Spring 2019, Volume 111, Number 3

Accelerate your career and develop the skills to lead change—in Chicago and beyond.

The University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy’s Evening Master’s Program is a four-quarter program designed for working mid-career professionals. Courses are offered in the evenings with one weekend session per quarter. The downtown location and the part-time format make the program adaptable to work, family, and other responsibilities.

Classes begin October 2019. Application deadline is May 31, 2019.

For more information or to apply, visit harris.uchicago.edu/eveningprogram or contact us at [email protected].

SPRING 2019, VOLUME 111, NUMBER 3

UCH_Spring2019 cover and spine_v2.indd 1 4/26/19 12:55 PM Seeking great leaders.

The Harvard Advanced Leadership Initiative oﬀ ers a calendar year of rigorous education and reﬂ ection for highly accomplished leaders in business, government, law, medicine, and other sectors who are transitioning from their primary careers to their next years of service. Led by award-winning faculty members from across Harvard, the program aims to deploy a new leadership force tackling the world’s most challenging social and environmental problems.

be inspired at +1-617-496-5479

2019.01.16_ALI_Ivy_Ad_Chicago.indd 1 1/16/19 11:55 AM UCH_Giving Day AD.indd 4 4/25/19 2:24 PM 190308_AdvLeadership_Chicago.indd 1 1/16/19 12:16 PM EDITORˆS NOTES

VOLUME 111, NUMBER 3, SPRING 2019

EDITOR Laura Demanski, AM’94 SENIOR EDITOR Mary Ruth Yoe ASSOCIATE EDITOR Susie Allen, AB’09 MANAGING EDITOR Rhonda L. Smith ART DIRECTOR Guido Mendez ALUMNI NEWS EDITOR Andrew Peart, AM’16, PHD’18 COPY EDITOR Sam Edsill GRAPHIC DESIGNER Laura Lorenz CONTRIBUTING EDITORS John Easton, AM’77; Carrie Golus, AB’91, AM’93; Brooke E. O’Neill, AM’04 READY FOR THEIR

Editorial Office The University of Chicago Magazine, 5235 South Harper Court, CLOSE-UPS Chicago, IL 60615 TELEPHONE 773.702.2163 FAX 773.702.8836 EMAIL [email protected] BY LAURA DEMANSKI, AM’94 The University of Chicago Alumni Association has its offices at 5235 South Harper Court, Chicago, IL 60615 TELEPHONE 773.702.2150 FAX 773.702.2166. ADDRESS CHANGES 800.955.0065 or [email protected] WEB mag.uchicago.edu historical jar of jam started us down this path. The path led in turn to this issue’s story “No Key Required” The University of Chicago Magazine (ISSN-0041-9508) is published quarterly (Fall, (page 30), in which we share a selection of the University of Winter, Spring, Summer) by the University Chicago Library’s holdings not on paper. Instead the trea- of Chicago in cooperation with the Alumni Association, 5235 South Harper Court, sures pictured within are made of metal, cloth, concrete, an Chicago, IL 60615, and sent to all University of egg, and—yes—unspecifie berries. Chicago alumni. Published continuously since 1907. Periodicals postage paid at Chicago and When we asked the Special Collections Research Center additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER Send (SCRC) staff this past winter about their department’s vital address changes to The University of Chicago statistics, they sent those numbers and more. On a list of unusual hold- Magazine, Alumni Records, 5235 South Aings, the phrases “homemade jam” and “Robert Maynard Hutchins” in Harper Court, Chicago, IL 60615. © 2019 University of Chicago close proximity really got our attention, hinting at a bit of presidential domesticity we’d never guessed at. Advertising Contact uchicago-magazine @uchicago.edu or visit mag.uchicago.edu/ So our focus shifted quickly from quantities—pages, gigabytes, advertising. The Magazine is a member of the linear feet—to singularities. All of us at the Magazine wanted to see Ivy League Magazine Network, whose clients include other colleges and universities. These some of the catalogued wonders. Given the business we’re in, we also advertisements help the Magazine continue to wanted to share them. deliver news of the University of Chicago and its alumni to readers. Please contact the editor One sunny March afternoon, the SCRC’s Christine Colburn and Ash- with any questions. ley Locke Gosselar pulled some of the curiosities from their stores and IVY LEAGUE MAGAZINE NETWORK shared their knowledge, while photographer Nathan Keay snapped Heather Wedlake, Director of Operations TELEPHONE 617.319.0995 WEB ivymags.com away. A great time was had by all, and now, we hope, by you too. EMAIL [email protected]

The University does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, sexual Bundles of thanks orientation, gender identity, national or ethnic origin, age, status as an individual with a disability, protected veteran status, genetic To all who participated in the Magazine’s February giving campaign, information, or other protected classes under our warmest gratitude. If you did so, and chose to receive our indis- the law. For additional information, please see equalopportunity.uchicago.edu. pensable readers’ indispensable shopping tote, we hope it’s serving you well (see the ad on this issue’s inside back cover for more information). Your support helps us assign stories, hire artists, do on-site reporting, and generally make a better Magazine. Thank you for being Photography by Laura Lorenz Laura by Photography ©istock.com/blindspot our readers and partners.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019 1

UCM_Ednotes_Spring19_v1.indd 1 4/26/19 7:48 AM Vol. 111 / No. 3 SPRING 2019 mag.uchicago.edu Photography by Nathan Keay (cover and this page) Collector’s edition While we don’t recommend using Petrus Apianus’s Astronomicum Caesareum (1540) for scientific reference, the dragon-adorned book can be appreciated as a work of art. It took eight years to create and includes elaborate hand-colored drawings and many volvelles, movable paper circles that calculate the positions of the planets and the dates of lunar eclipses. You can find this volume in the Special Collections Research Center, along with other less-expected items, including the Reg Rat T-shirt featured on our cover. For more surprising objects from the center’s collection, see “No Key Required” on page 30.

TOC_v4.indd 2 4/26/19 5:27 PM 1 Editor’s Notes 4 Letters 9 On the Agenda

Features

Saving democracy By Jason Kelly Two legal scholars argue that democracy is unlikely to collapse but 24 could be chipped away.

No key required By Rhonda L. Smith 30 Special Collections shares some of its more serendipitous items.

Taking flight By Susie Allen, AB’09 36 Scenes from a play in the making.

Primary value By Sharla A. Paul A physician-economist tests the health and cost benefi s of a closer 40 doctor-patient relationship.

Lieber Erich By Carrie Golus, AM’91, AM’93 48 A box of letters from Nazi Germany inspires a jazz opera.

One person’s power By Laura Demanski, AM’94 The education and career of Sybil Jordan Hampton, MST’68, have been 52 sometimes lonely, often groundbreaking, and always brave. Photography by Nathan Keay (cover and this page)

11 55 UChicago Journal Peer Review Research and What alumni are news in brief thinking and doing

TOC_v4.indd 3 4/26/19 4:22 PM ADY FOR LETTERS

The University of Chicago Magazine welcomes letters about its contents or about the life of the University. Letters for publication must be signed and may be edited for space, clarity, and ci- vility. To provide a range of views and voices, we encourage letter writers to limit themselves LETTERS to 300 words or fewer. Write: Editor, The University of Chicago Magazine, 5235 South Harper Court, Suite 500, Chicago, IL 60615. Or email: [email protected].

Hong Kong in uncertainty thought that, as mainland China pros- an enterprising, free, and independent “A View from the Tree House of pered, it would follow Hong Kong’s city-state, they can experience first- Knowledge” (Winter/19) celebrates democratic path. hand what their books call tragedy. the opening of the new campus in China today is 11 times wealthier James “Jim” L. Wunsch, AM’68, Hong Kong, the University’s “larg- than in 1997, but since Tiananmen PhD’76 est foothold in Asia.” What a foot- Square in 1989 it has squeezed Hong NEW YORK CITY hold! From the late Bing Thom’s Kong with an evermore painful total- 44,000-square-foot academic and ad- itarian grip. Duly elected candidates ministrative center, students and staff representing an independence move- Wonder women can enjoy breathtaking views of The Winter/19 Magazine profiled two the South China Sea. Proxim- of the warmest, strongest, ity to the world’s largest con- and most intelligent wom- sumer market should spur en I have ever known and students in the executive provided us with photos of MBA program to explore a each. The appreciation of myriad of investment op- Soia Mentschikoff (“Legal portunities. Study abroad Light”) did her justice, no undergraduates residing small achievement given in a city imbued with the her spectacular and atmosphere of a former complex personality, British Crown Colony and the photo of Soia is are likely to be drawn to nothing short of won- studies of colonialism. derful. The story on But the hope of this Chicago’s history as reader is that our cu- portrayed in the rich rious students will tradition of books by keep a wary eye on and about its people the fate of the great city. When (“101 Citations”) the United Kingdom in 1997 turned ment have been denied seats in the tells the remarkable story of Laura control of Hong Kong over to China legislative council. Booksellers have Fermi writing Atoms in the Family, under the “one country, two systems” been spirited away to the mainland, just as she was adjusting to English as agreement, Hong Kong looked for- where they have been interrogated a second language, and gives us a pho- ward to maintaining an independent and sometimes forced into public to of Mrs. Fermi (on page 61) that was judiciary, freedom of the press, and confessions. In the Umbrella Move- taken when yet another of her books British-based civil liberties. By 2017 ment of 2014, tens of thousands of high was published in 1961. Not mentioned it was anticipated that the election of school and college students, joined by was Laura Fermi’s career as a pioneer the legislative council and Hong Kong a broad range of other residents, shut in progressive civic politics, cofound- chief executive would be based on down parts of the city for 79 days to ing a clean air nongovernmental orga- near universal suffrage. Indeed, many demand free and fair elections. Chief nization in the 1950s and a handgun executives CY Leung and Carrie Lam, control effort in the 1970s. in apparent obeisance to Beijing, sup- Thanks for the memories. Photography by Guido Mendez The University of pressed the movement. Franklin E. Zimring, JD’67 Chicago has opened The University of Chicago has KENSINGTON, CALIFORNIA opened a new campus in a city with a new campus an uncertain present and a fearful fu- in a city with an ture. Our students can learn much by Fermi’s family living there. Readings in the Core may My father, Morton Grodzins, professor uncertain present have given them a measure of under- of political science at the University of and a fearful future. standing, but in observing the fall of Chicago, served as editor of the Uni-

4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

UCH_Letters_v3.indd 4 4/25/19 11:27 AM versity of Chicago Press when Laura Fermi’s Atoms in the Family (1954) was published. I supply here a bit of family folklore that may supplement the note about Laura Fermi’s book in the Win- ter/19 issue (“101 Citations”). At that time, in the ’50s, my sister Mitchell and I were students at the Laboratory Schools, where Laura and Enrico’s daughter Nella, an artist, was teaching art and shop. According to my mother, Ruth Grodzins, AB’38, when Laura first came to my father’s office to discuss her book project, she introduced herself not as the wife of the great physicist but as “Nella’s mother.” I know that my father was very proud of seeing her book into print. My mother kept a leather-bound copy and an Italian version on her living room shelf for many years. Ruth and Laura became close friends, and their friendship endured long after both were widowed. Laura— way ahead of her times—involved my mother in her campaigns against air pollution and for gun control. When I was a returning undergraduate student and a single parent at the University in the early ’70s, we saw a lot of Laura. She was very gracious and kind to my young son, entertain- ing him with her magical knack for cutting out long strings of paper dolls holding hands. Ann Grodzins Gold, LAB’63, AB’75, AM’78, PhD’84 ITHACA, NEW YORK

Wrongly omitted Laura Demanski (AM’94) describes the Caxton Club’s Chicago by the Book (University of Chicago Press, 2018) as “surprisingly exhaustive” (“101 Cita- tions”). A more accurate description would be “unsurprisingly white.” Out of 101 entries, only nine document African American life in Chicago. Of those nine, only six refer to writings by Photography by Guido Mendez black authors. This is more than an oversight. It is a fatal misrepresentation of Chicago’s history. African Americans have been woven into the city’s fabric from the very beginning. The first non-Native resident was Haitian trader Jean Baptiste Pointe DuSable. So why not

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019 5

UCH_Letters_v3.indd 5 4/25/19 11:27 AM Photography by Wally Roberts Wally by Photography

Photography by Riva Lehrer ------’s ow 4/25/19 11:28 AM fl Maga . Inter Magazine s longer fea New Yorker Magazine’ New York ReviewNew York of Books Pun-free zone? Pun-free ’s ’s refreshed design. I’m not TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA TUSCALOOSA, AmeyAB’70S. Miller, ). ). I appreciated learning more SharonyGreen, AM’08 CHAPEL HILL, NORTH CAROLINA CAROLINA NORTH HILL, CHAPEL ffic but also in the I also enjoyed your story on Ameri There There were comments about the can truckers (“The Open Road,” Win- We live ter/19). near a truck stop and spend a lot of time on the interstate between our home and Birmingham, Alabama. I am increasingly curious about who all is out there on the road owingaccidentsthe with all withof me, to cell phone use. I drove alone across this country twice early this century. I was in my early 30s and fearless then. I But also learned how to stay behind a good truck driver and discovered that them someof actually notice motorists who acknowledge their presence for hundreds of miles moving(e.g., over to let them back in or out to ease the recent design refresh on editorial con This may be a losing battle, but I really thenew-thought-to-be-wittyif wonder articlesDigger” for (“Goalpar headers ticularly offends, but “Legal Light” is are something anotherWinter/19) one; your readers actually enjoy or some thingendure.haveto withthey (as me) I have noticed this creep in the zine sometimesofwriter’s allegation the To dubious pun-ditry, we plead guilty as chargedtryandwillbarhigh set the to when flirting with punny headlines. Regardingtheeffect theof tent, the writer is correct that we are balancing the tures with shorter pieces, in response estingly, the hasn’t drunk this particular Kool-Aid. Anychance standing of with them? Magazine against it, but it does seem to be ac companied by a briefer, punched-up quality to the content. This could be just in my paranoid oldster imagina thequads myon tion.be to for Hoping 50threunion inJune. of of tra about the demographic changes. My hat’s off to Anne Balay, AB’86, AM’88, PhD’94,courage her for and smarts. - - - - UChicago Inspiring alumni Inspiring again, aren’t you?” This from NEW MARLBOROUGH, MASSACHUSETTS MARLBOROUGH, NEW I had a 30-year career as a sociolo gradC of guessU of My that islot a MichelRichard,Paul AB’51, AM’55 more more strategy for retirement. In my experience, starting a second career beforeretirement lifesaver. isa gist, but three years before I retired something powerful kicked in, and I started taking classes in bronze casting and welding at a foundry in the Finger Lakes region of upstate New Not York. long after that my work began to sell at a gallery in Key West, Florida, and now in the Berkshires. My recent work includes a bust of E.W. B. DuBois for his sesquicentennial celebration in Great Barrington,Massachusetts. uates can relate to this because the atmosphere of the College was hardly dimensional! one theguyownsthan who more 50,000 vi You You know a magazine is good when your spouse sees it in your hands and quips, “You’re back in that Magazine nyl records and, upon being asked if he ever heard of Rounder Records (“True to His Roots,” Winter/19), replied, “Yes, indeedly do! What do you know about Rounder Records?” I told him about Bill Nowlin, AM’69, who quickly made it into my American Civilization since 1865 course lecture on the Great Depression last week. It was wonder ful to learn that Nowlin’s program permitted him to make comparisons between the Poor People’s Campaign and the 1932 march on Washington by War World I vets after he dropped out of school to become an activist. SPRING 2019 SPRING | ------rst fi , the stands Defender Encyclopediaof Defender Autobiography of Black of Autobiography ection of the city, not a not city, theection of fl Autobiography of Black EVANSTON, ILLINOIS EVANSTON, LETTERS Autobiography of Black Chi Boss: Richard J. Daley of Chi (University of Chicago Press, (1987)? Or Travis’s biography Theart secondof acts LesleyA. Williams, LAB’78 (1981), (1983), and (1983), (Dutton, 1971). THEUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE ers a truere a ers The trulyshocking, mind-The absolutely Yet Yet the Caxton Club didn’t see fi Chicago by the the Book reinforces Where is Dempsey J. Travis’s mas ff cago boggling omission is the legendary black newspaper that has chronicled black life in Chicago since 1905.According theto Chicago 2004), “For its part in encouraging the Great Migration, voicing the dis content of blacks, and revolutionizing black journalism, the as one of the most powerful organs of socialaction inAmerica.” to include it. Apparently they need ed more space for “Chicago: That Todd’ling Town.” narrative of a hardscrabble white- ethnicnon-EuropeansChicago,where are distant and invisible; the Chicago of Saul Bellow, EX’39; Mike Royko; Algren;Nelson andtheDaleys.is That part of the story, but it has never been Su CaxtonClub’s The story. whole the san Rossen has spoken of producing a it hope let’s does, she edition;secondif o nostalgia of work anall-white for Chi cagothat existed.never cago Jazz Politics of Harold Washington, Chicago’s black mayor? Travis describes the breadth of Chicago’s black society, not just its poverty and pathology, and the Washington biography is as seminal a work on Chicago politics as Mike Royko’s “When What You Do Is No Longer Who Are”You (Glimpses, Winter/19) one been hadtherewish I but timely, is 6 terfultrilogy from theUrbanResearch Institute, include his biography by historian Margaret Burroughs, founder of the DuSable Museum? UCH_Letters_v3.indd 6 to reader feedback, but we have no intention of abandoning the former.—Ed.

Who’s that girl? While I was in Chicago getting my master’s, I saw a production of Miss Julie with Ed Asner, EX’48, but I am not sure who played Julie in that production. It might have been Elaine May. The group was then called Compass Players, or perhaps it was already Second City. [See “101 Ci- tations,” Winter/19.—Ed.] Can someone tell me who played opposite Asner? Cutting-edge research. Annice M. Alt, AM’54 SOUTHERN PINES, NORTH CAROLINA Policy impact. In the production of August Strind- berg’s Miss Julie staged by the Play- Training tomorrow’s leaders. wrights Theatre Club, the predecessor to the Compass Players, it was Zohra Lampert, AB’52, who played the title Explore how EPIC is tackling the global energy challenge at epic.uchicago.edu role. Elaine May was the show’s director. Members of the Compass Players, who debuted under that name in 1955, helped form the Second City in 1959.—Ed.

Correcting the record cer dog” (“2019 World Pup,” the Core, In the otherwise wonderful article on Winter/19). my life in organizing in a recent issue It turns out that Cora has a Spanish of the Core, the credit line for the pic- counterpart (twin?) who lives in my ture of me on a picket line in Missis- childhood town of Palacios de la Si- sippi (left) did not acknowledge Wally erra, Burgos, Spain. She loves to play Roberts as the photographer. It was soccer in the town plaza with the kids, credited to me. and we photographed her last summer Wally recently died, and I am hop- heading the ball and cooling off in the ing full credit will be given to his work. fountain between games. He was also the head of the Freedom Eugene “Gene” C. Somoza, SB’61 Organizer extraordinaire Summer project on which I worked CINCINNATI, OHIO Thank you for the outstanding fea- that summer. ture on Heather Booth, AB’67, AM’70 Thank you for considering this re- (“Organizing Principle,” the Core, quest and recognizing the important Relatively speaking Winter/19). contribution that Wally made. I read with pleasure “Ethics Class” by Heather and her husband, Paul, Heather Tobis Booth, AB’67, AM’70 Ted Cohen, AB’62 (the Core, Winter/19), were both major influences during WASHINGTON, DC with whom I studied aesthetics. The the campus anti-war movement of character Max reminded me of Cohen 1965–70, Heather having brought her We regret the omission and thank in some ways. His love-hate relation- Photography by Riva Lehrer super credentials as a civil rights ac- Booth and Jerald Lipsch for providing ship with the Germans, for example. tivist and organizer. Paul, of course, as the correct photography credit.—Ed. Cohen taught us to respect Kant—I’ve a founding member of Students for a now been teaching Kant for more than Democratic Society, had amazing po- 30 years—but not to revere him. I re- litical skills. Dog-given talent member him quoting the last line of the Jerald B. Lipsch, AB’68 My wife and I were amazed and amused Foundations of the Metaphysics of Mor- ELGIN, ILLINOIS PhotographyWallaceby I. Roberts, courtesy the Roberts family to see your article on Cora the “soc- als (“While we do not comprehend the

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019 7

UCH_Letters_v3.indd 7 4/26/19 2:06 PM UCH_Letters_v3.indd 8 sistently be sistently in a the relativist It since. to showonegoes con- that can’t ever it telling been I’ve Cohen’s class. in been have well could it but where, ber remem can’t I student. relativist hard die the with interchange the much like madness.” German the of beginning the is “This pause, a after adding, and incomprehensibility”) its comprehend yet we imperative, moral of necessity the unconditional practical 8 schools, gious to proceeded a go list ofthrough presti he and pipe, a smoking office, his in him found I schools. graduate physics on advice his ask to him with ment appoint an made I year, fourth my of beginning the at and department, ics phys the of chair was Fritzsche 1983 away. [ passed recently Physics, in Emeritus Professor Block Louis the Fritzsche, Hellmut that read to saddened was I I remember hearing a story very very story a hearing remember I THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAGAZINE CHICAGO OF UNIVERSITY THE BLAST FROM THE PAST A mentor remembered Michael W.Michael AB’74 Howard, See Deaths, Summer/18.—Ed.] Deaths, See In March’84 Kenneth J. Epstein, SM’52 time! at the young very not was Einstein because psychoanalysis—all about the more surprising something to Freud tell trying for upstart” a “young him called who except Freud, bydown anyone, put never was walk, random of this extreme opposite at the hand, other the on Einstein, Albert respect. which characteristically yields random results in this side of science, It indicates the unscientifi time! at the man a was young he because surprising more the man—all old dirty a was Freud thought they because left, and up got his gave Freud When Freud. of Sigmund experience early in the a parallel has holes of black theory the LETTERS Chandrasekhar when he gave he his when Chandrasekhar The bad experience of Professor Subrahmanyan BANGOR, MAINE fi fi rst lecture on psychoanalysis, the audience audience the psychoanalysis, on lecture rst rst extolling their good good their extolling rst fi rst rst person. - - - - - | SPRING 2019 grown, I am taking the time to make a a make to time the taking am I grown, have AB’18, cluding Gruenbaum, Adam - in children, my that now But physics. long career, of and very varied little it in a had have I there. wife my meet fact vice in vice Dr.ad I Fritzsche’s don’t though think and got my PhD in applied physics. And wrong.” “Yougo added, can’t he Then downside. the hear to waited I while pipe his from deeply inhaled and paused He women.” beautiful the weather, beautiful the campus, tiful beau the have “Stanford—you said, and eye his in twinkle a got suddenly He Stanford. to came he list, his of end At me the aspects. negative their giving and pipe, his on drag long a ing tak then accent, German his in points wrong.” added, “You gocan’t he Then downside. waited to hear the pipe his I while deeply from inhaled and He paused fi As it turns out, I did go to Stanford Stanford to go did I out, turns it As rst lecture on on lecture rst fl uenced me very much, I did in in did I much, very me uenced fi nally nally - - - faculty who helped me along the way. who the helped me along faculty the all appreciating and work, my into back physics bring and change career don’t let it be known until I until don’t known let it be Now Uof I C. of the aproud alum was I office, in was Obama Barack Until the university I attended. university the and from the AM’33, other man, greats Fried Milton with consistent more path a to return you until you porting sup money or time my either spend me. like (or people from support reduced) very it is see little youlikely will servatives, to to sense conmake - spokesmen start major university’s your or he Until spokesman. well-known most your is Goolsbee probably professor Austan economics Booth Chicago time, this At this. like here out us of many are and critical infrastructure. defense our except anything of overs and very opposed to take government I am a someone understands capitalist I’m not against U of C. I just can’t can’t just I C. of U against not I’m I send note this only to there suggest Michael J. Sanders, MBA’74 J. Sanders, Michael Peter E. Gruenbaum, AB’84 SEATTLE, WASHINGTON Both sides now LENEXA, KANSAS fi rst know know rst 4/26/19 5:09 PM - - -

Illustration by Drone Media Chicago; UChicago Photographic Archive, apf2-05339, University of Chicago Library ON THE AGENDA TOWARD A MORE DIVERSE AND INCLUSIVE UCHICAGO

BY MELISSA GILLIAM ELLEN H. BLOCK PROFESSOR OF HEALTH JUSTICE, VICE PROVOST, AND PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY AND PEDIATRICS

’ve been a faculty member at the tion, the Provost’s Postdoctoral Fellows University of Chicago for more Program offers a two-year tenure-track than a decade and have benefi ed fellowship enabling us to recruit some greatly from being part of this of the world’s most talented early-ca- scholarly community. As a vice reer scholars. Collectively, these efforts provost, my own experiences are resulting in more diverse faculty, compel me to ensure that people staff, and student applicant pools and from diverse backgrounds and more diverse institutional, faculty, and identities can fully participate in staff leadership. the life of this great university. Contributing to communities be- In spring 2016, the Univer- yond our campus is a top priority. sity completed the Campus Climate Last spring, with the leadership of the ISurvey, taking a hard look at percep- CSRPC, we worked with the Universi- tions of bias and harassment based on ty of Puerto Rico to bring visiting stu- race, ethnicity, ability status, religion, campus units in creating their own dents, faculty, and artists to campus in sexual orientation, gender, and gender diversity and inclusion plans. the wake of Hurricanes Irma and Ma- identity. In response to these data, in We’re using specific strategies. First, ria. Together with campus partners, October 2017, the University launched we’re relying on science, evidence- we launched the Community Engage- the Diversity and Inclusion Initia- based practices, and assessment. ment Grant Program, funding schol- tive. Our campus has made significant We’ve partnered with the University arship, educational programs, and progress to date, but much work re- of Chicago Booth School of Business events in the South Side community. mains ahead. Our successes are a re- and Second City to implement the These and many other collaborations sult of the leadership provided by our UChicago Inclusion Workshop series, and programs are making a significant students, staff, scholars, educators, combining decision science and im- impact on our campus. However, diver- and administrators. It’s impossible to provisation to help people learn new sity also requires deep personal work individually recognize all of the people skills for communicating in a diverse from each of us. In order to be truly in- and programs that have contributed, environment. To date, one in seven inclusive, we must allow our individual as- but I’ll share several examples. dividuals on campus has participated sumptions and biases to be challenged, Essential to our strategy is creating a in at least one workshop. our points of view to evolve and change, strong and sustainable infrastructure. A second strategy is designing pro- and ourselves to be held accountable for Deans from every division and school grams, policies, and structures in the environment we create. This work have appointed faculty diversity liai- a human-centered way. The newly can be difficult, but it’s an example of the sons, including a new coordinator in formed D+I Studio supports the cam- University’s commitment to embrace the University of Chicago Laboratory pus community in designing human- challenges and solve complex problems Schools. Additionally, many schools centered programs and projects by for the betterment of society. and divisions have appointed staff interviewing and listening to people. I welcome the ideas and collabo- with expertise in diversity and inclu- Recent projects focus on students with ration of the alumni community in sion. We have a renewed focus on in- disabilities, veterans, the Court The- this effort. Please join our Diversity clusive pedagogy and diversity in the atre, increasing food access, and creat- and Inclusion mailing list by visiting arts. We’ve also strengthened the op- ing local prayer and meditation spaces. diversityinitiative.uchicago.edu to re- erations of a number of existing cam- UChicago is committed to a more di- ceive updates on our progress and in- pus centers, including the Center for verse campus community. Through ev- vitations to related events that would the Study of Race, Politics, and Culture idence-based programs, we’re learning benefit greatly from your attendance (CSRPC) and the Center for Identity new skills and behaviors. With support and participation. Thank you for your

Photography by Anna Knott Anna by Photography + Inclusion. We are also supporting from the Andrew W. Mellon Founda- ongoing support. ◆

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019 9

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Credit 4/26/19 10:04 AM VISIT US ONLINE lse.uchicago.edu SPRING 2019 SPRING |

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MASTERS IN HEALTH POLICY IN HEALTH MASTERS LSE-UCHICAGO DOUBLE EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE DOUBLE LSE-UCHICAGO require global thinking. require global health challenges Solutions to FROM HARRIS PUBLIC POLICY AND THE LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS SCHOOL OF AND THE LONDON PUBLIC POLICY FROM HARRIS LSE Capstone Project SUMMER: LSE Capstone SPRING: MSc Dissertation APRIL–MAY in Chicago 2.5 weeks YEAR 2 NOVEMBER–DECEMBER in London 2.5 weeks Harris Policy Project SUMMER: Harris Policy APRIL–MAY in Chicago 2.5 weeks YEAR 1 NOVEMBER–DECEMBER in London 2.5 weeks 2 YEARS 2 DEGREES 2 CITIES UChicago Journal_v10.indd 10 11 4/26/19 10:04 AM SPRING 2019 SPRING

| 18 by night Philosophy THEUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE 17 Peanut movies! movies! movies! Get movies! your peanutyour 16 Secrets of Secrets RESEARCH AND NEWS IN BRIEF Scav Hunt Scav

12 online? How can we protect protect we our privacy

FRESH DIGS FRESH the in at settle Students the new Center, Keller home of the University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy. opening grand The the for celebration building 1963 renovated 3. will be held on May see “Growth more, For 13. p. Policy,”

UCHICAGO JOURNAL UCHICAGO Photography by Jacob Hand, courtesy Harris School of Public Policy Public of School Harris courtesy Hand, Jacob by Photography w UChicago Journal_v10.indd 11

Credit lse.uchicago.edu VISIT US ONLINE LSE-UCHICAGO DOUBLE EXECUTIVE EXECUTIVE DOUBLE LSE-UCHICAGO POLICY IN HEALTH MASTERS Solutions to global health challenges global thinking. require FROM HARRIS PUBLIC POLICY AND THE LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS SCHOOL OF AND THE LONDON PUBLIC POLICY FROM HARRIS 2 YEARS 2 DEGREES 2 CITIES YEAR 1 NOVEMBER–DECEMBER in London 2.5 weeks APRIL–MAY in Chicago 2.5 weeks Project SUMMER: Harris Policy YEAR 2 NOVEMBER–DECEMBER in London 2.5 weeks APRIL–MAY in Chicago 2.5 weeks SPRING: MSc Dissertation Project SUMMER: LSE Capstone TECHNOLOGY grown from 12.5 billion to 26.7 billion world where the company that makes over the past decade. The firms manu- your toaster knows you’re a lefty who facturing these devices can be so small drives a Honda. (How much this wor- The new that “there is no hope of ensuring that ries you may depend on how many times they’re responsive” to privacy con- you’ve seen 2001: A Space Odyssey.) cerns, “because they have no pressure Yet awareness of privacy concerns panopticon to do so; they have no public reputa- hasn’t provoked large-scale digital tion,” Zhao says. Another consequence disconnection. Users remain on plat- Worried about online of the new generation of gadgetry is forms such as Facebook that have a privacy? Computer science that more firms are collecting (and po- long history of privacy faux pas. They experts worry too. tentially losing or abusing) your data may wish the company would be more than ever before. conscientious about protecting their BY SUSIE ALLEN, AB’09 And collect your data they do. Twen- information—just not enough to log off. ty years ago, believing your phone was But Zhao thinks we may be in the Ben Zhao and Heather Zheng are in- monitoring you was strictly tinfoil hat midst of a sea change, due in part to ternet good guys. The Neubauer Pro- territory. Now we know it’s happening the Cambridge Analytica scandal, in fessors of Computer Science study and blithely go about our business. The which the political consulting firm im- security, privacy, and artificial intelli- mechanisms of tracking user behavior properly gained access to information gence—research interests that led them have become “ridiculously sophisticat- from up to 87 million Facebook users. to discover security vulnerabilities in ed,” Zhao says. In the past five years, The breach provoked more serious and popular services including Facebook “we for sure crossed some line where sustained outrage than Facebook had and the navigation app Waze. … data mining went way beyond what ever seen before. As Lior Strahilevitz, When they ran across these slip-ups, normal people might expect.” Sidley Austin Professor of Law and a in 2009 and 2016, respectively, Zhao Take, for example, ultrasonic track- fellow privacy scholar, told Chicago and Zheng did what white hats do: they ing. Imagine a seemingly innocuous magazine, this scandal was different told the companies, and counted on retail app asking for permission to ac- because “it got tied into bitterness them to make the changes that would cess your phone’s built-in microphone. over the presidential election. … They keep users safe. Zhao says in his experi- Without thinking much about it, you haven’t figured out a way to make this ence, most companies in similar situa- hit “allow.” The simple tap of a button story go away.” And the outrage had a tions were responsible enough to follow allows the app to listen for inaudible, cascade effect, sparking a serious and through. Crisis averted. high-pitched beacons emitted from its sustained conversation about online Today, in rough-and-tumble 2019, partner websites in addition to adver- privacy beyond Facebook. Zhao isn’t opposed to telling compa- tisements and storefronts. That means Zhao is asked—more often than al- nies when they’ve messed up, but he’s the company can know where you’ve most anything else, he says—how peo- no longer sure that alone is enough. been and what ads you’ve seen, online ple can protect themselves in this new The digital landscape has changed and and offline. age. As a first step, he suggests users so has his perspective on privacy. Putting these two things together— limit the companies that have access to The number of internet-enabled the proliferation of internet-enabled their real personal information. Most devices—not just phones and tablets, devices and the rise of data mining– online retailers don’t need to know (for but also things like smart fridges—has fueled marketing—has brought us to a instance) your birthday, so don’t give

The most-novel scientific ideas of the past 60 years came from smaller groups INNOVATION of researchers, according to a February 13 Nature paper from sociologist and Knowledge Lab director James Evans. He and his coauthors (just two) undertook a computational analysis of 42 million scientific papers and their Small hundreds of millions of citations; 5 million patents; and 16 million software projects. They found that smaller teams introduced more novel ideas, and teams that disruption, as measured by citation patterns, dropped as team size grew.

QUICK STUDY Large teams, the researchers found, play a complementary role, expanding think big on or refining the innovative work of small teams. It takes all kinds.—S. A. ◆ IllustrationDavideby Bonazzi/Theispot

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UChicago Journal_v10.indd 12 4/26/19 10:05 AM W. R. HARPER’S INDEX

GROWTH POLICY

Square footage of Harris Public Policy’s previous space at 1155 East 60th Street 50,884

Square footage of the renovated Keller Center, Harris’s new home 120,000

Year the original Edward Durell Stone–designed building opened 1963 Companies are collecting more consumer data than ever before, and there’s “no clear line” between what’s normal and what’s invasive, says computer scientist Ben Zhao. Height, in stories, of the new atrium

it to them, or consider providing inac- of the bracelet. Around half an inch curate information. in diameter, it looks like a tiny round 4 And in the spirit of fighting fire with speaker. fire, he’s designing a high-tech work- Until recently it would have been Exterior columns around for devices such as Amazon hard to imagine anyone would want surrounding the building Echo and Google Home, which, Zhao such a device. (Of course, until recently says, are rife with possibilities for it would have been hard to imagine a hacking and abuse—and are listening smart speaker in your living room ac- to more audio than consumers realize. cidentally recording a personal conver- 72 To combat the risk, he and his gradu- sation and sending it to a colleague.) “I ate students are developing a bracelet think now it is completely believable Solar panels on the green roof that, when activated, emits ultrasonic for there to be a market, maybe even an waves that jam nearby microphones. industry, for privacy-enhancing prod- There’s an early prototype of the ucts,” Zhao says. 354 bracelet and its components in Zhao’s As he exits his office, Zhao discov- lab, just down the hall from his office, ers a crucial vulnerability in perhaps which looks like a Best Buy after a hur- the world’s oldest security system—his Percent of the building’s ricane. Phones, cables, and batteries door, which won’t close. The irony isn’t power derived from are strewn across a large table, and two lost on him. “Privacy!” he says, gestur- the panels computer towers are labeled “Groot” ing to the knob in mock frustration. and “Baby Groot.” Zhao picks up one of Whether online or off, you can only do IllustrationDavideby Bonazzi/Theispot the microphone-disabling components so much. ◆ 11

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UChicago Journal_v11.indd 13 4/26/19 2:47 PM CHICAGO the 1910s and ’20s. “Her stories were black community, she saw mobs of about the excitement of living in the young men out in the streets,” Hart- Black Belt at that time,” Hartfield says. field says. The streetcar driver refused History “What poet Langs- to let Hartfield’s ton Hughes referred grandmother off at matters to as ‘excitement You can think of it her stop. She had from noon to noon.’” this way. History is to ride to the end of In 2014, as Hart- the line and walk Claire Hartfield’s (JD’82) field watched the you if you had been home through “what young adult book explores the footage of protests in born a little earlier. turned out to be, 1919 Chicago race riot. Ferguson, Missouri, when I did research, after Michael Brown the first full day” of BY CARRIE GOLUS, AB’91, AM’93 was killed by a police officer, one of her the weeklong 1919 race riot. grandmother’s stories came to mind. Hartfield’s book A Few Red Drops: When Claire Hartfield, JD’82, was Shortly after her grandmother had The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 (Clarion growing up in Hyde Park, she loved lis- moved up to Chicago from the South, Books, 2018) takes its title from a Carl tening to her grandmother talk about she was riding the streetcar home Sandburg poem. The book, written life as a young woman in Chicago in from work. “As she got closer to the with teens in mind, has received nu- Photography by Jun Fujita, Chicago History Museum, ICHi-065477 Museum, History Chicago Fujita, by Jun Photography

National Guard soldiers, like those shown here, were called out to put a stop to the weeklong race riot, which left 38 people dead

and hundreds more injured. About two-thirds of the wounded were African American. Mendez Guido by Photography

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UChicago Journal_v11.indd 14 4/26/19 2:50 PM QUICK STUDY

MEDICINE Go with your gut

Cow’s milk allergy is the most common childhood food allergy, affecting 2 percent of kids under age 5. According to a study coauthored by UChicago Medi- cine allergy expert Cathryn Nagler, published January 14 in Nature Medicine, a bacterial species called Anaerostipes After graduating from the Law School, Claire Hartfield, JD’82, oversaw the develop- caccae holds the ment of school desegregation plans for the cities of Chicago and Rockford, Illinois. key to relief. The She began to write books for young readers after becoming a parent and realizing researchers trans- that “some stories were not being told, important stories.” planted gut mi- crobes from either healthy or allergic children into germ- merous honors and awards, includ- members in blackface who wanted to free mice raised in a ing the 2019 Coretta Scott King Book keep the riot going. Hartfield’s book digs sterile environment. Award, and was named a 2019 Illinois deep into the complex history of the riot: When exposed to cow’s milk for the Reading Council Top Book to Read “The further back I went, the further first time, mice that and a Chicago Public Library Best of back I had to go,” she said during a talk received intestinal the Best Books 2018. It’s Hartfield’s at 57th Street Books. bacteria from nonal- second book. Her first, the picture During Hartfield’s research, “I lergic children were book Me and Uncle Romie (Dial Books, came to see that it’s intimately tied to fine, but mice with 2002), is a fictionalized story about what we’re going through,” she says. bacteria from allergic

Photography by Jun Fujita, Chicago History Museum, ICHi-065477 Museum, History Chicago Fujita, by Jun Photography Harlem Renaissance collage artist “It’s really a continuum” from the 1919 children had a severe Romare Bearden. riots to the 2014 protests that sparked reaction. Comparing A Few Red Drops begins on a hot her idea. Hartfield wanted young peo- the intestinal tracts July day, at a time when only the rich ple to have that context to understand of the mice enabled had electric fans. Five black teenag- the present. the researchers to ers decided to cool off by floating on On her website, clairehartfield.com, single out A. caccae a raft in Lake Michigan. When they she confesses she once made a list of as the protective drifted too close to what was then the the 10 best excuses for getting out of element. “This study “white” beach, a white man began history class at Kenwood Academy. allows us to define a throwing stones. One of the teens, She began to understand why history causal relationship Eugene Williams, was hit in the head mattered when she was asked to join and shows that the and drowned. an anti-apartheid march in 1977—and microbiota itself can The killing sparked a week of racial wanted to know how apartheid had dictate whether or violence and arson. By the end, 38 peo- happened in the first place. not you get an aller- ple had died (23 black and 15 white) and “You can think of it this way,” Hart- gic response,” Nag‑ a Lithuanian neighborhood had been field writes. “History is you if you had ler says.—S. A. ◆

Photography by Guido Mendez Guido by Photography burned to the ground by Irish gang been born a little earlier.” ◆

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UChicago Journal_v11.indd 15 4/26/19 3:09 PM WHIMSY What we learned from a new book about Scav

Certain Scav Hunt stories are enshrined in campus 3 lore. Most Maroons know, for instance, about the students who built a working nuclear reactor to It’s a global complete a 500-point item on the 1999 list. phenomenon. But there are years of Scav stories—unexpected In 2015 alumni competitor triumphs and hilarious misadventures alike—known Erica Pohnan, AB’07, only to a select few insiders. In the new book We completed item 293 Made Uranium! And Other True Stories from the 1 (hypnotize a chicken) from Borneo, Indonesia, where University of Chicago’s Extraordinary Scavenger D-Bevs is game. Hunt (University of Chicago Press, 2019), editor she was doing fieldwork. She successfully entranced a Leila Sales, AB’06, assembled the very best Shakespeare scholar David chicken for one minute and 40 Scav Hunt tales for the world to marvel at. We Bevington, the Phyllis Fay seconds, and sent the video to scavenged a few for your amusement.—S. A. Horton Distinguished Service prove it. Professor Emeritus, has come to the aid of several Scav Hunt teams. In 1992 he acted out a scene from Wayne’s World and in 2006 he donned a pair of short-shorts—all for the cause.

4 Scavvies know how to even the score. 2 What if the real Chicago newsman Mike Royko was fond of taking digs at hunt is for love? UChicago undergraduates in his columns, so Scavvies Nora Friedman, AB’05, and fought back by including a Colin McFaul, AB’05, got Royko-themed item on several engaged in response to a years of lists (for instance: a 2005 item referring to Meat pair of Royko-autographed Loaf’s “I’ll Do Anything For socks; a letter by Royko on Donahue by Charlie Illustrations Love (But I Won’t Do That),” Tribune stationery reading which instructed participants “the University of Chicago to “do that.” A decade is a Great Institute of Higher later, Emily Pelka, AB’09, Learning and a Most Excellent and Christian Kammerer’s Party Zone”). Royko was so (AB’03, SM’06, PhD’09) exasperated by the pestering wedding was an official part that he began leaving town

of the 2015 hunt. each year during Scav. Photoscourtesy Ron McAdow, AB’71

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UChicago Journal_v10.indd 16 4/26/19 10:05 AM CINEMA Peanut gallery

In Ron McAdow’s (AB’71) children’s films, snacks are the stars.

BY SEAN CARR, AB’90

“Are the peanuts going to eat the fork?” That possibility weighed heavily for one little girl at New York’s Museum of Modern Art on a Saturday afternoon in February. She (presumably accompanied by a primary caregiver or two) was there for Family Films: Not-So- Ordinary Objects, a bill of four shorts that, along with early Pixar effort Luxo The allergen auteur: In films like Hank the Cave Peanut (1974) and Captain Silas (1977), Jr. (1986), included Hank the Cave Pea- Ron McAdow, AB’71, found levity in legumes. nut (1974), in which a pith-helmeted legume leads a successful hunt for an untamed fork. This empathy for flatware was tion using a Super 8 camera. When the most important—have a natural bump new—and “very comical”—to Hank’s two were laid off with plenty of sum- of a nose, so “you didn’t have to paint director, Ron McAdow, AB’71, who was mer left to fill, they got serious about any eyes because people just project on hand at MOMA for a post-screen- messing around with Brown’s new toy. a face onto them.” (McAdow learned ing Q&A. He was on firmer ground McAdow returned to the College that only later that rounded shapes work with more technical fall with his own better in animation. “Mickey Mouse,” questions: Did he use used camera. Soon he notes, “is just a bunch of spheres.”) a green screen? No, Peanuts were the the Super 8 movies In the late ’70s, McAdow began and in his day they anthropomorph of he was making in his “working directly with children in- used a blue screen. Hyde Park Boulevard stead of through films,” including McAdow didn’t choice: “You didn’t apartment were a hit several years teaching English, math, enter the College have to paint any on the student party science, and history to elementary planning on a career eyes because people circuit. By the time and middle schoolers. He kept the cre- in animation. It was McAdow graduated, ative fires stoked through writing: a more by a process just project a face he and Brown had newspaper column, canoeing guides of elimination that onto them.” moved to Cambridge, to the Sudbury and Charles Rivers in he arrived there. Massachusetts, and Massachusetts—Hank includes a nod He liked to write been “invited to hang to McAdow’s lifelong passion for pad- but didn’t want to major in English out our shingle as filmmakers for chil- dling—and two novels. or study writing. “I thought I might dren,” creating short segments for the A subsequent career in educational become an academic of some kind, in television show Jabberwocky. software helped him keep abreast of anthropology or some other social sci- Over the next several years, as they the latest digital tools. He now applies Illustrations by Charlie Donahue by Charlie Illustrations ence field,” he says, but a student job plugged away on the show, McAdow those to creating animated backdrops in the sociology department convinced made two longer shorts, Hank—which to the stories he tells each fall at a him otherwise. led to a gig on the math-oriented pro- wildlife sanctuary near his home—an Then McAdow spent a summer back gram Infinity Factory—and Captain alternative for “families that want to home in Champaign, Illinois, filling Silas (1977). (Both can be found on do something besides go to the mall potholes—a “fun” job, he claims—with YouTube.) Peanuts were the anthropo- the day after Thanksgiving.” His latest a high school friend, Kevin Brown, who morph of choice because they come in tale, “The Sky Worm,” is peanut-free,

Photoscourtesy Ron McAdow, AB’71 had recently gotten into object anima- different “skin tones” and sizes and— and no forks are harmed. ◆

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UChicago Journal_v10.indd 17 4/26/19 10:06 AM PHILOSOPHY A little night musing Even at 20 below, after- hours philosophy events draw a crowd.

BY JACK WANG

Agnes Callard didn’t know how many students would show. Nearly two years ago, the University of Chicago philosopher booked a room in the basement of Ida Noyes Hall for her fledgling event. She brought More than 200 people turned out to hear Agnes Callard and economist Tyler Cowen enough cookies for about 30 peo- on January 31, despite the zero-degree temperatures. ple—an optimistic number, given the feedback from well-meaning friends and colleagues. “Don’t expect too much,” one people not that you’re necessarily the a thesis, or toward graduate school—but warned, “because this is pretty weird.” smartest, or that you’re going to be none of them involved the actual prac- “Even if 10 people show up, you’ve the most successful, but that you’re tice of philosophy. done something good,” said another. the one who cares the most,” she says. Night Owls, which she now runs More than 100 packed that room, “You’re the one for whom being here with department administrator Wil- sitting atop and underneath tables to means and matters the most.” liam Weaver, LAB’80, AB’84, was her discuss the topic of the night: “Is Phi- Callard would know. She arrived at attempt to fill a void. losophy a Blood Sport?” UChicago as an undergraduate more Inspired by a conversation with a And so Night Owls was born. Cal- than two decades ago, hoping to study friend who teaches at St. John’s Col- lard’s late-night discussion gives physics because she “cared about the lege, Callard launched the late-night students and faculty a distinctive op- truth.” But after tak- philosophy discus- portunity to explore philosophical ing classes in the sion—one led by topics—offering what the UChicago as- College’s Core cur- This feels like the way faculty but tailored sociate professor sees as a way to break riculum, she began to spin off in what- intellectual inquiry out of classroom to realize that truths philosophy should be ever direction stu- confines. As the clock ticks toward might exist in other done. Late at night, dents want. Rather midnight, people feel a little looser, a fields—ones that inter- with snacks—and than close reading little less self-conscious, a little braver ested her more than classical texts like with their questions. atoms and molecules. attended by a ton of in class, Night Owls The enthusiasm from that first night So she majored in phi- people who are really offers a chance to has only grown. This past fall, Callard, losophy, going on to engage with the big AB’97, and her ex-husband, Ben Callard, earn her PhD from the invested in these questions that push a UChicago lecturer, hosted the most University of Califor- people toward phi- types of questions. Photography by Eddie Quinones popular Night Owls to date: “The Phi- nia, Berkeley. losophy in the first losophy of Divorce.” The room filled up When she became place: What exists? so quickly, roughly a third of the esti- the Department of Philosophy’s di- What does it mean to live a good life? mated 300 students who arrived were rector of undergraduate studies in What is the meaning of death? turned away at the door. 2017, Callard noticed that most exist- “This feels like the way philosophy The popularity of Night Owls re- ing events had an administrative bent. should be done,” says Anya Marchenko, flects a trait Callard loves about UChi- They were valuable in their own way— AB’17, a regular attendee. “Late at

cago students. “You want to prove to guiding students to the major, through night, with snacks—and attended by a Quinones Eddie by Photography

18 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

UChicago Journal_v10.indd 18 4/26/19 10:06 AM ton of people who are really invested in these types of questions.” “Night Owls is the epitome of the fun and rigorous inquiry that drew me to UChicago,” says fourth-year Nora Bradford. “Where else would you find this many people gathering for three hours on a weeknight to talk about philosophy?” Fellow fourth-year Nur Banu Sim- sek has missed just one event, absent only because she was out of the country. The series, she says, has “honestly been one of my favorite parts of the overall College experience.” This past January Night Owls Agnes Callard wanted students to be able to ask big questions at Night Owls events— faced a new test. The latest session the kinds of questions that drew them to study philosophy in the first place. was scheduled at the tail end of a po- lar vortex, which saw temperatures dip to negative 20 and prompted the University to cancel more than a day or so made do without seats, standing Economics is, in short, what econo- of classes and nonessential activities. in a back corner or sprawling out on mists do. Callard considered canceling Night the hardwood floor. But it wasn’t until the session opened Owls too. But her guest, George Mason Callard and Cowen settled in on up to students that the evening tilted to- University economist Tyler Cowen, stage, accompanied by a small tur- ward the most pressing question. One had already landed at O’Hare Interna- quoise owl statue. In a discussion billed young woman near the front of the tional Airport. Weather for the 9 p.m. as “Philosophy vs. Economics: The room spoke up. A student of both eco- start time was forecast to hover around Battle for Your Soul,” the two assumed nomics and philosophy, she asked the zero degrees, unpleasant but bearable. their roles as friendly adversaries, eager professors to say it plain: Which field is Opening the doors to those willing to to win over the young minds gathered better? No consensus was reached. brave the cold, she decided, was a better before them. “The students really want to know option than trying to reschedule. Callard opened with a shot across the answers,” Callard says. “There’s More than 200 people turned up, Cowen’s bow. “Welcome, philoso- nothing in those questions of trying warming themselves with hot choco- phers,” she said, “and future philoso- to be impressive or showing that they late and coffee after trekking through phers.” For the next two hours, the know anything. snow. Night Owls had returned to Ida scholars circled from the existential “There’s a hunger and demand in Noyes Hall—but instead of the base- to the comical to the tautological. them that—‘OK, finally, I get to ask you ment, students filed into the third- Should we put a price on human life? this question that really bothers me. floor theater, flanked on either side by (“It’s always context dependent.”) And it never fit in any class I’ve ever Renaissance-inspired murals. A dozen You want us to do philosophy … faster? been in. And you better answer it.’” ◆

Global temperatures are rising, and more Americans are warming to the sci- CLIMATE entific evidence on climate change. A November survey of 1,202 US adults by the Energy Policy Institute and NORC at the University of Chicago found that Photography by Eddie Quinones recent extreme weather events—floods, hurricanes, wildfi es—have played a Survey big role in changing people’s views. Nearly half of Americans say the science on climate change is more persuasive than it was five years ago; of that group, says: It’s 76 percent said extreme weather patterns were responsible for their new-

QUICK STUDY found receptivity. Overall, seven in 10 Americans believe climate change is a heating up reality and most agree it is caused at least in part by human activity.—S. A. ◆ Photography by Eddie Quinones Eddie by Photography

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UChicago Journal_v10.indd 19 4/26/19 10:06 AM In discussion (from left), theologian William Schweiker, philosopher Daniel C. Dennett, interim Divinity School dean and moderator David Nirenberg, and religious scholar Reza Aslan.

SOCIETY These shopworn arguments—and religion. What do you think religion is their standard rebuttals—were no- for?” Dennett asked rhetorically, about where to be found at a panel discus- a half hour into the event. “Every hu- sion on religion held at the Reva and man group that’s ever been studied has True believers David Logan Center for the Arts in the common cold. What is it for?” Did February. Instead, the speakers fo- religion take hold because of its value Debating religion’s meaning cused on something more tangible: the for humans, or did it merely go viral, and future, three scholars spar function, meaning, and future of faith. making us sick in the head? but find common ground. What is religion to us? This sort of talk can raise the collec- Organized by the Stevanovich In- tive blood pressure in a room, calling BY LUCAS MCGRANAHAN stitute on the Formation of Knowl- to mind the classic advice about which edge, the panel was composed of topics shouldn’t be discussed at the din- The philosophical canon is well best-selling author and religious ner table. But a degree of tension is nat- stocked with arguments for the ex- scholar Reza Aslan, atheist philoso- ural when people’s deepest-held beliefs istence of God. An active force was pher Daniel C. Dennett, and theolo- are debated in the open. It’s a sign that necessary to set the cosmos in motion gian William Schweiker, the Edward L. an important issue is being touched (the cosmological argument). Nature Ryerson Distinguished Service Pro- upon instead of politely held at bay. Photography by Eddie Quinones is too well engineered not to be the fessor of Theological Ethics and an The formidable task of facilita- result of intelligence (the argument ordained Methodist minister. In terms tion was handled by interim Divin- from design). And the one that tries to of sympathy or antipathy for religion, ity School dean David Nirenberg, who win it all on a semantic technicality: it was two against one: Aslan and demonstrated a keen sense of the value God, defined as the greatest of all be- Schweiker are believers; Dennett’s pre- of comic relief. After Dennett pro- ings, must necessarily exist, since not ferred analogy for religion is a virus. posed a thought experiment—imagine existing would be, well, not great (the “Now, every human group that’s we could each achieve immortality by ontological argument). ever been studied had something like a backing up our brains every Friday—

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UChicago Journal_v10.indd 20 4/26/19 10:06 AM QUICK STUDY

Nirenberg had a quibble: “Friday is out chemistry operating within our brains? of the question—it’s Shabbat.” Dennett has worked to resolve this is- ECOLOGY But Dennett had a serious point: sue in print, taking a middle-road philo- we seem to be missing something sophical position called compatibilism. important when we engage in the re- Aslan sounded more cavalier: “Actions Wipeout ligious—or techno-utopian—search and thoughts are directly caused by for the infinite. Schweiker shared the neural activity—and so what?” Every species has concern, calling this the “root ques- During the question period, ecology an ecological job, or tion” of the evening: “Do we value and evolution professor emeritus Jerry niche, and is vulner- finitude, or have traditional religions Coyne remarked on the high level of able to layoff during and some scientific agreement among a mass extinction. In discourse really dimin- the speakers—en- a 2018 paper in the ished the worth of finite This sort of talk can abled by their Proceedings of the National Academy of existence in the hope of raise the collective avoidance of spe- some eternality?” Isn’t cific doctrinal is- Sciences, paleontolo- the limited nature of blood pressure in sues—calling the gist David Jablon- existence what makes a room, calling to event a “secular ski and colleagues life—each day, each love fest.” Coyne, examined the fate moment—matter? mind the classic an atheist activ- of marine bivalves By the discussion’s advice about which ist, asked the two (oysters, clams, and the like) during three end, there had been per- topics shouldn’t believers on stage, haps more agreement “Do you even care extinction events: a than one might have be discussed at the whether God ex- sudden wipeout at the end of the Creta- expected. All panelists ists or whether dinner table. ceous period, likely took the position that there’s an immor- the result of a meteor private religious beliefs tal soul?” or volcanic erup- should be given no special weight in “Of course I care,” Aslan said. “But tions; a more gradual public discourse. “If your faith has cer- I also recognize that both of those late Paleozoic dev- tain precepts that you think are deeply statements are utterly, ridiculously un- astation, thought to important morally, your obligation is provable.” Schweiker responded that be caused by climate not to play the faith card but to explain faith, to him, is primarily a practical or sea level change; [them] in terms that everybody else can matter. “It may entail speculative and and the mass extinc- understand,” Dennett said in an impas- metaphysical beliefs, but I think most tion underway today. sioned moment. “And the fact that it’s folks are religious because they’re con- To the researchers’ written in your holy scripture doesn’t cerned with how to orient their lives in surprise, at least count for anything at all.” Aslan and certain ways.” one species in every Schweiker quickly agreed. As for the future of religion, Dennett ecological niche All panelists were also happy to took heart in opinion polls showing that survived the two view religion as a part of history and religious affiliation is on the decline. But early mass extinc- culture, subject to the folly and myo- the others denied that such polls spell tions. This contrasts pia of any human endeavor. Indeed, the demise of spirituality, broadly speak- with the current the core of Schweiker’s philosophy, ing. (And some polls, Aslan pointed out, wave of extinction, as he laid it out in response to an au- suggest that religious affiliation is rising which is killing off dience question, is that human think- in non-Western countries.) For Aslan, niches in the poles ing is “mediated through cultural and religion—or the primeval “religious but not the tropics. linguistic forms that develop through impulse”—is universal. He also empha- By understanding time. Our knowledge is always, there- sized religion’s role in forming people’s how diffe ent types Photography by Eddie Quinones fore, deeply historical, deeply fallible, identities, which can be a deeper and of mass extinctions affect functional va- and deeply humane.” more important function than merely riety, the researchers None of the panelists seemed con- telling people what to believe. “We’ve hope to predict how cerned that a neurological perspec- been talking about the death of God for a Earth’s ecosystems tive might challenge human freedom. very, very long time,” Aslan said, “and all will be disrupted in Are we the true authors of our actions? you have to do is look around the world the future.—S. A. ◆ What if our “choices” are just the re- to know that God is still very much alive. sult of the ironclad laws of physics and For better or worse.” ◆

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019 21

UChicago Journal_v10.indd 21 4/26/19 10:06 AM UChicago Journal_v10.indd 22 resources. community of a network through into the home, school, and neighborhood extending even recovery, and discharge center and continuing support during medical the in families and children to care BHC Collaborative provides personalized Collaborative for Family Resilience. The under the Block Hassenfeld Casdin services community and clinical expand and integrate will April, in announced gift, The abuse. child or violence, sexual or domestic, by gun, caused trauma of Limits with Rebecca Jarvis Rebecca with Limits podcasts the of creator and host is Jarvis College. the in students graduating of accomplishments the celebrates and event kicks o The 14. June on ceremony Day Class College’s the at speak will News, ABC at and their families recover from the e the from recover families their and programs aimed at helping young patients provide support for UChicago Medicine will Foundation Family Hassenfeld the and Foundation Family Block Ronald and Ellen the from gift A million $9.1 SUPPORT TRAUMA For the record and previously served as associate dean dean associate as served previously and York, New Geneva, in Colleges Smith William engagement and chaplain at Hobart and was most recently the dean for spiritual priest, Episcopal an Charles, Chapels. Bond and Rockefeller at programming arts and music and ceremonies, services, religious life, spiritual oversee will He 1. July effective Chapel, Memorial of Rockefeller named dean PhD’13, was MDiv’90, Charles Maurice GROWTH SPIRITUAL 22 22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAGAZINE CHICAGO OF UNIVERSITY THE , ff convocation weekend for religious life at Stanford economics correspondent University. technology, and chief business, SPEECH! SPEECH! AB’03, the , which features Rebecca Jarvis journalist Emmy-winning SPEECH! SPEECH! No ff ects ects , | SPRING 2019 Nightline nature’s particles. highest-energy and matter dark and energy dark to related to researchers investigating questions home is Institute Kavli the universe, the of to understanding the origin and evolution Particle Astrophysics Center. Dedicated Sciences Division and director of Fermilab’s Physical the of dean as served previously has Astrophysics, and Astronomy of Compton Distinguished Service Professor Holly Arthur the Kolb, 1. April on Physics build the $500 million computer at Argonne. contracted Intel and Cray Computing to breakthroughs. The Department of Energy potential other and brain, human the searching for dark matter, mapping approaches to new possible make will and second per quintillion (one billion billion) calculations a of capable be will 2021, in completed be to scheduled Aurora, States. United the be the most powerful supercomputer in to expected is what of home future the as Argonne National Laboratory was selected AGETHE OF AURORA Hub, which o GIS the and facility; visualization and Lab, a digital fabrication, prototyping, Arts Hack the games; of development and research the on collaborate can faculty and Lab; the Weston Game Lab, where students expanded Computer Science Instructional Among the MADD Center’s resources are an data visualization, and digital fabrication. games, virtual and augmented reality, and scientific importance, including video cultural of technologies about learn and space offers opportunities to create, study, Crerar Library. The 20,000-square-foot John the in 25 February opened Center (MADD) Design and Data, Arts, Media The MADD ABOUT YOU the Kolb W. “Rocky” Edward INFINITE THE FOR AN INSTITUTE America for reports Jarvis Holmes. and fall of Theranos entrepreneur Elizabeth and success, to in software and hardware. to geographical information systems of the Kavli Kavli the of fl uential women discussing their paths early universe, became director director became universe, early , , and , and World News Tonight News World Institute for Cosmological ff This Week This fi ers training on and access The Dropout nding cancer treatments, . , a scholar of of , a scholar Good Morning , about the rise rise the , about

, 20/20 , history of China and Europe circa 1800. 1800. circa Europe and China of history a comparative 2000), Press, University for known Europe and East Asia. Pomeranz is best M THE di geographic and cultural of impact the and economy world the of origins the examines also He China. 20th-century and society, and economy on late-imperial History, studies the in Chinese Modern of Professor University interdisciplinary research. Pomeranz, a and innovative honor prizes The year. this awarded Prizes David Dan million $1 three of one received China, modern of scholar Pomeranz Kenneth In February BOOKS HISTORY ONE cocaptain team UChicago’s lacrosse club team, including The squad includes former members of DePauw. over victory 18–4 an with Field Stagg at 23 February debut NCAA its made Chicago of University the at team The inaugural varsity women’s lacrosse TO IT STICKING the Maroons were 13–2 overall. 13–2 were Maroons the time press of As says. Jonge De history,” making we’re like feels finitely de “It 2020. generations,” she says. future for works these preserve to used be can it how and art of works about us tell analysis can fascinated by what scientifi career in museum conservation. “I’m a pursue to hopes and spectroscopy, conservation science, with a focus on study to plans Purdy art, in interest chemistry major with a long-standing ff AC erences on economic development in FOR FOR RO RO , a leading , a leading The Great Divergence of Cambridge next year. A year. next Cambridge of

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4/26/19 10:06 AM

by Cliff Moore; photography by Eddie Quinones; photo courtesy ABC News ABC courtesy photo Quinones; Eddie by photography Moore; Cliff by Clockwise from top left: Photo courtesy Hobart and William Smith Colleges; photography photography Colleges; Smith William and Hobart courtesy Photo left: top from Clockwise

Illustration by John Jay Cabuay You start developing techniques and ideas on how to make someone’s heart, maybe not perfect, but good enough that they can avoid a transplant.

What stands out about the triple transplants? We started off with Daru and the heart transplant went well. Then we were able to hand off to the liver transplant team. But the heart team can’t go home until all the transplants get done in case there’s a problem. That’s a team of nurses, perfusionists, physician as- INTERVIEW sistants, and anesthesiologists. There were people who were here for more than 40 hours straight. Gifts of life Sarah was much more difficult from a heart perspective. She was turned A cardiac surgeon on two transplant triumphs. down by multiple surgeons, because they said she was too high-risk. When BY LAURA DEMANSKI, AM’94, AND SUSIE ALLEN, AB’09 I first heard about her, on paper, it looked like something we just couldn’t In December, a team at UChicago fascinated by the products of my hands. accomplish. But the second we saw Medicine pulled off an unprecedented That’s what drew me to surgery. Sarah, and we saw her energy, her per- surgical feat, completing two triple- When I was eight years old, my sonality, it drove us to say, “No matter organ transplants in the same 27-hour grandfather died in India while we what, we have to help her.” period. The procedures transformed watched. At that time people didn’t Her previous surgeon was instru- the lives of Sarah McPharlin and Daru know about CPR. They didn’t know mental in guiding me through her Smith, who are both recovering well. about how to resuscitate people. That surgery. He sent me an email saying, Liver surgeon Talia Baker, kidney sur- gave me a fascination with treating “May God bless you and your skill in geon Yolanda Becker, and heart surgeon heart disease as well. pulling this off.” I thought, when a sur- Clockwise from top left: Photo courtesy Hobart and William Smith Colleges; photography Valluvan Jeevanandam performed the geon starts invoking a higher power, transplants. Jeevanandam went first. Beyond transplants, what kinds he must know something I don’t. He’s been part of all six triple-trans- of surgeries do you perform? by Cliff Moore; photography by Eddie Quinones; photo courtesy ABC News ABC courtesy photo Quinones; by Eddie photography Moore; by Cliff plants performed at UChicago—the What is unusual about most of any institution in the world— I do what we call heart failure surgery. UChicago’s heart transplant and has done about 1,500 heart trans- Some of that is transplant, some of it program? plants in total. is mechanical assist devices. The vast Even for an experienced transplant majority is valve work and bypass work We not only do extraordinarily high- surgeon, these two procedures were that we do with patients who have very risk cases but we also have extraordi- demanding—like “doing two marathons poor function. We’re recreating and narily good outcomes. Our survival rate back-to-back,” says Jeevanandam, the trying to resurrect their heart. includes the high-risk population, the chief of cardiac surgery. His comments When I became the director of a multiple-organ patient population, and below have been edited and condensed. heart transplant program, I quickly we’re one of the very few programs in came to realize you couldn’t trans- the world that take Jehovah’s Witnesses, Why did you become a surgeon? plant everybody. There are people who will not accept blood transfusions. who have medical reasons they can’t We have to be pretty confident of our In medical school I was interested in be transplanted, psychosocial rea- surgical skills to be able to pull that off. all aspects of medicine, but with sur- sons—and the number one reason is We have a really dedicated program. gery you get immediate gratification, in there’s only about 3,000 hearts avail- There’s never a question that if there’s that you create or fix something and get able in the United States each year. a donor for a recipient, that recipient is an immediate result. I do a lot of wood- There are a lot more people who have going to get the organ, no matter how

IllustrationJohnby Jay Cabuay work and carpentry, so I’ve always been heart disease. many hoops we need to go through. ◆

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UChicago Journal_v10.indd 23 4/26/19 10:07 AM POLITICS

SAVING DEMOCRACY Two legal scholars argue that the political system we cherish is unlikely to collapse but could be chipped away.

BY JASON KELLY

ungary’s prime min- Save a Constitutional Democracy (Uni- ister Viktor Orbán versity of Chicago Press, 2018), the came to prominence ubiquity of Orbán’s image on Budapest more than three billboards does not reflect the prime decades ago as an minister’s popularity. ardent dissident Instead, that ubiquity is the result of leading a youth legislation enacted after his 2010 elec- movement known tion victory, in which Fidesz captured a as Fidesz. In a 1989 two-thirds parliamentary supermajor- oration in Budapest’s Heroes’ Square, ity. With that legislative advantage, the Hhe called for free elections and the party passed a law regulating billboards withdrawal of Soviet troops. When one that ensconced a party-affiliated rally turned violent, Orbán thrust him- company as the market’s controlling self between police and a fellow opposi- power by driving the competition out of tion leader, absorbing blows from state business. Opposition flyers have since authorities. If the reformist vision of a been largely relegated to trees and util- post-Soviet thriv- ity poles, and newer ing Hungarian de- regulations have mocracy had a face, further tightened it was the thin and the government’s AP Photo/MTI, Istvan Csaba Toth; Illustration by Ana Yael by Ana Toth; Illustration Csaba Istvan Photo/MTI, AP scruffy Orbán’s. control of political His remains the advertising. face of Hungary’s Other legislative government—in action under Or- part because it’s bán restructured the only picture of a the entire system political leader that of government. people are likely Parliament in 2011 to see in public. As adopted a new con- University of Chi- stitution that gave cago law professors Fidesz power over Tom Ginsburg and the judiciary and Aziz Z. Huq note in A young Viktor Orbán addressed a control of previous- their book How to crowd at Heroes’ Square, July 16, 1989. ly independent ad-

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UCH_Democracy_v4.indd 24 4/26/19 11:30 AM AP Photo/MTI, Istvan Csaba Toth; Illustration by Ana Yael by Ana Toth; Illustration Csaba Istvan Photo/MTI, AP

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UCH_Democracy_v4.indd 25 4/26/19 11:31 AM ministrative commissions overseeing of many small weakening steps is to ty Press, explores the question of what elections, the budget, and the media. dismantle the possibility of democrat- political processes best foster “the ide- Hungary remains an ostensible de- ic competition, leaving only its facade.” al that citizens are all equally in charge mocracy, holding regular elections, of their common life.” He presents passing laws in parliament, and adju- reforms intended to better align the dicating conflicts in the courts. But the emocracies contain a paradox. procedures of judicial review and es- legal changes since 2010 have given Policies that erode democratic tablishment of legislative districts, for the ruling party’s slogan a ring of in- D rule but have a modicum of example, with the principle of equal- evitability: “Only Fidesz!” popular support can be said to be the ity at the ballot box. In Wilson’s esti- With its government institutions will of the people. In the United States, mation, many factors undermine that stacked in one party’s favor, the coun- for example, the power to implement principle in the United States, such as try presents symptoms of what Gins- partisan gerrymandering of legislative the political influence of money. burg and Huq call democratic erosion. districts or to institute voting restric- For Ginsburg and Huq, a healthy de- Their analysis of recent global political tions accrues to electoral winners. mocracy rests on three pillars: free and history shows that imperiled democ- “One person’s antidemocratic move,” fair elections, freedom of expression racies rarely end in sudden seizures says Ginsburg, “is another’s reflection and association, and “the bureaucratic of power such as military coups. In- of the popular will.” rule of law”—that is, independent instead they tend to suffer “death by a stitutions such as the Federal Reserve, thousand cuts”—the degradation of the Federal Emergency Management legal protections for citizens, civil THE CUMULATIVE Agency, election and communications servants, and political opponents, and commissions, and the Central Intelli- the weakening of institutions’ inde- EFFECT OF gence Agency. How to Save a Constitu- pendence from the governing regime. MANY SMALL tional Democracy assesses the strength Democracy seldom can be said to have of those three structural foundations disappeared altogether in such cases; WEAKENING in different countries and identifies instead it remains in a diluted form STEPS IS TO tactics common in countries experi- that gives the cover of legitimacy to DISMANTLE THE encing autocratic creep. leaders who have exploited the system The authors point out that the to expand their power. POSSIBILITY OF strengths and weaknesses of any Democratic erosion often occurs by DEMOCRATIC democracy coexist in a complex means that do not violate the law, such patchwork. In the United States, for as Hungary’s power-consolidating leg- COMPETITION, instance, they believe that freedom islation, all passed through proper par- LEAVING ONLY of expression and association remain liamentary processes. Leaders with ITS FACADE. strong but that the electoral system authoritarian impulses in Venezuela, lacks the independent oversight essen- Turkey, and Russia, among other na- tial to maintaining its integrity. tions, have used similar legal means UChicago political scientist James According to How to Save a Con- to tighten their grip on power. In all, Lindley Wilson agrees. “Antidemocratic stitutional Democracy, the forces of Ginsburg and Huq found examples of laws are, in one respect, a kind of ex- democratic decay often orbit around significant “democratic backsliding” pression of democracy, but in another the sun of “charismatic populists,” di- in 25 countries since World War II. respect, they’re undermining democ- visive leaders who speak to aggrieved Since many antidemocratic strate- racy as it exists over time,” he says. “It constituencies with protectionist, na- gies have the tacit support of the peo- really can be the case that what’s being tionalistic overtones. ple, enacted through constitutional implemented respects democracy—it’s Populist movements, Ginsburg notes, amendments or legislative processes, just that what the people have demo- have value, often emerging when “the “Alarm in response to each of them can cratically decided to do is infringe system is not delivering to a significant thus be condemned as excessive or his- people’s rights.” number of people.” But “to govern as a trionic,” Ginsburg and Huq wrote in a Wilson’s book Democratic Equality, populist is very different than to run

2017 article. “But the cumulative effect forthcoming from Princeton Universi- as a populist.” From their bully pulpits PhotographyLloydby DeGrane, courtesy the University ofChicago Law School

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UCH_Democracy_v4.indd 26 4/26/19 11:31 AM charismatic populists tend tion itself, Article I, Section 4, to demonize immigrants granting the management of and minorities as invaders elections to state legislatures. and delegitimize the op- In addition to permitting a position as disloyal, even technocratic supervisory criminal. Such leaders “are role like secretary of state to not judged on their actual become a partisan elected record,” Ginsburg and Huq position, the constitutional write, but on the harmony provision opens the door to between their rhetoric and gerrymandered congressio- the deeply felt grievances nal districts. Ginsburg and of supporters.” Orbán is one Huq perceives in the United States “the loss of a common set of Huq consider this section of several contemporary ex- facts upon which judgment in politics is made.” “the single biggest source of amples Ginsburg and Huq democratic dysfunction in cite—including Vladimir the US Constitution.” Putin in Russia, Rodrigo Duterte in the ing for blood,” the legal scholars write. “We think partisan districting is Philippines, and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan “Some threats to liberal constitutional a core problem in the United States,” in Turkey, to name a few. democracies do not announce them- they wrote last fall in an online sym- Donald Trump is another. His 2016 selves as such. And they are all the posium about the book, “as it has pro- election motivated the legal scholars more dangerous for it.” duced a set of representatives much to write their book, but they portray more polarized than the general public.” the president more as a symptom than The practice of state legislatures the cause of the American democratic rian Kemp ran for governor in drawing district lines to create safe ills they diagnose. “We followed these the same 2018 election he over- congressional seats—undertaken by issues for several years,” Ginsburg B saw as Georgia’s secretary of both major parties—creates noncom- says. They treat the United States as state. In Kansas, Kris Kobach did the petitive races that disproportionately just one of many countries “in which same before recusing himself amid a re- populate Washington with ideologues there’s pressure on the democracy,” count during the Republican primary. from left and right extremes. And and their interest is less in the current Kobach won the Republican nomina- whether a sitting secretary of state administration than in the “structural tion but lost to Democrat Laura Kelly runs for another offic or not, the in- forces at work casting shadows on the in the state’s general election. Kemp, a cumbent’s place within the political persistence of liberal constitutional Republican, became Georgia’s governor apparatus in states where it’s a parti- democracy” here and abroad. after a controversial race in which his san elected position contributes to the While not sounding the alarm for an opponent, Democrat Stacey Abrams, perception of a thumb on the scale. impending democratic collapse here, claimed that he imposed voting restric- Those electoral circumstances exist Ginsburg and Huq do warn against tions as secretary of state that benefi ed in many places throughout the United complacency on the part of citizens his gubernatorial candidacy. States. Still, there’s a prevailing belief of democracies. With the exception of For the purposes of evaluating a among US citizens, and many schol- the Philippine president Duterte, they democracy’s strength, from Ginsburg ars, that the country is insulated from write, seldom does a political leader or and Huq’s perspective, the truth of the the worst antidemocratic abuses seen party announce an overt intention to accusations is almost beside the point. around the world. In many local, state, restrict rights or to establish a power The fact that state laws allow partisan and national races, for example, there monopoly. Would-be authoritarians elected officials to be candidates in is genuine doubt about which candi- have developed sophisticated deceptive races they supervise invites conflicts date will prevail. Elective offices often techniques, working within the system of interest. “There’s no definition of alternate among parties, with one in to wrest the levers of government from democracy that I know of that says power for a cycle or two, then voted the people they purport to represent. that’s OK,” Ginsburg says. into the opposition—a rotation that “Not every wolf bares its teeth and Yet the legal basis for such circum- contributes to democratic well-being.

PhotographyLloydby DeGrane, courtesy the University ofChicago Law School claws or stands outside the door bay- stances comes from the US Constitu- The notion of a loyal opposition

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UCH_Democracy_v4.indd 27 4/26/19 11:32 AM itself strikes Huq as essential to any emies, and his impugning the Justice ployed by charismatic populists. Such healthy democracy. Over time, each Department. At the same time, they politicians often work within a coun- party will take its turn in the minor- emphasize that the threats to US de- try’s constitutional system, foment- ity position. When a governing regime mocracy do not begin or end with one ing a “slow, insidious curtailment of starts equating opposition with trea- man. “The risks are structural, rather democratic institutions and traditions.” son, he says, “that’s a significant move than being linked to the specific presi- Their toolkit of antidemocratic instru- toward a failure of democracy.” dency of Donald Trump.” ments includes stocking courts with Huq mentions extreme forms of Much of their concern is rooted loyalists, directing partisan prosecu- such tactics, including the regime of in the US Constitution, even as they tions of opponents or interfering with Venezuela’s Nicolás Maduro freezing consider it one of history’s greatest in- legitimate investigations into allies, the assets of opposition leader Juan struments of self-government. In their creating a corrupt cross-pollination of Guaidó. Recent elections in Zimbabwe estimation, several supporting struc- business and government, and demon- and the Democratic Republic of Con- tures of constitutional democracy re- izing immigrants and the media. go, Huq adds, involved government main strong. No threat of government “It ought not to be a surprise,” Huq forces directing legal and military ac- sanction stifles political criticism, ei- says, “that when new technologies of tion “against their political opponents ther in the media or in protest move- antidemocracy develop, if you have a who they deem their enemies.” ments, proving the enduring power really old constitution that was writ- Even the intense partisan rancor of of the First Amendment. And there’s ten with a different set of risks in mind, the contemporary United States seems abundant political competition: a lit- that that constitution is not going to be a long way from such overt stifling of po- any of viable Democratic presidential well adapted to responding to present- litical competition, Huq acknowledges. candidates have lined up to challenge day threats.” The Madisonian notion But the polarization he sees today has Trump in 2020 and a Republican pri- that separation of powers would main- changed his mind about how far democ- mary challenge even appears plausible. tain competitive checks between the racy could decline here. “If you’d said to But an 18th-century document, Gins- branches of government does not hold me three or four years ago, ‘Is this go- burg and Huq warn, does not stand up up in a hyperpartisan era. ing to happen?’ or ‘Would we see this in well to the 21st-century tactics em- As contemporary American politics the United States?’ I think I has illustrated, party loyalty would’ve scoffed,” he says. and other political calcula- Now he sees a need for active tions tend to supersede ad-

steps to shore up the pillars herence to the letter or spirit School Law Chicago of University the courtesy DeGrane, by Lloyd Photography that support US democracy. of constitutional law. Con- “It’s not as if we’re moving all gress has not declared war the way down the slope im- since World War II, for ex- mediately,” he says, “but you ample, but the use of military can certainly see evidence of force has remained an ex- some movement.” ecutive prerogative, generat- ing little effective legislative resistance despite the 1973 he most glaring warn- passage of the War Powers ing signs of demo- Resolution intended to stop T cratic erosion in the such unilateral action. United States, How to Save Wilson, the UChicago a Constitutional Democracy political scientist, notes argues, come from “Presi- that the failure of Congress dent Trump’s words and to prevent perceived anti- deeds.” They cite the presi- democratic practices often

dent’s false statements, his emerges from political con- sadfGwg labeling of journalists and The book, Ginsburg says, turns back “to the wisdom of James siderations rather than con- political opponents as en- Madison, which is to fear concentrations of power.” stitutional prohibition. The

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UCH_Democracy_v4.indd 28 4/26/19 11:32 AM same provision that grants states the to divulge the numbers, Huq recalls, power to regulate federal elections also PERHAPS THE even though his comments would not says that “the Congress may at any time MOST IMPORTANT be heard until after the information by Law make or alter such Regulations.” had been released. Trump, by contrast, The Constitution isn’t stopping them GUARD AGAINST had tweeted favorable jobs data early from implementing reforms to legisla- DEMOCRATIC in apparent violation of the federal tive districting, campaign finance, or EROSION IS rule Powell followed so closely. voter registration, Wilson says. “If there “Powell is a Trump appointee. I’m were more political support, a lot of these THE ACTIVE not making a partisan point,” Huq reforms, at least, could operate under the PARTICIPATION says. But the Fed chair considered the Constitution that we have.” integrity of the information sacro- Executive power also has more OF THE PEOPLE. sanct. “That’s kind of what we mean systemic limitations than Ginsburg by the bureaucratic rule of law, right?” and Huq suggest, according to UCLA and unelected, unaccountable authority. Huq continues. “He put his bureau- constitutional law scholar Jon D. Mi- By contrast, How to Save a Consti- cratic hat on, not his partisan hat on. chaels. He considers the concept of tutional Democracy considers such The fact that you have, by all accounts, separation of powers to apply to an in- independent expertise crucial to dem- quite a lot of civil servants doing that tricate web of overlapping entities be- ocratic strength. The professional—as is, I think, a really important thing.” yond just the executive, legislative, and opposed to political—ethic underlying Perhaps the most important guard judicial branches—between the federal the work of most agency employees against democratic erosion is the active government and the states, the market generates the reliable information nec- participation of the people. Democratic and regulatory agencies, church and essary for informed political debate citizenship, Huq says, takes work—not state, civilians and military, political and decision-making. just voting. That means maintaining a appointees and career civil servants. When a ruling party engages in respect for facts and a commitment to Together, he writes in an online sym- patronage appointments, or tries to recognizing political opponents as com- posium where several legal scholars re- interfere with the dissemination of in- petitors in the marketplace of ideas, not sponded to How to Save a Constitutional formation for political gain, it pollutes enemies. And, the book argues, it de- Democracy, those multidimensional the notion of a neutral civil service and pends on civic and religious institutions interests form a redundant system of chokes off public trust. Though many far from the centers of power—families,

Photography by Lloyd DeGrane, courtesy the University of Chicago Law School Law Chicago of University the courtesy DeGrane, by Lloyd Photography “Velcro, bungee cords, and safety pins” people holding US bureaucratic posi- schools, places of worship—instilling to prevent runaway executive power. tions are presidential appointees, the the value of self-government. “It is far from likely,” Michaels writes, necessity of their maintaining an im- They see hopeful signs. The 2018 “that a president, however popular, is partial role remains a defining principle midterm elections drew relatively going to find him or herself unchecked that, Ginsburg and Huq say, deserves high voter turnout across the political and unrivaled at each and every turn.” vigilant protection. In fact, they recom- spectrum, and several states passed mend mandatory skills and knowledge referenda to limit partisan gerryman- qualifications for political appointees, dering. Those are indications, how- nother bulwark against con- along with added nonpartisan career ever modest, of the people asserting centration of power, according positions and stronger whistle-blower the rights that the constitution grants A to Ginsburg and Huq, is an au- protections to further insulate bureau- them, the fundamental expression of tonomous civil service. They acknowl- crats from political influence. democratic strength and endurance. edge that “bureaucracy is not commonly To illustrate the bureaucratic rule of “Without a simple desire for democ- thought to be a natural ally of democ- law in action, Huq points to a National racy on the part of the many,” Ginsburg racy.” The alphabet soup of government Public Radio interview with Federal and Huq write, “the best institutional agencies—IRS, CIA, FEMA, EPA—along Reserve chair Jerome Powell that was and constitutional design in the world with recent additions such as the Con- scheduled to air after the publication will likely be for naught.” ◆ sadfGwg sumer Financial Protection Bureau, of a jobs report. The data had not yet whose first director was Richard Cordray, been made public when the conversa- Jason Kelly is a former associate editor of JD’86, can conjure images of red tape tion was recorded, so Powell refused the Magazine.

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UCH_Democracy_v4.indd 29 4/26/19 11:32 AM MISCELLANY

NO KEY REQUIRED Special Collections shares some of its more serendipitous items.

BY RHONDA L. SMITH PHOTOGRAPHY BY NATHAN KEAY

he Special Collections Research Center department was formally created. Robert Rosenthal, AM’55, might seem rarefied and intimidating, but its first curator, held the position until his death in 1989, leav- in reality? You can simply walk through ing a legacy of an active and engaged department that sup- the department’s glass doors and talk to the ports the scholarship of the University. Students, faculty, staff. They want UChicagoans to know that staff, and non-University-affiliated researchers are welcome the rare books, manuscripts, and archives to visit and peruse whatever piques their interests. held there are open to all. If you’d like to get The collections encompass 67,000 linear feet (12 miles) of a peek at a 14th-century illuminated manu- manuscripts and University archives, 345,000 rare books, script or pore over documents from the first 1,456 online collection guides, and about 85,000 gigabytes self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction, you can—just leave of digital materials. The staff assists thousands of research- Tyour ink and drinks outside the reading rooms. ers each year, in person and remotely. What’s so special about this corner of the library, found The history of science and medicine is a particular on the first floor of Regenstein? More than you can imagine. strength, recording the work of giants—manuscripts of Sir But first, a little history. Isaac Newton and letters Albert Einstein wrote to math- The University of Chicago Library’s story began with ematician Walther Mayer. In the humanities, there are the that of the University, as one of the five general divisions records of Poetry magazine and its founder, Harriet Mon- created by William Rainey Harper. When doors opened to roe; the printed works of Frédéric Chopin; and the Chicago students in October 1892, the library was located in a hast- Jazz Archive. Scholars can review the papers of astrophysi- ily erected temporary building, which also housed the stu- cist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, browse the digitized dent gymnasium and the University press. The collection Goodspeed Manuscript Collection, or dive into the history consisted of about 50,000 volumes from the Old University of the Chicago school of sociology. of Chicago and the Baptist Union Theological Seminary, as Less well known is the treasure trove of artifacts—often well as almost 100,000 books and manuscripts from what acquired as part of a collection—that lies in the depart- became known as the Berlin Collection, making it one of the ment’s stacks, items as tantalizing as they are unexpected. largest university libraries in the country. You could start a band, outfit a dance troupe, or have a pick- Among that collection were rare books and manuscripts, up football game—at least in your imagination. As the name but it wasn’t until 1953 that Special Collections as a distinct states, these items are special indeed. ◆

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UCH_SpecialCollection_v4.indd 30 4/25/19 11:22 AM The cast-iron key to Fort Mackinac (opposite) is part of the William Beaumont Collection. It’s unknown if the key—weighing in at almost 28 pounds—was functional or commemorative. The fort, just off the northern edge of Michigan between Lakes Huron and Superior, was alternately controlled by the British and Americans from 1780 to 1815. As a US Army surgeon from 1819 to 1826, Beaumont treated French Canadian fur trapper Alexis St. Martin for a gunshot wound to the stomach. Beaumont’s subsequent (and ethically questionable) studies of St. Martin led to new knowledge of how the digestive system functions.

A clean-shaven Abraham Lincoln keeps watch over this sturdy pie safe built by his father. The cabinet, with ventilated tin panels at the front to allow baked goods to cool while protecting them from pests, was a fixture in the Lincoln log cabin in Coles County, Illinois, until Nancy A. Hall, great-granddaughter of Lin- coln’s stepmother, Sarah Bush Lin- coln, sold it to Rev. William Eleazar Barton, a noted Lincoln historian and collector, in 1892. Barton’s collection was acquired by the Univer- sity in 1932 at the urging of history professor William E. Dodd. The portrait, by George Frederick Wright, was painted shortly after Lincoln’s nomination for the presidency and purchased by the candidate as a gift for longtime friend and supporter William Butler. For many years the portrait and other Lincolniana were displayed in Harper Memorial Library.

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UCH_SpecialCollection_v5.indd 31 4/26/19 3:35 PM Wolf Vostell’s Concrete Traffic (1970) made news when it was re- stored and installed at the Campus North parking garage in 2016. But the 1957 Cadillac inside that sculp- ture wasn’t the only thing Vostell, part of the Fluxus experimental art collective, encased in concrete. His 1971 Betonbuch (Concrete Book) weighs almost 20 pounds and is number 83 of 100 concrete-cov- ered copies of his book Betonier- ungen (Concretifi ations). Special Collections has the more reader- friendly format too.

This ornately decorated ostrich egg honoring the presidency of Hanna Holborn Gray was the creation of Hyde Park community activist Rachel Marshall Goetz, LAB’21, PhB’25, MBA’27. The Fa- bergé-like egg is part of Gray’s papers, but Special Collections also houses Goetz’s papers, which include clippings, correspondence, and photos related to her father, Leon C. Marshall, the fourth dean of the Graduate School of Business (now Chicago Booth).

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UCH_SpecialCollection_v4.indd 32 4/25/19 11:22 AM This jar of homemade berry jam, circa 1950, labeled “from Vesta and Bob Hutchins,” was made by Robert Maynard Hutchins’s second wife. (Although given credit for the gift, it’s unlikely the busy chancellor was a participant in the jam making.) The fruit was grown at the couple’s country retreat in Mundelein, Illinois.

Hygiene-minded visitors to the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposi- tion could take home a brass spit- toon as a souvenir of their visit to the White City. This particular item was donated by longtime philosophy professor Ian Mueller, an avid collector of souvenirs and memo- rabilia of the University, the city of Chicago, and the two World’s Fairs held in the city.

Inscribed on both sides with numer- ology symbols (the more ornate un- derside is shown here), this celestial cymbal was used by Sun Ra and his Arkestra. Other instruments in the collection, donated by Alton Abra- ham, Sun Ra’s longtime friend and business associate, include a homemade harp and a “planisphere in- strument.” Special Collections also houses the extensive Chicago Jazz Archive, which documents more than eight decades of music history.

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UCH_SpecialCollection_v5.indd 33 4/26/19 3:30 PM This velvet flamenco dress en- semble, circa 1940, with a hand- beaded peacock design, was worn by Marjorie Whitney Prass, AA’37, AB’41. An accomplished musician and dancer, Prass performed in the University’s Mirror Review, an annual women’s dance revue begun in response to the all-male Black- friars musical comedy troupe. Her collection contains more than 200 costume pieces, including clothing, accessories, and props, most made by Prass and her mother.

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UCH_SpecialCollection_v4.indd 34 4/25/19 11:22 AM In 1922 women student-athletes kept warm in sweaters featuring the Chicago “C” inscribed with the initials of the Women’s Athletic As- sociation—the nation’s longest running women’s collegiate athletics organization. Although intercolle- giate competition in women’s sports wasn’t permitted until the 1960s, the WAA held unofficial “play days” on the Midway during the 1920s.

The original Monsters of the Mid- way left behind quite a collection of footballs. Amos Alonzo Stagg coached the team to seven Big Ten championships between 1899 and 1924. According to the record books, Chicago beat rival Purdue 17–0 on November 5, 1898—a year earlier than this 100-year-old pig- skin indicates. But 1899 was also a winner: Chicago defeated Purdue by a whopping 44–0 on November 4. The reason for the discrepancy is lost to time.

The University’s first attempt to choose school colors ended in a hue and cry. Trustees officially adopted orange in 1892, upset- ting Syracuse University, which had claimed the color two years prior, and students, who were using various shades of gold. During meetings to discuss the issue, two camps formed: one for scarlet and one for maroon. Dean of women Marion Talbot took her recommendation to the trustees, and maroon became the official color in 1894. This small bit of ribbon was used in the deliberations.

TO SEE MORE, INCLUDING WHAT’S INSIDE THE EGG, VISIT MAG.UCHICAGO.EDU/SCRC.

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UCH_SpecialCollection_v5.indd 35 4/26/19 3:31 PM THEATER

TAKING FLIGHT

Scenes from a play in the making.

BY SUSIE ALLEN, AB’09 PHOTOGRAPHY BY JOE MAZZA

he playwright David Auburn, easy on himself. The 1953 picaresque novel AB’91, slouches on a couch in sprawls over years and countries; there are char- director Charles Newell’s office at acters and episodes, “but it doesn’t have a story, Court Theatre, trying to decide if strictly speaking,” Auburn says. What holds the there’s a way to get a talking ea- book together, as much as anything else, is Bel- gle on stage. “I don’t know how low’s winding, allusive language. It’s one thing to theatricalize it,” Newell says. to read long descriptive passages on the page, but It’s July 2017, and the question another to translate them into dialogue. Among of how to stage the unstageable all these untheatrical elements, the eagle stands is one Auburn and Newell have faced repeatedly out as a particular challenge. Tsince deciding more than a year ago to adapt Saul In a memorable sequence in the novel, Augie’s Bellow’s The Adventures of Augie March. When it lover Thea decides to adopt an eagle, which they opens in May 2019, the play will be the first the- name Caligula, and train it to capture giant igua- atrical adaptation of any work by Bellow, EX’39. nas in Mexico. When Caligula flops as a hunter, In choosing to stage Augie, the Pulitzer- and Augie and Thea’s relationship falters too. The ea- Tony-winning playwright didn’t make things gle scenes are important to Auburn—it’s “such a

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UCH_AugieMarch_v5.indd 36 4/26/19 3:57 PM The cast of The Adventures of Augie March (left) and playwright David Auburn, AB’91 (this page).

powerful and complex symbol As soon as he got the official in the book”—and he’s raised go-ahead, “I sort of thought, oh the stakes by adding a scene Christ, what have I done?” Au- where the eagle (or at least, burn recalls. The very things an abstracted, metaphorical he loved about the novel, its ca- version of the eagle) speaks to paciousness and meandering Augie. So, how exactly do you structure, made the task of adap- pull that off? tation feel impossible. Halfway Auburn and Newell consider IT WAS ONE through the first draft, he wasn’t ideas. Could you do something OF THOSE sure he could finish the project. that suggests an eagle, Newell BOOKS I Gradually, though, solu- muses, without actually show- tions emerged. Auburn knew ing it? KEPT BY MY early on that most actors in Auburn balks. “I think you BEDSIDE. the production would play really need to commit to the multiple characters, allowing eagle,” he says. Augie talking him to populate the world of to the eagle is “the major image of the show.” the play without hiring a Cats-sized company. The scene marks a crucial moment in Augie’s And he gave himself permission to be idiosyn- journey: he begins to realize that most people, cratic about which characters and episodes to even the ones who appear absolutely certain keep and which to discard. “In a way you could about the right way to live, are making it up as have written a totally different play using dif- they go along. ferent material,” he says. “This is this play, using “I didn’t know you felt so specifically about it,” this material.” Newell says. Auburn and Newell found a way to incorporate Auburn is absolutely sure—“Don’t wimp out Bellow’s language—a “giddily heightened, liter- on the eagle, Charlie,” he teases—but far from ary, poetic new form of expression,” says Court’s having a solution. “Cut to me in a year and a half, resident dramaturg Nora Titone—when they re- wearing a beak.” alized they could treat it like song. “When we do a musical successfully,” Newell explained in 2016, following a public reading of uburn first read The Adventures of Au- an early draft of the play, “a character gets to a gie March shortly after graduating from place where they’re no longer speaking. They A UChicago. The references to Hyde Park have to sing to express the emotion.” The script gave him a sense of kinship with the novel, and he borrows several rhapsodic monologues from the found himself returning to it often. “It was one of novel, which serve the same role as songs, reveal- those books I kept by my bedside,” he says. ing things the characters can’t communicate or The idea of an adaptation simmered. Auburn won’t admit to themselves. loved the motley group of people Augie encoun- Collaborating with Newell was one of the rea- ters throughout the book. “The idea of getting sons Auburn wanted to produce Augie at Court. some of that incredible variety of humanity onto “I knew that I could approach this and there the stage really appealed to me. I thought, these would be no rules, that I could say I want an ea- are great characters, they should be roles that ac- gle, and we’d have an eagle.” tors can play.” In 2016 he came back to UChicago to direct Here’s looking at Long Day’s Journey into Night at Court and pro- y happy coincidence, in 2017, as Auburnyou, kid: Boy meets posed the idea of an Augie March play to Newell, was refining his script, the archivegirl meets of pizza the theater’s Marilyn F. Vitale Artistic Director. B Bellow’s personal papers at the Specialin Claire Scanlon’s Newell was enthusiastic and set to work acquir- Collections Research Center opened. Bellow(AB’93) do- romantic ing the rights to the novel. nated portions of the collection over his 31comedy years Set It Up.

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UCH_AugieMarch_v4.indd 37 4/25/19 10:51 AM CASE STUDIES on the UChicago faculty; the rest came after the When she slips it on her hand, and adds a fluffy Nobel laureate’s death in 2005. beaked head, it looks unmistakably like a bird. For Titone, who got involved in the adaptation Nearly two years after Auburn told Newell to LIFE HACKS FROM in its early stages, it was a dramaturg’s dream. “commit to the eagle,” the cast, production staff, AYELET FISHBACH’S RESEARCH Her job was to delve into the world of the play and various friends of Court Theatre have gath- and give the playwright, cast, and production ered for the play’s first rehearsal, which will in- team historical and biographical information to clude a full readthrough of the script. inform their work. Before they begin, the set designer and cos- Studying Bellow’s papers offered Titone in- tume designer give brief overviews of their sight into his process and intent, and helped her preparations for the production. Then it’s time see “how much Chicago, the city, is a force in the for Miller, a member of the Chicago-based col- production.” Augie is the story of an American lective Manual Cinema, to show off plans for the immigrant in a city full of them, and that should eagle (none of which, happily, involve Auburn inform how the production with a beak). looked and sounded. Titone Even in its unfinished state, studied the Studs Terkel Oral IF YOU TAKE the eagle puppet is lifelike. History Archive to get a sense Miller pulls a cord to make the of the “kaleidoscope of accents” OFF ALL THE puppet’s wings flap and manip- the actors would need to master. FEATHERS OF ulates its delicate head. This, she A team of undergraduate re- AN EAGLE, explains, is one of three repre- search assistants helped Titone sentations of Caligula that will field the other dramaturgical THEY’RE be included in the production. inquiries she received: What DANGEROUSLY Newell’s choice of Manual was the experience of Russian Cinema to solve the eagle prob- Jewish immigrants in Chica- CLOSE TO lem is a fi ting one. The group, go? What music would Augie LOOKING LIKE best known for its intricate have listened to? A CHICKEN. shadow puppet productions, Together, the team un- has a longtime relationship with earthed the possible backsto- Court and a track record of “put- ries of characters, including Augie’s lecherous ting things on stage that shouldn’t be on stage,” neighbor Kreindl, an Austro-Hungarian Jew says Manual Cinema’s co-artistic director Drew Dir, who fought in World War I. People like Kreindl AB’07. The collective has made the humble over- “were the hardest-hit guys. They were brutalized head projector a centerpiece of their work, using a in the trenches,” Titone says, and the experience combination of handmade shadow puppets and the would likely have resulted in post-traumatic silhouetted bodies of actors, to create performances stress disorder. that resemble both plays and animated films. She passed their research along to the actor When they got the script, the Manual Cinema playing Kreindl, who “can take that and do with team realized each of the eagle scenes Auburn it what he chooses and build a character inter- had written suggested a slightly different ap- nally and privately with that information if he proach. The first appearance of Caligula, they wants,” Titone says. “And that’s the neat thing. concluded, demanded a literal puppet, so the You can help activate somebody’s imagination group began studying photos of eagles and videos about their art.” of the birds in flight. “The challenge is making the eagle look as powerful and as threatening as they can appear ulia VanArsdale Miller stands in Court’s in real life,” Dir says. “If you take off all the feath- rehearsal space on Stony Island Avenue. ers of an eagle, they’re dangerously close to look- J She reaches into a shopping bag and pro- ing like a chicken. It’s a really thin line between duces a white wireframe puppet prototype. chicken and eagle.”

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UCH_AugieMarch_v4.indd 38 4/25/19 10:53 AM Retirement doesn’t always live up to the blissful The cast spent several days learning a style of media image, says Michelle Pannor Silver, PhD’10. improvisational dance pioneered by German choreographer Pina Bausch. Julia VanArsdale Miller shows off n eagle prototype (below).

But three-dimensional puppetry, the group decided, wouldn’t work for the scenes of Calig- ula chasing iguanas. Instead, depicting the eagle hunt required an approach more like Manual Cinema’s own work, using shadow puppets and actors to depict the scene in silhouette “as if we were filming a movie of it,” Dir explains. The third bird scene, in which the eagle speaks to Augie, is still a work in progress at this point. Dir thinks they will use shadow, silhouette, and movement in a way that suggests an eagle, “almost like an animated Rorschach ink painting.” But the details won’t be worked out until they get further into rehearsals. The stage manager begins the read-through with a cheerful “When you’re ready” to Patrick Mulvey, who will be playing Augie. Early in the reading, Mulvey breaks the tension by accidentally starting a key monologue, which incorpo- rates part of the novel’s famous first sentence—“I am an American, Chicago born”—a line too early. Everyone laughs, and the room relaxes. The play itself is funny too, and Auburn is especially attentive during the comic moments, noticing which ones are landing. As the reading unspools, his glance moves between the actors and audience. His eyes light on Janis Freedman Bellow, AM’90, PhD’92, who, along with other members of the Bellow family, has come to watch. When the read-through is finished and the rehearsal room empties out, Newell, Auburn, and the cast pull tables and chairs into a circle and debrief. There is a lot still to do in the four weeks ahead: They haven’t finalized which actors will be playing which combinations of roles. The per- formers have to learn choreography and shadow puppetry. The three-dimensional eagle puppet needs feathers. But as he has been from the beginning, Newell appears undaunted. They’ve made an evening of theater from a 600-page novel and eagles from wire and light. What’s one more impossible feat? ◆

The Adventures of Augie March runs through June 9 at Court Theatre, and an exhibition about the production, featuring materials from the Bel- low archives, will be on display at the Special Col- lections Research Center through August 30.

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UCH_AugieMarch_v5.indd 39 4/26/19 3:57 PM MEDICINE Illustration by James Steinberg/Theispot; Photography by Joe Sterbenc ([email protected]) PRIMARY VALUE A physician-economist tests the health and cost benefits of a closer doctor-patient relationship.

BY SHARLA A. PAUL

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UCH_TakingCare_v3.indd 40 4/26/19 3:06 PM PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIANS he intensive care unit RARELY VISIT sician. “Ram Krishnamoorthi, his pri- room is abuzz. Nurses THEIR PATIENTS mary. He’s in the Comprehensive Care prick an arm and tape Program here. I’m his primary.” and drape an IV. Physi- IN US HOSPITALS Glances flicker at Krishnamoorthi, cians introduce them- ANYMORE, A but his words do not seem to register. selves, bumping elbows FACT THAT LED It’s no wonder. Primary care physi- in sanitized greeting cians rarely visit their patients in US and filling each other TO THE CREATION hospitals anymore, a fact that led to in on the patient, a man OF THE CCP SIX the creation of the CCP six years ago. in his 60s whom we’ll call Mr. Z, uncon- YEARS AGO. A nurse leans over Mr. Z and asks Tscious on the bed. Observing it all is Ram loudly, “How are you feeling? Can you Krishnamoorthi, a primary care physi- hear me?” cian trying to get the attention of the specialists around him. All eyes move to the patient. He doesn’t respond but rolls This is Krishnamoorthi’s first stop on morning rounds. his head, indicating that the nurse was heard. The array of specialists, who arrived shortly before him, was The conversations resume, and it takes a while before summoned from across UChicago Medicine’s medical staff they morph to include Krishnamoorthi, who repeatedly as part of ICU protocols for the particular ailments that land hits the major points of his patient’s medical history and a patient in the unit. In this case, it was a life-threatening asks the specialists for their opinions of Mr. Z’s status and infection discovered during a scheduled surgery to replace a what they recommend. There is the sense of a finely oiled deteriorating artificial joint. As part of the University’s Com- machine whirring away, and of Krishnamoorthi as a newly prehensive Care Program (CCP), Krishnamoorthi has come arrived technician, studying its gears, so that he can shift to the ICU to shift decision-making out of the hands of these its workings. specialists, with their discrete focuses, and toward an inte- The question is, why? grated, patient-focused treatment plan that may or may not The answer is that Krishnamoorthi and the Compre- incorporate each specialist’s recommendations. hensive Care Program are an experiment conceived, de- He shoves his arms through the sleeves of a gauzy yellow signed, and overseen by UChicago physician-economist Illustration by James Steinberg/Theispot; Photography by Joe Sterbenc ([email protected]) gown, snaps on a pair of blue gloves, and wades in. David Meltzer, LAB’82, AM’87, PhD’92, MD’93. Meltzer “I’m Mr. Z’s primary,” Krishnamoorthi says to each phy- hypothesizes that revitalizing the primary care doctor–

“There’s a certain need of getting the right people in the right jobs” to run the Comprehensive Care Program, says David Meltzer, LAB’82, AM’87, PhD’92, MD’93. Serving the program’s 2,500 patients are doctors, nurses, social workers, and a community-health worker.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019 41

UCH_TakingCare_v3.indd 41 4/26/19 3:07 PM patient relationship for Medicare patients at high risk of the level of national policy, as well as toward other orga- hospitalization will improve outcomes for everyone in- nizations that might benefit both in the United States and volved: patients, doctors, and the payers of the bills. The internationally. experiment divides these patients into a test group that Meltzer’s roots at the University stretch back to his years sees comprehensive care physicians like Krishnamoorthi as a child of UChicago faculty members and a Laboratory both in clinic and the hospital, and a control group that Schools student from preschool through high school. sees different doctors in each setting. Early results show “My joke is that I didn’t start till the second year of that, nationally, the potential Medicare savings could be nursery school, so I was always an outsider,” he says in his tens of billions of dollars annually. Mitchell Hospital office, in the same suite where his father In the hospital each morning, it’s up to Krishnamoorthi and the other psychiatry faculty had their offices when he and his four CCP primary care colleagues to anchor their was young. “Growing up on the South Side of Chicago in the patients’ acute and routine care in a long-term one-on-one 1970s and ’80s, I saw a lot of problems,” he says, “not unlike doctor-patient relationship. This is not always easy, as this the problems we see today—a somewhat different flavor to morning in the ICU demonstrates. Krishnamoorthi leaves them, but in some ways even worse economically.” the ICU room but stands quiet for a moment just outside, Thinking back, he’s struck by a realization. thinking. He picks up his coffee and heads for the nurses’ “Actually, it’s really interesting. I wrote two main essays station, where he examines the patient’s chart and makes when I applied to college. One was about loving designing some notes to himself for follow up. experiments and learning things and Then he hustles away to his next pa- studying things, and the other was tients, four other CCP participants. about the history of urban renewal “Did you notice all that? How I EARLY RESULTS and Hyde Park,” he says. “Those two had to keep inserting myself?” he SHOW THAT, essays … are really this project.” asks. “They’re all doing what they are NATIONALLY, As principal investigator on the trained to do, the clock is ticking, they Comprehensive Care Program, have other patients to get to. It’s the THE POTENTIAL Meltzer studies what seems like a system I’m constantly having to insert MEDICARE common-sense proposition: that the myself into. I’m not sure I was heard.” doctor-patient relationship has an SAVINGS important role in a patient’s care and COULD BE TENS overall health. The simplicity of the eave it to Meltzer not to be daunt- OF BILLIONS proposition is deceptive. ed by a well-oiled machine, or by OF DOLLARS Before Meltzer, no one had de- L the inertia that can keep an orga- signed an experiment—at scale, nization from switching it out for a bet- ANNUALLY. randomized, and controlled—to de- ter system. The architect of CCP was a termine this relationship’s influence thesis advisee of UChicago economists on health outcomes. Meltzer is quick Gary Becker, AM’53, PhD’55, and Sherwin Rosen, AM’62, to point out that good experiment design is only part of the PhD’66. He has modeled his experiment on Becker’s research work. The other part of the work for a study of this scale, into specialization in labor markets and Rosen’s research on he says, is getting the right team in place and overcoming the economics of labor substitution. Undergirding the study’s institutional inertia. design, Meltzer says, is Becker’s insistence on “the ability to The CCP will track the outcome of the discussions in think about the world as your laboratory.” Mr. Z’s ICU room, which procedures he received and the The chief of the Section of Hospital Medicine at UChi- overall course of his treatment, care, and sense of well- cago Medicine, Meltzer is also influenced by his colleague being, along with the outcomes and trajectories of the Mark Siegler, MD’67, whose work on the evolving nature 2,500 other Medicare patients participating in the CCP at and positive impact of the doctor-patient relationship lies the medical center. at the heart of the experiment design. Another influence These patients tend to have multiple complex medical comes from Meltzer’s longtime appointment at the Univer- conditions, or comorbidities, such as diabetes, kidney dis- sity of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy, which has ease, and heart disease, requiring a host of treatments that

prompted him to drive the program beyond UChicago, to include amputation, home oxygen, dialysis, and multiple ([email protected]) Sterbenc Joe by Photography

42 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

UCH_TakingCare_v3.indd 42 4/26/19 3:07 PM IT’S THE LANDMARK THAT MAKES PEOPLE PROUD.

Meltzer speaks about the CCP and its findings at conferences around the world. “A number of places have launched programs that are based heavily on what we’ve done or sometimes exactly like what we’ve done,” he says.

medications. They also have a tendency toward depres- care but who has no previous experience with the patient sion and anxiety. CCP patients, whose average age is 63, and likely won’t see that patient again. While both hospital- are hospitalized at least once a year. They are among the ists and primary care physicians practice general medicine, highest-need, highest-cost patients in the US Medicare sys- only primary care physicians have long-term ongoing rela- tem. Care for such patients, who represent about 25 percent tionships with their patients. of national Medicare enrollment, accounts for 85 percent of Medicare hospitalization costs, at $50,000 or more per year. CCP participants are randomly placed either into the ver his career, Meltzer has developed new perspec- control group or the test group. The test group is split across tives on the growth of hospital medicine. Hospital the five CCP physicians, who see them in the hospital and at O medicine is the name for what hospitalists prac- the UChicago Medicine primary care clinic. The chief task tice—general medical care for patients whose needs are of these providers is to know their patients: their medical acute enough to require hospitalization, including the need histories, their personalities, their needs, their goals, their to consult with and coordinate specialists. families, their life experiences, their experience of health Meltzer helped bring the hospital medicine model to care. When patients feel they are known and seen, Meltzer UChicago in 1997, when it was still new and seemed to have believes, they trust their doctors to guide their care, call- the potential to cut costs and improve efficiency of care. ing their doctors rather than going to the emergency room, When he volunteered to oversee the program, he says, “I say, or following a recommendation not to get an expensive was the last person to talk and the most junior in the room, procedure with little clear benefi . and I said, ‘I’d love to do it.’ People were like, ‘Are you crazy? The “standard care” control patients continue with their It’s never going to be doable on a big enough scale to study current doctor. (If they don’t have one or want to switch, anything.’ I said, ‘Well, give me a chance to collect some the study staff help them find a new primary care doctor.) data and maybe I can learn how to do a project.’” Since then, When hospitalized, these patients see a hospitalist, a gen- as the ranks of hospitalists have swelled nationally, Meltzer

Photography by Joe Sterbenc ([email protected]) Sterbenc Joe by Photography eral medicine physician who coordinates their inpatient has studied the model’s impact at UChicago Medicine.

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UCH_TakingCare_v3.indd 43 4/26/19 3:07 PM Over the past 20 years, Meltzer’s group has tried to in- but not the large changes we hoped for,” he says. They’re effec- terview every UChicago Medicine hospital patient, totaling tive “only if they are sustained in their careers and gain experi- more than 100,000 people. During that time, hospital medi- ence.” Easier said than done; the typical work hours for hospital cine has become the fastest growing medical specialty, with medicine, seven days on, seven days off, in 12-hour shifts, can 57,000 hospitalists caring for one-third of general medicine be grueling and lead to attrition. (Drawing on Meltzer’s find- hospital admissions nationwide. One might think that this ings, assistant professor of medicine Andrew Schram, MD’14, booming population signifies the impact of hospital medi- MBA’14, recently completed a “rounder” program pilot that cine on patients. Not so, says Meltzer. aims to provide patients and referring physicians more conti- “What have we learned? We’ve learned that hospitalists may nuity of care across hospitalizations while helping hospitalists produce small changes in length of hospital stays or outcomes, have better work-life balance.)

Physician Grace Berry meets with a patient in the clinic. In addition to being hospitalized less frequently, CCP patients report greater

satisfaction with their care than the control group patients. Wintermantle Joel by Photography

44 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

UCH_TakingCare_v3.indd 44 4/26/19 3:08 PM Though his data show that they produce measurable pointments, food security, and housing security. A dearth benefi s, Meltzer concludes that hospitalists alone “are not of opportunities for social engagement, combined with high game changers.” And yet the game has completely changed. rates of anxiety and depression, can also keep them from The tremendous growth of hospital medicine, he’s found, regular visits to their primary care doctors. can be traced to increased efficiency for doctors, not patients. Until the mid-1990s, primary care doctors split their days, visiting their patients in the hospital in the mornings day spent at the CCP’s primary care clinic illus- and then seeing patients at their offices in the afternoons. trates the steady building of relationships that But for a variety of reasons, these doctors became busier in A aids both doctors and patients if, or when, the lat- the clinic and had fewer patients in the hospital. As a result, ter find themselves in the hospital or an ICU room. All ap- making the morning trip to visit patients in the hospital is pointments begin the same way: with a warm greeting, the not worthwhile for most primary care doctors. physician sitting down and taking a moment to really look Or, to use Meltzer’s economics term, the switching costs at the patient, followed by an overall check-in conversation are too high. These range from the cost in time for the com- before the actual reason for the visit is addressed. mute between the doctor’s office and the hospital, to the Much of the routine work that elsewhere would fall to a hiccups brought on by toggling between two computer sys- nurse or a health care coordinator—such as making sure pa- tems or two sets of colleagues, to the mental shift required tients have picked up prescriptions or that their home oxy- to switch from the complexity of acute gen supply is in good order—is folded care to more routine ambulatory care. into the physicians’ check-in. Meltzer Hospitalists eliminate these switching ALL designed the program this way on costs, but that added efficiency, Melt- purpose, to limit the “coordination zer has concluded, can come at a cost to APPOINTMENTS costs.” But he also believes that this patient care and outcomes. Lost in the BEGIN THE SAME level of involvement helps the physi- process of dividing the labor of acute WAY: WITH A cians really know their patients, in- care and ambulatory care was the doc- cluding their daily life struggles—and tor-patient relationship—recall Krish- WARM GREETING, helps the patients, who spend so much namoorthi’s efforts to insert himself in THE PHYSICIAN time going from outpatient specialist the ICU room. CCP’s primary aim is to to outpatient specialist, feel cared for. revitalize that relationship and its ben- SITTING DOWN This element of care, Meltzer believes, efi s for both patients and physicians. AND TAKING builds trust. Six years into the experiment, the Today physician Grace Berry rolls CCP is achieving a 15 to 20 percent re- A MOMENT TO her computer stool over to chat with duction in hospitalizations, with sav- REALLY LOOK AT Mr. G, in for a follow-up after being ings of several thousand dollars per THE PATIENT. hospitalized for anemia from a gas- patient each year. Meltzer presented trointestinal lesion. The 47-year-old his findings in June 2018 at the annual was recently diagnosed with chronic research meeting of AcademyHealth, a nonprofit health obstructive pulmonary disease. services and policy research organization. Funding for the First off, Berry expresses her surprise at seeing her pa- CCP study comes from the federal Centers for Medicare and tient alone. Medicaid Innovation, created as part of the Affordable Care “Where’s your son?” she asks. Act to evaluate new models for delivering medical care at “Oh, he had an appointment today too,” Mr. G replies. lower cost with better outcomes. The doctor nods but notices something else. With additional funding from the Robert Wood John- “Where’s your oxygen?” son Foundation and in partnership with the University of Mr. G lives in Wisconsin, and this afternoon the winter Chicago Urban Labs, Meltzer’s group is now looking more weather had backed up traffic. He has run out of oxygen deeply into how to better serve and improve outcomes for on his commute to Chicago before and had to get a loaner patients whose complex social needs prevent them from tank from the emergency room for the drive home. Today fully participating. For example, a significant number of his oxygen tank, with plenty left, is in the car.

Photography by Joel Wintermantle Joel by Photography patients have difficulty with transportation to and from ap- Her concerns quelled, Berry begins her check-in.

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UCH_TakingCare_v3.indd 45 4/26/19 3:09 PM “In general how has your breathing been?” tient. “It’s both in your head, and it’s physical. The mind and “It’s getting there,” Mr. G answers. “I get short of breath body are connected, so what you’re saying is absolutely true.” doing housework.” The room is silent for a moment while the patient takes Now Berry and Mr. G discuss tests she has ordered, and in this validation. she asks about his dialysis and whether he’s picked up his thyroid medicine. This triggers his memory. His pharmacy only gave him a two-week supply of his stomach medication he doctors’ daily interactions underscore Meltzer’s and required physician prior authorization for more. They point about needing the “right people.” They all say discuss whether it’s an insurance issue, and Berry begins T they were drawn to the CCP by its patient panel size, troubleshooting. around 200 per physician, which allows for a “longitudi- “Let me call right now,” she says, opening Google. “Wal- nal” doctor-patient relationship, including getting to know greens Beloit Prairie?” patients’ families. Berry wanted to work in “transitions of Then the gastrointestinal follow-up begins. Berry listens to care,” the movement of patients between health care prac- Mr. G’s breathing and to his stomach. She takes a moment to titioners and settings as their condition and care needs check his ankles and legs. They are swollen. She recommends change. Verma says she likes the fast pace and intellectual compression socks, and elevating his feet during dialysis. challenge of her mornings tending to acute cases in the hos- “How’s your wife? Did she tell you I pitals, balanced by more routine after- accidentally called her the other day? noons seeing patients in the clinic. I think she was at work.” IF YOU WANT Every day, in the transition between Mr. G chuckles. “She told me.” morning rounds and afternoon clinic, The visit, like most in the CCP pri- STUDENTS the entire CCP team—five physicians, mary care clinic, lasts about 30 min- TO BECOME three social workers, two nurses, and utes and has the conversational tone DOCTORS WHO one community-health worker—meet and easy back-and-forth that all the to discuss their patients, flag any issues, physicians employ, each in his or her ARE EMPATHETIC bounce ideas off each other, and vent own style. Down the hall, Joyce Tang, TO PATIENTS, inevitable frustrations that come from MD’04, talks a patient through knee trying to shift the gears of a finely tuned pain that keeps him up at night and his THEY HAVE TO machine while serving vulnerable indi- aversion to taking medication, even UNDERSTAND viduals with highly complex needs. Tylenol, to relieve the pain. She gently HOW HARD IT IS. All the physicians believe strongly in tells him that, as a caregiver with a lot the need for a broad cultural shift back on his plate, he needs his sleep. toward doctors knowing their patients Meanwhile, Anshu Verma, the CCP medical director, listens well and understanding their experiences. In the Pritzker to a patient with scleroderma, a painful connective tissue dis- School of Medicine, Tang and Verma have started an option- ease that can cause autoamputation of fingers, toes, or, rarely, al patient shadowing program. Instead of first-year students limbs. The patient wants to reduce his pain medication. shadowing physicians in the hospitals on the usual block ro- “I don’t like it. It puts me to sleep. I want to get off the tation, their program pairs two medical students with two meds. I want to get off the patch.” critically ill patients, whom they follow through inpatient “OK!” is her enthusiastic response, and she begins adjust- and outpatient care, including accompanying patients to non- ing dosages. UChicago care settings, such as dialysis centers. In a nearby room, Krishnamoorthi listens in empathetic “If you want students to become doctors who are empa- disbelief as an HIV-positive patient relates his experience thetic to patients, they have to understand how hard it is. at another hospital, where a nurse referred to his abscess as Students are seeing the patients’ perspective and under- a “sin.” Then they discuss the panic attacks that wake the standing the struggles they face,” says Tang. “We’re also patient up at night. involving them in a proactive way, where they can be active “It’s all in my head, I know, but it seems like it’s physical, with patients as opposed to just shadowing a doctor. It’s like I can’t breathe.” very valuable for them to learn about how our health care “That’s because it is physical,” Krishnamoorthi immedi- system works—or doesn’t work—so that they can contribute

ately responds, catching and holding eye contact with his pa- to that system and contribute to the change.” ([email protected]) Sterbenc Joe by Photography

46 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

UCH_TakingCare_v3.indd 46 4/26/19 3:09 PM Physician Joyce Tang, seen here with a patient, says the CCP drew her as “a practice where I would be able to spend the time that I wanted with patients. The quality of that interaction and communication was really important to me.”

Working with Medicare patients means working with a through the program or otherwise engage with it. Nonpartic- largely late-in-life population and encountering end-of-life ipation, Meltzer says, is to be expected in a study of this scale, considerations. Up a few floors, Verma sits quietly with a but he wanted to understand why. Initial Robert Wood John- patient in her 70s who begins to cry and says she’s scared son Foundation funding enabled Meltzer’s group to identify and tired. “I know,” says Verma, which is why she overruled the culprit: “unmet social needs.” Subsequent RWJF funding a specialist-recommended procedure that would add to the has helped Meltzer and a team led by Emily Perish, MPP’16, patient’s stress with minimal potential benefi . identify and cluster these needs—access to food, housing, The physicians regularly ask patients about their anxiety transportation, and support networks, for instance—and and depression, and the rates of both are high, prompting begin finding ways to help patients meet them. a programmatic expansion to address these needs. The so- This means not only helping them navigate confusing cial workers are relatively new additions to the team, and and hard-to-find sources of care and aid but also partnering the CCP recently introduced a monthly behavioral health with community gardens, offering cooking workshops, and support group that cycles through five topics, including connecting patients with arts programs. The funding also mindfulness, managing distress, and self-compassion. enabled the team to bring on its community-health worker. Social worker Nicole Gier has begun offering in-clinic in- The RWJF-funded study has its own randomized control dividual psychotherapy sessions for CCP patients. Yoga is and test groups, whose care includes access to these addi- another new offering. Part of the data collection CCP does is tional services. It will measure the CCP’s success at getting a qualitative study, overseen by Tang, that surveys patients more enrollees to fully participate in the program. on their use of the program and overall sense of well-being, As the CCP expands into meeting patients’ social needs, and will evaluate these new services against that metric. the program is beginning to feel like a lifestyle—which, The complex patient population on Chicago’s South Side, in fact, it aims to be. Health care itself, as the CCP team whom Berry says she specifically came to serve, can experi- practices it, might be defined as a lifestyle too: as an entire ence many social hurdles, not least of which is a low level philosophy of caring for the living, particularly when such of education. Part of the physicians’ work is making sure care is complex. As his experiment continues to demon- patients and their families have a thorough understanding strate that it can reduce hospitalizations and costs, Melt- of their conditions and treatments. Krishnamoorthi often zer believes more and more that centering medical care on draws diagrams for his patients. Do you understand? and lasting human relationships makes lasting human—and Do you have any questions? the physicians repeatedly ask. economic—sense. ◆ The CCP is achieving significant results even while

Photography by Joe Sterbenc ([email protected]) Sterbenc Joe by Photography about 30 percent of the patients enrolled do not receive care Sharla A. Paul is a writer and editor in Hyde Park.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019 47

UCH_TakingCare_v3.indd 47 4/26/19 3:09 PM MUSIC LIEBER ERICH A box of letters from Nazi Germany inspires a jazz opera.

BY CARRIE GOLUS, AB’91, AM’93

or decades, the cardboard box by his grandmother Herta in Wetzlar, Germany, of letters sat in the attic of the to her only child, then a sociology graduate stu- Long Island house where jazz dent. The letters, dated from 1938 to 1941, were pianist Ted Rosenthal grew up. neatly filed in chronological order, along with

He and his sister, Barbara, might duplicate copies. Photography by Sarah Shatz have had “some vague knowledge Ted Rosenthal doesn’t know German. His that they existed,” he says, “but mother was of Russian heritage and spoke a bit no one looked at them, no one of Yiddish, “but the Germans looked down on discussed them.” Yiddish,” he says. “So we just spoke English at After his father, sociologist Erich Rosenthal, home.” He closed the box and put it in his own FAM’42, PhD’48, died in 1995, Ted finally looked attic in Scarsdale, New York, where it gathered in the box. Inside were more than 200 letters sent more dust.

48 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

UCH_DearErich_v4.indd 48 4/25/19 11:36 AM Ted Rosenthal’s jazz opera, based on the experiences and letters of his father and grandparents, explores themes of grief, survival, and memory.

Those long-neglected letters are the basis for career, both on the struggles of Jewish com- Rosenthal’s jazz opera, Dear Erich, which had munities in Germany. In 1937 he began a corre- its premiere at the Museum of Jewish Heritage spondence with Louis Wirth, PhB 1919, AM’25, in New York this past January. His wife, Lesley, PhD’26 (1897–1952), a leading figure in the Chi- helped choose the letters and cowrote the libret- cago school of sociology. to. Commissioned by the New York City Opera Wirth, who was born in Germany, focused on and presented with the National Yiddish Theatre urbanism. His first book, The Ghetto (University Folksbiene, “it’s a simple and fluid production, of Chicago Press, 1928), drew partly on his own sensitively directed,” according to a New York experience to describe how Jewish immigrants Times review. The opera features 15 characters adapted to urban life. “This young man seems to and 11 instrumentalists, in- have some stuff in him,” Wirth cluding Rosenthal on piano. wrote to Robert Redfield, LAB The project began unexpect- A WHOLE 1915, PhB’20, JD’21, PhD’28, edly in 2015, when Rosenthal then dean of the Division of traveled to Bad Camberg, Ger- WORLD BEGAN the Social Sciences. “Would many, where his grandmother TO OPEN UP, there be any possibility, even had grown up. He and 30 other at this date, to get some help descendants of the town’s Jew- A WORLD OF for him in the form of a full or ish community had been invited FAMILY, FAMILY half scholarship?” to attend the opening of the re- There was not. All the fund- furbished Alte Jüdische Schüle FRIENDS, ing had already been allocated. (old Jewish school), a half-tim- PEOPLE AND Nonetheless Wirth offered Er- bered building that served as the PLACES. ich a spot in the sociology pro- town’s synagogue from 1773 to gram. With the help of an aunt 1838. When Rosenthal told Peter in New Jersey, Erich was able Schmidt, the director of the local historical society, to leave Germany in March 1938, eight months about his grandmother’s letters, Schmidt offered to before Kristallnacht. “Maybe once, maybe twice, translate them. my father did say something to the effect that Pro- Back in the United States, reading the letters fessor Wirth saved his life,” Ted Rosenthal recalls. in English, Rosenthal discovered the voice of a During the first three years of Erich’s gradu- grandmother he had never known, whose un- ate study, his mother wrote about once a week. derstated language and wry humor mirrored his In the early letters Erich’s father, Theodor (after father’s own. “A whole world began to open up, a whom Ted is named), would occasionally add a world of family, family friends, people and plac- businesslike postscript. Rosenthal used snippets es that were a fundamental part of my father’s of “between 10 and 20 letters” to construct the plot growing up,” Rosenthal writes on the Dear Erich of Dear Erich. website. His father had never talked about any of An expert on assimilation and intermarriage it, “no doubt because it was too painful.” among American Jews, Erich Rosenthal taught Soon afterward, Rosenthal had to have a tumor sociology and anthropology at Queens College, removed from his left arm—a potentially career- City University of New York, from 1951 to 1978. ending surgery for a pianist. During his conva- In 1963 he published data showing that intermar-

Photography by Sarah Shatz lescence, when he wasn’t able to play the piano at riage with non-Jews was much more common all, he decided to dedicate his time to composing than believed, and that 70 percent of children a jazz opera based on his grandmother’s letters. in mixed marriages were not raised Jewish.Here’s His looking at findings were reported in the New York you,Times kid:, Boy meets Time, and Newsweek. According to Rosenthal’sgirl meets pizza rich Rosenthal started his academic work obituary in Footnotes, the American Sociologiin Claire- Scanlon’s at the Universities of Giessen and Bonn. cal Association newsletter, “the issue provoked(AB’93) romantic E He published two articles early in his a crisis of soul searching about Jewish identity.”comedy Set It Up.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019 49

UCH_DearErich_v5.indd 49 4/26/19 4:08 PM w Herta Rosenthal’s letters to her son elide the increasingly dangerous situation the family faced in Ger- many. “There is not much news,” she writes in this August 1938 letter. Herta tells Erich about a package she’s sent him, containing “tools, cigarettes, and a box of pills ... 4 shirts, 1 underjacket, 2 handkerchiefs, 2 pairs of socks” but alludes to challenges (“grand- dad has a lot of problems in his business”). “Write soon in detail,” she urges. Images courtesy Ted Rosenthal Ted courtesy Images

50 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

UCH_DearErich_v5.indd 50 4/26/19 4:04 PM Herta and Theodor Rosenthal in Germany (left) and Erich Rosenthal as young man. Peter Schmidt, director of the historical society in Bad Camberg, Germany, translated the letters the Rosenthals sent to their son between 1938 and 1941.

The opera shows Erich as an old man in the forced to leave, but she is grateful he was able to last days of his life, consumed with guilt that he escape. “Your leaving was God’s gift,” she says, survived the war but could not rescue his parents. “Your living is my gift.” Knowing this, Erich is His relationship with his children, Freddy and able to reconcile with his children before he dies. Hannah, is strained and distant. (This was exag- gerated for dramatic purposes, Rosenthal is quick to point out.) As Erich talks with his children, his osenthal trained as a classical pianist at past is revealed through a series of flashbacks. the Manhattan School of Music and has In the first letter, as Rosenthal calls it, Erich’s R composed piano concertos and music for mother wants to know all the details of his new the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater. But he life in America: How was the trip, how is the is best known as a jazz pianist who won the 1988 food, who is washing his clothes? “Very mother- Thelonious Monk Institute of Jazz International ly,” Rosenthal says. “And this went on the whole Piano Competition and who has performed with time, even when she was really in peril.” jazz legends like Wynton Marsalis. All too soon comes the Kristallnacht letter, ac- Musically, Dear Erich brings Rosenthal’s love of tually a composite of two letters written a couple jazz and classical music together; Porgy and Bess of weeks apart. Knowing the mail is censored, was a loose model, he says. (Kurt Elling, AM’17, Herta writes obliquely that “your father and sang one of the pieces from Dear Erich during the uncle have gone away”; in other words, the men Jazz Cruise, a jazz festival on a cruise ship, last had been rounded up and taken to a concentra- year.) The scenes in Chicago where his father is tion camp. When Erich’s father courting his mother, Lili, are returns, he is in such poor health set against a background of that he dies shortly afterward. jazz. “The decision to use a Composing music to this let- THE WORDS quintessentially American ter “was particularly intense,” idiom is poignant,” wrote the Rosenthal writes on the opera PUT TO MUSIC reviewer for the New Yorker. website. “The words put to music MAGNIFY THE “Erich falls in love to the magnify the emotion.” EMOTION. strains of a Cole Porter–esque In the immigration letter—an- tune.” Like the lost letter, this other composite—Herta writes too was invented: while his fa- about how grim the situation has become and ther enjoyed some American culture—Broadway asks Erich to help her join him in Chicago. The musicals, Jack Benny—he was not a jazz fan. “heartbreaking nitty-gritty detail” in these let- Trying to get the jazz musicians and opera ters gave him a sense of the guilt his father must singers to work together smoothly was a chal- have felt, Rosenthal told the Jazz Times: “At one lenge, Rosenthal discovered. In the operatic point she was literally packing, making a list of world, “there’s this flexibility to the pulse and what she could take.” the time,” Rosenthal says, while in jazz, “there’s In real life Erich never knew exactly what had this swing, beat, or groove.” The instrumental- happened to his mother after the letters stopped. ists had to learn not to steamroll over the singers, Rosenthal discovered the truth in 2014, during a who wanted to take time to add drama, while the visit to the US Holocaust Memorial Museum: Herta singers learned to stick more closely to the beat. died in SobibÓr, an extermination camp in Poland. Future performances include concert-like pre- The opera concludes with the lost letter, as sentations at synagogues and Jewish centers, as Rosenthal calls it. Dr. Schmidt—a character well as a jazz concert of music from the opera in based on the letters’ translator—tells Freddy that Copenhagen in June. Rosenthal hopes to perform during the refurbishment of the town synagogue, the opera in Chicago someday. “It does feel like they found a cache of mail that was never sent. In the University of Chicago itself is a big part of the this invented letter, Herta tells Erich that she and story of Dear Erich,” he says. “I think it would be

Images courtesy Ted Rosenthal Ted courtesy Images the town’s remaining Jewish families are being very meaningful.” ◆

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UCH_DearErich_v5.indd 51 4/26/19 4:04 PM GLIMPSES

ONE PERSON’S POWER

The education and career of Sybil Jordan Hampton, MST’68, have been sometimes lonely, often groundbreaking, and always brave.

BY LAURA DEMANSKI, AM’94

s a 10th grader, Sybil Jordan Hampton was one of Jersey, my burning desire was to earn a master’s in public five African American students to attend Little health. My first husband [John G. Stevenson, AM’67, PhD’75] Rock Central High School. It was two years af- was selected as a Woodrow Wilson Fellow at the U of C in ter the Little Rock Nine enrolled at Central in a philosophy. Without an opportunity to pursue a graduate national test of Brown v. Board of Education and degree in public health at UChicago, I became the working anti-integration protests and violence caused the wife of a graduate student. Arkansas city to close all its high schools for the After a year at the Social Security Payment Center, I knew 1958–59 school year. that was not a good fi . What should I do? My experiences When they reopened, Hampton, MST’68, and her cohort with teenage classmates at Little Rock Central High made Aenrolled more quietly—in fact, to deafening silence from her me not ever want to work with young people. My mother white classmates that lasted the entire three years until she was an elementary school teacher, and I wanted to break graduated with honors. that mold. And I felt intimidated at the thought of gradu- From there Hampton studied English at Earlham Col- ate study at the University of Chicago. But John thought lege, then education at the University of Chicago and Co- I would make a great teacher and was ready for graduate lumbia University’s Teachers College, where she focused on study. I applied reluctantly and was pleasantly surprised to Lawrence Cremin’s “educating professions” and earned her be awarded a full scholarship. doctorate in 1991. After a 15-year career in higher education administration, Hampton moved to philanthropy, becom- How did you like it? ing contributions manager for education and culture at the GTE Corporate Foundation. Oh, I loved being a graduate student. The program was small, Hampton never envisioned returning to live in Little with only 12 women students. We worked as a team to pre- Rock. So it was unexpected when she had the opportunity pare to teach urban low-income African American students. to go back after 30 years to become president of the Ar- Once again in my life, I was the only African American. kansas-focused Winthrop Rockefeller Foundation (WRF), Although Earlham was a great private liberal arts college, which she led for a decade. After retiring, Hampton served my fellow students had earned degrees at more prestigious for seven months as general manager of the Arkansas Sym- colleges and universities. The academic challenges were phony Orchestra. She recently concluded a five-year term a small part of what daunted me. Life in a small Southern on the Arkansas Ethics Commission. state was very different from life in New York, Chicago, This January Hampton returned to campus to accept the Philadelphia, Boston. My classmates talked about experi- University’s Diversity Leadership Award. Bestowed each ences that were new to me—the New York Philharmonic year on an alumnus or alumna, a faculty member, and a staff Orchestra, family trips to Paris, sailing, skiing, shopping at

member, the award recognizes contributions to diversity and Bergdorf Goodman and Saks Fifth Avenue, brands of cloth- Photography by Ven Sherrod inclusion at the University and in the broader community. ing and shoes I did not know. This interview has been edited and condensed. Although I was a third-generation college-educated person, I was the first generation to be educated in a so-called How did you end up at UChicago? elite institution of higher education. At the end of our program, one woman said to me, “We always thought that you Having served as a college extern with the US Public Health didn’t talk to us because you were the smartest.” And I fell Service and worked with migrant families in rural New out laughing. I said, “No, I didn’t feel that I had anything to

52 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

UCH_Glimpses_v3.indd 52 4/25/19 1:10 PM In February Hampton returned to campus to accept the University’s alumni Diversity Leadership Award—a joy, she says, after considering herself “somebody who was just in the background.”

What was it like growing up in Little Rock? My family consisted of my parents, my maternal grandfather, my brother, and me. Our house was exactly seven blocks down the street from Little Rock Central High School. In our racially mixed neighborhood, my family owned a small grocery store located on the northeast corner of 7th Street, and the Grants, a white family, owned a small grocery store on the northwest corner. In the segregated South, two grocery stores on adjacent corners was not an unusual arrangement. Because my parents were business owners whose provi- sions came only from white vendors, my brother and I always had relationships with people who were not African American. We experienced our parents and grandfather being treated with dignity and respect by their vendors. These men were very kind and friendly with all of us. How could we know as children the power of what we experienced? We gained confidence in interacting with all types of people and understood that all people who were different did not hate us or mean to harm or misuse us. In I learned at Chicago our segregated world, we learned that we mattered despite that people can see and all the negative messages sent by “colored only” signs and appreciate you in ways hostile people who referred to us using the N-word. you can’t see yourself. How did you and your family decide that you would go to Central? My parents were very much involved in the NAACP and at Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church, which is where four of the Little Rock Nine went to church. My par-

Photography by Ven Sherrod say, because you were talking about experiences that were ents were in leadership roles among people who were think- so different from mine. I was just listening.” ing, what are we going to do? How are we going to move I learned at Chicago that people can see and appreciate forward after 1954? you in ways you can’t see yourself. I learned to be more con- As young people we were in those conversations and en- fident when opening myself to new experiences, new ways couraged to think that somebody had to do it. My parents of seeing and being that took me out of my comfort zone. said, “If you want to do it, we’ll support you.” My brother And I learned to appreciate the example from my parents went the year after me, so my parents had two children at and grandfather of a commitment to lifelong learning. Little Rock Central High School for two years.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019 53

UCH_Glimpses_v3.indd 53 4/26/19 4:08 PM And your experience was entirely different from things. And I thought, I want to be in a place where people that in your parents’ store. are not afraid to take a risk and try a program. The career shift made sense because I understood the Everybody wondered what would happen. And what hap- powerful role philanthropy plays in investing in and sow- pened is that we were shunned. That was quite stunning, ing the seeds necessary for the systemic eradication of eco- that the resistance changed from harassing in the hallway nomic, racial, and social injustice. If we are to challenge the in 1957–58, to literally just: You didn’t matter. You didn’t ex- status quo, independent agents are required, and philan- ist. People didn’t look at you. People didn’t speak to you. And thropic organizations are among the best examples. that went on from the first day to the last day. No one in my homeroom ever spoke to me. You emceed the 60th anniversary of Central’s desegregation. What did that mean to you? How did you maintain your focus and stay strong? So many people are startled to discover that people went My pastor, Rev. R. K. Young, always taught us that from the to Little Rock Central High School after 1957 and the Lit- time of slavery, our people had lived with the hope that the tle Rock Nine. You know, the story just stops. People don’t promises of democracy would understand that school deseg- be realized, and that our people regation is a process. It’s been died with those promises not an ongoing process, and people being realized, but they left a Not everybody gets the treat it as if it were a sound bite. legacy that said, “Keep hope respect for being foot There were many, many alive, work for this.” young “foot soldiers” who As a child I was taught that soldiers. You know, it’s made tremendous sacrifices it might be my generation that not just the warriors. like my brother and I did to be would have the breakthroughs, part of the Little Rock Central so I needed to stay focused on High School desegregation doing well, doing well, doing well. And that education was struggle. Most attended college and enjoyed successful something that could never be taken away and would be careers. There were a few who didn’t fare as well. the key to my success. I had always been a very studious But also, not everybody gets the respect for being foot person, a big reader, so I continued to do at Central what I soldiers. You know, it’s not just the warriors. had done before. When people hear your story, what do you With hindsight, how far do you think we’ve come? want them to take from it? I talk to young people who come to the Little Rock Central That one person, one person with passion and with for- High School National Historic Site, groups from all across titude, and with a vision for how they can make a dif- the country. I’m always pleased at the end when some ask, ference in some small way, matters. Sometimes young “Will you step aside and talk to me? Would you put your arm people think that you have to do something that makes around me?” And they’ll say, “I’m the only person in my AP you an icon, that gets in the newspaper. Just because class. And people don’t really know how to reach out to me.” someone doesn’t know your name doesn’t mean what you What happened to me continues to happen because have done is not significant. there are so many opportunities for young people to be isolated if they are the only one—the only Latina, the only How did it feel to come back to the University African American—and particularly if you start looking to accept the Diversity Leadership Award? at International Baccalaureate and Advanced Placement programs. There’s a dwindling of diversity. I was humbled. I always considered myself someone who was very fortunate to get my master’s and to have the won- Why did you move to philanthropy? derful experiences I had there. I loved studying, I loved the people that I met, but I always considered myself somebody It became clearer and clearer when I was studying at Colum- who was just in the background. It was a source of joy to bia that the things foundations fund very often change the know that sometimes the little engine that thinks that it direction of a society. They have the money to try innovative can, can. ◆

54 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2018

UCH_Glimpses_v3.indd 54 4/25/19 1:11 PM PEER REVIEW WHAT ALUMNI ARE THINKING AND DOING

PINNED THEIR HOPES In the spring of 1946, Lucille B. Hawkins, AB’43, and her husband, Donald M. Hawkins, AB’46, JD’47, were one of 75 student families living in the University’s veterans’ housing on the block where the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle is today. Prefabs like theirs, spartan one- and two-bedroom plywood homes converted from barracks, were also located at 59th Street and Maryland Avenue (near the Chicago Lying-in Hospital) and at 60th and Drexel (now home to the Logan Center for the Arts).

56 58 73 76 Notes and Alumni News Advanced Deaths Releases Degrees UChicago Photographic Archive, apf4-02905, University of Chicago Library Chicago of University apf4-02905, Archive, Photographic UChicago

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Spr-19_Peer Review Opener_v4.indd 55 4/26/19 12:21 PM NOTES A SELECTION OF ALUMNI WHOSE NAMES ARE IN THE NEWS

LIFELONG SERVICE Duane F. Hyde, MD’51, has been awarded the rank of chevalier in France’s Legion of Honour for his service as a US Army staff sergeant during World War II. Hyde received the decoration at a Febru- ary ceremony at the French consulate in San Francisco. Recognized for his combat duty in Germany’s Harz Mountains, for which he received the Purple Heart, and in Alsace, France, Hyde said of the award, “I don’t feel like it’s for me as much as I am a representative of many, many soldiers that are still in France and the rest of us that fought with them.” A retired physician, Hyde served for more SPECIAL ELECTION than four decades as a family doctor In an April 2 runoff election, Toni Preckwinkle, AB’69, MAT’77, and Lori Lightfoot, in King City, California, where he also JD’89 (above), competed for the office of mayor of Chicago. Lightfoot, who won helped found a general hospital. the election after serving as president of the Chicago Police Board, will be the city’s first openly gay mayor and the first African American woman to hold the office. TRAILBLAZING GEOGRAPHER An advocate for city government reform, Lightfoot said after the election, “Other In November Susanna B. Hecht, than crime, there’s no bigger issue that we face than securing the financial future LAB’68, AB’72, received the American of our city.” Preckwinkle, who will continue her third term as president of the Cook Geographical Society’s David Living- County Board, underscored the historic nature of the election when the votes were stone Centenary Medal. Named for the tallied. “Not long ago, two African-American women vying for this position would Scottish explorer, the Livingstone Medal have been unthinkable.” Lightfoot takes office on May 20. is awarded “for scientific achievement in the field of geography of the southern hemisphere.” Hecht, who is professor has led efforts to promote diversity and the special programs curator at Long of urban planning at UCLA’s Luskin inclusion, expand academic programs, Island’s Cinema Arts Centre. School of Public Affairs and an author- and strengthen community engagement. ity on land use and development in the At Grinnell she will be the liberal arts col- DOCTOR’S PRESCRIPTION FOR CHANGE Amazon rainforest, helped establish the lege’s chief academic officer. William A. McDade, PhD’88, MD’90, has field of political ecology with her studies become the Chicago-based Accreditation of human-environment interaction in HOLOCAUST SCHOLAR HONORED Council for Graduate Medical Education’s Latin America. American Geographical Jud Newborn, AM’77, PhD’94, received first chief diversity and inclusion officer. At Society vice president Deborah Popper the 2018 Spirit of Anne Frank “Human the nation’s primary accreditor of post-MD commended Hecht for her insights Writes” Award from New York City’s Anne training programs, McDade will lead initia- into “how economics, culture, and land Frank Center for Mutual Respect. New- tives aimed at underrepresented groups. use operate in a society to reflect and born was cited for his role as cocreator “In order to train the next generation of change the environment.” and the founding historian of New York physicians to be prepared to care for the City’s Museum of Jewish Heritage and for American public, we must ensure that op-

HARRIS TO LEAD GRINNELL FACULTY his coauthored 1986 Holocaust narrative portunities to train in all areas of medicine 2.0) (CC BY-NC-ND Prachatai courtesy Photo Anne F. Harris, AM’92, PhD’99, will be- Shattering the German Night: The Story of are open to diverse populations,” he said come Grinnell College’s new dean and the White Rose. Later reprinted as Sophie in a statement. Most recently the execu- vice president for academic affairs in July. Scholl and the White Rose (Oneworld, tive vice president and chief academic Harris moves to the Iowa school from 2006), the book chronicles the German officer at Ochsner Health System in New DePauw University, where she has served anti-Nazi resistance group and the life of Orleans, McDade previously served as as vice president for academic affairs one of its student leaders. The award also professor of anesthesia and critical care since 2015 and has taught art history for recognized Newborn’s human rights ac- and deputy provost for research and mi- more than 20 years. An expert in medi- tivism and his work in preserving one of nority issues at UChicago, where he was eval art, she is coauthor of a textbook the country’s largest collections of anti- also the Pritzker School of Medicine’s as- on the subject forthcoming this year. In Semitic artifacts at the US Holocaust sociate dean for multicultural affairs. her administrative role at DePauw, she Memorial Museum. Newborn is currently —Andrew Peart, AM’16, PhD’18

56 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

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Erica

, “work, wife” SPRING 2019 SPRING | wrote poetrywrote cele to Claire Mazur Claire cult, compassionate work of of work compassionate cult, —AndrewPeart, AM’16, PhD’18 ffi and rst full-length publication, com publication, full-length rst fi their livesand express her grief.The

poemsgathered thisincollection, John caring for another and the experiences of of experiences the and another for caring grace,dignity, and hope bestows.it binelyric and narrative meditationsinto di the on son’s assistant, but for entrepreneurs entrepreneurs for but assistant, Cerulo belongsnow women to who combine thepersonal and theprofessional in theirmutuallyown supportive work relationships.Linking other to femaleit Cerulo partnerships, entrepreneurial andMazur depict their venture,own the website e-commerce designer-focused Kind,Ofa aspart female-drivena of work American the of transformation placemorea cooperativeinto and less environment. competitive THECAREGIVER: POEMS ByCaroline Johnson, AM’98; Holy Cow!Press, 2018 Inthedecade andhalf a she spent caring forher parents through aging and illness, author prizewinning and adviser college CarolineJohnson brate 50 clichémalea executiveof and hiscapable WORKWIFE: THE POWER OF FEMALEFRIENDSHIP DRIVETO BUSINESSES SUCCESSFUL ByErica Cerulo, AB’05, and Claire Mazur, 2019 Books, Ballantine AB’06; Thephrase mightthe20th-century evoke

------

THEUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE

ghtingdis erent demo erent fi ff assistant professor professor assistant , , associate, professor of ’s Goodreads bookshelf at mag.uchicago.edu/alumni-books. at bookshelf Goodreads ’s s can help Americans spend Americans help can s ff RELEASES TraciParker Magazine ectedpeople allinclasses society.of ff UniversityNorthof Carolina Press, 2019 Ashubsconsumption of and labor,de partmentstores formuch the20thof participation economic enshrined century fullroute to democraticasa citizenship, asserts Afro-Americanof studies theUniverat sityMassachusetts,of Amherst. With shoppersand workers alike moretimethe inpursuit happiness.of DEPARTMENTSTORES AND THE BLACK WORKERS, MOVEMENT: FREEDOM CONSUMERS,AND CIVIL RIGHTS FROM THE1930S THETO 1980S Parker, ByTraci AM’04, PhD’13; century,average income grownlevels have - spend our means which rapidly, more far ingpowergreateris than thehavetime we Hamermeshdescribesit. expending for di among patterns time-use assess how suggests and groups graphic trade-o ing movement the argues, Parker crimination, department US in integration racial for storesfromdrew theAfrican American strugglesforbothequal access public to opportunity, economic equal and spaces andcentralplayeda rolethein formation class. middle black modern a of ENEMIES: THE FRIENDS OUR THEOCCUPATION OFFRANCE NAPOLEON AFTER ByChristine Haynes, AM’95, PhD’01; HarvardUniversity Press, 2018 TheNapoleonic wars didn’t exactly end in 1815withtheBattle Waterloo,of argues Haynes Christine historytheUniversityat Northof Carolina Charlotte.at Forthenext three years, a British-ledmultinational forceoccupied describes Haynes France. northeastern fi the as occupation this modern st “peacekeepingmission,” which involved fi reconstruction, political repara ancial tions,and cultural cross-pollination. Taking itstitlefromribald a French popular song theera,of Haynes’s book examines how thisproject internationalof reconciliation a

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Daniel

icts. fl , AB’65;, Oxford Juanita Tamayo Tamayo Juanita ghting decades ghting fi cers who became who cers , professor, historyof ffi , distinguished scholar atscholardistinguished , She also addresses UChicago’s UChicago’s addresses also She andstatistician, places thecom , a retired senior federal demogra federal senior retired a , DanielS. Hamermesh uenceonthecareers pioneeringof in fl Foradditional alumni releases, use the link theto PRAIRIE IMPERIALISTS: THE THE IMPERIALISTS: PRAIRIE OF ORIGINS COUNTRY INDIAN EMPIRE AMERICAN PhD’98; AM’89, Bjork, Katharine By 2018 Press, Pennsylvania of University after overseas expansion imperial US a extended War Spanish-American the argues home, at begun project colonial Bjork Katharine Hamlineat University. Her book pro former the in administrators colonial after colonies Spanish earlierUSwarsin withNativenations on thedomestic frontier.According Bjork, to theirknowingof ways and ruling colonial otherstheinterritoriesnew prediwere catedonthose earlier con University Press, 2019 Press, University longLifeis but timescarce is andevermore valuable,according economist to S. Hamermesh S. expectancy life Though College. Barnard and wealthy in dramatically increased has middle-incomenations theinpast half tellectualsincluding color, of her own. MOST THE TIME: SPENDING RESOURCE VALUABLE By munitymajora of public state university at student minority era’s the of vanguard the activism. in three US Army o Army US three demanded sity) equal access public to highereducation, more senior faculty of The curriculum. multicultural a and color, outcomeCollegewasSF State’s Ethnicof Studies.This memoir by Lott pher ETHNIC STUDIES, SF STATE SF STUDIES, ETHNIC ByJuanita Lott, Tamayo AM’73; EastwindBooks Berkeley,of 2018 NovemberFrom 1968 March to 1969, theledBlack by Student Union and the thousands Front, Liberation World Third State Francisco San at demonstrators of Univer State Francisco San (now College GOLDENCHILDREN: LEGACY OF Notes and Releases_Layout_Spr 19_v4.indd 57

Photo courtesy Prachatai (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0) To protect the IT’S NOT TOO LATE TO BECOME privacy of our A DOCTOR • Intensive, full-time preparation for medical school in one year alumni, the Alumni • Early acceptance programs at select medical schools—more than any other postbac program News section has • Supportive, individual academic and premedical advising been removed VISIT US AT WWW.BRYNMAWR.EDU/POSTBAC [email protected] from this PDF. 610-526-7350

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What’s new? We are always eager to receive your news, care of the Alumni News Editor, The University of Chicago Magazine, 5235 South Harper Court, Suite 500, Chicago, IL 60615, or by email: uchicago-magazine@uchicago.edu. No engagements, please. Items may be edited for space. As news is published in the order in which it arrives, it may not appear immediately. We list news from all former undergraduates (including those with UChicago graduate degrees) by the year of their undergraduate affiliation. All former

students who received only graduate degrees are listed in the advanced degrees section. PhotographyMildredby LaDue Mead, UChicago Photographic Archive, apf2-09596, University ofChicago Library

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AlumniNews_Spring 19_v13.indd 75 4/26/19 12:04 PM DEATHS

FACULTY AND STAFF Buddhist Cosmology (1982). In 2010 he re- also cofounded the Chicago Ten, an interfaith ceived the Norman Maclean Faculty Award group of business leaders promoting Middle Eric P. Hamp, the Robert Maynard Hutchins for his teaching and mentorship. He is sur- East peace. He is survived by his wife, Arlene, Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus vived by his partner, June C. Nash, AM’53, and two daughters. of Linguistics, Slavic Languages and Litera- PhD’60; three sons; and nine grandchildren. Priscilla Thomson Jackson, EX’43, died tures, Psychology, and the Committee on the Ting-Wa Wong, MD’57, PhD’70, associate September 6 in Rutland, VT. She was 96. Ancient Mediterranean World, died February professor of pathology at UChicago Medi- Moving to Detroit in 1943, Jackson and her 17 in Traverse City, MI. He was 98. A World cine, died January 4 in Chicago. She was late husband cofounded the city’s branch War II US Army veteran who became a lead- 86. An expert in endocrine pathology and of the Congress of Racial Equality. After ing historical linguist, Hamp was an authority mammalian spermatogenesis, Wong began joining Oakland University’s adult educa- on the development of languages in the Indo- teaching at UChicago in 1961 and spent the tion department as a conference director, European family, especially Albanian and the rest of her career on the faculty. She coordi- she became the first director of the school’s Celtic branch, and of such Native American nated the Pritzker School of Medicine’s gen- Continuum Center, an adult education pro- languages as Ojibwa and Quileute. He be- eral and cellular pathology course, taught gram for women, and an assistant dean. She gan teaching at UChicago in 1950, chaired clinical pathophysiology for decades, and later designed programs for professional the Department of Linguistics from 1966 to developed an accelerated histology course women at the University of Michigan and 1969, and directed the Center for Balkan and for predoctoral medical scientists. Rec- Wayne State University. She is survived by Slavic Studies from 1965 until his retirement ognized for her dedication to mentoring two daughters, a son, and a brother. in 1991. Coeditor of the textbook Readings in Pritzker students, she was elected to the Al- Ken E. Nordine, EX’43, died February 16 in Linguistics II (1966), he published thousands pha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society, Chicago. He was 98. A radio broadcaster, of articles on historical linguistics. His hon- was an inaugural member of the UChicago voice-over talent, and sound artist, Nordine ors included a commemorative stamp from Academy of Distinguished Medical Educa- began his first stint at Chicago station WBEZ Albania’s postal service and several honorary tors, and became the namesake of a schol- in 1938, returning later to develop and host doctorates. He is survived by his wife, Margot arship for exceptional pathology students. the long-running program Word Jazz, a mix (Faust) Hamp, AB’42; a daughter, Julijana Thomas A. Nagylaki, professor emeritus of of spoken word, jazz, and sound design based H. Love, LAB’79; a son, Alexander Hamp, ecology and evolution, died February 10. on live performances he started giving at LAB’85; and six grandchildren. He was 75. Trained as a physicist, Nagylaki Chicago music clubs in 1956. His “word jazz” Miguel Civil, professor emeritus of Sumer- did research at the University of Colorado concept spun off into four album releases and ology in the Department of Near Eastern and taught at Oregon State University be- collaborations with such musicians as the Languages and Civilizations and the Orien- fore switching fields to medical genetics and Grateful Dead and Laurie Anderson. A former tal Institute, died January 13 in Chicago. He working in James F. Crow’s laboratory at the announcer for Chicago radio station WBBM, was 92. Civil was the world’s leading scholar University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he he made radio and television commercials of the Sumerian language. He joined the began specializing in population genetics. In for Levi’s, Magnavox, and the Chicago Black- Oriental Institute in 1963 and over the next 1975 he joined UChicago’s faculty in biophys- hawks. He is survived by three sons, including four decades pioneered translation meth- ics and theoretical biology, moving in 1984 to Kenneth E. Nordine Jr., MBA’97; a sister; 10 ods that helped illuminate Mesopotamian the molecular genetics and cell biology depart- grandchildren; and four great-grandchildren. civilization and resurrect a large body of Su- ment and in 1989 to ecology and evolution. He Herbert N. Leavitt, AA’46, of Northlake, IL, merian literature. Epigrapher of the Nippur also held an appointment on the Committee died January 6. He was 99. A World War II US Expedition, he created databases to synthe- on Genetics, Genomics, and Systems Biology. Navy Air Corps veteran, Leavitt later earned size the Sumerian written record from far- Among other publications, he wrote two bio- certifications in transportation and traffic flung cuneiform tablets, reconstructing and mathematics textbooks, including Introduc- management and interstate commerce law. translating agricultural, medical, and other tion to Theoretical Population Genetics (1992). He worked for several Chicagoland trucking kinds of texts, including a hymn used as the companies, including Pacific Intermountain recipe for a craft brewery’s 1989 re-creation 1940s Express (later PIE Nationwide), Suburban of Sumerian beer. Serving on the Chicago Motor Freight, and Dohrn Transfer. Leavitt Assyrian Dictionary’s editorial board, he Alfred J. Kahn, SB’40, PhD’43, MD’44, of was a member of a Cook County school dis- also published numerous volumes in the se- Santa Barbara, CA, died October 25. He trict board and served a term as president. ries Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon. He was 98. After serving as an internist and a Survivors include two sons, six grandchil- is survived by his wife, Isabel Martin Man- chief of psychiatry in the US Army, Kahn dren, and nine great-grandchildren. silla; two daughters; two sisters; a brother; entered private practice as an internist in Adelina L. Lust Diamond, AB’47, died January four grandchildren; and a great-grandchild. Chicago and went on to become chief of Ed- 16 in Chicago. She was 91. Diamond worked Frank E. Reynolds, AM’63, PhD’71, profes- ward Hines Jr. VA Hospital’s spinal cord in- as a sportswear writer for Women’s Wear sor emeritus of the history of religions and jury service. Following his career in clinical Daily and as an editor of the Hyde Park Her- Buddhist studies, of Hastings-on-Hudson, medicine, he did research on epigenetics, de- ald. With a master’s in public administration, NY, died January 8. He was 88. An ordained velopmental physiology, and alcohol addic- she served as a public relations consultant for Baptist minister, Reynolds was program di- tion. He is survived by a son, James M. Kahn, UChicago, the Carnegie Corporation, and rector at Thailand’s Student Christian Cen- AB’70, MD’74; and three grandchildren. the Children’s Defense Fund. Her husband, ter before he became a graduate student in Marshall Bennett, AB’42, died October 13 in Edwin Diamond, PhB’47, AM’49, died in 1997. the Divinity School. In 1967 he joined UChi- Chicago. He was 97. A World War II US Navy She is survived by her partner, Joseph Mann; cago’s faculty, with appointments in both veteran and a leading commercial real estate three daughters, including Ellen Diamond, the Divinity School and the Department of developer, Bennett helped establish the mod- AB’73; a brother, Herbert C. Lust, AM’48; six South Asian Languages and Civilizations. A ern industrial park through such projects as the grandchildren; and four great-grandchildren. leading scholar in the North American aca- Centex Industrial Park in Elk Grove Village, IL. Marjorie Howard Orem, AB’48, of Kennebunk- demic reception of Theravada Buddhism, he He later expanded his business to include of- port, ME, and Potomac, MD, died October 30. published, with his late wife, Mani Bloch, a fice brokerage, syndication, and pension fund She was 89. Formerly an editor and executive translation of the 14th-century text Three advising. Founder of Roosevelt University’s secretary, Orem later worked as a paralegal, Worlds According to King Ruang: A Thai Marshall Bennett Institute of Real Estate, he studied property law, and became a licensed

76 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

Layout_Deaths_Spr19_v8.indd 76 4/26/19 12:45 PM Realtor. Devoted to her family as a military Elias M. Stein, AB’51, SM’53, PhD’55, died of the first women to earn a doctorate in spouse and active in the military commu- December 23 in Somerville, NJ. He was 87. clinical psychology at Harvard University. nity, she served as an advocate through the After teaching at the Massachusetts Institute She later served on Stanford University’s National Military Family Association. She is of Technology and serving as an assistant psychology faculty for more than 15 years, survived by her husband, John; a daughter; professor of mathematics at UChicago from leaving in 1983 to start a private clinical two sons; and eight grandchildren. 1958 to 1963, Stein joined Princeton Univer- therapy practice in New York City, where Erroll F. Rhodes, PhD’48, died November sity’s faculty, retiring in 2012. An expert in she also taught at NewYork–Presbyterian 24. He was 94. Born to missionary parents harmonic analysis, he did research that be- Hospital’s affiliated medical schools. With in Japan, Rhodes returned to the country came groundwork for compressing sound her then husband, psychologist Walter after earning his doctorate in divinity and, and image data and charting stock markets Mischel, she authored the textbooks Read- as an Episcopal missionary himself, taught and gravitational waves. His honors included ings in Personality (1973) and Essentials of Christian studies for 15 years at Rikkyo Uni- the National Medal of Science and the Ameri- Psychology (1980) and studied delayed grati- versity. In 1967 he moved back to the United can Mathematical Society’s Steele Prize for fication in children with an original method States and became resident biblical scholar at Lifetime Achievement. He is survived by his known as the marshmallow test. She is sur- the American Bible Society. An expert in the wife, Elly; a daughter; a son; a brother; and vived by three daughters, including Judith history of scriptural transmission and trans- three grandchildren. S. Mischel, MBA’86; a sister, Sara Nerlove, lation, Rhodes wrote, edited, and translated Armando Gene Ferrari, AB’52, of Morris- LAB’58; a brother, Marc L. Nerlove, LAB’49, numerous works of textual scholarship on the town, NJ, died August 23. He was 88. Ferrari AB’52; and six grandchildren. Bible. He is survived by his wife, Martha; two worked as an engineer at Western Electric’s Edgar C. Bristow III, MD’56, died September daughters; a son, E. Allen Rhodes, AB’77; two Engineering Research Center and managed 30 in Absecon, NJ. He was 89. After serving grandchildren; and five great-grandchildren. the company’s corporate data center before as a US Army medical officer, Bristow joined David H. Shaftman, SB’48, SM’49, of Na- joining AT&T, where he became director of the staffs of Atlantic City Medical Center and perville, IL, died November 16. He was 94. international engineering. He held patents for the hospital now known as Shore Medical Shaftman worked as a physicist at Argonne his work on wire coatings and insulation. He is Center, where he practiced family medicine National Laboratory and was a longtime survived by his wife, Joen Luy; a daughter; two and pediatrics. He also worked as a physician member of the American Mathematical sons; a brother, Joseph G. Ferrari, AB’50; five at Atlantic County, NJ, elementary schools Society. An avid singer, he was passionate grandchildren; and two great-grandchildren. and served on the board of the county’s about music, art, and nature. He is survived Jane Rosenbloom Gottschalk, LAB’48, American Red Cross. He is survived by his by four daughters and two grandchildren. AB’52, died December 2 in Okemos, MI. She wife, Diane Byers; a daughter; and a son. Louis P. River III, PhB’49, died October 17 in was 85. Gottschalk worked at CBS in New Harold B. Higgins, MBA’57, died June 11 in Chicago. He was 88. River served as a US Air York City before joining the University of Scottsdale, AZ. He was 96. Higgins supervised Force captain and surgeon before becoming Chicago Press as an editor. She later earned long-range planning and corporate strategy at chief of surgery and chief of staff at Oak Park a degree from the University of Connecticut Standard Oil before becoming vice president Hospital (now a partner of Rush University School of Law and practiced real estate and of Irwin Management, where he was a skilled Medical Center). He was a fellow of the In- family law. When her husband, Alexander recruiter. After serving as vice president of ternational College of Surgeons and a dip- Gottschalk, LAB’48, former UChicago human resources at Cummins Engine Com- lomate of the American Board of Surgery, professor of radiology, began teaching at pany (later renamed Cummins), he started retiring in 1985. Active in civil rights, he Michigan State University, she took a job his own consulting and recruiting business, promoted racial integration in Oak Park, IL. in the state attorney general’s office. Her Higgins Associates. He is survived by a He is survived by his wife, Jacqueline Rivet- husband died in 2010. She is survived by daughter, two sons, and two grandchildren. River; four daughters, including Laura River, two daughters, including Amy Gottschalk, AB’79; three sons, including L. Philip River AB’87; a son; and five grandchildren. 1960s IV, AB’79, AM’96, PhD’06; a brother, George William M. Soybel, AB’52, of Acton, MA, died L. River, AB’52; and 11 grandchildren. November 11. He was 86. An internist, Soybel Gene I. Rochlin, SB’60, SM’61, PhD’66, died worked on the internal medicine staff of the November 25 in Oakland, CA. He was 80. 1950s University of Chicago Hospitals and Clinics A physicist and a political scientist, Roch- (now UChicago Medicine) before practicing lin was professor emeritus of energy and Walter “Chick” H. Holtkamp Jr., AB’51, of for many years in Waltham, MA, and serving resources at the University of California, Cleveland, died August 27. He was 89. A US on active and reserve duty in the US Army Berkeley, where he taught for nearly four Navy veteran, Holtkamp joined his family’s and US Navy medical corps. In retirement decades. Specializing in the social and po- business, the Holtkamp Organ Company, he lectured at the Boston University School litical study of science and technology, he and served as president from 1962 until his of Medicine. He is survived by his wife, Ruth published Plutonium, Power, and Politics: In- retirement in 1997. Leading one of the coun- Eisenstein Soybel, LAB’50; four daughters; ternational Arrangements for the Disposition try’s oldest pipe organ manufacturers, he two sons, David I. Soybel, AB’78, MD’82, and of Spent Nuclear Fuel (1979), among other designed and built instruments for the Cleve- Jeremy G. Soybel, AB’83; 12 grandchildren; works. His honors included fellowships land Institute of Music, Union Theological and seven great-grandchildren. from the Guggenheim Foundation and the Seminary, the Juilliard School, and hundreds Reuben L. Hedlund, LAB’51, 12GC’53, EX’55, MacArthur Foundation’s former interna- of churches and schools. He is survived by his died August 1 in Glenview, IL. He was 82. A tional security program. He is survived by wife, Karen; three sons; a stepdaughter; and corporate lawyer, Hedlund was a partner with two sons, a sister, and four grandchildren. seven grandchildren. the firm Kirkland & Ellis when he successful- Kent A. Kirwan, AM’61, PhD’70, died Decem- Felix F. Loeb Jr., AB’51, died March 22, 2018, ly defended General Dynamics in a 1973–74 ber 2 in Omaha, NE. He was 86. An expert in Chesterton, IN. He was 88. Loeb did grad- antitrust case before the US Supreme Court. in political philosophy and American po- uate work in biology at UChicago and, with In 1976 he cofounded his own firm, later litical thought, Kirwan taught at Lawrence an MD from Harvard Medical School, spent acquired by Latham & Watkins, and then University and Marquette University be- his career practicing psychiatry and psycho- started another, Hedlund, Hanley & John, fore joining the University of Nebraska at analysis. With his wife, Loretta, he coau- in 1991. For much of the 1990s, he chaired the Omaha’s political science department in thored the sexuality case studies in Helping Chicago Plan Commission. He is survived by a 1977, serving as chair and, since 2002, as Men: A Psychoanalytic Approach (2012). He daughter; a son; a sister; and six grandchildren. professor emeritus. He received the school’s is survived by two sons, Felix F. Loeb III, Harriet Nerlove Mischel, LAB’52, 12GC’54, Excellence in Teaching Award in 1989. He AB’81, and Jeffrey A. Loeb, AB’82, SM’82, EX’56, of Portland, OR, died September 13. is survived by his wife, Deborah K. Kirwan, PhD’87, MD’89; and two grandchildren. She was 82. In 1963 Mischel became one AB’64; three sons; and six grandchildren.

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Layout_Deaths_Spr19_v8.indd 77 4/26/19 12:46 PM Judith “Judy” M. Bardacke, AB’62, died Frank L. Smith, AB’65, PhD’71, died January 1970s December 7 in Washington, DC. She was 17 near Ellensburg, WA. He was 75. A civil 78. Bardacke was executive director of the rights activist who participated in the March Eric A. Schiller, AB’76, AM’84, PhD’91, of League for Industrial Democracy before join- on Washington and the Selma March, Smith San Jose, CA, died of cardiovascular dis- ing US Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan’s became a medical doctor and taught surgery ease November 3. He was 63. A linguist who staff in 1976 as his labor liaison. Four years in Kenya before serving in the US Air Force. became a World Chess Federation master, later she began working for the American After running a private practice in Southern Schiller published work on linguistic theory Federation of Teachers, where she became California, he became a general surgeon at and Southeast Asian languages while writ- a senior official. After organizing the union’s the Yakima Valley Farm Workers Clinic in ing more than 100 books on chess, including opposition to national school voucher pro- Toppenish, WA. Since 2010 he had practiced World Champion Openings (1997). He also posals in the 1980s and coordinating its own surgery at Kittitas Valley Healthcare in Ellens- helped develop computer chess games and education reform efforts, she advised Educa- burg. Survivors include his wife, Nancy Truitt, tutorials, including Kasparov’s Gambit (1993), tion for Democracy International, the union’s LAB’81; a daughter; and two sons, including and served as arbiter for major international civic education project for teachers in former Frank L. Smith III, SB’00, AM’03, PhD’09. competitions. He is survived by three sis- Soviet states. She is survived by two sisters. Howard A. Sulkin, MBA’65, PhD’69, of ters, including Wendy J. Schiller, AB’86, and Daniel A. DeVries, MD’62, died June 6 in Pittsburgh, died October 25. He was 77. An Elizabeth Schiller Friedman, AM’93, PhD’00; Grand Rapids, MI. He was 81. A general expert in organization theory and adult edu- two brothers; and his mother. surgeon and a general practitioner, DeVries cation, Sulkin was vice president and found- spent his medical career at Blodgett Hospi- ing dean of DePaul University’s School for 1980s tal in East Grand Rapids, where he retired New Learning before he joined Chicago’s in 2013. His local charitable work included Spertus Institute for Jewish Learning and Alan F. Enzer, EX’85, of Holliston, MA, died many years as board president of Pine Rest Leadership, where he served as president October 21. He was 55. Enzer’s creative writ- Christian Hospital and the Christian Re- from 1984 until 2009. A former chair of Chi- ing earned him the College’s Olga and Paul formed Church in North America ministry cago Sinai Congregation’s board of trustees, Menn Foundation Prize for fiction. A teacher now known as World Renew. He is survived he also served as board chair for the 1993 and devoted father, he pursued a passion for by his wife, Marian; three daughters; one Parliament of the World’s Religions. He is writing music and playing guitar. He is sur- son; a sister; and five grandchildren. survived by his wife, Connie; two sons, Seth vived by his wife, Noranne (Lopes) Enzer, James G. Tulip, PhD’62, of Woodford, Aus- R. Sulkin, LAB’82, and Randall K. Sulkin, AB’90; two sons; a brother; and his father. tralia, died April 5, 2018. He was 84. Tulip LAB’86; and a grandson. was an associate professor of English at Robert “Bob” Basta, AM’66, of Chicago, died 1990s the University of Sydney, where he taught December 19. He was 79. For three decades Elizabethan drama, Australian poetry, and Basta taught philosophy, world literature, Lawrence Sáez, PhD’99, of London, died of American literature until his retirement in art history, and other humanities subjects colon cancer September 11. He was 53. Sáez 1996. Through a series of seminars promot- at City Colleges of Chicago’s Olive-Harvey was professor of the political economy of ing cultural and critical exchange between College, retiring in 1999. An avid artist, he South Asia at the School of Oriental and Af- Australian and American poets, he helped produced a large body of work in oil painting. rican Studies, University of London, where lay the foundation for the University of He is survived by his wife, Cindy Thomsen; a he codirected the Centre on the Politics of Sydney’s US Studies Centre. Chair of the daughter, Kristin Basta, EX’97; a son, Joel Q. Energy Security. He also taught at the Paris school’s board of studies in divinity, he also Basta, AM’08; and two grandchildren. Institute of Political Studies. A comparative led a successful initiative to make religious Mera J. Oxenhorn Flaumenhaft, AB’66, of political economist who studied economic studies a subject at the secondary level in Annapolis, MD, died December 30. She was reform in emerging markets, he wrote Bank- New South Wales. He is survived by his wife, 73. After serving as an assistant professor of ing Reform in India and China (2004) and Peggy Goldsmith; four children; a sister; a English at Anne Arundel Community Col- coedited Coalition Politics and Hindu Na- brother; and five grandchildren. lege, in 1977 Flaumenhaft joined the faculty tionalism (2005). He is survived by a son. Daniel “Dan” N. Hoff an, AB’63, died Octo- of St. John’s College, Annapolis, where she ber 2 in Charlotte, NC. He was 75. With an was among the school’s longest-serving 2000s LLB from Harvard Law School and a PhD in faculty members at the time of her death. political science from MIT, Hoffman taught An expert on Western political philosophy, Patrick Baumann, MBA’01, died of a heart at- in Johnson C. Smith University’s politi- Shakespeare, and biblical literature, she pub- tack October 13 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. cal science department from 1983 until his lished an English translation of Machiavelli’s He was 51. A lawyer from Switzerland with retirement in 2008, specializing in the US Mandragola (1981) and wrote The Civic Spec- a master’s in sports administration, Bau- Constitution, public law, and American pol- tacle: Essays on Drama and Community (1994). mann served as deputy secretary general itics. His scholarly works include Govern- Survivors include her husband, Harvey M. of the International Basketball Federation; mental Secrecy and the Founding Fathers: A Flaumenhaft, AB’60, AM’62, PhD’80; two after earning his MBA, he became the top Study in Constitutional Controls (1981). He is sons; and a brother, Mitchel Oxenhorn, AB’70. administrator of the sport’s world governing survived by his wife, Dorothea, and a sister. Rudolf V. Perina, AB’67, died June 14 in Vi- body, a post he held at his death. An Olym- Robert “Bob” A. Schultz, AB’63, died Novem- enna, VA. He was 73. Born in Nazi-occupied pic Committee member since 2007, he vice ber 14. He was 76. A philosopher who spe- Czechoslovakia, Perina fled the country as chaired the Paris 2024 and the Los Angeles cialized in ethics and technology, Schultz a child after the Soviet takeover and in 1951 2028 Olympics coordination commissions. taught at several universities before work- immigrated to the United States. In 1974, He is survived by his wife, Patricia Sanchez- ing as a data processing manager for nearly while finishing a doctoral thesis on postwar Mollinger, and two children. a decade at the trading company A-Mark Czech dissidents, he entered the US foreign Michael J. Crane, AB’05, of Arlington Precious Metals. He joined Woodbury Uni- service and rose to become a top diplomat Heights, IL, died of pancreatic cancer July 9. versity’s faculty as professor and chair of in affairs of the former Eastern Bloc. During He was 62. Originally a member of the Class computer information systems in 1989 and his three-decade career, he served as head of 1978, Crane later returned to the Univer- director of academic computing in 1990, of the US Embassy in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, sity to complete his bachelor’s in economics. holding these appointments until retiring in facilitating the Dayton Accords; as ambas- He worked nationally as a consultant for 2007. His books include Contemporary Is- sador to Moldova; and as special negotiator small businesses. A devoted member of Psi sues in Ethics and Information Technology for Eurasian conflicts, among many other Upsilon, he served the fraternity as a field (2006). He is survived by two daughters and posts. He is survived by his wife, Ethel; two director. He is survived by his partner, Dick five grandchildren. daughters; and four grandchildren. Freer; two sisters; and a brother.

78 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | SPRING 2019

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Classifieds_Spr 19_v5.indd 79 4/26/19 12:51 PM What surprising job have you had in the past? My last job before I went permanently into newsroom work THE UCHICAGOAN was baking bagels in Rego Park, Queens. It was hard work, which started in the middle of the night with me bringing up 100-pound sacks of flour from the basement to begin that Ray Suarez morning’s dough, and ended with me ringing up purchases before checking out for the day. All these years later, I can AM’93 still bore you with the finer points of what makes a properly baked bagel. Questions for the broadcast journalist, What person, alive or dead, would you want to alumnus, and College parent. write your life story? I would trust James T. Farrell, EX’29, a great son of Chica- go and author of the Studs Lonigan trilogy, to tell the story of my life. He’s really good at illustrating the way people look at each other across boundaries of wealth, social class, and background. The bonus? People would be reading Farrell again!

What UChicago course book left the biggest impression on you? I can only name one? I did a close read of Alexis de Tocque- ville’s Democracy in America in a small class with Ralph Lerner, AB’47, AM’49, PhD’53, that basically used that classic as the only text.

What advice would you give to a new Maroon? That stuff about “Where fun goes to die”? It’s nonsense. Pay no attention to it. Work hard. Have fun. It’s such a tiny interval in your life that you really owe it to yourself—and whoever’s paying for it—to make the most of it. My son Rafael Suarez, AB’13, had a blast, and got a great education too.

What’s your most vivid UChicago memory in two sentences or fewer? When I was working on my master’s project I had a toddler and an infant at home. I would bring my son to Regenstein, pile up his picture books, pull up his chair next to mine in the carrel, and go to work.

TO READ THE FULL Q&A, VISIT MAG.UCHICAGO.EDU/UCHICAGOAN. Illustration by Ricardo Martinez

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