Tronox Management Pty Ltd Coating Removal Project
Works approval application Chandala Processing Plant Revision 0 August 2019
Revision Date Prepared by Approved by 0 5 August 2019 Miranda Robinson Nick Sibbel
Tronox Management Pty Ltd ABN 59 009 343 364
Corporate office Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road, Kwinana Beach 6167 PO Box 305, Kwinana Beach WA 6966 9411 1444
Chandala office Chandala Processing Plan Brand Highway Muchea, Western Australia 6501 PO Box 22 Muchea, Western Australia 6501 9571 9333
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Contents 1. Introduction ...... 5 1.1 Background ...... 5 1.2 Purpose of this document ...... 5 2. Administration ...... 6 2.1 Applicant/occupier details ...... 6 2.2 Prescribed premises details ...... 6 2.3 Approvals history ...... 6 2.3.1 Current approvals ...... 6 2.3.2 Approvals for this proposal (Coating Removal) ...... 7 2.4 Stakeholder consultation ...... 7 2.4.1 General ...... 7 2.4.2 Chittering Shire ...... 7 3. Site environmental characteristics ...... 8 3.1 Physical environment ...... 8 3.1.1 Climate ...... 8 3.1.2 Surface water and groundwater ...... 8 3.2 Biological environment ...... 9 3.2.1 Flora and fauna ...... 9 3.3 Social environment ...... 10 4. Proposal description ...... 11 4.1 Existing plant ...... 11 4.1.1 Dry Separation Plant ...... 11 4.1.2 Synthetic Rutile Plant ...... 12 4.1.3 Waste Management Plant ...... 12 4.1.4 Process water ...... 12 4.1.5 Electricity ...... 13 4.1.6 Fuel use ...... 13 4.1.7 Public infrastructure ...... 13 4.1.8 Gaseous waste management ...... 13 4.2 Additional plant ...... 14 4.2.1 Mechanical attritioning...... 14 4.2.2 Chemical attritioning ...... 15 5. Environmental management ...... 18 5.1 Environmental management system ...... 18
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 3 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
5.2 Dust emissions ...... 18 5.3 Air emissions ...... 18 5.4 Odour emissions ...... 22 5.5 Light overspill ...... 22 5.6 Noise and vibration ...... 22 5.7 Discharges to surface water ...... 24 5.8 Discharges to land ...... 24 5.9 Hazardous material storage ...... 25 5.10 Radiation ...... 25 5.11 Solid/liquid waste ...... 25 5.12 Native vegetation clearing ...... 25 5.13 Aboriginal heritage ...... 26 5.14 Commissioning ...... 26 6. References ...... 27
Figures Figure 1. Regional Location ...... 28 Figure 2. Site Location ...... 29 Figure 3. Mean rainfall in the Chandala area ...... 30 Figure 4. Mean temperatures in the Chandala area ...... 31 Figure 5. Chandala plant & noise sensitive receivers ...... 32
Tables Table 1. Additional power requirements for the proposal ...... 13 Table 2. Maximum consumption of additional equipment for attritioning ...... 16 Table 3. Waste heat recovery circuit: heat exchangers ...... 21 Table 4. Waste heat recovery circuit: scrubber...... 21 Table 5. Natural gas fired boiler ...... 22 Table 6. Noise sensitive receivers ...... 23 Table 7. Predicted noise levels at sensitive receivers ...... 24
Appendices Appendix 1. NOx and CO estimations Appendix 2. Chandala Graded Sands and Coating Removal Expansion – Noise Model Update
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 4 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
1. Introduction
1.1 Background This document is a supporting document for a Works Approval application and includes information required to allow the Department of Water and Environmental Regulation (DWER) to assess the application under Part V of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act). Tronox Management Pty Ltd (Tronox) operate the Chandala mineral sands processing facility (Chandala), located at Muchea, approximately 50 km north of Perth ( Figure 1 ). The Chandala site is operational and currently comprises of a Dry Separation Plant (DSP), Synthetic Rutile (SR) Plant, associated Waste Management Plant (WMP) and supporting facilities. The Chandala site is currently supplied with Heavy Mineral Concentrate (HMC), sourced from the existing Cooljarloo Mine at Cataby in the mid-west region of Western Australia. The HMC is separated into constituent minerals (ilmenite, rutile, leucoxene, staurolite and zircon) at the DSP, while ilmenite is converted to SR at the Chandala SR Plant. The SR material then undergoes further downstream processing at the Kwinana Processing Plant, other Tronox Pigment plants or is sold. Other minerals derived from the HMC are sold on local and international markets. Wastes generated at Chandala are treated at the onsite WMP prior to being returned to the Cooljarloo Mine for disposal in a licensed landfill. Tronox proposes to modify operations at the Chandala site to allow for mineral processing of HMC from various sources, including the proposed mining operations at Dongara. Approvals are being sought to this effect as the current mechanical attritioning stage at the head of the DSP is inadequate for the level of treatment (coating removal) required to remove impurities from variable sources of HMC. Higher energy mechanical attritioning is required, as well as caustic leaching to improve the quality of the constituent minerals as well as the reactivity of ilmenite in the SR kiln (Tronox 2013). Operations at the Chandala site are conducted under implementation statements 50 and 958 issued under Part IV of the EP Act. The site is operated in accordance with an Environmental Licence (L5939/1988) issued under Part V of the EP Act. 1.2 Purpose of this document Processing HMC from various sources at the Chandala site requires enhanced attritioning and, in the case of ilmenite, caustic leaching. This document has been prepared to obtain approval to operate to use higher energy mechanical attritioning and caustic leaching to facilitate the coating removal from the HMC and contained ilmenite. The business case for the modifications to the Chandala plant to enhance coating removal capabilities is based on treating minerals sourced from Tronox’s proposed Dongara Mine. However, minerals from other sources that are processed at Chandala will likely also be processed through the modified circuits.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 5 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
2. Administration
2.1 Applicant/occupier details Tronox is the Proponent for Chandala site and the proposed coating removal plant. The Chandala facility is located on 341 ha of freehold farmland (Lot 11248 on Plan 189272 volume folio LR3121/696 Muchea) owned by Tronox Management Pty Ltd. The processing operations lie within mining tenements G70/88, G70/89, G70/90, G70/165, G70/166, G70/167 and G70/168 held by Tronox Management Pty Ltd. 2.2 Prescribed premises details The proposed site for coating removal plant is presented in Figure 2 . Under the Environmental Protection Regulations 1987, the proposal requires approval as a modification to a prescribed premises. The existing and proposed activities are consistent with Category 8 “Mineral sands mining or processing premises on which mineral sands ore is mined, screened, separated or otherwise processed” as authorised by Environmental Licence (L5939/1988). 2.3 Approvals history
2.3.1 Current approvals Key approvals for the existing operation were granted in accordance with: • EP Act Part V (site operating Licence) and Part IV (Statement 958 and Statement 50) • Mineral Sands (Cooljarloo) Mining and Processing Agreement Act 1988 • Mining Act 1978 (tenure and Notice of Intent/Mining Proposals) • Rights in Water and Irrigation Act 1915 (groundwater abstraction licensing). The proposal was originally assessed by EPA under Part IV of the EP Act and approved by the Minister in two parts: • DSP in accordance with Statement 50 as amended by Statement 67 • SR Plant in accordance with Statement 59, superseded in 1996 by Statement 412 and then by Statement 958 in 2014.
The property is a registered contaminated site in accordance with the Contaminated Sites Act 2003. The contamination relates to ammonium and sulphate salts, low pH and hydrocarbons . Contamination of the groundwater below the Chandala operations has occurred via seepage from the current or historic process liquor ponds, the SR Plant Waste Gas Scrubber building, “Wet section” (consisting of the ammonium chloride, acid leach, acid storage, dryer and transfer station) and the decommissioned coal stockpile area. Remedial action has been taken and is on-going to recover the contamination via targeted groundwater abstraction and on- going maintenance of containment infrastructure (i.e. pond liners and bunds) has been improved.
Licences granted in accordance with the Rights in Water and Irrigation Act 1917 include: • 1.2 GL abstraction (for plant water supply) from Gnangara Perth - Superficial Swan (GWL59054) via offsite borefield (not within GP Leases or EP Act Part V Licensed premises) • 263 ML abstraction from Gingin Perth Superficial Swan for onsite groundwater remediation and general use (GWL60344) • 10 ML Gingin Perth-Leederville for general use and irrigation (GWL171790).
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 6 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
2.3.2 Approvals for this proposal (Coating Removal) Key approvals for this proposal include: • Approved Mining Proposal (Registration ID: 43639) for the Chandala Processing Facility Coating Removal Mining Proposal Amendment of G70/88, G70/89, G70/90, G70/165, G70/166, G71/167 and G70/168 received on 6 March 2014. • Works approval W5609/2014/1 granted on 12 June 2014 (expired 12 June 2019). 2.4 Stakeholder consultation Tronox, has operated at this site for approximately 30 years. During this time an excellent relationship with local stakeholder has been established through ongoing general community relations carried out for the Chandala facility, existing community partnerships and sponsorship of community programmes and through preliminary consultation carried out for the Chandala expansion. This provides an excellent basis for effective consultation this proposal. 2.4.1 General Tronox has a dedicated community relations team that has forged relationships with communities in the Shire of Chittering through a range of community consultation processes including open days and site tours, stakeholder liaison and community meetings. In addition to maintaining consultation processes, Tronox also provides sponsorships for several environmental and community programmes including Chittering Landcare Centre, Chittering Wildlife Carers, Perth Zoo and the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation & Attractions (DBCA) research projects. 2.4.2 Chittering Shire Tronox has held one meeting on 16 April 2012 with the Shire of Chittering to inform the Shire of its plans to expand the Chandala Synthetic Rutile Plant. Feedback received during this meeting was positive with no issues with the proposal raised by either Shire councillors or the Shire CEO (pers. comm. June 2012).
A follow-up meeting was held with the CEO of the Chittering Shire 21 Aug 2019 during which Tronox highlighted that the approvals required for the plant were being renewed, extended or otherwise remade, including this works approval. The CEO once again reiterated the support for continued operations.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 7 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
3. Site environmental characteristics
3.1 Physical environment The Chandala site is located within the Swan Coastal Plain in the Swan Coastal Plain 2 (SWA2) subregion. The Swan Coastal Plain is a low lying coastal plain dominated by Naksia or Tuart on sand soils. The SWA2 subregion is described as composed of colluvial and Aeolian sands, alluvial river flats and coastal limestone (Mitchell 2002). The land surrounding the Chandala operations is generally flat and low lying sloping down in a west- southwest direction and rising to the foothills of the Gingin escarpment to the east. 3.1.1 Climate The SWA2 subregion experiences a Mediterranean climate of cool wet winters and hot dry summers. Rainfall has been consistently recorded at the Muchea Tree farm (Bureau of meteorology station 009029) between 1911 & 2017 and at Muchea (Bureau of meteorology station 009275) since 2011 with mean rainfall per month shown in Figure 3 . Rainfall peaks during June and July while low periods of rainfall occur from November through to March the following year. The closest meteorology station to Chandala with records of mean minimum and mean maximum temperature is the Pearce RAAF (Bureau of meteorology station 009053). The coldest temperatures recorded occur during August with a mean of 8.2°C and the warmest temperatures recorded occur during January with a mean of 33.5°C 3.1.2 Surface water and groundwater The Chandala site is located on the upper reaches of the Ellen brook catchment. The Chandala Brook enters the property from the North West, flowing in a south westerly direction exiting the property near the south west corner. There are also three smaller tributaries that enter Chandala Brook within the site boundaries, Yalyal Brook from the east and other smaller tributaries from the west. Chandala Brook is maintained by surface water run-off, discharge shallow aquifers, springs and upward leakage from confined aquifers. As the site is very low lying, during winter several areas are inundated. Surface and near surface drainage is toward Chandala Brook (Tiwest 2009). All are located some distance from the active operational areas. The Chandala site falls within the Gnangara groundwater system, within the Gingin and Gnangara groundwater areas proclaimed in accordance with the s.26B of the Rights and Irrigation Act 1914. The Chandala site itself lies within the Gingin Lake Mungala sub-area while the borefield is located in the Gnangara Reserve sub-area. The Leederville Formation which underlies the Chandala site comprises a sequence of sandy aquifers and is isolated from superficial deposits by its depth of occurrence and shales between 50 and 120 meters. The superficial formations at the Chandala site are sandy in nature with some silty complexes as the depth increases. The watertable occurs around 0.8 to 1.5 m below ground level and is often associated with strongly cemented sand (AGC 1988).
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 8 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Riparian vegetation associated with Chandala Brook may be susceptible to impacts from changes in hydrology. Local groundwater levels are monitored at five dedicated observation bores across the production bore field. Data collected in 2018 have shown that the groundwater levels remain within historical levels and regional drawdown (Tronox 2019). The three production bores are sampled monthly to analyse electrical conductivity, total dissolved salts and pH. Additional detailed chemical analysis is conducted on a quarterly and annual cycle. Contamination of groundwater resources at the Chandala site occur primarily from the current or historic process liquor ponds, the SR Plant Waste Gas Scrubber building, “Wet section” (consisting of the ammonium chloride, acid leach, acid storage, dryer and transfer station) and the decommissioned coal stockpile area (Tronox 2019). Contamination of groundwater beneath the WMP and SR Plant was first detected in September 1994 in routine monitoring (Tiwest 1995a). In response to this detection the Department of Environmental Protection and Water Authority (now DWER) were notified and an extensive groundwater monitoring and contaminant recovery program (targeted abstraction) was implemented. An ongoing containment maintenance and improvement program (i.e. targeting pond liners and bunds) was also implemented. These actions have been successful in containing the spread, and significantly reducing the concentration, of contaminants improving groundwater quality beneath the plant sites. Contaminant status has been reported annually in the Annual Environmental Report since 1997. 3.2 Biological environment The soils of the Muchea site are of the Pinjarra plain system, a stream of alluvial deposits extending from Gingin in the North to the south of Pinjarra. The soil types located in the region are mainly heavy sands and clayey silts. A typical soil profile will start off with black-grey sands in which organic matter decreases with depth from surface, this is then underlain by a cemented dark brown sand layer located one to three meters from the surface (Tiwest 2009). 3.2.1 Flora and fauna The Chandala site was developed on land that was primarily used for agricultural purpose and consequently the southern portion of the property consists of pasture. The northern section was covered with Banksia woodland interspersed with marri and jarrah with limited understory due to grazing, the west of the site was fringed by the vegetation associated with Chandala Brook (Maunsell 1988). The remnant vegetation of the site was considered by the EPA to be well represented in other locations on the Coastal Plain in better condition and in more pristine environments (EPA 1988). Prior to development of the processing facilities the site was highly disturbed and extensively infected by dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) (Tiwest 1995b). Rehabilitation of the vegetation of the larger site has been undertaken throughout the life of the Chandala operations in accordance with the conditions of SR Plant Implementation Statement 412. Furthermore, a dieback management plan, weed control and vegetation health monitoring of the borefield have also been implemented. A specific assessment of fauna has not been conducted for the site due to the previous use of the land for agriculture (Maunsell 1988). Management of fauna is included in the management of biodiversity at the site. Fauna-specific management includes feral animal control and the installation of preventative measure to minimise harm to native fauna (e.g. recovery ladders in lined ponds, bunds and sumps). Fauna is routinely monitored in the surrounding wetlands.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 9 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
3.3 Social environment The predominant land use in the surrounding area is cattle and sheep grazing combined with rural lifestyle residency. The nearest settlement is Muchea located 5 km to the south of the Chandala site (Figure 2). There are several Aboriginal Heritage records in the Department of Aboriginal Affairs (DAA) database associated with the Chandala mining tenements. These are primarily mythological sites associated with the nearby Chandala Brook. Gingin Brook Waggyl Site overlies all the tenements, which is of both mythological and historical importance. Tenement G70/90 is also located within the buffer of one archaeological site (artefacts/scatter). There are two areas of conservation significance within a reasonable proximity of the Chandala site. The Chandala brook reserve, located three kilometres upstream and the Twin Swamps Nature reserve, 13 km downstream.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 10 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
4. Proposal description The Chandala facility was established for the downstream processing of heavy mineral concentrate (HMC) produced by the Cooljarloo Mine. In recent years, a decline in HMC production at Cooljarloo has led to Chandala processing minerals from a number of different sources. To further supplement this, Tronox propose to commence mining at Tronox’s Dongara Titanium Minerals Project (Dongara Mine). The minerals at the Dongara mine have various coatings which Tronox propose to remove via the installation of additional attritioning and a caustic leach circuit at the Chandala site. Coating removal will enable more efficient processing of the product through the SR Plant. 4.1 Existing plant The existing facilities at the Chandala site include the Dry Separation Plant (DSP), Synthetic Rutile Plant (SR Plant), and the Waste Management Plant (WMP) and associated infrastructure. The key inputs of the existing Chandala operations are: • HMC • coal • water (for processing) to be sourced from borefields. Other inputs to the existing operations include sulphuric acid, ammonium chloride, lime, caustic soda, soda ash and natural gas. The key outputs of the existing Chandala operations are: • rutile • zircon • leucoxene • staurolite • SR • activated carbon • solid process waste (returned to Cooljarloo Mine or other appropriately licensed waste management facility) • Wastewater (treated at the on-site WMP) An overview of the existing plant is provided in the following subsections. 4.1.1 Dry Separation Plant HMC is stockpiled in the materials handling area prior to feeding via conveyors to the DSP. The DSP uses a range of different processes to separate the various minerals contained within the HMC, using the inherent mineral characteristics of electrical conductivity and magnetic susceptibility, particle size and specific gravity. The DSP also employs wet attritioning on the HMC to remove impurities. HMC and mineral products are dried in natural gas dryers. Of the resulting products zircon, rutile, staurolite and leucoxene are either bagged or sold in bulk and ilmenite is conveyed to the SR Plant for further processing or sold.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 11 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
4.1.2 Synthetic Rutile Plant The SR Plant process comprises the following key steps: • reduction of ilmenite in the rotary kiln in the presence of coal, elemental sulphur and char to convert iron oxide in the mineral to metallic iron and manganese oxides to sulphides for removal during the aeration and acid leach processes • screening and magnetic separation of magnetic reduced ilmenite and non-magnetic fraction (char and ash) • agitation of reduced ilmenite in the presence of ammonium chloride to oxidise metallic iron and subsequent removal of insoluble iron oxides in the aeration section • separation of coarse upgraded ilmenite from fine iron oxide via hydro-cycloning • leaching with acid to remove remaining iron oxide, manganese sulphide and residual metallic iron forming SR • removal of spent acid via vacuum belt filter and wash down of SR particles using freshwater and dewatering • drying of the SR product in gas fuelled fluidised bed dryer. The process produces SR and activated carbon. Wastes and process liquors are passed to the WMP for recycling, neutralisation and disposal. 4.1.3 Waste Management Plant The waste management systems treat several mineral residue slurry streams from the SR Plant. Overall liquor is recycled within the process while solids are removed through filtration for disposal at the Cooljarloo Mine. Waste management at the WMP includes the following key activities: • filtration of iron oxide to produce filter cake suitable for disposal and recycle ammonium chloride liquors • recovery of process water from the acid effluent requires neutralisation and precipitation of sulphuric acid and filtering out of the resulting slaked lime and metal hydroxides • the kiln waste gas scrubber liquor bleed is regenerated by precipitation of calcium sulphite, calcium sulphate and particulate solids using slaked lime and soda ash; the resulting solids are concentrated and removed via filtration • a pugging system is used to pug excess liquors, particularly from the SR kiln waste gas treatment system (dual alkali scrubber), which are blended with dry absorbent (generally waste char from the SR Kiln) to produce a moist, crumbly solid or pug. The solids resulting from these processes are trucked to the Cooljarloo Mine for disposal. Cooljarloo Mine contains a separate facility licensed as a Class III landfill in accordance with the EP Act, with a current waste allowance for up to 500 ktpa (wet). Composition of wastes at Tronox sites are tested quarterly in accordance with the Cooljarloo landfill criteria including constituent metals and ASLP tests. The waste stream from the Chandala SR Plant which contains radiological content (coarse rejects) is screened prior to leaving the Chandala site, with trucks subject to on-site gamma surveys to ensure criteria is met for transport in accordance with the approved Tronox Radiation Safety Management Plan. 4.1.4 Process water Water required for Tronox Chandala operations are sourced from two locations: • Gnangara borefield located on the western side of Brand Highway from the plant site in accordance with licence GWL59054. This allocation was recently increased in 2014 to 1,200 ML to enable Tronox’s expansion plans • Up to 130 ML of contaminated water recovered from beneath the plant site for groundwater remediation. Recovery rates are reviewed on an annual basis and pump flow rates are adjusted as required. Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 12 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
The affect of the proposed change in abstraction on local and regional water levels were modelled and shown to be negligible (MWES 2013). Changes to the local water levels will continue to be monitored via five dedicated observation bores spread across the production bore field. Data collected in 2018 have shown that the groundwater levels remain within historical levels and regional drawdown (Tronox 2019). The groundwater contamination recovery network is operated in accordance with objectives and targets aligned with remediation of the site and thereby vary in accordance with groundwater quality monitoring results. 4.1.5 Electricity Electricity is supplied from the South West interconnected grid (Synergy). Current consumption is less than 9 MW/h. The increased power requirement attributed to the additional coating removal facilities are summarised on an hourly and annual basis in Table 1 . The Dry Mill component includes the new attritioners, and any new pumps and pump upgrades. The estimated power consumed by the four existing attritioner cells that are to be removed is also included. The new filtration for the Dry Mill slimes has been included as an additional component Table 1. Additional power requirements for the proposal Component Operating hours/year kW kWh/year Dry Mill 7,884 629 4,960,787 Dry Mill Slimes 7,884 41.5 327,843 CausticFiltration Leach Plant 8,504 931 7,920,329
4.1.6 Fuel use Natural gas is supplied via the Dampier to Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline. Current site use is less than 50GJ/hr. 4.1.7 Public infrastructure All feed, products and reagents are transported to the Chandala site via public road. HMC, process waste, ilmenite and coal transport use purpose-built road-trains. Delivery of these materials is conducted in accordance with relevant transportation regulations. Tronox will consult with the Department of Main Roads (Heavy Vehicle Licensing) and the Shire of Chittering in relation to the projected increase in truck haulage movements. 4.1.8 Gaseous waste management The Chandala site has several point sources of emissions to air including: • mineral dryers • baghouses for dust collection • SR kiln. All emissions are controlled to ensure that gaseous and particulate emissions are within acceptable limits. The SR kiln, SR Dryer and SR De-dust have licensed emissions limits (refer to DWER Licence). Additional detail regarding emissions management for the SR kiln and mixed gases from acid leach is provided in the following sections.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 13 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Dust settling The kiln waste gasses pass through a horizontal particulate settling chamber. The particulates collect on hoppers at the base of chamber and are conveyed back to the kiln feed. The main functions of this chamber are to: • Act as a pressure fluctuation compensator • reduce the velocity of the waste gas, aiding in removal of large particulates by gravity • achieve uniformity in relation to waste gas temperature and concentration. Afterburning The settling chamber discharges into a vertical duct comprised of an afterburning chamber and emergency stack. Gases from the acid leaching section are also ducted into this chamber for the effective combustion of contained hydrogen sulphide. The temperature inside the chamber is controlled between 800 and 1000°C which ensures the highest rates of combustion. During this process, the kiln gas is controlled to be slightly reducing so that the heat evolved from the combustion of carbon monoxide is sufficient to maintain temperature for combustion; however, a natural gas support burner is available to ensure efficient combustion temperatures are met. Gas cooling & scrubbing Discharge from the afterburner is cooled and scrubbed prior to atmospheric release. Cooling is conducted by evaporation of recycled scrubber liquor, whilst fine particulates are removed by droplet contact in a high energy venturi scrubber. This process removes sulphur-containing gases by reaction with sodium sulphate contained in the scrubbing liquor, as shown in the following equation:
Na 2SO 3 + H 2O + SO 2 → 2NaHSO 3 The scrubbing liquor is continuously transferred to the WMP for removal of the product of the reaction, sodium bisulphite, within the scrubbing liquor. The return stream from the WMP is slightly higher in alkalinity and any shortfall in this concentration is corrected with concentrated sodium hydroxide. Hydrogen sulphide scrubber A standby mixed gas scrubber is installed at the facility in the event of the kiln, afterburner or waste gas scrubber failing in its operative capacity. This system operates automatically consisting of a ‘wet scrubber’ and induced draught fan discharging into the kiln exhaust stack. 4.2 Additional plant 4.2.1 Mechanical attritioning The DSP currently contains two banks of four cell attritioners. These are closed cell hoppers with high energy agitators that use kinetic energy to remove residual surface coating from minerals. The minerals are attritioned as a water/mineral slurry. The resultant clays fines (which are predominantly ferro alumina silicates,) are separated via cyclones prior to thickening and transfer to the WMP for filtering/pugging and ultimate transport off-site for waste disposal. No chemicals or reagents are used in the mechanical attritioning process. Flocculants (long chain polymers) are used for fines thickening. The existing mechanical attritioning will not remove the coating present on minerals from variable sources to a sufficient extent. As such, the circuit will be upgraded by: • relocating one of the two existing attritioners within the DSP to be used for attritioning Zircon • installing two additional (larger) four cell attritioners for attritioning of HMC
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 14 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
• upgrading associated water and slurry pumps and lines, electrical delivery and process control • installing filter units to dewater residual fines (clays) and recover water for re-use in the process. The key components of the proposed mechanical attritioning upgrade will increase energy intensity and residence time in order to enhance coating removal on HMC and zircon circuits, manage additional clay fines that are generated, and improve water recovery. Total DSP throughput will not increase above current throughput (approximately 85 to 90 tph). Water The installation of filtering for residual clay fines will increase water recirculation within the DSP and decrease overall losses. Currently, clay fines are dewatered using thickeners and pugging. The volume of water currently lost from the Chandala site through fines disposal is in the order of 26 ML/yr (Tronox 2013). Mechanical attritioning will double the mass of clay fines from the DSP. The adoption of mechanical filtering to dewater clay fines will result in a net decrease in water loss of almost 70% to approximately 8 ML/yr. This is achieved by increasing the percentage of solids in clay fines removed from the Chandala site from 25% to 70% (Tronox 2013). Natural gas The mechanical attritioning does not use natural gas. Reagents No additional reagents are required for the proposed mechanical attritioning upgrades. Waste Waste streams resulting from the mechanical attritioning process will be dealt with via existing waste management procedures. The DSP currently produces between 5 and 7 kt of clay fines (slimes) per year which is approximately 2% of the total mass of mineral residue produced at the Chandala site. This residue is thickened and pugged, typically with activated carbon, prior to disposal. This Proposal will increase the volume of clay fines from the DSP to approximately 20 ktpa or approximately 6% of the total volume (excluding increase associated with other projects including SR Expansion) (Tronox 2013). Clay fines will be dewatered via mechanical filtering. This will recover a significantly greater portion of contained water, reducing water losses, demand for pugging media and haulage volumes. Filtercake will be approximately 70% solids to facilitate safe transport and storage. Filtercake will be contained in a sealed bunker prior to loadout to trucks for off-site transport (Tronox 2013). No change will occur to the composition of the clay fines, which is predominately alumina- silicates (clay), as a result of the proposed mechanical attritioning upgrades (Tronox 2013). 4.2.2 Chemical attritioning A pressure caustic leach circuit is proposed to process ilmenite from the DSP. Caustic leaching of ilmenite (including such as that from Dongara & Cooljarloo) improves the reactivity of ilmenite in the SR kiln through the removal of impurities (ferro alumina silicate surface coatings and intrusions) from the ilmenite grains. The process involves slurrying the dried ilmenite from the DSP in a caustic (between 2 and 5% NaOH) solution at higher than atmospheric temperature (up to 200°C) and pressure (approximately 600 kPa). The leaching process would be undertaken within sealed autoclaves (Tronox 2013). Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 15 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
The process liquor and mineral slurry will be heated via steam generated via an onsite boiler. Excess steam, pressure and temperature will be flashed off, mainly within closed circuit, and the stream/condensate returned/recovered to the process. Treated (leached) ilmenite will be dried in a natural gas fired fluidised bed dryer prior to entering the SR process, or being sold. The maximum design ilmenite throughput is 60 t/h and the target average throughput 53.5 t/h (Tronox 2013). Key equipment that would be added or modified for the caustic leaching process includes: • leach vessel – ceramic tile lined autoclave • dedicated process buildings (new), largely enclosed, fully bunded • two filters • natural gas fired fluidised bed dryer including integral baghouse for particulate control (return to process); this will be partially fired with steam if waste heat recovery is implemented • filter belt (ilmenite washing and dewatering post-leaching) • approximately 100 m3 NaOH storage tank • modification to piping and pumping, material transfer equipment (conveyors, hoppers, etc.) • boiler Water Notwithstanding savings made through mechanical filtering and modification to thickeners at the WMP to improve water recovery, the caustic leach circuit increases site water demand by approximately 67 ML/yr. This increase in demand has been allowed for in the approved allocation. Any rainwater falling in the caustic leach plant area will be captured and reused, as all the plant areas are bunded and roadways drain into the plant area to prevent any leakage of caustic fluids into the environment. The volume this may add is estimated at 3 to 4 ML/yr and would displace bore water consumption. Natural gas Two possible sources of energy to produce the required steam in the boiler include: • natural gas • heat recovered from the SR kiln exit gases. The maximum instantaneous consumption of natural gas for all additional equipment for the planned caustic leach circuit (assuming the boiler is natural gas fired) is summarised in Table 2. To meet this demand, the gas supply line would need to be duplicated or otherwise upgraded. Alternatively, if the energy required for the boiler is provided by recovering waste heat from the existing SR kiln, gas consumption is reduced by 40 GJ/hr and can be met via existing supply (Tronox 2013). Table 2. Maximum consumption of additional equipment for attritioning Component Continuous Usage (GJ/h) Caustic Leach Boiler 34.9* Caustic Leach Dryer 20.6 *assumes the boiler is fired using natural gas
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 16 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Reagents The proposed caustic NaOH input is a 50% solution at approximately 1.1 t/hr. Approximately 100 m 3 of storage would be required in addition to the current 60 m 3 of storage at the SR Plant. A packaged boiler system is required to provide approximately 12 t/h of steam at 185°C to the leach pressure vessel. Some steam may also be used for heating process liquor outside of the pressure vessel during a plant start-up from cold conditions. Waste Waste streams resulting from the chemical attritioning process will be dealt with via existing waste management procedures. Resultant wastes will be precipitated from process liquors and then dewatered via mechanical filtering with waste solids removed for disposal off-site. Some flocculation and/or coagulation may be required. Waste solids will comprise alumina- silicates (solid precipitate or gels) and residual caustic soda (very high pH). Within the WMP caustic soda will be recovered from the waste streams via filter belts and process water will be recovered via evaporation and vapour recovery. Lime Kiln dust may be used as a filter aid. Liquor may be bled to maintain caustic concentrations and prevent liquor build-up in the circuit. Bleed will be utilised elsewhere in the circuit of SR Plant or WMP, most probably in the neutralisation of wastes from the acid leach circuit. Waste heat recovery One of the two sources of energy for the steam boiler is to recover heat from the exit gases of the existing SR Kiln. This would direct kiln afterburner exit gases to a boiler. The boiler would initially be used to supply saturated steam to the caustic leach plant for live-injection into the autoclave and use a condensing steam heat exchanger to preheat air for the caustic leach product fluid bed dryer. Heat usage for the caustic leach plant has been based on 25 GJ/hr heat input to the autoclave and 7.5 GJ/hr is considered the maximum steam heat availability for the dryer air preheater. The waste heat recovery boiler system with a partial economiser would deliver 85 GJ/hr of saturated steam at 4100 kPa and 252°C. The excess steam would be condensed in a cooling tower dump condenser arrangement or, if the condensers capacity was exceeded, the balance would be vented to atmosphere. The use of waste heat recovery to heat the caustic leach plant would substantially reduce the need for additional energy sources. Without the use of waste heat recovery, the caustic leach circuit would require additional gas fired boiler. In addition, the waste heat recovery will reduce the temperature of waste gases entering the waste gas scrubber prior to discharge, which will improve the efficiency of the scrubber.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 17 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
5. Environmental management An assessment of the potential emissions and discharges impacts relevant to the construction and operation of the attritioning plant are provided below. 5.1 Environmental management system Tronox has operated the Chandala Site in accordance with an Environmental Management system (EMS) certified against the International Standard ISO 14001 since 2001. The EMS has been developed in the context of Tronox’s Corporate Environmental Performance Standards. The purpose of the EMS is to manage the impact of Tronox’s operations on the environment and ensure that these operations are conducted in accordance with existing legislative requirements. The EMS includes the following corporate standards: • Air Emissions • Biodiversity • Greenhouse Gas & Energy • Housekeeping • Hydrocarbons • Process Waste • Rehabilitation • Stakeholder Management • Waste Management • Water Management The standards are supported by corporate documents and processes, site systems standards, and other key supporting documents. 5.2 Dust emissions There will be no change in the type of emissions and discharges from Tronox’s activities at Chandala. Fugitive dust generated from the Chandala site (stockpiles, drying ponds, roads, etc.) impacts upon the local air quality; however, the increase in fugitive emissions associated with additional material movement is considered minor as much of the material is wet. Dust emissions are managed to comply with Chandala site environmental license requirement of no visible dust crossing the boundary. The existing site management plan will continue to ensure dust emissions from site are managed to acceptable levels. Ongoing ambient total suspended particulate (TSP) monitoring (high volume sampling is undertaken to track dust emissions. 5.3 Air emissions No significant air emissions are expected from the mechanical attritioning; however, further air emissions are expected from the chemical attritioning process, specifically from the fluidised bed dryer and the boiler. The boiler will either be fired using natural gas or a Waste Heat Recovery system using the SR kiln exit gases (the preferred option). The air emissions of these are described in the following sections. Fluidised bed dryer The additional fluidised bed dryer will be similar to the existing SR dryer. The dryer is fired by natural gas and has an integral baghouse that returns any fines into the process stream which minimises particulate emissions. Particulate emissions at the existing SR dryer well below limits set in the current licence (ten-year average of 16.4 mg/m 3 versus limit of 150 mg/m 3), as reported in the recent Chandala Triennial Environmental Report 2016-2018 (Tronox 2019). As
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 18 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019 this dryer is like that proposed for the attritioning, therefore, particulate emissions are expected to be similar to those of the SR dryer. Emissions to air will be controlled by waste gas treatment systems to meet the emission limits prescribed in the current site environmental licence. No SO 2 emissions are expected from the dryer. Current gas consumption at Chandala is 50 GJ/hr and the gas consumption of the dryer is expected to be around 21 GJ/hr. Expected emissions will be primarily NOx and CO. Based on NPI emission rates between 2011 & 2018 for NOx and CO, and dilution rates from SO 2 modelling, the current estimated ground level concentrations (GLCs) are expected to be less than 5% of the NEPM threshold value for NOx (1 hour and annual averaging) at the site boundary and less than 1% for CO. For an increase of gas use by approximately 50% (i.e. more than 21 GJ/hr) for the dryer, the GLCs are still expected to be less than 5% of the NEPM threshold value for NOx (1 hour and annual averaging) at the site boundary and less than 1% for CO. The estimations are provided in Appendix 1. As the predicted estimated GLCs are significantly below the NEPM thresholds, it is not expected that emissions from the dryer will add a significant amount to the overall emissions. Waste heat recovery The feasibility of Waste Heat Recovery to supply the energy required for the boiler is being evaluated. The Waste Heat Recovery would involve taking the hot kiln gases from the SR Plant and using this heat for the chemical attritioning circuit, eliminating the need for a natural gas boiler (as described in the following section). There will either be no change or, more likely, a benefit (reduction) to the existing air emissions from the SR kiln as the Waste Heat Recovery process may enable more efficient treatment of waste gases. As a consequence of the recovery of heat from this stream, the stream will be at a lower temperature than currently experienced (approximately 250ºC from approximately 900ºC). This will cause the resulting plume to be less buoyant; however, as the particulates and SO 2 are below limits set in the licence and the Waste Heat Recovery process will likely further reduce emissions, it is not expected that ground level concentrations will exceed NEPM threshold limits. Natural gas boiler If a natural gas boiler is used, there will be an increase in natural gas use by around 35 GJ/hr above that expected for the Fluidised Bed Dryer, giving a potential total of an extra 56 GJ/hr of natural gas to be used at Chandala. Air emissions will contain NOx and CO, and these will be managed/mitigated using similar technology as currently used on the existing boiler at Chandala. Based on current NPI emission rates between 2011 & 2018 for NOx and CO, and dilution rates from SO 2 modelling, the current estimated ground level concentrations (GLCs) are expected to be less than 5% of the NEPM threshold value for NOx (1 hour and annual averaging) at the site boundary and less than 1% for CO. For an increase of gas use by approximately 150% (i.e. more than 56 GJ/hr) for the dryer, the GLCs are expected to be less than 10% of the NEPM threshold value for NOx (1 hour and annual averaging) at the site boundary and less than 1% for CO. The estimations are provided in Appendix 1 . As the predicted GLCs are significantly below the NEPM thresholds, it is not expected that emissions from the boiler will add a significant amount to the overall emissions.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 19 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Diesel boiler During commissioning and initial plant testing (for a period of approximately six months), Tronox may install and operate a diesel fired boiler to supply steam for the chemical attritioning circuit. This will be a temporary measure to allow commissioning of the plant. Pollution control The main components of the process are: • Attritioning • Leached Ilmenite: Fluidised Bed Dryer (integrated baghouse for the control of particulates) • Waste Heat Recovery – particulate control, scrubber • Boiler (gas or diesel) • Venting steam from Leach Vessels • Cooling tower/s. The components which may require pollution control are the scrubber for the Fluidised Bed Dryer, the Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) and the Boiler (if WHR is not used). For the other components, the following provides some justification of why air pollution control is not considered necessary: 1. Attritioning; attritioning is a wet process and has no associated emissions to air. 2. Venting steam from Leach Vessels; no air emission control required as the only steam is vented and will be vented only in emergency situations. 3. Cooling tower/s; no emission control required as all that would be emitted would be water. The following specifications are estimates based on figures in the Pre-feasibility; the Detailed Feasibility Report for the project will likely provide further information on the specifications for components and this information would be updated when this report is available. Leached ilmenite: fluidised bed dryer (particulate control) The proposed fluidised bed dryer or leached ilmenite will be similar to the existing HMC drier within the Dry Separation Plant. This will include an integrated baghouse for the control of particulates from the drier exhaust. Continuous process monitoring and control logic will be applied to the pressure differential across the bag filters to ensure effective particulate control.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 20 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Waste heat recovery The WHR circuit would require two heat exchangers (Boiler and Economiser) and a scrubber. The parameters and design criteria are presented in Table 3 and Table 4 respectively. Table 3. Waste heat recovery circuit: heat exchangers Equipment Parameter Design Criteria Boiler Gas in (temperature) 900ºC Gas out (temperature) 600ºC Saturated steam 85 GJ/h Steam temperature 185ºC Economiser Gas in (temperature) 600ºC Gas out (temperature) 550ºC Water in (temperature) 120ºC Water out (temperature) 200ºC Gas flow 85,000 Nm 3/h
Some of the particulates in the hot kiln gases will drop out through this process and will be collected using inverted pyramidal hoppers. Scrubber The SR kiln exist gases will be subject to emission controls like the existing process to control key species; particulates and sulphur dioxide. The main change is that the boiler and economiser will strip energy (heat) from the gas stream (and particulates). As a result, the entry temperature of gases reporting to the dual-alkali scrubber will reduce (from approximate 900°C to 250°C). Table 4. Waste heat recovery circuit: scrubber Parameter Design Criteria Scrubber efficiency (SO ₂ removal) >80% Total liquor to scrubber & demister 400 m3/h SO ₂ content of stack gas <20 g/s Total dissolved solids <220 g/L Inlet temperature 250ºC Exit gas volume 85, 000 Nm3/h Exit gas temperature 80ºC
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Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Boiler The parameters and design criteria for the proposed natural gas fired boiler are presented in Table 5. Table 5. Natural gas fired boiler Parameter Design Criteria Rated Continuous Capacity 12 ,000 kW Temperature 185°C Efficiency 80% (minimum) Design pressure 1,200 kPa Maximum operating pressure 1,000 kPa Burner Type and model Low NOX Turndown ratio 10:1 standard Stack 16 m stainless steel
Diesel boiler (short –term use) A diesel boiler may be used in the short term while the circuit is being commissioned. The boiler will be sized during detailed feasibility to provide steam at 185°C, and the boiler will be sourced with best practicable pollution control systems for its size and configuration. 5.4 Odour emissions There will be no odour emissions directly related to the construction or operation of the Proposal. The existing site management plan will continue to ensure odour emissions are monitoring and managed to acceptable levels 5.5 Light overspill This proposal will not change the existing plant light footprint to any notable extent. Construction and operation of the Proposal is not expected to result in significant light overspill impacts. When operating at night, lighting will be restricted to that necessary for occupational health and safety requirements and will be designed to restrict light overspill as far as is practicable. 5.6 Noise and vibration A noise model was prepared in 2011 for the operations at the Chandala site. There is potential for an increase in the noise emitted from the additional plant to be installed. An updated model has been generated by SVT Engineering Consultants (SVT) to assess whether noise levels at sensitive receptors comply with assigned levels as per the Environmental Protection (Noise) Regulations 1997. The SVT (2013) report is provided in Appendix 2 . The SVT (2013) report modelled the Proposal along with the processing equipment associated with concurrent approval applications as described in Section 2.3.2 . The results show that, the total noise emission from the plant is predicted to increase by approximately 5.3 dB from that predicted in 2011. The sensitive receptors have remained the same as originally assessed in 2011 ( Table 6 and Figure 4 ). Noise inputs for new equipment associated with the expansion were estimated based on equipment lists and general arrangement drawings. Only significant noise emitters were included in the model and equipment located in the same area have been grouped and modelled as one source to simplify the inputs into the model.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 22 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Table 6. Noise sensitive receivers No. Rece ptor R1 Bergalla R2 Duce (not inhabited and considered uninhabitable) R3 Farm House R4 Fewster on Brand Highway R5 Fewster on Northern Highway R6 McLellans R7 Saunders
Sound power levels (SPL) for noise sources included in the model were estimated based on: • supplier noise data - where available • noise levels previously assessed at similar pieces of equipment operating at the Chandala plant - if applicable • SVT in-house database of noise emissions for similar plant equipment. The results of the model are shown in Table 7. The modelling results showed a predicted increase of 2.3 dB to 4.5 dB in received noise levels at the sensitive receivers assessed from the 2011 model and shows that, for worst case conditions, noise levels at all the sensitive receivers assessed are expected to comply with the assigned levels after the expansion. However, although the predicted levels are within the limits set by the regulations, noise control measures will be implemented to minimise the environmental noise impact from the expansion. Noise control measures will be focussed on the equipment that provides a major contribution as listed in Section 3.3 of Appendix 2 .
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 23 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Table 7. Predicted noise levels at sensitive receivers Noise levels (dB(A)) Daytime Evening Night-time Assigned 2011 Expansion Assigned 2011 Expansion Assigned 2011 Expansion LA 10 LA 10 LA 10
R1 45 25.4 29.4 40 25.9 29.4 35 25.9 29.9 R2 1 56 36.2 39.1 51 36.5 39.1 46 36.6 39.3 R3 45 28.9 33.4 40 29.3 33.4 35 29.3 33.8 R4 45 31.2 33.5 40 31.6 33.5 35 31.6 33.9 R5 45 18.9 23.8 40 19.6 23.8 35 19.6 24.5 R6 45 22.5 27.3 40 23.0 27.3 35 23.0 27.9 R7 45 22.9 27.1 40 23.4 27.1 35 23.4 27.6 1 Assigned levels for R2 include an estimated influencing factor of 11 dB calculated as per Schedule 3 of the regulations and Land use zoning. The high influencing factor is since a large portion of the area around R2 is owned by Tronox (SVT, 2013) Mitigating noise from these sources will be considered during tendering and detailed construction engineering, and may include:
• completely or partially enclosing conveyor belts, agitators, and fans • cladding the internal lining of buildings associated with noise sources by using noise attenuating materials • selecting low noise options for items identified as significant contributors • placing noisy items as close to ground level as reasonably practicable to minimise noise propagation to sensitive receivers • installing noisy items behind existing buildings/structures as these can be used as natural barriers to reduce the amount of noise received at sensitive receivers. 5.7 Discharges to surface water All stormwater and wash-down water on site are collected by a network of drainage channels (including silt traps and oil water separator appropriately) and fed into a main and secondary stormwater pond. Contaminated water is therefore contained on-site and recycled to the SR Plant wet circuit. The additional processing to be conducted on-site will be managed within the existing surface water management protocols with no changes to impacts to surface water predicted 5.8 Discharges to land No planned discharges to land are associated with the construction or operation of the Proposal. Chandala is an operational site and the Proposal will be added within existing infrastructure, resulting in no additional discharges to land. The existing site management plan will continue to ensure discharges to land are monitoring and managed.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 24 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
5.9 Hazardous material storage The site is listed as a contaminated site under the Contaminated Sites Act 2003 due to contamination of soils and groundwater with hydrocarbons, ammonium and sulphate salts. The site is classified as “contaminated – remediation required” and has been determined suitable for continued commercial/industrial land use. The status, management or nature of the contamination is not expected to change as a result of the proposed works. 5.10 Radiation The materials processed in the production of the Proposal are not expected to contain any significant radiological content. Radiation is monitored at several locations around the perimeter of the Chandala area of operations and particular categories of workers are monitored for radiation exposure. Radiation exposure will be minimised and managed through implementation of the existing Radiation Management Plan (Tronox 2019a) which subscribes to the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle. Management measures include staff training, standard work procedures, dust control and capture, spill control, access control and strict waste management procedures.\ The existing radiation management plan will continue to be applied to ensure that radiation is monitored and managed. To date, groundwater monitoring has shown no detectable increase in radionuclide content since pre-operational monitoring and stack monitoring consistently reports emissions well within the operational control limits required by the DWER. Importantly, worker monitoring consistently reports radiation doses within statutory limits (Tronox 2019a) 5.11 Solid/liquid waste Solid/liquid waste Solid waste material from the mineral processing operations of the Chandala site is transported back to the Cooljarloo Mine for disposal in the Class III licensed landfill, in accordance with requirements of the EP Act. Waste streams are analysed to ensure that they conform to the Class III requirements of the landfill. Non-processing wastes are recycled, reused or disposed of at appropriately licensed landfill sites. This Proposal will increase the volume of slimes waste from the DSP to approximately 20 ktpa or approximately 6% of the total volume (excluding increase associated with other projects). This additional waste generated from the Proposal will be managed within current waste licence requirements and existing management procedures to ensure that additional environmental impacts are negligible. Liquid wastes are managed within the WMP as described in Section 4.1.3. 5.12 Native vegetation clearing Approximately 0.2 ha of clearing is required for the proposal. This clearing will affect a combination of very degraded remnant vegetation, road and firebreak. This is below the requisite amount (1 ha) of clearing that requires a native vegetation clearing permit
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 25 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
5.13 Aboriginal heritage While several Aboriginal heritage sites occur in the vicinity of the Expansion Proposal, only Registered Site 20008, Gingin Brook Waggyl Mythological Site overlaps the proposal area. The Registered site is associated with the nearby Chandala Brook. The Expansion Proposal does not involve any ground disturbing activities that will impact Chandala Brook or any land outside of the existing plant footprint. The land being developed has been subject to extensive prior disturbance during the initial plant construction in 1988 and 1989 and includes a sealed pad that has been previously backfilled to approximately 1 m above the natural ground level. As a result, Aboriginal heritage is not a factor for this proposal. Tronox has previously engaged with the local Noongar group (the Yued people) regarding the heritage values of the Chandala site and completed surveys as part of this consultation. No sites of Aboriginal heritage significance were identified in this process within the proposal footprint. 5.14 Commissioning Commissioning will take appropriately three to six months and is anticipated to begin around February 2022 and be completed November 2022. The commissioning will involve running the bed dryer and the boiler at various capacities, including full capacity for a time, to test whether the machinery has been built to design specifications (i.e. noise emissions, reagent use, etc) and to rectify any issues (i.e. safety issues such as ensuring machinery operates within set temperature/pressure) that may arise during the testing. To test the new plant, a 10 MW diesel engine will be installed in place of the boiler (for either Waste Heat Recovery or gas fired, whichever is ultimately chosen). This is temporary until the boiler is commissioned.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 26 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
6. References Australian Groundwater Consultants (AGS) 1988, Hydraulic and hydrological aspects of the site and operations at the synthetic rutile plant Muchea, prepared for TiO2 Corporation NL and Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation Joint Venture, Perth, WA. Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) 1988, Synthetic Rutile Plant, Muchea – Report and Recommendations of the Environmental Protection Authority, Bulletin No. 369, Perth, WA. Maunsell and Partners Pty Ltd (Maunsell) 1988, Synthetic Rutile Plant at Muchea, Public Environmental Report, prepared for TiO2 Corporation NL and Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation Joint Venture, Perth, WA. Mitchell D 2002, Swan Coastal Plan 2 (SWA2-Swan Coastal Plain subregion) A biodiversity audit of Western Australia’s 53 Biogeographical subregions in 2002, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, WA. MWES Consulting and Hydrosearch Pty Ltd (MWES) 2013, Application to Amend Licence GWL59054 Tronox Gnangara Borefield H1 Hydrogeology Report Chandala Synthetic Rutile Plant, prepared for Tronox Pty Ltd, Bentley, WA. SVT Engineering Consultants 2013, Chandala Graded Sands and Coating Removal Expansion – Noise Model Update, unpublished report prepared for Tronox Pty Ltd, Perth, WA. Tiwest Joint Venture (Tiwest) 1995a, Synthetic Rutile Plant at Chandala; Production Debottlenecking to 200,000 Tonne Per Annum, Section 46 Public Review Document, Bentley, WA. Tiwest Joint Venture (Tiwest) 1995b, Triennial report 1992-1994 Chandala mineral sands and synthetic rutile plant, Bentley, WA. Tiwest Joint Venture (Tiwest) 2009, Tiwest Chandala coal and ilmenite stockpile mining proposal, Bentley, WA. Tronox Management Pty Ltd (Tronox) 2013, Project Definition: Chandala Mineral Coating Removal Memo, 24 July 2013, Bentley, WA. Tronox Management Pty Ltd (Tronox) 2019, Triennial Environmental Report 2016-2019 Chandala Processing Plant, Muchea, WA. Tronox Management Pty Ltd (Tronox) 2019a, Radiation Management Plan for Tronox – Northern Operations, submitted to the State Mining Engineer, June 2019.
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 27 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Figure 1. Regional Location
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 28 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Figure 2. Site Location
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 29 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Figure 3. Mean rainfall in the Chandala area
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 30 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Figure 4. Mean temperatures in the Chandala area
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 31 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Figure 5. Chandala plant & noise sensitive receivers
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 32 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Appendix 1 Nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide estimations The estimates of potential nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from the proposed attritioning activities have been calculated using the current NPI data for NOx and CO, and estimating potential ground level concentrations (GLCs) from these data and comparing them to relevant National Environmental Protection (Ambient Air Quality) Measure (NEPM) 2015 threshold GLCs.
Method: To find the estimated GLCs, the GLC for SO 2 (from previous modelling at the site) was divided by the SO2 emission rate to find the ratio of dilution (i.e. dilution factors). The NPI data was converted from kg/year to g/s, and these numbers were then divided by the appropriate dilution factor. This then gives the estimated GLCs for NO x and CO to compare to the NEPM threshold GLCs. The peak values from Tronox Chandala NPI data between 2011 & 2018 were used.
The main assumptions in the calculations were: • the NPI values considered total and fugitive emissions, which is a more conservative estimate of emissions • the relationship between gas usage and the emission rates are directly proportional to each other • the dilution factors are averaged • the 8-hour averaging period threshold for CO has been compared to a 1-hour averaging period, which is conservative for the estimated GLC for CO • all NOx is considered to be NO 2 for the comparison to the NEPM thresholds. The results given are approximate and could be under-predicting the actual amounts that may be emitted; however, it is noted that if the fuel usage is 10 times the amount used currently, the estimated GLCs are still well below the NEPM thresholds (i.e. 33% of NO x 1 hour average NEPM threshold).
Tronox Chandala NPI Data
Oxides of Nitrogen (NO x) Carbon monoxide (CO) Year kg/year g/s kg/year g/s 2011 72,457 2.3 210,512 6.7 2012 71,463 2.3 206,439 6.5 2013 75,411 2.4 207,828 6.6 2014 70,860 2.2 172,014 5.5 2015 71,958 2.3 193,750 6.1 2016 63,935 2.0 182,965 5.8 2017 68,686 2.2 192,092 6.1 2018 62,975 2.0 176,964 5.6
NEPM (2015) Thresholds Parameter Averaging Limit GLC CO 8 hours 9.0 ppm 11,250 µg/m 3 1 hour 0.12 ppm 246 µg/m 3 NOx 1 year 0.03 ppm 62 µg/m 3
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Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Dilution Factors
Site boundary Predicted Scenario (from dilution GLC at Site SO 2 emission rate (g/s) Averaging previous factor ratio Boundary for normal operation period modelling at (SO 2 GLC for SO 2 Chandala) /the SO 2 (μg/m 3) emission rate) Current 85 Current 361 0.28 Existing 1 hour One SR dryer 364 0.28 Plant One SR dryer 15 Average 0.28 Current 85 Current 10.6 9.43 Proposed One SR dryer 18.3 annual One SR dryer 11.5 8.98 Expansion Two SR dryers 12.7 8.98 Two SR dryers 3.3 Average 8.94
GLCs for NOx and CO at the site boundary
Estimated emission for Estimated emission for current emissions and current emissions, Current emissions Fluidised bed dryer Fluidised bed dryer and NEPM (+50% more natural boiler (+150% more Parameter threshold gas) natural gas) (μg/m 3) Estimated Estimated Estimated percent of percent of percent of GLC GLC GLC NEPM NEPM NEPM (μg/m 3) (μg/m 3) (μg/m 3) CO 11,250 23.46 0.21% 35.19 0.31% 58.65 0.52% 246 8.54 3.47% 12.86 5.23% 21.40% 8.70% NOx 62 0.27 0.43% 0.40 0.65% 0.67% 1.08%
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 34 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
Works Approval Application Chandala Processing Plant: August 2019
Appendix 2 Chandala Graded Sands & coating Removal Expansion – Noise Model Update
Tronox Management Pty Ltd Lot 22 Mason Road Kwinana Beach 6167 Page 35 of 35 Perth, Western Australia T 9411 1444 www.tronox.com
CHANDALA COATING REMOVAL EXPANSION NOISE MODEL UPDATE
TRONOX 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013
www.svt.com.au
Head Office: Perth, Western Australia Acoustics Corrosion Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Performance Monitoring Vibration Melbourne, Australia Advanced Engineering Services R&D Training Machine Condition Monitoring Structural Dynamics Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
DOCUMENT CONTROL & REVIEW INFORMATION
Client: Tronox
Client Contact: Nick Sibbel / Pieter Beukes
SVT Contact: Renzo Karsdorp
SVT Office: Perth
SVTJob No: 1253972
SVT Document No: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013
Rev Description Prepared Reviewed Date
1 Final version issued to client Renzo Karsdorp Nick Sibbel 16 OCT 2013
1A Draft Circulated For Comments Renzo Karsdorp Jim McLoughlin 2 OCT 2013
Nick Sibbel Final version issued to client Maeli Cherel 20 FEB 13 0 Peter Forster
A Draft circulated for comments Maeli Cherel Paul Keswick 21 DEC 12
SVT Engineering Consultants ABN: 18 122 767 944
SVT Perth (HEAD OFFICE) SVT Brisbane Office SVT Kuala Lumpur Office SVT Bangkok Office 112 Cambridge Street Level 5, 320 Adelaide St SVT Engineering Malaysia Sdn Bhd SVT Engineering Consultants (Thailand) West Leederville WA 6007 Brisbane, Queensland 4000 No A-2-6, Jalan SS7/13B, Aman Seri, Kelana MD Tower Bangna Complex Australia Australia Jaya, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia Bangna, Bangkok 10260, Thailand
Tel: + 61 (0)8 9489 2000 Tel: +61 (0)7 3010 9528 Tel: +6.03.7877.2690 Tel: +66 02 1864 961 Fax: + 61 (0)8 9489 2088 Fax: +61 (0)7 3010 9001 Fax: +6.03.7877.2689 Fax: +66 02 1864 960 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 Page I Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DOCUMENT CONTROL & REVIEW INFORMATION ...... I
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... II
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Applicable Documents ...... 1 2. NOISE MODEL UPDATE ...... 2 2.1 Modelling Scenarios ...... 2 2.2 Meteorological Conditions ...... 2 2.3 Noise-Sensitive Receivers ...... 3 2.4 Noise Source Emission Data ...... 4 3. NOISE MODELLING RESULTS ...... 5 3.1 Plant Noise Emissions ...... 5 3.2 Received Noise Levels ...... 5 3.3 Noise Source Contributions ...... 6 4. NOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 8
5. NOISE CONTROL SUGGESTIONS ...... 9
6. CONCLUSIONS ...... 10
APPENDIX A : NOISE SOURCE CONTRIBUTIONS AT R2, R3 AND R4 (EXISTING & PROPOSED) ...... A-1
APPENDIX B : SOUND POWER LEVELS AND OCTAVE BAND DATA FOR EXPANSION NOISE SOURCES ...... B-1
APPENDIX C : INFLUENCING FACTOR- DUCE RESIDENCE ...... C-6
APPENDIX D : NOISE CONTOURS ...... D-7
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 Page II Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
1. INTRODUCTION Tronox is proposing to expand their Chandala operations located approximately 50km North of Perth, WA. SVT Engineering Consultants (SVT) was contracted by Tronox to undertake a noise impact assessment of the proposed expansion.
In conducting the assessment SVT undertook the following:
A review of the existing model which includes additional equipment from a previously modelled Synthetic Rutile expansion (SVT 20131);
Update of the existing noise model to include additional equipment from the proposed Caustic Leach, Attritioning and Waste Heat Recovery expansion projects (here forth collectively referred to as the „expansion‟);
Determine the contribution of noise emissions from the expansion by comparing predicted noise levels from this assessment with those predicted in 2011; and
Re-assess whether noise levels at sensitive receivers comply with assigned levels as per the Environmental Protection (Noise) Regulations 1997 (Regulations).
1.1 Applicable Documents SVT Document: A0507003 „Detailed Noise Model Update of the Tiwest Chandala Plant‟. 8 July 2005.
SVT Document: Rpt01-07237Rev0-11 Feb 2008 „Noise Model Update of the Tiwest Chandala Plant‟ (2007 Update).
SVT Document: Rpt01-1053047-Rev0-23 May 2011 „Noise Model Update of the Tiwest Chandala Plant‟ (2011 Update).
SVT Document Rpt03-1253972-3-Rev0-Feb 2013 „Tronox - Chandala SR Expansion- Noise Model Update‟
1 • SVT Document Rpt03-1253972-3-Rev0-Feb 2013 „Tronox - Chandala SR Expansion- Noise Model Update‟
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2. NOISE MODEL UPDATE The existing noise model was last updated in 2012 using the Soundplan V7.1 noise prediction software. The software calculates sound pressure levels at nominated receiver locations and produces noise contours over a defined area of interest. The inputs required are: noise source data, topographical elevation data, meteorological data, and receiver locations.
Noise levels at nominated noise sensitive receivers were predicted using the CONCAWE2 algorithm under worst-case daytime and night-time meteorological conditions as specified in the EPA Draft Guidance No.8. Noise contours are presented in Appendix D.
SVT notes that since 2005 ground topographical data, meteorological data, and existing receiver locations have remained the same and that a verification of the model, including site based verification measurements has been undertaken in 2011.
The previous model includes all existing high noise sources of the Dry Plant and SR Plant as measured and last updated in the 2011 report, as well as additional processing equipment associated with the SR expansion as previously modelled scenario 1 in SVT Document Rpt03- 1253972-3-Rev0-Feb 2013 „Tronox - Chandala SR Expansion- Noise Model Update‟.
2.1 Modelling Scenarios The scenario modelled includes the previous modelled scenario 13 (SR Expansion as per SVT 2013) and the additional equipment associated with the Attritioning, Caustic Leach and Waste Heat Recovery expansions (Expansion).
Of the two SR expansion scenarios modelled in SVT 2013 scenario 1 (SR Expansion) predicted high sound power level outputs.
2.2 Meteorological Conditions Since the Tronox Chandala plant operates on a 24 hour basis, noise levels have been predicted based on worst-case daytime and night-time meteorological conditions defined in the EPA Draft Guidance Note N.8. These are shown below.
Table 2-1 Worst-case meteorological conditions for noise emission
Time of day Pasquil Stability Wind speed Temperature (˚C) Relative Humidity
Day (0700-1900) Class ‘E” 4m/s 20˚C 50%
Evening (1900-2200) Class ‘E” 4m/s 20˚C 50%
Night (2200-0700) Class ‘F” 3m/s 15˚C 50%
2The propagation of noise from petroleum and petrochemical complexes to neighbouring communities, CONCAWE (Conservation of Clean Air and Water in Europe) Report 4/81,1981.
3 As previously modelled scenario 1 in SVT Document Rpt03-1253972-3-Rev0-Feb 2013 „Tronox - Chandala SR Expansion- Noise Model Update‟
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2.3 Noise-Sensitive Receivers Noise levels were predicted at the seven receivers within proximity of the site. The locations and coordinates of receptors assessed are presented in Table 2-2 and Figure 2-1.
Table 2-2 Receiver co-ordinates (Lat, Long)
Ref # Receiver Coordinates
R1 Bergalla 31° 33.306'S, 115° 58.077'E
R2 Duce 31° 31.519'S, 115° 57.201'E
R3 Farm House 31° 32.778'S, 115° 58.869'E
R4 Fewster on Brand Highway 31° 31.301'S, 115° 57.045'E
R5 Fewster on Northen Highway 31° 33.183'S, 115° 59.756'E
R6 McLellans 31° 33.210'S, 115° 59.384'E
R7 Saunders 31° 33.170'S, 115° 56.906'E
R4 Fewster
R2 Duce
Tronox
R3 Farmhouse
R5 Fewster R6 McLellans R1 Bergalla
R7 Saunders
Figure 2-1 Satellite image of Chandala plant and noise sensitive receivers assessed
SVT notes that R2 (Duce) is not and has not been habited for some time, nor is it currently considered habitable.
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2.4 Noise Source Emission Data The current noise model includes noise from existing sources as well as additional equipment from the proposed expansion.
In undertaking this assessment, SVT has assumed that there have been no significant changes to plant operations since the last assessment in 2011. Therefore no modifications were made to noise inputs for existing noise sources4.
Noise inputs for new equipment associated with the expansion were estimated based on equipment lists and general arrangement drawings provided by Tronox. In accordance with Tronox, the equipment lists were simplified so that:
only significant noise emitters have been included in the model; and
equipment located in the same area have been grouped and modelled as one source.
Sound power levels (SWL) for noise sources included in the model were estimated based on:
supplier noise data - where available; or
noise levels previously assessed at similar pieces of equipment operating at the Chandala plant- if applicable; or
SVT‟s in house database of noise emissions for similar plant equipment.
A summary of noise sources associated with the proposed expansion and its associated octave band data is included in Appendix B.
4 Refer to Rpt01-1053047-Rev0-23 May 2011 for existing source SWLs.
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3. NOISE MODELLING RESULTS
3.1 Plant Noise Emissions The cumulative plant SWL (including the dry plant) was calculated for each scenario and compared to plant noise emissions as assessed in 2011.
Table 3-1 Predicted cumulative sound power levels for existing plant and proposed expansion
Predicted SWL dB(A) Cumulative plant Cumulative proposed new equipment Predicted Cumulative plant (SR 2011 SR Expansion Expansion expansion & Expansion) 115.7 117.4 115.3 121.0
The results show that, the total noise emission from the plant is predicted to increase by approximately 5.3 dB from that predicted in 2011.
3.2 Received Noise Levels Table 3-2 compares current overall predicted noise levels with those predicted in 2011 for each receiver assessed for worst-case meteorological noise emission conditions. Noise contours for are included in Appendix D.
Table 3-2 Comparison of predicted noise levels at sensitive receivers
Predicted Noise Levels dB(A) Daytime Evening Night-time Residents SR SR SR 2011 Expansion 2011 Expansion 2011 Expansion Expansion Expansion Expansion
R1 25.4 28.4 29.4 25.9 28.4 29.4 25.9 28.9 29.9
R2 36.2 38.5 39.1 36.5 38.5 39.1 36.6 38.7 39.3
R3 28.9 32.9 33.4 29.3 32.9 33.4 29.3 33.4 33.8
R4 31.2 33.0 33.5 31.6 33 33.5 31.6 33.4 33.9
R5 18.9 23.1 23.8 19.6 23.1 23.8 19.6 23.8 24.5
R6 22.5 26.8 27.3 23.0 26.8 27.3 23.0 27.4 27.9
R7 22.9 25.8 27.1 23.4 25.8 27.1 23.4 26.3 27.6
The predicted increase in received noise levels following the SR expansion are presented in the table below.
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Table 3-3 Predicted Increase in received noise levels [dB(A)] after SR expansion
Predicted change in received level after Resident implementation of proposed expansion SR Expansion Expansion
R1 3 4
R2 2.1 2.7
R3 4.1 4.5
R4 1.8 2.3
R5 4.2 4.9
R6 4.4 4.9
R7 2.9 4.2
The modelling results show a predicted increase after the expansion:
2.3 dB to 4.5 dB increase in received noise levels at the residences assessed; and
0.3 dB to 1.3 dB increase in received noise levels at the residences when compared with the previous modelled SR Expansion.
The highest impact is predicted to be at those receivers situated south of the plant. The most significant increase were noted at R5 and R6 (Fewster and McLellans). The increase in noise levels at R5 is primarily due to contribution from the proposed input and discharge conveyors. At R6 it is primarily due to the South façade of the HMC Pre-screen Building.
3.3 Noise Source Contributions The major contributors to received levels have been assessed at the three residences with the highest predicted noise levels (R2, R3, R4) where the most significant increase in noise levels was predicted. The current model indicates that the besides the items identified in the 2011 noise assessment and the 2012 SR expansion, the most significant contributors to noise received at R2, R3 and R4 are the noise sources associated with the Attritioning building.
In order to understand which items of proposed equipment contribute most significantly to the predicted increase in noise levels, SVT assessed contributions from new equipment in isolation of the existing equipment and previous proposed expansion of the SR plant. The five highest contributors are listed and ranked below along with associated contribution levels. The equipment listed in the tables below should be, in order of priority (ie ranking 1 is the highest priority), the main focus in reducing the impact on noise received at nearby residences.
Table 3-4 to Table 3-6 show that, of the proposed new equipment, Attritioning, located in the HMC Pre-screen building, is expected to be the main contributor to the increase in night-time noise levels predicted at R2, R3, and R4. Other new sources such as the additional conveyors, cooling tower fan and sources inside the Filter Plate Building are also expected to contribute significantly to the predicted increase in received noise levels.
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Receiver 2- Duce
Table 3-4 Major noise source contributions at R2
New Noise Sources Contribution dB(A)
1 HMC Pre-screen Building (West) 26.8
2 HMC Pre-screen Building (North) 25.4
3 HMC Pre-screen Building (Roof) 20.7
4 P53-VZ-01 Cooling Tower Fan 15.3
5 Filter Belt Building (West) 10.8
Receiver 3- Farmhouse
Table 3-5 Major noise source contributions at R3
New Noise Sources Contribution dB(A)
1 HMC Pre-screen Building (South) 18.5
2 Filter Belt Building (East) 13.2
3 P41-CV-003 conveyor 12.4
4 52-HP-002 11.8
5 52-CV-001 11.6
Receiver 4- Fewster on Brand Highway
Table 3-6 Major noise source contributions at R4
New Noise Sources Contribution dB(A)
1 HMC Pre-screen Building (West) 21.1
2 HMC Pre-screen Building (North) 19.9
3 HMC Pre-screen Building (Roof) 14.8
4 P53-VZ-01 Cooling Tower Fan 10.4
5 Filter Belt Building (West) 5.3
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4. NOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT SVT assessed the predicted received noise levels for compliance against assigned levels specified in the regulations. The current predicted and assigned levels are shown in the table below. The levels shown are from the cumulative emission of existing plant, proposed SR expansion and the newly proposed Graded Sands & Coating Removal expansion at the Chandala plant.
Table 4-1 Assigned and Predicted Levels from noise emissions following the SR Expansion
Noise Levels dB(A) Daytime Evening Night-time
Assigned L Assigned L Assigned L Assigned
SR Expansion SR SR Expansion
Expansion Expansion Expansion
Residents Expansion
AS10 AS10 AS10
R1 45 28 29 40 28 29 35 29 30
R25 56 39 39 51 39 39 46 39 39
R3 45 33 33 40 33 33 35 33 34 R4 45 33 34 40 33 34 35 33 34
R5 45 23 24 40 23 24 35 24 25
R6 45 27 27 40 27 27 35 27 28 R7 45 26 27 40 26 27 35 26 28
The modelling indicates that for worst case conditions, noise levels at all the sensitive receivers assessed are expected to comply with the assigned levels after the expansion.
5 Assigned levels for R2 include an estimated influencing factor of 11 dB calculated as per Schedule 3 of the regulations and Land use zoning map provided by Tronox. The high influencing factor is due to the fact that a large portion of the area around R2 is owned by Tronox (see Appendix D for calculation details).
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5. NOISE CONTROL SUGGESTIONS Although the predicted levels are within the limits set by the regulations, noise control measures could be implemented to minimise the environmental noise impact from the expansion, noise control measures should be focussed on the equipment listed in Section 3.3.
Basic suggestions for mitigating noise from these sources include:
Completely or partially enclosing conveyor belts, agitators, and fans;
Clad the internal lining of buildings associated with noise sources with noise attenuating materials;
Selecting low noise options for items identified as significant contributors;
Placing noisy items as close to ground level as reasonably practicable to minimise noise propagation to sensitive receivers; and/or
Installing noisy items behind existing buildings/ structures. Existing structures can be used as natural barriers to reduce the amount of noise received as those receivers where highest noise levels have been predicted.
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 9 Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
6. CONCLUSIONS The Tronox Chandala noise model was updated to include new equipment associated with the proposed Attritioning and Caustic Leach plant expansion.
Based on predictions from the updated model, noise levels associated with the existing plant, proposed SR expansion and current expansion are expected to meet the regulations assigned levels at all receivers assessed.
Nevertheless, the expansion is expected to have some on impact on plant noise emissions and received levels as the current assessment shows that since the 2011 noise model update, plant sound power levels are predicted to increase by 5 dB after the completion of the previously modelled SR expansion and the currently modelled Attritioning and Caustic Leach Expansion. The increase in sound power levels will result in and approximate increase of received noise levels of 3 dB to 5 dB at the nearby residences.
The main contributors to the predicted increase in noise levels at the closest receivers are:
The additional equipment associated with the Attritioning expansion; and
Input and Discharge conveyors.
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APPENDIX A : NOISE SOURCE CONTRIBUTIONS AT R2, R3 AND R4 (EXISTING & PROPOSED)
Predicted noise contribution Laeq dB(A) Source R2 R3 R4
52-AG-001 -9.9 -21.9 -15.1
52-AG-002 -8.9 -12.6 -14.1
52-AG-003 -12 -3.3 -12.9
52-AG-004 -11.5 -5 -16.5
52-AG-005 -19.3 -23.3 -24.5
52-AG-012 -19.7 -1 -24.7
52-AG-050 -19.7 -14.8 -24.7
52-CV-001 4.5 11.6 -0.7
52-CV-002 2.7 0.9 -2.4
52-CV-003 4.9 12.4 -0.4
52-cv-006 1.6 10.7 -3.5
52-FE-002 -36.2 -40.2 -41.3
52-HP-002 -6.8 11.8 -12.5
52-HP-002 -36.4 -40.2 -41.5
52-HP-004 -36.2 -20.8 -41.3
52-PP-001 -10.2 -15.3 -15.5
52-PP-002 -12.5 -16 -17.9
52-PP-005 -10.1 -15.7 -15.4
52-PP-006 -8.6 -15.5 -14
52-PP-007 -8.6 -13 -14
52-PP-008 -1.2 -15.1 -6.3
52-PP-009 -10.2 4.6 -15.4
52-PP-010 -11.4 4.7 -16.7
52-PP-011 -12.4 -13.9 -17.7
52-PP-012 -10.9 4.6 -16.2
52-PP-012 -12.4 -12.5 -17.6
52-PP-020 -11 4.6 -16.4
52-PP-021 -10.4 4.6 -15.5
52-PP-024 9 -15.1 -5
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Predicted noise contribution Laeq dB(A) Source R2 R3 R4
52-PP-025 -10.1 -16.4 -15.4
52-PP-026 -12.9 -7.5 -18.2
52-PP-027 -12.9 -10.5 -18.1
52-PP-029 -12.9 6 -18.1
52-PP-031 -11.7 -10.7 -16.9
52-PP-050 -12.9 -13.5 -18.1
52-PP-051 -11.7 4.7 -16.9
Boiler House Building (East) -13.3 -2.9 -18.1
Boiler House Building (North) -1 -18.8 -6.2
Boiler House Building (Roof) -2.1 -6.3 -7.4
Boiler House Building (South) -14.5 -3 -19.5
Boiler House Building (West) -1 -18.7 -6.2
Filter Belt Building (East) 2.4 13.2 -2.9
Filter Belt Building (North) 4.6 -3.3 -0.6
Filter Belt Building (Roof) 0.5 6.9 -4.9
Filter Belt Building (South) 3.3 11.4 -2
Filter Belt Building (West) 10.8 -1.5 5.3
Fluid Bed Dryer 6.7 2.5 1.4
HMC Pr-escreen Building (North) 25.4 0.7 19.9
HMC Pre-screen Building (Roof) 20.7 9.6 14.8
HMC Pre-screen Building (South) 9.7 18.5 4.1
HMC Pre-screen Building (West) 26.8 4 21.1
P53-DP-03 Radial Vane Damper , ID Fan -0.7 2.7 -13.6
P53-FA-01 Induced Draft Fan -10.6 2.7 -15.9
P53-PP-04 BOILER FEED WATER -12.9 1 -18.9
P53-PP-08 Dump Condensor -2.2 3.8 -5.7
P53-PP-11 Scrubber Liquor Recirc -13.4 1 -18.9
P53-PP-13 Scrubber Liquor Transfer -4.1 1 -18.4
P53-PP-14 Cooloing Water Supply 3.6 8.9 -11.4
P53-PP-20 Sump Pump -2.2 3.4 -15.8
P53-PP-21 Sump Pump, Water -2.2 3.9 -5.7
P53-VZ-01 Cooling Tower Fan 15.3 11.5 10.4
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Predicted noise contribution Laeq dB(A) Source R2 R3 R4
Plate Filter Building (East) -15.5 1 -20.6
Plate Filter Building (North) -22.1 -22.4 -27.1
Plate Filter Building (Roof) -21.5 -9.4 -26.5
Plate Filter Building (South) -22.4 -11.4 -27.4
Plate Filter Building (West) -25.6 -25.8 -30.6
West Zircon Building (West Wall) -0.1 -24.7 -5.9
West Zircon Building (Roof) -0.4 -6.8 -6.5
West Zircon Building (South) -13.8 -2.6 -19.6
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APPENDIX B : SOUND POWER LEVELS AND OCTAVE BAND DATA FOR EXPANSION NOISE SOURCES
Overall Octave band SWL dB(A) SWL Source Description dB(A) 63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k
Attritioning Total (area 22)
22-AG-01 Attritioner Agitator - Zircon 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2
22-AG-02 Attritioner Agitator - Zircon 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2
22-AG-03 Attritioner Agitator - Zircon 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2
22-AG-04 Attritioner Agitator - Zircon 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2
22-AG-09 Stage 1 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-10 Stage 1 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-11 Stage 1 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-12 Stage 1 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-13 Stage 2 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-14 Stage 2 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-15 Stage 2 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-16 Stage 2 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-17 Stage 3 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-18 Stage 3 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-19 Stage 3 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-20 Stage 3 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-21 Stage 3 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-22 Stage 3 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-23 Stage 3 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7
22-AG-24 Stage 3 Attritioner Agitator - HMC 99.3 57.1 86.5 92.4 95.3 92.0 90.6 83.6 77.7 Stage 1 Attritioning - Screw 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3 22-CS-01 Classifier Stage 2 Attritioning - Screw 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3 22-CS-02 Classifier
22-CY-01 Stage 1 Attritioning Feed Cyclone 1 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
22-CY-02 Stage 1 Attritioning Feed Cyclone 2 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
22-CY-50 Stage 2 Attritioning Feed Cyclone 1 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
22-CY-51 Stage 2 Attritioning Feed Cyclone 2 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
22-CY-52 Stage 3 Attritioning Feed Cyclone 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 B-1 Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
Overall Octave band SWL dB(A) SWL Source Description dB(A) 63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k Stage 2 HMC Attritioning Discharge 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3 22-HP-04 Hopper Stage 1 HMC Attritioner Discharge 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3 22-HP-50 Hopper Stage 3 HMC Attritioning Discharge 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3 22-HP-99 Hopper Stage 2 HMC Attritioner Discharge 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 22-PP-03 Pump
22-PP-07 Attritioning Area Water Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 Stage 1 HMC Attritioner Discharge 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 22-PP-50 Pump
22-PP-54 Process Water Supply Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 Stage 3 HMC Attritioner Discharge 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 22-PP-99 Pump
Zircon Attritioning additional (area 24)
24-CY-53 Zircon Attritioning Feed Cyclone 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
24-HP-75 Zircon Attritioner Discharge Hopper 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
24-PP-15 Zircon Attritioner Discharge Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
Plate Filter Plant (East Building - Opening On Eastern Side of Building) Recycled Caustic Liquor Tank 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2 52-AG-007 Agitator
52-AG-008 Classifier Overflow Tank Agitator 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2
52-AG-009 Spare Agitator 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2
52-AG-010 Spare Agitator 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2
52-AG-011 LKD Mixing Tank Agitator 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2 Dry Mill Slimes Filter Cake 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8 52-CV-050 Conveyor
52-CV-004 Waste Cake Conveyor 1 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8
Filter Press (Building Adjacent (West) of Plate Filter Plant
52-PP-004 Teeter Supply Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-CV-005 Waste Cake Conveyor 2 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8
52-AG-006 Caustic Filter Feed Tank Agitator 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2 Caustic Circuit Filter Press - 82.6 61.7 67.3 73.9 79.2 77.2 71.1 61.8 53.6 52-FL-001a Hydraulic Unit Caustic Circuit Filter Press - Cloth 82.6 61.7 67.3 73.9 79.2 77.2 71.1 61.8 53.6 52-FL-001c Washing Drive Caustic Circuit Filter Press - Cloth 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 52-FL-001d Cleaning Pump Caustic Circuit Filter Press - Air 81.1 63.8 70.8 74.8 77.8 82.8 77.8 74.8 67.8 52-FL-001e Compressor Caustic Circuit Filter Press - Filtrate 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1 52-FL-001f Pump
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 B-2 Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
Overall Octave band SWL dB(A) SWL Source Description dB(A) 63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k Wash Circuit Filter Press - Hydraulic 82.6 61.7 67.3 73.9 79.2 77.2 71.1 61.8 53.6 52-FL-003a Unit Wash Circuit Filter Press - Cloth 82.6 61.7 67.3 73.9 79.2 77.2 71.1 61.8 53.6 52-FL-003c Washing Drive Wash Circuit Filter Press - Filtrate 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1 52-FL-003f Pump Dry Mill Slimes Filter Press - 82.6 61.7 67.3 73.9 79.2 77.2 71.1 61.8 53.6 52-FL-050a Hydraulic Unit Dry Mill Slimes Filter Press - Cloth 82.6 61.7 67.3 73.9 79.2 77.2 71.1 61.8 53.6 52-FL-050c Washing Drive Dry Mill Slimes Filter Press - Cloth 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 52-FL-050d Cleaning Pump Dry Mill Slimes Filter Press - Air 81.1 63.8 70.8 74.8 77.8 82.8 77.8 74.8 67.8 52-FL-050e Compressor
52-PP-014 VBF Wash Water Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 VBF Vacuum Pump - part of 52-FL- 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 52-PP-015 002 package
52-PP-019 VBF Cloth Wash Cyclone Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-HP-003 VBF Cloth Wash Hopper 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
52-CY-002 VBF Cloth Wash Cyclone 95.2 72.6 78.8 84.4 87.6 90.3 89.4 85.9 76.1 Dry Mill Slimes Filter Press Area 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1 52-PP-052 Floor Sump
52-CP-001 Instrument Air Compressor 101.9 75.5 87.2 103.1 100.1 98.5 96.5 94.8 87.8
52-CS-001 Wash Classifier 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
52-CY-001 Classifier Feed Cyclone 95.2 72.6 78.8 84.4 87.6 90.3 89.4 85.9 76.1
52-EL-001 Leached Ilimenite Elevator 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8 Dryer Feed Hopper Elevating 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8 52-CE-001 Conveyor Dryer Feed Hopper Discharge Table 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.2 88.5 78.3 52-FE-002 Feeder
52-HP-005 Dryer Feed Hopper 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
Boiler
52-PP-008 Fresh Water Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-PP-024 Gland Water Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-BR-001d Boiler – De-aerator Transfer Pump 1 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-BR-001e Boiler – De-aerator Transfer Pump 2 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-BR-001g Boiler - Boiler Feed Pump 1 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-BR-001h Boiler - Boiler Feed Pump 2 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-PP-022 Boiler Area Sump Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
Caustic Leaching Plant Vessel 52-PV-002
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 B-3 Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
Overall Octave band SWL dB(A) SWL Source Description dB(A) 63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k Leach Vessel Compartment 1 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2 52-AG-001 Agitator Leach Vessel Compartment 2 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2 52-AG-002 Agitator Leach Vessel Compartment 3 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2 52-AG-003 Agitator Leach Vessel Compartment 4 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2 52-AG-004 Agitator
52-PP-006 Sump Pump 1 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-PP-007 Sump Pump 2 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
Input Discharge Plant
52-PP-005 Flash Tank Discharge Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-HP-002 Flash Tank Discharge Hopper 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
52-CV-001 Feed Conveyor 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8
52-CV-002 FBD Feed Conveyor 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8
52-CV-003 Leached Iilmenite Product Conveyor 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8
52-CV-006 Ilimenite Re-Feed Conveyor 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8
52-PP-001 Leach Feed Pump 1 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-PP-002 Leach Feed Pump 2 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-HP-004 Ilimenite Re-Feed Hopper 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
52-AG-005 Leach Feed Tank Agitator 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2
52-DR-001a Fluid Bed Dryer - Dilution Air Fan 100.7 69.9 75.8 84.6 95.9 94.3 93.9 93.1 86.2 Fluid Bed Dryer - Combustion Air 100.7 69.9 75.8 84.6 95.9 94.3 93.9 93.1 86.2 52-DR-001b Fan
52-DR-001c Fluid Bed Dryer - Exhaust Fan 100.7 69.9 75.8 84.6 95.9 94.3 93.9 93.1 86.2
Tank Farm
52-PP-009 Caustic Dosing Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-PP-010 Caustic Filter Press Feed Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-PP-011 Caustic Liquor Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-PP-012 Wash Filter Press Feed Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-PP-013 Process Liquor Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-PP-025 Process Water Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-PP-026 LKD Transfer Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-PP-027 LKD Ring Main Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-PP-029 Liquor Bleed Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-PP-021 Caustic Storage Sump Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 B-4 Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
Overall Octave band SWL dB(A) SWL Source Description dB(A) 63 125 250 500 1k 2k 4k 8k
52-PP-031 LKD Area Sump Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1 Dry Mill Slimes Filter Press Feed 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6 52-PP-050 Pump
52-PP-051 Dry Mill Slimes Filter Filtrate Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-PP-020 Caustic Tanker Unloading Pump 89.2 66.6 72.8 78.4 81.6 84.3 83.4 79.9 70.1
52-FE-001 LKD Feeder 96.0 69.3 73.5 80.4 88.2 90.3 91.3 88.5 78.3
52-AG-012 LKD Storage Tank Agitator 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2 Dry Mill Slimes Filter Press Feed 80.8 38.6 68.0 73.9 76.8 73.5 72.1 65.1 59.2 52-AG-050 Tank Agitator
Water Treatment
52-PP-023 Bore Water Supply Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
52-PP-030 Bore Water Supply Pump 88.6 63.3 66.1 73.4 81.4 82.7 83.4 80.9 73.6
Waste Heat Recovery
P53-FA-01 INDUCED DRAFT FAN 86.8 81.7 70.2 85.6 85.8 95.8 86.0 71.8 57.9
P53-CV-01 DRAGLINK CONVEYOR 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8
P53-DP-03 RADIAL VANE DAMPER, ID FAN 86.8 81.7 70.2 85.6 85.8 95.8 86.0 71.8 --- SCRUBBER LIQUOR RECIRC 89.0 63.8 65.8 73.8 81.8 82.8 83.8 80.8 73.8 P53-PP-11 PUMP #1 SCRUBBER LIQUOR TRANSFER 89.0 63.8 65.8 73.8 81.8 82.8 83.8 80.8 73.8 P53-PP-13 PUMP TO WMP
P53-PP-20 SUMP PUMP, BOILER AREA 89.0 66.8 72.8 78.8 81.8 84.8 83.8 79.8 69.8
P53-PP-04 BOILER FEED WATER PUMP #1 89.0 63.8 65.8 73.8 81.8 82.8 83.8 80.8 73.8 DUMP CONDENSER 89.0 66.8 72.8 78.8 81.8 84.8 83.8 79.8 69.8 P53-PP-08 CONDENSATE PUMP #1 COOLING WATER SUPPLY PUMP 95.5 63.4 69.4 85.0 85.3 89.8 92.5 81.4 75.2 P53-PP-14 #1 SUMP PUMP, WATER 89.0 66.8 72.8 78.8 81.8 84.8 83.8 79.8 69.8 P53-PP-21 TREATMENT AREA
P53-AT-01 ACTIVATED BIN DISCHARGE 87.8 60.0 71.3 82.6 84.0 80.2 76.2 70.8 60.8
Cooling Tower
P53-FA-02 CT FAN 102.0 79.4 89.2 94.1 97.3 97.0 92.2 84.7 77.8
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 B-5 Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
APPENDIX C : INFLUENCING FACTOR- DUCE RESIDENCE
R2- Duce Type “A” – industrial (TRONOX)
30% 80%
100m
450m
Influencing Factor in dB = 1/10 (sum of Type A percentages for both circles) + 1/20 (sum of Type B percentages for both circles) + transport factor or 6, whichever is the lesser amount Percentages:
Type A= 80%+30%=110%
Type B=0 (no commercial land)
Transport factor=0 (no major or secondary roads)
Influencing factor
IF= (110)/10 + 0 + 0= 11 dB
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 C-6 Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
APPENDIX D : NOISE CONTOURS
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 D-7 Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 D-1 Client: Tronox Subject: Chandala Coating Removal Expansion Noise Model Update
Doc: 1253972-4-100-Rev1-16 OCT 2013 D-2