Table 2: Ranking of Perceived Crowding for Different Resources

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Table 2: Ranking of Perceived Crowding for Different Resources 1 Table 2 Description of International Studies Study Response Survey Country Study site Date Population studied Citation sample size rate (%) mode Canada (Alberta) Athabasca-Sunwapta Rivers 1999 White water rafters Vaske & Donnelly (2000) 369 95 On-site Float trip visitors Banff National Park 1993 Tourists Vaske & Donnelly (1993b) 501 On-site Columbia Icefield 1993 Tourists Vaske, Donnelly, Doctor, & Petruzzi 910 97 On-site (1994) 1996 Tourists Vaske & Donnelly (1997) 1,893 96 On-site 1997 Tourists Vaske & Donnelly (1998) 1,422 96 On-site 2000 Tourists Vaske & Donnelly (2001) 438 97 On-site Canada Gwaii Haanas Nat'l Park Reserve & 1995 Motor Boaters Vaske, Donnelly, Freimund, & 205 66 Mailed (British Columbia) Heritage Site Miller (1995) Kayakers Jasper National Park 1993 Tourist Vaske, Donnelly, Doctor et al. 470 97 On-site (1994) Pacific Rim National Park 2001 Ocean kayakers Randall (2000) 375 87 On-site Whistler Mountain 2000 Visitors Needham, Rollins, & Vaske (2005) 548 84 On-site Ecuador Cuyabeno Wildlife Reserve 1995 Ecotourists Wallace & Lincango (1996) 131 99 Mailed New Zealand Abel Tasman National Park – 1994 Sea Kayakers Cessford (1998a) 210 On-site Offshore Coast Abel Tasman National Park – 1994 Hikers Cessford (1998b) 657 On-site Coastal Track Fiordland National Park – 1994 Hikers Cessford (1998c) 384 On-site Milford Track My Aspiring / Fiordland National 1994 Hikers Cessford (1998d) 144 On-site Park – Routeburn Fiordland National Park – 1994 Hikers Cessford (1997a) 454 On-site Kepler Track 2 Table 2 Description of International Studies, Continued Study Response Survey Country Study site Date Population studied Citation sample size rate (%) mode Kahurangi National Park – 1994 Hikers Cessford (1998e) 664 On-site Heaphy Track Kapati Island 1991 Visitors Sutton, Devlin, & Simmons (1993) 461 64 On-site Nelson Lakes National Park – 1994 Hikers Cessford (1998f) 237 On-site Travers-Sabine Track New Zealand's Conservation Estate Tourists Higham (1994) 336 On-site 1992 Tourists O'Neill (1994) 60 On-site New Zealand Backcountry 1996 Backcountry Users Kearsley & Coughlan (1999) 970 47 Mailed Rakaia River 1983 Salmon Anglers Shelby (1983) 119 40 On-site Rakiura National Park - 1994 Hikers Cessford (1998g) 269 On-site Rakiura Track Tangariro National Park - 1994 Hikers – Tongariro Cessford (1997b) 1045 On-site Tongariro Circuit Track Urewera National Park - 1994 Hikers Cessford (1998h) 349 On-site Lake Waikaremoana Track Waimakariri River 1985 Salmon Anglers Shelby (1983) 138 30 On-site Whanganui National Park - 1994 Canoeists Cessford (1998i) 559 On-site Wanganui River Sweden Fulufjallet National Park 2001 Hikers Fredman & Hörnsten (2004) 1,498 77 Mailed 2005 Hikers Cottrell & Ritter (2005) 107 On-site Thailand Koh Chang Marine National Park 2005 Snorkellers Topelko (2005) 705 On-site .
Recommended publications
  • FIORDLAND NATIONAL PARK 287 ( P311 ) © Lonely Planet Publications Planet Lonely ©
    © Lonely Planet Publications 287 Fiordland National Park Fiordland National Park, the largest slice of the Te Wahipounamu-Southwest New Zealand World Heritage Area, is one of New Zealand’s finest outdoor treasures. At 12,523 sq km, Fiordland is the country’s largest park, and one of the largest in the world. It stretches from Martins Bay in the north to Te Waewae Bay in the south, and is bordered by the Tasman Sea on one side and a series of deep lakes on the other. In between are rugged ranges with sharp granite peaks and narrow valleys, 14 of New Zealand’s most beautiful fiords, and the country’s best collection of waterfalls. The rugged terrain, rainforest-like bush and abundant water have kept progress and people out of much of the park. Fiordland’s fringes are easily visited, but most of the park is impenetrable to all but the hardiest trampers, making it a true wilderness in every sense. The most intimate way to experience Fiordland is on foot. There are more than 500km of tracks, and more than 60 huts scattered along them. The most famous track in New Zealand is the Milford Track. Often labelled the ‘finest walk in the world’, the Milford is almost a pilgrimage to many Kiwis. Right from the beginning the Milford has been a highly regulated and commercial venture, and this has deterred some trampers. However, despite the high costs and the abundance of buildings on the manicured track, it’s still a wonderfully scenic tramp. There are many other tracks in Fiordland.
    [Show full text]
  • On Ulva Island
    Abundance and dispersal of translocated common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island Helen Sharpe A report submitted in partial fulfilment of the Post-graduate Diploma in Wildlife Management University of Otago 2011 University of Otago Department of Zoology P.O. Box 56, Dunedin New Zealand WLM Report Number: 250 Abundance and dispersal of translocated common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island A report prepared for the Department of Conservation in association with Otago University’s Diploma of Wildlife Management. Helen Sharpe July 2011 2 Abundance and dispersal of translocated common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island Contents Summary 2 Introduction 3 Methods 4 Results 8 Discussion 9 Recommendations 13 Acknowledgements 15 References 16 Figures and tables 18 3 Abundance and dispersal of translocated common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island Summary This report describes a monitoring study carried out in 2011 to investigate the abundance and distribution of common skink (Oligosoma polychroma) on Ulva Island, Southland, New Zealand. Common skinks were introduced to Ulva in 2005 and 2006 for ecosystem restoration, and to investigate effects of weka (Gallirallus australis scotti) predation. Skinks were monitored over 3 non-consecutive days using artificial cover objects. Where possible skinks were caught, weighed, measured and photographed. A total of 18 sightings were made which indicates a substantial drop in both populations but especially at West End Beach. A combination of insufficient habitat and predation/competition by weka are the probable causes. However some uncertainties with monitoring are acknowledged, with regard to sub-optimal weather conditions and ‘settling’ time for new ACOS. Skinks appear not to have dispersed more than 20-30 metres from their release site.
    [Show full text]
  • FJ-Intro-Product-Boo
    OUR TEAM YOUR GUIDE TO FUN Chris & Sue Co-owners Kia or a WELCOME TO FIORDLAND JET Assistant: Nala 100% Locally Owned & Operated Jerry & Kelli Co-owners At Fiordland Jet, it’s all about fun! Hop on board our unique range of experiences and journey into the heart of Fiordland National Park – a World Heritage area. Our tours operate on Lake Te Anau and the crystal-clear, trout filled waters of the Upper Waiau river, which features 3 Lord of the Rings film locations. Travel deeper into one of the world’s last untouched wildernesses to the isolated and stunning Lake Manapouri, surrounded by rugged mountains and ancient beech forest. Escape the crowds and immerse yourself into the laid-back Kiwi culture. Located on Te Anau’s lake front, Fiordland Jet is the ideal place to begin your Fiordland adventure. We have a phone charging station, WIFI, free parking and a passionate team standing by to welcome you and help plan your journey throughout Fiordland. As a local, family owned company and the only scenic jet boat operator on these waterways, we offer our customers an extremely personal and unique experience. We focus on being safe, sharing an unforgettable experience, and of course having FUN! Freephone 0800 2JETBOAT or 0800 253 826 • [email protected] • www.fjet.nz Our team (from left): Lex, Laura, Abby, Rebecca, Nathan & Sim PURE WILDERNESS Pure wilderness JOURNEY TO THE HEART OF FIORDLAND Jet boat down the Waiau River, across Lake Manapouri, to the ancient forest of the Fiordland National Park. Enjoy the thrill of jet boating down the majestic trout-filled Waiau River, to the serene Lake Manapouri.
    [Show full text]
  • Southland Tourism Key Indicators
    SOUTHLAND TOURISM KEY INDICATORS June 2019 SOUTHLAND TOURISM SNAPSHOT Year End June 2019 Guest nights up 1.5% to 1,201,109 Total spend up 3.3% to $673M Southland is continuing to experience stable growth phase in spend across both domestic and international markets, including good growth of the UK, German and US markets. There have also been modest gains in both international and domestic commercial accommodation figures, despite growth in Airbnb listings. SOUTHLAND REGION TE ANAU GORE TOURISM SPEND STATISTICS INVERCARGILL THE CATLINS Total Spend in NZD Figures for Year End June STEWART IS. MRTE’s (Monthly Regional Tourism Estimates) • International visitor spend up 6.1% to $264 million • Domestic visitor spend up 1.5% to $409 million • Total spend up 3.3% to $673 million ACCOMMODATION STATISTICS • Top 5 International Markets 1. Australia (up 7.9%) Guest Night Figures for Year End June 2. USA (up 10.2%) CAM (Commercial Accommodation Monitor) 3. Germany (up 11.0%) • International guest nights up 2.8% to 725,017 4. UK (up 9.0%) • Domestic guest nights up 0.8% to 476,091 5. China (down 7.8%) Markets • Total guest nights up 1.5% to 1,201,109 • Occupancy rate down from 46.3% to 45.6% • Daily capacity up 2.4% to 2,350 stay-units International 39% Domestic 61% Average Length of Stay Year End June 1.80 1.99 Days Days Southland National 2.2% 0.2% Tourism Spend Estimate Year End June $400m Guest Nights Year End June $350m Domestic 1,300,000 $300m USA 1,200,000 UK 1,100,000 $250m Rest of Oceania 1,000,000 Rest of Europe 900,000 Rest of Asia $200m
    [Show full text]
  • The Milford Road
    Walks from the Milford Road Key Summit - 3 hours return The Key Summit track is an ideal introduction to the impressive scenery and natural features of Fiordland National Park. The track starts at The Divide carpark Protect plants and animals and shelter and follows the Routeburn Remove rubbish Track for about an hour. It then branches off on a 20 minute climb to Key Summit, Bury toilet waste where there is a self guided alpine nature walk. Keep streams and lakes clean Walkers will pass a range of native Take care with fires vegetation: beech forest, sub-alpine shrublands, and alpine tarns and bogs. Camp carefully Birdlife is prolific and tomtits, robins, wood pigeons and bellbirds are commonly seen. Keep to the track Key Summit provides panoramic views Consider others over the Humboldt and Darran Mountains. During the last ice age, which ended about Respect our cultural heritage 14,000 years ago, a huge glacier flowed Enjoy your visit down the Hollyford Valley and overtopped Key Summit by 500 metres, with ice Toitu te whenua branches splitting off into the Eglinton and ( Leave the land undisturbed ) Greenstone Valleys. Lake Marian - 3 hours return The Lake Marian Track is signposted from a car park area about 1 km down the Hollyford Road. The track crosses the Hollyford River/ Whakatapu Ka Tuku by swing-bridge then passes through silver beech forest to a spectacular series of waterfalls, reached after 10 minutes. The track then becomes steep and sometimes muddy during the 1.5 hour ascent through forest to Lake Marian. Lake Marian is in a hanging valley, formed by glacial action, and this setting is one of the most beautiful in Fiordland.
    [Show full text]
  • Fiordland Great Walks 3 Day Package &Welcome
    Fiordland Great Walks 3 day package &Welcome Milford Track p6 Thank you for choosing Trips & Tramps ½ day guided walk to explore Fiordland. It is an amazing experience to travel through this area on foot, and this 3-day adventure offers great diversity, with a guided day hike on each of the Kepler, Milford and Routeburn Tracks. Passing through unique and spectacular scenery, you will discover Routeburn Track p7 native forests, lakes and rivers to mountain 1 day guided walk views, vast fiords and lush valleys. Each day you will be accompanied by a local guide, who are the backbone of our small, family run company. Friendly, patient and with a deep affinity for all things outdoors, our guides help bring Fiordland’s stunning landscapes to life, while providing a safe, enjoyable walk. Kepler Track heli-hike p5 1 day guided walk This really is the ultimate hiking package, and we hope you enjoy it as much as we do! www.tripsandtramps.com 1 General information Departure Point, and transport Once again, let us know if you need any help logistics with your selection, we are happy to share This trip uses the township of Te Anau, our local knowledge. We recommend you as the base. With a wide range of shops, book your accommodation directly to receive accommodation providers and plenty of the best available rate. dining options, it is the perfect place to step * Note: packages are available from local into Fiordland National Park. accommodation providers which may include extra meals and activities. Most people find it easiest to fly into Queenstown.
    [Show full text]
  • Periodic Report on the State of Conservation of the Te Wahipounamu
    PERIODIC REPORTING ON THE APPLICATION OF THE WORLD HERITAGE CONVENTION II.1 INTRODUCTION a. State Party: New Zealand b. Property Name: Te Wāhipounamu/South West New Zealand c. Geographic Information Located in the south-west of the South Island, extending 40-90km inland from a 450km length of its western coast. The seaward boundary is generally the mean high water mark. 166°26'-170°40'E, 43°00'-46°30'S (Map attached). d. Inscription Date The site was inscribed on the World Heritage list in 1990 e. Reporting Organisation The reporting organisation is the Department of Conservation, www.doc.govt.nz Mr Hugh Logan Director General Department of Conservation Phone: ++64 4 471 0726 Fax: ++64 4 471 1082 PO Box 10420 Wellington New Zealand f. Report Prepared By This report was prepared by 1. Mr Murray Reedy 2. Mr Ian Whitwell Technical Support Manager Community Relations Manager Department of Conservation Department of Conservation Hokitika Dunedin New Zealand New Zealand Phone: ++64 3 755 5547 Phone: ++ 03 474 6921 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] f. Signature On Behalf Of State Party ……………………………………… New Zealand periodic report to World Heritage Committee October 2002 – Section 2 – Te Wahipounamu (wgnho-136892) 1/16 Map of Te Wahipounamu New Zealand periodic report to World Heritage Committee October 2002 – Section 2 – Te Wahipounamu (wgnho-136892) 2/16 II.2 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Fiordland National Park, Aoraki/Mount Cook National Park and Tai Poutini/Westland National Parks were initially inscribed on the World Heritage list in 1986 for their outstanding natural values.
    [Show full text]
  • NZ Journal of Ecology, In
    1 2 FORUM/REVIEW ARTICLE 3 4 A research strategy for biodiversity conservation on New Zealand’s 5 offshore islands 6 7 David R. Towns 1* , Peter J. Bellingham 2, Christa P.H. Mulder 3, Phil O’B. Lyver 2 8 1Research and Development Group, Department of Conservation, Private Bag 68 908, 9 Newton, Auckland 1145, New Zealand. 10 2Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand 11 3 Department of Biology and Wildlife & Institute of Arctic Biology, University of 12 Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA 13 *Author for correspondence (Email: [email protected]) 14 15 Abstract: New Zealand’s (NZ) offshore islands are refuges for many threatened 16 species, a high proportion of vertebrate diversity, and the world’s most diverse fauna 17 of seabirds. We present key issues and questions that can be used to guide research on 18 the conservation of biodiversity on these islands. Four global reviews formed a basis 19 from which we identified research questions of potential relevance to the management 20 of NZ islands. The research questions were assigned in the context of nine objectives 21 proposed as a means of achieving ecological integrity. For each of the nine 22 objectives, we then asked what has been achieved in terms of island research and 23 management, and what needs to be achieved in order to meet long term goals. We 24 used local examples to identify issues and questions specific to islands in the NZ 25 region. Our analyses revealed two research areas in which current understanding is 1 26 poor.
    [Show full text]
  • Your Cruise New Zealand South Island Expedition
    New Zealand South Island Expedition From 1/6/2022 From Dunedin Ship: LE SOLEAL to 1/13/2022 to Dunedin Set sail aboardLe Soléal for an 8-day brand-new expedition cruise to discover the South Island of New Zealand between enchanting landscapes and observation of extraordinary wildlife, in one of the best-preserved environments on the planet. Le Soléal will first set sail to the South West region of the South Island to discover magnificent Fiordland National Park, which is an integral part of Te Wahipounamu, a UNESCO World Heritage area. Dusky Sound, Doubtful Sound or the better-knownMilford Sound: you will discover these fiords shaped by successive glaciations, bordered by majestic cliffs. Le Soléal will then set sail for the Snares Islands, one of the archipelagos of New Zealand's Sub Antarctic Islands. These remote island outposts are collectively designated as aUNESCO World Heritage Site and home to a myriad of wildlife with many species endemic to the region and even to individual islands. In these islands often described as the “Galapagos of the Southern Ocean”, this amazing nature can provide great experiences. Then you will sail towardsUlva Island, one of the few predator-free sanctuaries of New Zealand and a haven for many rare species of birds and plants that are rare, or have died out, on the mainland of New Zealand. You will then reach Dunedin, your port of disembarkation. The encounters with the wildlife described above illustrate possible experiences only and cannot be guaranteed. The information in this document is valid as of 9/28/2021 New Zealand South Island Expedition YOUR STOPOVERS : DUNEDIN Embarkation 1/6/2022 from 4:00 PM to 5:00 PM Departure 1/6/2022 at 6:00 PM Dunedin is New Zealand's oldest city and is often referred to as the Edinburgh of New Zealand.
    [Show full text]
  • Tramping in New Zealand Tracks and Huts Throughout the Country
    For the hard-working Department of Conservation staff who maintain TRAMPING IN NEW ZEALAND tracks and huts throughout the country. A GUIDE TO 40 OF NEW ZEALAND’S BEST TRACKS Text and photographs by Shaun Barnett Maps by Roger Smith, Geographx AckNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank a number of people who have been great companions in the hills: Daryl Ball, David Barnes, Angela Barnett, Grant Barnett, Rob Brown, Dave Chowdhury, Andy Dennis, John Fitzgerald, Tony Gates, Dave Hansford, Debbie Hoare, Andrew Lynch, Ken MacIver, Chris Maclean, Darryn Pegram, Bruce Postill, Andy Reisinger, John Skilton, Mark Stanton and Tom Stanton-Barnett. A number of Department of Conservation (DOC) staff have helped check draft chapters for which I am grate- ful: Wayne Boness, Maurice Bootherstone, Peter Carter, Dale Chittenden, Brendon Clough, Fiona Colquhoun, Paul Davidson, Eric de Boer, Peter Devlin, Olivia Dovey, Jock Edmondson, Owen Graham, Ronan Grew, Roy Grose, Claudia Hill, Vanessa Hooker, Stephen Hormann, Sally Jones, Cal Jose, Ross Kerr, Pete Morton, Mark Nelson, Sharon Pascoe, Sue Scott, Annette Smith, Pat Sheridan, Rudy Tetteroo, Dave Thompson, Mark Townsend, Katrina First published in 2006 by Craig Potton Publishing Upperton, Matt Ward, Dave Waters, Jim Wilson, Don Wood- cock, John Wotherspoon and Tom Young. Reprinted 2007, 2008, 2010 The many pamphlets which DOC produces on various tracks also proved to be excellent sources of information. Craig Potton Publishing 98 Vickerman Street, PO Box 555, Nelson, New Zealand It goes without saying that any mistakes are mine alone: www.craigpotton.co.nz if you find a significant error, write to the publisher, as I’d appreciate knowing about it for future editions.
    [Show full text]
  • Tongariro Northern Circuit Brochure
    TONGARIRO NORTHERN CIRCUIT Duration: 3 – 4 days Great Walks season: Distance: 45 km (loop) 20 October 2017 – 30 April 2018 TONGARIRO ELEVATION PROFILE & TRACK GUIDE Oturere NORTHERN 1800 m 26 bunks 7 campsites CIRCUIT 1600 m Mangatepopo 20 bunks 7 campsites 1400 m From alpine herbfields to forests, Whakapapa Village and tranquil lakes to desert-like 1200 m plateaux, you’ll journey through 1100 m a landscape of stark contrasts 9.4 km / 4 hr 12 km / 5 hr with amazing views at every turn in this dual World Heritage site. Winding its way past Mount Tongariro and Mount Ngauruhoe, you will be dazzled on this circuit by dramatic volcanic landscapes and New Zealand’s rich geological and ancestral past. To the north is Lake Taupo, to the east the rugged Kaimanawa Day 1: Whakapapa Village Day 2: Mangatepopo Hut to range. On a clear day you may to Mangatepopo Hut Oturere Hut even catch a glimpse of Mount Taranaki on the west coast. 4 hours, 9.4 km 5 hours, 12 km The Tongariro Northern Circuit can be Your journey begins by making You join the popular Tongariro Alpine your way across the eroded Crossing on the second day, crossing walked in either direction. The track is plains of the Tongariro volcanic remnants of lava flows and climbing well marked and signposted, but some complex, a series of explosion steeply up Te Arawhata to the expansive sections may be steep, rough or muddy. craters and volcanic cones and Red Crater. Here you’ll be dazzled by This guide describes a 4-day clockwise peaks.
    [Show full text]
  • Visitor Satisfactions, Impact Perceptions and Attitudes Toward
    Visitor satisfactions, impact perceptions, and attitudes toward management options on the Milford Track SCIENCE FOR CONSERVATION: 87 Gordon Cessford Published by Department of Conservation P.O. Box 10-420 Wellington, New Zealand Great Walks visitor research programme This report is the eighth from the Great Walks visitor research programme. Reports from other track samples are published through the same series. While data were collected predominantly during January–February 1994, those visitor responses still provide valid indications of visit experiences and evaluations. Any significant management or use-pattern changes since then can be interpreted in light of these results. The main change that has occurred on the Milford Track has been the removal of the Clinton Forks Hut and a construction of a new hut on a site further down-river. Science for Conservation presents the results of investigations by DoC staff, and by contracted science providers outside the Department of Conservation. Publications in this series are internally and externally peer reviewed. © June 1998, Department of Conservation ISSN 1173–2946 ISBN 0–478–21729–3 This publication originated from work done under Department of Conservation Investigation no. 1758, carried out by Gordon Cessford, Science and Research Division, Department of Conservation. It was approved for publication by the Director, Science and Research Division, Science Technology & Information Services, Department of Conservation, Wellington. Cataloguing in Publication Cessford, Gordon R. (Gordon Robert), 1962– Visitor satisfactions, impact perceptions, and attitudes toward management options on the Milford Track / Gordon Cessford. Wellington, N.Z. : Dept. of Conservation, 1998. 1 v. ; 30 cm. (Science for conservation, 1173–2946 ; 87.) ISBN 0478217293 1.
    [Show full text]