Parasteatoda Tepidariorum

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Parasteatoda tepidario rum Regno: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Classe: Arachnida Ordine : Araneae Famiglia: Theridiidae Genere: Parasteatoda Specie: Parasteatoda tepidariorum Distinzione fra sessi e caratteristiche del corpo MASCHIO - Corpo lungo 3,5 - 4 mm. - Opistoma di colore marrone grigio giallo con macchie scure irregolari. - Zampe di color rossastro con anelli di colore nero chiaro . - Cef alotorace di colore rosso scuro. FEMMINA - Corpo lungo 4,5 - 7mm. - Opistoma di colore marrone grigio giallo con macchie scure irregolari. - Zampe di color grigio e marrone chiaro con anelli di colore nero scuro. - Cefalotorace di colore giallastro marrone negli. OVISACCHI - Grossi dai 6 ai 9 mm. - Forma di pera. - Colore grigio marroncino. - Contiene al suo interno massimo 500 uova ( Non tutte fecondate). PICCOLI - Grossi pochi mm. - Colore giallastro marroncino. Diffusione Questo ragno fu scoperto e descritto in Europa anche se si ipotizza che questa specie sia originaria del Sud e Centro America poiché , lì , ci sono molti loro parenti e perché i primi continenti a essere stati “colonizzati” da questi ragni sono le Americhe ; anche se ormai oggi questa specie vive in quasi tutto il globo. Oggi uno dei continenti con più esemplari di questa specie è l’Europa. Questa specie ama i climi caldi e quindi la si può trovare spesso in serre o nelle case. Ed è per questo motivo che il l oro nome internazionale è divenuto “Common house spider” tradotto ragno comune di casa. Anche se parente della vedova nera, non presenta un veleno mortale per l’uomo, ed è forse per questo motivo che la specie è riuscita a diffondersi in tanti territori t ra loro diversi . Sinonimia Questa specie fu conosciuta per molti anni con il nome di Theridion tepidariorum( questo nome gli fu dato da Koch nel 1841). Archer , tra il 1947 e 1950 scoprì un nuovo genere chiamato Parasteatoda, nel 1955 Levi però decise di cambiare il nome del genere in Achaearanea. Ma nel 2006 il nome Parasteatoda fu “riportato alla luce” da Saaristo Robert Koch : medic o, batteriologo e microbiologo tedesco Michael Archer : paleontologo australiano specializzato nei vertebrati . Primo Levi : scrittore e chimico italiano Comportamento Questa specie di ragno è solita fare ragnatele a foglio( la grandezza dipende dallo spazio in cui il ragno solitamente vive); su queste ragnatele il ragno fa calare dei fili, che all’estremità inferiore sono “collosi”, questi sono le armi da cattura usati dal ragno. Gli ovisacchi sono spesso fissati alla tela. Non sono ragni aggressivi e tendono a mordere solo se li si tiene malamente in mano( come stringerli fra le dita o cercare schiacciarli).Se tenuti in mano l’ unica cosa che fanno è cercare di scappare. Il loro veleno è quasi insignificante per gli esseri umani, l’unico problema che potrebbe dare il veleno, molto raramente, è u n prurito nella parte colpita. A volt e nella stessa tela vivono più ragni , qualche volta, anche una coppia. I maschi non sfidano quasi mai le femmine adulte, date le dimensioni delle seconde, appena citate. .

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Redescription and Generic Placement of the Spider Cryptachaea
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