THE^Ociroal OF

THE^OCirOAl OF

PUKLISHED BY THE ASSOCIATION FOR ASIAN STUDIES, INC.

Volume XXXIV, Number 1 November 1974

Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.35.76, on 30 Sep 2021 at 22:03:36, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911800109726 THE JOURNAL OF ASIAN STUDIES Formerly the Far Eastern Quarterly H. D. HAROOTUNIAN, Editor RALPH NICHOLAS, Associate Editor MITSUKO IRIYE, Editorial Assistant University of Chicago University of Chicago BOARD OF ASSISTANT EDITORS Southeast Asia Southeast Asia South Asia

JOHN K. WHITMORE ARAM YENGOYAN PAULINE KOIFI^A University of Michigan University of Michigan ^Z^yTfHouston JAMES L. PEACOCK ChiTui

University of North Carolina „ A JOSEPH T. O'CONNELL _.. ROBERT A. KAPP C. U-U ,, ,-. „

SATPH C. CRO,2,ER ™~*> * "•**«"> Un^yof'Snto Se University of Rochester ° JOHN ^^ MICHEL OKSENBERG W™ University of Wisconsin, University of Michigan TETSUO NAJITA Madison CHARLOTTE FURTH University of Chicago California State University ROBERT J. SMITH SUSAN HADDEN Long Beach Cornell University Oakland University BOOK REVIEW EDITORS Southeast Asia China Japan ARAM YENGOYAN ROBERT A. KAPP BERNARD S. SILBERMAN University of Michigan University of Washington, Duke University seaiueSeattle Korea South Asia PETER H. LEE J. MICHAEL MAHAR University of Hawaii University of Arizona THE ASSOCIATION FOR ASIAN STUDIES, INC. OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION RICHARD D. LAMBERT, President H. D. HAROOTUNIAN, Editor, the PAUL WHEATLEY, Editor University of Pennsylvania Journal of Asian Studies Monographs, Occasional Pa- PING-TI Ho, Vice President University of Chicago pers, and Reference Series University of Chicago , University of Chicago RICHARD L. PARK, Secretary- Board of Directors Louis JACOB, Chairperson, Ad- Treasurer visory Committee on the Bibli- Unrversity of Michigan ography of Asian Studies BOARD OF DIRECTORS President Vice President Secretary-Treasurer ARDATH W. BURKS (1972-1975) DANIEL S. LEV (1974-1977) ROBERT K. SAKAI (1974-1977) Rutgers University University of Washington University of Hawaii *7Z,?%})At Urv Member Tc^«M^SI977) Tr Tsou (?7&976) St^'ord University J°™ MESKILL, At Urge Member University of Chicago ., „ , ('974-»977> WEI-MING TU (1972-1975) MARC GALANTER (1974-1976) Barnard College University of California State University of New York, RHOADS MURPHEY, At Large Buffalo Member (1974-1977) W. HOWARD WRIGGINS (1974- L. A. PETER GOSLING (1972-1975) University of Michigan ,977) BA A RA University of Michigan r"? . RUCH (1973-1976) . Columbia University J ' • * University of Pennsylvania GEORGE MCT. KAHIN, Past Presi- SUSANNE H. RUDOLPH (1972- DAVID O. D. WURFEL (1973- dent 1975) 1976) Cornell University University of Chicago University of Windsor EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE President Vice President Past President Secretary-Treasurer RHOADS MURPHEY, Chairperson ALTON BECKER, Chairperson ALBERT E. DIEN, Chairperson Publications Committee Publications Committee China and Inner Asia Regional University of Michigan University of Michigan Council Stanford University HAROLD A. GOULD, Chairperson SOLOMON B. LEVINE, Chairperson South Asia Regional Council Northeast Asia Regional Council University of Illinois University of Wisconsin

CAROL JEAN JOHNSON VICTORIA G. SPANG ROSEANNA L. PURZYCKI Administrative Assistant Comptroller Journal Advertising Membership Secretary Stitmtnrinir Inttitiitinw TTXTTVimSITV CO! MirWiriATSJ TTMIVFRSITV OP CHICAGO

CONTENTS

5 The Language of Inequality: An Editorial CHARLOTTE FURTH ARTICLES 7 The Progress of the Ancestors in a Balinese Temple-Group (pre-1906-1972) JAMES A. BOON 27 Decline of a Patrimonial Regime: The Telengana Rebellion in India, 1946-51 CAROLYN M. ELLIOTT 49 Soviet Reinterpretations of Chinese Social History: The search for the origins of Maoism CILBERT ROZMAN 73 Revolution Out of Tradition: The Political Ideology of Tai Chi-t'ao HERMAN MAST III AND WILLIAM C. SAYWELL 99 Utaawase Judgments as Poetry Criticism CLIFTON W. ROYSTON 109 Institutional Borrowing: The Case of the Chinese Civil Service Examination System in Early Koryo H. W. KANC 127 Symposium: The Achievement of Georges Dumezil Introduction J. F. RICHARDS 129 Dumezil and Indian Studies ALF HILTEBEITEL 139 Dumezil's Tripartite Ideology: Some Critical Observations J. CONDA 151 "Je ne suis pas . . . structuraliste": Some Fundamental Differences between Dumezil and Levi-Strauss C. SCOTT LITTLETON 159 American Aid to Dumezil: A Critical Review of Recent Essays DAVID M. KNIPE REVIEW ARTICLES 169 Understanding Tantric Buddhism: Some Questions of Method RECINALD RAY

Articles in the Journal of Asian Studies represent neither the views of the Association for Asian Studies nor those of the Editors. The Editor is responsible for the final selection of the content of the Journal and reserves the right to reject any material deemed inappropriate for publication. Responsibility for opinions expressed and for the accuracy of facts published in articles rests solely with the individual authors. COPYRIGHT © 1974 BY THE ASSOCIATION FOR ASIAN STUDIES, INC. All Rights Reserved Requests for permission to reprint should be directed to the Editor. The Journal is indexed in the Social Sciences & Humanities Index and Book Review Index and abstracted in Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life. It is also available on film through University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104.

177 The Beginnings of Esoteric Buddhism in Japan: The Neglected Tendai Tradition STANLEY WEINSTEIN 193 National Character Leaves the Nursery at Last: Discussion DAVID W. PLATH AND CORA DU BOIS 207 The Rage of Korean Makers LEONARD NATHAN AND DOO SOO SUH

BOOK REVIEWS Asia General

211 DUDLEY, A History of Eastern Civilizations HENRY P. FRENCH, JR. 212 LENSEN, The Damned Inheritance: The Soviet Union and the Manchurian Crises, 1924-1935 JOHN J. STEPHAN

China 213 HANAN, The Chinese Short Story: Studies in Dating, Author- ship, and Composition Y. w. MA

215 LEE, The Romantic Generation of Modern Chinese Writers FREDERICK P. BRANDAUER

217 GAMBLE, (ed.), Chinese Village Plays from the Ting Hsien Region: A Collection of Forty-Eight Rural Plays as Staged by Villagers from Ting Hsien in Northern China DANIEL S. P. YANG

218 DARDESS, Conquerors and Confucians: Aspects of Political Change in Late Yuan China JOHN D. LANCLOIS, JR.

220 CULICK, Peter Parker and the Opening of China RICHARD J. SMITH

222 HUNT, Frontier Defense and the Open Door: Manchuria in Chinese-American Relations, 1895-1911 JOHN SCHRECKER

224 LEE, Britain and the Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1939. A Study in the Dilemmas of British Decline FRANK E. ROGERS

225 HOWE, Wage Patterns and Wage Policy in Modern China 1919-1972 CARL RISKIN

228 HATADA, Chugoku sonraku to kyodotai riron RAMON H. MYERS

229 WHYTE, Small Groups and Political Rituals in China WILLIAM L. PARISH, JR.

232 AHERN, The Cult of the Dead in a Chinese Village CORAN AIJMER

233 KAU, The People's Liberation Army and China's Nation Building . J. CHESTER CHENC

Korea 236 NAHM, (ed. and introd.), Korea Under Japanese Colonial Rule JOHN.KIE-CHIANC OH

237 CHUNG, The North Korean Economy: Structure and Development YOUNCIL LIM

Japan

239 ROSENFIELD, CRANSTON AND CRANSTON, The Courtly Tradition in Japanese Art and Literature: Selections from the Hofer and Hyde Collections CLENN T. WEBB

241 NAKAMURA, (trans, and ed.), Miraculous Stories from the Japanese Buddhist Tradition: The Nihon Ryoiki of the Monk Kyokai KAREN BRAZELL

242 I.ANCDON, Japan's Foreign Policy T. J. PEMPEL

South Asia 244 CANGULI, Gandhi's Social Philosophy: Perspective and Relevance LEONARD A. CORDON 245 ISLAM, A Bangladesh Village: Conflict and Cohesion PETER J. BERTOCCI 247 A Survey of Research in Sociology and Social Anthropology. Vol. Ill DAVID C. MANDELBAUM 249 A Survey of Research in Psychology LEIGH MINTURN 251 LYNTON AND RAJAN, The Days of the Beloved NAWAB SHEHBAZ H. SAFRANI 252 CUPTA, India in English Fiction, 1800-1970: An Annotated Bibliography KUL B. CAURI 253 COPPOLA, DULAI AND NAIM, (eds.), Journal of South Asian Literature: Fall and Winter 1973 (Mohan Rakesh issue) ROBERT O. SWAN 254 CHAITANYA, A History of Malayalam Literature R. E. ASHER 255 CULHATI, Indus Waters Treaty: An Exercise in International Mediation CHARLES H. HEIMSATH 256 SWAMY, Economic Growth in China and India, 1952-70: A Comparative Appraisal WILFRED MALENBAUM

Southeast Asia 258 SPOEHR, Zamboanga and Sulu: An Ardiaeological Approach to Ethnic Diversity KARL L. HUTTERER 260 HORNE, Javanese-English Dictionary s. WOJOWASITO 261 VIEN, (Marr and Werner, eds., Yar, Werner and Nhu trans.), Tradition and Revolution in Vietnam j. K. WHITMORE 263 CORRESPONDENCE

The Journal of Asian Studies, known until September 1956 as the Far Eastern Quarterly, is published by The Association for Asian Studies (formerly The Far Eastern Association) in November, February, May, and August. The annual institutional subscription rate is $30.00, postage included. Subscribers also receive the annual Bibliography and semiannual Professional Review. Single issues of the Journal and Bibliography, beginning with the May 1965 issue, cost $8.00 plus postage and can be ordered from the Secretariat. Earlier issues may be purchased from A.M.S. Reprints, 56 E. 13th Street, New York, New York 10003. Annual membership dues are S20.00 ($10.00 for full-time students) payable April 1. Regular and student members receive the Journal of Asian Studies, the annual Bibliography of Asian Studies, the semiannual Asian Studies Professional Review, and the Asian Studies Newsletter. Second-class postage paid at Ann Arbor, Michigan and at Richmond, Virginia. Individual and back issues of the Journal and Bibliography to the membership cost $6.00 plus postage for regular members, and $4.00 plus postage for student members. All correspondence regarding membership, subscriptions, advertising, or business should be addressed to the Secretary or Business Manager, Association for Asian Studies, Inc., Room 1, Lane Hall, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104. Manuscripts for publication and correspondence concerning articles should be submitted to Professor H. D. Harootunian, Editor, Journal of Asian Studies, University of Chicago, Gates-Blake 405, 5811 South Ellis, Chicago, Illinois 60637. Original Manuscripts are to be typed on 8}4 X 11 bond, double spaced, and must not exceed about 35 pages in length; they should be accompanied by two clear copies. Correspondence concerning books for review and book reviews should be sent to the appropriate editors: Professor Bernard S. Silberman, Department of History, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27706, Review Editor (Japan and Northeast Asia); Professor Aram Yengoyan, Department of Anthropology, 23 Angell Hall, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, Review Editor (Southeast Asia); Professor Robert A. Kapp, Institute for Comparative and Foreign Area Studies DR-05, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, Review Editor (Chfna and Inner Asia); Professor J. Michael Mahar, Department of Ori- ental Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, Review Editor (South Asia); Professor Peter H. Lee, Department of East Asian Literature, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, Review Editor (Korea).