Agricultural

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Agricultural Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: 4 123 8-EC PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED LOAN Public Disclosure Authorized IN THE AMOUNT OF US$15.3 MILLION TO THE PROVINCIAL COUNCIL OF CHIMBORAZO WITH THE GUARANTEE OF THE REPUBLIC OF ECUADOR FOR A CHIMBORAZO DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT PROJECT (PIDD) Public Disclosure Authorized November 5,2007 Sustainable Development Network Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela Country Management Unit Latin America and the Caribbean Region This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the Its Public Disclosure Authorized performance of their official duties. contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS CurrencyUnit = US$ FISCAL YEAR January 1 - December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AECI Spanish Agency for International Cooperation AIECH Asociacidn Indigena Evange'lica de Chimborazo (AIECH, now CONPOCIECH) AOPs Annual Operational Plans BCE Central Bank of Ecuador CADERS Agricultural Competitiveness and Sustainable Rural Development Project CAS Country Assistance Strategy CFAA Country Financial Accountability Assessment CFP ' Country Financial Parameters CGE Controller General of the State (Contraloria General del Estado) CHPC Chimborazo Provincial Council CNRH National Council of Water Resources CODECH Development Corporation of the Chanchan and Chimbo River Basin Areas CODERECH Corporacidn de Desarrollo Regional de Chimborazo CONAIE Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (Confederacidn de Nacionalidades Indigenas del Ecuador) CONCOPE Ecuadorian Provincial Governments Councils CONPOCIECH Confederation of People, Organizations, Communities, Evangelical Churches of Chimborazo (Confederacidn de Pueblos, Organizaciones, Comunidades, Iglesias Evange'licas de Chimborazo) COPICCH Chimborazo Coordinator of Indigenous and Peasant Peoples COPS (Contaminantes orgdnicos persistentes) CPAR Country Procurement Assessment Review DA Designated Account DPW Directorate of Public Works EA Environmental Analysis EC European Commission (of the European Union) ECUARUNARI (Confederacidn de Pueblos de la Nacionalidad Kichwa del Ecuador) EMP Environmental Management Plan EPM Environmental Procedures Manual FA0 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FEINE Federacidn de Indigenas del Ecuador FM Financial Management FMA Financial Management Assessment FODESEC Sectional Development Fund FONDEPRO Provincial Development Fund GDP Gross domestic product FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY GEF Global Environment Facility GOE Government of Ecuador HDM-4 Highway Development and Management System IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ICB International Competitive Bidding ICR Implementation Completion Report IDB Inter-American Development Bank IFAC International Federation of Accountants IFRs Interim unaudited financial report IPM Integrated Pest Management IPP Indigenous Peoples Plan IPPF Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework IRR Internal Rate of Return ISA International Standards on Auditing ISDS Integrated Safeguard Data Sheet IT Information technology LOAFYC Organic Act of Financial Administration and Control (Ley Orgdnica de Adminisracidn Financiera y Control) LOREYTF Law of Responsibility, Stabilization and Transparency M&E Monitoring and evaluation MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance MEMRs Routine Road Maintenance Micro-Enterprises MICH Indigenous Movement of Chimborazo MIS Management Information System MOP Ministry of Public Works NCB National Competitive Bidding NGO Nongovernmental organization NPV Net Present Value O&M Operation and maintenance PAC Project Advisory Committee PC Project Coordinator PD Project Director PDP Provincial Development Plan PHRD Policy and Human Resources Development PIDD Chimborazo Development Investment Project PMF Pest Management Framework POM Project Operational Manual POT Project Operational Team PRAGUAS Rural and Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Project PRODEPINE Indigenous and Afro-Ecuadorian Peoples Development Project PROLOCAL Poverty Reduction and Local Rural Development Project PROMEC Power and Communication Sectors Modernization and Rural Services Project PROMSA Agricultural Research Project PRONADER National Sustainable Rural Development Program PU Procurement Unit This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not be otherwise disclosed without World Bank authorization. SA Social Assessment SBDs Standard Bidding Documents SG Sectional Governments SIAFS AG Sistema Integrado de Administracidn Financiera y Control SICA Agricultural Census and Information System Project SIGEF Financial Management Integrated Information System SIISE Integrated System of Social Indicators SIL Specific Investment Loan SINFO Accounting Information System SPI Inter-bank Payment System (Sistema de Pagos Interbancarios) ssc Sub-project Selection Committee TA Technical Assistance TAPS Technical Assistance Providers TORS Terms of reference UNDB United Nations Development Business USAID United States Agency for International Development VPd Vehicles per day WUA Water User Association Vice President: Pamela Cox Country Managermirector: Pilar Larreamendy (Acting)/Carlos Felipe Jaramillo Sector Managermirector: Glenn Morgan (Acting)/Laura Tuck Task Team Leader: Garry Charlier and Pilar Larreamendy ECUADOR ECUADOR - CHIMBORAZO DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT PROJECT (PIDD) PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN LCSEN Date: October 3 1, 2007 Team Leader: Garry Charlier Country Director: Carlos Felipe Jaramillo Sectors: Irrigation and drainage (65%);Roads Sector ManagedDirector: Laura Tuck and highways (35%) Themes: Rural services and infrastructure (P);Other rural development (P);Other environment and natural resources management (S) Project ID: PO94784 Environmental screening category: Partial Assessment Lending Instrument: Specific Investment Loan Project Financing: Data [XI Loan [ ] Credit [ ] Grant [ 3 Guarantee [ 3 Other: Source Local Foreign Total Borrower 5.80 0.00 5.80 International Bank for Reconstruction and 15.30 0.00 15.30 Development Local Communities 2.20 0.00 2.20 Total: 23.30 0.00 23.30 Borrower: Chimborazo Provincial Council Primera Constituyente y Carabobo Riobamba, Chimborazo Ecuador, 0601 Tel: 593-3-296-9887 Fax: 593-3-296-9887 www. chimborazo. gov.ec Responsible Agency: Chimborazo Provincial Council Ecuador FY 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 0 0 4nnual 1.50 4.10 3.50 3.20 1.50 0.50 1.00 0.00 0.00 Cumulative 1.50 5.60 9.10 12.30 13.80 14.30 15.30 15.30 15.30 Does the project meet the Regional criteria for readiness for implementation? [XIYes [ ]No Ref: PAD D. 7 Project development objective Ref: PAD B.2, Technical Annex 3 The project objective is to increase production and market access of rural families living in the Chambo and Chanchan-Chimbo river basins within Chimborazo Province, through investments in irrigation and roads improvement. The major outcome indicators are: increased value of production and increased production sales. By the end ofthe project, approximately 17,500 rural families are expected to have increased their value ofproduction by 10 percent and 15,000 rural families are expected to have increased their sales by 5 percent. Project description [one-sentence summary of each component] Ref: PAD B.3.a, Technical Annex 4 Component 1-Productive Investments: This includes support oftwo key productive infrastructure systems that play an important role in the development ofthe local rural economy: i)irrigation systems rehabilitation and improvements, and ii)provincial roads improvements. Component 2-Project Management: The aim ofthis component is to ensure: (i)the efficient and effective coordination and management ofthe project that will be implemented using the existing structure ofthe CHPC; (ii)an adequately functioning Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system; and (iii)a communication strategy to provide ample dissemination ofproject activities, results, implementation progress, etc. at various levels and to relevant stakeholders. Which safeguard policies are triggered, if any? Ref: PAD 0.6, Technical Annex 10 O.P. 4.01 - Environmental Assessment, O.P. 4.04 - Natural Habitats, OP4.09-Pest Management, OP 4.10-Indigenous Peoples, OP 4.36- Forests. Significant, non-standard conditions, if any, for: Re$ PAD C. 7 Board presentation: None. Loadcredit effectiveness: There is one condition of effectiveness in the Loan Agreement, which states that the Borrower should comply with Articles 30 and 3 1 ofthe Executive Decree No. 61 1 that regulates the Ley Organica de Responsabilidad, Estabilizacih y Transparencia Fiscal (LOREYTF), by (a) entering into a trust agreement (Convenio de Fideicomiso) with the Central Bank of Ecuador and (b) entering into a restitution agreement (Convenio de Restitucion de Valores) with the Guarantor. The legal opinion to be furnished to the Bank by the Guarantor under the terms ofthe Loan Agreement should include confirmation that the Borrower has complied with the condition of effectiveness referred to above. Covenants applicable to project implementation: By December 14, 2007, the Borrower has strengthened and updated its financial management system in a manner satisfactory to the Bank. Within two weeks ofthe Effective date, the Borrower shall ensure that (i)the financial management specialist/accountant, (i)the financial management assistant, and (iii)the treasury, as referred to in the Operation
Recommended publications
  • New Distributional Bird Records from the Eastern Andean Slopes of Ecuador Istributio D
    ISSN 1809-127X (online edition) © 2010 Check List and Authors Chec List Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br Journal of species lists and distribution N New distributional bird records from the eastern Andean slopes of Ecuador ISTRIBUTIO D 1,2,3* 4 RAPHIC G Alejandro Solano-Ugalde and Galo J. Real-Jibaja EO 1 G N O Fundación Imaymana, Paltapamba 476 San Pedro del Valle, Nayón. Quito, Ecuador. 2 Neblina Forest Natural History and Birding Tours, South America, Isla Floreana e8-129. Quito, Ecuador. 3 Natural History of Ecuador’s [email protected] Avifauna Group, 721 Foch y Amazonas. Quito, Ecuador. OTES 4 Real Nature, Travel Company, Casa Upano. Macas, Morona Santiago, Ecuador. N * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: Distribution of birds is dynamic. Understanding, documentation and appropriate use of new records are essential, especially when managing threatened species. Here we present novel data regarding new distributional records for 17 bird species along the Amazonian slopes of the eastern Ecuadorian Andes. The new records fill gaps on our knowledge in the distribution, both in latitude and altitude. Although knowledge on the distribution of birds on mainland Ecuador has been well studied (Fjeldså Rostrhamus sociabilis ACCIPITRIDAE during recent years an inspiring number of articles have Snail Kite Cassin, 1854 - Two beenand Krabbe published 1990; documenting Ridgely and newGreenfield discoveries 2001; on2006), the individuals in juvenile plumage were seen flying over the distribution of birds in mainland Ecuador (e.g. Freile old-Zamora Airstrip on 6 March 2008, Zamora-Chinchipe et al. province (950 m a.s.l., 03°59’ S, 78°53’ W).
    [Show full text]
  • The World Heritage Convention and the National Park Service: the First Two Decades, 1972–1992 Peter H
    The World Heritage Convention and the National Park Service: The First Two Decades, 1972–1992 Peter H. Stott Introduction As recounted in the first essay of this three-part series,1 the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (the “World Heritage Conven - tion”), was adopted by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organiza - tion (UNESCO) in 1972. The United States, and the National Park Service (NPS) in partic- ular, had important roles in its development and in negotiations leading to its adoption. The NPS Office of International Affairs (OIA), which celebrated its 50th anniversary last year, participated in all phases of that development. This essay, published in the 40th anniversary year of the convention, recounts the US role in the first two decades of the convention’s exis- tence, culminating in its 20th anniversary session in 1992 in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The United States was the first nation to ratify the new convention, and when it came into force in 1975, the US was on its governing body, the World Heritage Committee, for all but four of the sixteen committee sessions in the period through 1992. The US played a key role in the convention’s development: in addition to hosting the session of the committee at which the first sites were inscribed on the World Heritage List, at subsequent sessions it was a vocal advocate for the more problematic issues that began to appear almost immediately: the integrity of the list and the conservation of sites already inscribed. David Hales, the US Committee chair at that 1978 session in Washington, voiced the dominant sentiment of the period: We viewed the Convention as—in many ways—a US initiative and an initiative that we want- ed to help parent early on and bring it up the right way; that we felt it should be incredibly objective and unimpeachable in its judgements; that it needed to rely on professional expert- ise, not consensual votes as often dominated in some other international institutions...
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism Perspectives in Baños, Ecuador, a Municipality of the Tungurahua Aspiring Geopark Project
    Tourism perspectives in Baños, Ecuador, a municipality of the Tungurahua Aspiring Geopark project JASMINE CARDOZO MOREIRA1 AND PATRICIA ESTÉVEZ2 - 1. Department of Tourism, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Brazil <[email protected]> ¶ 2. SEDPGYM, Quito, Ecuador Baños, located in the province of Tungurahua, in the center of Ecuador, between the Andes and the Ecuadorian Amazon, has tourism as an economic base. It is one of the entrance gates to the Sangay National Park, a world heritage site, which is home to the volcano Tungurahua (Throat of Fire in Quichua, the indigenous language). The volcano has been active since 1999 and frequently spits smoke and fire. Due to its topography and natural attractions, it is a premier destination for hiking, biking, rappel, canyoning, climbing, rafting, horseback riding, bridge jumping, kayaking, among others. There are many waterfalls and deep river gorges that can be crossed with “tarabitas”. Beyond ecotourism, the area receives visitors interested in health, religious, adventure and geological tourism. With a population of 20,000 inhabitants, it has several lodging options, restaurants, 49 local tour operators, and many spa’s and public pools with the hot water from the depths of Tungurahua volcano. Many of the tour operators offer tours that are conducted on vehicles called “chiva”, a kind of truck adapted to carry passengers. The city has great accessibility and culture connected with volcanism. The Basilica of the Virgin of the Holy Water was built with volcanic rock. The Geopark Project is already being promoted in the city on the map distributed to visitors and in a specific folder about the Project, which explains what a Geopark is, and its benefits to the community.
    [Show full text]
  • World Heritage 28 COM
    World Heritage 28 COM Distribution limited WHC-04/28.COM/6 Paris, 15 April 2004 Original: English/French UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Twenty-eighth session Suzhou, China 28 June – 7 July 2004 Item 6 of the Provisional Agenda: Decisions adopted by the 27th session of the World Heritage Committee (Paris, 30 June - 5 July 2003) World Heritage 27 COM Distribution limited WHC-03/27.COM/24 Paris, 10 December 2003 Original: English/French UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Twenty-seventh session Paris, UNESCO Headquarters, Room XII 30 June – 5 July 2003 DECISIONS ADOPTED BY THE 27TH SESSION OF THE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE IN 2003 Published on behalf of the World Heritage Committee by: UNESCO World Heritage Centre 7, place de Fontenoy 75352 Paris 07 SP France Tel: +33 (0)1 4568 1571 Fax: +33(0)1 4568 5570 E-mail: [email protected] http://whc.unesco.org/ This report is available in English and French at the following addresses: http://whc.unesco.org/archive/decrec03.htm (English) http://whc.unesco.org/fr/archive/decrec03.htm (French) Second Printing, March 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. 1 Opening Session 1 2 Adoption of the agenda and the timetable 2 3 Election of the Chairperson, Vice-Chairpersons and Rapporteur 3 4 Report of the Rapporteur on the 6th extraordinary session
    [Show full text]
  • 089 Sarmiento 2002 Treeline.Pdf
    ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGE IN THE LANDSCAPES OF HIGHLAND ECUADOR* FAUSTO 0. SARMIENTO ABSTRACT. The anthropogenii nature of Andean ecosystems is discussed in the framework of tree-line dynamics in selected sites in Ecuador. Indicators of human impact are evidence of the need for a scientific understanding of neotropical mountains that is better in tune with the special conditions of tropical Andean environments. Tropandean systems are neither tropical ecosystems nor midlatitude regions, and lessons from ecologically damaging activi- ties in those ecosystems cannot be transferred readily to Tropandean systems. Better research from the ethnobiological and ecological fronts is needed if we are to comprehend the intri- cate functions of neotropical mountains, particularly the cloud-forest belt, which is regarded as the most threatened ecosystem when considering sustainability scenarios. Keywords: Andes Mountains, Ecuador, geoecology, paramos, tree-line change, tropical montane cloudforest. %istory-geological, archaeological, and agricultural-is a necessary main frame- work when delimiting the edge of the Tropandean ecoregion, or tropical montane cloud forest ( TMCF). Landscape-level conservation planning must then acknowl- edge humans as the catalyst of landscape change. Today’s TMCF landscape in fact reflects two tree lines: an upper one that correlates with the extension of grazing into the colder, higher reaches, which reduces the area of TMCFS from above; and a lower one that correlates with the ascending intensification of cropland agriculture
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara the Pachamama
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara The Pachamama Worldview in the Ecuadorian Urban Ayllu Network: Mashi Identity and Resistance in Early 21st-century Quito A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology by Cosme Francisco Caal Committee in charge: Professor John Foran, Co-Chair Professor Kum-Kum Bhavnani, Co-Chair Professor Ines Talamantez September 2014 The dissertation of Cosme Francisco Caal is approved __________________________________________________ Ines Talamantez ___________________________________________________ Kum-Kum Bhavnani, Committee Co-Chair __________________________________________________ John Foran, Committee Co-Chair June 2014 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you Kenia Mendez for all of your love and support all these years. I would also like to thank the professors in my committee for their time and support, especially John Foran who oversaw my progress of this manuscript, professor Bhavnani for her insight, and professor Talamantez for her spiritual support and guidance. Thank you Dr. Noa Logan Klein for helping me get started on the manuscript. I also would like to thank Samuel Morgan, Reginald Van Apelen, Ana Rodriguez, and the rest of my LA family. iii VITA OF COSME F. CAAL June 2014 EDUCATION Bachelor of Arts in Sociology, University of California, Irvine, 2002 (cum laude) Master of Arts in Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara, 2008 Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara, June 2012 (expected) PROFESSIONAL EMPLOYMENT 2005-12: Teaching Assistant, Sociology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara 2009: Councilmember public relations consultant, Quito, Ecuador. 2013: Council seat campaign consultant, District 13, City of Los Angeles AWARDS Rotary Ambassadorial Fellowship to Quito, Ecuador 2009 FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: indigenous political mobilization, spirituality and identity Studies in globalization and Latin America with professor William I.
    [Show full text]
  • Sangay Volcano: Ecuador
    Sangay Volcano: Ecuador drishtiias.com/printpdf/sangay-volcano-ecuador Why in News Recently, Ecuador’s Sangay volcano erupted. Key Points About Sangay Volcano: Sangay volcano is one of the highest active volcanoes in the world and one of Ecuador's most active ones. Sangay is the southernmost stratovolcano (a volcano built up of alternate layers of lava and ash) in the northern volcanic zone of the Andes. It is 5230 m high. The Andes is the longest above water mountain range in the world and boasts some of the highest peaks. Sangay National Park is located in the central part of Ecuador on the Andes mountains' eastern side. It is a world heritage site. Eruptions: The earliest report of a historical eruption was in 1628. More or less continuous eruptions were reported from 1728 until 1916, and again from 1934 to the present. Sangay has had frequent eruptions in historic times, mostly of strombolian type. Other Major Volcanoes of Ecuador: Ecuador, part of the Pacific Rim’s “Ring of Fire” region, has eight volcanoes such as Cotopaxi (5,897m), Cayambe (5,790m), Pichincha (4,784m) etc. in its territory. 1/3 Volcanic Eruptions About: Volcanic eruptions happen when lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent. The most common consequences of this are population movements as large numbers of people are often forced to flee the moving lava flow. Types: Volcanic activity and volcanic areas are commonly divided into six major types: Icelandic: It is characterized by effusions of molten basaltic lava that flow from long, parallel fissures. Such outpourings often build lava plateaus.
    [Show full text]
  • Destination Guide
    !!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ECUADOR HIGHLIGHTS Ecuador is a land of exceptional geographic and biological diversity, no more clearly displayed with its amazing Galapagos Islands. The Ecuadorian Andes are dominated by an avenue of volcanoes, 25 of them active; several of these, including Tungurahua and Sangay, have erupted in recent years. In Cotopaxi, Ecuador boasts the world’s highest active volcano, while the summit of Chimborazo, an extinct volcano and Ecuador’s highest peak, is the furthest point from the Earth’s centre. With such mountains to play with so close to Quito, it’s small wonder that Ecuador is becoming increasingly popular for trekkers and climbers searching for Andean beauty in off-the-beaten track areas. Chimborazo Volcano, Ecuador A must-see for Ecuador and indeed South America is a visit to the Galapagos Archipelago, where Charles Darwin’s words may echo through your mind. This wildlife paradise, lying 1,000 km off Ecuador’s shores, can be a life-enhancing experience. Nowhere else in the world is the wildlife so obligingly tame, the islands so rugged and the highlights so many. More wildlife and fantastic culture awaits those that journey to Ecuador’s Amazon region, to the East of the Andes, brimming with animals and folklore, which your local guide will be delighted to explain. The Pacific coast boasts palm-fringed beaches and a warm year-round climate, for those that wish to relax by the sea at the end of an adventure holiday. Ecuador’s climate varies according to season, altitude and region. The best time to visit the Andes is the dry season (June to Sept and Dec to Jan).
    [Show full text]
  • Final Evaluation of the Project: “Management of Chimborazo’S Natural Resources”
    OFFICE OF EVALUATION Project evaluation series Final Evaluation of the Project: “Management of Chimborazo’s Natural Resources” October 2018 PROJECT EVALUATION SERIES Final Evaluation of the Project: "Management of Chimborazo’s Natural Resources" GCP/ECU/080/GFF GEF ID: 3266 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS OFFICE OF EVALUATION October 2018 FAO. 2018. Final Evaluation of the Project: “Management of Chimborazo’s Natural Resources”. Rome. pp.112 (www.fao.org/evaluation). Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. © FAO, 2018 © FAO and OIE, 2018 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited.
    [Show full text]
  • Profile-Protected-Area-Fund-Ecuador
    Protected Areas: The Constitution of the Re- public of Ecuador and the Convention on Biological Diversity Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador Article 86.- “The State shall protect the people’s right to live in a healthy and ecologically balanced environment that guarantees sustainable development. It shall provide over- sight to ensure that this right is not affected and shall gua- rantee the preservation of nature”. Numeral 3 of this article declares that the national protec- ted areas are of public interest and shall be regulated in accordance with the law: “A National System of Protected Areas shall be establis- 2 hed to guarantee the conservation of biodiversity and the maintenance of ecological services in accordance with international agreements and treaties”. Convention on Biological Diversity Article 8. In-situ conserva- tion.- Each Contracting Party, as far as possible and as appropriate: “Shall establish a System of Protected Areas, or areas where special measures must be taken to conserve biological diversity.” 1 The National System of Protected Areas (NSPA) of Ecuador It has been determined that the main strategy countries should implement to conserve their biological diversity is to create protected area systems in territorial regions contai- ning a large concentration of plant and animal species. In 1976, Ecuador created the National System of Protected Areas (NSPA). The system currently encompasses 34 protec- ted areas covering 18.71% of the national territory. Due to their geographic location, climate zone and scenic beau- ty, these areas contain diverse ecosystems ranging from snow-capped mountains and Andean paramos to cloud forests, wet and dry forests, beaches and coral reefs.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecuador: Volcanic Ashfall Final Report on Early Action Phase
    Ecuador: Volcanic Ashfall Final report on early action phase EAP name: Early Action Plan for Volcanic Ash Dispersion EAP Number: EAP2019EC01 Early Action Protocol approved: April 2019 EAP timeframe: 5 years Early action trigger date: 21 September 2020 Early action duration: 2 months End date: 21 November 2020 Number of people assisted: 5,000 people (1,000 families) Early action phase budget: 105,926 Swiss francs Host National Society: Ecuadorian Red Cross Other National Societies involved in the EAP: German Red Cross Partner organizations involved in the EAP: Geophysical Date of report: 19 April 2021 Institute of the National Polytechnic School (IGEPN) ˂For the final financial report, click here. For Contacts, click here.˃ The IFRC’s Programme and Operations Division approved the Ecuadorian Red Cross’s Early Action Protocol (EAP) for Ecuador: Volcanic Ashfall in April 2019 with a timeframe of five years and a budget of 246,586 Swiss francs, consisting of 140,660 Swiss francs for readiness and prepositioning and 105,926 Swiss francs for early action. Of the early action amount, the operation’s expenditures were 84,672 Swiss francs. The remaining 21,245 Swiss francs will be returned to the Forecast-based Action (by the DREF). The EAP is funded from the IFRC’s FbA (by the DREF) by which allocations are drawn on annual basis to cover readiness and pre-positioning costs and as a one off upon trigger to implement early actions. The IFRC sincerely thanks ECHO for providing 50,000 US dollars at the beginning of the intervention (29 September 2020) to replenish the launch of actions with the activation of the EAP.
    [Show full text]
  • A Nature Tourism Route Through GIS to Improve the Visibility of the Natural Resources of the Altar Volcano, Sangay National Park, Ecuador
    land Article A Nature Tourism Route through GIS to Improve the Visibility of the Natural Resources of the Altar Volcano, Sangay National Park, Ecuador Alex Vinicio Gavilanes Montoya 1 , José Fernando Esparza Parra 1, Carlos Renato Chávez Velásquez 1 , Paúl Eduardo Tito Guanuche 2,3, Grace Maribel Parra Vintimilla 4, Carlos Mestanza-Ramón 5,6,* and Danny Daniel Castillo Vizuete 1,* 1 Faculty of Natural Resources, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), 1 Panamericana Sur km 1 2 , Riobamba EC-060155, Ecuador; [email protected] (A.V.G.M.); [email protected] (J.F.E.P.); [email protected] (C.R.C.V.) 2 Ministerio de Ambiente, Agua y Transición Ecológica del Ecuador, Chile 10-51 y Darquea, Riobamba EC-060155, Ecuador; [email protected] 3 Investigador Asociado—Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad del Ecuador, Pje. Rumipamba N. 341 y Av. de los Shyris (Parque La Carolina), Quito EC-170150, Ecuador 4 Citation: Gavilanes Montoya, A.V.; Red Iberoamericana de Investigadores en Turismo y Territorio, Avenida 11 de noviembre y Canónigo Ramos, Esparza Parra, J.F.; Chávez Velásquez, Riobamba EC-060155, Ecuador; [email protected] 5 Departamento Economía Financiera y Dirección de Operaciones, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Sevilla, Spain C.R.; Tito Guanuche, P.E.; Parra 6 Instituto Superior Tecnológico Universitario Oriente, La Joya de los Sachas EC-220101, Ecuador Vintimilla, G.M.; Mestanza-Ramón, * Correspondence: [email protected] (C.M.-R.); [email protected] (D.D.C.V.); C.; Castillo Vizuete, D.D. A Nature Tel.: +593-968277770 (C.M.-R.); +593-987712497 (D.D.C.V.) Tourism Route through GIS to Improve the Visibility of the Natural Abstract: Tourism in natural areas attracts people seeking contact with pristine ecosystems as Resources of the Altar Volcano, opposed to a polluted urban habitat and a stressful pace of life.
    [Show full text]