George G. Meade • (1815-1872) American army officer, he served as a Union general at major Civil War battles. He forced back General Lee’s Confederate army at Gettysburg but failed to obtain a decisive victory. Battle of Gettysburg • (1863) a Union Civil War victory that turned the tide against the Confederates at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. George Pickett • (1825-1875) American general in the Confederate army, he was famed for Pickett’s Charge, a failed but heroic effort at Cemetery Ridge in the Battle of Gettysburg, often considered a turning point of the Civil War. Pickett’s Charge • (1863) a failed Confederate attack during the Civil War led by General George Pickett at the Battle of Gettysburg. Gettysburg Address • (1863) a speech given by Abraham Lincoln in which he praised the bravery of Union soldiers and renewed his commitment to winning the Civil War. Wilderness Campaign • (1864) a series of battles between Union and Confederate forces in northern and central Virginia that delayed Union capture of Richmond. William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) American Union army officer, his famous March to the Sea captured Atlanta, Georgia, marking an important turning point in the war. Total War • a type of war in which an army destroys its opponent’s ability to fight by targeting civilian and economic as well as military resources. Appomattox Courthouse • Virginia town where General Robert E. Lee was forced to surrender, thus ending the Civil War. Surrender at Appomattox • Union General Grant rose to shake hands with Confederate general Lee after the surrender. Grant allowed Lee to keep his sword and Lee’s men to keep their horses.