DOCSLIB.ORG

Theory of Fermion Masses, Mixing, Lagrangian Potentials and Weak

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Theory of Fermion Masses, Mixing, Lagrangian Potentials and Weak Theory of Fermion Masses, Mixing, Lagrangian Potentials and Weak Beta Decays, based on Higgs Bosons arising from the Scalar Fields of a Kaluza Klein Theory with Five-Dimensional General Covariance Provided by Dirac’s Quantum Theory of the Electron Jay Yablon To cite this version: Jay Yablon. Theory of Fermion Masses, Mixing, Lagrangian Potentials and Weak Beta Decays, based on Higgs Bosons arising from the Scalar Fields of a Kaluza Klein Theory with Five-Dimensional General Covariance Provided by Dirac’s Quantum Theory of the Electron. 2018. hal-01961238 HAL Id: hal-01961238 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01961238 Preprint submitted on 19 Dec 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Jay R. Yablon, December 19, 2018 Theory of Fermion Masses, Mixing, Lagrangian Potentials and Weak Beta Decays, based on Higgs Bosons arising from the Scalar Fields of a Kaluza Klein Theory with Five-Dimensional General Covariance Provided by Dirac’s Quantum Theory of the Electron Jay R. Yablon Einstein Centre for Local-Realistic Physics 15 Thackley End Oxford OX2 6LB, United Kingdom [email protected] December 19, 2018 Abstract: Why the twelve elementary fermions have the masses they have (and what the neutrino masses actually are) is one of the deepest unsolved mysteries of modern physics. We crack this puzzle using a theory of fermion masses which succeeds in reparameterizing all twelve fermion masses in terms of other known parameters to which their theoretical interconnections have not heretofore been understood. The first step is to “repair” long-recognized perplexities of Kaluza- Klein theory using Dirac’s quantum theory of the electron to enforce general covariance across all five dimensions. One consequence of this is the emergence of a modified Dirac equation for fermions which naturally contains the Kaluza-Klein scalar. After establishing a connection between this Kaluza-Klein scalar and the standard model Higgs scalar, we use the latter to theoretically connect the known masses of all the quarks and charged leptons to the CKM and PMNS mixing angles and matrix components and several other parameters which have not previously been connected to these masses. Then, after using the Newton gravitational constant and the Fermi vacuum to establish a sum of neutrino masses in the exact range expected from experiments, it also becomes possible to predict the rest masses of the three flavors of neutrino. Also predicted are the existence and rest mass of a second leptonic Higgs boson, and tighter values for several other known parameters including the mass of the established Higgs boson. Uncovered as well, is a deep role for the cosmological neutrino background (CvB) and Higgs fields in triggering and facilitating weak interaction beta decay events. Jay R. Yablon, December 19, 2018 Contents Preface, and Guide for Efficient Reading and Study ...................................................................... 1 1. Introduction – The Incompatibility of Kaluza-Klein and Dirac Theories ................................. 6 PART I: THE MARRIAGE BETWEEN FIVE DIMENSIONAL KALUZA-KLEIN THEORY AND DIRAC’S QUANTUM THEORY OF THE ELECTRON ................................................. 10 2. The Kaluza-Klein Tetrad and Dirac Operators in Four Dimensional Spacetime, and the Covariant Fixing of Gauge Fields to the Photon .......................................................................... 10 3. Derivation of the “Dirac-Kaluza-Klein” (DKK) Five-Dimensional Metric Tensor ................ 16 4. Calculation of the Inverse Dirac-Kaluza-Klein Metric Tensor ................................................ 19 5. The Dirac Equation with Five-Dimensional General Covariance ........................................... 25 6. The Dirac-Kaluza-Klein Metric Tensor Determinant and Inverse Determinant ..................... 28 7. The Dirac-Kaluza-Klein Lorentz Force Motion ...................................................................... 30 8. Luminosity and Internal Second-Rank Dirac Symmetry of the Dirac-Kaluza-Klein Scalar ... 40 9. How the Dirac-Kaluza-Klein Metric Tensor Resolves the Challenges faced by Kaluza-Klein Theory without Diminishing the Kaluza “Miracle,” and Grounds the Now-Timelike Fifth Dimension in Manifestly-Observed Physical Reality ................................................................... 46 10. Pathways for Continued Exploration: The Einstein Equation, the “Matter Dimension,” Quantum Field Path Integration, Epistemology of a Second Time Dimension, and All-Interaction Unification .................................................................................................................................... 51 PART II: THE DIRAC-KALUZA-KLEIN SCALAR, THE HIGGS FIELD, AND A THEORY OF FERMION MASSES, MIXING AND WEAK BETA DECAYS WHICH RUBUSTLY FITS THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA ................................................................................................... 59 11. Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking of the Massless Luminous Dirac-Kaluza-Klein Scalar, and Integration to Deduce its Spacetime Behavior .............................................................................. 59 12. The Fifth-Dimensional Component of the Dirac-Kaluza-Klein Energy Momentum Vector 69 13. Connection between the Dirac-Kaluza-Klein Scalar and the Higgs Field, and the Extraction of Energy from the Higgs Field by the Top Quark ....................................................................... 74 PART IIA: QUARKS ................................................................................................................... 81 14. Theory of Fermion Masses and Mixing: Up, Charm and Top Quarks .................................. 81 15. Theory of Fermion Masses and Mixing: Down, Strange and Bottom Quarks ...................... 90 16. Theoretical Relation amongst the Higgs Mass and the Isospin-Up and Isospin-Down Quark vevs; and the Two-Minimum, Two Maximum Lagrangian Potential for Quarks ...................... 101 17. The Role of the Higgs Boson and its Mass in Weak Beta-Decays Between Quarks .......... 117 18. The CKM Quark Mixing Matrix Mass Parameterization, and the Fine-Tuning of Quark Masses, Mixing Angles and CKM Matrix Components ............................................................. 122 PART IIB: LEPTONS ................................................................................................................ 136 Jay R. Yablon, December 19, 2018 19. Theory of Fermion Masses and Mixing: Electron, Mu and Tau Charged Leptons ............. 136 20. Theory of Fermion Masses and Mixing: Prediction of the Neutrino Mass Sum and of the Individual Neutrino Masses ........................................................................................................ 145 21. Prediction of a Second Leptonic Higgs Boson, and its Mass .............................................. 152 22. The Two-Minimum, Two Maximum Lagrangian Potential for Leptons ............................. 155 PART IIC: COMPLETE THEORY OF WEAK BETA DECAY .............................................. 162 23. How Weak Beta Decays are Triggered by Cosmological Neutrinos and Antineutrinos Interacting with Electrons, Neutrons and Protons via the Z Boson-Mediated Weak Neutral Current, with “Chiral Polarization” of Electrons ........................................................................ 162 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 190 References ................................................................................................................................... 191 Jay R. Yablon, December 19, 2018 Preface, and Guide for Efficient Reading and Study Preface This manuscript is two papers in one. One is about Kaluza-Klein Theory. The other is about particles physics and the rest masses and weak beta decays of the elementary fermions. This began as an effort to “repair” five-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory in advance of its 2019 centenary, by using Dirac’s Quantum Theory of the Electron as the basis for requiring Kaluza- Klein theory to be generally-covariant across all five of its dimensions. Unexpectedly, this turned into a theory through which it became possible to explain all twelve of the observed elementary fermion masses in relation to other heretofore independent parameters including the CKM and PMNS mixing angles. Of course, Kaluza-Klein theory started in 1919 as a classical theory to unify Maxwell’s electrodynamics with general relativistic gravitation, before we even had modern gauge theory or Dirac theory or much of modern quantum theory. Because one would not normally expect to be talking about Kaluza-Klein theory and the elementary fermion masses of modern particle physics in the same breath – much less claim that a detailed study of Kaluza-Klein theory can lead to a deep understanding of these fermion masses – it is important to overview the trail that led from one to the other, and why it is that this is all best-presented in one complete
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Symmetry and Gravity
    universe Article Making a Quantum Universe: Symmetry and Gravity Houri Ziaeepour 1,2 1 Institut UTINAM, CNRS UMR 6213, Observatoire de Besançon, Université de Franche Compté, 41 bis ave. de l’Observatoire, BP 1615, 25010 Besançon, France; [email protected] or [email protected] 2 Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking GU5 6NT, UK Received: 05 September 2020; Accepted: 17 October 2020; Published: 23 October 2020 Abstract: So far, none of attempts to quantize gravity has led to a satisfactory model that not only describe gravity in the realm of a quantum world, but also its relation to elementary particles and other fundamental forces. Here, we outline the preliminary results for a model of quantum universe, in which gravity is fundamentally and by construction quantic. The model is based on three well motivated assumptions with compelling observational and theoretical evidence: quantum mechanics is valid at all scales; quantum systems are described by their symmetries; universe has infinite independent degrees of freedom. The last assumption means that the Hilbert space of the Universe has SUpN Ñ 8q – area preserving Diff.pS2q symmetry, which is parameterized by two angular variables. We show that, in the absence of a background spacetime, this Universe is trivial and static. Nonetheless, quantum fluctuations break the symmetry and divide the Universe to subsystems. When a subsystem is singled out as reference—observer—and another as clock, two more continuous parameters arise, which can be interpreted as distance and time. We identify the classical spacetime with parameter space of the Hilbert space of the Universe.
    [Show full text]
  • Kaluza-Klein Gravity, Concentrating on the General Rel- Ativity, Rather Than Particle Physics Side of the Subject
    Kaluza-Klein Gravity J. M. Overduin Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3055, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 3P6 and P. S. Wesson Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1 and Gravity Probe-B, Hansen Physics Laboratories, Stanford University, Stanford, California, U.S.A. 94305 Abstract We review higher-dimensional unified theories from the general relativity, rather than the particle physics side. Three distinct approaches to the subject are identi- fied and contrasted: compactified, projective and noncompactified. We discuss the cosmological and astrophysical implications of extra dimensions, and conclude that none of the three approaches can be ruled out on observational grounds at the present time. arXiv:gr-qc/9805018v1 7 May 1998 Preprint submitted to Elsevier Preprint 3 February 2008 1 Introduction Kaluza’s [1] achievement was to show that five-dimensional general relativity contains both Einstein’s four-dimensional theory of gravity and Maxwell’s the- ory of electromagnetism. He however imposed a somewhat artificial restriction (the cylinder condition) on the coordinates, essentially barring the fifth one a priori from making a direct appearance in the laws of physics. Klein’s [2] con- tribution was to make this restriction less artificial by suggesting a plausible physical basis for it in compactification of the fifth dimension. This idea was enthusiastically received by unified-field theorists, and when the time came to include the strong and weak forces by extending Kaluza’s mechanism to higher dimensions, it was assumed that these too would be compact. This line of thinking has led through eleven-dimensional supergravity theories in the 1980s to the current favorite contenders for a possible “theory of everything,” ten-dimensional superstrings.
    [Show full text]
  • Geometrodynamics of Gauge Fields on the Geometry of Yang-Mills and Gravitational Gauge Theories
    springer.com Physics : Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory Mielke, Eckehard W. Geometrodynamics of Gauge Fields On the Geometry of Yang-Mills and Gravitational Gauge Theories A comprehensive revision of a classic text relating geometic field theory to modern physics Offers an up-to-date overview of geometrodynamics including minimal topological models Contains new chapters on teleparalelism, Chern-Simons-induced topological 3D gravity and supergravity, quantization via topological ghosts, constrained BF model with SL (5, R) gauge group, and chiral and trace anomalies Provides a detailed exposition of frame bundles in gravity Springer This monograph aims to provide a unified, geometrical foundation of gauge theories of 2nd ed. 2017, XVII, 373 p. elementary particle physics. The underlying geometrical structure is unfolded in a coordinate- 2nd 18 illus., 8 illus. in color. free manner via the modern mathematical notions of fibre bundles and exterior forms. Topics edition such as the dynamics of Yang-Mills theories, instanton solutions and topological invariants are included. By transferring these concepts to local space-time symmetries, generalizations of Einstein's theory of gravity arise in a Riemann-Cartan space with curvature and torsion. It Printed book provides the framework in which the (broken) Poincarégauge theory, the Rainich geometrization Hardcover of the Einstein-Maxwell system, and higher-dimensional, non-abelian Kaluza-Klein theories are Printed book developed. Since the discovery of the Higgs boson, concepts of spontaneous symmetry breaking in gravity have come again into focus, and, in this revised edition, these will be Hardcover exposed in geometric terms. Quantizing gravity remains an open issue: formulating it as a de ISBN 978-3-319-29732-3 Sitter type gauge theory in the spirit of Yang-Mills, some new progress in its topological form is £ 109,99 | CHF 141,50 | 119,99 € | presented.
    [Show full text]
  • Phenomenology of Generalized Higgs Boson Scenarios John F
    Phenomenology of Generalized Higgs Boson Scenarios John F. Gunion∗ Department of Physics, University of California, Davis I outline some of the challenging issues that could arise in attempting to fully delineate various possible Higgs sectors, with focus on the minimal supersymmetric model, a general two-Higgs- doublet model, and extensions thereof. In a broad sense the three basic topics of this review will be: (i) extended Standard Model Higgs sectors; (ii) perturbations of ‘Standard’ minimal supersymmetric model (MSSM) Higgs sector phe- nomenology; and (iii) Higgs phenomenology for SUSY models beyond the MSSM. Also interesting are Higgs-like particles and how their phenomenology would differ from or affect that for Higgs bosons. Such particles include: radions; top-condensates; and the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons of technicolor. However, I will not have space to discuss these latter objects. 1. Extended SM Higgs Sectors Even within the SM context, one should consider extended Higgs sector possibilities. • One can add one or more singlet Higgs fields. This leads to no particular theoretical prob- lems (or benefits) but Higgs discovery can be much more challenging. • One can consider more than one Higgs doublet field, the simplest case being the general two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM). A negative point is that, in the general case, the charged Higgs mass-squared is not automatically positive (as required to avoid breaking electro- magnetism). A more complete model context might, however, lead to a 2HDM Higgs sector 2 having mH± > 0 as part of an effective low-energy theory. A positive point is that CP viola- tion can arise in a Higgs sector with more than one doublet and possibly be responsible for all CP-violating phenomena.
    [Show full text]
  • Gravitation Law and Source Model in the Anisotropic Geometrodynamics
    Gravitation law and source model in the anisotropic geometrodynamics Sergey Siparov State University of Civil Aviation, 38 Pilotov str., St-Petersburg, 196210; Research Institute for Hyper Complex Systems in Geometry and Physics, 3 bg 1 Zavodskoy pr., Fryazino, Moscow region, 141190; Russian Federation Abstract. The GRT modification taking into account the dependence of metric on the velocities of the sources is built. It is shown that this dependence follows from the equivalence principle and from the inseparability of the field equations and geodesics equations. As it is known, the latter are the conditions of the field equations solvability, and their form coincides with Newtonian one only in the lowest approximation. The obtained modification provides the explanation for the flat character of the rotation curves of spiral galaxies, for Tully-Fisher law, for some specific features of globular clusters behavior and for the essential excess of the observable gravitational lens effect over the predicted one. Neither dark matter nor arbitrary change of dynamics equations appeared to be needed. Important cosmological consequences are obtained. Keywords: modified theory of gravity, rotation curves, Tully-Fisher law, anisotropic metric PACS: 04.20.Cv, 04.50.Kd, 95.30.Sf, 98.20.Gm, 98.52.Nr, 98.80.Es 1. INTRODUCTION The flat character of the rotation curves (RC) of spiral galaxies is the most pronounced problem of the known GRT problems on the galactic scale. This is a simple, not small and statistically verified effect which doesn’t find explanation not only in the GRT but in Newton gravity as well. It is to the fact that the orbital velocities of stars in the spiral galaxies don’t tend to zero with the distance from the center but approach constant values of the order 105m/s for all galaxies.
    [Show full text]
  • Do Global Virtual Axionic Gravitons Exist?
    NeuroQuantology | March 2014 | Volume 12 | Issue 1 | Page 35-39 35 Glinka LA., Do global virtual axionic gravitons exist? Do Global Virtual Axionic Gravitons Exist? Lukasz Andrzej Glinka ABSTRACT Recently, the author has proposed the global one-dimensionality conjecture which, throughout making use of the method of the primary canonical quantization of General Relativity according to the Dirac-Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian formulation, formally avoids the functional differential nature which is the basic obstacle of quantum geometrodynamics, a model of quantum gravity based on the Wheeler-DeWitt equation and resutling from quantization of the Einstein field equations. The emergent quantum gravity model is straightforwardly integrable in terms of the Riemann-Lebesgue integral, has an unambiguous physical interpretation within quantum theory, and introduces a consistent concept of global graviton. In this article, the axionic nature of the global gravitons, that is the hypothetical particles responsible for gravitation in the global one-dimensional quantum gravity model, is shortly described and, making use of fundamental methods of quantum field theory, the virtual states of such gravitons are generated. Key Words: global one-dimensionality conjecture; quantum gravity; quantum geometrodynamics; graviton; axion DOI Number: 10.14704/nq.2014.12.1.716 NeuroQuantology 2014; 1: 35-39 1. Introduction1 results in replacement of the functional Recently the Wheeler-DeWitt equation was evolution parameter which is the metric of considered in the framework of the global one- space by a variable which is the metric dimensionality conjecture (Glinka, 2012; 2010). determinant. The ramifications of this change Recall that this conjecture formally reduces the are highly non-trivial.
    [Show full text]
  • Graviscalars from Higher-Dimensional Metrics and Curvature-Higgs Mixing
    CERN-TH/2000-051 SNS-PH/2000-03 UCD-2000-7 LBNL-45201 Graviscalars from higher-dimensional metrics and curvature-Higgs mixing Gian F. Giudicea, Riccardo Rattazzib, James D. Wellsc (a)CERN Theory Division, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland (b)INFN and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56100 Pisa, Italy (c)Physics Department, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Abstract We investigate the properties of scalar fields arising from gravity propagating in ex- tra dimensions. In the scenario of large extra dimensions, proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos and Dvali, graviscalar Kaluza-Klein excitations are less important than the spin-2 counterparts in most processes. However, there are important exceptions. The Higgs boson can mix to these particles by coupling to the Ricci scalar. Because of the large number of states involved, this mixing leads, in practice, to a sizeable invisi- ble width for the Higgs. In the Randall-Sundrum scenario, the only graviscalar is the radion. It can be produced copiously at hadron colliders by virtue of its enhanced cou- pling to two gluons through the trace anomaly of QCD. We study both the production and decay of the radion, and compare it to the Standard Model Higgs boson. Further- more, we find that radion detectability depends crucially on the curvature-Higgs boson mixing parameter. hep-ph/0002178 February 2000 Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Graviscalars from large extra dimensions 4 2.1Scalar-curvatureterm............................... 5 2.2Higgs-gravitonmixing:discreteversuscontinuum............... 8 2.3InvisibleHiggswidth............................... 11 2.4DirectgraviscalarproductionatLEP2..................... 14 3 Graviscalars from non-factorizable geometries 16 3.1Radioninteractionswithmatter........................
    [Show full text]
  • Plasma Modes in Surrounding Media of Black Holes and Vacuum Structure - Quantum Processes with Considerations of Spacetime Torque and Coriolis Forces
    COLLECTIVE COHERENT OSCILLATION PLASMA MODES IN SURROUNDING MEDIA OF BLACK HOLES AND VACUUM STRUCTURE - QUANTUM PROCESSES WITH CONSIDERATIONS OF SPACETIME TORQUE AND CORIOLIS FORCES N. Haramein¶ and E.A. Rauscher§ ¶The Resonance Project Foundation, [email protected] §Tecnic Research Laboratory, 3500 S. Tomahawk Rd., Bldg. 188, Apache Junction, AZ 85219 USA Abstract. The main forces driving black holes, neutron stars, pulsars, quasars, and supernovae dynamics have certain commonality to the mechanisms of less tumultuous systems such as galaxies, stellar and planetary dynamics. They involve gravity, electromagnetic, and single and collective particle processes. We examine the collective coherent structures of plasma and their interactions with the vacuum. In this paper we present a balance equation and, in particular, the balance between extremely collapsing gravitational systems and their surrounding energetic plasma media. Of particular interest is the dynamics of the plasma media, the structure of the vacuum, and the coupling of electromagnetic and gravitational forces with the inclusion of torque and Coriolis phenomena as described by the Haramein-Rauscher solution to Einstein’s field equations. The exotic nature of complex black holes involves not only the black hole itself but the surrounding plasma media. The main forces involved are intense gravitational collapsing forces, powerful electromagnetic fields, charge, and spin angular momentum. We find soliton or magneto-acoustic plasma solutions to the relativistic Vlasov equations solved in the vicinity of black hole ergospheres. Collective phonon or plasmon states of plasma fields are given. We utilize the Hamiltonian formalism to describe the collective states of matter and the dynamic processes within plasma allowing us to deduce a possible polarized vacuum structure and a unified physics.
    [Show full text]
  • Vacuum Energy
    Vacuum Energy Mark D. Roberts, 117 Queen’s Road, Wimbledon, London SW19 8NS, Email:[email protected] http://cosmology.mth.uct.ac.za/ roberts ∼ February 1, 2008 Eprint: hep-th/0012062 Comments: A comprehensive review of Vacuum Energy, which is an extended version of a poster presented at L¨uderitz (2000). This is not a review of the cosmolog- ical constant per se, but rather vacuum energy in general, my approach to the cosmological constant is not standard. Lots of very small changes and several additions for the second and third versions: constructive feedback still welcome, but the next version will be sometime in coming due to my sporadiac internet access. First Version 153 pages, 368 references. Second Version 161 pages, 399 references. arXiv:hep-th/0012062v3 22 Jul 2001 Third Version 167 pages, 412 references. The 1999 PACS Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme: http://publish.aps.org/eprint/gateway/pacslist 11.10.+x, 04.62.+v, 98.80.-k, 03.70.+k; The 2000 Mathematical Classification Scheme: http://www.ams.org/msc 81T20, 83E99, 81Q99, 83F05. 3 KEYPHRASES: Vacuum Energy, Inertial Mass, Principle of Equivalence. 1 Abstract There appears to be three, perhaps related, ways of approaching the nature of vacuum energy. The first is to say that it is just the lowest energy state of a given, usually quantum, system. The second is to equate vacuum energy with the Casimir energy. The third is to note that an energy difference from a complete vacuum might have some long range effect, typically this energy difference is interpreted as the cosmological constant.
    [Show full text]
  • Charged and Electromagnetic Fields from Relativistic Quantum Geometry
    Article Charged and Electromagnetic Fields from Relativistic Quantum Geometry Marcos R. A. Arcodía 2 and Mauricio Bellini 1,2,* 1 Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, C.P. 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina 2 Instituto de Investigaciones Físicas de Mar del Plata (IFIMAR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C.P. 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Academic Editors: Lorenzo Iorio and Elias C. Vagenas Received: 3 May 2016; Accepted: 7 June 2016; Published: 21 June 2016 Abstract: In the recently introduced Relativistic Quantum Geometry (RQG) formalism, the possibility was explored that the variation of the tensor metric can be done in a Weylian integrable manifold using a geometric displacement, from a Riemannian to a Weylian integrable manifold, described by the dynamics of an auxiliary geometrical scalar field q, in order that the Einstein tensor (and the Einstein equations) can be represented on a Weyl-like manifold. In this framework we study jointly the dynamics of electromagnetic fields produced by quantum complex vector fields, which describes charges without charges. We demonstrate that complex fields act as a source of tetra-vector fields which describe an extended Maxwell dynamics. Keywords: Relativistic Quantum Geometry; Quantum Complex Fields 1. Introduction The consequences of non-trivial topology for the laws of physics has been a topic of perennial interest for theoretical physicists [1], with applications to non-trivial spatial topologies [2] like Einstein-Rosen bridges, wormholes, non-orientable spacetimes, and quantum-mechanical entanglements.
    [Show full text]
  • The Graviton Shlomo Barak
    The Graviton Shlomo Barak To cite this version: Shlomo Barak. The Graviton. 2017. hal-01524355 HAL Id: hal-01524355 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01524355 Preprint submitted on 18 May 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The Graviton Shlomo Barak Taga Innovations 16 Beit Hillel St. Tel Aviv 670017 Israel Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Gravitational waves have recently been detected. These space waves are predicted by General Relativity. As of today, there is no theoretical proof, or observational evidence, for the existence of quanta of these waves. These quanta are considered by some to be the “force- carrying” mediators between masses - the Gravitons. In this paper we suggest a model of the, as yet hypothetical, Graviton. We also relate to the effort to quantize gravitation, and raise arguments in support of the existence of Gravitons. Key Words: Gravitation, Graviton, Gravitational Wave, General Relativity 1 1 Introduction 1.1 The Graviton The graviton is expected to be a massless spin-2 boson. The nature of the expected graviton is discussed, in a very clear and compact way, in the introduction by Brian Hatfield (Spin of the Graviton and Antigravity) to the book: Feynman Lectures on Gravitation [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Quantum Geometrodynamics: Whence, Whither?
    Gen Relativ Gravit manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Claus Kiefer Quantum Geometrodynamics: whence, whither? Received: date / Accepted: date Abstract Quantum geometrodynamics is canonical quantum gravity with the three-metric as the configuration variable. Its central equation is the Wheeler–DeWitt equation. Here I give an overview of the status of this ap- proach. The issues discussed include the problem of time, the relation to the covariant theory, the semiclassical approximation as well as applications to black holes and cosmology. I conclude that quantum geometrodynamics is still a viable approach and provides insights into both the conceptual and technical aspects of quantum gravity. Keywords Quantum gravity quantum cosmology black holes · · PACS 04.60.-m 04.60.Ds 04.62.+v · · These considerations reveal that the concepts of spacetime and time itself are not primary but secondary ideas in the structure of phys- ical theory. These concepts are valid in the classical approximation. However, they have neither meaning nor application under circum- stances when quantum-geometrodynamical effects become important. There is no spacetime, there is no time, there is no before, there is arXiv:0812.0295v1 [gr-qc] 1 Dec 2008 no after. The question what happens “next” is without meaning. (John A. Wheeler, Battelle Rencontres 1968) Dedicated to the memory of John Archibald Wheeler. Claus Kiefer Institut f¨ur Theoretische Physik, Universit¨at zu K¨oln, Z¨ulpicher Straße 77, 50937 K¨oln, Germany E-mail: [email protected] 2 1 Introduction The quantization of the gravitational field is still among the most important open problems in theoretical physics.
    [Show full text]