INDEX

Aether, 19–40, 167 Colossians, 133, 137–143, 158 Afterlife, 1, 48, 77–78, 83, 86, 92–99, Commodus, 23 n. 19, 73 102, 104 (see also Hades, Hell, Constantine, 91, 106–112, 114–118, 134, Heaven) 162 Aion, 31–34 Constantinople, 35, 156–157, 162 n. 66, Ammianus Marcelinus, 91–92 163 Amulets, 1–2, 119–125, 143, 146–157 Constantius, 91 Anatolia, 16–17, 21–22, 47–69, 137–155, Cornelius Labeo, 8, 21 n. 9, 38 158–163 Council of Nicea, 35 Angel representations, 1–2, 151–153 Cynicism, 58 Angelus bonus, 1–2, 77, 94–95 Cross, 81–83, 117, 119, 123, 130, Anna Perenna, 105, 124–125, 131, 146 147–148, 151 n. 31 Antoninus Pius, 33, 73 Daemones (daimones), 5–12, 12, 24, Anthony (St., of Egypt), 90, 104 29–31 Aphrodisias, 33 n.51, 52 n. 13, 122, 148 Defixiones (curse tablets), 119–125, Apollo, xvi, 19, 21–23, 26–40, 67, 130–131, 146 n. 31, 168 120–121 Delos, 54 Arabia, 69–71 Dervini Papyrus, 22 Araph, 153 Dushara, 70 Archangels, 16–17, 120, 131–134, 138, 145–148, 153, 157–165 Egeria, 129 Athens, 5 n.13, 52, 54 n. 20 Egypt, 34 n. 53, 47–48, 69, 72–73, 75 Attis, xvi, 162 Eldress (presbytis), 80, 83–84 Augustine, 4, 8–11, 16, 30 n. 37, Emesa, 72–73 38 n. 68, 91 n. 65, 95 n. 84 Epicurian, 23 n. 12 Augustus (Gaius Octavianus Julius Eros, 123 n. 50 Caesar), 92 Eumenian Formula, 101 Eusebius of Caesaria, 37, 40 n. 73, Basilica, 106–112, 116, 118, 128 at Mamre, 108, 110, 112, 115–117, Eutropia, 106–112, 114–115, 117 128, 134 Michael in Anatolia, 138, 159, Fountain of the Lamps, 16, 105, 160–164 118–126, 130–134, 168 Bordeaux Pilgrim, 115–116, 128–129 Gabriel (archangel), 96, 120–121, 125, Caria, 13, 57–60 132, 148, 152 Catacomb, 1–2, 102–103 Genius, 89, 92 Celsus, 4–7, 91 n. 65, 95, 144–145, 167 Gerasa, 69–70 Chonae, 105, 131–134, 160–164, 168 Gnostic, 78, 81 n. 16, 93, 96–98, Claros, 15, 19, 21–22, 26, 29 n. 36, 36–41 147–148, 150 Coins, Gnosticism, 79, 88 Images on, 33, 70 n. 76 God-Fearers, 52 As offerings, 115–119, 124 Greece, 16, 48, 118–125 Colophon, 21, 26–27 Gregory of Nazianzus, 14 n. 40, 39–40, Colossae, 131–132, 142, 158, 160–163 52 n. 13 (see also Chonae) Gregory of Nyssa, 96 180 index

Gregory Thaumaturgus, 90–92 Magicians, 143, 153–155 Guardian Angels, 4, 16, 77–78, 89–92, Mal’ak, 3 n. 4, 50, 69 n. 70 94–100, 102–104 Malakbel, 70 Malalas (John), 39 Hades, 21 n. 9, 41, 49, 96 n. 86, Mamre, 16, 105–119, 124, 131–134 100 n. 104, 101, (see also Afterlife) Marius, Gaius, 92 Heaven, 5, 24, 30–31, 34, 39 n. 69, 59, Masoretic text, 53 n. 17, 55 n. 25 64, 75, 89, 96, 102 n. 111, 103 n. 115, Matrilineal descent, 122–123 105, 113, 145, 159–161, 167 (see also Melos, 77, 98, 102–104 Afterlife) Mên, 52, 55, 60–65 Hekate, 48–49, 58–59 Mercury, 1, 27, 95 Helios, 21 n. 9, 34, 37, 55, 65, 67–68, Michael (archangel), xvi, 2, 16–17, 96, 146 n. 30 120–121, 125, 131–134, 137–138, 148, Hell, 39 n. 69 (see also Afterlife, Hades) 152, 158–165 Hellenic, Hellenes (use of terms) 6, Monks, 155 13–15, 49 n. 6, 105–106, 111–118 Monotheism, 12, 15, 19, 24 n. 21, Hellenism, 12–15, 47, 50–51, 105, 167 41 n. 74, 91 n. 65, 122, 145 Henotheism, 15, 36, 39, 41 Hermes, 3, 94 Nabatean, 88 Homer, 3 Neoplatonism, 10, 16, 24 n. 23, 35, 48 Homeric, 60, 92 (see also Platonism) Hosios and Dikaios, 52, 65–68, 146 Numa Pompilius, 92 Hypsistos (see Theos Hypsistos and Nuntius, 29 n. 35, 74, 94–95 Zeus Hypsistos) Nymphs, 124–125, 130–131, 134, Hypsistarian, 52 146 n. 31

Idarouma, 70 Oenoanda, 19–28, 31–33, 35–38, 40–45, Ilaalge, 70, 167 47, 58–61, 64 Invocation, xvii–xviii, 47, 53–55, Oenomaus, 40 60–63, 68–69, 77–78, 93, 97–105, Origen, 4–8, 11, 16, 90–91, 104, 140, 114, 119–121, 138, 142–159, 163–164 142, 144–145 Iris, 3 Islam, 1 Pagan, Paganism (use of terms), 12–14 Paul (apostle), 5 n. 13, 6 n. 16, 140–141, Jerome, 129, 159 n. 56 160 n. 59 John Chrysostom, 96, 127, 129, Peter (apostle), 89–90, 93, 104 156–157 Piacenza Pilgrim, 117 Jubilees, 141 Pisidia, 137, 158, 164 Judaism, xvii, 1, 13–14, 50–52, 54–55, Plato, 5, 30, 33 n. 49 88–89, 93–94, 97, 113, 118, 140–141, Platonism, 5–16, 24, 35, 48, 59, 89, 91, 144–145, 147, 150 95 Jupiter, 69 n. 70, 71 n. 79, 73–74 Plotinus, 91–92, 94 n. 75, 104 Justin Martyr, 108 n. 10 Plutarch, 6 n. 14, 24 n. 23, 89, 95, 99 Polytheism (term), 12–15, 113 Lactantius, 15–16, 19, 21–22, 24, 26–32, Praetextatus (Catacombs of), 1, 77 35, 37–41 Praetextatus (from Macrobius’ Lagina, 49 Saturnalia), 21 n. 9, 41 Lamps, 105–106, 115–119, 121–126, Priests (of Mên), 63 130–136 Priests (Christian), 143, 153–155 Landon, Michael, 2 Psychopomps, 93–95 Liturgy, 142, 15–157 Raphael (archangel), 96, 102 n. 111, 148, Magic, 144, 150 152 Magical Papyri, 146, 148 n. 34 Rhenea, 54, 68