english itransporte edition T ransport engineering&consultancy magazine www.ineco.com 49 oct 2013 | jan 2014
intermodal corridors Linking oceans kuwait international airport master plan KIA, desert hawk interview Fawaz A. Al-Farah President of Civil Aviation of Kuwait mediterranean corridor The new Via Augusta HS2/high speed in the united kingdom Queen Victoria’s dream railway communications SPRING: a model for good signals
brand spain Automotive: a high-powered engine MUPI_DERECHOS_120X176_2:m 17/12/12 12:27 Página 1
Eduardo. Editorial Age40 años. 40. CustomerAtención al Service. Usuario.
EduardoEduardo ises one uno of de the los professionals profesionales who que worktrabajan for theen la NationalAgencia Air Estatal Safety de Agency Seguridad (AESA) Aérea, defending (AESA), yourprotegiendo rights and tus watchingderechos outy velando for your por safety. tu seguridad.
ThanksGracias to a him él, yand a muchos many others como like él, sihim, lo you necesitas, can getpuedes informed informarte about de yourlos derechos rights as que a tepassenger asisten como if youpasajero need en to, caso in the de: event of: oday we face a time of needed change in which innovation, competitiveness and l Flight cancellations, delays or denied boarding. • Cancelación, retraso o denegación de embarque. flexibility are keys to survival. Globalization is now a reality. Emerging countries have l Baggage loss or damage. • Por pérdida o deterioro de equipaje. been steadily gaining undisputed prominence in the world order for some years. l Special needs for persons with disabilities • Asisten cia a personas con discapacidad From South-East Asia and Latin America to the Middle East and Africa, the significant andy movilidad reduced reducida. mobility. increase in economic activity is creating urgent demand for new infrastructure l Changing class. • Cambio de clase. and modern and effective transport systems capable of meeting their needs for l Filing claims and complaints. • Tramitación de reclamaciones y denuncias. development and mobility. For more information, visit The challenge is great, but so are the opportunities. Our organisation is honed to Máswww.estoesfomento.es información en the reality of an increasingly international business, which is reflected in our new www.estoesfomento.es corporate image. We have the skill to offer the finest solutions to our domestic and Tinternational clients. The human resources and experience that we have amassed through over 40 years developing infrastructure in Spain are now the backbone and engine for developing and expanding our company. Ineco’s rail, aeronautical and road projects enjoy the added value of our specialisation in air navigation systems, electromechanics and rolling stock, signalling and communications, structures, architecture and unique works, transport economics, planning and the environment and information technologies. Our recent projects in the Mediterranean Corridor for the Ministry of Public Works, the Master Plan for Kuwait International Airport and projects in Mexico, Colombia, Nicaragua and Brazil, explained in detail on these pages, are a testament to our company’s determination to put the expertise of our specialists at our clients’ disposal throughout an infrastructure’s whole life cycle. The value of an engineering company lies in its knowledge. Ineco contributes experience not only in the planning and design phase, but also in operations and maintenance. This experience has crystallised into solid teams specialised in elaborating strategic plans in which feasibility studies, featuring intermodal solutions and designs enriched through learning, weave a rich tapestry of connectivity that stimulates sustainable local development. One example of this is the bi-oceanic corridors and their role in Latin America, a crucial matter and the subject of an extensive report in this issue. We hope that you enjoy the content.
Berta Barrero General Director of Strategy and Corporate Services
3 Contents 17th World Meeting & Exhibition The Premier Event for Transportation Professionals in 2013
Hosted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The Spanish Road Association organizes the national participation 14 International airport master plan • More than 50 technical papers Desert hawk Kuwait airport has embarked on the biggest expansion in its history and has 2 • A Spanish stand of 228 m including a dozen organizations entrusted Ineco not only with the project management of the works, but also to • Special conditions in registration fees for Spanish delegates revise and update their master plan.
06 | news 24 | hs2 / high speed 44 | colombian airport Ineco to supervise the preparation of in the united kingdom santiago vila Ecuador’s first National Water Plan Queen Victoria’s dream Numbers and flowers New trains for the São Paulo metro 28 | Mediterranean Corridor 48 | brand spain Visit Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 08 | intermodal The new Via Augusta Automotive: a high-powered engine at corridors 34 | Port of valencia Spanish Pavillion November 10 - 14, 2013 Linking oceans Waterways 20 | interview | fawaz a. al-farah Published by INECO 36 | caracas metro Paseo de La Habana, 138 -28036 Madrid President of Civil Aviation of Kuwait: First, line 1 Tel. (+34) 91 452 12 56 “Airport development will www.revistaitransporte.com enhance the position of Kuwait 40 | Railway Editor-in-Chief: BÁRBARA JIMÉNEZ-ALFARO in the region” communications ([email protected]) SPRING: a model Editorial Staff: LIDIA AMIGO ([email protected]) 22 | Bridge monitoring Editorial Board: José Anguita, for good signals José Luis Antón, José Ángel Higueras, in mexico Violeta Larrad, José Mª Llorente, Into the depths of the ‘Infiernillo’ 42 | rodoanel MÁRIO COVAS Beatriz Millón, José Luis Ramírez (são paulo) Design:ESPACIO28004 / Mariano Serrano, Juanjo Jiménez Coming full circle Printed by: Gráficas 82 Legal Deposit: M-26791-2007 Spain, once more, a world reference Cover IMAGE: Intermodal corridors ©Ineco. All rights reserved 2013. If you wish to reprint in the road sector AUThOR: MERçÈ LÓPEZ the articles, please contact the Editor-in-Chief. For further information: +34 91 577 99 72 or [email protected] 5
New Ineco branch With the inauguration of an office in Singapore, Asia News the company hopes to better serve its customers in Asia and Oceania. At the helm will be Alberto Fernández, an aeronautical engineer with a master in international project management. Ineco is thus strengthening its presence in a region with great potential for infrastructure and seeks to improve its ongoing work in Singapore itself, as well as in the Philippines, Nepal and India.
Egypt Brazil Ecuador Oman In collaboration with CEDEX Ineco to supervise the preparation of Ecuador’s first National Water Plan lo u a P o Sã de
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ador u c erno v A), E Go / GU (SENA ndrade a A
CAF has manufactured trains io g Egyptian railways are Agu Design of flight for other metro and commuter er del brought up to speed rail lines in São Paulo; such as : S procedures
this one, delivered in 2011. oto Egypt’s Ministry of Transport and h The Sultanate of Oman is to receive p acional
Egyptian National Railways (ENR) N instrument flight procedures and a will receive the cooperation of Ineco, Extension of Line 5 í approach charts designed and validated Renfe and Adif in improving their New trains for the São Paulo metro by Ineco and Aena Internacional. railway safety management. The ecretar Oman has two international airports, contract includes collaboration ntil 2016, Ineco, along with its local things, in the country’s biggest road Muscat (shown in the photo above) hOTO: S hOTO: in activities such as training staff partner EBEI, will be in charge of project, likewise in São Paulo: completing p and Salalah, as well as four regional in key positions, determining the Usupervising the project, design and the city’s ring road, the North Section ccording to the Ecuadorian of Public Works, will be in charge for airports. The work includes designing criteria for defining the preparation commissioning for 26 new trains as part of the Rodoanel Mário Covas (see pages government it is “one of the most the next two and a half years of the the procedures, performing validation of workshops and traffic control of the extension of line 5 of the São Paulo 42 and 43).« Aambitious projects that this country technical and methodological support flights and several training sessions in centres, the new level crossing metro. The trains will be built by the will take on”. This marks the first time that for studies needed to execute the plan. Spain for the technical and managing regulations and implementing the Spanish firm CAF. Line 5, opened in 2002, a “comprehensive” national plan to optimise Ecuador has 31 hydrological systems, staff of the Public Authority for Civil main technical standards. It also is currently being extended 12 kilometres. Italy the distribution, use and conservation of spread throughout both sides of the Aviation (PACA) of Oman. involves improving operational safety In addition to the construction work, the Safety in Fiumicino Ecuador’s hydrological resources will be Andes mountain range, which makes the This contract will be extended until late procedures and rolling stock as well project involves the purchase of new Ineco and its local partner One Works, is made. Ineco, with the cooperation of the distribution of water resources irregular. 2015 and joins other Ineco projects in as the development of a plan of action rolling stock, as well as communication rendering technical assistance services for Centre of Studies and Experimentation of In addition to this, it has a tropical climate Oman, such as a study on navigation for train drivers. This cooperation systems and equipment, signalling airport safety to the Italian airport Leonardo Public Works, part of the Spanish Ministry and is flood and drought-prone.« easements for the new control tower agreement is the result of an accord systems, etc. The work is being financed da Vinci-Fiumicino, in Rome. The airport in Muscat and a location study and between Spain and Egypt as part of with funds from the State government, the handles nearly 40 million passengers per Solidarity train Master Plan for the future Musandam a twinning programme run by the Inter-American Development Bank and year and has four terminals, making it the Ineco is also involved in social responsibility project run by the CODESPA Foundation to Airport. These projects are part of European Commission.« the International Bank for Reconstruction most important airport in the country. After launch a tourist train in the province of Imbambura. The company signed an agreement the airport network’s expansion and and Development (IBRD). Ineco, which studying and analysing safety procedures, the with CODESPA in June 2013 and supports the project through the “Euro for Solidarity” modernisation process which has been working in Brazil for over 20 company is conducting a risk assessment for programme, which consists of matching the voluntary contributions made by employees. the Sultanate has embarked upon in years, is also participating, among other the airport manager (Aeroporti di Roma) that The tourist train will benefit 169 underprivileged families. recent years.« includes simulations.
6 7 CONSULTANCY | LATIN AMERICA | Bi-oceanic intermodal corridors Linking oceans Latin America seeks coast-to-coast transport solutions
By Francisco Javier Vilches and Juan Ramón Hernández Barrera, civil engineers
The creation of routes between now, in order to secure a steady supply of allowing direct maritime transit between » the Pacific and Atlantic oceans to cereal, wood, minerals and fuel. For that Europe and Asia without the need to cir- matter, exportation is the bedrock of the cumnavigate Africa. 45 years later, ships connect the ports on both coasts Chinese economy. traversing the risky passages of the strait is a recurring theme among the of Magellan and the Beagle canal found countries of the American continent The might of China similar relief with the opening of the Pan- China is the greatest exporter and sec- ama canal in 1914, a project controlled by due to its potential impact on world ond largest importer of goods in the world, the United States and which now, under trade. Ineco has worked on a series so controlling trade routes has decisive the management of Panama, is in the of studies and projects in both the strategic importance. To guarantee the process of expansion. The significance South and Central America, where foundations of their economies, countries of the Panama canal to world maritime such as China seek new, more efficient trade is exemplified by the acceptance of alternatives to the Panama canal and manageable transport routes, allow- the Panamax, the maximum size of a ship are sought. ing them to import and export their prod- capable of crossing the Panama canal, as ucts throughout the world’s continents the manufacturing standard for a large he economic growth of Asian nations and particularly through the passages part of the merchant fleet for several has changed the map of world trade. between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans decades.» TThere is evidence of this in the fact (Panama) and the Mediterranean and Red that nine of the ten largest sea ports in Seas (Suez). The opening of a new the world are located in China, Singapore, The opening of a new interoceanic cor- interoceanic corridor South Korea and the United Arab Emir- ridor in Latin America would bring about ates. These countries’ interest in control- a profound transformation of maritime would bring about a ling the main interoceanic routes stems trade. This is not a new concept. The profound transformation from two main issues: the need to connect opening of the Suez canal in 1869, fi- of maritime trade, their ports with the big producers of raw nanced by France and Egypt, had an as happened with Suez materials and petrol in South America unprecedented impact on world trade, and Panama (such as Brazil or Venezuela) and Africa, and the need to facilitate trade routes Maritime container traffic with the East Coast of the United States, TEU: twenty-foot equivalent units (standard container size)
Canada and Western Europe, all potential 600 (million TEU) markets with high purchasing power to 572,207,570 which their manufactured goods can be 550 exported. 541,911,221 500 515,936,604 The example of China illustrates this z 489,818,309 471,991,510 pe phenomenon of attraction and genera- 450 bank tion of goods in the Asian region. With over çè Ló d
416,751,971 er 1,300 million inhabitants and economic 400 : M
growth rates approaching 10% in the last 376,268,146 worl on : 350 i decade, China has been purchasing land 338,433,750 in countries such as Nigeria, Australia, 300 source
Kazakhstan and Brazil for some years llustrat 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 (year) i
8 9 P araGUAY brazil North Trans-Andean Paraguay Paraná River River São Paulo Antofagasta Salta Asia wishes to control the main interoceanic routes Santos Curitiba to connect its ports to producers of raw materials and oil Trans-Andean Railway Corridors Resistencia Tucumán in South America and Africa and to facilitate trade routes Corrientes Aconcagua Deán Funes Santa María with the United States, Canada and Western Europe Bi-oceanic Corridor Santa Fe Trans-Andean Train San Juan Salto Atlantic Ocean Córdoba Ventana Mendoza uruguay Valparaíso Rosario Los Andes Zárate San Antonio Santiago Buenos Central Trans-Andean Aires Talcahuano argentina
Concepción Pacific Ocean Zapata Bahía Blanca chile Patagonian Trans-Andean
Today, however, the Panama canal is Ineco prepared the feasibility study for nal even after the expansion is completed. can claim to be a realistic alternative to Latin America’s challenge » saturated and the need to allow larger the dry canal, analysing and sizing the rail The size cap on these ships, contrary to the canal. This reasoning is what led the In Central and South America the increasingly required by public ships through led to the decision to ex- and intermodal infrastructures needed what one might expect, is not due to depth Japanese in the 1980s to finance a land- aim of a bi-oceanic corridor has been institutions, particularly by multilateral pand it in 2007. A consortium headed by for the project to be viable. but rather breadth, which is limited to 55 bridge across the United States, investing a persistent challenge. organisations requiring environmental Spanish construction firm Sacyr Valle- metres by the size of the future locks of Many countries wish to have one. and social studies that ensure project hermoso is responsible for expanding Dry canals or ‘landbridges’ the canal (as opposed to the current limit Mexico, Nicaragua, Guatemala, sustainability. the canal, a mammoth task that should Over a century ago, sea canals revolution- of 33 metres). El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica and be completed by 2015. The expansion will ised the worldwide transport of goods, but In addition to this drawback, there is Colombia are all studying maritime, Governments include, as part of increase the size limit on ships crossing their cost and volume limitations also cre- also an operability problem and thus a rail and road connections between their their strategic plans, safe, integrated the canal. Transit capacity will likewise ated bottlenecks for international trade. problem of transit time. Expanding the Pacific and Caribbean ports. and interconnected multimodal see a significant boost by allowing the elephantine canal is an arduous proposi- In the Southern hemisphere, Argentina simultaneous passage of two ‘New Pan- tion, making it difficult to adapt to chang- and Chile have been working for years amax’ ships in either direction. ing conditions. The total length of the Panama canal is 82 kilometres. According Bi-oceanic Aconcagua corridor. Alternatives to the Panama canal to Port Authority statistics, in 2008 ships Other Latin American countries are now took about 13 hours to get from the first considering the construction of intero- lock to the last. Real transit time, how- ceanic corridors as an alternative to the ever –including the approach to the canal, Panama canal. Nicaragua is revisiting its waiting time before crossing, paperwork, The Panama canal’s old aspirations of having a canal or rail etc.– was 35 hours. From 2008 to 2013 fees have risen in recent link for transporting containers between this transit time has increased, but it is years, and they are the ports on each of its coasts. This pro- expected that once the canal expansion expected to continue on a bi-oceanic corridor through the ject was recommended as early as the works are complete it will drop to about province of Mendoza. The remaining late 19th century by American engineers 30 hours. rising to amortise countries, such as Bolivia, Peru and as an alternative to the Panama canal, the massive investment Brazil, continue to invest in new in view of the great difficulties encoun- Many Latin American A matter of cost in the expansion railways and roads to link the two tered in the canal’s construction (it is countries are currently In addition to the technical limitations of coasts. estimated that about 27,000 people died studying the possibility the canal and the limits on capacity, cost The infrastructure’s design must in the nearly 45-year-long construction of building interoceanic is another crucial factor when selecting in the renewal of railway infrastructure respect the environment and will have transport systems with smart of the canal). corridors to provide a route. The Panama canal’s fees have between the ports of the Pacific Coast to overcome some substantial physical solutions that use national sources The Nicaraguan interoceanic corridor risen sharply in the last few years and (Los Angeles) and the Gulf of Mexico to obstacles. Nothing less than the Andes of energy. To accomplish this, they study contemplates two possibilities. an alternative to the they are expected to continue rising in allow for more efficient and higher-ca- mountains, the Amazon rainforest, need an organisation for the domestic One would be a wet canal joining the Panama canal order to amortise the massive investment pacity double-stack container platforms volcanic regions and the plateau stand promotion of industrial development, Pacific and Caribbean coasts via a large in the expansion. so as to export their products to the US between one coast and the other. bringing public and private sector waterway, taking advantage of the exist- The combination of these factors East Coast. In the Middle East, similar The tropical climate and protection efforts together. Financing is a key ence of the Great Lake of Nicaragua. The One of the main limitations of the Pan- means that shipping companies are alternatives to the Suez canal are under of biodiversity are other issues to element and the main hurdle. It is other would be a dry canal, joining the ama canal is the size of the ships that constantly looking for faster alternative consideration.« consider when seeking to erect closely related to political stability.« two coasts with a rail line and an oil pipe can travel through it. Large container routes with lower costs, which is seen infrastructure in this region. Complex between the two main ports (Corinto and ships such as Maersk Class E and Triple by neighbouring countries as a great engineering studies and cutting-edge Monkey Point), which would allow goods E ships, with capacities of up to 18,000 business opportunity if they are able to technology are required. Environmental to be shuttled between the two coasts. TEU, will be too large to traverse the ca- successfully implement a project that protection is a key aspect and is
10 11 Ineco has been preparing technical, economic and financial honduras feasibility studies in South America for years, including studies Multimodal Rail Corridor Corinto-Monkey Point on demand, defining the financial structure, environmental nicaragua Panamerican Highway impact, alignment, port access, logistical centres and the design Caribbean Sea Panchito Airport and construction of tunnels and viaducts Port Multimodal of Corinto ✈ Managua Logistics Platform Lake of Managua Managua ✈ Pacific Ocean Railway Port of Monkey Point Airport Augusto César Nicaragua Lake Sandino
The importance of logistics costa rica Ineco’s experience Our experience in Nicaragua Libertadores, Colombia and Costa Rica Building this monumental interoceanic Panamerican highway. The total length of neco has collaborated for 25 years de Jujuy and La Quiaca, a town on the In Costa Rica, in 1999, the firm prepared the multimodal logistics platform of transport infrastructure does not, in the infrastructure would exceed 25,000 on different interoceanic connection border with Bolivia at an altitude of 3,442 the feasibility study for the railway Managua. and of itself, guarantee the economic kilometres, stretching along nearly the Iprojects in Latin America. One example metres. This project was financed by the network concession project for Renfe. Ineco focused its studies on the and social development of a country. It entire American continent, from Buenos is the work performed in the 90s on the Andean Development Corporation. It is 10 years later, in 2009-2010, technical region’s area of influence and its is also necessary to invest in developing Aires to Alaska. Libertadores corridor in the Southern still in progress. assistance was provided for the current socioeconomic variables. To define the logistical infrastructure with which to Cone, in which Ineco participated along and future development of the national most appropriate transport system provide added value to the goods passing This logistics platform associated with with the Spanish rail operator Renfe. The When Colombia, years later, was also rail system. These studies ultimately led and its cost, financial and operational through and increase economic activity the landbridge in Nicaragua would project contemplated the creation of four considering the option of creating an to the National Transport Plan in 2010- calculations were performed for each and jobs. Otherwise, the infrastructure enjoy a privileged location within the large corridors involving seven countries 2012, which encompassed all modes, mode. Comparative analysis allows becomes a mere toll collection point great East-West sea trade routes of in the region, linked by an international including air transport. This is a global the cost of transport for each tonne that does not act as a tool for developing the world, known as Round the World railway network some 16,000 kilometres study with a planning horizon of 2035 that of goods to be estimated, depending the region beyond generating some routes. Furthermore, it would be right long. In many cases, the stretches on prioritises actions according to transport on their presentation and the mode of considerable revenue. next to the Panamerican highway, the some lines were the only transport mode, with proposals for financing them. transport used. Demand and modelling backbone of the American continent alternative available and therefore an As a result of this, the country will have studies allow forecasts to be made and The feasibility study of the Corinto- running North-South. The Nicaragua indispensable means for integrating and a network grid in which the ports of logistical and transport needs to be Monkey Point Multimodal Railway Multimodal Platform would therefore be connecting the territory. Caldera in the Pacific and Limón in the assessed, including for operation and Corridor prepared by Ineco for the in a strategic position to become a great Caribbean will be linked. maintenance. The engineering studies Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure Central American logistical centre. This is At the time, the concept of intermodal of Nicaragua, as well as the construction just one of the many studies on logistics transport and ‘containerisation’ was In 2013, Ineco completed a feasibility The demand and of the landbridge, included the building of and intermodality that Ineco has done in already being developed as a basic study for the government of Nicaragua modelling studies allow a multimodal logistics platform near the recent years. strategy for the future, opening a path on the Corinto–Monkey Point Multimodal forecasts to be made and city of Managua with a link to the railway to the sea for landlocked countries such Railway Corridor. Its main objective logistical and transport landbridge, Panchito airport and the as Bolivia and Paraguay. The name of was to identify the most suitable and needs to be assessed, the project made reference to the Los interoceanic corridor, Ineco prepared a profitable intermodal transport system including for operation Environmental contract Libertadores passage crossing –also study on freight transport for dispatching for attracting international traffic, and maintenance known as Cristo Redentor– on the extracted minerals. linking the Pacific and Caribbean ports Bolivia hires Ineco for the bi-oceanic corridor Argentina-Chile border in the Andes In 1992, the company carried out the pre- with a logistics centre in Managua. Ineco is performing the environmental mountain range. Libertadores envisaged feasibility study for the Central American This project sought to convert a Brazil assessment for the central bi-oceanic the construction of railway tunnels 23 railway network, financed by the Ministry 486-kilometre-long multimodal and the design of the infrastructure railway corridor. The work, awarded by the PerU kilometres in length at 2,500 metres of Public Works and Transport of Spain. railway corridor into an alternative also allow investment costs to be Bolivia Vice-Minister of Transport and financed above sea level. This is a macroproject The study diagnosed the state of Central to the Panama canal by providing the anticipated, particularly considering the by the Inter-American Development Bank, that seeks an alternative to the slow American railways and examined the possibility of landbridge operations complex terrain. involves the early assessment of the La Paz and saturated road traffic on the border supply and demand of other modes between the Pacific and the Atlantic. It Recently, Ineco signed a contract for a environmental impact of the corridor, which Cochabamba Puerto Ilo Oruro Santa Cruz and the continual closures to traffic of transport. Different actions were was also meant to transform Nicaragua strategic environmental assessment of has 1,800 km of track. The main objective Suárez during winter snowstorms. As part of proposed to create a Central American into the main logistics and distribution the central bi-oceanic corridor linking of the work is to promote the correct chile this corridor, in 2007, Ineco prepared the railway network and the pre-feasibility of node for goods in Central America, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil.« environmental and land-use decisions from Paraguay studies for renovating a 298-kilometre a potential landbridge in the region was following the construction of two large the initial planning phases onward. Argentine rail line between Salvador determined. and important ports in the region and argentina
12 13 AERONAUTICAL | KUWAIT | International airport master plan Desert hawk Kuwait airport is being revamped in the face of higher than expected growth
With the collaboration of Miguel de Bernardo, project manager, and Pablo Fuente, aeronautical engineers
Amiri terminal.
Ineco-KUD team with Mona-Al Mutairi (center), DGCA’s project manager. Inside the Kuwait airport terminal. » Kuwait airport has embarked on the volume had already reached 8.5 million The result is a new document, the 2012 Evolution of traffic volume forecasted in the 2012 Master Plan biggest expansion in its history and passengers in 2011, four years ahead of Master Plan, which, while serving to struc- the forecast made in the previous master ture KIA’s growth until 2040, will also in- has entrusted Ineco not only with plan, approved in 2005. clude the intermediate time horizons of the project management of the works, That same year the DGCA hired Ineco 2020 and 2030. The plan is supplemented by 2012 | 8,9 million but also to revise and update their to carry out the project management ten detailed studies on different issues (see of the biggest expansion in the airport’s master plan, which forecasts 2020 history, which will continue into 2016. The 2012 Master Plan | 11,3 million the airport’s expansion needs for Among the most remarkable works are the next three decades. the construction of a third runway, a new provides a framework air cargo area known as Cargo City and to guide KIA’s growth t is the only civilian airport in the coun- a second terminal building designed by until 2040 2030 | try and is located at the geographic the architectural firm Foster & Partners, 17,4 million Icrossroads of three continents: Europe, at 700,000 m2 one of the largest in the inset) such as business development op- Asia and Africa. Kuwait International Air- world. The rapid growth of traffic has portunities, immediate improvements to the port (KIA) has become too small for a de- meant a comprehensive revision of the existing terminal, the development of Cargo mand that will triple in the coming years 2005 Master Plan is needed, a task the City and even a location study for a future 2040 | to reach 25 million passengers annually DGCA has likewise entrusted to Ineco second airport in Kuwait with four runways by 2040. According to the DGCA, Kuwait’s and its local partner KUD (Kuwait United and capacity for 100 million passengers and 25,0 million Directorate General of Civil Aviation, traffic Development). 15 million tonnes of cargo annually.«
What is a master plan? Supplementary studies n A master plan is a document that documents that require updating whenever n Strategic air transport study sets out the short, medium and long- there are substantial changes that affect n Study on investment opportunities term requirements of an airport until the development of the airport, such as in at KIA what the ICAO (International Civil the case of KIA. n Obstacle Limitation Surfaces (OLS) Aviation Organization) calls its “ultimate n Ineco has a great deal of experience: the study development”. While they compile and firm has worked with Aena, the Spanish n Strategic Environmental Assessment comprehensively analyse all aspects airport operator, for over a decade on the of KIA Master Plan 2012 affecting airport activities, including development and updating of the plans n Survey of the existing electrical environmental and non-aeronautical for its 47 airports. This experience has network and proposals for the future issues, master plans are not detailed also been applied internationally with n Air navigation study studies but rather overall planning the master plans for Sangster Airport in n Ground access study instruments that aim to set the course Jamaica (2009) or the Colombian airports n Cargo City development study for an airport’s future growth so that at Barranquilla (2008), Cali (2010) and n Recommendations for enhancing it happens in an orderly and efficient Cartagena (2013). Also this year, Ineco has the existing passenger terminal manner. drawn up plans for 12 Mexican airports, as n Kuwait second far future airport n While they start with a “snapshot”, well as those of San Vicente, Praia, Sal and location study master plans are, by definition, dynamic Boa Vista in Cape Verde. Aerial view of the existing Kuwait airport terminal.
14 15 » The starting point for properly planning airport the airport today N All current facilities are concentrated in growth in the short, medium and long terms the area between the two parallel runways, including the existing terminal, which is are traffic forecasts; these have been updated already running over capacity. using the most modern calculation methods
Cargo area Ground control tower
West runway A bird’s eye view Existing terminal KIA is located in Farwaniyah, 16 runways (one 3,400 metres long and the two runways, and a ground control Main control tower kilometres south of the capital, Kuwait the other 3,500 metres long), 11 aircraft tower, located on top of the existing City. It began operation in 1961, parking aprons, a passenger terminal, passenger terminal building. There are coinciding with the country’s declaration a general aviation terminal opened in two radar facilities, one of which is not of independence. The airport is managed 2008, a military area and a restricted yet in operation. The airport also has Military area by the DGCA and is the base of operations access area reserved for the Emir, the a category I ILS (Instrument Landing Amiri terminal for the two major domestic airlines: head of State, where Amiri terminal is System). In addition to the two existing fire East runway Kuwait Airways and Jazeera Airways. located. KIA has two control towers: a stations, two new ones are now nearing Other airlines from neighbouring main control tower, situated between completion.« countries, such as Emirates, Qatar KUWAIT INTERNATIONAL Airport (KIA) Airways, Etihad, Saudi Arabian, Gulf Air 2040 and Oman Air, also operate at KIA. The Improvements to the existing terminal
Kuwaiti airline Wataniya Airways, which The current terminal building, in the for which it was designed. During the N ceased operations in 2011, announced shape of a plane, was designed in 1979 by preparation of the 2012 Master Plan, its intention to resume activity in 2013. the renowned Japanese architect Kenzo several aspects of the terminal that could New military area KIA’s main competitors are the airports of Tange; it had to be rebuilt in 1991 after be improved were detected, mainly related these neighbouring countries, including the Iraqi invasion. Since the terminal to waiting times at security controls and Third runway Doha, Dubai and Abu Dhabi. handles about 9 million passengers a check-in areas and deficiencies in the KIA currently has a system of two parallel year, it has already exceeded the capacity baggage handling system.« Cargo City New west ATC control tower The future is in the data: air traffic forecasts Cargo tunnel n How do we know how much passenger obtain projections of the airport’s future volume will increase in the next 10 or 20 development. The most likely scenario, and years? What about the increase in cargo the focus of the master plan’s proposals, is volume? If the country continues to grow the “base” or intermediate scenario, which West runway as a business centre, how will the number returns a figure of 11.3 million passengers of private jets (general aviation) landing in 2020, 17.4 million passengers in 2030 at or taking off from the airport evolve? and 25 million passengers by 2040. What are the chances that new airlines will n The statistics have been studied choose KIA as a base? The answers to these according to types of traffic; for example, Existing terminal (T1) questions are the starting point for deciding Bombardier Aerospace forecasts were East ATC control tower what the airport will need to maintain an taken into account for the general aviation optimal level of service and when it will sector. They estimate fleet growth as a New terminal (T2) n This approach uses current traffic data need it. This is why air traffic forecasts are function of the economic development East runway made. In KIA’s case, three possible demand and an econometric model that takes calculated by the International Monetary scenarios have been taken into account: different variables into account –from Fund in the whole Arabian Gulf region. ... AND THE low, high and “base” for the main time the country’s GDP to airline results, as Cargo is also trending upward, according to FUTURE AIRPORT horizons of 2020, 2030 and 2040. well as data specific to the airport– to the ICAO forecasts for the region. Land use plan for 2040
16 17 The master plan takes the expansion projects already under way into account: the third runway, the new ATC control tower and the Cargo City, as well as the T2, which is executed through the Ministry of Public Works
Air cargo. Proposal for a “green belt” to protect against frequent View of the airfield and a passenger boarding bridge. sandstorms. An expansion ongoing IN ECO IS MANAGING Once the traffic forecasts have been drawn facilities (aprons, car parks, taxiways anticipated that two new metro stations, THE EXPANSION WORKS up, the next step is to “translate” them and so on), as well as the new military one in each terminal, connecting the Since 2011, Ineco has also been in charge into facilities and equipment required to area, are scheduled for completion airport with the city center, will be ready of the KIA expansion project management, handle the expected demand. To do this, between 2013 and 2020. Another major by the same date. A vital concern is which includes the new T2, designed by Ineco considered all the projects and project currently in progress is Cargo how to reduce the congestion that T1 is Norman Foster’s studio. works that are already in progress in this City. The third runway will mainly serve already suffering, which will continue most ambitious expansion the airport has the traffic generated by the military and until T2 is operational. The master plan ever known, also directed and coordinated cargo facilities, focusing the other two, proposes two solutions for this interim by Ineco since 2011. From the planning which will be extended and overlaid for period, each with several alternatives: perspective, work will focus on two time commercial passenger traffic. It is also either to build a small support terminal horizons: 2020 and 2040. The master plan or to expand the existing building.« considers different scenarios that revolve around three major projects: the T2, which 2040, horizon of the master plan is executed through the Ministry of Public 2040 is the planning horizon for with traffic peaks generated by the Works; the third runway (both already the master plan. By then, KIA will annual pilgrimage to Makkah. It is artners under way), and the construction of the be operating with three runways, also anticipated that, by 2040, KIA will &P new ATC control tower, which is necessary two towers and the new T2. The be linked to the future Kuwaiti rail
oster for the future enlarged airfield. existing terminal would be used for network, currently in the feasibility
: F These three tasks and all associated specific purposes, such as dealing study phase.« mage I
The rise of air transport in More proposals from the 2012 Master Plan Plan, behind the scenes Kuwait, as in other countries in n Alternative locations for the general how KIA could look beyond the long n To have updated information, an the surrounding area, is supported aviation terminal. term planning horizon: it estimates that aerial survey was carried out to by the prosperity of its nearly 2.7 n Construction of a new maintenance, repair expansions of both the airport grounds and obtain high precision orthoimagery. A million inhabitants, who enjoy one and overhaul (MRO) area; its recommended existing infrastructure will be required Geographic Information System was of the highest per capita incomes in location is in the north-west, near Cargo City. and that new infrastructure, such as a new also developed. the world. Kuwait, which has 10% n Construction of a tunnel to transport air satellite terminal or a People Mover, will n The most advanced tools available, of global oil reserves, has chosen in cargo carried on passenger flights between have to be added. Groundside, it foresees such as ARCPort simulator, were used recent years to diversify its sources the future T2 and Cargo City, which will be the possible construction of flight school to test different airfield configurations. of income setting itself up as an about 4 kilometres apart. facilities, an aviation campus and various Simulators, including the INM international business centre. All n Installation of an anti-sand “green belt”: commercial developments, among other (Integrated Noise Model), were also these elements have contributed to prevent sand infiltration, which causes things. used to the study the noise impact due to the low impact of the economic significant maintenance problems, the plan n Organisational MEASURES: the creation to aircraft operation and PTV Visum was proposes the location of a barrier of trees of an Air Routes Development Committee, used to study road access. In addition crisis on the country, as shown by artners
the vigour of the aviation market. &P around the perimeter of the airport. a Mobility and Quality Observatory, an to these commercial products, the team n Improvement of access roads. Environmental Management Department also used ProEstop, proprietary Ineco 2
The future T2, at over 700,000 m , oster n Ultimate vision of KIA development: and an area dedicated to the operation of the software for defining the location
: F will be one of the largest airport the document briefly and broadly outlines Geographic Information System (GIS). of Rapid Exit Taxiways (RETs). terminals in the world. mage I
18 19 Interview | Fawaz A. Al-Farah President Directorate General of Civil Aviation State of Kuwait “Airport development will enhance the position of the State of Kuwait as a major financial and economic hub in the region”
he president of DGCA, is interviewed interest in it, as per the master plan studies. ers, suppliers and vendors to participate Carlos Amigo, Ineco’s project by Carlos Amigo, Ineco’s project What do you expect from this Cargo City? in this monumental project. Another in- manager for KIA, interview with manager for Kuwait International Cargo City is under construction on vestment opportunities will be availed in T Fawaz A. Al-Farah. Airport expansion. a 2 million square meter land. The City this project for Operational Readiness And will comprise of cargo and logistics fa- Transfer (ORAT) service providers as well The KIA 2012 Master Plan shows a fully cilities, vast aprons capable of handling as passengers terminal operators. The developed and sophisticated airport to be up to 66 aircraft, and Customer Care new terminal (T2) will be the largest de- implemented within 7-8 years from now, Center. The Cargo City will be available velopment project in Kuwait International and that will serve the country for the for airlines, cargo agents, freight forward- Airport history. future decades. What is, in your opinion, the ers and other logistics operators to build role of Kuwait International Airport in the their own dedicated facilities including “Multi-modality will future of Kuwait? cargo terminals, warehouses and office be a key element for Kuwait International Airport (KIA) is the buildings. Several courier companies, front gate of the State of Kuwait. Accord- logistics firms, cargo operators, and air- the success of the ing to our statistics, the airport handled lines have all expressed interest in the Cargo City being linked 8,877,883 passengers, 181,412,943 kg of on-airport location. Multi-modality will through highways cargo, and 85,567 aircraft in 2012. We expect be a key element for the success of the with the port and the that the volume of international passenger Cargo City being linked through highways main land ways” traffic and aircraft movement will increase “The implementation with the port and the main land ways. The during the next decade and, certainly, KIA new cargo facility is expected to take air development, as projected in our 2012 Mas- of the new master freight at KIA to new levels. ter Plan, will facilitate this growth. Kuwait’s plan will transform Ineco has been working for two years in aviation industry will continue to play an im- the airport into a state- The new KIA will require more staff, KIA, using project management systems portant role in the economic well-being of of-art 21st century new procedures, and no more ‘business as and procedures specially tailored for the the country. It will enhance the position of aviation hub in the usual’. How is DGCA facing this challenge? airport. How do you value this work? “the State of Kuwait as a major financial and Middle East” The general performance” of Kuwait “Ineco has been now. Every year, we send our employees Ineco has been delivering DGCA with economic hub in the region. International Airport is governed by the delivering DGCA for specialized training to academies and work in project management of top quality. rules, standards, and recommended prac- institutions accredited by ICAO in different Ineco’s extensive and diverse experiences The strategic location of KIA between Europe, tices adopted by the International Civil Avi- with work in project countries. We also find solutions in out- in different aviation fields make them dis- Asia and Africa makes it appealing for the region. It aims to attain its own rank. The ation Organization (ICAO). However, this management of sourcing which can also cover the provi- tinguished. The work done by Ineco at KIA global aviation industry, both in passenger airport will achieve complete success when is only a takeoff point for us. We strive to top quality. Ineco’s sion of different services, administration, has been completely efficient and satisfac- and cargo business. Do you foresee Kuwait it meets the demand of both passenger and keep up with the latest airport technology. extensive and diverse operation, and maintenance. tory to DGCA in both projects, the master as a competitor with the successful cases of cargo traffic with higher capacity and more Now, we are executing several projects to experiences in different plan and the project management. We other Middle East airports? efficient services. The implementation of upgrade and integrate air navigation and IT aviation fields make What investment opportunities will highly value this work.« Serving more than 85 destinations the new master plan will transform KIA into systems, resulting in better performance. them distinguished” come along with the new terminal building through an extensive network of air ser- a state-of-art 21st century aviation hub in Our staffing process is ongoing. Our man- designed by Norman Foster? vices offered by 54 airlines, Kuwait Interna- the Middle East. power comprises of 2,200 employees The construction of the new terminal tional Airport (KIA) is a main gateway in the (T2) at Kuwait International Airport will In a few years KIA will have one of the avail excellent investment opportunities largest aviation cargo facilities in the for aviation innovators,architects, sys- region, and some major players have shown tem developers, equipment manufactur-
20 21 ROADS | MEXICO | Bridge monitoring Into the depths of the ‘Infiernillo’ Ineco to monitor the structure, which was damaged by a flash flood
By Justo Carretero, civil engineer, Jorge Navío, forest engineer and Sara Solanas, industrial engineer Photos: Jorge Navío
Sensor close-up. High-voltage wiring.
Sensors fitted to the affected pile.
structural monitoring T o study and analyse the behaviour of the structure, 16 instruments were installed that measure magnitudes such as tilt, displacement, vibration and temperature.
For one year, Ineco will monitor the flood, one of the bridge piles supporting For one year, these instruments will au- Infiernillo “0” bridge (in English, the Pátzcuaro-Lázaro Cárdenas highway tomatically gather and store thousands Experts in “listening” to bridges scoured and became tilted. The company of data items to monitor the pile’s tilt n The system installed on the Infiernillo is the same Little Hell “0”) on the Pátzcuaro- Apia Ingenieros Consultores Mexicanos and other parameters. This will allow for one Ineco has used previously to equip and monitor another Lázaro Cárdenas highway, in the entrusted Ineco with the task of fitting in- study and analysis of the structure’s be- big Mexican viaduct, the 140-metre high El Beltrán bridge struments to the bridge and monitoring it Mexican State of Michoacán. haviour to determine whether it is safe. in Jalisco (see it46), which is part of the Guadalajara-Colima to determine its status. The continuously fed data obtained from highway. Ineco’s own methodology has been applied he “0” road bridge crosses the Bal- An Ineco team, with the assistance each sensor are automatically uploaded to the work as well as the vast experience gained over sas River in the state of Michoacán. of work at height specialists, thus in- to an Ineco server through a mobile com- the past 25 years in Spain, where other unique large In mid-2012, this river suffered a T stalled sensors on both sections of the munications system. The data can then be structures have also been monitored, such as the high speed major swell after a discharge at one of metal bridge, each 100 metres long. 16 consulted and analysed over the internet rail viaducts of Arroyo del Valle and Arroyo de las Mexico’s largest dams, the Infiernillo instruments were installed in total that and the entire installation controlled re- Piedras, among others. Dam, with a capacity of 12 billion cubic measure magnitudes such as tilt, dis- motely.« Work at height specialists installing solar panels. metres of water. As a result of the flash placement, vibration and temperature.
22 23 HIGH SPEED | UK | HS2 Queen Victoria’s dream Ineco participates in Phase One of the London-West Midlands line
With the collaboration of Pablo Ramos, civil engineer (Deputy Director of the HS2 Project)
The HS2 network is an unprecedented » technological investment in the UK. High Speed Map It is expected that some 400 million of Great Britain trips will be made by 2020, improving connections, trip times and service between the most populated regions HS2 station HS2 destination on compatible conventional services in the north and the city of London. High speed network (Phases 1 and 2) HS2 connection to existing railway network This is an ambitious project that Compatible conventional services on the WCML Compatible conventional services on the ECML places the UK at the forefront of high Existing lines for future HS2 development speed rail. Ineco is taking part with the consulting firm Capita Symonds.
he new high speed rail network the HS2 project launched by the UK government in The image shows a computer rendering 2012, High Speed Two (HS2), is a T of the Birmingham and Fazeley crucial step forward in the modernisa- canal viaduct. The bottom images tion of its busy nineteenth-century rail- show the exterior and interior way infrastructure. In 2026, the current SECTION AWARDED of Euston station. Capita Symonds/Ineco infrastructure –construction of which be- gan during the industrial revolution, in Stafford Two-phase project Alignment Victorian times– will find itself accompa- leaves Birmingham From the capital to the north nied by a modern high speed rail network Alignment equipped with cutting-edge technol- enters The HS2 project is divided into main economic and industrial centres. ogy: trains up to 400 metres long, Birmingham two phases, comprising about 530 From there, two spurs will branch able to carry up to one thousand pas- Warwick kilometres of track. Phase One will link off the line and link to Manchester sengers and with a design speed of London and the West Midlands with a and Leeds, with intermediate stops, 400 km/h transporting thousands of 190 kilometres stretch. Phase Two will providing service to a prosperous urban inhabitants from the northern, central link Birmingham to the cities of Leeds areas with a significant economic and southern UK, all with reduced jour- and Manchester. Future phases may footprint in the UK. In broad terms, ney times, intelligent ticketing systems connect Euston station in London to the this new line will reach up to embrace and optimal comfort. In Phase One, it is Heathrow airport spur. The decision on the north in a larger Y-shape, forming anticipated that eventually a total of 18 this has been postponed till a review part of a network that, when complete, trains per hour will run in each direction. of aviation capacity that is due to be is expected to link seven major cities: This enterprising plan shows a clear published in 2015. Subsequently, the line London, Birmingham, Nottingham, commitment by the UK government to LD ON ON-BIRMINGHAM (2026) may also be extended to Scotland. Derby, Sheffield, Manchester and ease crowding on the railways, improve Length 190 km Once Phase One is complete, the Leeds. The high speed trains can Dual track // UIC gauge connections between its biggest cities, nation’s capital will be a short 49 then run on to Newcastle, Glasgow Top design speed 250 mph (400 km/h) while acting as an engine for economic minutes hop from Birmingham, the UK’s and Edinburgh on the current rail Top commercial speed 225 mph (360 km/h) growth. In the nation that pioneered the » second most populated city and one of its network.«
24 25 Ineco is working with the British consulting firm Capita Symonds on the third stretch, a complex alignment some 75 km long with two tunnels, 60 viaducts and three rail junctions
» rail industry, the HS2 project will employ the latest 21st century technology to pro- vide an effective solution to the growing passenger demand of the coming dec- ades. Not only that, but it will provide better international connections as well, via Birmingham and Manchester airports and by train or road into continental Eu- rope through the Channel Tunnel. Project development is being coordinated by HS2 Ltd., a company wholly owned funded by the Department for Transport. Its initials establish continuity with the HS1 line, operated by Eurostar since 1994, which links London to Paris by tunnel and on to Brussels via Lille. west coast main line Environmental impact assessment Conventional train travelling A ll studies and projects are put out to on the West Coast Main Line along public consultation before being ap- the M1 highway. proved by parliament. Concern for the
Environmental concerns, including noise pollution and landscape, are core priorities for the project
environment is a priority goal of the pro- A team of 14 Ineco technicians have been working ject, which crosses through small rural at the HS2 offices in London since 2012. villages, farmland and forests. The En- vironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) High speed rail experience takes account of construction using the n Ineco’s involvement in this project is testament to its experience in the design, most environmentally friendly and sus- construction and commissioning of the Spanish high speed rail network, which is tainable methods, including mitigation currently over 3,000 kilometres in length. Ineco is also participating in the construction of noise pollution and landscape impact. of the high speed rail lines between Makkah and Madinah (Saudi Arabia) and between Thus, in Phase One, about 91 kilometres Ankara and Istanbul (Turkey),as well as in the consortium bidding for the line from will be concealed in tunnels or cut-and- São Paulo to Río de Janeiro in Brazil. cover tunnels.«
26 27 RAILWAYS | spain | Mediterranean Corridor The new Via Augusta Ineco is working with the Ministry of Public Works on this complex project
By Francisco Cifuentes, Sonia Ferrero and Carlos Cubillo, (project management team for the Mediterranean Corridor)
francE
Figueres Spain
» Possessing a high-capacity Martorell international gauge railway corridor lleida catalonia along the entire Mediterranean Madrid Barcelona coast, from Murcia to France, is a zaragoza Tarragona strategic transport goal in Spain.
rom Roman times to the present day the Spanish Mediterranean coast Fhas always been one of the most Region of populous areas of the Iberian Peninsula Valencia and one of the central arteries of the teruel zaragoza Mediterranean Sea Spanish economy. What is now known as ord Es paña Castellón F the ‘Mediterranean Rail Corridor’ follows de la Plana Menorca the path of an ancient Roman road, the Via Augusta, one of the most important sagunto Majorca trade routes of antiquity. Since then, in cuenca Madrid Valencia each new age the transport technology of the day has been applied to optimise albacete Almussafes the capacity of a trunk line that has not Madrid lost one bit of importance. In modern Chinchilla 21st century, Spain the main challenge Ibiza is to provide a high-capacity rail link for both passengers and freight that can get round the difference in track gauge with Region of Europe. Murcia Alicante Murcia A vital transit axis The Mediterranean Corridor is now con- and Ford in Almussafes (Valencia). Other The manufacturing output of all these solidated as the industrial and economic strategic industrial sectors, such as chem- sectors is largely export-oriented, hence Mediterranean backbone of the country with the longest icals in Tarragona (Catalonia) and steel in the vital importance of the ports as trans- Corridor coastline in Europe, at over 8,000 kilo- Sagunto (Valencia), are likewise of note. port nodes. 60% of products sent abroad Cartagena metres, 45% of Spain’s gross domestic and 85% of imports pass through these Current situation product and almost half of its 47.1 mil- ports. It is no accident that Spain’s most The big challenge is to MED Corridor lion inhabitants are concentrated along important ports are on the Mediterranean provide a high-capacity Iberian gauge the Mediterranean strip. Along this route, railway connection for strip. The port of Valencia is the second stretching from southern Andalusia to the largest in the country after Algeciras High Speed Pyrenees, we find some of the most impor- passengers and freight and the busiest in the country and fifth Ports Industrial areas tant hubs of the main Spanish industries. that can get round busiest in Europe in container traffic. The Such is the case for automobiles, with fac- the difference in track ports of Barcelona and Tarragona are Source: Ministry of Public Works tories such as Seat in Martorell (Catalonia) gauge with Europe third and fourth, respectively. There are » A dif
28 29 The objective of the Ministry of Public Works is to overcome the limitations of the infrastructure as soon as possible and at the lowest possible cost and make railway freight transport more efficient and profitable
also other significant ports, such as Cas- Ineco and the Mediterranean Corridor » tellón and Sagunto, in Valencia, Cartage- Ineco is working with the Ministry of Public Tarragona, Valencia and Castellón, which na-Escombreras, in Murcia, or the port Works to implement standard gauge on have all launched projects to improve their of Alicante, all of which are linked to in- rail as well as road connections to the rail and road access and to adapt their dustrial, sporting or leisure activities. For main ports of the Mediterranean coast. tracks to standard gauge. the 46 Spanish ports taken as a whole, These connections are essential to the the percentage of freight carried by rail development of the Corridor. In this regard, Regarding civil works, Ineco has participated remains low in comparison with other of particular note is the recent agreement throughout the development of the high European nations. Stakeholders from the for the construction of a new rail access to speed line Madrid-Zaragoza-Barcelona-
sector agree that increasing this share tadt the port of Barcelona, designed by Ineco French border. In 2011, the first standard would improve the general competitive- s eu and signed last September by the Spanish gauge freight corridor between the port of ness and environmental sustainability of N minister of Public Works, Ana Pastor, and Barcelona and France opened. This was
Spanish transport, where road continues ablo the president of the Generalitat (regional made possible by using part of the high P to dominate by a considerable margin. Government) of Catalonia, Artur Mas. speed alignment and some stretches of the The project to create a homogeneous conventional ‘Iberian’ gauge line that have Goal: an effective and interoperable network and interoperable railway corridor for Since 2005 Ineco has been assisting the been retrofitted with a third rail (likewise To improve this panorama the goal is to international traffic on the Mediterranean national public body Puertos del Estado, with the participation of Ineco). Ineco had achieve interoperability with the rest of coast dates back to the late 1980s. In the along with individual port authorities, previously also worked on the Barcelona- Europe. The existing rail network, save past 23 years it has evolved, with different to reorganise the internal rail networks of Castellbisbal-Can Tunis freight branch, which for a few dual-gauge stretches and the proposals and solutions brought to the Spanish ports, such as those of Barcelona, now has rails adapted to standard gauge.« high speed lines, is all built to ‘Iberian’ table. The objective of the current Ministry gauge. Moreover, infrastructure, tracks of Public Works team is to overcome and sidings in the Mediterranean Cor- the limitations of the infrastructure as soon Novel solutions ridor only allow for the use of freight as possible and at the lowest possible The Mediterranean Corridor project The projects can be categorised into four trains 450 metres and, in some cases, cost, to make passenger traffic compatible contains two new elements: the types of actions: 600 metres in length. Now the plan is to with freight traffic. implementation of ‘dual-gauge’ and n Implementation of dual-gauge raise capacity with longer trains –up to A dif the gauge conversion of lines that (third rail): a highly complex solution 750 metres– which will allow operating are in service, something which has limited to sections where the continuity of costs to be reduced by about 40%, ac- also known as dual-gauge. This made French town of Perpignan, operated by and construction projects for the im- never been done before.Dual-gauge Iberian gauge traffic must be guaranteed cording to calculations made by the Min- the first international railway connec- the Spanish-French private consortium plementation of standard gauge in the makes it possible for both Iberian and along with standard gauge traffic. istry of Public Works. Such a change will tion in standard gauge a reality through TP Ferro. Mediterranean Corridor. At the same standard gauge trains to run on a track n Converting Iberian gauge to standard make railway freight transport efficient the cross-border passage between the In addition to the general issues re- time, the company’s experience with the through the installation of a third rail. gauge on stretches where the prevailing and profitable. Catalonian town of Figueres and the lated to track gauge, the Mediterranean Spanish railway network encompasses This technical solution had hitherto traffic can run on the new gauge. One case in point is the freight route railway network has breaks between a wide variety of work throughout the only been performed on small sections n Adaptation of sidings for trains up to from the port of Barcelona to the French Adapting track gauge Barcelona and Murcia, with local pe- last few decades (see ‘Ineco and the and is now being extended to several 750 metres length and homogenisation of city of Lyon, in service since 2011, which and train capacity to culiarities for which specific technical Mediterranean Corridor’.« longer stretches with heavier traffic. clearance per the interoperable European can already handle this type of train. To solutions have been planned to improve This, coupled with having to work on standard. create this route, part of the North-East European standards will freight traffic flow. Ineco is currently operational lines, has made it necessary n Adaptation of electrification, safety and High Speed Line’s alignment was used, make rail freight working with the General Directorate of to search for novel solutions. signalling facilities and, if needed, new as well as some conventional sections transport efficient and Railways of the Ministry of Public Works electrification.« which have been fitted with a third rail, profitable on the preparation of several studies
30 31 The Mediterranean Corridor has been divided into several work sections between Castellbisbal and Cartagena. Sagunto Port of Paterna Sagunto They comprise 600 kilometres of track in total and are Burjassot Valencia part of the Trans-European Transport Networks (TEN-T) 4 Port of Valencia
Almussafes Mediterranean Sea Cullera La Encina Hub Xátiva Gandía
Almansa Onteniente
Alcoy Villena
Mediterranean France Vandellós Spain Xátiva Corridor Figueres 4 Tortosa ÔValencia–Alicante / Section by section 1 3 Alicante– Murcia The corridor has been divided into several Amposta Ebro River Delta Mollet Girona work sections, between Castellbisbal, Hub Alcoy n On this section work is performed in Barcelona, and Cartagena, in Murcia. Manresa La Encina on 194 kilometres of the line. Work is Hub They comprise 600 kilometres of track in Castell- already in progress between Valencia and Bisbal total and are part of the Trans-European Elda Mediterranean Sea the railway hub of La Encina and on the Hub Transport Networks (TEN-T). Barcelona Alicante high speed access to Murcia. The object Novelda Port of ópez is mainly to connect the ports of Alicante Barcelona Port of Alicante 1 Mediterranean Sea Elche and the Escombreras dock in the port Tarragona Mediterranean Sea v ier L
ÔCastellbisbal–Tarragona Section Ja of Cartagena, as well as to incorporate the Murcia–Freight terminal at the end Lleida n In this 97-kilometre section, dual- Castellón of the corridor section currently under de la Plana gauge is employed to link the port of Port of construction. Castellón Alicante Tarragona, the area’s chemical industries San Isidro Port of 2 Rèus Teruel Elche Alicante Vilaseca (BASF and Bayer, among others), the Sant Vicente The technical solutions are mixed: dual- Hub Seat automobile factory in Martorell and gauge from La Encina to Alicante on Tarragona other factories, such as Celsa, Gonvauto, Sagunto the conventional line and conversion to Salou Port of Port of Sagunto Tarragona Paterna Gonvarri and Solvay, many of which are Burjassot standard gauge between Alicante-San already anticipating international traffic. Murcia Gabriel and Murcia (with electrification Vandellós Cuenca Port of of sections where needed). The dual- Torrent The goal with these sections is to Valencia Minor Sea gauge and electrification extend to Ford Factory ensure that the works do not disrupt Almussafes Mediterranean Sea Escombreras, in Cartagena, thereby commuter traffic, with a particular Ebro River Delta Mediterranean Sea Mediterranean Sea Cartagena paving the way for the future arrival of Cullera escombreras refinery focus on the section between Martorell high speed rail.« and Castellbisbal, where the gradient has been reduced in some tunnels to 2 3 guarantee compliance with interoperable ÔTarragona–Vandellós Section ÔVandellós–Almussafes Section In the section running from Castellón to From Sagunto to Castellón the gauge is being laid over a pre-existing trackbed. It clearance for both gauges. Furthermore, Valencia, a dual-gauge is implemented changed on one track and dual-gauge is will serve as a bypass for access to Valencia the asymmetrical nature of tracks with n This 30-kilometre section was already n For this 279-kilometre section several to make the different types of traffic installed on the other, so that the port of from Silla. a third rail creates the need for a highly under construction before the project solutions have been considered: from compatible. In this region, a significant Castellón has railway access available in In addition, a track providing direct access specific analysis of the side of the track began. A new double-track, standard gauge Vandellós to Castellón (159 kilometres), amount of that traffic is intra- both gauges. to the factory is also being built. This will where the platforms, junctions, sidings, bypass is being built that, when completed, the gauge of a conventional line changes peninsular, so the Iberian gauge must facilitate both the entry of supplies from the etc., are to be installed.« will save trains from having to pass to standard to reduce the costs involved be preserved. From Sagunto to Valencia two dual-gauge rest of Europe and the exporting of finished through the towns of Cambrils and Salou, in installing third rail technology. This tracks are used due to heavy traffic from vehicles. traffic thereby improving quality of life in these section is mainly for passenger traffic, types of track Iberian gauge rolling stock. Standard gauge access is also to be provided Passengers Passengers developed areas. Starting from this section, adapted along nearly its full length for Standard gauge Lastly, from Valencia-Fuente de San Luis for the ports of Castellón (currently in the (Standard gauge) (Iberian gauge) the alignment will be operated with only high speeds (200 km/h). Iberian gauge (double track) to Almussafes, where the Ford automobile study phase), Valencia and Sagunto and to Freight Freight Iberian gauge (single track) (Standard gauge) (Iberian gauge) standard gauge.« Third rail factory is located, a dual-gauge track is the industries near Sagunto.«
32 33 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K
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www.cetren.es
SINGLE Notified Body by the Spanish State to certify interoperability (TSIs).
Ineco has completed the preliminary Ineco in 2012 to prepare the preliminary ENTITY accredited by ENAC to validate the fulfillment project for remodelling the Príncipe project for remodelling the railway termi- Rise in freight volume nal located on Príncipe Felipe pier. Of the of the technical specifications for homologation (TSHs) of Felipe railway terminal at the port The Madrid-Valencia freight corridor six alternatives considered, the one se- rolling stock. of Valencia. The goal is to increase lected proposes to extend the five existing is one of the busiest in the nation. The improvement to infrastructure the functional length of the tracks tracks to 750 metres of functional length, that has allowed 750-metre-long typical in Europe, and to install a third rail from 450 to 750 metres, which will trains to travel on this line has raised accredited by ENAC to certify rail products, on three of them, allowing the coexistence ENTITY transported freight volume. allow the use of longer and more of the Iberian and international gauges. processes and services (EN 45011). The commissioning of the Madrid- efficient trains. This initiative is just one more step in Levante high speed line (first to the development of the port of Valencia’s Valencia in 2011, then to Alicante he port of Valencia is Spain’s lead- railway links. In 2006, the South Access in 2013) has helped matters by ENTITY recognized by the National Safety Authority ing port and the fifth-busiest in Eu- was inaugurated, which connects the port absorbing passenger traffic, freeing rope in terms of container traffic. It to the logistical centre of Fuente de San as certification body within the frame of European T the conventional corridor for has two freight terminals. In addition to Luis. In 2008, trains with a length of 600 Standard EN 15085: Welding of railway vehicles and freight use. Renfe, private railway companies such as metres began travelling between the port constituents. Logitren and Continental Rail operate in of Valencia and Madrid. In 2011, tests were the terminals. The Port Authority hired performed with 750-metre trains.« Our accreditation is VarianteAlternative 1.1 1.1 AlternativeVariante 1.2 1.2 recognized by ENTITY recognized as Independent Safety Assessor ExistingTerminal railway ferroviaria terminal actual RelocatedNueva ubicación entrance de la puerta over 60 countries (ISA) by the Ministry of Public Works within the frame ExtensionAmpliación required necesaria alignmentvariante 1.1 1.1 ExtensionAmpliación required necesaria alignmentvariante 1.2 1.2 of Regulation (EC) 352/2009 and of Circular Resolution ExtensionAmpliación required necesaria alignmentvariante 1.3 1.3 1/2011 of Order FOM 233/2006.
AlternativeVariante 1.3 1.3
ElectrifiedVía Electrificada Track
Non-ElectrifiedVía No Electrificada Track Lu UsableLongitud Track de vía Lengthútil
intermodal commitment The port of Valencia, considered the maritime gate to the heart of Preliminary project the Iberian Peninsula, and Ineco’s for remodeling Principe Felipe We certify, evaluate, verify, and validate railways preliminary project are committed Railway Terminal 600 x 80 m to intermodal transport. Part of Map of Alternative 1 the project team is shown above in All alignment options Railway Sector Products the lower image.
Anteproyecto de remodelación de la terminal ferroviaria Príncipe Felipe Sierra de Cazorla, 1 - Las Matas I 28290 Las Rozas (MADRID) I T. (+34) 91 127 97 27 / 97 F. (+34) 91 630 71 69 I [email protected] Ocupación Alternativa 1. Todas la variantes 34 35 RAILWAYS | VENEZUELA | Caracas metro First, line 1 CAF supplies the trains Renovation of Caracas metro line 1 The 48 trains provided by Spanish manufacturer CAF can carry up to 2,170 By Jorge García Morales, industrial electronics engineer, responsible for the project passengers and are the first to include and Álvaro García Tapia, telecommunications engineer, international expert in signalling gangway connections, allowing for better passenger distribution. Boasting a modern design and the latest technological advances in safety and comfort, the units come equipped with passenger information systems and recording centres for any eventualities that may arise.
Ineco is participating in and the rise in the number of metro users ing new air conditioning systems, fixing » shorter waiting times the renovation of Caracas has led to the saturation of this line. This escalators and cleaning graffiti. problem is particularly acute in the centre Ineco has been working with the Span- Thanks to the new CBTC signalling system metro line 1, which sees of the city, on the busy section between ish consortium responsible for line 1’s to be installed, train frequency will rise to a 90-second interval between trains, 1.2 million users daily. The work Capitolio and Plaza de Venezuela. renovation since 2009, when work began, resulting in a 30% increase in passenger consists of technical assistance, After almost 27 years of service, this and will continue to do so until its coming transport capacity. integration, coordination line’s equipment and systems were show- completion in late 2014. The consortium ing clear signs of wear as they were ap- is comprised of CAF (the manufacturer and planning for the Spanish proaching the end of their useful life. The consortium formed by CAF, time had come to renew them. The public The main challenge Dimetronic, Cobra and Assignia. corporation Metro de Caracas initiated a in this renovation renovation process in 2009, creating sev- eral expansion plans meant to provide has been to undertake ith a population of some 4 million Greater Caracas with an efficient and safe the work without people, Caracas has four metro public transport system. interrupting commercial Wlines and 24 metrobus routes train operation, that provide service to approximately 1.7 Different expansion projects to avoid inconveniencing million passengers each day. Of these, In addition to the renovation and re-out- metro users. almost 1.2 million normally use line 1 on fitting of line 1, C.A. Metro de Caracas working days, as it connects densely popu- is carrying out other expansion projects of the new trains), Assignia Infraestruc- lated suburbs, such as Petare and Catia, on its lines. Some of these include the turas (track renewal), Cobra Instalaciones spanning the whole city from east to west. projects on line 5 and on the Caracas- y Servicios Internacional S.L. (renovation Since its inauguration in 1983, line 1 has Guarenas-Guatire system, as well as com- of traction substations) and Dimetronic, transported about 8 billion passengers. It plementary projects to support the metro from the Siemens group (CBTC signalling has an approximate length of 22 kilome- system such as Metrocable Mariche and system).« tres, 22 passenger stations and electrical Cabletren Bolivariano. Other initiatives trains that run daily linking the two ends undertaken by Metro de Caracas to in- of Caracas. The city’s population growth crease passenger comfort include install-
tro Ineco’s responsibilities n Verification of compatibility, n Monitoring of studies and Me rehabilitation and interface documentation. Preparation of full or troubleshooting. partial work deliveries. n Work programmes and progress n Verification of works or goods upon ara reports. Processing technical receipt by the contractor. C CAS documentation. n Coordination of the testing programme. n Work progress supervision. Supervision n Compliance with safety regulations. and monitoring of compliance with company specifications.
36 37 Ineco has been working on different projects in Venezuela for over 20 years. In 2012, it performed the refit of the Caracas metro’s workshops for CAF
Valencia metro station.
New project in Working in Venezuela since the 80s the Valencia metro Over 20 years of experience neco has been working on different Venezuelan rail network, which involved Ineco is also providing technical projects in Venezuela for more than several studies between Barquisimeto- assistance to the same Spanish I20 years now. Back in 1987 it prepared Maracaibo and Yaracal-Coro-Punto Fijo. consortium in the expansion of the the plan of action for Venezuelan railways Alignment and geotechnical studies were Valencia metro, which will gain 6 for the Spanish operator Renfe within the also done, as well as preliminary reports on new stations. scope its international cooperation with the possibility of creating a rail connection IFE, a study promoted by the Spanish on the Caracas-La Guaira stretch. Located 172 kilometres west of Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In the 90s, the In 2007, work was performed on the Caracas, Valencia is the most company did a study on alternative freight National Plan for Water, Air and Land important industrial city in Venezuela transport from the south-eastern region Transport, Phases I and II. This was a joint T rain on test track. Rail junction assembly. and its metropolitan area has a of Venezuela. This project was carried effort by the consortium formed by Ineco population of almost 3 million. out for CGV Ferrominera Orinoco and the and the companies Incostas, Insurbeca, Valencia’s metro system currently has Corporación Venezolana de Guayana. Modelística, Calzadilla, Pardo and Sully for 7 stations in operation (6.3 kilometres) The purpose of the study was to solve the the Venezuelan Ministry of Infrastructure. on an initial stretch in the south of the problems generated by mineral exports In 2012, Ineco adapted the Caracas city, between Monumental (next to the and the flow of merchandise between the metro’s workshops, where the 48 trains bullring) and Cedeño. The Spanish south-eastern region and the centre of the supplied by the Spanish manufacturer consortium for the Valencia metro has country. Between 1992-1993 the Technical CAF are maintained. Among other tasks, the same members as the consortium and Economic Feasibility Study of the Santo this construction project was designed to for the Caracas metro (CAF, Cobra, Domingo-Acarigua-Puerto Cabello Railway implement a range of equipment in the Assignia and Dimetronic). Its purpose Project was conducted for the Corporación Propatria workshop. It also involved the is to extend the line by adding six new Venezolana del Suroeste-CVS. From 2006 functional study and the alignment and stations, from Rafael Urdaneta to to 2009 technical assistance was provided track details for positioning a painting Tacarigua. This will involve placing an to the Spanish consortium formed by booth, a wheel lathe and two wheel Rail replacement. Inside of a workshop. additional 4.3 kilometres of track.« OHL-Obrascon-Huarte-Lain to expand the mounting and demounting presses.«
tro Step by step guide to line 1’s renovation tro Renewal of line 1 Comprehensive line 2 project n 48 new trains with seven cars each. for track inspection, transport and and monitoring systems for the electrical n Repowering substations, overhead n 36 train units with two cars per unit. n Main communications network, Tetra Me Me n Supply, installation and commissioning maintenance. traction substations, power centres and contact line feeder and 13.8kV cabling. n Three traction and auxiliary substations radio, remote power control, telephony
cia cas of new signalling systems (CBTC), n Modernisation of the traction power SEDE system equipment. n Replacing signalling. and three auxiliary substations. and ticketing. automated operation, centralised control supply system for trains along with n Supply of special tools, measuring en n Supply of on-board n One main 115/13.8 kV substation. n On-board video and Wi-Fi.
ara
and communications. auxiliary and emergency power systems devices, diagnostic equipment and test al ATP-CBTC units for existing trains. n Track length of 4.3 km. n Intercom, anti-intruder, CCTV, C
V n Track renewal by replacing rails, rail for stations, stabling yard and OCC on line benches, as well as implementation n Main communications network, Tetra n Signal replacement. timekeeping, information displays, fire junctions, sleepers and fastening system 1, through renovation work on the 30kV of workstations for maintaining the radio and remote power control. n New overhead contact line. detection and remote control of auxiliary elements, as well as elastomers and third subtransmission system and the 12.47 kV new trains and equipment that will be n Intercom and anti-intruder n Supply of on-board ATP-CBTC installations. rail components in determined areas. and 750 V power supply systems. incorporated into the Integral line 1 equipment. equipment for the new CAF n Refit of rolling stock workshops. n Supply and commissioning of vehicles n Supply and commissioning of new units system. n Refit of rolling stock workshops. trains.
38 39 INNOVATION | International | Railway communications A model for good signals Project SPRING: improvement of radio-electric coverage in tunnels
By Rafael Gutiérrez responsible for the project, Alberto Trujillo, César Díez and Sergio Breso, telecommunications engineers
testing on the Makkah-Madinah line Ineco has completed the first Second phase: a phase of SPRING, a novel project to multipurpose tool optimise radio coverage inside Currently, project SPRING is in its tunnels. The goal is to obtain second phase of development, focused the best signal quality with the on the implementation of a specific fewest transmitters, thereby software program for the GSM-R band. One of the main difficulties is that there reducing infrastructural and is no model that can be used as a guide, maintenance costs. so one must be built from the ground up. Once again, field testing is needed. aintaining radio communications In this case, tests are performed in at all times between the train and tunnels on both conventional and high Mthe traffic control centre is es- speed Spanish lines, for which Ineco has sential. Insufficient radio-electric cov- been able to rely on the cooperation of erage may result in temporary signal or Adif, the Spanish railway infrastructure communication loss, leaving the control administrator. system “deaf and blind”. To avoid this risk, it is imperative that the location of The plan is to place a radiofrequency the equipment that retransmit the radio- transmitter at several points throughout electric signal along the line is properly the tunnel and then measure the signal planned during construction. This can be In the top left image, Ineco engineer, Alberto Trujillo, with a strength using a moving radiofrequency easier said than done on certain kinds signal strength meter; bottom left, the radio transmitter designed by scanner. These measurements are of terrain or certain points on the align- Burata Tunnel between Ourense and Santiago. the SPRING team. To the right, an antenna on a crane. taken with different configurations of ment, especially in tunnels. the transmitter and different types of Because tunnels run underground and The tests performed in a previously believed without signal loss paigns. In January 2013, the transmit- antenna. Thus, a computer modelling Unveiling that will show how radio waves propagate are greatly heterogeneous, there are not real-world project on or deterioration. It was thus determined, ter was ready to be tested in an actual to date commercially available computer for example, that two successive repeat- project. The SPRING team travelled to n Ineco will present several articles inside a tunnel will be obtained, which tools for simulating radio coverage that the Makkah-Madinah ers could be separated a maximun of Saudi Arabia, where Ineco is working on on this project at the 10th World can then be used to plan the most can be used to find the optimal location line were a success 3,100 metres, instead of the usual 1,800 one of the most significant railway pro- Congress on Railway Research economical and efficient option for of transmitters within tunnels. While metres, and by up to 4,800 metres for jects in the world: the second phase of (WCRR), to be held from 25th to 28th radioelectric facilities. simulators were used for outdoor cov- and the company’s experience with prior base stations. construction of the 444-kilometre-long November 2013 in Sydney, Australia. erage, the formula used to size and plan radio-electric studies performed on dif- It was concluded that fewer units were high speed line between Makkah and The WCRR is the biggest forum on The SPRING system developed by Ineco the equipment was purely theoretical. It ferent high speed and conventional rail needed to guarantee the best radio-elec- Madinah. The most cutting-edge tech- innovative railway technology in the also provides another advantage: was in this context that Ineco sought out lines. tric coverage than previously thought. In nology available is being installed for world. These same articles, along it is not only valid for analysing GSM-R with the modelling tool, will also be an innovative solution: SPRING (Radio- other words, savings could be achieved this project, making it ideally suited for railway mobile telephony frequencies, presented in the Transport Research electric Planning in Tunnels for GSM-R Studies results by installing fewer transmission units. conducting these tests. The tests were but also those of any other Arena 2014, a conference devoted to Software), a project that began in 2012 These studies revealed that the distances The next step was to confirm this find- completed successfully.« communications system: TETRA, LTE, research and innovation in transport, and has now reached its second phase. between units (repeaters and base sta- ing. To this end, the project SPRING team UMTS, train-ground, etc.« to be held next year in Paris La It all started with the need for a radio tions) responsible for transmitting the designed and built a radio transmitter Défense from 14th to 17th April. planning tool in the project design phase radio signal can be much greater than to perform various measurement cam-
40 41 ROADS | BRAZIL | Rodoanel Mário Covas, São Paulo Coming full circle Ineco is coordinating the works for the final section of Brazil’s largest road infrastructure José Luis Pancorbo, Coordinator of the Rodoanel North Consortium, José Isidro Díaz, civil engineers and Alejandro Rodríguez, IT engineer
Photo: André Lemes
This ambitious megaproject six construction groups and the companies is the largest investment in South and institutions participating in the works, which began in March 2013 and are sched- America by the IDB (Inter-American uled for completion in 2016. Development Bank) and is part of the most complex road works in Brazil. Infrastructure of this size requires the han- dling of immense volumes of information Once completed, it will reduce traffic on a myriad of media platforms: drawings, congestion in the São Paulo metropolitan charts, photographs, progress reports, in- region –home to 19 million people– by cident reports and technical data, on issues ranging from compulsory purchases, the means of a full ring road. Over 65,000 environment, interference with other in- vehicles daily are already using the frastructures, work performed and admin- finished sections, many of them heavy istrative and economic matters. The SIOS and long-distance vehicles. (Singular Works Information System), which was developed by Ineco, is providing support for analysing information and monitoring the he work on the last section of the São works with the help of DERSA computer sys- Paulo Ring Road, called the Rodoanel tems. SIOS combines an array of works data TMário Covas, will close the 177 kilome- in a single application, accessible both via the tres loop encircling the metropolitan area. web and in real time.« Known as the North Section, it is a highly
complex 44-kilometre stretch of highway Section on with three to four lanes in each direction which Ineco is working and will require the construction of seven (44 kilometres) twin-bore tunnels (mainly to preserve natural
spaces), 111 bridges and viaducts and an ac- North Section ( cess road to Guarulhos International Airport. Furthermore, along with the other delicate SÃo Paulo preliminary tasks, some 4,000 families will West Section (in service) East Section have to be resettled. (in service)
A consortium led by Ineco, in conjunction with Brazilian engineering firm EBEI, is supporting the public-private joint venture South Section (in service) DERSA (Desenvolvimento Rodoviário S.A, In this image, Ineco engineers, partly owned by the State of São Paulo). One SÃo Paulo José Luis Pancorbo of Ineco’s roles is to monitor the work of the Rodoanel Mário Covas and José Isidro Díaz at the worksite The complete ring road of the North Section of the measures 177 kilometres. Atlantic Sea São Paulo Ring Road 25 km
42 43 CONSULTANCY | COLOMBIA | Santiago Vila airport Numbers and flowers Technical, legal and financial structuring of the Flandes airport
With the collaboration of the Economics and Planning team
Mirroring the enterprising spirit ernments of Cundinamarca and Tolima » of Santiago Vila when he began reached agreements with Aerocivil –Co- lombia’s civil aviation authority– and Fon- construction of this airfield in 1948, decun (Cundinamarca Fund for Project the airport’s current managers Development) to encourage the moderni- and regional leaders intend to invest sation of the airport so that it can gradu- ally reach at least category 4D, complying in a project that will generate wealth with the international standards set by the and promote the development of the ICAO. One of the goals was to convert it entire area in the future. Ineco has into an international cargo airport with carried out the financial consultancy a significant complementary role in the National Airport Network. with funding from Fondecun.
Agreement between several parties ocated in the town of Flandes, in As a preliminary step before reaching On the Magdalena River the Department of Tolima, about these goals, in 2011 Fondecun entrusted The airport is located at a strategic crossroads, L134 kilometres from Eldorado in- Ineco with the task of providing Interna- in a region with a great potential for growth. ternational airport, in Bogotá, Santiago tional consultancy for the financial struc- Vila airport has considerable potential turing of the concession project for the Flandes- Villeta Zipaquirá for development and economic growth as Santiago Vila airport in Flandes-Tolima. Bogotá The key points of the financial and economic study it is located in a prosperous urban area To execute this task, in 2012 Ineco con- connection Flower n In-depth analysis of existing infrastructure and future growth. production area formed by the towns of Flandes, Girardot sulted the project’s stakeholders, which — Analysis of runway orientation and length and extension alternatives. and Ricaurte. include Fondecun, Aerocivil, the govern- — Apron and terminal building layout, control tower, supply area, fire station, etc. The history of this region in central Co- ments of Cundinamarca and Tolima, the Magdalena Chia — Equipments and electrical instalattions neccesities and the need for environmental River lombia is closely tied to the strategic loca- town councils of Flandes and other towns Facatativá protection measures. Jardines tion of Girardot, the adjacent municipality. Suba de Paz — Calculation of investments over the whole concession period (CAPEX). Flandes witnessed the birth of aviation in The main goal is Ambalema Mosquera Usaquén n Design specifications: airport profile, capacity, type and category of aircraft, Colombia. The first flights in the country to make Santiago Vila Engativá operation, etc. happened there and, not long after, San- n Consultation, opinion and expectations of the stakeholders. ( Chapinero tiago Vila, a local businessman, built the airport the engine that n Analysis of the project’s zoning, territorial and urban planning approach. Accessibility, Chingaza National drives the competitiveness affected areas, land use and the free trade zone, among other aspects. Flandes airport. BOGOTÁ Park and exports of central n Studies traffic forecast on the evolution of domestic, international and cargo The airport modernisation project is Ciudad part of the geopolitical and strategic plan Colombia Bolívar traffic. Traffic studies include forecasts until 2036. for the region of Cundinamarca and Toli- 40 n The Operating Plan for the Concessionaire. ma, meant to make it the key logistical near the airport, chambers of commerce, n Definition and projection of operating costs (OPEX). hub of Colombia. This initiative is joined entrepreneurial associations, Asocolflo- n Airport´s fee structure. What are the fees for each activity? Fee proposals. by projects such as the divided highway res, airline associations such as Atac and Fusagasuga n Management alternatives and management model recommendation. The different to Bogotá, La Línea tunnel within the Alaico, Avianca, Tampa Cargo, Aerosucre, Girardot scenarios and their risks. n Legal issues. National regulations and adaptation to ICAO rules. Contractual scheme Coffee-Growers Axis, the promotion of the National Infrastructure Agency, Cor- Flandes Sumapaz National the Magdalena River’s navigability and magdalena and Asecarga.« ( Park for the Public Private Partnership. the restoration of the railway. The gov-
44 45 Flandes is a strategic spot for the development of an attractive free trade area for private investors, as this multimodal hub will be an important point in the Colombian freight transport network
Fostering new business Flower power Aircraft maintenance A new free trade zone Colombia is one of the world’s top These days the main aircraft Flandes is a strategic location as it is flower producers with an annual maintenance, repair and overhaul destined to become a multimodal hub volume on the order of 220,000 tonnes. (MRO) centres are in the US, Europe due to the confluence of a divided highway The most important plantations are and Asia. There are also some centres linking Bogotá to the Pacific coast, a road in the Savannah of Bogotá, which in Latin America, the Middle East and to the Caribbean and the navigability of exports 95% if its flower production Africa. Colombia’s location gives it the Magdalena river, a project that will by air. The main destinations are the considerable potential as a headquarters allow goods to be carried to Barranquilla. US, via Miami, with the lion’s share for aircraft MRO companies. The convergence of these three links of 75%, followed by Europe and, to a make the creation of a free trade zone lesser extent, Japan. 80-82% of these The Flandes airport has the space highly attractive to private investors, exports, however, go through Eldorado needed for modern, competitive and as this multimodal hub will become an efficient facilities. The creation of free important point for freight transport
airport, much closer to the Savannah socolflores area. If the average travel time from the A trade zones would facilitate all the in Colombia. Free trade zones generally Savannah to Eldorado airport is about Vila airport do not ensure that the processes and reduce costs, as the AV FA OURABLE LOCATION promote domestic and international would benefit by competing with other 30 minutes, the use of Santiago Vila cold chain required for the logistics maintenance business needs spare The airport is located in a strategic area in investment and create jobs and new countries in the region that have would imply an increase in distance of of transporting cut flowers can be parts to be imported.« Latin America and has land available. investment opportunities. Colombia developed efficient logistical facilities.« some 140 kilometres, representing 3-4 maintained. more hours of transport, which would Municipality affect the costs, delivery times and Both the Chamber of Commerce of Flandes- Conclusions refrigeration chain. of Ibagué and the ANDI (National Tolima n All the conclusions reached following the meetings with stakeholders reveal that Entrepreneurs Association of Urban area the freight traffic linked to the operation of Eldorado airport as a hub and the use Ineco has done a study of the minimum Colombia), Tolima-Huila section, of the cargo holds of passenger flights to carry freight generate reluctance to start new Department cost overrun for transporting flowers to are considering the opportunity to of Cundinamarca business at Santiago Vila airport. At this time there is not enough freight exported by fill a cargo aircraft in the new Flandes change their bi-annual crops (which air to generate a volume that would allow the private sector to operate and recoup the airport. For flowers, the limiting factor are losing their competitiveness initial investment. Growth areas due to the Free Trade Agreement) Santiago Vila n The meetings held with chambers of commerce and entrepreneurs of the region for transport is volume, not weight. Airport The cargo aircraft considered were the in favour of exportable crops, such Station have led to the conclusion that the volume of exportable goods produced is insufficient Boeing 727-200 and the Boeing 737- as fruit and cocoa. These crops are in and of itself to justify a new cargo airport. Nonetheless, the airport is located in a 200, with maximum cargo volumes of better adapted to warm climates and strategic area in Latin America and has land available. The navigability of the Magdalena approximately 100 cubic metres, similar require less irrigation. They are also river and the trackbed reaching Neiva and Facatativá do favour the creation of a new to that of a tractor-trailer. considering the production of cotton by Municipality intermodal hub. Implementation of a free trade zone beside the airport and the pursuit The added cost for transport (fuel, agribusiness, particularly in the region of Suárez of aeronautical activities, such as aircraft maintenance are also new lines of business time, tolls, etc.) to the Flandes location of Tolima, the second-largest cotton to consider. is greater than the potential savings producer in Colombia, to export top n Lastly, the technical, legal and financial structuring shows that, given that this is a in airport fees. There is no possibility quality thread. Fish farming in Huila, greenfield project, it is difficult to find developers willing to assume a pronounced demand of compensating the added cost by gold, fertilised eggs, new fruit crops Magdalena risk in the project launch stage in addition to an investment risk. As an alternative, a public- Railway River reducing airport fees. Moreover, and cosmetics are other potentially private partnership (PPP) was proposed to transfer the risk of availability and payment for Airport Main road the works and services by the Administration, such that the Administration pay a percentage after holding meetings with several exportable products.« projection cone Secondary road associations, it was determined that Street of the cost of the works and an annual amount in accordance with the option selected. the weather conditions of Santiago
46 47 Marca España* | automotive *Brand Spain photo: irizar photo: photo: going green photo:
Less is more Sales of electric motorcycles double those of cars. In 2013, the Madrid-based distributor Going Green opened the first Spanish factory exclusively dedicated to electric motorcycles. Located in the Catalonian town of L’Hospitalet, it will manufacture 5,000 units per year, 70% of which to be sold in the European market. In addition to international brands, Spanish companies such as Helectra, Ecoter, Bereco, Ecoscooter, Kyoto, Vmoto, Manufacturers outsource EMO Internacional and BSG electrics 75% of vehicle assemble and market electric motorcycles. components. This photo shows the Seat plant in Martorell. photo: seat photo: Irizar is the largest independent Another Galician firm, UNVI, manufactures in Spain and 12 R&D centres spread throughout five continents. Spanish coachbuilder. and Portugal and exports 88% of its products to 19 CIE Automotive manufactures engine and transmission countries. The Catalonian company Indcar, founded components, among other items, and has over 16,000 in 1888, specialises in bodies for passenger minibuses employees worldwide. and the adaptation of vans. It sells its products in eleven The Catalonian firm Ficosa, a worldwide leader in countries and just opened a factory in Romania. Indcar rear-view mirrors, has factories, engineering centres and
A high-powered engine group antolín photo: exports 85% of its products. So does Ferqui, a company sales branches in 19 countries. Grupo Antolín manufac- Spain is not just one of the world’s biggest car manufacturers. A local industry of components and equipment has hailing from the Asturias region that, like Indcar, was tures roofs, seats and doors. It was founded in the 50s grown up around the big brands that arrived in the fifties and its reach extends beyond Spanish borders. originally a family business and is now focused on the in Burgos as a family-run workshop crafting improved foreign market. truck parts. It has since grown to 10,000 employees in 22 Spanish multinationals countries and invoices 1,580 million euros annually. For pain is the second largest automobile manu- and generates 300,000 direct jobs and 2 million in- automotive sector that is the eighth-largest in the such as Ficosa and Grupo Spanish parts. Another leading sub-sector is the its part, 30% of the Basque cooperative Mondragón’s facturer in Europe –the first for industrial ve- direct jobs, according to data from the Ministry of world and involves a thousand companies, some of Antolín (shown in the photo) supply of automobile parts. Gestamp Automoción economic activity is centred on the automobile business, are world leaders in parts Shicles– and the ninth worldwide, according the Economy. Vehicles –passenger cars, trucks and which are global pioneers. The sector encompasses and components. (bodies, chassis and mechanisms) had a turnover of which employs a total of 11,000 people throughout 44 to ANFAC, the Spanish automobile manufacturers’ buses– comprise 17.7% of all Spanish exports and a wide range of products, from whole systems to 5,757 million euros in 2012 with 94 production plants plants in Spain and a further 21 in other countries.« association that groups together all the large corpora- are distributed to 130 countries. In fact, nine out of replacement parts and accessories: engine and The ‘custom’ products are adapted to all needs, tions operating in the country: Ford, General Motors, every ten vehicles made in Spain are intended for transmission equipment, electrical and electronic including urban and long-distance transport, tour- ‘pure’ electric vehicles still represent a very Renault Iveco, Mercedes Benz, Nissan Motor Ibérica, Peugeot, the foreign market, which comes to 2.2 million by components, tyres and wheels, bearings, rubber ism, and high-end luxury. All configurations are manufactures small share of the market. Spanish factories Citroën, Porsche, Renault, Seat, Toyota, Lexus, Volk- the end of 2013. components and chassis and bodies, among others. covered: single and double-decker, articulated, low- the Twizy in manufacture several hybrid vehicles, such swagen and Audi. It has a turnover of 27,000 million euros, 60% from floor, accessible for persons with reduced mobility, Valladolid. as the Citroën Berlingo, in Vigo (Galicia), and It should be noted that Spain is the only country A leading auxiliary industry. The 61 million foreign sales, and employs about 200,000 people, minibuses, buses specially sized for narrow streets the Nissan e-NV200, in Martorell (Catalonia), where nearly all of the big automobile brands are pre- vehicles made in Spain in the last 25 years attest to according to data compiled by the trade association or made-to-order products such as mobile offices, both vans, as well as Ford’s C-Max hybrid sent. They began arriving in the 50s, attracted by the this long-standing industrial tradition, generating an SERNAUTO. clinics or libraries. SUV in Almussafes (Valencia). Since 2011, competitive advantages offered by the country. Among The largest one in a field made up of little more Renault manufactures one of its four these were lower wages than in other European coun- Almost all automotive Custom buses. One of the leading sub-sectors than ten companies –most of them small and me- electric models in its Valladolid plant: the tries and a highly qualified labour force. These advan- worldwide is the manufacture and design of custom dium– is the Basque corporate group Irizar, with a Twizy two-seater. The Spanish automotive tages remain today and result in high productivity: manufacturers operate bodies for cars and buses. According to the Spanish turnover of 500 million euros, 2,900 employees and renault photo: industry is currently involved in many lines of the 17 factories present in Spain, 10 are typically in Spain, which coachbuilders’ association, ASCABUS, this activ- manufacturing operations in seven countries: Spain, Do drivers dream of of technological research aimed at improving included among the most productive for their corre- ity generates about 3,600 direct jobs and another Brazil, Mexico, Morocco, China, India and South electric cars? a variety of issues, such as range (which sponding brands. This added value is in addition to possesses the eighth 6,000 indirect jobs. Almost half of its production Africa. The Galician company Castrosúa comes in Within the vehicle manufacturing sector, remains under 200 km), the deployment the presence of a world class components industry and largest parts and is exported to 70 different countries. Spain is the second, with sales amounting to 40 million euros, which is strategic for Spain, the hybrid and of recharging infrastructure and battery ten regional clusters with dynamic R&D&i activity. European nation with the most independent coach- four plants in Spain and 500 employees. In 2008, electric vehicle segment offers significant performance.Different research projects have The automotive sector is one of Spain’s biggest components industry builders, thanks to technological innovation, speed Castrosúa launched the first petrol-electric hybrid bus growth potential worldwide. The diverse been developed in recent years with these industries. It represents 10% of the country’s GDP in the world and cost containment. with a fully Spanish design and body. hybrids are currently in the lead, while goals in mind.
48 49 Solutions Experience, competitiveness and technology at the service of society Ineco has extensive experience in transport engineering: 45 years planning, designing, managing, operating and maintaining airports, railways, roads, ports and urban transport systems throughout the world.
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