Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

JAPANESE-MALAYSIAN COLLABORATION PROJECT FOR BUILDING COMMUNITY RESILIENCE Khamarrul Azahari Razak Universiti Teknologi (UTM) Kuala Lumpur

1 Co-Chair, Working Group on Climate Change & Disaster Risk Reduction, Global Young Academy @ https://globalyoungacademy.net 2 Member of the Academy of Sciences Malaysia, Disaster Risk Reduction Alliance Committee 3 Geohazard Lab, UTM RAZAK Faculty of Technology and Informatics 4 Multi-Geohazard and Disaster Risk Lab, Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Center Malaysia- International Institute of Technology

[email protected] I 019 3649495

[email protected] BEFORE

CONTENTS AFTER

1. Why Japan?

2. Hazard/Risk & Resilience Sabah Earthquake

3. Case studies & examples 2015 2015 4. Take-home messages

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MULTI-GEOHAZARD & DISASTER RISK A TRANSDISCIPLINARY DISASTER RESEARCH

Advancing disaster risk reduction in a changing environment

http://razakschool.utm.my/khamarrul/,

@ [email protected] Khamarrul Azahari Razak, PhD 1,2 1 Senior Lecturer, UTM RAZAK Faculty of Technology and Informatics 2 Research Member, Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Center Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur

Ph.D (Geosciences, Landslides, Remote Sensing) Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht with cooperation of ITC-University of Twente, United Nation University UNU-DRM Center for Spatial and Risk Management, The

National Involvement: Technical expert in the National Project (Slope Hazard and Risk Mapping) (2014-2015) appointed by Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia; Consultants in Revision of National Slope Master Plan 2009-2023 Public Work Department; National Guidelines for Disaster Resilient Cities by PLANMalaysia; Resilience of Critical Infrastructure by CREAM CIDB

Membership: European Geosciences Union; Asia Oceania Geoscience Society; IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society; Asia-Pacific Network on Climate Science and Technology; Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research; Royal Institution of Surveyors Malaysia, Institution of Geospatial and Remote Sensing Malaysia, Malaysia Nature Society; Member of the Academy of Sciences Malaysia Disaster Risk Reduction Alliance Committee (DRR Alliance); Society for Engineering Geology and Rock Mechanics Malaysia (SEGRM)

Awards: Top 11 Young World Geomorphologists, awarded by the International Association of Geomorphology in Paris 2013 & Merdeka Awards Recipient Grant (Petronas, Shell, Exxon) 2016; Global Young Academy (GYA) 2016-2020 Multi-hazard & Disaster Risk (Kyoto University, Japan); Earthquake and Cascading Geohazard (Taiwan), Co-seismic landslides (National Center of Excellence in Geology, Pakistan); Disaster Informatics (National Information Society Agency, Korea); Geospatial Business Continuity Planning (JICA); Risk Cities Initiative (RiskCities-i) TU Berlin, HFT Stuttgart, UFZ Helmholtz ; Disaster Resilient Community (IRIDeS, Tohoku University, Japan) Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

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(Source: FY 2015 Disaster Control White Paper)

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https://www.jishin.go.jp/

Two major earthquakes risks in Japan for the next 30 years produced by the Headquarter of Earthquake research promotion of the Japan Government. First one is located in the Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku Island, Japan.

Nankai Trough (Tokai, Tonankai, Nankai) based on 2012 Scenario predicted up to a magnitude of 9.0 will be causing a direct damage of 220 trillion with 320,000 people killed/missing and up to 1.3 million collapsed buildings.

@ [email protected] Expected Severe Earthquakes in Japan １７

Tokai (M:8.0, 86%) Fatalities：9,200, Totally destroyed houses:260,000 Economic loss：37 T. yen The east Japan great earthquake Fatalities：19,000 M=9.0

Tokyo bay chokka (M:7.3, 70%) Fatalities：11,000, T.D.H.:850,000 Economic loss：112 T. yen

At the same time Tonankai(M:8.1, 60%) Fatalities:18,000, Nankai (M:8.4, 50%) T.D.H.：360,000 Kochi city Economic loss：57T. yen Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

Photo shows the landmark constructed to memorize the landslide dam induced by Hoei- Nankai earthquake in 1707 resulting the flooding in the vicinity township (small photo)

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Landslide record compiled in 1889

Record is not only about the location with such illustrative map, but also detailed information about the conditioning and triggering factors causing the landslides. This is an important lesson learned for us to compile and record all disaster events - persistent policy for landslide inventory mapping in Malaysia @ [email protected] Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

Slides by Yusuke Amano, Director of International Cooperation and Engineering for Infrastructure Policy Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) Promote Public Investment in DRR @ Global Forum on Science and Technology for Disaster Resilience 2017, 23—25 Nov 2017, Science Council of Japan

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Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

25 2017,Nov Science ofJapanCouncil

—

Slides by Yusuke Amano, Director of International Cooperation and Engineering for for Engineering and Cooperation International of Director Amano, Yusuke by Slides Infrastructure Policy Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and Transport Infrastructure, ofLand, Ministry Bureau, Policy Infrastructure for @ Technology onScience DRR Globaland Forum in PublicInvestment Promote 2017, 23 Resilience Disaster

@ [email protected] UTM RAZAK School of Engineering and Advanced Technology Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Center, MJIIT Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur

An Integrated Research Framework “Disaster Resilience Model” R = f (D,A,T) Where R: Resilience; D: Damage = f (H,E,V); A: Human Activities; T: Time where D = f (H,E,V) R = f (H,E,V,A,T) Prevention Recovery Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

PUBLIC MUTUAL HELP HELP

SELF HELP

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JICA PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM (JPP) 2018-2022

Strengthening the Disaster Risk Reduction Capacity to Improve the Safety and Security of Communities by Understanding Disaster Risk (SeDAR) JICAJI CPARTNERSHIPA Partnership Pro PROGRAMgram (JPP) (JPP) 2018-2022 Tohoku University - Interna onal Research Ins tute for Disaster Science (IREDeS) StrengtheningProject to the Imp Disasterrove Liv eRiskliho oReductiond and Saf eCapacityty of Com tom Improveuni es b they Safety and Security of Building DisastCommunitieser Resilience tbyhr oUnderstandingugh Disaster R iDisastersk Asses Risksme n(SeDARts )

Overall Project Goal: Local government together with community stakeholders in the State of Selangor are able to develop and implement DRM plans based on disaster risk assessments to strengthen their resilience to natural disasters

State Organize kick off Conduct baseline Conduct disaster risk Develop disaster risk Level workshop with project analysis on available assessments based on map & assessment stakeholders DRM data exis@ng data report of target areas

District & Community Review and analyze Develop regional DRM Iden@fy priority DRM Conduct ToT and Levels exis@ng regional DRM Framework based on ac@vi@es based on implement ac@vi@es in plans and SOPs risk assessments 1. & 2. selected communi@es

Federal & Develop M&E Develop project Conduct seminars to Conduct community other Levels Guideline & apply to publica@ons for share experiences to co-leaning program in DRM ac@vi@es dissemina@on other regions Japan for key C/Ps 19 Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

QUANTITATIVE HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENT

In which

▪ P(T│HS) = the temporal probability of a certain hazard scenario (HS);

P(S│HS) = the spatial probability that a particular pixel in the susceptible areas is affected given a certain hazard scenario;

▪ A(ER│HS) = the quantification of the amount of exposed elements at risk, given a certain hazard scenario (e.g. expressed as the number or economic values); and

▪ V(ER│HS) = the vulnerability of elements at risk given the hazard intensity under the specific hazard scenario

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Disaster Education & Community Resilience I Ehime Prefecture, japan \

2 teachers Provide instruction, facilitation and time allocation

6 students

1 BoE Regional Local communities government 2 Neighborhood 2 Parents Association 1 DRR division Shaw R, Takeuchi, et al (2009)

Talk about 2004 disaster Stories of past disasters Talk about DRR activities Stories of the region Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

UTM DRR Day in Rantau Panjang, Kelantan, 13 Oct 2016

1. Planning 2. Town Watching

3. Creating Hazard Map 4. Presentation 22 Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

Town Watching for DRR & Community Resilience • Communities identifying their own risks through Town Watching Komuniti mengenalpasti risiko mereka sendiri Community Hazard Map melalui ‘Town Watching” Peta Bahaya Komuniti • Comparing and calibrating with Official Hazard Risk Map scientific hazard map Perbandingan Peta Bahaya Risiko Rasmi dan penilaian dengan peta bahaya saintifik • Conduct exposure & vulnerability assessment by various physical and social dimensions Penilaian keterdedahan & kerentanan aspek fisikal dan sosial • Overlay with hazard map to create disaster risk map Penindihan peta bahaya untuk menghasilkan peta risiko bencana

• DRR planning and implementation DRR Action Planning & Implementation based on disaster risk map DRR Plan Tindakan & Implimentasi Perancangan dan implimentasi DRR pada peta risiko bencana Monitoring & Evaluation • Evaluate effect of DRR actions & Pemantauan & Penilaian update disaster risk map Penilaian hasil tindakkan DRR & kemaskini peta risiko bencana 23 Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

https://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/events/50547 COMMUNITY PROGRAM DISASTER EDUCATION AND PREPREDNESS FOR SOCIAL RESILIENCE Master of Disaster Risk Management (MDRM) Program 25 May 2017 @ Serendah, Selangor

Organized by:- Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Center (DPPC) Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

High Impact Community based Disaster Risk Tsunami Drill & School Disaster Preparedness funded by UNDP & Reduction @ Sabah, JMG & NADMA, 08-13 Oct National Disaster Management Agency @ Kedah, 06-07 Aug 2018

With Dato’ Seri Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, Deputy Prime Minister and YTM Dato’ Seri Diraja Tan Sri Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz Almarhum Sultan Abdul Halim Mu’adzam Shah, Chairman of Stakeholder/Community Engagement, Field Visit & Malaysia Red Disaster Education and Preparedness Program Crescent Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

Research Collaboration - Kyoto University and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Promoting Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in DRR

▪ Engaging private sector in Malaysia ▪ Establishing ARISE Malaysia

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STRENGTHENING PRIVATE SECTOR FOR DISASTER RESILIENT IN MALAYSIA

The University of DA NANG, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Vietnam Indonesia Local Partners: Participations: 50% - Private 20% - Community Officer 20% - NGO 10% - Universities Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

Framework for Sediment Disaster Management Where (spatial)? When? Mapping Analyzing regional (Monitoring & Prediction) potential debris susceptibility zones flow torrents for debris flow Disaster analysis

Early warning What & How (vulnerability)? system

Inventory of possible affected Rainfall based zones/community & Elements-at-risk model

Where (temporal) & What (risk level)? Rainfall > Threshold Assessing debris flow hazard & risk Warning Engineering Landuse restriction Disaster Info. (database development Residential Relocation Evacuation** Evacuation Updating & dissemination)

@ [email protected] (, Sabah) – home to UNESCO’s World Heritage Site in Malaysia

– Most tectonically active region in Malaysia,@ [email protected] most attractive to tourism, community-at-risk 7 April 2015 Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction 2018 I 29 October 2018 @ Putrajaya

STUDY AREA @ KUNDASANG, SABAH

20 July 2015

31 Mobilise International Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, 29 October 2018 Multi-Agency Collaboration for Building Resilient Communities @ Putrajaya

Debris flow simulation and analysis: a case study in Mesilau river, Sabah

• Impact of landslides on the hydrological systems of water catchment.

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Advancing Science in the UNESCO World Heritage Site for Disaster Resilience

▪ Supporting Disaster Resilient City initiative, ▪ Assessing impact of socio-economic and environment ▪ Mainstreaming DRR into development planning/control

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Climate is changing, we face a new disaster risk – An integrated approach

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BEFORE Low’s Peak

Crocker trend Lobu Lobu

AFTER 2015 2015 Sabah Earthquake

Burton-Johnson (2013)

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New Approach : Multi-Hazard & Disaster Risk Management

Three main components:

1) Technical assessment (hazard and risk) 2) Decision making (use cases) 3) Data

management Van Westen et al. (2015) al. et Westen Van

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Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030: Progress & Challenges

Complexity of disaster – multisectoral & disciplinary group - special need & interest Action oriented program – scientific-based decision support – transdisciplinary approach

@ [email protected] THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Khamarrul Azahari Razak, PhD UTM RAZAK School of Engineering and Advanced Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 54100 Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra Kuala Lumpur Tel: +6019-3649495 Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Web: http://www.razakschool.utm.my/khamarrul

Visiting address:- Room no. 32, Level 6, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Center Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur

Geospatial Intelligence Research Initiative Cascading GeoHazards Research Initiative UTM RAZAK School of Engineering and Advanced Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur 54100 Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur