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Land Use Patterns and Its Implication for Climate Change: the Case of Gamo Gofa, Southern Ethiopia
Defaru Debebe. et al., IJSRR 2013, 2(3), 155-173 Research article Available online www.ijsrr.org ISSN: 2279–0543 International Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews Land Use Patterns and its Implication for Climate Change: The Case of Gamo Gofa, Southern Ethiopia Defaru Debebe* and Tuma Ayele Arba Minch University P.O.Box 21, Arba Minch, Ethiopia ABSTRACT Land is one of three major factors of production in classical economics (along with labor and capital) and an essential input for housing and crop production. Land use is the backbone of agriculture and it provides substantial economic and social benefits. Assessing past-to present land use patterns associated with the crop production helps to understand which climatic effects might arise due to expanding crop cultivation. This study was conducted to evaluate the land use pattern and its implication for climate change in Gamo Gofa, Southern Ethiopia. For evaluation, correlation and time series trend analysis were used. Results revealed that a significant reduction in cultivable land, which was converted into cropland and might increase deforestation and greenhouse gas emission, in turn induce climate change. The correlation between cropland and fertile (cultivable) land (r=0.22674) in 2005 improved to (r=0.75734) in 2012 indicating major shift of fertile land to cropland in seven years interval. On other side, twelve years (1987-1999 and 2000-2011) average maximum temperature difference in Gamo Gafa was increased 0.425oC with standard deviation 0.331. It is statistically significant (t =1.284, alpha=0.10) at 10% level of error. Moreover, the spatial differences in climate change are likely to imply a heterogeneous pattern of land use responses. -
A Multidisciplinary Conference on the Challenges & Opportunities For
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU International Conference on African Center for African Development Policy Development Archives Research Fall 11-12-2009 A Multidisciplinary Conference on the Challenges & Opportunities for Sustainable Development in Ethiopia & the Greater Horn of Africa Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/africancenter_icad_archive Part of the African Studies Commons, Economics Commons, and the Geography Commons WMU ScholarWorks Citation "A Multidisciplinary Conference on the Challenges & Opportunities for Sustainable Development in Ethiopia & the Greater Horn of Africa" (2009). International Conference on African Development Archives. 134. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/africancenter_icad_archive/134 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for African Development Policy Research at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Conference on African Development Archives by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact wmu- [email protected]. Ethiopian Development Studies Association A Multidisciplinary Conference on the Challenges & Opportunities for Sustainable Development in Ethiopia & the Greater Horn of Africa November 12-14, 2009 Adama University, Adama, Ethiopia Adama German Hotel, Adama City, Oromia State, Ethiopia PRELIMINARY CONFERENCE AGENDA DAY 1 – THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 2009 —Arrival of guests at Adama City, Ethiopia 8:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. Registration DAY 2 – FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2009 —Agriculture, Food Security, and Education 8:00 a.m.– 5:00 p.m. Registration 8:00 – 8:30 a.m. Welcoming & Opening Remarks Professor, Dr. Herbert Eichele, President of Adama University Professor, Dr. Sisay Asefa, Conference Chair H. E. Juneydi Sado, Minister of Science & Technology 8:30 – 10:30 a.m. -
Preservice Laboratory Education Strengthening Enhances
Fonjungo et al. Human Resources for Health 2013, 11:56 http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/11/1/56 RESEARCH Open Access Preservice laboratory education strengthening enhances sustainable laboratory workforce in Ethiopia Peter N Fonjungo1,8*, Yenew Kebede1, Wendy Arneson2, Derese Tefera1, Kedir Yimer1, Samuel Kinde3, Meseret Alem4, Waqtola Cheneke5, Habtamu Mitiku6, Endale Tadesse7, Aster Tsegaye3 and Thomas Kenyon1 Abstract Background: There is a severe healthcare workforce shortage in sub Saharan Africa, which threatens achieving the Millennium Development Goals and attaining an AIDS-free generation. The strength of a healthcare system depends on the skills, competencies, values and availability of its workforce. A well-trained and competent laboratory technologist ensures accurate and reliable results for use in prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment of diseases. Methods: An assessment of existing preservice education of five medical laboratory schools, followed by remedial intervention and monitoring was conducted. The remedial interventions included 1) standardizing curriculum and implementation; 2) training faculty staff on pedagogical methods and quality management systems; 3) providing teaching materials; and 4) procuring equipment for teaching laboratories to provide practical skills to complement didactic education. Results: A total of 2,230 undergraduate students from the five universities benefitted from the standardized curriculum. University of Gondar accounted for 252 of 2,230 (11.3%) of the students, Addis Ababa University for 663 (29.7%), Jimma University for 649 (29.1%), Haramaya University for 429 (19.2%) and Hawassa University for 237 (10.6%) of the students. Together the universities graduated 388 and 312 laboratory technologists in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 academic year, respectively. -
Willingness-To-Pay for Protecting Endangered Environments
Willingness-To-Pay for Protecting Endangered Environments Table of Contents SSRR No. 31 1. INTRODUCTION 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 3. RESEARCH DESIGN 4. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS References WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY FOR PROTECTING ENDANGERED ENVIRONMENTS The Case of Nechsar National Park Zewdu Belete Yemesrach Assefa Abstract: Although national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserves are established to conserve biodiversity and enhance eco-tourism, most of the country’s protected areas are under serious threat. The local threats usually arise from human encroachment. To rescue these resources, appropriate conservation strategy must be put in place. This, however, requires proper valuation of the environment. Taking Netchsar National Park as a case, it was tried to measure people’s willingness-to-pay (WTP) to protect the endangered environment and identify its determinants. Using dichotomous choice contingent valuation method (CVM), it was found that the local community is willing to protect the park. The result shows that the means for the WTP are Birr 28.34 and Birr 57.07 per year per household; and its determinants are primary economic activity of the households, dependency ratio and distance from the park. The study suggests that the park management should involve the local community in its conservation endeavour and share the benefits with them. 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Environmental degradation may jeopardize economic development of the world. Rapid population growth, urbanization, increased production and consumption, intensification of agriculture and acceleration of landscape transformation have put serious pressure on the environment. This, inter alia, brings environmental protection into the development agenda. According to World Development Report (World Bank 1992), environmental damage can hamper development in two ways. -
Transhumance Cattle Production System in North Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Is It Sustainable?
WP14_Cover.pdf 2/12/2009 2:21:51 PM www.ipms-ethiopia.org Working Paper No. 14 Transhumance cattle production system in North Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Is it sustainable? C M Y CM MY CY CMY K Transhumance cattle production system in North Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Is it sustainable? Azage Tegegne,* Tesfaye Mengistie, Tesfaye Desalew, Worku Teka and Eshete Dejen Improving Productivity and Market Success (IPMS) of Ethiopian Farmers Project, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia * Corresponding author: [email protected] Authors’ affiliations Azage Tegegne, Improving Productivity and Market Success (IPMS) of Ethiopian Farmers Project, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Tesfaye Mengistie, Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia Tesfaye Desalew, Kutaber woreda Office of Agriculture and Rural Development, Kutaber, South Wello Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia Worku Teka, Research and Development Officer, Metema, Amhara Region, Improving Productivity and Market Success (IPMS) of Ethiopian Farmers Project, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Eshete Dejen, Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute (ARARI), P.O. Box 527, Bahir Dar, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia © 2009 ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute). All rights reserved. Parts of this publication may be reproduced for non-commercial use provided that such reproduction shall be subject to acknowledgement of ILRI as holder of copyright. Editing, design and layout—ILRI Publications Unit, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Correct citation: Azage Tegegne, Tesfaye Mengistie, Tesfaye Desalew, Worku Teka and Eshete Dejen. 2009. Transhumance cattle production system in North Gondar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: Is it sustainable? IPMS (Improving Productivity and Market Success) of Ethiopian Farmers Project. -
The Existing Challenges of Heritage
ACCESS Freely available online rism & OPEN ou H f T o o s l p a i t n a r l i u t y o J Journal of ISSN: 2167-0269 Tourism & Hospitality Research Article The Existing Challenges of Heritage Management in Gondar World Heritage Sites: A Case Study on Fasil Ghebbi and the Baths Shegalem Fekadu Mengstie* Department of History and Heritage Management, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia ABSTRACT Heritage management is an administrative means by which heritage resources are protected from natural and manmade cause of deterioration. The town of Gondar is located in Northwestern Ethiopia and it has outstanding and outstay world cultural heritage resources situated at its hub. However, these stunning properties are threatened with multidimensional heritage management problems. So, the main aim of this paper is to identify the main and existing challenges and show the severity of the problems in comparison with different case studies in the world. It compiled through qualitative research method with descriptive research design. And data were collected through survey, participant observation and photographic documentation and interpretation. The collected data also compiled by qualitative method of data analysis. The main and the existing challenges of Gondar’s world heritage sites, specifically of the Fasil Ghebbi and the baths are plant overgrowth, human activities on the immediate vicinity of the sites (that leads to vibration of the structures and noise disturbance), negligence, visitors pressure, improper conservation, nonexistence or inapplicability of heritage management plan, Lack of tourist follow-up system as a means for deliberate graffiti of heritages, lack of cooperation among the concerned bodies and unavailability of directions and instructions. -
Curriculum Vitae
CURRICULUM VITAE CHERNET BAHRU TESSEMA Date of birth: 09/16/1960 Birth place: GEDO Region: West Shoa Country: Ethiopia 1. EDUCATION • September 1987 – April 1993 - Studied human Anatomy in the University of Leipzig, Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and graduated with PhD degree in Anatomy after defending a dissertation entitled “The structure and structural aging changes in the human coronary sinus”. Awarded specialization certificate in human Anatomy by the Medical council of Saxony after passing board examination • September 1978 - June 1984 - Studied Medicine and graduated with M.D. degree - Addis Ababa University, Gondar College of Medical Sciences (GCMS), • September 1974 – June 1978 - Secondary school attended, Ambo, West Shoa, Ethiopia • September 1972 – June 1974 - Junior secondary school attended, Gedo, West Shoa, Ethiopia • September 1966 – June 1972 - Elementary school attended, Gedo, West Shoa, Ethiopia 2. EXPERIENCES • Since September 2015 – Member of the UND Senate Curriculum committee and departmental medical education committee • Fall 2014 – took over the Gross Anatomy Academic Success Program, which was previously run by Dr. Patrick Carr • Spring 2013 - Developed a new one semester gross anatomy curriculum (Anat513) by merging the previous two semester Anat513 and Anat514 curricula • Since June 2013 – started a mini research project in Carlson lab. on Glomerular capillary remodeling by intussusceptive microangiogenesis in aged (450-day-old) transgenic mice, which is a transmission electron microscopic analysis • Since October 2012 – Associate Graduate Faculty member in University of North Dakota 1 • Since August 2012 – Member of the Basic science curriculum subcommittee, UND SMHS • Since July 2012 – Involved in a research entitled “Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopic Analysis of Glomerular Filtration Barrier in Aged (450 day- old) normal and transgenic mice.” • Since September 2011 - instructor of record for graduate Anatomy (Anat513) • Since July 2011 - involved in research with Dr. -
Ethiopian Cultural Center in Belgium የኢትዮጵያ ባህል ማእከል በቤልጅየም
Ethiopian Cultural Center in Belgium የኢትዮጵያ ባህል ማእከል በቤልጅየም NEWSLETTERS ቁጥር –20 May 23, 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS BRIEF HISTORY OF ETHIOPIA ¨/The Decline of Gondar and Zemene Mesafint PAGE 1-5 አጭር ግጥም ከሎሬት ጸጋዬ ገ/መድህን ገጽ 6 ሳምንታዊ የኮቪድ 19 መረጃ ገጽ 6-7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Brief History of Ethiopia Part 10: The Decline of Gondar and The Zemene Mesafint (The Era of the Princes; 1769 – 1855) For about 200 years, Ethiopia passed through turmoil caused by the aggressiveness of the Muslim states, the far-reaching migrations of the Oromo and the disruptive influence of the Portuguese. These episodes left the empire much weakened andfragmented by the mid-seventeenth century. One result was the emergence of regional lords who are essentially independent of the throne, although in principle subject to it. In this issue of the newsletter, we will briefly describe the major events and decisive characters that shaped the course of Ethiopian history until the rise of Tewodros II in 1855. The Gondar period produced a flowering Indian textile and European furniture. of architecture and art that lasted for more Gondar enjoyed the veritable status of a than a century. For the 18 th century fashion capital to the extent that it was Ethiopian royal chroniclers, Gondar, as a described in the 1840s by two French city, was the first among the cities that captains as the “Paris de l’Abyssinie” fulfilled all desires. Imperial Gondar where ladies and gentlemen wore dresses thrived on war chests, trade and revenue of dazzling whiteness, had good taste, from feudal taxation. -
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Associated Factors
Semunigus et al. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob (2016) 15:50 DOI 10.1186/s12941-016-0165-x Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials RESEARCH Open Access Smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis and associated factors among homeless individuals in Dessie and Debre Birhan towns, Northeast Ethiopia Tsedale Semunigus1, Belay Tessema2, Setegn Eshetie2* and Feleke Moges2 Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the globe’s deadliest communicable diseases. The homeless individu- als are at high risk to acquire TB and multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), because of their poor living conditions and risky behaviors. Tuberculosis and MDR-TB in the homeless individuals can pose a risk to entire communities. However, the magnitude of the problem is not known in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of smear positive pulmonary TB (PTB) and MDR-TB among homeless individuals in Dessie and Debre Birhan towns, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from September 2014 to June 2015. Using an active screening with cough of 2 weeks, 351 TB suspects homeless individuals were participated in this study. Data were collected by using pre-tested≥ and structured questionnaire. Spot-morning-spot sputum sample was collected and examined for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) using fluorescence microscopy by Auramine O staining technique. All AFB positive sputum was further analyzed by GeneXpert for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and rifampicin resistant gene. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to identify factors associated with smear positive PTB and P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. -
Ethiopia: Administrative Map (August 2017)
Ethiopia: Administrative map (August 2017) ERITREA National capital P Erob Tahtay Adiyabo Regional capital Gulomekeda Laelay Adiyabo Mereb Leke Ahferom Red Sea Humera Adigrat ! ! Dalul ! Adwa Ganta Afeshum Aksum Saesie Tsaedaemba Shire Indasilase ! Zonal Capital ! North West TigrayTahtay KoraroTahtay Maychew Eastern Tigray Kafta Humera Laelay Maychew Werei Leke TIGRAY Asgede Tsimbila Central Tigray Hawzen Medebay Zana Koneba Naeder Adet Berahile Region boundary Atsbi Wenberta Western Tigray Kelete Awelallo Welkait Kola Temben Tselemti Degua Temben Mekele Zone boundary Tanqua Abergele P Zone 2 (Kilbet Rasu) Tsegede Tselemt Mekele Town Special Enderta Afdera Addi Arekay South East Ab Ala Tsegede Mirab Armacho Beyeda Woreda boundary Debark Erebti SUDAN Hintalo Wejirat Saharti Samre Tach Armacho Abergele Sanja ! Dabat Janamora Megale Bidu Alaje Sahla Addis Ababa Ziquala Maychew ! Wegera Metema Lay Armacho Wag Himra Endamehoni Raya Azebo North Gondar Gonder ! Sekota Teru Afar Chilga Southern Tigray Gonder City Adm. Yalo East Belesa Ofla West Belesa Kurri Dehana Dembia Gonder Zuria Alamata Gaz Gibla Zone 4 (Fantana Rasu ) Elidar Amhara Gelegu Quara ! Takusa Ebenat Gulina Bugna Awra Libo Kemkem Kobo Gidan Lasta Benishangul Gumuz North Wello AFAR Alfa Zone 1(Awsi Rasu) Debre Tabor Ewa ! Fogera Farta Lay Gayint Semera Meket Guba Lafto DPubti DJIBOUTI Jawi South Gondar Dire Dawa Semen Achefer East Esite Chifra Bahir Dar Wadla Delanta Habru Asayita P Tach Gayint ! Bahir Dar City Adm. Aysaita Guba AMHARA Dera Ambasel Debub Achefer Bahirdar Zuria Dawunt Worebabu Gambela Dangura West Esite Gulf of Aden Mecha Adaa'r Mile Pawe Special Simada Thehulederie Kutaber Dangila Yilmana Densa Afambo Mekdela Tenta Awi Dessie Bati Hulet Ej Enese ! Hareri Sayint Dessie City Adm. -
Reactive Monitoring Mission to Simien Mountains National Park Ethiopia
Joint World Heritage Centre – IUCN Monitoring Mission to Simien Mountains National Park World Heritage Property MISSION REPORT Reactive Monitoring Mission to Simien Mountains National Park Ethiopia 10 – 17 May 2006 Guy Debonnet (UNESCO) Lota Melamari (IUCN) Bastian Bomhard (IUCN) July 2006 1 Executive Summary The World Heritage Committee requested at its 29th session (Durban, 2004) a joint UNESCO/IUCN monitoring mission to Simien Mountains National Park to assess the state of conservation of the property and progress towards achieving the 4 benchmarks set by the World Heritage Committee at its 25th session to guide the removal of the property from the List of World Heritage in Danger. The mission took place 10 – 17 May 2006. This joint mission report summarizes the mission’s key findings on current conservation and management issues at the property. It includes detailed recommendations regarding the benchmarks set by the Committee, including a proposal for 4 revised benchmarks, and other recommendations to improve the conservation and management of the property. The mission found that substantial progress has been made towards the benchmarks 1, 2 and 4 set by the Committee at its 25th session. At the same time, the mission concluded that it is imperative to finalize the park boundary changes and to legalize them through a re- gazetment of Simien Mountains National Park. The mission also noted that benchmark 3 was not achieved and will not be achieved in the near future. The mission concluded that in spite of the progress made since 2001, the threats to the values for which the property was inscribed on the World Heritage List have not yet been resolved. -
Nazareth College & Visions Global Empowerment Ethiopia Service-Learning Trip Itinerary December 29Th, 2019 – January 11Th
Nazareth College & Visions Global Empowerment Ethiopia Service-Learning Trip Itinerary December 29th, 2019 – January 11th, 2020 Addis Ababa * Awassa * Arba Minch DAY 1 Sunday, December 29th USA à Addis Ababa § Group departure from Toronto to Ethiopia at 10:00am on Ethiopian Airlines DAY 2 Monday, December 30th Addis Ababa § Group arrival at 7:00am at Addis Ababa - Ethiopia’s capital city • Upon arrival, Visions Trip Lead will meet group and transfer everyone by private vehicle to hotel for check-in § Brief welcome and orientation upon arrival § Potential sightseeing around Addis Ababa, including visit to Mount Entoto, National Museum of Ethiopia and other sites (time permitting) § Rest & overnight at Addissinia Hotel or comparable DAY 3 Tuesday, December 31st Addis Ababa § Spend the day conducting learning games & activities with Deaf children attending a Visions- sponsored “early learners” classroom at Menelik School in Addis Ababa DAY 4 Wednesday, January 1st Addis Ababa à Awassa § Drive to the city of Awassa (also known as “Hawassa”) – the capital of the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Region – about a 4-hour drive south of Addis Ababa o We will be joined for the next week by 2-4 Visions Ethiopia staff from Bahir Dar, another project site in the Amhara Region of the country § Visions Ethiopia staff (Deaf teachers & Interpreters) will give an “Introduction to Ethiopian Sign Language and Amharic” tutorial § Conduct group planning and prep work at the hotel for the next several days of service work § Overnight at Haile Resort