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CONTENTS

Bibliographical Abbreviations ...... 9 Abbreviations and terms ...... 10 List of Tables, Figures and Plates ...... 11 Preface by the Editor ...... 13 Preface ...... 15

I. INTRODUCTION ...... 17 Levantine Painted Ware distribution and Middle Bronze Age chronology ...... 17 Main topics and questions ...... 18 Objectives and working procedure ...... 18 Geographical and chronological terminology ...... 19

II. LEVANTINE PAINTED WARE ...... 21 The name ...... 21 Former research ...... 21 Levantine Painted Ware ...... 22 Typology ...... 24 Decoration ...... 24 Main decorative bands/zones ...... 24 a. Concentric circles/spirals ...... 24 b. Triangles ...... 26 c. Crisscross bands ...... 27 d. Lozenges, butterflies and hourglasses ...... 27 e. Band-zones ...... 28 f. Wavy bands ...... 28 g. Miscellaneous horizontal bands ...... 29 h. Miscellaneous decoration ...... 29 Additional decorative bands ...... 30 Additional decoration ...... 30 Vessel types ...... 30 I. Amphorae (storage jars) ...... 30 II. Handleless jars ...... 31 III. Long-necked jugs ...... 31 IV. Low-necked jugs ...... 32 V. Dipper jugs ...... 32 VI. Juglets ...... 33 VII. Miscellaneous vessels ...... 34

III. LEVANTINE PAINTED WARE FROM EL-DABcA ...... 35 Tell el-Dabca ...... 35 cEzbet Rushdi, R/I ...... 37 Area F/I ...... 45 Area A/II ...... 54 Comparisons for Tell el-Dabca LPW ...... 56 Painted juglets and jugs, the connection to Syro/Cilician pottery and the MB IIB ...... 58 Stepped-rim juglets ...... 58 Painted Tell el Yahudiyeh Ware juglets ...... 59

IV. LEVANTINE PAINTED WARE AND RELATED POTTERY FROM OTHER SITES IN EGYPT ...... 61 005_016 Bagh.qxp 21.02.2013 17:46 Seite 6

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Sites with Levantine Painted Ware ...... 61 Kom el Hisn ...... 61 Lisht ...... 62 Kahun ...... 63 Tell Edfu ...... 64 Elephantine ...... 65

V. LEVANTINE PAINTED WARE AND RELATED PAINTED POTTERY FROM THE ...... 67 1. Levantine Painted Ware and related painted wares from the Southern Levant ...... 67 A. Southern coast and Shepalah ...... 67 Tell el-cAjjul ...... 67 ...... 69 Tell Beit Mirsim ...... 69 Dharat el Humraiya ...... 70 Gezer ...... 71 B. Southern Levant: Central area ...... 72 Aphek ...... 72 Ifshar ...... 79 Barqai ...... 83 Tel Burga ...... 83 Tel Yosef ...... 84 Megiddo ...... 84 Gesher ...... 88 Afula ...... 90 Tur can Cave ...... 91 C. Southern Levant: Northern coastal area ...... 91 Nami ...... 91 Megadim ...... 93 Tel cAmr ...... 96 Nahariya ...... 97 Kabri ...... 98 D. Sites in northern Galilee and north of Lake Hula with painted stepped-rim juglets and some LPW . . 99 Hazor ...... 91 Zefat ...... 101 Ginosar ...... 102 Kefar Szold ...... 103 Qubbet Qarca ...... 104 Nacama ...... 104 Hagosherim ...... 105 Tel Dan ...... 105

2. SITES IN THE NORTHERN COASTAL AREA WITH LEVANTINE PAINTED WARE (AND RELATED PAINTED WARES) . . . . . 110 A. Northern Levant: coastal area ...... 110 ...... 110 Lebeca ...... 116 Ruweisé ...... 117 Majdalouna ...... 119 ...... 119 ...... 122 ...... 122 Mgharet al-Hourriyé ...... 130 Tell Arqa ...... 131 Amrith ...... 133 005_016 Bagh.qxp 17.03.2013 13:57 Seite 7

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Sukas ...... 135 Tell Tweini – Gibala ...... 136 Ras Shamra – ...... 139 B. Cilicia ...... 145 Kinet Höyük ...... 145 Other sites with Syro/Cilician Ware ...... 145 C. and Inland (and ) ...... 145 Tell el Hayyat, Jordan ...... 146 C.a. Southern Syria (and Lebanon) ...... 146 ...... 147 Deraca ...... 147 Tell el-Ashcari ...... 147 Mtouné ...... 147 Tell Sakka ...... 148 Tell el-Salihiyah ...... 148 Tell Ghouzlaniyeh ...... 148 Kamid el Loz, Lebanon ...... 149 Tell el Ghassil, Lebanon ...... 149 Yabrud ...... 150 ...... 150 Hama ...... 153 Murek ...... 154 (Tell Mardikh) ...... 155 Umm el Marra ...... 156

VI. PROVENANCE ...... 159 Neutron Activation Analyses by Joan Huntoon and Patrick McGovern ...... 159 Petrography by Yuval Goren and Anat Cohen Weinberger ...... 159 Results from Kabri and Tell Arqa ...... 162 Conclusions ...... 162

VII. SYRO/CILICIAN WARE AND KHABUR WARE COMPARED TO LPW ...... 163 Levantine Painted Ware ...... 163 Khabur Ware ...... 163 Syro/Cilician Ware ...... 164 Evidence suggested by the Tell el-Dabca painted pottery of the MB IIA and B ...... 165 Levantine sites with more than one style of painted Middle Bronze Age pottery ...... 166 Conclusions ...... 168

VIII. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS ...... 171 Painted styles and regions ...... 171 First occurence ...... 172 Painted pottery phases ...... 172

IX. CATALOGUE ...... 179 Figures 15–105 with Catalogue ...... 181 Colour Plates 1–2 ...... 322 Bibliography ...... 327 005_016 Bagh.qxp 21.02.2013 17:46 Seite 8