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Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving for the 21St Century Learner Table of Contents

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Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving for the 21St Century Learner Table of Contents Educator’s Voice NYSUT’s journal of best practices in education Volume VIII, Spring 2015 Included in this issue: Welcome from Catalina R. Fortino Critical Thinking and Inquiry-Based Learning: Preparing Young Learners for the Demands of the 21st Century Problem-Solving for the Developing Mathematical Thinking in the 21st Century 21st Century Learner How Modes of Expression in the Arts Give Form to 21st Century Skills 21st Century Real-World Robotics In this issue … Authors go beyond teaching the three R’s. Critical thinking and problem- “Caution, this will NOT be on the test!” Expedition Earth Science solving for the 21st century learner means preparing students for a global Prepares Students for society that has become defined by high speed communications, complex the 21st Century and rapid change, and increasing diversity. It means engaging students to use multiple strategies when solving a problem, to consider differing Engaging Critical Thinking Skills with Learners of the Special Populations points of view, and to explore with many modalities. Music Performance Ensembles: This issue showcases eight different classrooms teaching critical thinking A Platform for Teaching through inquiry and expedition, poetry and music. Authors investigate the 21st Century Learner ways to make teaching and learning authentic, collaborative and hands- on. Students learn to problem solve by building working robots and go What is L.I.T.T.O.? Developing Master Learners beyond rote memorization in math through gamification. Early learners in the 21st Century Classroom use art to generate their own haiku, or journals to document their experi- ences with nature, and high school students learn earth science through Glossary outdoor investigations. Students in these classrooms are engaged in learning through Socratic dialogue, project based explorations, in-depth Resources observation, critique and self-directed learning. It is a collection that Call for Proposals for Next Issue demonstrates best practices for all learners who, as future citizens, will play a critical role in defining the knowledge society. For additional information on this and other topics, please visit www.nysut.org A Publication in Support of NYSUT’s initiative to end the achievement gap ©2015 NYSUT 800 Troy-Schenectady Road, Latham, NY 12110-2455 n 518-213-6000 n www.nysut.org Karen E. Magee, President Andrew Pallotta, Executive Vice President Catalina R. Fortino, Vice President Paul Pecorale, Vice President Martin Messner, Secretary-Treasurer Dear Colleagues, I am happy to announce that Educator’s Voice, NYSUT’s Journal of Best Practices in Education, is going digital. We are moving from our print publication to one that can be accessed through a variety of digital devices, so we can go wherever you go. Beginning with our first mailer that includes a QR code allowing readers to pull up the entire journal on a Smartphone or tablet, to our new interactive Web features, we are embracing 21st century technology. While Educator’s Voice will no longer be offered in print, we are expanding our online features to make the jour- nal a more interactive and accessible experience for you, our readers. Our goal is to reach as many of you as pos- sible, to make Educator’s Voice available to all of our NYSUT members across the state. The use of multiple forms of technology will enable us to share these innovative classroom practices more broadly. One of the new interactive functions “Educator to Educator” allows readers to post a comment to any of our authors. Tell them your reactions to the article or describe how you adapted the ideas in your own classroom. We are also introducing our featured author’s video interviews. Learn more about an article of interest in a 3-4 minute video presentation from a selected author. Please join us in celebrating these exciting changes. Share the link to our website, download the PDF’s to your computer or mobile devices, and share your feedback with the authors. Help us to make Educator’s Voice a true 21st century member-to-member experience. Sincerely, Catalina R. Fortino Vice President, NYSUT New York State United Teachers Affiliated with AFT • NEA • AFL-CIO EDITORIAL BOARD Catalina R. Fortino Vice President, NYSUT Daniel Kinley Director of Policy and Program Development, NYSUT Elizabeth Sheffer Educational Services, NYSUT Lawrence Waite Director of Educational Services, NYSUT Deborah Hormell Ward Director of Communications, NYSUT Publication Coordinator Leah Lembo Research and Educational Services, NYSUT The Editorial Board wishes to thank the following individuals for their contributions to the development of this volume: Barbara Back, Clarisse Banks, Cynthia DeMichele, Glenn Jeffers, Susan Lafond, Terry McSweeney, Melanie Pores, David Rothfuss, John Strachan, John Strom, Bernice Rivera and Carolyn Williams. Representing more than 600,000 professionals in education, human services and health care 800 Troy-Schenectady Road, Latham, NY 12110-2455 518-213-6000 • 800-342-9810 www.nysut.org New York State United Teachers Affiliated with AFT • NEA • AFL-CIO Educator’s Voice NYSUT’s journal of best practices in education Volume VIII, Spring 2015 Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving for the 21st Century Learner TABLE OF CONTENTS Inquiry-Based Learning: Preparing Young Learners for the Demands of the 21st Century................................ 2 Developing Mathematical Thinking in the 21st Century ............... 12 How Modes of Expression in the Arts Give Form to 21st Century Skills.................................. 22 NYSUT members may 21st Century Real World Robotics ................................ 40 photocopy these copyrighted “Caution, this will NOT be on the test!” written materials for Expedition Earth Science Prepares Students for the 21st Century ....... 50 educational use without express Engaging Critical Thinking Skills written permission. with Learners of the Special Populations .............................62 Some of the photos in Music Performance Ensembles: this journal, of NYSUT members A Platform for Teaching the 21st Century Learner ................... 72 and their students, What is L.I.T.T.O.? were taken by the following photographers: Developing Master Learners in the 21st Century Classroom............ 82 Maria R. Bastone Glossary .................................................... 106 Steve Jacobs Resources ................................................... 108 El-Wise Noisette Jen Rynda Call for Proposals for Next Issue ................................. 111 For additional information In this volume of Educator’s Voice, authors may have referenced particular programs, on this and other topics, curricula or websites in the discussion of their work. These references do not imply approval please visit www.nysut.org or endorsement by NYSUT of any particular product, service, or organization. A Publication in Support of NYSUT’s initiative to end the achievement gap ©2015 NYSUT Inquiry-Based Learning: Preparing Young Learners for the Demands of the 21st Century SUMMARY it is our responsibility to nurture and Learning begins with defend the threads of curiosity and the In this classroom early a sense of wonder wisps of wonder in order to best equip learners are challenged — a sudden spark that ignites a curious our youngest learners with the skills to explore a hands-on mind and propels it into action. to become the future problem-solvers, investigation in science. Children are born with this innate Using inquiry to inform researchers and critical thinkers of the the process, students are sense of wonder. They begin their lives 21st century. led through a carefully already demonstrating the skills of a developed and exciting scientist, observing and questioning the The learners of the 21st century are study on the life of environment in order to make sense of poised to join a workforce that requires worms. Across observa- tions, rich discussions, their place in the world. They totter to them to ask questions, problem-solve and nature journals, a and fro, experimenting, fumbling, won- and think critically, pursue investiga- multi-sensory experience dering and thereby creating their own tion and share and apply their findings unfolds in one urban understandings. Unfortunately, in this through multisensory lenses. Many of classroom. educational climate’s push toward stan- today’s jobs require workers to think dardization and a one-size-fits-all cur- outside of the box and problem-solve riculum, it is all too easy to lose sight of from different angles, always being the natural curiosity piping from young ready to construct and defend a new children. As early childhood educators, way of thinking. In order to provide Melissa Fine is a kindergarten teacher at Manhattan New School in New York City. She has been working in the New York City Department of Education as an early childhood teacher for six years. Fine is an ardent supporter of arts education and embeds art, drama and movement into all areas of curriculum. Lindsey Desmond is a kindergarten teacher at Manhattan New School in New York City, where she has been an early childhood educator for 11 years. She is passionate about validating and nurturing the child’s natural curiosity and sense of wonder. She continues to marvel in the discoveries young children happen upon as they engage with, and investigate, their own environment. Educator’s Voice n Volume VII n Page 2 Melissa Fine, United Federation of Teachers Lindsey Desmond, United Federation of Teachers Many of today’s Inquiry-Based
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