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Case Study Women in Politics: Reflections from Malaysia
International IDEA, 2002, Women in Parliament, Stockholm (http://www.idea.int). This is an English translation of Wan Azizah, “Perempuan dalam Politik: Refleksi dari Malaysia,” in International IDEA, 2002, Perempuan di Parlemen: Bukan Sekedar Jumlah, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 191-202. (This translation may vary slightly from the original text. If there are discrepancies in the meaning, the original Bahasa-Indonesia version is the definitive text). Case Study Women in Politics: Reflections from Malaysia Wan Azizah Women constitute half of humanity, and it follows that any decision-making, whether at the personal, family, societal or public levels, should be mindful of and involve the participation of women in the making of those decisions. Women’s political, social and economic rights are an integral and inseparable part of their human rights. Democracy is an inclusive process, and therefore in a functioning democracy, the points of view of different interest groups must be taken into account in formulating any decision. The interest and opinions of men, women and minorities must be part of that decision-making process. Yet far from being included in the decision-making process, women find themselves under-represented in political institutions. Numerous challenges confront women entering politics. Among them are lack of party support, family support and the "masculine model" of political life. Many feel that Malaysian society is still male dominated, and men are threatened by the idea of women holding senior posts. In the political sphere this is compounded by the high premium placed on political power. This makes some men even less willing to share power with women. -
Asian-Parliaments.Pdf
Asian Parliaments Bangladesh Government type: parliamentary democracy unicameral National Parliament or Jatiya Sangsad; 300 seats elected by popular vote from single territorial constituencies (the constitutional amendment reserving 30 seats for women over and above the 300 regular parliament seats expired in May 2001); members serve fiveyear terms elections: last held 1 October 2001 (next to be held no later than January 2007) Bhutan Government type: monarchy; special treaty relationship with India unicameral National Assembly or Tshogdu (150 seats; 105 elected from village constituencies, 10 represent religious bodies, and 35 are designated by the monarch to represent government and other secular interests; members serve threeyear terms) elections: local elections last held August 2005 (next to be held in 2008) Burma Government type: military junta (leader not elected) Unicameral People's Assembly or Pyithu Hluttaw (485 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve fouryear terms) elections: last held 27 May 1990, but Assembly never allowed by junta to convene Cambodia Government type: multiparty democracy under a constitutional monarchy established in September 1993 Bicameral, consists of the National Assembly (123 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve fiveyear terms) and the Senate (61 seats; 2 members appointed by the monarch, 2 elected by the National Assembly, and 57 elected by parliamentarians and commune councils; members serve fiveyear terms) elections: National Assembly last held 27 July 2003 (next to be -
DEWAN RAKYAT Standing Orders of the DEWAN RAKYAT
PARLIMEN MALAYSIA Peraturan-peraturan Majlis Mesyuarat DEWAN RAKYAT Standing Orders of the DEWAN RAKYAT PARLIMEN MALAYSIA Peraturan-peraturan Majlis Mesyuarat DEWAN RAKYAT Standing Orders of the DEWAN RAKYAT PARLIAMENT OF MALAYSIA Standing Orders of the DEWAN RAKYAT Fourteenth Publication June, 2018 DICETAK OLEH PERCETAKAN NASIONAL MALAYSIA BERHAD KUALA LUMPUR, 2018 www.printnasional.com.my email: [email protected] Tel.: 03-92366895 Faks: 03-92224773 165 STANDING ORDERS OF THE DEWAN RAKYAT These Standing Orders are made by the Dewan Rakyat in pursuance of Article 62(1) of the Federal Constitution. 166 TABLE OF CONTENTS PUBLIC BUSINESS Standing Page Order 1. Proceedings of First Meetings of the House 175 after a General Election 2. Seating of Members 176 3. Election of a Yang di-Pertua 177 4. Procedure for election of Yang di-Pertua 177 4A. Leader of the House and Leader of the 179 Opposition 5. The Oath 180 6. Election of Timbalan Yang di-Pertua 181 7. Tuan Yang di-Pertua 181 8. Official Language 183 9. Duties of the Setiausaha 183 10. Official Reports 184 11. Sessions and Meetings 185 12. Sittings 186 13. Quorum 186 14. Order of Business 188 14A. Order of Business Special Chamber 190 15. Arrangement of Public Business 190 16. Special Chamber 190 17. Motion on Government Matter of Administration 192 18. Motion for Definite Matter of Urgent 193 Public Importance 19. Petitions 194 20. Papers 196 21. Questions 197 22. Notice of Questions 198 23. Contents of Questions 199 167 Standing Page Order 24. Manner of asking and answering questions 202 24A. -
Federal-State Relations Under the Pakatan Harapan Government
FEDERAL-STATE RELATIONS UNDER THE PAKATAN HARAPAN GOVERNMENT Tricia Yeoh TRENDS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ISSN 0219-3213 TRS12/20s ISSUE ISBN 978-9-814951-13-5 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace 12 Singapore 119614 http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg 9 7 8 9 8 1 4 9 5 1 1 3 5 2020 TRENDS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA 20-J07166 01 Trends_2020-12.indd 1 5/10/20 2:25 PM The ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) is an autonomous organization established in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security, and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are grouped under Regional Economic Studies (RES), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). The Institute is also home to the ASEAN Studies Centre (ASC), the Singapore APEC Study Centre and the Temasek History Research Centre (THRC). ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued more than 2,000 books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world. 20-J07166 01 Trends_2020-12.indd 2 5/10/20 2:25 PM FEDERAL-STATE RELATIONS UNDER THE PAKATAN HARAPAN GOVERNMENT Tricia Yeoh ISSUE 12 2020 20-J07166 01 Trends_2020-12.indd 3 5/10/20 2:25 PM Published by: ISEAS Publishing 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119614 [email protected] http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg © 2020 ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore All rights reserved. -
PARLIAMENT AS the GRAND INQUEST of the NATION: PROPOSALS for ENHANCING PARLIAMENT’S INSTITUTIONAL EFFICACY Shad Saleem Faruqi Tun Hussein Onn Chair, ISIS Malaysia
PARLIAMENT AS THE GRAND INQUEST OF THE NATION: PROPOSALS FOR ENHANCING PARLIAMENT’S INSTITUTIONAL EFFICACY Shad Saleem Faruqi Tun Hussein Onn Chair, ISIS Malaysia 1 INTRODUCTION It is not reliable to measure the depth of the sea at low tide. Perhaps this analogy is relevant to our Parliament that has been in abeyance for the last six months except for a few hours on 18th May. Parliament has also largely been a bystander to the devastating health and economic crisis and the political instability engulfing our beloved land. 2 This bystander’s role is NOT what our Constitution envisaged. Forty-nine Articles of the Constitution (out of a total of 183) deal with the composition, qualification, legislative powers, financial powers, privileges and procedures of our Parliament (Articles 44-68, 73-79 and 96-112). 3 The electoral process for choosing representatives to the Dewan Rakyat is covered by Articles 113-120 and the Thirteenth Schedule. Elections to Parliament and to the Legislative Assemblies of the States incur a massive investment: RM 500 million in 2018 and an estimated RM 750 million for the next electoral exercise due to the reduction of voting age to 18 and the substantial increase in the number of voters. 4 CONSTITUTIONAL FUNCTIONS In our “Westminster system” of “parliamentary government”, the Constitution reposes in our federal legislature the following constitutional functions: 1. The legislative function of enacting, amending and repealing of laws. This should include the scrutiny of subsidiary legislation and a leadership role in law reform. 2. Oversight of executive policy and performance to ensure accountability, answerability and responsibility of the political executive to Parliament. -
The Political Economy of Malaysian Federalism: Economic Development, Public Policy and Conflict Containment
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Jomo, K. S.; Hui, Wee Chong Working Paper The political economy of Malaysian federalism: Economic development, public policy and conflict containment WIDER Discussion Paper, No. 2002/113 Provided in Cooperation with: United Nations University (UNU), World Institute for Development Economics Research (WIDER) Suggested Citation: Jomo, K. S.; Hui, Wee Chong (2002) : The political economy of Malaysian federalism: Economic development, public policy and conflict containment, WIDER Discussion Paper, No. 2002/113, ISBN 9291903531, The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER), Helsinki This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/52740 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. -
1219Th GENERAL PLENARY MEETING
United Nations 1219th GENERAL PLENARY MEETING ASSEMBLY Friday, 27 September 1963, at 3 p.m• EIGHTEENTH SESSION ." -;0 V- Official Records • NEW YORK CONTENTS hope for easing world tension, Several countries, in Page eluding my own, have expressed their support for this Agenda item 9: significant, though limited. achievement by acceding General debate (continued) to the treaty. Let us hope that other countrtes which Speech by Mr. Botsio (Ghana). 1 have not done so will, in due course, find it possible Speech by Mr. Falar (Indonesia) ••. 7 to take a similar step, thus paving the way to a com Speech by Mr. Bossay (Chile) • .•.. 12 plete "detente N which willleacl to the achievement of Statement by the representative of Austria. 16 general and complete disarmament. Statement by the representative of Italy . .• 16 .. Statement by the representative of Malaysia 16 4. Indeed. what has come to 'be known as the Moscow I Statement by the representative ofthe United Treaty is a significant and positive step in the right Kingdom• ...........••••.....•• 18 direction. In our view, the stage has been set for the Statement by the representative ofIndonesia 19 conclusion of a comprehensive test ban treaty. totally banning all forms of nuclear testing in everyenviron ment, whether in the atmosphere, in outer space, under President: Mr. Carlos SOSA RODRIGUEZ water or underground, The search for new areas of (Venezue la). agreement should be relentlessly pursued to save mankind from the scourge of a possible nuclear annihilation. AGENDA ITEM 9 5. In this context, any contemplation of further at General debate (continued) mospheric testing at this time should be vehemently condemned by all as a betrayal of man's yearning for 1. -
Will Pakatan Harapan's Hold on Selangor Continue?
WILL PAKATAN HARAPAN’S HOLD ON SELANGOR CONTINUE? Tricia Yeoh TRENDS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ISSN 0219-3213 TRS3/21s ISSUE ISBN 978-981-4951-43-2 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace 3 Singapore 119614 http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg 9 7 8 9 8 1 4 9 5 1 4 3 2 2021 TRENDS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA 21-J07406 01 Trends_2021-03.indd 1 19/1/21 10:14 AM The ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) is an autonomous organization established in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security, and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are grouped under Regional Economic Studies (RES), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). The Institute is also home to the ASEAN Studies Centre (ASC), the Singapore APEC Study Centre and the Temasek History Research Centre (THRC). ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued more than 2,000 books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world. 21-J07406 01 Trends_2021-03.indd 2 19/1/21 10:14 AM WILL PAKATAN HARAPAN’S HOLD ON SELANGOR CONTINUE? Tricia Yeoh ISSUE 3 2021 21-J07406 01 Trends_2021-03.indd 3 19/1/21 10:14 AM Published by: ISEAS Publishing 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119614 [email protected] http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg © 2021 ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore All rights reserved. -
Cabinet & Parliamentary
Research for Social Advancement Focus Paper 2013 The shape of government: Cabinet & Parliamentary Rebalancing Part 3: Required for effective government - A weightier Parliament and a slimmer Cabinet / 02/27 Too many Barisan Nasional MPs are fettered. The silence from BN MPs on shenanigans such as the NFC ‘Cowgate’ stink and fishy Scorpene submarine deal is deafening, but not surprising. Senior BN MPs serving in the bloated 68-member Cabinet cannot criticise themselves. Less than 60% of BN MPs are free to perform parliamentary oversight roles. These relatively junior MPs would naturally think thrice before tackling their prominent colleagues in ministerial positions. Corruption and abuse of power are issues that must transcend party lines. The absence of bi- partisan parliamentary oversight of the ministries has led to a culture of complacency and perhaps, even arrogance in our government. Ministers easily shrug off criticism as ‘opposition-led’ or ‘politically- driven’ because their own BN backbenchers remain silent in the face of government shenanigans. Parliament needs more resources. The entire Docile BN MPs have left the Parliament has just 14 research officers at its watchman role of Parliament to disposal, and only one committee - the Public the Opposition and civil society. Accounts Committee - to scrutinise the Executive. Well-resourced, properly-run, bi-partisan This allows Ministers to dismiss parliamentary committees might well have helped criticisms as ‘opposition-led’ our government avoid fiascos such as AES where rather than address the issues. ministries collided over traffic enforcement and the Properly-resourced bi-partisan current minimum wage backtracking. parliamentary committees are crucial for effective government. -
Repeated Elections and Opposition Challenges in Malaysia
Repeated Elections and Opposition Challenges in Malaysia Yukiko Taniguchi※ Abstract Malaysia was a typical example of authoritarian regimes that strengthened the regime through elections for a long time until 2018, but street protests, in which the masses participated on a large scale, have become more active since 1998. Nevertheless, the opposition groups had been challenging the regime through elections and had never tried overthrowing it through the protests. Why was the choice made, and by what mechanism? This paper explores these questions and focuses on the impact of repeated elections on these opposition's changing strategic options. It argues that repeated elections not only strengthened the ruling party's support base but also long moderated mass protests in Malaysia while providing the opposition parties with electoral experience and facilitating coalition formation. That was brought about by the transformation of protests as a means of generating mass discontent against the regime and mobilizing support for the opposition, rather than directly challenging it. * I thank discussants and participants at the 2019 American Political Science Association Asia- Pacific Workshop and the 2019 Japanese Association for Comparative Politics. Financial support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (19K20876) and The Ryoichi Sasakawa Young Leaders Fellowship (2017-2018) is gratefully acknowledged. ※ Ph.D. Candidate, Graduate School of Political Science, Waseda University, Japan. Research Associate, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization. E-mail: yukiko- [email protected]. 1 Introduction Malaysia, long dominated by the United Malays National Organization (UMNO)-led Barisan Nasional (National Front: BN) regime and referred to as a typical example of competitive authoritarian regimes,1 has seen a growing number of mass street protests since 1998. -
Dewan Rakyat Speaker Lecture Series 19 March 2019, 6.30 Pm
SPEECH BY MR TAN CHUAN-JIN SPEAKER OF THE PARLIAMENT OF SINGAPORE MALAYSIA DEWAN RAKYAT SPEAKER LECTURE SERIES 19 MARCH 2019, 6.30 PM Yang Berhormat Dato’ Mohamad Ariff, Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat Distinguished Guests, Parliamentary Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen, First, I wish to express my thanks to Yang Berhormat Ariff for inviting me to visit Malaysia and to speak at this Dewan Rakyat Speaker Lecture Series. This is my first bilateral visit overseas as Speaker of Parliament. I am glad to have this opportunity to be here as Malaysia is not just Singapore’s nearest neighbour, but also an important and close friend. 2 I wish to thank Yang Berhormat Ariff, the Malaysian Parliamentarians we have met and the Secretariat team at the Dewan Rakyat, for the warm hospitality we have enjoyed from the moment we arrived in vibrant Kuala Lumpur. 3 This morning we were warmly welcomed into the Chamber of the Dewan Rakyat. And then, through various meetings – formal and informal – we have been able to exchange honest and helpful views with various Malaysian Members of Parliament or MPs. We also met some Singaporeans who are working here in your lovely city. Many of them have found firm friends and built strong ties here. And without exception, they love your food! So, once again, thank you. 1 Singapore Parliamentary System – Evolution 4 When Yang Berhormat Ariff wrote to me about this Lecture Series, he had recommended that I speak on the Singapore Parliamentary System. 5 Singapore and Malaysia have much in common – we share the same historical roots and a Westminster system of government. -
Opposition Dynamics in Electoral Autocracies
Committed or Conditional Democrats? Opposition Dynamics in Electoral Autocracies Jennifer Gandhi Emory University Elvin Ong University of British Columbia Abstract: In electoral autocracies, opposition coalition formation offers the best hope of getting to democracy. Yet forming electoral coalitions also entails convincing opposition voters to ignore compromises and engage in the cross-party voting necessary for opposition victory. To what extent are voters committed to defeating the autocratic incumbent even if it would result in dislikable outcomes? A survey experiment in Malaysia finds that opposition voters overwhelmingly express pretreatment support for the opposition coalition. But when exposed to a treatment vignette about which member party might lead the next government, many voters retract their support. Specifically, voters’ support for the coalition declines when their least preferred member is expected to control the government and when they can vote for a closer ideological alternative outside of the coalition. Although voters are committed to opposition unity and democratic transition, that commitment is sensitive to the anticipated consequences of an opposition victory. Replication Materials: The data, code, and any additional materials required to replicate all analyses in this arti- cle are available on the American Journal of Political Science Dataverse within the Harvard Dataverse Network, at: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/T21M2M. upporting opposition parties carries significant election. Such alliances require parties to coordinate their risks in autocracies. Autocrats possess a “menu of candidate offerings. By preventing opposition voters from S manipulation” that enables them to disenfranchise, splitting their votes among too many alternatives, elec- disadvantage, intimidate, and repress opposition voters toral coalitions have helped the opposition win against (Levitsky and Way 2010; Schedler 2002).