• i i • i i i i i i i i i i i 11 r M t^i^Ttoc i i i ii i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i • i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i •
p4 / - N p,6 p8 Hume-Adams initiative: J ^Nationalism on the march: Talking to terrorists: Faltering steps on the roaAio ^,0ne hundred years of the Why did the British agree to the peace in Ireland < ^Pan-Celtic movement 1975 truce with the IRA? v S . • i i i iiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiii iTtIi m iiiiiiiiiiiiIiiIiiiiiiiiiiI I I • iiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i i i • lpish DemocPAU Disappointment over joint declaration
PEACE PROCESS government agrees that Anthony Coughlan "it is for the people of the island of Ireland alone" HE Downing to exercise their right to Street declara- self-determination to tion is another bring about a united painfully slow Ireland if that is their step in the wake wish. Britain says it has Tof the Anglo-Irish Agree- no economic or strategic ment and Sunningdale interest in the Six Coun- before it in the process of ties. It would not - could British disengagement not - say that of Kent or from Ireland. Lancashire. But England's conces- Major and Co refuse to sions have never been commit themselves to enough in Ireland. Al- recognising the value of a ways too little, too late, united Ireland. They they have had to be ex- pretend to be neutral as acted by endless between Irish majority sacrifices - deaths, and minority. They hunger-strikes, countless refuse to join the ranks of years within prison the persuaders. They walls, the extraordinary repeat ad nauseam the character of the world's Unionist veto on any longest urban guerilla final constitutional conflict. change. But the 25-year-long These positions are military campaign of the deeply disappointing to IRA has undoubtedly Irish nationalists. Of Major cannot be pushed Republicans will in the first place. Reynolds, Dick Spring weakened the Union of course, republicans have further at this moment, apreciate that a further That Dublin did not and Co what they are. Britain and the Six Coun- long accepted the prag- he must in due time be reason for its disappoint- seek to put Britain in the A political movement ties. The Union is matic desirability of pushed further. And if ing character is Dublin's dock internationally by republicanism to weakened a little further getting Northern not the Tories, then reluctance to arraign the reflects Dublin's current reconquer Ireland for its by the Downing Street majority consent to Labour. British government anti-nationalism. A people, building on the declaration. As a reunification, believing The Major-Reynolds before international decades-long love affair Hume-Adams initiatia- Unionist spokesperson that this could in fact be statement is good in opinion for continuing to with Europeanism, the tive, could help bring commented perceptive- obtained if the two parts. It is a typical support the Unionist influence on southern about a reversal of all ly: "We are not yet in the governments and politicians' fudge, ena- minority rather than the opinion of historical that. The risen nationalist river, but we have been nationalist opinion set bling the two of them to Nationalist majority revisionism as well as people of the North pushed to the brink." about it together. That is emphasise different ele- within Ireland - that fatal anti-national brain- would thereby be bring- In the Major-Reynolds now all still to work for in ments to their respective policy which caused the washing of all kinds, ing hope to the people of statement, the Tory a political fashion.If domestic audiences. entire partition problem have made Albert the whole country! HEADLINES HISTORY
JANUARY IN BRIEF WORLD COMMENT COMMENT City welcomes peace moves Birth of the modern BY P O L IT I C U S Orchestrating ECONOMICS The Government has long damage to the City of London which hefty premium rate War and body provided a 100% indemnity for The 3% insurance tax will be hikes already imposed have Democrat reporter IRA damage in Ulster. Last imposed from next October on failed to make up. Precedent violence December it announced that it all household insurance and It is still impossible to quan- counts Britain's banks and financial would step in as the reinsurer motor premiums. It will add tify the final cost of the bomb for unity struggle for liberty interests are hoping peace in of last resort for similar about £18 a year or 35p a week as claims are still flowing in. DID you know that there the North comes quickly to damage in Britain itself. to average household in- Several City firms are still is legal precedent in ewer than one million Ulster Unionists prevent further rises in in- surance bills. The levy was prompted by waiting to move back into their British constitutional IN WORLD WAR 1 the British Army courtmartialled must not be allowed to stand permanent- surance premiums As the Member for Mid- roaring "Wilkes and Liberty" growing Treasury fears that it The Government had offices eight months after the law for British accep- and executed thousands of their own soldiers for ly in the way of peace between the 60 The IRA's bombing cam- EDMUND AND dlesex, he should have had all the way. would have to pick up much of hoped that City premiums blast. tance of the principle of "desertion" and supposed dereliction of duty under million inhabitants of these islands. For paign in Britain is to blame for Parliamentary immunity, but Then followed a long cam- the bill for April's IRA bomb paid into the insurance fund The Government share of a united Ireland? It oc- fire. These were men whose nerves snapped in the that is what the Unionists leaders are the £750 million-a-year tax on RUTHFROW his enemies determined to get paign during which Wilkes explosion in Bishopsgate, would cover any claims made the bill is likely to be substan- curred in the hell of bombardment, trench warfare and mustard gas doinFg as they try to sabotage the peace process insurance premiums an- at him by a dirty trick. They was removed from his seat which killed a newspaper as a result of IRA attacks. How- tial. It comes at a time when the which the blimps of the General Staff threw them into and prevent a meaningful agreement between Government of Ireland planted an obscene poem on four times and as many times, nounced in the Budget, in- photographer and caused at ever, the Bishopsgate bomb left Government is struggling to trace the roots of year after year. The military court martials were Prime Minister John Major and Taoiseach Al- Act 1920, Section 2 of him with the connivance of a re-elected. The Government surance sources believe. least £500 million worth of the fund with a huge deficit, reduce the budget deficit. generally a farce. The usual thing was to be shot at bert Reynolds. which provided for the bribed printer. finally placed another can- modern democratic dawn the morning after sentence. Monstrous injus- establishment of a didate in the position thus A fortnight before Christmas 38-year-old Bel- The House of Lords voted tices were done, inconceivable barbarities. Historians Council of Ireland, "with saying not only who should fastman Rory McClay was slaughtered on his rights and the poem an impious and have now uncovered the scandals of World War 1 front- a view to the eventual not be elected, but who must doorstep by a UFF gunman, the only reason obscene publication and the line military "justice". It is no comfort to the men con- establishment of a Par- be elected. being that he was a Catholic. In speech after political parties in House of Commons agreed cerned, but their relatives, sons, daughters and speech Molyneaux, Taylor, Paisley and Robin- liament for the whole of that Number 45 of THE This was recognised by Ireland..." The Council grand-children, have been pressing in recent years for son are doing their damndest to sabotage hopes Irish campaign for Third World NORTH BRITON was a many people as the thin end of Britain posthumous pardons to be granted. that the talks between the heads of the two of Ireland was never set seditious libel. On both counts, the wedge and the reform They have been refused these by the flint-hearted governments might advance the peace process. up, but what is needed Wilkes was to forfeit his im- movement which continued to bring peace in Ireland Tory Government and Army establishment, who are Since the start of 1993, 40 innocent Catholic THIRD WORLD Conference of Major Religious poorest countries on earth, in developing countries. munity and stand trial. rolling until all women finally today is that Britain ad- quite happy to stand over their predecessors' crimes. civilians have been killed by the Loyalist mur- Superiors, Columbans, Fran- pays on average £1 billion a The human consequences S T A Jackson said, "All Meanwhile, he had bought a obtained the right to vote in mits once again the What the World War 1 generals got away with would der-gangs. There is no doubt that these gangs Dublin reporter siscans, Mill Hill Fathers and month to service its debt. Third of Third World debt are devas- beginnings are arbitrary, duel and been wounded. He 1928 can be said to have started desirability of Irish unity not have been tolerated in World War 2. are politically egged on by Paisley's talk about others. World Governments now tating. Every man, woman and more or less. But we shall therefore went to France to in 1769. A COALITION of 52 Irish aid and indicates a willing- A In World War 1 Europe's governing classes looked being prepared to "go to the wall" if Britain It was stated at the launch of spend 50% more each year on child in Africa, Asia and Latin not go far astray if we seek the visit his daughter and was un- agencies, religious orders, en- ness to base its policy on the common soldiers as social scum. The slaughter does anything to appease Dublin. the Coalition in Dublin that servicing their debts than on America now owes Western beginnings of the modern fight able to answer in court. In his vironmental organisations and health and education com- on working to that end. of all those militarily disastrous offensives, the dawn Paisley's lieutenant Peter Robinson con- over the past decade the debt Governments and financial in- for democratic freedom in the absence he was outlawed. Debates solidarity groups is to lobby bined. executions, the inhumanity towards men whose ner- demns the Irish Congress of Trade Unions for or- owed by Third World stitutions £250 a head. years between 1760 and 1800." the Irish Government to cam- ves broke in face of fire, were only possible because ganising peace rallies, while he issues a "final countries amounted to $418 This huge debt burden for- The new Irish coalition One of the heroes of that strug- Wilkes was instrumental in ob- paign for relief of Third World the ruling classes of the day saw the wretched privates warning" to John Major and Co. not to make fur- billion more than the total they ces Third World countries to plans to lobby the World Bank YOUNGER MAYHEW gle in England was a Hangman taining the right to publish Par- debt and to oppose the policies as expendable. World War 1 however had the positive ther concessions to Dublin. The Unionist had received in new loans and reorient their economies away and IMF this year which is the In1959 in a famous gentleman called John Wilkes, liamentary debates. He also of the World Banks and Inter- aid. effect of sensitising whole peoples to war's horrors, so politicians and the Protestant paramilitary assas- from meeting the needs of their fiftieth anniversary of their es- debate at the Oxford a man celebrated at the time for But it was not only Wilkes who supported shorter Parlia- national Monetary Fund . that by 1939 the home population would not have sins and throat-cutters are mirror-images of one As a result poor countries own peoples. It is estimated tablishment. It will link up Union Irish Taoiseach his dissolute lifestyle and for was involved. The citizens of ments. He supported the The newly formed Debt and tolerated a repetition of such callousness by officers. another. make cash transfers to 'First that between 500,000 and with existing European and Sean Lemass proposed his political stand. London were incensed when American colonists and their Development Coalition in- World' banks and institutions 700,000 jobs have been lost in Moreover World War 2, unlike 1914-18, was a UFF killings of Catholics, temporarily World campaigns against the motion "That Ireland The basis of the disagree- the public hangman attempted struggle to separate from clude Trocaire, Concern, amounting $12 billion a Europe because European people's war, a rallying of whole nations against fas- suspended after the Greysteel massacre, are Third World debt, as well as be reunited under a ments which arose was who to burn copies of the paper as English rule. In 1776 he moved Oxfam, Christian Aid, Com- month. Sub-Saharan Africa, goods could not be exported cism. Mass radio and film brought the front-line news aimed at achieving the political end of terroris- campaigns in Third World Republican form of should control Parliament, the ordered by the Court. From a Bill for "a just and equal rep- hlamh, Afri, Greenpeace, the very quickly to the folks back home. Military cock-ups ing the Catholic community. They also have the which contains some of the due to debt induced recession countries like the Philippines. government. then, they took over the issue resentation of the people in King, with Ministers depend- and inhumanities like those of World War 1 could not aim of putting pressure on the IRA to "do some- The principal speaker and began a campaign under Parliament" which was even- ent on him or the people have been hidden in the conditions of three decades thing" to have them stopped. What "doing some- opposing the motion the slogan 'Wilkes And tually passed in 1832. In his through a reformed House of later. Modern communications make it impossible to thing" can lead to was shown by the way the was former Oxford Liberty'. trials, he established the right Commons at Westminster. conceal totally what goes on in the front-line. And elec- Shankill Road bombing almost destroyed the Union president Patrick of a jury in libel cases to inter- Since the English Revolution in In 1768, Wilkes returned torates are ever more sensitive to body-counts. Hume-Adams process at birth. Mayhew, now British which the Divine Right of from exile to stand in the pret the law. The 'Wilkes mob' The Gulf War of 1990 might seem an exception. Sinister forces are behind the Protestant Secretary of State for Kings had. been ended, a cor- General Election. He reckoned, of London artisans can be said Historic protest in Brussels to be the beginning of People sat fascinated before their TV screens while paramilitaries. The UDA, UVF and UFF have Northern Ireland. Mr rupt system had arisen based correctly, the government those "smart-bombs" homed in on their targets. This long connections with the security forces and are Mayhew said, inter alia, on the landed aristocracy. would not attempt to arrest democratic political party or- was war as popular entertainment. The desert terrain deeply infiltrated by British intelligence. When that "those who live him in case a riot ensued. Two ganisation. EUROPEAN UNION gements were organised by the federalism and for the self and a Euro-corps 2 in the Wilkes was one of those of the Middle East was ideal for such high-tech mass- public pressure was on to find the perpetrators within the island of days of rejoicing followed his Wilkes was honoured in his Belgium Party of Labour as determination of nation states Mediterranean. who favoured reform and he slaughter. Tens of thousands of Iraqi soldiers and of the Greysteel massacre, suspects were ar- Ireland are clearly two election and No $% was day. He became an Alderman John Boyd part of a counter summit to and national democracy. Other subjects discussed in- therefore came into conflict civilians died invisibly. Western TV audiences did not rested quick enough. But no arrests happen nations, and have been painted on carriages and door- of the City of London, the coincide with the EU summit. On the military aspects of cluded the abolition of the with the establishment. He see them. American casualties numbered dozens. when the drip-drip-drip of sectarian Loyalist since long before Parti- ways throughout London. Sheriff and Lord Mayor. He THE FIRST demonstration 'Euro-stop' was the apt title EU, total opposition was Third World debt, how to end brought out a paper, THE Contrast Somalia and General Mohammed Aidid. killings serves a useful political or even tion." Spitalfields weavers, 6,000- was returned unopposed for against the European Union of the counter summit which voiced to military integration unemployment and attacks on NORTH BRITON, to advocate Here vivid TV shots of a US solider being dragged diplomatic purpose. Those seeking a strong paraded the streets. Middlesex in Parliament. Al- (EU) took place in Brussels on included an international con- and the merger between the social welfare, and opposition the cause. Number 45 of the through the streets, following the deaths of 20 others, change in British policy though what he wanted was Elements in the British Six County security Saturday 11 December last. ference and rally. Delegates EU and Western European to racism and fascism. Plans paper was deemed by the When' Wilkes decided to had a traumatic effect on US public opinion. The back on Ireland will doubtless not exactly what was later apparatus who are opposed to a new Anglo-Irish This was one of several events from 35 organisations and Union. It was agreed to call for have been made for a further authorities to be libellous and test the question of his out- streets of Mogadishu, unlike the sand dunes of hope the Secretary of in April 1763, forty eight per- achieved, he was well ahead of deal are quite capable of encouraging Loyalist sponsored by an international political parties from 20 the dissolution of the Euro- event in May this year to which lawry, he was committed to Southern Iraq, do not allow mass killing from a dis- State's knowledge of sons connected with the publi- his time and in the circumstan- violence for political ends. Some Unionists are committee of more than twen- countries inside and outside corps 1 consisting of 40,000 delegates from Third World King's Bench Prison and was tance. So the US decided to pull out quickly from Ireland has advanced cation and Wilkes himself ces of his day, he must be con- now saying that this is the time to plant bombs ty organisations and political the EU attended. The platform troops from Germany, France countries will be able to meet taken there in triumph accom- Somalia. in the South, like the bombs that killed 30 parties of the left opposed to since 1959! were arrested. panied by the London artisans sidered a pioneer democrat. of this counter summit in- and Belgium and to oppose the with delegates from across In Haiti similar considerations prevent the US from southerners in the 1970s. That will teach European Union. Local arran- cluded opposition to Euro- formation of a European Army Europe. pouring troops into Port au Prince in order to restore southerners a lesson, they hope, for supporting "democracy" there by bringing back the exiled Presi- the Hume-Adams process. Combined with some dent Aristide. Unfortunately the army general running provoked IRA incident, this could turn on the FROM OUR FILES Haiti happens to be a former CIA star-pupil who likes focus on the paramilitaries again and lift the to rouse the patriotic feeling of the locals. He has political pressure the Governments are under to Join the Connolly Association! made it clear that any US troops wading ashore from deliver peace. Who is to blame gunboats will be given a hot welcome on the beaches. Ulster Unionism in 1912 introduced the gun Family changes afoot in Ireland The Connolly Association is the premier Irish Similarly in Bosnia. For a while some lunatic into Irish politics. Intimidation has been their organisation in Britain campaigning for civil liberties diplomats talked of despatching 30,000 US troops to JUST AS the last general elec- That means he does not stock-in-trade ever since. The British Govern- and fair employment in the Six Counties and for a repeal Bosnia as part of the United Nations divide-and-reset- mothers who could take paid work out- mean that as the percentage of young tion in the 26 counties showed want a united Ireland. ment must face down Loyalist violence and SOCIAL AFFAIRS of the British claim to sovereignty over Northern tle effort in that tragic province. But again thought of side the home. people declines the proportion of older that the people are sounder If that is the case what hope threats of further violence from Molyneaux, Ireland. Membership costs a mere £10 a year (£12 for the body-count inhibited the Americans. US troops Dublin reporter For a population to be stable the people rises. That is why the rich than the politicians on the issue has anybody of bringing about Taylor, and Paisley and Co. This time the couples, £6 unwaged couples and £5 for individual would not be long in those Balkan mountains before woman needs to have two children on countries are all ageing societies. Grey of national sovereignty and a change of heart among the Orange card must not be the ace of trumps. students, unemployed and pensioners) and includes a coming into conflict with all sides - in terrain wholly THE NUMBER of children in a typical average during child-bearing years, so power comes into its own and govern- unity, so the discussions be- Unionist-minded part of the free subscription to the Irish Democrat. different to "Operation Desert Storm". Clinton's ad- Irish family is just over two. And, it is that there are the same number of boys ments start worrying about the cost of tween Mr Lynch and Mr Cal- six-county population? They visers quailed at the thought of having to explain to falling fast as Irish fertility and birth and girls. In most West European old age pensions rather than the cost of laghan have shown on which have been told that the leader NAME the public why their sons should be killed in that rates fall. countries today average size is sig- schools and making jobs for young side lies the blame for the ap- of Britain's Labour Party, not backend of Europe, when the Germans - who were Women who got married twenty nificantly less than replacement. It people. palling situation in the six the Tory Party, wants their ADDRESS primarily responsible for precipitating the Yugoslav years ago and whose families are now averages 1.6 in France, 1.7 in Germany. In One in ten Irish people is now over 65 counties. hearts to remain as they are. toish OeraocM civil war in the first place - and their British and MONTHLY NEWSPAPER OF THE completed had on average three children Italy it is lowest of all at 1.3. - a long way from the one in five This was no gunman It is to refuse an essential French sidekicks, were unwilling to send in any of CONNOLLY ASSOCIATION or more. Those marrying today may have If this trend continues each genera- Japanese, but we are heading in the same threatening the Prime Minister contribution to reaching a final their nationals to be killed. Founded 1939 Vol 49, no 1 fewer than two children on average, tion will be smaller than the one before direction. with'or else". It was a request agreement, and makes work- So the advent of TV and modem communications EDITOR: Martin Moriarty which means there will be more one and in a century there will be no French, Another recent change in Ireland is from a moderate statesment ing for it much harder. have helped put a welcome restraint on the interna- PRODUCTION: John Boyd, Jonathan Haidy child families about. Italians or Germans. the rise in the number of children born for the smallest thing that Somebody will have to Postcode tional thugishness of Big States. Mass slaughter can EDITORIAL BOARD: Gerard Curran, Conor Foley, As living standards rise and the Will the Irish family also go below to women who are not married. In the could be asked for, an expres- change Labour policy if there is Martin Moriarty, Peter Mulligan nowadays take place only if it is invisible to domestic educational level of women, family size two? It is very likely. Of course trends 1950's only 2 per cent of children were sion of goodwill. Mr Lynch to be any way forward from TYPESET AND DESIGNED: Connolly Publications populations. For if national audiences see it, it tends to fall. Rearing a child to maturity may change and it may become illegitimate, or as the jargon now calls it asked Mr Callaghan to say that this position. And who can do PUBLISHED BY: Connolly Publications Ltd, 244-246 I enclose a donation of £ towards the campaign generates howls of criticism. This sets a positive limit gets more expensive in rich societies. It fashionable to have more children once "non marital". Today nearly one in five in principle he favoured a it? Will it be the 'left' within the Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8JR. Tel: 071-833 3022 to the power of armies and the impressiveness of is not only the direct cost of maintaining again. In rich Sweden the average num- births are non-marital. The social stigma united Ireland achieved by Labour movement? We very PRINTED BY: Ripley Printers
IRISH DEMOCRAT January 1994 page 2 IRISH DEMOCRAT January 1 9 9 4 page 3 BEHIND THE HEADLINES BEHIND THE HEADLINES
JOHN MURPHY'S
pressures of the Shankill this leak is generally thought to KEYWORDS bomb He met Gerry Adams to have come from the pro- discuss events. Hume-Adams Unionists in senior Labour Democratic was still in business. "John party circles who are hostile to Major has the key to peace in "green nationalist " elements in his hands" said Hume, "He the Department of Foreign Af- controls on capital only needs to turn it in the fairs and are jealous of John lock." Hume. Its effects has been to Then it turned out that the make Molineaux and Co. more IG CAPITAL today is more transnational British, who would not touch distrustful, not less, of Tanaiste than national. Of course the Transnational Hume-Adams because Adams Dick Spring, whom they began Corporations (TNC's) still look to the was involved, had been for by thinking a good boy but governments of the big capitalist powers years negotiating behind the now see as just another con- to advance their interests. Most TNC'c scenes with the IRA. fused southern politician in- havBe their business headquarters in the US, Japan "It would turn my stomach capable of enunciating a clear or one or other Member State of the EEC. In times to talk to them", Major has nationalist message which of difficulty they rely on their headquarters State to said. Now it is learned that he they at least would know was champion them, not least vis-a-vis one another. At had authorised just that. He honest. the same time the Transnationals have branch had not told the Irish Govern- Kevin McNamara followed firms all over the world and plan their operations ment, so Reynolds has been up the leaked.Foreign Affairs globally rather than nationally. codded by agreeing to cover document. In the house of Today some 300 giant Transnationals control for Major in the Brussels state- Commons, he asked Mayhew, half the manufacturing output of the entire world - ment. "whether he values the goal of the other half being produced by millions of It was also obvious the a united Ireland". The smaller firms. These transnational monopolies or British were trying to take ad- Secretary of State replied, "It is semi-monopolies do not want national states to im- vantage of the IRA-British in- a rather naively loaded ques- pose curbs or controls on them that might curtail terchange to split the IRA by tion that Mr McNamara asked their profits. They want to be able to mov • their in- discrediting its leadership. The me, whether we will sign up to vestments and products wherever they w il get detailed correspondence be- the value of a united Ireland. I most return, and move freely from country to tween the two sides included think that one needs to be care- country to seek cheap labour to exploit -labour that doctored letters. ful when using language to at- is protected by the minimum state controls. Dick Grogan in the Irish tribute value to a particular In the early days of the Industrial Revolution Times and David McKittrick in notion. What the British capitalist entrepreneurs played a big role in estab- the London Independent Government cannot do is to lishing national markets, breaking down feudal showed that the Republican join the ranks of the per- barriers and creating uniform conditions for busi- version was more plausible suaders, unlike the Labour ness throughout each state. National capitalist clas- than the British one. No one Party who wish to persuade ses sought to establish Nation States to advance the believed the British allegation the people of Northern Ireland • MAJOR: key to peace in his hands • REYNOLDS: must not look for less interests of business at home and abroad. But then that the IRA had approached to leave the United Kingdom national Labour movements and electorates which them seeking advice on how to and join a United Ireland." capitalism brought into being simultaneously with surrender. That this was a Dublin backed Irish- its own growth, succeeded over time in using the British concoction is shown by American opinion in getting levers of State power to strengthen citizen's rights, the fact that if the British President Clinton to tell Major build up the Welfare State and enforce at times a wanted to draw the IRA into a he supported the search for a national full employment policy. political process, they would breakthrough. Reynolds said How partition could Today capitalism itself, or at least Transnational have invented a much less he would not be party to a Capital, has become the main enemy of national damaging reason than that for fudge,though nationalists democracy. The Nation State is the principal agen- opening correspondence. cy evolved by humanity for imposing social con- ~l Major has played the Orange card began to worry that talk about Major and Mayhew were more referenda on both sides of the trols on capital, society's economic surplus that is interested in defending their border would be a pretence for be ended available for investment. The Transnational firms lies in the House of Commons self-determination for Ireland now seek to destroy the ability of Nation States, than in forwarding peace in as a whole. That indeed would whether individually or in ^aei»tion> to4i.Tpi&lF~ Ireland. Ian Paisley was be a pointless exercise. those controls. Treaties and institutions like the should begin to work towards the effect of inhibiting the And that is exactly how thrown out of the House for The British Government is EEC, GATT and NAFTA are international charters Hume-Adams initiative: saying what every one knew, a real settlement. Such a settle- dialogue necessary for political unionism has behaved. No for the rule of TNC's enforcing "free movement" of again back at 1912. HE KEY TO PEACE is in ment would not impose unity progress. It has had the addi- other people in the same cir- that Major and Mayhew were Will Major try to play the T capital, the effective destruction of national Wel- John Major's hand", says by force. But where the earlier tional effect of removing the cumstances would behave dif- lying through their teeth. Orange card for the sake of fare States and the dismantling of democratic con- SDLP leader John Hume. settlement tended to en- incentive which would other- ferently. If one is to break Unionist politicians threaten- trols over capital. Others too have pointed to the courage continuing division, wise exist on all sides to seek a down sectarianism, one has to ing "domesday" and a "blood- This development is a profound challenge to simple vital step the British this new settlement should political solution...Before there remove that guarantee. Faltering steps along the Dublin Leak bath"? Or will Dublin and the socialists and the Labour movement. As big Capital Government must make to offer positive and direct en- can be fundamental; progress British policy should be: international community in- nowadays is so subversive of democracy, it follows open the way to real peace in couragement to unity, accept- Britain must reassess its posi- 'There are no guarantees for The Irish Press leaked an Irish sist that they have had enough that the struggle to establish or defend national Ireland. It means abandoning ing that the fears of a tion and responsibility." (1984) any section of the community Foreign Affairs document ur- of British connivance with democracy becomes integral to the struggle for the pretence that the unionists community of less than one any more. Our policy, the ging Britain to recognise "the Unionist bullying and that this socialism. As Ireland's James Connolly recognised have a veto on British moves to million should not stand per- British Labour Party Policy: reasons we are here, is to value and legitimacy" of the time British policy must in his day, socialists and the Labour movement rocky road to peace end Partition, while recognis- manently in the way of a recon- promote the coming together "While consent must, by should be the foremost champions of democracy, goal of Irish unity. In Dublin change? ing that the consent of a north- ciliation between all the definition, be freely given, no of the people of this island in a the best and most consistent opponents of im- ern majority is desirable and peoples ofboth islands." (1972) group or party will be allowed manner and form they can perialism and racism, for the defence of the Nation can be won to a financial con- Dublin must abide by. leaders had to move politically their allies were delighted. In to exercise a veto on policies agree to.' The British should State and a democratic Republic as the key stitutional and legislative Cautious, conservative but to achieve that. Hume is fed up Brussels John Major pressed The London Borough of Irish Taoiseach Charles designed to win consent for join the ranks of the per- mechanism for establishing democracy. Our Dublin details of eventual reunifica- endlessly persevering, John with Unionists always saying Taoiseach Reynolds into semi- Haughey: "Ideally, we would unification. We do not believe suaders." (1983) Hammersmith and Fulham tion. This expresses the insight of classical socialist Hume has been the principal No. He wants the Irish ques- disowning Hume-Adams. like to see the British Govern- that it is responsible or ade- Correspondent This is especially relevant thought that national independence and socialism leader of Northern nationalism tion solved before he retires After all, the morally elevated presents ment express an interest in the quate to await passively the The late Cardinal Tomas O now when 80% of the British are not opposites, but complementary. They are in for a quarter of a century. In from politics. He accepts that British Government could not ultimate achievement of Irish dawning of consent. The Fiaich: "The present policy of examines the people say they want to end reality two stages of one democratic transformation that time he has led his people for that to happen Britain must touch anything with Gerry unity. If that interest were Labour Party is committed to the British Government - that the Union. Can Taoiseach Al- of society, each of which entails economic change to new heights of confidence shift its policy from upholding Adam's fingers on it! declared we could then start to working actively to build that there will be no change to the developments that bert Reynolds look for some- that it is the function of political change to bring and self-reliance in face of the union, and instead "join work together, the Govern- o isent." (1988) status of Northern Ireland thing less than his about. Likewise internationalism and progressive Unionist reaction and British the ranks of the persuaders" of ment here and Irishmen of while the majority want British led up to the predecessors and the others nationalism are also complementary. Inter- connivance with it. Hume's the Unionists. Identity Crisis ArdFheis every tradition in the North John Hume M.P.: "The whole rule to remain - is no policy at nationalism is to champion peoples' struggle for in- quoted below? agreement on basic principles Irish Community Consultative Conference towards a solution that will thrust of the guarantee is that it all. It means you do nothing Downing Street Adams shifted too. It is only Irish Taoiseach Sean Lemass: dependence. Socialist internationalism is to with Adams meant the guarantee permanent peace is a sectarian guarantee, a and it means that the Loyalists a short time ago that People saw Reynold's dancing "We would regard it as a very champion national independence as a democratic Government in Dublin had to and security... unilateral guarantee and an in the North are given the en- declaration Republicans were saying to Major's tune, with Tanaiste useful contribution to the solu- value in itself, as well as being an essential prereq- go along. It divided "Dublin 4", As regards the veto - the unconditional guarantee. It is a couragement to make no move Britain must commit themsel- Dick Spring playing a Unionist DATE TO BE CONFIRMED tion of the practical problem of uisite for socialism. code for the anti-national constitutional guarantee - we guarantee of perpetual sec- of any kind. It is an encourage- ves to leaving Ireland "within duet with Major. This caused a ending Partition if the British Imposing democratic and social controls on mindset of southern opinion- should make a clear distinction tarianism. ment to sit tight. the lifetime of one Parliament." real crisis in Irish nationalism. 10.00am-5.00pm Government would say. 'We Transnational capital requires the cooperation of in- formers. The media responded on consent. Consent is only ap- When the State came into I would like to see that UME-ADAMS put the Now Republicans accept that The refusal simply to adopt the Hammersmith Town Hall would like to see it ended by dependent Nation States ruled by political interests cat among the pigeons. It favourably, apart from anti- the timing and circumstances Hume-Adams plan - in the plicable to arrangements for a being it was set up on the basis British policy changed into a King Street, Hammersmith, agreement among the Irish. which see the necessity of such controls. As the big found Dublin bereft of national diehards like Connor of british withdrawal must be belief that anything involving new Ireland. But consent by of a sectarian headcount. That positive form. I would like TNC's are now global in operation, this calls for H London W6 There is no British interest in Cruise O'Brien and Eamon the Unionists to British action having been done, the British them to say, 'Just as we policy. Foe years Dublin has agreed by the Irish side to Gerry Adams would be auto- preventing, or desiring to dis- new forms of international cooperation transcend- failed to give a lead to Irish Dunphy who continued to whom sovereignty is eventual- matically rejected by Unionists to find a solution is not re- Government then said, 'We brought British colonialism to The aim of the day is to discuss a range of issues of interest courage, you from seeking ing regional groupings like the EEC. In coming constitutional nationalism froth in fury in the Sunday In- ly handed over. It is desirable - created a national backlash quired." (1986) guarantee that you can stay an end in other parts of the to the local Irish Community and organisations working in agreement.' This has not been decades international bodies like the UN or a which would show the Irish dependent. Ordinary people that Northern majority consent against the Dublin Govern- with us as long as the majority world, we are not going to be the Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. Topics will said since 1921." (1959) reformed GATT may advocate measures to impose people and Ireland's friends felt instinctively that Hume- be won to that process and ment. Forum Report of all the Irish want to'. By doing that they in Northern Ireland ad in- include: Housing, social services, education and leisure. controls on the TNC's as realistic international abroad what they can do to Adams meant not just peace, they are confident that can be Reynolds got the message Irish Taoiseach Jack Lynch: Dail Parties: "The present for- trapped the unionist popula- finitum...Ultimately we would strategies. One idea currently being advocated is help end Partition. The result but an opening of the way to a won if both Governments have at the Fianna Fail Ard Fheis. "Britain should recognise that mal position of the British tion into perpetual sec- like to see all Ireland ruled by that an international tax should be imposed by was that the IRA, not the Irish final solution of the Partition that as their policy end. The delegates and members For further information contact the Equalities the more intransigent among government, namely the tarianism, because in effect the Irish. While we are waiting agreement between Governments on the turnover Government, seemed to be problem. For a time the Shankill made clear to him that Irish Unit, Hammersmith Town Hall. Tel: 081 748 3020 the Unionist minority are not guarantee, contained in Sec- what they were saying is, 'In to move out we would like to of TNC's. This could provide resources Nation order to maintain your power use our good offices to try and upholding the national cause. Hume-Adams meant bomb seemed set to destroy nationalism was having no Free admission entitled to a permanent veto on tion 1 of the Northern Ireland states could collect and transmit to an international bring Catholics and Protes- The political reality is that Northern nationalism now hopes people had of Hume- betrayal of John Hume. Hume harmony in Anglo-Irish rela- Constitution Act 1973, has in and your privilege, you must fund for use for global social purposes. tants together.' " (1985) what John Hume wants, spoke with one voice. Both Adams. The Unionists and stood firm in the face of the tions, and recognising this, its practical application had behave as a sectarian bloc.'
IRISH DEMOCRAT September 1994 page 4 IRISH DEMOCRAT September 1994 page 5 IRISH BOOKS IRISH SONGS IN BRIEF PETER MULLIGAN'S such as Pan-Arabism, Pan- the other Celtic lands. These PEEPSHOW Slavism, Pan-Germanism and tend to be far more interested Pan-Americanism. in and knowledgeable about Tone's Grave Charles de Gaulle (1837- Irish affairs than the Irish ap- 1880), uncle of the famous pear interested in them. In Bodenstown churchyard there is a green grave, I met Katy Caffey and her neat baby And wildly around it the winter winds rave; Behind on her strapped on, WHO WANTS general and French President, Ireland's intellectual and was the first person to commit social science elites are now Smaller shelter I ween are the ruined walls there She had an oul ash plant in her hand to writing a number of the aims fixated on Brussels, following When the Strom sweeps down on the plains of Kildare To drive the oul donkey along. of Pan-Celticism. He cham- decades-long fixation on Lon- Once I lay on that sod - it lies over Wolfe Tone - Enquiring in every farmhouse, Language pioned self-government for don. They are mentally neo- PEACE? And thought how he perished in prison alone, As along the road she passed, the Celtic countries and advo- colonized through and His friends unavenged and his country unfreed - Oh where would she get an old pot to mend, Guide cated political autonomy for through. The other Celtic "Oh bitter", I said, "is the patriot's meed." And where would she get an ass. MAJOR "In separate meetings with leaders of the Brittany. countries might as well not Ulster Unionists and Democratic Unionist Party, Mr Teach Yourself Irish His maternal grandmother exist for all the coverage they "For in him the heart of a woman combined There's a hairy ass fair in the County Clare, Major said he was seeking a way for the Dublin Audio Tape. was a McCartan from C. get on Irish TV or in the press. government to abandon Articles 2 and 3 of its By Diarmuid O Se and Down. Although a At popular level in Ireland With heroic spirit and a governing mind - In the place they call Spancel Hill, constitution, but promised both political parties that Joseph Sheils.Hodder Frenchman, Charles de Gaulle there is some awareness of the A martyr for Ireland, his grave has no stone - Where my brother James got a rap of a hames, the union remained safe with him." The Guardian and Stoughton £16.99 wrote poetry in breton and ad- musical riches of the other Cel- His name seldom mentioned, and his virtues unknown." And poor Paddy they tried to kill. REYNOLDS - "If they can do it there [the Isreal-PLO vocated a Celtic Union. He tic countries. Cam, the journal I was woke from my dream by the voices and tread [his is an excellent They loaded him up in an oul ass and cart, agreement], surely it is not impossible for the British wrote a book on the Celts and of the Celtic League, is current- present for a friend or rela- Of a band who came into the house of the dead; As along the road to go, and Irish governments and the political parties in the urged the establishment of a ly edited from an address in tive who wants to learn • m. a taa •<•« w*. They carried no cross, and they carried no stone, Oh bad luck to the day that he roved away North to put the past behind us and to look to the Pan-Celtic journal. This was Tallagh and does an invaluable Irish or merely wants to And they stopped when they came to the grave of For to join with the tinker band. future." An Taniseach, Albert Reynolds. founded as the Revue Catholi- job in keeping activists in the find out something about „ i & i & Wolfe Tone. HUME - "While Rabin and Arafat were talking the 11 4 4 i i i que, edited by a friend of his. sic Celtic countries aware of the language. It is a atrocities continued, but they came to an agreement fUS The Celtic Congress, estab- one another's activities. Chorus reasonable price for an at- m m m & is mm M in the end. While De Klerk and Mandela were talking Ik a .-<•, lished in 1900 has become the There were students and peasants, the wise and the tractively illustrated book, When one of the Celtic the atrocities continued, but at the end of the day the longest surviving Pan Celtic brave, n Traditional tape and stong container. countries like Scotland gets its dialogue produced results. I believe I have a duty to organisation. It initially at- Comparing it with the independence there should be And an old man who knew him from gradle to grave, try that process. Time will tell whether I am tracted with a political com- old Teach Yourself Irish, a more vigorous interaction. And children who thought me hard-hearted for they successful." The Times mitment to Celtic indepen- Perhaps history will yet published about 1958, the On that sanctified sod were forbidden to play. ADAMS - "I don't think that what happened, no matter dence. Then during World produce a Celtic Union be- stress here is on making a But the old man, who saw I was mourning there, said: about the intentions, can be excused. Those who are War 1, in the wake of the 1916 tween sovereign independent start with everyday practi- • Celtic Congress, 1932, Truro "We come sir, to weep where young Wolfe Tone is laid, Johnny Jump Up in positions of leadership in the IRA, no matter about Rising in which many pan Celtic countries, like the Nor- cal conversation, rather And we're going to raise him a monument, too - the pressures which may be one them from the loyalist Celts took part, the Congress dic Union among the Scan- than the student having killing campaigns, have to be aware that how they became purely cultural in out- dinavians. Before then though A plain one, yet fit for the loyal and true." first to grasp all the com- I'll tell you a story that happened to me, respond to those pressures could end up as it did look and the political Pan Celts one can confidently expect a plexities of grammar One day as I went to Yougall by the sea yesterday." The loyalist paramilitary leader know as looked to other organisations revival of interest in Celtica of My heart overflowed, and I clasped his old hand, before making any com- The sun it was bright and the day it was warm, 'Mad Dog' who is blamed for the killing of 12 Catholics, to fulfil their needs. which this book is the latest And I blessed him, and blessed every one of his band: munication. was reported by The Times to have escaped with sign. So says I, a quiet pint wouldn't do me no harm. It is immediately ap- Pan-Celtic modernity Since then Pan Celticism, "Sweet, sweet 'tis to find that such faith can remain minor injuries. whether political or cultural, Nationalism is on the parent from the current In the cause and the man so long vanquished and slain." THE BRITS - The Guardian ICM poll showed only 18 has been a consistent theme in march in Europe as a I went in and called for a bottle of stout: book that we are living in a In Bodenstown churchyard there is a green grave, per cent of British voters now believe Northern Ireland the intellectual life of the Celtic democratic response to the as- Says the barman/I'm sorry, all the beer is sold out, world of telephones, com- And freely around it let winter winds rave - should remain part of the UK with 56 per cent his debt. The level of output rior Romans regarded them. countries. Both De Valera and saults of transnational capital Try whiskey or Paddy, ten year's in the wood'. puters, foreign travel and Anthony Coughlan, Far better they suit him - the rain and gloom supporting other solutions.The poll also reveals that and scholarship of this Berresford Ellis's oeuvre Sean MacBride saw the impor- and the Brussels bureaucracy. social life in bars and Says I, 'I'll try cider, I heard it was good'. 59 percent believe that Sein Fein should be invited to Celtic Dawn, a History of freelance writer truly has gone a long way to tackling tance of encouraging links be- Euro-federalist fantasy and 'Till Ireland, a nation, can build him a tomb. dance halls. Try saying talks to resolve the Irish question. The Guardian Pan- Celticism, astonishes. the task of doing justice to the your phone number in tween these countries. Pan fanaticism are giving way 0 never, O never, O never again, The late Desmond Greaves, Celts. His latest book is a study Celticism has played an impor- before the reality of De • Thomas Davis Irish."Naid" is the word for Peter Berresford Ellis, If I live to a hundred or a hundred and ten, [Hjljj^jjjjjjjl "The Government has former Irish Democrat editor, of the Celtic revival movement tant role in the genesis of the zero. It does not appear in Constable, £14.95 hbk Gaulle's Europe des Nations. admitte^n^racln^roblems with Pool Re, the in- once remarked that one of the of the past hundred years, For I fell to the ground and I couldn't get up the vocabulary of the older modern Scottish, Welsh and In Ireland too there are surance scheme set up last year to pay the cost of things most needed today was which saw the growth of a con- After drinking a quart of Johnny Jump Up. book. Breton national independence signs of national revival today, damage from terrorist bombs in London." The 180 in- a history of Europe from the sciousness of common origins movements. It is also impor- as anti-national historical The Month of January —fcW^d on .the Co u nalof HE indefatigable Peter surance company members state that claims are»aew standpoint of the Celtic and shared culture among the tant for stimulating interest in revisionism goes into retreat After lowering the third I made straight for the yard. Kurope's Threshold Berresford Ellis has done in excess of income premiums and many of them have peoples. Such a history would intellectual elites of all the Cel- their national roots among the and the Nationalism people of It was in the month of January, the fields were dad in snow Where I bumped into Brophy, the big Civic Guard. guidelines on language it again. To judge by the withdrawn. A spokesman for Swiss Re one of the T Rome and the Romans, the ar- tic countries. It is a major con- people of Cornwall and Mann. the North of Ireland become 'Come here to me boy, don't you know I'm the law?' learning, the course con- As over hills and valleys my true love he did go largest international re-insurers said the company list of previous titles inside the chetype of all subsequent tribution to the history of Berresford Ellis gives the tains: a range of graded more assertive of their rights. It was there he spied a pretty fair maid with a salt tear Well up with me fist and I shattered his jaw. would come back to this business only after "an out- cover of this handsome European-based imperialism, European ideas. units ot dialogues, culture detailed story and assesses the Berresford Ellis is a prophet of break of peace with the IRA". Munich Re also said it volume, this is his 21st book on for the swaggering thugs they in her eye notes, grammar and exer- Pan-Celticism had its roots prospects of Pan Celticism the Celtic revival. His latest would not return. NB over £800m was been paid out by historical and cultural topics, were. The Roman victors She had a babe in her arms and bitter she did cry. He fell to the ground with his knees doubled up cises, a step-bv-step guide in the 18th and 19th century today. book prepares the way for a Poole Re after the Baltic Exchange explosion. The Nat- mostly dealing with Celtic dominated Western classical But it wasn't I hit him it was Johnny Jump Up. to pronounciation, an ex- antiquarian scholarship, It is an index of the poverty brighter future as well as docu- West Tower explosion added £1 billion. Daily Telegraph matters. The people of the Cel- education for nigh on 2000 The next thing I met down in Yougall by the sea tensive summary of gram- which was significantly stimu- of official political and intellec- ments the past. His name will Oh cruel was my father who barred the door on me tic countries, as well as the years. The Celts were the un- mar and an Irish-Hnglish lated by the romantic revival tual life in the only Celtic certainly be honoured for cen- And cruel was my mother, this dreadful crime to see Was a cripple on crutches and says he to me: many beyond 'hem interested derdogs, written out of history IjJIHIjQils&USU^jliS "Many people killed by vocabulary list. movement. It has analogies country which has its own State turies to come in all the Celtic Cruel was my own true love, who gave me up for gold in Celtica, are profoundly in and represented as the supe- loyalis^roupsnaveDeen named to them by security with other "Pan" movements that there is not more interest in countries. And cruel was the winter's night, that pierced my 'I,m afraid of me life I'll be hit by a car G.C forces contacts who in many instances have supplied Won't you help me across to the Railwayman's Bar?' heart and soul. the names, addresses, photographs and car numbers After drinking a quart of the cider so sweet of suspected activists." David McKittrick, Ireland The taller that the palm tree grows the sweeter is the bark He threw down his crutches and danced on his feet. Correspondent for The Independent. Record of Missing the Irish dimension to Churchill's War years And the fairer that a young man speaks, oh the falser One person is convicted every day is his heart 1 went up to the Lee Road, a friend for to see, Abuse in the non jury 73 Diplock Courts. The average time For he'll kiss you and embrace you till he thinks he They call it the madhouse in Crok by the Lee. on remand is 60 weeks. Ten houses are searched ment did not want to support Boats off the west coast of of Britain must have been of British offer as "a renegotia- has you won, But when I got up there the truth I do tell Gerald Curran every day. 76 million was paid out for commercial Northern Ireland and Britain in the War because the Ireland. Perhaps pressure was some interest to the writer. The tion by proxy of the old 1921 They had the poor so-and-so tied up in a cell. Then he'll go away and leave you, all for some other one. bomb damage. 26.5 million was paid for injuries. Chronology of the Churchill as a War Leader. Irish thought the Germans brought on Mr. Lamb not to sight of a small divided Treaty." Additionally 2.8 million was paid out under the Emer- Troubles 1969-1993 By Richerd Lamb. were going to win. This was say anything which might in- country resisting pressure Leaving aside these Come all you fair maids, a warning take from me Said the guard testing him 'Say these words if you can: gency Provision Act for damage and land seized by Paul Bew and Gordon not the case. The Irish felt they crease anti- British feeling in from both Britain 73 and the deficiences for a moment, Published by Bloomsbury. "Around the ragged rocks the ragged rascal ran" ' the British to seal border roads. Northern ireland Gillespie, Gill and Mac- had no part in the causes of the the 1990s. It would appear that U.S. was not without dramatic Lamb's book is a excellent ac- And try to build your nest on the top of a tall tree £12.99 pkb Tell them I'm not crazy, tell them I'm not mad - Office Report. Millan £8.99 pbk war and wanted to stay out of altering history to suit themsel- appeal. He could have men- count of the War in Europe, the For the leaves they will all wither and the branches This is an ideal book for the conflict and they were en- ves is a British habit which did tioned Malcolm MacDonald's Middle and Far East. Lamb will decay It was only a sup of the bottle I had. MgjngJiQIQ John Knox, deputy director of the journalists and authors titled to do so. Lamb makes no not die with Churchill. trip to Dublin to persuade de points t< ' hurchill's serious And the duties of your fair young man, will soon all Senou^raud Office has announced that while 900 hoping to write yet t has been discovered that critical comments on the War Lamb recounts Churchill's Valera to allow the Royal Navy errors which cost many lives A man died in the Union, by the name of McNabb, fade away. million was lost through burglary and 2 billion another book about North- Churchill was not infallible. Leader's references to Ireland. arrogance towards the other to use the Treaty ports and and unnecessarily prolonged We washed him and laid him outside on a slab. • Traditional through theft, the sums involved in only 60 Serious ern Ireland, From that first ISo Mr. Lamb decided to go The author refers to Dominions. "He (Churchill) declare war on Germany. The the conflict. He list them as: And after O'Connor his measurements did take Fraud Offices cases totalled 6 billion. The Guardian day in October 1%8 when through the events of the 2nd Churchill's plan to make a gas knew that his own weakness possibility of a United Ireland Churchill's order to sink the His wife took him home to a bloody fine wake 27.5.93 police attacked the un- World War with a "fine tooth attack on the Germans in had been to treat troops from after the war was the "carrot" Vichy French Fleet at Mers-el- armed Civil Rights march comb", and show where the retaliation for the VI and V2 the Commonwealth as if they offered for Dev's cooperation. Kebir, his premature landings Sullivan's John Twas about twelve o'clock and the beer it was high: "John Baxter, who took up the prison to the sectarian killing of a War leader had simply erased attacks on London. This was a were Britiish vassals." One of The Irish Leader's response in Greece and Crete, his failure The corpse he jumped up and says he with a sigh: governors post this July, confirmed to a federal dis- catholic old age pensioner certain events from history be- good opportunity to throw Churchill's advisers wrote was to say he could only corn- to keep a promise to Stalin to trict court in San Francisco that after the escape, in May this year this book cause it did not suit him to some more light on Chuchill's "The Australian Government template a United Ireland on open the second front earlier, CHORUS. 'I can't get to heaven, they won't let me up republican prisoners were forced to run a gauntlet of set in diary form covers the have them there. Churhill's threat to gas the Irish if they have throughout the war taken the basis of Ireland as a whole his decision not to help the six- O'Sullivan's John, to the road you've gone, Till I bring them a quart of the Johnny Jump Up. guard dogs, which were unleashed and were allowed spectrum of events in the powerful position during the did not give up their a narrow, selfish and at times being neutral in the war. year old anti-Hitler Resistance Far away from your native home. war meant he had a strong in- to bit them." The Independent stated period with com- neutrality. A reference was craven view of events in con- Churchill, however, Movement inside Germany, You've gone to the tinker's daughter n Traditional fluence on what went in the ment on the major events. made to this in the Irish Sun- trast to New Zealand...I fear demanded "loyalty to the and finally his insistence on For along the road to roam. Bloody Sunday 1972; the official records as well as his day Press some years ago. But the Prime Minister's treatment Crown and Empire". Eire was unconditional surrender of the O'Sullivan's John you won't stick it long collapse of the power shar- own memoirs. Lamb misses this opportunity of Mr. Menzies is to blame." a member of the Common- Germans, which greatly stif- Till your belly will soon get slack ing executive 1974; the It has to be said, hewever as well. Lamb makes frequent refer- fened their resistance. wealth until the Coalition Up along the road, with a mighty load, Republican hunger strikes 'hat Churchill had a number of LAST WORD It would have been interest- ence to Churchill opposition to Government declared a For some details of events in 1981; and the Anglo Irish references to Eire in all his And your tool box on your back. ing to hear what our author Indian Independence. Republic after the war. Again Ireland during the WW2, see agreement 1985. volumes of war history. Chur- "I never seen such overbearing security, and this was had to say about Churchill's The abuse hurled at the de Valera reiterated that he Quotations from de Valera and chill stated in The Gathering only its visible aspect." PM view that "malcontents" were Irish by Churchill because they wanted the whole of Ireland Washington's Irish Policy by Storm that the Eire Govern- n Rian Malan a South African journalist planning to help German U would not come in on the side neutral. Robert Fisk saw the Sean Cronin.
IRISH DEMOCRAT January 1994 page 6 IRISH DEMOCRAT January 1994 page 7 ANONN IS ANALL: THE PETER BERRESFORD ELLIS COLUMN
Did the British Government agree the 1975 truce with the IRA only to exploit its failure? Talking to 'Terrorists'
William Whitelaw and Lt. members of the British was actually raised and said he General Sir Harry Tuzo, British Government were meeting at would Took into the crisis'. He GoC, had personally received formal talks. never returned the call. On members of the UDA's Two limousines took the July 9, after thirteen days, the governing council at Stormont delegates to the private home truce had ended. Castle at their request in which of junior minister Paul Chan- Joe Haines, Wilson's former the UDA delegations wore non near Chelsea Bridge in press secretary, revealed in The masks! No protests about central London. Here they Politics of Power (1977), that meeting Unionist men of were greeted by the Secretary Wilson made a personal at- violence then or at subsequent of State, William Whitelaw, tempt to mend the truce. On meetings! Minister Paul Channon, with July 18, three republican Don't forget the UDA was senior civil servants of the delegates, including Joe Cahill, not deemed an illegal or- Northern Ireland Office, Steele were flown in a chartered ganisation until 1992 by which and Woodward, who had con- plane to a private air field near time they had murdered some ducted the preliminary Wilson's country home in 900 people, of which 600 were negotiations. Buckinghamshire. The talks killed simply because they Whitelaw opened the talks came to nothing when it was were Catholics and not in- with five minutes of platitudes revealed that Wilson was ac- volved in politics, while 170 about how he wanted to serve ting on his own account and were Protestants killed 'by the people of Northern Ireland. the Government were not in- mistake'. Mac Stiofain replied by terested in a further truce. While the British Govern- reading the conditions of the Whitelaw later informed ment were hypocritically pos- negotiating position of the the Commons that the cost of ~i Whitelaw misread the writing on the wall: the 75 truce did not diminish nationalist support turing, secret negotiations republican delegation. 1, the bringing the republican for the republican movement carried on. IRA Chief of Staff, British Government was to delegation to London was only Sean Mac Stfofain, demanded recognise the right of the £540. But the broken truce was T CAME as no surprise to sceptical and pessimistic old the IRA and Sinn Fein had that Gerry Adams be released people of Ireland, acting as a to cost the people of Ireland anyone with political hack was concerned, were been placed in such a position from Long Kesh to take part in democratic unit, to decide the and Britain infinitely more. where a truce and talks took Iacumen that the British simply a hypocritical waste of the talks. This was agreed to. future of Ireland; 2, to declare When the truth is known, if place against which 'unofficial Government were talking to time, money and lives! Instead The next IRA demand that its intention for disengage- it is ever known, for the British actions' by British troops Sinn Fein and the IRA. This of posturing the Government political prisoners, both ment from Ireland and imme- Government have a way with forced the IRA to call off the tired observer simply raised a should have buckled down to republican and unionist, be diate withdrawal of forces 'losing' documents or refusing 'cease-fire'. Examined from an cynical smile that the British the urgent business of ending given political status was also from nationalist areas; 3, to to allow documents to be historical viewpoint, it is a sig- Government had finally been the conflict years ago. immediately agreed to by the declare a general amnesty for released for lengthy periods nificant repetition. Both events caught with their proverbial The last open negotiations British Government. The all political prisoners, an end to what will be the lessons to be could well have been part of a pants down! between Government and IRA British Government also internment and detainment. learnt from this truce? considered political/military What was amazing was the took place in 1975. The Per- agreed to release 500 internees There were only two minor Whitelaw had two objec- strategy by the British Govern- s e ft kt p !• > c convolutions manent Secretary of the North- from the camps as an expres- clashes during these talks. The tives. One he fulfilled, the ment. Mavhew et.nl. performed to em Ireland Office, Sir Frank sion of their 'goodwill'. first was when Whitelaw made second one was a failure. The demonstrate the Government Cooper, with the approval of Early in 1972 the former A preliminary exploratory a statement that British troops one he fulfilled was to under- were not negotiating' and to Merlyn Rees, negotiated a British Labour Prime Minister meeting was held near Derry. had never opened fire on un- take a political expediency argue the point as to who truce in December, 1974. Harold Wilson visited Dublin. Against British reluctance, the armed civilians - several in- which would allow General spoke ti> whom first. Even The <. Government representatives He secretly met Daithi' O Con- terms of the truce and negotiat- stances were promptly cited by Tuzo (who was still confident Pailu Telegraph, that pillar of met IRA Chief of Staff, Seamus aill, Joe Cahill and John Kelly ing points were drawn up in Martin McGuiness, including about a military victory over lorv integrity, regretfully I womey, with Daithi O Con- of the IRA leadership to sound writing and were signed by the the tragedy of Derry's 'Bloody the IRA) to re-group and re- remarked that the IRA had aill, Ruari O Bradaigh, Maire out conditions for a cease-fire negotiators and witnessed by a Sunday'. The second was deploy his men for a new ter- emerged with more credibility I )rumm, Kevin Mallon and J.B. and basis of negotiation. Wil- third-party. when Whitelaw brought up ror campaign against the than the British Government 1 lagan at Feakle in Co. Clare. son was not acting tin his own The IRA declared a cease- the objection to an all-Ireland nationalist areas. Certainly the way Sinn Fein account, as some argue, but Further talks took place on fire from 23.59 hours on Mon- election to determine the will As we know, British troop kept upstaging the British was the clandestine inter- lanuary 19 between IRA and day, June 26, 1972. The next of the Irish people, referring to concentrations were brought Government by forcing them mediary for Prime Minister Sinn Fein representatives and day Whitelaw announced in the Ireland Act of 1949 guaran- up to an all time high of 21,000 into admissions of lying, cheat- Edward Heath. Naturally this (ames Allan and Michael Oat- the House of Commons that teeing the union to the majority regulars, backed by armoured ing and even, when having to is now denied. Events dis- ley of the British Foreign Of- British forces in Ireland would in the Six Counties. When chal- cars, tanks and other vehicles. reveal their culpability, at- prove this. fice. These talks resulted in the reciprocate. lenged on this, Whitelaw ad- These mechanised armoured tempting to produce false truce being extended from The result of that meeting It was an uneasy truce, mitted that there was no Act of columns smashed into the records, which Mayhew had to February 10 indefinitely. But was that on March 10,1972, the however, for the British Army, Parliament which could not be nationalist areas which, from admit following a Sinn Fein the British Army, whose GoC, IRA declared a 'cease fire'. A UDR, RUC took the oppor- set aside by another. 1969, had been designated 'no- press conference, should have Sir Frank King, was amazingly condition put forward by the tunity to re-deploy. The UDA The Irish delegation were go' areas for British troops. The won an 'Emmv' award for the critical, and outspokenly so, of IRA, that of the abolition of and UVF became active and prepared to negotiate over short term objective of allow- best Christmas Pantomime of the negotiations his superiors Stormont, was met on March there were a number of sec- several months before the an- ing a ruthless, new British of- the year. in Government were carrying 24 when Stormont was tarian murders, mainly the nouncement of disengagement fensive against the nationalist It is amazing that the out, were constantly violating suspended for a year. How- work of the 'Loyalist' ex- and also bring the UN areas was achieved. During the terms and conditions. ever, the conditions of a troop general public seem blissfully tremists. But on one occasion, Secretary-General into the the British offensive at end of King's interference in his withdrawal from the streets unaware of the incontrover- in Andersonstown, officers of secret negotiations. A period of July some 7,000 Catholic Government's political and a declaration of dis- tible fact that British Govern- the Military Reconnaissance three-and-a- half years was refugees sought safety in the 26 decisions was politically in- engagement with an amnesty ments, Tory or otherwise, do Force, a plain clothes under- suggested for disengagement. Counties. talk to 'terrorists'. credible, a reminder of the for all political prisoners were cover organisation attached to Whitelaw promised to But what of the second ob- Curragh Mutiny, and would not met. The proposals of the The point was stressed by the British 39th Infantry report back to the British jective? This was a political not have been tolerated in any Heath Government did not the Secretary General of the Brigade, were involved in the Cabinet and a response would one, obviously devised by other war situation. come anywhere near the British Commonwealth on sectarian shootings. be given within a week. As- some 'backroom' strategist. negotiating position of the IRA. BBC's Question Time in Violations of the truce by the On Friday, July 6, the IRA surances were given that The aim was to entice the IRA The 'cease fire' therefore ended. November before the Govern- army also suited the policy of the and Sinn F6in delegation were Britain would not break the and Sinn F6in into a truce, to be ment admitted their involve- RUC and the Unionists. The IRA The IRA leadership re- in Derry. They consisted of truce which was now open- seen as opening negotiations ment. Not only is the history of were forced into a position iterated conditions for a truce Daithi' O'Conaill, Se£n Mac ended. with them, and then to place the recent decline of the British in June and while these were whereby they had to end what Stiofjin, Slamas Twomey, However, there were them into an untenable posi- Empire replete with examples publicly rejected, the newly was left of their side of the truce Gerry Adams, Ivor Bell and several serious breaches of the tion whereby they would be of the UK Government created Secretary for Northern in July, 1975, or loose credibility Martin McGuinness. The truce during the next few days. forced to break the truce. It was negotiating with 'terrorists' Ireland, William Whitelaw, with their supporters. delegation left Derry at 08.30 Most horrendous was the designed to destroy the but even in the case of the cur- secretly opened negotiations Many of the IRA and Sinn hrs. to go to a pre-set rendezvous shooting to death of a mentally credibility of the republican rent conflict in the north of through intermediaries. Fein delegates to those secret from where an RAF helicopter retarded Catholic boy in the leadership if not the move- Ireland there are several ex- talks with the British Govern- Now be it remembered that transported them to RAF and the rape and shooting of ment. The nationalist popula- amples of the British Govern- ment are now dead and it may during all these secret negotia- Aldergrove, Belfast and onto an his mother who had witnessed tion would no longer trust the ment and its representatives not be for many years, if then, tions, the British Government RAF aircraft which flew them the slaughter. Then came the IRA and Sinn F6in. sitting down and talking with were publicly refusing to 'talk that we will know exactly how to RAF Benson, Oxfordshire. provocation at Lenadoon. The In that second objective, the the IRA. with the men of violence'. No much was discussed and This was the first time since republican leadership tried to British Government failed as one in the British Media ques- The British Government's negotiated. 1921 that representatives of contact British officials on the the last twenty years of the tioned the fact that at this time pious posturings, so far as this It was the second time that Irish resistance and senior agreed 'hotlines'. Whitelaw struggle has borne witness.
IRISH DEMOCRAT January 1994 page 8