47069-002: Henan Hebi Qihe River Environmental Improvement And

Addendum to Initial Environmental Examination

Project Number: 47069-002 April 2020

PRC: Henan Hebi Qihe River Environmental Improvement and Ecological Conservation Project

Prepared by the Hebi City Government for the Asian Development Bank, with assistance from ESD Group Limited.

This addendum to initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Addendum to Initial Environmental Examination

Project number: 47069-001 December 2019; revised January and finalized April 2020

People’s Republic of China: Henan Hebi Qihe River Environmental Improvement and Ecological Conservation Project

Prepared by the Hebi City Government for the Asian Development Bank, with assistance from ESD Group Limited

This is an addendum IEE to the EIA originally posted in September 2015 available on https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-document/174834/47069-002-eia-02.pdf

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 9 December 2019) Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) CNY 1.00 = $ 0.1422 $ 1.00 = CNY 7.0348

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank IMn Permanganate index BOD5 5-day biochemical oxygen demand LIEC Loan implementation environmental consultant CNY Chinese Yuan MEP Ministry of Environment Protection COD Chemical oxygen demand MIS Management Information System DO Dissolved oxygen NWP National Wetland Park EA Executing Agency PEP Precipitation EIA Environmental impact assessment PM2.5 Particulate matter with diameter<2.5μ EIR Environmental Impact Report PM10 Particulate matter with diameter<10μ EIT Environmental Impact Table PMO project management office EMP Environmental Management Plan PRC People’s Republic of China EMA Environment monitoring agency RP Resettlement Plan EPB Environmental Protection Bureau SFA State Forestry Administration FSR Feasibility Study Report SWCR Soil and Water Conservation Report FYP Five Year Plan SOE State Owned Enterprise GDP Gross domestic product SPS Safeguard Policy Statement GHG Greenhouse gas TN Total Nitrogen GRM Grievance redress mechanism TP Total Phosphorus HCG Hebi City Government TSP Total Suspended Particulates HPG Henan Provincial Government WHO World Health Organization IA Implementing Agency WRB Water Resources Bureau WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

oC degree centigrade m3 cubic meter dB decibel m3/a cubic meter per annum ha hectare (10,000 m2) m3/d cubic meter per day kg kilogram mg/kg milligram per kilogram km kilometer mg/l milligram per liter km2 square kilometer mg/m3 milligram per cubic meter kW kilowatt mu Chinese land unit (1 ha=15 mu) L liter MW megawatt (1 million watts) m meter t metric ton (1,000 kg) m2 square meter t/a ton per annum

NOTE

(i) In the report, “$” refers to US dollars.

This addendum IEE is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website.

Contents

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 4 A. INTRODUCTION ...... 4 B. THE PROJECT SCOPE CHANGE ...... 4 C. PROJECT FEATURES AND BENEFITS ...... 5 D. BASELINE ENVIRONMENT ...... 5 E. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES...... 6 F. CLIMATE CHANGE ...... 6 G. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 7 H. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 7 I. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 7 J. RISKS AND ASSURANCES ...... 8 K. CONCLUSION ...... 8 II. INTRODUCTION ...... 9 III. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK...... 14 A. POLICY AND PLANNING CONTEXT ...... 14 B. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE PRC ...... 14 C. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS...... 16 D. APPLICABLE PRC AND ADB POLICIES AND ASSESSMENT CATEGORIES ...... 16 E. ASSESSMENT STANDARDS ...... 16

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT SCOPE CHANGE ...... 20 A. PROPOSED PROJECT SCOPE CHANGE ...... 20 B. QIBIN DISTRICT URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SUBPROJECT ...... 25 C. QIHE RIVER ECOLOGICAL WETLAND RESERVE REHABILITATION SUBPROJECT ...... 35 D. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION ...... 64 E. ASSOCIATED FACILITIES...... 64

V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 66 A. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ...... 66 B. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AT THE PROJECT SITES ...... 68 C. ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES ...... 72 D. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ...... 82 E. PROTECTED AREAS, RESERVES, AND PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES ...... 82

VI. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 84 A. POSITIVE IMPACT AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ...... 84 B. POTENTIAL ADVERSE IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 85 C. POTENTIAL INDIRECT, INDUCED, AND CUMULATIVE IMPACTS...... 103 D. CLIMATE RISK VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT ...... 103

VII. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 106 A. NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE ...... 106 B. ALTERNATIVES FOR QIBIN DISTRICT URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ...... 106 C. ALTERNATIVES FOR QIHE RIVER WETLAND REHABILITATION ...... 107

VIII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 108 A. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 108 B. QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY ...... 110 C. INTERVIEW AND DISCUSSION FORUMS ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS ...... 110 D. FUTURE INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 111

IX. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 113 X. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 113 XI. CONCLUSIONS ...... 114 ATTACHMENT 1. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 115

A. OBJECTIVES ...... 116 B. ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR RESPONSIBILITIES FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION ...... 116 C. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 118 D. MONITORING AND REPORTING...... 130 E. TRAINING ...... 133 F. PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...... 134 G. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 135 H. COST ESTIMATES ...... 137 I. MECHANISMS FOR FEEDBACK AND ADJUSTMENT ...... 138

iii

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. Introduction

This addendum IEE to the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is prepared for the scope changes of the Henan Hebi Qihe River Environmental Improvement and Ecological Conservation Project (the Project).

The Hebi City Government (HCG) has requested the Asian Development (ADB) to provide lending support to implement the Henan Hebi Qihe River Environmental Improvement and Ecological Conservation Project. The project EIA, including Environmental Management Plan (EMP) was prepared in accordance with the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).

The loan for $150 million was approved by ADB Board on 29 June 2016. The loan became effective on 13 March 2017. During the implementation of the loan project, due to land availability and changes in Qibin District’s urban development plan, minor changes in the project scope was proposed (Table II-1).

Under ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009, the project was initially categorized as category “A” for environment, requiring preparation of an EIA. The EIA subsequently clarified that the project has relatively low environmental risks and which are commensurate with the SPS category “B” for environment. The newly added and re-designed subprojects are the same as original subprojects in terms of the nature and seriousness of its environmental impacts. Thus, an addendum IEE including an environmental management plan (EMP) is requested by the ADB Special Project Administration Mission, 19 – 23 August 2019.

Environmental due diligence has been conducted for the scope changes by loan implementation consultants including environment consultant and wetland consultant in September-December 2019. This addendum IEE has been prepared in compliance with the ADB’s SPS requirements. It summarizes the findings of the environmental due diligence conducted by the loan implementation consultant including: (i) review of Feasibility Study Reports, Soil and Water Conservation Report, and two domestic EIAs; (ii) fieldwork conducted between August 2019 and October by a consultant team; (iii) discussions with key project stakeholders, including amongst others, Hebi EPB, Forest Bureau, Construction Bureau, Land administration Bureau, Water Resource Bureau; (iv) consultations with local affected people by the PIAs with assistance from loan implementation consultants.

B. The Project Scope Change

The project scope changes include:

(i) Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject. To cancel four contract packages related to stormwater pipeline and sewer construction in Qibin District under component (iii) due to changes in the urban development plan

(ii) Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject. To re-design four contract packages related to stormwater pipeline and sewer construction in Qibin district under project’s component (iii): wastewater and solid waste management. The contract packages is re-designed for installation of wastewater and stormwater collection pipes and including associated road construction in Qibin District in accordance with the changed urban development plan.

(iii) Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject. To add three new subprojects into project’s component (i): restoration of vegetation and wetlands in the upper Qihe River basin. The 3 new subprojects include: (1) Qihe River south bank ecological wetland restoration and ecological park construction, including (a) riverbank restoration and revegetation of the buffer zones; and (b) restoration of wetlands. (2) Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration, including greening; (3) Qihe River Panshitou Reservoir environmental improvement, including (a) rehabilitation of hills, quarries, and creeks and installation of an ecological irrigation system for the rehabilitation; and (b) installation of small-scale ecological wastewater treatment facilities.

C. Project Features and Benefits

Activities of the new subprojects mainly include: (i) construction road network in Qibin District; and (ii) revegetation and restoration of wetlands in the Upper Qihe River basin.

The road component will reduce traffic congestion, and help the Hebi City establish efficient, safe, sustainable and environmentally friendly urban transport systems, including public transportation facilities, pedestrian crossings, traffic management facilities and landscaping. The sewer collection, and stormwater drainage component will benefit the local environment, economies and residents’ health and safety.

The revegetation and restoration of wetland components will benefits the local and global environment, include: (i) soil erosion in the Qi catchment reduced by 810 tons per year, due to the re-vegetation of barren hills and conversion of abandoned farmland to forest; (ii) carbon sink established due to the re-vegetation activities, which will sequester approximately 1,995 tons CO2e per year. (Section VI.D); (iii) prevent 6,600 t/d untreated wastewater from directly discharging into Qihe River, and thus reduce 521t/a of BOD5, 993t/a of COD, 62t/a of NH3-N discharging into Qihe River; (iv) protect biodiversity by creation and restoration of 27.7 ha of habitat, and construction of 42.50ha wetland park.

D. Baseline Environment

The project area comprises an 83-km section of the Qi River. Panshitou Reservoir, a part of the project area, is situated along the Qihe River. The rest project area begins downstream of the dam and extends to the confluence of the Qi and Wei Rivers. The river within the project area can be broadly divided into three sections: the upper section (23.7 km), middle section (14.3 km) and lower section (45 km). The upstream section comprises a shallow, swift-flowing river less than 80 m wide, with rocky substrate, interspersed with slower- flowing sections with deeper pools. River banks are rocky and vegetated or support villages and associated agricultural land. The middle section of the Qihe is urbanized and highly populated. The mainstream is over 100 m wide and almost entirely embanked. Large towns occur along the riverbanks and tributaries. Most tributaries have been converted to artificial canals and are dredged and embanked. The lower section supports few settlements and flows through agricultural land. Here the river is slow-flowing and banks are partly vegetated. All surface water flow in the Qihe is heavily regulated, by Panshitou Reservoir in the headwaters, and approximately nine barrages along the mainstream.

Project sampling of environmental parameters indicated the following. For surface water quality, samples of Qihe River complied with Grade II of the PRC standard GB 3838- 2002. For ambient air quality, samples complied with Class II air quality standards and the World Bank Group’s (EBG) Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) interim targets. For ecology, the Qihe River wetland supports significant biodiversity conservation values.

E. Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

The major safeguards issues during construction include: permanent and temporary acquisition of land and population resettlement, disturbance to migratory and/or nesting waterbird communities, earthwork and soil erosion, noise pollution, air pollution, surface and groundwater pollution, solid waste disposal, and occupational and community health and safety.

During operation, the main potential adverse impacts include: traffic noise and air quality at some sensitive residential areas; surface water pollution from stormwater, wastewater and solid waste; possible effects on wetland habitats and fauna through noise and water pollution from increased tourism activities.

Mitigation and monitoring measures were defined for all identified impacts, and are included in the environmental management plans (EMP). The EMP sets out the procedures and plans to carry out mitigation measures and monitoring requirements during sequential stages of the project (pre-construction, construction and operational phases). It consists of two plans, one for implementing mitigation measures and the other for carrying out environmental monitoring. For each impact, appropriate mitigation measures are described. Internal, external and compliance monitoring and supervision will be undertaken to ensure that environmental impacts will be minimized to acceptable levels.

The domestic EIAs and this addendum IEE conclude that all identified impacts can be mitigated to acceptable levels if the measures defined in the EMP are carefully implemented and monitored. The environmental mitigation measures will be incorporated in the bidding documents and bill of quantities of the civil works contracts. International and domestic environment consultants will be recruited under the project management consultancy services to prepare and supervise the implementation of the environmental management plan, monitor the environmental and social impacts, and prepare related reports. Hebi environmental protection bureaus will support the PMO, PIUs, contractors and CSCs in undertaking the environmental management plans. Capacity building in environmental management, a detailed training program for which has been developed in the EMP, will be provided for the PMO, PIUs, contractors, CSCs and operators, to ensure adequate institutional capacity in managing the environmental impacts.

14. A climate risk vulnerability assessment was conducted to identify the threat that climate change presents to project viability, assuming a design life of 40–50 years. Modeling indicates that between 2020 and 2070, mean annual temperatures will rise, the risk of extreme climate events (including severe storms, floods, and drought) will increase, and that variability in precipitation will increase, causing more rainy days and dry days. Such events could cause: flood volumes which exceed the capacity of the project pipelines and, changes in temperature or water availability which affect the growth and survival of the planted vegetation

F. Climate Change

15. The project includes the following measures to accommodate these risks: (i) the embankments, channels and pipelines have been designed to PRC flood protection standards, taking into account local topography and climate; (ii) plant species selected for revegetation of the barren hills will comprise species suited to the seasonally dry climate, harsh winters, and shallow, rocky soils of the area. Overall, the existing project design is oriented to achieve resilience to climate impacts. Improved capacity to manage wastewater are integrated in the project design as specific outputs, while improved management of wetlands in the upper Qi River, and re-vegetation of surrounding hillsides, will improve water retention and filtration. Non-structural measures will supplement these measures, including training in wetland and water resources management.

G. Information Disclosure and Public Consultation

16. Information disclosure of project information and related environmental issues was conducted twice on the local public media website (http://www.EIAfans.com) in November 2019 and March 2019 respectively. The first time was at the commencement of domestic environmental assessment preparation and the second was when the draft domestic assessments were completed. Besides the website disclosure, the project information was also publicized on local newspapers and village community posters in March 2019. No objections to the project were received.

A questionnaire survey by the EIA institute was conducted in March 2019 of potential affected residents and groups in Qibin District and Qi County. 100 questionnaires were issued and 100% were returned. The majority (93%) reviewed the project would be beneficial to local environment. 100% are very supportive to the project.

Interview and meetings with 17 (Qibin District) and 18 (Qi County) staff of local government departments and village representatives were held on 5 September 2019. Representatives from the PIUs explained the project scope, EIA institutes explained the findings from domestic EIAs on potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures. The LIEC explained the EMP and project-specific GRM. Concern was raised by the forum participants in Qi County in include domestic solid waste issue in the river courses, and the survival rate of the planted trees. All participants expressed support for the project. Measures to address these concerns have been incorporated in the mitigation measures (EMP; Attachment 1).

H. Grievance Redress Mechanism

A project-specific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been prepared for the project. The GRM provides people affected by the project with a channel to register their grievance. The GRM comprises a series of time-based steps to ensure any concerns are quickly and effectively addressed. The GRM will be coordinated by the Hebi Project Management Office (PMO). It will include a complaint center with hotline for receiving environmental and resettlement grievances and will be accessible to diverse members of the community. Multiple points of entry, including face-to-face meetings, written complaints, telephone conversations, or e-mail, are included in the GRM. The GRM is included in the EMP.

I. Environmental Management Plan

As part of this EIA, a project environmental management plan (EMP) has been developed (Attachment 1). This describes the project requirements for environmental mitigation measures, monitoring, reporting, roles and responsibilities, budget, and the project GRM. The EMP will be the key guiding document for environmental-related issues for project construction and operation. It will be included as an annex in all bidding and contract documents. The contractors will be made aware of their obligations to implement the EMP and to budget EMP implementation costs in their proposals. HCG (through the PMO) and the implementing agencies (through the project implementing units; PIUs) will assume overall responsibility for implementing, supervising, monitoring and reporting on the EMP. PMO and PIU capacity to implement the EMP will be strengthened through capacity building and training activities defined in the EMP. The PMO and PIUs will appoint qualified environmental staff to coordinate and monitor EMP implementation. A loan implementation environmental consultant (LIEC) will be funded under the ADB loan to assist the PMO and PIU’s in EMP implementation, environmental training and semi-annual environmental monitoring report preparation.

J. Risks and Assurances

The Project EIA assessed the risk and proposed assurances such as designated PMO environmental officers, recruitment environmental and wetland consultant and etc.. Since the project features and project area are similar to the original proposal. No additional assurances is needed.

K. Conclusion

It is concluded that full and effective implementation of the project EMP (Attachment 1), together with the training and project assurances, will minimize the environmental risks of the project and achieve compliance with the policy and regulatory standards applied in this addendum IEE.

II. INTRODUCTION

Environmental categorization and assessment at appraisal. The Project was classified by ADB as Environment Category A. The project EIA, including Environmental Management Plan (EMP) was prepared in accordance with the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009).

Environmental categorization and assessment for the project scope change. The project EIA stated that “Under ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) the project was initially categorized as category “A” for environment, requiring preparation of an EIA. The EIA subsequently clarified that the project has relatively low environmental risks and which are commensurate with the SPS category “B” for environment “(Refer footnote 2 of the Project EIA)1. The newly added and re-designed subprojects are the same as original subprojects in terms of the nature and seriousness of its environmental impacts. Thus, an addendum IEE including an environmental management plan (EMP) is requested by the ADB Special Project Administration Mission, 19 – 23 August 2019.

The Project scope at appraisal (2015). The Hebi City Government (HCG) has requested the Asian Development (ADB) to provide lending support to implement the Henan Hebi Qihe River Environmental Improvement and Ecological Conservation Project. The impact of the project will be restored ecosystem services in the Qihe River basin and the outcome will be demonstrated integrated environmental management in the Qihe River basin in Hebi city. The project has four components:

(i) Restoration of vegetation and wetlands in the upper Qihe River basin; (ii) Improvement of flood management capacity of the lower Qihe River; (iii) Enhancement of wastewater and solid-waste management in the Qihe River basin, and (iv) Strengthening of technical and institutional support system and capacity for integrated management of the Qihe River basin.

Proposed project scope change. The loan for $150 million was approved by ADB Board on 29 June 2016. The loan became effective on 13 March 2017. During the implementation of the loan project, due to land availability and changes in Qibin District’s urban development plan, minor changes in the project scope was proposed (Table II-1) including:

(iv) Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject. To cancel four contract packages related to stormwater pipeline and sewer construction in Qibin District under component (iii). WW-CW-02 due to unavailability of land caused by the changed urban development plan; and WW-CW-04, WW-CW- 09, and WW-CW-10 due to changes in the urban development plan

1 EIA report for the Henan Hebi Qihe River Environmental Improvement and Ecological Conservation Project https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/project-document/174834/47069-002-eia-02.pdf

(v) Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject. To re-design four contract packages (WW-CW-03, WW-CW-05, WW-CW-06, and WW-CW- 07) related to stormwater pipeline and sewer construction in Qibin district under project’s component (iii): wastewater and solid waste management. The contract packages is re-designed for installation of wastewater and stormwater collection pipes and including associated road construction in Qibin District in accordance with the changed urban development plan.

(vi) Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject. To add three new subprojects into project’s component (i): restoration of vegetation and wetlands in the upper Qihe River basin. The 3 new subprojects include: (1) Qihe River south bank ecological wetland restoration and ecological park construction, including (a) riverbank restoration and revegetation of the buffer zones; and (b) restoration of wetlands. (2) Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration, including greening; (3) Qihe River Panshitou Reservoir environmental improvement, including (a) rehabilitation of hills, quarries, and creeks and installation of an ecological irrigation system for the rehabilitation; and (b) installation of small-scale ecological wastewater treatment facilities

Table II-1 Summary of Project Scope Changes Output Original activities Activities after scope change 1 Ecological conservation and Ecological conservation and environmental environmental management of upper management of upper Qihe River and its Qihe River and its watershed enhanced watershed enhanced [Qibin District] 1.1 Qihe River Upstream Ecological Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Protection Rehabilitation Subproject 1.1.1 Barren hill greening (1,346 ha; 19 hills) No change 1.1.2 Barren hill community maintenance No change (irrigation, pest control, patrol) 1.1.3 Barren hill monitoring of planted vegetation No change 1.1.4 Qihe River south bank ecological wetland restoration and ecological park construction, including (a) riverbank restoration and revegetation of the buffer zones; and (b) restoration of wetlands (c) Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration, including greening 1.1.5 Qihe River Panshitou Reservoir environmental improvement, including (a) rehabilitation of hills, quarries, and creeks and installation of an ecological irrigation system for the rehabilitation; and (b) installation of small-scale ecological wastewater treatment facilities 1.2 Restoration and management of pilot Restoration and management of pilot Qihe Qihe River National Wetland Park River National Wetland Park 1.2.1 Habitat restoration and creation (marsh No change land restoration 36.3 ha; (habitat creation:12.3 ha) 1.2.2 Protection of flagship species (fencing No change 1,589 m; signage: 300) 1.2.3 Re-vegetation and restoration of No change riverbanks (3.9 km) 1.2.4 Re-vegetation (49.2 ha) No change 1.2.5 Infrastructure: (i) upgrade existing public No change access road (3.2 km) and patrol road (6.3 km); construct new patrol road (2.5 km) and walking paths (4.4 km); (ii) research and monitoring center (500m2), field

Output Original activities Activities after scope change stations (160m2), bird hides, ecological monitoring equipment; (iii) management and service facilities (management office, public toilets, power and water supply, drainage) 1.2.6 Establishment of park management No change agency and first five-year management plan 1.2.7 Park monitoring program No change 1.2.8 Community participation in park monitoring No change (local river guards) 2 Lower Qihe River Mainstream and No change tributaries improved [Qibin District, Qi County, Xun County] 2.1 Qihe Mainstream Watercourse No change Improvement in Qi County (21 km) 2.1.1 Mainstream bank stabilization (Gabion No change works – 14 locations along both banks; total works about 4.08 km ) 2.1.2 Crest road paving (42 km; 21 km along No change each bank) 2.2 Four Tributary Watercourse No change Improvement in Qi County 2.2.1 Channel widening, dredging, bank No change protection (Side River 9.5 km, Zhaojia Canal 9.8 km, Zhejing River 6.62 km, Hucheng River, including Longxui ditch with a length 5.92; total 31.84 km) 2.2.2 Riverside greening (Side River, Zhaojia No change Canal; total 11.5 km) 2.3 Five Canal Watercourse Improvement in No change Qibin District 2.3.1 Canal widening, dredging, bank protection No change (Tianlai 5.15 km, Mianfeng 0.97 km, Erzhi 0.73 km; total 6.852 km) 2.3.2 Canal repair (Sanzhi 2.84 km, Sizhi 1.6 km; No change total 4.44 km) 2.3.3 Riverside greening at a total length of No change 11.3km along Tianlai, Mianfeng, Erzhi Canals and Sanzhi and Sizhi Canals (up to 15 m width on each river side along Tianlai, Mianfeng, and Erzhi Canals, and up to 10 m width along Shanzhi and Sizhi Canals) 2.3.4 Supporting facilities (irrigation, bank-side No change walkways, landscaping) 3 Wastewater and Solid Waste Wastewater and Solid Waste Management in Management in the Qihe River Basin the Qihe River Basin improved improved 3.1 Qibin District Wastewater Management Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject 3.1.1 Stormwater pipeline construction Stormwater pipeline construction (Dalaidian 33.87 (Dalaidian 7.76 km; Juqiao 73.77 km; total km) 81.53 km) 3.1.2 Sanitary sewer installation (Dalaidian Sanitary sewer installation 21.48 km; Juqiao 68.85 km; total 90.33 km. (i) Dalaidian 33.44km including 10.45km of roads Includes connection to Qibin WWTP + are under construction and 22.99 km to be planned Qishuiwan WWTP constructed. (ii) Juqiao 4.34 km

Output Original activities Activities after scope change 3.1.3 13 roads construction with a total length of 22.93km in dalaidian 3.2 Qi County Wastewater Management No change 3.2.1 Qi County WWTP expansion (30,000 No change tons/d to 60,000 tons/d) 3.2.2 Stormwater pipeline construction (132.49 No change km) 3.2.3 Sanitary sewer installation (69.12 km) No change 3.3 Solid Waste Management [Qi County, No change Qibin District] 3.3.1 Urban–15 domestic waste transfer stations No change (capacity 20 t/d) including equipment for compaction, odor removal, 44 transport vehicles (Qi County) 3.3.2 Rural–upper Qihe: install litter bins, waste No change transport vehicles in 13 villages (Qibin District–6; Qi County–7) 3.3.3 Rural–lower Qihe: install litter bins, waste No change transport vehicles in 20 villages (Qi County) 3.3.4 Pilot community-led waste management No change system – awareness raising and waste collection (Qi County and Qibin District) 3.3.5 Domestic study tours for capacity building No change of relevant agencies and support the development of a better solid waste management system 4 Institutional and technical support No change system for integrated management of the Qihe River Basin improved [Qi County, Qibin District] 4.1 Qihe River Ecological Monitoring Program No change (ecology and hydrology) 4.2 Qihe River Basin Management Information No change System 4.1 Project start-up support consulting No change services 4.2 Loan implementation consulting services No change 4.3 External resettlement monitoring and No change evaluation 4.5 Training for project management and other No change training costs

The scope changed and newly added subprojects and activities are summarized in Table II-2.

Table II-2 Summary of Project Outputs and Subcomponents with Scope Changes Output Activities 1 Ecological conservation and environmental management of upper Qihe River and its watershed enhanced 1.1 Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject 1.1.1 Wetland restoration and revegetation at south bank of Qihe River- Creation and restoration of 21.27ha of habitat, and revegetation of 59.15ha on south bank of Qihe River 1.1.2 Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration - Revegetation for an area of 160.23ha including ecological forest area of 77.61ha and ecological forest area of 82.62ha 1.1.3 Ecological park construction - Construction of three wetland parks with total area of 60ha near Wanghe, Wangtan and Dujia villages respectively. Revegetation of 42.5ha including 2.03ha of aquatic and 40.47ha of terrestrial plants

Output Activities 1.1.4 Infrastructure construction - Construction 40.69km of roads, installation of 3,804km of fencing and signage 1.2 Panshitou Reservoir Environment Improvement 1.2.1 Afforestation of islands and barren hills within the reservoir area (73.33ha). - Including the reservoir island, the hillside behind the island and two Peninsula barren hills 1.2.2 Afforestation of Barren slopes around reservoir area (27.20ha). including greening at slope of upstream of spillway, the exit slope, the slope of the left dam head, abandoned quarry sites during construction of the reservoir 1.2.3 Environment improvement of Qihe River and villages downstream of the Dam. Including (i) Remove 7,700t of waste and afforestation of 0.8ha at the area near Yangzhaigou village; (ii) Remove 3,300t of waste and afforestation of 12.87ha at the area near Gongjiazhuang village; (iii) Qihe River environment improvement to 1.6km downstream, wetland restoration 1.60ha, with 1,500 arbors and shrubs and 208,900 aquatic plants planted. 1.2.4 Abandoned quarry site slope stabilization and greening. Slope stabilization area 7.20ha, slope greening 10ha 1.2.5 Reservoir infrastructure. (i) Construction of buildings (1,339 m2) including upgrade gate chamber (1,230m2), newly build 4 safety monitoring rooms (60.8 m2), newly build 4 ecological toilets and a mobile power management room (48m2) (ii) Water supply pipelines (2.44km) for reservoir management rooms. (iii) Wharf upgrading and management office construction. Expand the existing floating wharf with 6 wooden platforms and construct an 2-floor management office which covers an area of 48m2 (iv) Roads. Repairing 1.95km and newly build 2.95km of roads with width of 6-8m. 3 Wastewater and Solid Waste Management in the Qihe River Basin improved 3.1 Qibin District Urban Environment Improvement 3.1.1 Stormwater pipeline construction. 33.87 km (DN600-1800) in Dalaidian Town Area and Juqiao Area in Qibin District 3.1.2 Sanitary sewer installation. 27.33km (DN400-1000) in Dalaidian Town Area and Juqiao Area in Qibin District 3.1.3 Roads. Construction of 13 roads with a total length of 22.93km in Dalaidian Town Source: summarized based on FSRs.

Basis of the Addendum IEE preparation. The addendum IEE was prepared based on the following environmental due diligence:

(i) Review of Feasibility Study Report (FSR) of Qibin Urban Environmental Management subproject prepared by Beijing Zhongjin Mindray Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd. (ii) Review of Soil and Water Conservation Report (SWCR) for the Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject. (iii) Review of two domestic EIA reports prepared by the Henan Keren Science and Technology Co., Ltd in July 2019. (iv) Review of original Project EIA prepared by the PPTA team; (v) Fieldwork conducted between August 2019 and October by a consultant team for the loan project implementation; (vi) Discussions with key project stakeholders, including amongst others, Hebi EPB, Forest Bureau, Construction Bureau, Land administration Bureau, Water Resource Bureau; (vii) Consultations with local affected people by the PIAs with assistance from loan implementation consultants

III. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. Policy and Planning Context

The project is conducted within the framework of, and contributes to implementation of, the following plans:

• 12th Five Year Plan for Environment Protection in Hebi City (2011-2015). This requires improvements of rivers flowing through the city and increasing investments in construction of supporting sewage pipe network. • Master Plan for Hebi City Qihe River Ecological Areas (2010–2020). This divides the Qihe River into three functional areas: ecosystem protection area in upstream; rehabilitation and utilization in midstream; and, utilization with protective measures in downstream. • Hebi Urban Master Plan (2007-2020). This defines objectives to strengthen the protection of biological resources, rehabilitate wetlands, and increase the forest coverage up to 45%. The Qihe River is listed as a priority for ecological protection. • River Rehabilitation Planning for Major Rivers in Hai River Basin in Hebi City of Henan Province (2013-2015). Under this plan, the upper Qi is required to meet the 50 year flood standard; and the lower section, Side River and Zhaojia Canal the 20 year standard. • Management Methods for Development and Protection of Qihe River (2002). This requires the development of the Qihe River to follow the principle of “coordinated development and environment protection”. • Measures for Qihe River Protection (2011). Defines three protection zones (Grades I–III) for the river.

B. Legislative Framework for Environment Impact Assessment in the PRC

The domestic environment impact assessments (DEIAs) conducted for the project were prepared under the EIA Law of 2003, Management Guideline on EIA Categories of construction Projects (2015), and other relevant laws and regulations (Table III-1 and Table III- 2).

Table III-1 Applicable Environmental Laws Title of the Law Year Environmental Protection Law 2015 Environmental Impact Assessment Law 2018 Water Law 2016 Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law 2018 Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law 2018 Noise Pollution Control Law 2018 Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law 2016 Water and Soil Conservation Law 2011 Forest Law 2009 Wild Fauna Protection Law 2018 Cleaner Production Promotion Law 2012 Land Administration Law 2004 Circular Economy Promotion Law 2018 Protection of Cultural Relics Law 2017 Flood Control Law 1998 Urban and Rural Planning Law 2008

Table III-2 Applicable Administrative Regulations Regulation Year Regulation on EIA of Plans and Programs 2009 Regulation on Environmental Protection Management for Construction Projects 2017 Directive on Wetland Protection and Management 2013 Regulation on Culture Heritage Protection 2017 Regulation on River Course Management 2017 Classification of Construction Project Environmental Protection Management (MEE) 2018 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2011-2030) 2010 Requirement for Social Risk Assessment of Large Investment Projects 2012 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2011-2030) 2010 National regulation for public consultation of EIAs 2019 Regulations on Scenic and Historic Areas 2006 Regulation on Hazardous Chemicals Safety Management 2011 Regulation on Wild Flora Protection 2017 Regulation on Wild Fauna Protection 2016 Regulation on Aquatic Wildlife Protection 2016 Regulation on Urban Water Supply 2018 Management of National Wetland Park 2018 Local Qihe River Protection Implementation Measures in Henan Province 2011

Implementation of the environmental laws and regulations is supported by a series of associated management and technical guidelines (Table III-3).

Table III-3 Applicable Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines Guideline Year/Code Jurisdictional Division of Review and Approval of EIAs for Construction Projects 2009 Guideline on EIA Categories of Construction Projects 2018 Guideline on Public Consultation for EIA 2018 Technical Guideline on EIA: Outline HJ2.1-2016 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Atmospheric Environment HJ 2.2-2018 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Surface Water HJ/T 2.3-2018 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Acoustic Environment HJ 2.4-2009 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Ecological Impact HJ 19-2011 Technical Criterion for Ecosystem Status Evaluation HJ192-2015 Technical Specification on Water and Soil Conservation Plan GB50433-2008 Technical Guideline on Environmental Risk Assessment for Construction Project HJ/T 169-2004

The PRC environmental quality standard system that supports the environmental laws and regulations is classified into two categories by function: pollutant emission/discharge standards; and, ambient environmental standards (Table III-4).

Table III-4 Applicable Environmental Standards Standard Code Surface Water Quality Standard GB 3838-2002 Urban Ambient Acoustic Quality Standard GB 3096-2008 Underground Water Quality Standard GB/T 14848-2017 Ambient Air Quality Standard GB 3095-2012 Environmental quality standard for noise GB 3096-2008 Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants GB 16297-1996 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard GB 8978-1996 Domestic Drinking Water Quality Standard GB 5749-2006 Emission Standards of Environment Noise for Boundary of Site Noise GB 12523-2011 Standard for pollution control on hazardous waste storage GB 18597-2013 Pollution control for storage and disposal site for industrial solid wastes GB18599-2001 Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary GB 12348-2008

C. International Agreements

The PRC is a signatory to international agreements relevant to environment protection. Those relevant to the project, along with the date of signing by the PRC, include:

• Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 23 February 2005. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) by enhancing the national programs of developed countries aimed at this goal and by establishing percentage reduction targets for the developed countries; • Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, 1 January 1989. To protect the ozone layer by controlling emissions of substances that depletes it; and, • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 21 March 1994. To stabilize GHG levels sufficient to prevent dangerous human interference with the climate.

D. Applicable PRC and ADB Policies and Assessment Categories

Under PRC legislation, the proposed project activities are classified as “Significant Impact” (requiring a full Environmental Impact Statement; EIS) or “Medium Impact” (requiring a Tabular EIA; TEIA). Based on the PRC Guideline on EIA Categories of Construction Projects (MEP, 2015), one EIS study and one TEIA are required (Table III-5). The two assessments will be approved by the Hebi Municipal Environment Protection Bureau.

Table III-5 Domestic EIA for Each Component Subproject Report Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject TEIA Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject EIS

ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) provides the basis for this project EIA. Projects funded by ADB must comply with the SPS. The purpose of the SPS is to establish an environmental review process to ensure that projects funded under ADB loans are environmentally sound, comply with domestic laws, and are not likely to cause significant environment, health, or safety hazards. The subprojects are classified as Category B by ADB, requiring the preparation of an addendum IEE, including EMP.

E. Assessment Standards

The environmental standard system that supports the implementation of the environmental protection laws and regulations in the PRC can be classified by function- ambient environmental quality standards, and by pollutant emission and/or discharge standards. ADB’s SPS requires projects to apply pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practices such as the World Bank Group’s Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines (EHS). 2 For this assessment, where EHS standards exist for parameters and are relevant, they are used in parallel with PRC standards in this assessment.

Ambient Standards

The Hebi Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau has nominated the environmental quality classes for each component of the proposed Project (Table III-6).

2 World Bank Group. 2007. Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines General EHS Guidelines. Washington: World Bank.

Table III-6 Environmental Quality Classes in the Project Area Variable Function Classes Air Quality Class II of GB3095-2012 Acoustic Environment Class 1, 2 and 4a of GB3096-2008 Surface water Class I and II of GB3096-2008 Groundwater Class III of GB/T 14848-2017

Air quality. The PRC ranks air quality into two classes according to Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012). Class II is applied to this project. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set up air quality guideline (AQG) standards for various air quality parameters for the protection of public health. Recognizing that progressive actions are needed to achieve these standards and the financial and technological limitations of some countries or localities especially in developing countries, the WHO also established interim targets as intermediate milestones towards achieving the AQG (Table III-7).

Table III-7 Comparison of PRC and WBG Ambient Air Quality Standards Variable Averaging PRC Class I (μg/m3) PRC Class II (μg/m3) World Bank Group EHS1 (μg/m3) period GB3095-2012 `GB3095-2012 Interim target AQG SO2 1-year 20 60 n/a n/a 24-hour 50 150 50-125 20 1-hour 150 500 n/a n/a NO2 1-year 40 40 n/a 40 24-hour 80 80 n/a n/a 1-hour 120 200 n/a 200 CO 24-hour 4,000 4,000 n/a n/a 1-hour 10,000 10,000 n/a n/a TSP 1-year 80 200 n/a n/a 24-hour 120 300 n/a n/a PM10 1-year 40 70 30-70 20 24-hour 50 150 75-150 50 PM2.5 1-year 15 35 15-35 10 24-hour 35 75 37.5-75 25 Note: n/a=not applicable

Acoustic quality. Noise environment for the project’s settings will be evaluated against Class 1, 2 and Class 4a standards of the Ambient Acoustic Quality Standard (GB3096- 2008) (Table III-8). PRC standards has 6 categories while EHS has only 2. For residential area, PRC and EHS standard value are same, while for industrial and commercial areas, the PRC standards are more stringent than those of EHS.

Table III-8 Ambient Acoustic Quality Standards (unit: dB (A)) Applicable Class Standard Value Day-Time Night-Time PRC Class 0 (special quiet area such as convalescent area) 55 40 Environmental Class 1 (residential, hospital, education, research, 55 45 Quality Standard administrative area) for Noise

(GB3096-2008) Class 2 (commercial, or mixed area of residential 60 50 commercial and industrial area) Class 3 (industrial or logistics area) 65 55 Class 4a (along roads) 70 55 Class 4b (along railways) 70 60 World Bank EHS Residential, education, research, office area 55 45 Industrial, commercial area 70 70

Surface water quality. The ambient environmental standard applied in this EIA is Surface Water Ambient Quality Standard (GB3838－2002) Classes I and II for mainstream of Qihe River and Side River (Table III-9). There is no EHS guideline or target for water quality in this context.

Table III-9 Surface Water Ambient Quality Standards (Unit: mg/L) Standard pH COD DO BOD Imn* NH3-N Petroleum Volatile Hg Pb phenol (GB3838-2002) – 6-9 ≤15 ≥7.5 ≤3 ≤2 ≤0.15 ≤0.05 ≤0.002 ≤0.00005 ≤0.01 Class I (GB3838-2002) – 6-9 ≤15 ≥6 ≤3 ≤4 ≤0.5 ≤0.05 ≤0.002 ≤0.00005 ≤0.01 Class II (GB3838-2002) – 6-9 ≤20 ≥5 ≤4 ≤6 ≤1.0 ≤0.05 ≤0.005 ≤0.0001 ≤0.01 Class III (GB3838-2002) – 6-9 ≤40 ≥5 ≤10 ≤10 ≤2.0 ≤0.5 ≤0.01 ≤0.001 ≤0.01 Class V *Imn=Permanganate index

Groundwater quality. Groundwater quality will be assessed against Class III standards according to Quality Standards for Groundwater (GB/T14848-2017) (Table III-10). There are no equivalent EHS targets.

Table III-10 Quality Standards for Groundwater Unit: mg/L except pH Parameter Class III of Parameter Class III of GB/T14848- GB/T14848-2017 2017 Na ≤200 As ≤0.01 K / Hg ≤0.001 Ca / Cr+6 ≤0.05 Mg / total hardness ≤450 CO32- / Pb ≤0.01 HCO3- ≤450 Fluoride ≤1.0 chloride ≤250 Cd ≤0.005 SO42- / Fe ≤0.3 pH 6.5～8.5 Mn ≤0.1 NH3-N ≤0.50 Total dissolved solids ≤1000 Nitrate ≤20.0 permanganate index ≤3.0 Nitrite ≤1.00 Sulfate ≤250 Volatile phenols ≤0.002 chloride ≤250 Cyanide ≤0.05 Total coliform ≤3.0

Emission/Discharge Standards

Air pollutant emission. Fugitive emission of particulate matter (such as dust from construction sites) is regulated under PRC‘s Air Pollutant Integrated Emission Standard (GB 16297-1996), which sets 120 mg/m3 as the maximum allowable emission concentration and ≤1.0 mg/m3 as the concentration limit at the boundary of construction sites, with no specification on the particle diameter.

Wastewater. Discharge of wastewater from construction sites is regulated under PRC‘s Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996). Class I standards apply to discharges into Category III water bodies under GB 3838-2002. Class II standards apply to discharges into Categories IV and V water bodies. Class III standards apply to discharges into municipal sewers going to municipal WWTPs with secondary treatment. Wastewater generated during construction will be discharged into Category III and V water body. Class I and Class II of GB 8978-1996 applies for construction sites under this project (Table III-11).

Table III-11 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Parameter Class I Class II Class III For discharge into For discharge into Category For discharge into Category III water IV and V water bodies municipal sewer body pH 6–9 6–9 6–9 SS mg/L 70 150 400 BOD5 mg/L 20 30 300 COD mg/L 100 150 500 TPH mg/L 5 10 20 Volatile phenol mg/L 0.5 0.5 2.0 NH3-N mg/L 15 25 --- 2- PO4 (as P) mg/L 0.5 1.0 --- LAS (= anionic surfactant) 5.0 10 20 mg/L

Noise. Construction noise will be assessed against the PRC Emission Standards of Environment Noise for Boundary of Construction Site (GB 12523-2011). Class II of Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary (GB 12348-2008) and Class 4a of GB 3096-2008 will be applied for operation phase. (Table III-12).

Table III-12 Construction Site Noise Limits. Unit: Leq [dB (A)] Standard Major Noise Source Noise Limit Day Night GB 12523-2011 for Bulldozer, excavators and loader; pile 70 55 construction driving machines; concrete mixer, vibrator and electric saw; hoist and lifter Class II of GB 12348-2008 Pumps 60 50 for operation Class 4a of GB 3096-2008 Traffic noise 70 55 for operation

Vibration. Construction activities will cause vibration impact, and should comply with the Standard for Urban Area Environmental Vibration (GB10070-88) (Table III-13).

Table III-13 Vertical Vibration Standard Value for Various Urban Areas (Unit: dB) Scope of applicable area Day Night Special residential area 65 65 Residential, cultural and educational area 70 67 Mixed area and commercial center 75 72 Industrial centralized area 75 72 Both sides of traffic trunk line 75 72 Both sides of railway main line 80 80

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT SCOPE CHANGE

The project has four outputs: (i) restored vegetation and wetlands in the upper Qihe River basin; (ii) improved flood management capacity of the lower Qihe River; (iii) enhanced wastewater and solid waste management in the Qihe River basin; and (iv) strengthened technical and institutional support system, and capacity for integrated management of the Qihe River basin.

Output 1 comprises: (i) re-vegetation on hill slopes in the upper and middle sections of the Qihe River; and (ii) wetland restoration and protection in the NWP. Output 2 comprises: embankment of selected sections of the lower Qi, four tributaries, and five canals, dredging of the canals (not mainstream), and riverside greening (38 km from Panshitou reservoir to Liuzhuang barrage and along the canals), for improved river bank erosion control and water environment. Output 3 comprises wastewater and solid waste management in riverside areas in Qibin District and Qi County, to reduce pollution load to the lower Qi. Output 4 will support the development and implementation of: (i) Qihe River ecological monitoring program; (ii) Qihe River Management Information System (MIS), to support integrated water resources management (IWRM); and (iii) associated project training.

A. Proposed project scope change

(i) Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject. To cancel four contract packages related to stormwater pipeline and sewer construction in Qibin district under output 3: WW-CW-02 due to unavailability of land caused by the changed urban development plan; and WW-CW-04, WW-CW-09, and WW-CW-10 due to changes in the urban development plan

(ii) Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject. To re-design four contract packages (WW-CW-03, WW-CW-05, WW-CW-06, and WW-CW-07) related to stormwater pipeline and sewer construction in Qibin district under project’s output 3: wastewater and solid waste management. The contract packages is re- designed for installation of wastewater and stormwater collection pipes and including associated road construction in Qibin District in accordance with the changed urban development plan.

(iii) Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject. To add two new subprojects into project’s output 1: restoration of vegetation and wetlands in the upper Qihe River basin. The 2 new subprojects include: (1) Qihe River south bank ecological wetland restoration and ecological park construction, including (a) riverbank restoration and revegetation of the buffer zones; (b) restoration of wetland; and (c) Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration, including greening; (2) Qihe River Panshitou Reservoir environmental improvement, including (i) rehabilitation of hills, quarries, and creeks and installation of an ecological irrigation system for the rehabilitation; and (ii) installation of small-scale ecological wastewater treatment facilities

Comparison of construction activities between the original proposal and adjusted proposal are presented in Table IV-1 and Table IV-2. For subproject 1- Qibin District Urban Environmental Management subproject, the major changes include: (i) reduced total length of stormwater and sanitary sewer pipelines; (ii) added road construction above the pipelines. For subproject 2- Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject, the scope

changes include: (i) increased habitat creation and restoration area; (ii) increase fencing area and installation of signage; (iii) removed river bank revetment of Qihe south bank; (iv) Increased re-vegetation area including aquatic planting; (v) increased infrastructure construction in south bank of Qihe River, Fu mountain ecological reserve ; (vi) increased infrastructure construction at Panshitou Reservoir. Location of the project components are shown in Figure IV-1.

Table IV-1 Comparison of construction activities of Qibin District Urban Environmental Management subproject Item Original activities Adjusted activities Qibin District Wastewater Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject Management Subproject

Stormwater Total: 81.53km, including Total: 33.87 km including pipeline Dalaidian: 7.76 km; Dalaidian: 0 km Dalaidian Town 47.08km Dalaidian Town: 33.87km Juqiao Town: 26.69km Juqiao Town: 0km Sanitary sewer Total: 90.33km including Total: 37.78km including Dalaidian: 21.48 km; Dalaidian: 10.45km Dalaidian Town: 35.07km Dalaidian Town: 22.99km Juqiao Town 33.78 km; Juqiao Town: 4.34 km Roads 0 km 13 roads construction with a total length of 22.93km in Dalaidian Town

Table IV-2. Comparison of construction activities of Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject Item Original activities of Activities in Qibin District Activities Qi County Activities of the project Remark the subproject (under construction) (after adjustment) (after adjustment) Habitat restoration Habitat creation: Habitat creation: 11.23ha Habitat creation: 4.37ha Habitat creation: 15.6ha Increase habitat restoration and creation and creation 12.3ha Marsh land restoration: Marsh land restoration: Marsh land restoration: area in Qi County Marsh land 21.6ha 16.9ha 38.5ha restoration: 36.3ha Scattering gravel and stones: Scattering gravel and stones: Dispersing gravel and stones: Scattering gravel 1,100t 600t 1,700t and stones: 1,500t Conservation of Fencing 1,589 m; Fencing 970 m Fencing 3,804 m Fencing 4,774 m; Increase fencing at South bank of Qihe threatened flora and Signage: 300 Signage: 100 Signage: 600 Signage: 700 River wetland ecological park in Qi fauna 300m2 wild 300m2 wild soybean research 300m2 wild soybean research County soybean research base. base. Increase signage along Qihe River base. Bank stabilization Wooden stakes Wooden stakes: 982m, None Wooden stakes revetment : Remove Qihe River south bank revetment : 1,851m, Stone works: 851.5m 982 m, revetment components in Qi County Stone works: Stone works: 851.5 m. 2051.5m. Re-vegetation Re-vegetation area: Re-vegetation area: 28.2ha Re-vegetation area: 59.15ha Re-vegetation area: 422.47ha Increase re-vegetation area along Qihe 49.2ha (8.5ha (8.51ha aquatic plants) (7.72ha aquatic plants) including River to upstream at Hejia village and aquatic plants) downstream to South-to- North Water Transfer Project Newly add re-vegetation for Fu Mountain Newly add re-vegetation at barren hills of Panshitou Reservoir area

Infrastructure public access road: public access road: 2.1 km public access road: 49.08km Increase access road and walking path construction 3.2 km walking paths: 1.4 km Number of entrance and construction at South Bank of Qihe walking paths: 4.4 Number of entrance/exits: 2 exits: 2 River and Fu mountain area; km trash bins: 40 trash bins: 240 Construct and upgrade infrastructure for Number of parking area: 2,300m2 Area with power and water Panshitou Reservoir entrance/exits: 3 Wetland ecological supply: 211.56 ha trash bins: 40 monitoring center: 1 Infrastructure construction at Area with power Wetland ecological Panshitou Reservoir includes: and water supply: monitoring stations: 2 reconstruction of the upper lock 49ha chamber of the water conveyance Parking area: tunnel; reconstruction of the

Item Original activities of Activities in Qibin District Activities Qi County Activities of the project Remark the subproject (under construction) (after adjustment) (after adjustment) 2,300m2 safety monitoring room and Wetland ecological improvement of the on-site monitoring center: 1 sanitation; construction of the Wetland ecological mobile power management room monitoring stations: of the right dam head; 2 reconstruction of the water supply system; construction of the new terminal; superstructure of the spillway Demolition, additional protective railings 630m

Panshitou Reservoir Panshitou environmental improvement Reservoir

Qibin district environmental improvement

Qihe River south bank ecological wetland restoration and ecological park construction

HEBI

Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration

Figure IV-1 Location of Project components

B. Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject

Location

The subproject is located in Dalaidian Town, Qibin District, Hebi City (Figure IV-2). There is no change with site this subproject.

Figure IV-2 Location of Subproject

Qibin District, located in the middle of Hebi City, was originally a suburb of Hebi City (Figure IV-3). In December 2001, it was renamed as Qibin District of Hebi City with the approval of the State Council. It is the political and cultural center of Hebi City, the seat of the municipal Party committee and municipal government, and a provincial civilized unit.

Yaoshan

Shancheng

Qibin District

Xun County Qi County

Figure IV-3 Location of Qibin District

Subproject components

The components of the subproject include construction of sewer pipelines, stormwater pipelines and roads (Table IV-3). Among the three components, sewer and stormwater pipelines are included in the original proposal, while the roads construction above the pipelines are newly proposed.

Table IV-3 Summary of subproject components Items Qty Remark The road width is 40-50 m for trunk roads; 24-32 for sub- Roads 22.93km truck roads; 24m for branch roads. Drainage pipelines in Juqiao Town area with length of 4.34km 4.34Km and diameter of DN400-DN600 Drainage Pipelines Drainage pipelines in Dalaidian Town areas with total 22.99 km length of 22.99km and diameters of DN400-DN1000 Stormwater pipelines in Dalaidian Town area with total Stormwater Pipelines 33.87 km length of 33.87km and diameter of D600-2000X1800

Road component

The road construction component will involve construction of 13 roads with a total length of 22.93km in Dalaidian Town, including 6 truck roads with width of 40-50m and design speed of 50km/h, 3 sub-truck roads with width of 24-32m and design speed of 40km/h, and 4

branch roads with width of 24m and design speed of 30km/h. Detail of road components are presented in

Table IV-4 and Figure IV-4.

Yaoshan Rd

Yongtong

Wuyii

Tianlai

Tongbai

Qinling Qinling Putuo

Jiuzhou Rd Huanghe Rd

Huaihe Rd

Huaxi Rd

Sanxia Rd

Jiujiang Rd Xiahe Rd Xiangjiangd Rd

LEGEND Project Rd

Figure IV-4 Road network of Project Area

Table IV-4 Summary of Road Components No. Road Name Section Width (m) Length (m) Class 1 Huanghe Rd Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd 40 1,451 Trunk 2 Huaxi Rd Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd 40 1,514 Trunk 3 Yongtong Rd Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd 40 2,428 Trunk 4 Wuyi Rd Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd 40 2,379 Trunk 5 Tianlai Rd Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd 50 2,376 Trunk 6 Yaoshan Rd Sanxia Rd-Xiangjiang Rd 40 848 Trunk 7 Jiuzhou Rd Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd 24 1,425 Sub-trunk 8 Sanxia Rd Yongtong Rd-Yaoshan Rd 24 1,560 Sub-trunk 9 Jiujiang Rd Yongtong Rd-Yaoshan Rd 32 1,967 Sub-trunk 10 Huaihe Rd Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd 24 1,475 Branch 11 Xiushui Rd Jiuzhou Rd-Qinling Rd 24 2,188 Branch 12 Tongbai Rd Xiushui Rd-Xiangjiang Rd 24 954 Branch 13 Qinling Rd Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd 24 2,363 Branch Total 22,928

Trunk road cross section design. The width of ROW of trunk roads are 40m and 50m. For 50m width of trunk road, the road cross section is designed as 5m (sidewalk lane) + 5.5m (non-motor vehicle lane) + 3.5m (green belt) + 22m (6 motor vehicle lanes) + 3.5m (green belt) + 5.5m (non-motor vehicle lane) + 5m (sidewalk lane) as shown in Figure IV-5. For 40m width of trunk road, the road cross section is designed as 4.5m (sidewalk lane) + 3.5m (non- motor vehicle lane) + 1.5m (green belt) + 21m (6 motor vehicle lanes) + 1.5m (green belt) + 3.5m (non-motor vehicle lane) + 4.5m (sidewalk lane) as shown in Figure IV-6.

Figure IV-5 Cross section of 50m width trunk road (Tianlai road)

Figure IV-6 Cross section of 40m width trunk road

Sub-trunk road cross section design. The width of ROW of sub-trunk roads are 32m and 24m. For 32m width of sub-trunk roads, the road cross section is designed as 4.5m (sidewalk lane) + 2.0 m (green belt) + 9.5m (2 motor vehicle lanes) + 2.0m (green belt) + 9.5m (2 motor vehicle lanes) + 4.5m (sidewalk lane) as shown in Figure IV-7. For 24m width of sub- trunk roads, the road cross section is designed as 3.5m (sidewalk lane) + 17m (4 motor vehicle lanes) + 3.5m (sidewalk lane) as shown in Figure IV-8.

Figure IV-7 Cross section design of 32m width of sub- trunk road

Figure IV-8 Cross section design of 34m width of sub- trunk road

Branch road cross section design. The width of ROW of branch roads is 24m. The road cross section is designed as 6m (sidewalk lane) + 12m (2 motor vehicle lanes) + 6m (sidewalk lane) as shown in Figure IV-9.

Figure IV-9 Cross section design of 24m width of branch road

Stormwater and sewer pipelines component

The components of stormwater and sewer pipelines construction will involve the installation of about 33.87 km storm water pipelines (DN600-1800), and 27.33km sanitary sewers (DN400-1000) in Dalaidian Town Area and Juqiao Area in Qibin District (Table IV-5 to

Table IV-6, and Figure IV-10 to Figure IV-11).

Storm water will be discharged to Liugui Ditch by gravity in line with topographic conditions. For roads wider than 40 m, storm water pipelines will be laid on both sides of the road. For roads width less than 40 m, storm water pipelines will be laid on only one side of the road. Wastewater from project area will be conveyed to the Juqiao south WWTP which is under construction.

Table IV-5 Drainage Pipeline Component No. Name Pipe size/material Length Note m 1 Jiuzhou Rd d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 1,400 One side (Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd) 2 Huanghe Rd d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 1,450 One side (Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd) 3 Huaxi Rd d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 1,500 One side (Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd) 4 Yongtong Rd d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 2,427 One side (Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) 5 Wuyi Rd d600 Class II reinforced concrete socket pipe 780 One side (Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) d500 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 809 One side d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 780 One side 6 Tianlai Rd d1000 Class II reinforced concrete socket pipe 2,130 One side (Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) d800 Class II reinforced concrete socket pipe 240 One side 7 Yaoshan Rd d600 Class II reinforced concrete socket pipe 850 One side (Sanxia Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) 8 Tongbai Rd d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 900 One side (Xiushui Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) 9 Qinling Rd d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 2,340 One side (Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) 10 Huaihe Rd d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 1,450 One side (Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd) 11 Sanxia Rd d500 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 300 One side (Yongtong Rd-Yaoshan Rd) d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 1,500 One side 12 Jiujiang Rd d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 1,950 One side (Yongtong Rd-Yaoshan Rd) 13 Xiushui Rd d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 2,180 One side (Jiuzhou Rd-Qinling Rd) 14 Xiangjiang Rd d600 Class II reinforced concrete socket pipe 1,288 Two sides (Yongtong Rd-Yaoshan Rd) d400 HDPE Steel-reinforced spirally wound drainage pipe 3,052 Two sides

Total 27,326

Table IV-6 Storm Water Pipeline Component No Section Pipe size/material Length (m) Note Huanghe Rd D1500 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 620 Two sides (Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd) D1350 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 940 Two sides 1 D1200 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 706 Two sides D1000 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 646 Two sides Huaxi Rd D1500 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 680 Two sides 2 (Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd)) D1200 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 1,060 Two sides D1000 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 1,300 Two sides Yongtong Rd D800 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 3,400 Two sides 3 (Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) D600 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 1,300 Two sides Wuyi Rd D1000 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 320 One side 4 (Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) D800 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 3,580 Two sides D600 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 460 Two sides Tianlai Rd D800 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 3,000 Two sides 5 (Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) D600 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 1,700 Two sides Yaoshan Rd D600 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 900 Two sides 6 (Sanxia Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) D800 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 790 Two sides Jiuzhou Rd D800 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 310 One side (Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd) D1000 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 317 One side 7 D1200 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 540 One side D1350 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 250 One side Sanxia Rd D1650 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 790 One side (Yongtong Rd-Yaoshan Rd) D1500 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 635 One side 8 D1350 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 250 One side D1200 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 260 One side Jiujiang Rd 2000x1800 reinforced concrete drainage ditch 570 One side (Yongtong Rd-Yaoshan Rd) D1800 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 380 One side D1650 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 320 One side 9 D1500 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 343 One side D1350 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 263 One side D1200 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 310 One side Huaihe Rd D1650 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 100 One side (Yongtong Rd-Qinling Rd) D1500 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 770 One side 10 D1350 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 225 One side D1200 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 386 One side Xiushui Rd D1200 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 430 One side 11 (Jiuzhou Rd-Qinling Rd) D1000 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 970 One side D800 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 790 One side Tongbai Rd (Xiushui Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) D1000 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 770 One side 12 D800 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 160 One side Qinling Rd (Jiuzhou Rd-Xiangjiang Rd) D1200 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 170 One side D1000 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 1,120 One side 13 D800 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 890 One side D600 Class II reinforced concrete pipe 150 One side Total 33,871

Jiuzhou Rd

Huanghe Rd

Huaihe Rd Qin;ingRd

Huaxi Rd

TianlaiRd

Putuo Rd Putuo

WuyiRd

TongbaiRd

YaoshanRd

Existing New Flow Outlet

Figure IV-10 Storm water zone of Project Area

Jiuzhou Rd

Huanghe Rd

Huaihe Rd Qin;ingRd

Huaxi Rd

TianlaiRd

PutuoRd

WuyiRd

TongbaiRd

YaoshanRd

Existing New

Diameter Flow

Figure IV-11 Sewage drainage zone of Project Area

C. Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject

The scope change of the subproject is to add two new subprojects into project’s output 1: restoration of vegetation and wetlands in the upper Qihe River basin. The 2 new subprojects include: subproject 1- Qihe River ecological wetland restoration and ecological park construction, including (a) riverbank restoration and revegetation of the buffer zones; (b) restoration of wetlands; and (c) Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration, including greening; (2) Subproject 2 - Qihe River Panshitou Reservoir environmental improvement, including (a) rehabilitation of hills, quarries, and creeks and installation of an ecological irrigation system for the rehabilitation; and (b) installation of small-scale ecological wastewater treatment facilities, see Table IV-7.

Table IV-7 Summary activities of the Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject Output Activity 1 Ecological conservation and environmental management of upper Qihe River and its watershed enhanced 1.1 Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation and Ecological Park Construction Subproject 1.1.1 Wetland restoration and revegetation at south bank of Qihe River- Creation and restoration of 21.27ha of habitat, and revegetation of 59.15ha on south bank of Qihe River 1.1.2 Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration - Revegetation for an area of 160.23ha including ecological forest area of 77.61ha and ecological forest area of 82.62ha 1.1.3 Ecological park construction - Construction of three wetland parks with total area of 60ha near Wanghe, Wangtan and Dujia villages respectively. Revegetation of 42.5ha including 2.03ha of aquatic and 40.47ha of terrestrial plants 1.1.4 Infrastructure construction - Construction 40.69km of roads, installation of 3,804km of fencing and signage 1.2 Panshitou Reservoir Environment Improvement 1.2.1 Afforestation of islands and barren mountains within the reservoir area (73.33ha). - Including the reservoir island, the hillside behind the island and two Peninsula barren hills 1.2.2 Barren slope greening in dam area (27.20ha). including greening at slope of upstream of spillway, the exit slope, the slope of the left dam head, abandoned quarry sites during construction of the reservoir 1.2.3 Environment improvement of Qihe River and downstream villages. Including (i) Remove 7,700t of waste and afforestation of 0.8ha at the area near Yangzhaigou; (ii) Remove 3,300t of waste and afforestation of 12.87ha at the area near Gongjiazhuang village; (iii) Qihe River environment improvement to 1.6km downstream, wetland restoration 1.60ha, with 1,500 arbors and shrubs and 208,900 aquatic plants planted. 1.2.4 Quarry site slope stabilization. Slope stabilization area 7.20ha, slope greening 10ha 1.2.5 Reservoir infrastructure. (i) Construction of buildings (1,339 m2) including upgrade gate chamber (1,230m2), newly build 4 safety monitoring rooms (60.8 m2), newly build 4 ecological toilets and a mobile power management room (48m2) (ii) Water supply pipelines (2.44km) for reservoir management rooms. (iii) Wharf upgrading and management office construction. Expand the existing floating wharf with 6 wooden platforms and construct an 2-floor management office with covering an area of 48m2 (iv) Roads. Repairing 1.95km and newly build 2.95km with width of 6-9m.

The subproject 1 - Qihe River ecological wetland restoration and ecological park construction subproject is located in the middle and lower reaches of Qihe River, along the Bank of Qihe River. The subproject 2 - Panshitou Reservoir environmental protection improvement subproject is located in Panshitou reservoir area of Qihe River Basin. The components of the subproject include vegetation restoration, slope ecological protection, foundation engineering, etc. See the Figure IV-12 for the project location.

Figure IV-12 Location of Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject

Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject

The subproject is located in the middle and lower reaches of Qihe River, at the junction of Qibin district and Qi County and on the South Bank of Qihe River. The specific scope is to Hejia village, Qi County in the west, the main channel of Qihe River in the north, to the South- to-North Water Diversion Channel in the East and to the South Bank of Minzhu channel in the south. The components of the subproject are summarized in Table IV-8 and the layout is shown in Figure IV-13.

Table IV-8 Components of Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject 1.1.1 Wetland restoration and revegetation at south bank of Qihe River- Creation and restoration of 21.27ha of habitat, and revegetation of 59.15ha on south bank of Qihe River 1.1.2 Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration - Revegetation for an area of 160.23ha including ecological forest area of 77.61ha and ecological forest area of 82.62ha 1.1.3 Ecological park construction - Construction of three wetland parks with total area of 60ha near Wanghe, Wangtan and Dujia villages respectively. Revegetation of 42.5ha including 2.03ha of aquatic and 40.47ha of terrestrial plants 1.1.4 Infrastructure construction - Construction 40.69km of roads, installation of 3,804km of fencing and signage

Figure IV-13 Layout of Qihe River Wetland and Ecological Reserve Restoration subproject

1.1 Wetland restoration and revegetation at south bank of Qihe River

a) Habitat restoration and creation.

Existing habitats comprise seven categories, which will be expanded by the project: riparian forest, mudflat, backwater pond, shallow water, deep water, islands, and instream in the main river course (Figure IV-14).

Figure IV-14 Habitat restoration plan

Riparian forest. This will provide habitats for birds, amphibians, mammals and strengthen a natural buffer between the river and human activities. Most river sections support monoculture stands of poplars and willows, which are fast growing, but provide low ecological value. These stands will be enriched with native trees, shrubs and grasses.

Backwater ponds. These include existing fish ponds and new ponds will be created to link with the main river. These will provide open water surfaces for waterbirds and function as a buffer zone to absorb high water flows.

Mudflat. Located at the river banks, this is the transitional zone between the water and river banks. Former farmland along the river will be restored to mudflats. Some remnant fields will be retained to supplement food for waterbirds which graze in shallow flooded fields.

Shallow water zone. Surrounded by some aquatic plants with water flow all the year around. This area will provide habitats for waterbirds or shorebirds. Big cobbles will be paved to create open space. The existing aquatic plant will be reserved

Deep water zone. This zone comprises most of the mainstream channel of the Qi. The project will support the removal of small blockages (e.g. rock obstructions) in and alongside the river, to improve flow.

Islands. Several small natural islands occur in the mainstream. Habitats will be enhanced and the islands maintained free of human activity, as waterbird resting sites.

Instream zone, These are areas located along the main river channel. Flows in this zone are seasonal. These areas are isolated from human disturbances with dense vegetation.

The subproject aims to: (i) restore and expand wetland habitats; (ii) provide habitats for wetland flora and fauna; and (iii) protect the river banks from erosion. Through local earth and stone excavation, filling, gravel, natural stones scattering and other measures, the subproject will newly create 4.37ha and restore 16.9ha of mash land. Engineering sketches for each habitat type is shown in Figure IV-15.

Riparian forest Backwater pond

Mudflats Deep water

Island Instream Figure IV-15 Engineering sketches for each habitat type

b) Revegetation of south bank of Qihe River

Rationale. Long term human intervention and unsustainable use has caused the original plants damaged or lost. A large area of poplars has been planted on both sides of the river banks to green the bare mudflat and control erosion. Nonetheless, the survival rate is low due to poor soil conditions or submerged by the water during high water flow. Some invaded species eg Rhus typhina is spreading fast therefore occupied habitats of other flora species.

The subproject will support strengthening biodiversity by enriching plant compositions at the landscape level. The specific planting programs have been designed suitable for local

site conditions, including evergreen and deciduous trees, shrubs and aquatic plants in different zones as illustrated below.

 In wetland areas where the original natural vegetation is well preserved, natural restoration is preferred. Through natural enclosure, artificial seedling, replanting, and timely removal of non-purpose species and plants harmed by pests and diseases to achieve natural restoration of vegetation.

 In the occupied riverside forests and mudflat areas that lack irrigated or aquatic plants, create corresponding communities, and replace the existing single community or invasive plant communities with arbor, irrigated, reed, grass and other native vegetation communities to increase the ecological protection buffer and plants species, enriching the community level and stabilizing the community structure, thereby making the ecosystem stable.

 Renewal of fast-growing poplar timber forests, using thinning or year-by-year renewal measures to enrich the vegetation types and stabilize the community structure.

 Improve the wetland aquatic plant communities, restore wetland freshwater and submerged vegetation, and plant water-resistant plants in flooded areas to ensure survival rate.

 At the mouth where the tributaries flow to Qihe River, create artificial wetland, plant reeds, canna and other wetland aquatic plants with pollution resistance to absorb, fix, and transform eutrophic substances, purify water bodies, and reduce non-point source pollutants such as village sewage and pesticide.

Project activities. Species resistant to drought and air pollution have been selected for planting (Table IV-9). There are a number of nurseries in Qibin District and local species will be sourced from these. The average distance from two largest nurseries (1600-1800 mu growing areas) to the selected barren hills are 16-18 km. The subproject will plant 79 kinds of trees, 357,000 in total at an area of 59ha on south bank of Qihe River includes:

(i) Evergreen trees (7.07 ha) including Ligustrum lucidum (40%), Eriobotrya japonica (36%), Platycladus orientalis (16%), and Pinus tabulaeformis (8%); (ii) Deciduous trees (21.22 ha) including Salix babylonica (13%), Paulownia fortunei (11%), Morus alba (9%), Broussonetia kazinoki (8%), Pterocarya stenoptera (7%), Robinia pseudoacacia (7%), Ailanthus altissima ( 6%), etc .; (iii) Small trees and shrubs (18ha) including Malus spectabilis (12%), Yucca gloriosa (10%), Kerria japonica (9%), Lagerstroemia indica (8%), Hibiscus syriacus ( 7%), Euonymus japonicus (5%), Lonicera maackii (3%), etc .; (iv) Herb (5.19 ha) including Ophiopogon japonicus (50%), lycium chinense (30%), Ophiopogon bodinieri (6%) , Hosta plantaginea (3%), Iris wilsonii (3%), etc .; (v) Aquatic plants (7.72ha) including 0.7 ha of submerged plants in deep water area with mainly Hydrilla verticillata (35%), Vallisneria natans (20%), Myriophyllum verticillatum (20%), Ceratophyllum demersum (20%); (vi) 7.02ha of shallow water plants include Zizania caduciflora (15%), Phragmites communis (15%), Nelumbo nucifera (13%), Lythrum salicaria (13%), Typha orientalis (10%), Iris pseudocorus (8%), Sagittaria trifolia (5%), Arundo donax Linn. (5%).

Table IV-9 Locally-sourced native Plant species selected for greening and restoration under the project Type Chinese Scientific Name Fu Wetland South bank Panshitou Name Mountain parks of Qihe Reservoir River Evergreen 大叶女贞 Ligustrum lucidum X X X Trees 雪松 Cedrus deodara X X

油松 Pinus tabulaeformis X X X X

枇杷 Eriobotrya japonica X X X 白皮松 Pinus bungeana Zucc. X 侧 Platycladus orientalis X X X X Deciduous 垂柳 Salix babylonica X X X X Trees 悬铃木 Platanus orientalis X

香椿 Toona sinensis X X

国槐 Sophora japonica X X X 银 Ginkgo biloba X 皂角 Gleditsia sinensis 柽柳 Tamarix chinensis X X

黄连木 Pistacia chinensis X X

独杆五角枫 Acer mono X X 生三角枫 Acer buergerianum X 三角枫 Acer buergerianum 鹅掌楸 Liriodendron chinensis X

树 Morus alba X

楸树 Catalpa bungei X 枣树 Ziziphus jujuba Mill. 核桃树 Juglans X 果树 Malus pumila Mill. X

梨树 Pyrus ussuriensis X X X X

白蜡 Fraxinus chinensis X X X X 刺槐 Robinia pseudoacacia X X X 元宝枫 Acer truncatum X 柿树 Diospyros kaki X X X

乌桕 Sapium sebiferum X X

水杉 Metasequoia glyptostroboides X X 阳木 Bischofia polycarpa X 白玉兰 magnolia denudata X 红玉兰 Mchella liliflora X

欧美杨 Populus × canadensis Moench X

枫杨 Pterocarya stenoptera X X 馒头柳 Salix matsudana cv. X Umbraculifera 毛白杨 populus tomentosa X 旱柳 Salix matsudana X X X 合欢 Albizia julibrissin X X 泡 Paulownia fortunei X X 构树 Broussonetia papyrifera X X 千头椿 Ailanthus altissima X

Shrubs 辛夷 Magnolia liliflora X X 紫叶 Prunus cerasifera var.pissardii X X

木瓜 Chaenomeles sinensis X X

山楂 Crataegus pinnatifida X X 紫荆 Cercis chinensis X X 文冠果 Xanthoceras sorbifolia X X 海棠 Malus spectabilis X X

紫薇 Lagerstroemia indica X X

Type Chinese Scientific Name Fu Wetland South bank Panshitou Name Mountain parks of Qihe Reservoir River 金银木 Lonicera maackii X X 石楠 Photinia serrulata X X

樱花 Prunus serrulata X X

日本晚樱 Prunus yerrulata X X X 树 Prunus salicina X 山茱萸 Cornus officinalis X 爪槭 Acer palmatum X

紫荆 Cercis chinensis X

木槿 Hibiscus syriacus X X 兰 Yucca smalliana X 山 Armeniaca sibirica (L.) Lam. X 山桃 mygdalus davidiana (Carrière) X

de Vos ex Henry 桃 prunus persica X X

海州常山 Clerodendrum trichotomum X

连翘 Forsythia suspensa X X 黄栌 Cotinus coggygria Scop. X

凤尾兰 Yucca gloriosa X X 阔叶箬竹 Indocalamus latifolius X X

月季 Rosa chinenisis X X

绣线菊 Spiraea salicifolia X 紫穗槐 Amorpha fruticosa X X

火棘 Pyracantha fortuneana X X 南天竹 Nandina domestica X X

红瑞木 Swida alba X X

大叶黄杨 euonymus japonicus X X 沙地 Sabina vulgaris Antoine X 刺 Juniperus X formosana Hayata 千头 Platycladus orientalis X 小龙 Sabina chinensis var. X Kaizuca 瓜子黄杨 buxus sinica X X 卫矛 Euonymus alatus X X 铺地 Sabina procumbens X X X 棣棠 Kerria japonica X X Grass 石菖蒲 Acorus tatarinowii X X 美人蕉 Canna indica X 黄花尾 Iris wilsonii X X 沿阶草 Ophiopogon bodinieri X X 阔叶麦冬 Liriope platyphylla X X X 金边麦冬 Liriope spicata var.Variegata X X 五叶地锦 Parthenocissus quinquefolia X X 紫玉簪 Hosta albo-marginata X X 白玉簪 Hosta plantaginea X X 马蔺 Iris lactea var. chinensis X X 枸杞 lycium chinense X X 麦冬 Ophiopogon japonicus X X Aquatic 香蒲 Typha orientalis X X Plants 黄菖蒲 iris pseudocorus X X 黑藻 Hydrilla verticillata X X 慈姑 Sagittaria trifolia X X 茭白 Zizania caduciflora X X X

Type Chinese Scientific Name Fu Wetland South bank Panshitou Name Mountain parks of Qihe Reservoir River 浮萍 Lemna minor X X

狐尾藻 Myriophyllum verticillatum X X 苦草 Vallisneria natans X X 金鱼藻 Ceratophyllum demersum X X 千屈菜 Lythrum salicaria X X X 芦苇 Phragmites communis X X X 泽泻 Alisma plantago-aquatica X X X 荷花 Nelumbo nucifera X X X 花叶芦竹 Arundo donax var. versicolor X X

Engineering sketch of vegetation recovery and plantation is shown in Figure IV-16.

Figure IV-16 Engineering sketch of vegetation recovery and plantation

The width of vegetation belt will be determined according to the specific location and terrain conditions. Through field investigation and interpretation of satellite remote sensing images, it is found that the river section from Lihezhai village to Wangzhuang village is relatively narrow, and the section from Wangtan to Magedang village is relatively wide, and the other river section, such as Hejia and Wangdong, is moderate in average width. The terrain of Qihe River bank is relatively irregular, and the width is uneven. The width ranges from 10m to 120m. The total length of vegetation belt is about 16.3km.

Figure IV-17 Location of typical river sections

At upstream area of Qihe River near Hejia village, locally-sourced native plants revegetation plan is as following (Figure IV-18):

(i) Riparian forest: Adopt the combination of trees and shrubs. Group 1: Ligustrum lucidum + Eriobotrya japonica + Paulownia fortunei + Malus spectabilis+ Kerria japonica. Group 2: Ailanthus altissima+ Morus alba+ Metasequoia glyptostroboides+ Lagerstroemia indica+ Kerria japonica

(ii) Backwater ponds: Select aquatic plants according to water depth. Zizania caduciflora, Phragmites communis, Nelumbo nucifera, Lythrum salicaria, Typha orientalis, Iris pseudocorus. In deep water area, planting Hydrilla verticillata, Vallisneria natans, Myriophyllum verticillatum, Ceratophyllum demersum.

(iii) Mudflat. Combination of arbor, shrub and herb. Arbor: Ligustrum lucidum Ait., Eriobotrya japonica , Paulownia fortunei, Morus alba, Ailanthus altissima, Fraxinus chinensis, Metasequoia glyptostroboides and etc.; Shrub: Malus spectabilis, Yucca gloriosa , Kerria japonica, Lagerstroemia indicaand etc., Herb: Ophiopogon japonicus, Liriope platyphylla, Liriope spicata, lycium chinense, Acorus tatarinowii, Ophiopogon bodinieriand etc.

(iv) Shallow water area: select aquatic plants according to elevation, including Zizania caduciflora, Phragmites communis, Nelumbo nucifera , Lythrum salicaria, Typha orientalis , Iris pseudocorus

Figure IV-18 Revegetation Plan for Upstream section of Qihe River (section 1)

At middle reach of Qihe River near Zhujia village, revegetation plan is as following (Figure IV-19):

(i) Riparian forest: combination of trees and shrubs. Species include : Group 1: Ligustrum lucidum Ait. + Platycladus orientalis + Broussonetia kazinoki S. et Z. + Photinia serrulata + Kerria japonica + Prunus cerasiferaand etc.; Group 2: Ailanthus altissima + Fraxinus chinensis + Sapium sebiferum + Lagerstroemia indica + Euonymus japonicas + Lonicera maackii and etc

(ii) Backwater ponds: select aquatic plants according to water depth. Plant species include: Zizania caduciflora, Phragmites communis, Nelumbo nucifera , Lythrum salicaria, Typha orientalis , Iris pseudocorus

(iii) Mudflat: combination of trees, shrubs and grasses. Species include: Arbor: Ligustrum lucidum Ait., Platycladus orientalis , Broussonetia kazinoki S. et Z., Ailanthus altissima, Fraxinus chinensis, Sapium sebiferumand etc.; Shrubs: Photinia serrulata , Kerria japonica, Prunus cerasifera, Lagerstroemia indicaand etc.; Herbs: Ophiopogon japonicus, lycium chinense, Liriope platyphylla, Acorus tatarinowii, Ophiopogon bodinieriand etc.

(iv) Shallow water zone: select aquatic plants according to water depth. Species include: Zizania caduciflora, Phragmites communis, Nelumbo nucifera , Lythrum salicaria, Typha orientalis , Iris pseudocorus

Figure IV-19 Revegetation Plan for Middle reach of Qihe River (section 2)

At downstream of Qihe River, revegetation plan is as following (Figure IV-20) :

(i) Riparian forest. Combination of arbor, shrub and grasses. Species include: Group 1: Ligustrum lucidum Ait. + Robinia pseudoacacia + Pinus tabulaeformis + Amorpha fruticosa + Yucca gloriosa + Liriope spicata + Ophiopogon bodinieriand etc.; Group 2: Platycladus orientalis + populus tomentosa + Salix babylonica + Prunus cerasifera + Euonymus japonicas + Acorus tatarinowii + Iris lactea + Iris wilsoniiand etc.

(ii) Mudflat: combination of shrub and herb. Species include: shrub: Amorpha fruticosa + Yucca gloriosa +Kerria japonica + Prunus cerasifera + Lagerstroemia indicaand etc.; herb: Ophiopogon japonicus +Liriope spicata +Acorus tatarinowii +Iris wilsoniiand etc.

(iii) Shallow water: select aquatic plants according to difference of water depth, species include: Zizania caduciflora, Phragmites communis, Nelumbo nucifera , Lythrum salicaria, Typha orientalis , Iris pseudocorus

Figure IV-20 Revegetation Plan for Downstream of Qihe River (section 3)

1.2 Fu Mountain ecological reserve restoration

Rationale. The Fu Mountain area is hilly landform, with the highest elevation of 183.3m and the lowest of 103.5m. The terrain has a gentle slope with an area of 3.03km2. The main

vegetation is native fast-growing forests and wild grasses, which are seriously deserted. There is no irrigation water sources in the area, and the water for plant growth is mainly from atmospheric precipitation, which has a great impact on the growth of vegetation. Among them, 22.9% of the area was cultivated by nearby villagers to plant cash crops. Due to lack of water, the land was largely abandoned. The present land use in Fu Ecological Reserve is summarized in Table IV-10.

Table IV-10 Existing land use of project area Land use Area (ha) Percentage Evergreen arbor forest 3.72 1.23% Buildings 9.30 3.07% Economic forest 73.33 24.19% Cultivated land 69.52 22.93% Wasteland 8.10 2.67% Deciduous shrubbery 15.22 5.02% Deciduous arbor mixed forest 53.04 17.50% Arbor and shrub mixed forest 44.82 14.79% Gravel road 2.27 0.75% Fast growing poplar timber forest 21.79 7.19% Hardened ground 0.89 0.29% Hardened road surface 1.12 0.37% Total 303.12 100.00%

Re-vegetation principals. According to the existing forest status, site conditions and construction level, the following principal are followed during revegetation:

(i) In the ecological area where the original natural vegetation is well preserved, natural restoration methods are preferentially adopted. Through natural vegetation closure, artificial seedling replantation and management, timely removal of non-targeted species and plants damaged by diseases and insect pests to achieve natural restoration of vegetation. (ii) For the fast-growing poplar timber forest, thinning or annual renewal measures will be adopted to enrich the vegetation types and stabilize the community structure. Locally-sourced native vegetation communities such as trees and irrigation will be selected to replace existing single communities or invasive plant communities so as to increase the ecological protection buffer thickness and plant species and enrich the community level and stabilize the community structure, so that the ecosystem tends to be stable. (iii) For sparse forests dominated by local tree species, replanting will be carried out to increase the stand density; for inferior forest stands, through thinning and introduction of suitable tree species to form a new forest landscape; for forests that are cluttered, sparsely and unevenly divided, and forests with widely differing ages and stand affected by natural disaster, re-planting and reorganizing will be carried out (iv) For abandoned land, layered and categorized economic forest will be planted to increase income of local farmers. (v) The Fu Mountain area is relatively close to the urban area. Considering the recreational needs, combined with the conceptual planning of the Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve, the plants with good adaptability and high ornamental value are selected to enhance the cultural landscape and forest park.

Project activities: The subproject will revegetate an area of 160.23ha, including 27.92ha of evergreen trees and 49.80ha of deciduous trees, 4.04ha of small trees and shrubs, 77.61ha of economic trees, Figure IV-21. About 30 kinds of trees, 1.6 million in total will be planted. All trees are locally-sourced native plants mainly include:

(i) Evergreen trees (27.92 ha) mainly include Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (35%), Platycladus orientalis (35%), Pinus tabulaeformis (23%); (ii) Deciduous trees (49.8 ha) mainly include Fraxinus chinensis (30%), Salix matsudana (16%), Robinia pseudoacacia (16%), Salix babylonica (8%), Sophora japonica (5%); (iii) Small trees and shrub (4.04ha). Mainly include Cupressaceae (40%), Juniperus formosana Hayata (20%), Platycladus orientalis (Linn.) Franco cv. Sieboldii Dallimore and Jackson (20%), Sabina procumbens (Endl.) Iwata et Kusaka (20%); (iv) Economic trees and shrubs (77.61ha) mainly including apple (30%), walnut (25%), peach (25%) and others (25%).

Figure IV-21 Revegetation plan of the Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve

The Fu Mountain ecological reserve covers an area of 303.12ha. Through a series of ecological restoration measures including the construction of broad-leaved forests, coniferous forests, economic forests, and the addition of suitable species, this subproject will fundamentally solve ecological problems such as barren mountain management, soil and water conservation, and biological habitats in the Fu Mountain ecological reserve.

1.3 Ecological wetland park construction

The subproject will build three ecological wetland parks, namely Wanghe Wetland Park (16.88ha), Wangtan Wetland Park (21.74ha) and Zhujia Wetland Park (21.38ha). The subproject aims to solve ecological problems in backwater ponds, fast-growing poplar timber forests, mudflat reclamation farmland, and breeding ponds. These areas are suitable for the growth of aquatic plants and the reproduction of aquatic animals, birds and amphibians.

The subproject will restore a total of 42.50ha of vegetation, including aquatic plants of 2.03ha. A total of 108 species and more than 900,000 plants will be planted.

Table IV-11 Existing land use of subproject area Land use Area (ha) Percentage Location Gravel road 0.93 1.55% Distributed in riparian forest area Hardened road 0.48 0.80% Distributed in riparian forest area Hardened surface 0.72 1.19% Distributed in riparian forest area Reclamation farmland 10.65 17.74% Most of the cultivated land is occupied illegally after artificial reclamation or destruction of ecological vegetation. Due to climate, irrigation and barren land, some of the cultivated land has been abandoned. Abandoned grassland 0.17 0.29% Distributed in riparian forest area Fast growing poplar 25.64 42.74% Distributed in riparian forest area (23.24 ha) timber forest and a small amount in mudflat area(2.40ha) Deciduous shrubbery 0.31 0.52% Distributed on the island of Wangtan and Zhujia wetland ecological park Deciduous arbor mixed 11.83 19.72% 5.18 ha in riparian forest area, 4.02 ha in forest mudflat area and 2.63 ha in island area Backwater ponds 3.09 5.15% Distributed in east of Hejia Village (0.64 ha), north of Wangtan Village (2.27 ha), and north of Zhujia Village (0.18 ha) Fish ponds 6.18 10.30% Mainly distributed in Wangtan and Zhujia ecological park Total 60.00 100.00%

The subproject will plant locally-sourced native plants including:

(i) Evergreen trees (14.09a) mainly including Ligustrum lucidum(45%), Eriobotrya japonica (40%), Platycladus orientalis (12%); (ii) Deciduous trees (33 species, 22.94 ha) mainly including Paulownia fortunei(14%), Pterocarya stenoptera (11%), Fraxinus chinensis (8%), Robinia pseudoacacia (8%), Salix babylonica(6%), Diospyros kaki(5%), populus tomentosa(5%), Albizia julibrissin (5%) and etc. (iii) Small trees and shrubs (40 species, 2.15ha) mainly including Malus spectabilis(22%), Yucca gloriosa (17%), Photinia serrulata (9%), Kerria japonica(9%), Amorpha fruticosa(7%), Hibiscus syriacus (6%) and etc. (iv) Flower and grasses (1.29ha) include Ophiopogon japonicus(53%), lycium chinense(29%), Ophiopogon bodinieri(6%), and others (12%) (v) Aquatic plants (2.03a) include 1.83ha of shallow water vegetation with species of Lythrum salicaria (21%), Zizania caduciflora (15%), Phragmites communis (13%), Nelumbo nucifera (13%), Alisma plantago-aquatica (10%), Typha orientalis (10%), Iris pseudocorus (9%), and others (9%); 0.2ha of deep water vegetation including Hydrilla verticillata (39%), Myriophyllum verticillatum (21%), Myriophyllum (20%), and Ceratophyllum demersum (20%).

1.4 Infrastructure construction

Infrastructure construction under the subproject include construction of road, fencing and public infrastructures.

a) Roads

Roads along the south bank of Qihe River. The subproject will construct (a) 12.41km maintenance road with width of 5m along the south bank of the Qihe River including 3.78km using of existing provincial highway S302, and 8.63km upgrading of existing rural road; (b) 3.33km of first level patrol footpath with width of 3.5m; (c) 17.65km of patrol footpath with width of 2m; (d) 2.04km of second level patrol footpath with width of 1.2m. The pavement is red permeable concrete pavement except that the second level patrol footpath is a simple gravel pavement.

Figure IV-22 Roads along south bank of Qihe River

Roads in Fu Mountain ecological reserve. The subproject will construct (a) 4.36km of maintenance road with width of 5m; (b)upgrade 4.69km first-level patrol footpath. The maintenance road will be paved with concrete surface while the other footpath will be paved with gravel, permeable brick, or stones.

Figure IV-23 Roads in Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve

b) Fencing

Human activities, such as overfishing, large-scale introduction of torch trees and other exotic plants, beach reclamation, human and animal infestation, and disorderly development and destruction have reduced plant genetic resources and germplasm. To reduce such adverse impact, the subproject will install 3,804m long and 1.5m high barbed wire fences. Distribution of the fences is shown in Figure IV-24.

Figure IV-24 Layout of wetland park fencing

Panshitou Reservoir environmental improvement subproject

Panshitou Reservoir is located 35 km upstream from the urban area of Hebi City. The dam was constructed in 2007.

Table IV-12 Summary of subproject activities Item Activities Revegetation Greening of 73.33ha at the reservoir island, the hillside behind the island and two within reservoir Peninsula barren hills area Barren slope Barren hill greening of 27.20ha. including greening at slope of upstream of spillway, greening in dam the exit slope, the slope of the left dam head, abandoned quarry sites during area construction of the reservoir Environment (i) Remove 7,700t of waste and afforestation of 0.8ha at the area near improvement Yangzhaigou village; (ii) Remove 3,300t of waste and afforestation of 12.87ha at the area near Gongjiazhuang village; (iii) 1.6ha of wetland restoration, replanting 1,500 arbors and shrubs and 208,900 aquatic plants planted. Slope Slope stabilization area 7.20ha, slope greening 10ha stabilization and restoration Reservoir (i) Construction of buildings (1,339 m2) including upgrade gate chamber (1,230m2), infrastructure newly build 4 safety monitoring rooms (60.8 m2), newly build 4 ecological toilets and a mobile power management room (48m2) (ii) Small scale water supply pipelines (2.44km) for reservoir management rooms. (iii) Wharf upgrading and management office construction. Expand the existing floating wharf with 6 wooden platforms and construct an 2-floor management office with covering an area of 48m2 (iv) Roads. Repairing 1.95km and newly build 2.95km with width of 6-9m.

Figure IV-25 Layout of Panshitou Reservoir environmental improvement subproject

2.1 Revegetation within Panshitou Reservoir Area

Due to extensive human production activities, the forest coverage rate in the reservoir area has been decreasing year by year, leading to the problems of bare hills and soil erosion. The naturally formed plants in the area are mainly Gleditsia sinensis, Vitex negundo Linn. and Ziziphus jujuba, Spiraea cantoniensis Lour., etc. and herbs including hemeda japonica (Willd.) Tanaka, Pennisetum centrasiaticum Tzvel., Gramineae, Carex duriuscula C.A.Mey. and etc. These plants are unevenly distributed with low ecological value. Some native tree species such as Platycladus orientalis are artificially planted in the area and are scattered sporadically, but because of thin soil cover, insufficient vegetation thickness. severe soil erosion, and narrow habitats for birds and birds, the ecology is facing serious threats of degradation.

The subproject will revegetation 73.33ha of barren island and hills within the reservoir area, including center island (5.73ha), hillside behind the island (10ha), No. 1 peninsula (37.6ha) and the No. 2 peninsula (20ha).

Locally-sourced native trees and shrubs with strong adaptability and good landscape such as Pinus tabulaeformis, Fraxinus chinensis, Acer mono, Amygdalus davidiana, Cotinus coggygria, Forsythia, Platycladus orientalis has been selected for greening, and 121,000 seedlings of all kinds will be planted.

Figure IV-26 Barren Hill Greening within Reservoir Area

2.2 Revegetation around Panshitou Reservoir Area

The subproject will reforest barren hills with total area 27.20ha around the reservoir, including the spillway slope (13.13ha), north bank slope of the spillway (2.67ha), the slope of left bank of dam (6.67ha), waste slope in the northeast of quarry sites (4ha), and slope of quarry site (0.73ha), Figure IV-27.

Locally-sourced native plants trees and shrubs with strong adaptability and good landscape such as Pinus tabulaeformis, Fraxinus chinensis, Acer mono, Amygdalus davidiana, Cotinus coggygria, Forsythia, Platycladus orientalis has been selected for greening, and 46,911 seedlings of all kinds will be planted.

Figure IV-27 Barren hills greening around reservoir

2.3 Environment Improvement of downstream of the Reservoir

The subproject will (i) remove 7,700t of waste and afforestation of 0.8ha at the area of Yangzhaigou; (ii) remove 3,300t of waste and afforestation of 12.87ha at the area near Gongjiazhuang village; (iii) restore 1.6ha of wetland by replanting 1,500 arbor and shrubs and 208,900 aquatic plants planted.

a) Yangzhaigou ecological restoration

The component will comprise waste clearance and revegetation as following:

Waste clearance. The earth and stone slags deposited in the area from yangzhaigou to Qihe beach will be cleaned and transported. Total 7,700 t of waste slags will be removed and an area of 0. 8ha will be cleaned.

Revegetation. Replant 1068 seedlings of mountain peach, Platycladus orientalis, Salix babylonica and Cotinus coggygria Scop at the 0.8ha area cleaned.

At downstream of the reservoir, Yangzhaigou is a mountain catchment gully, close to the Qihe River , which is the mountain catchment outlet. As a result of the rainstorm on July 19, 2016, a large amount of earth rock slag was accumulated,

vegetation was destroyed, road traffic was affected, water quality protection of the Qihe River was affected to some extent, and there was a potential risk of river blockage.

Location of Yangzhaigou Abandoned house of Yangzhaigou

b) Ecological restoration of Gongjiazhuang village and Qihe River

This component will comprise demolition of the house ruins, removal of waste residue, site clearance and revegetation in Gongjiazhuang village and Qihe River, including:

House demolition and waste clearance. Demolish 150 houses and clear and transport 3,000t construction waste and 280t of other solid waste. Land preparation for reforestation area 12.86ha.

Revegetation. Plant 20,265 seedlings of plants in Gongjiazhuang village area (12.85ha). Environment improve along 1,600m of Qihe River. Plant 1,540 seedlings of arbor and shrubs and 208,850 seedlings of aquatic plants (totally 0.93ha including 0.67ha for aquatic plant).

For the needs of ecological protection of the Qihe River, with the guidance of the local government, the households of Gongjiazhuang village have now been relocated and the surrounding cultivated land is no longer cultivated. Some of the area have been partially revegetated but there are still issues exist including: (i) house ruins have not been cleared; (ii) individual villagers return to the village to cultivate abandoned farmland, and randomly stack and discard production and domestic garbage; (iii) there are only a few economic trees planted near the village, and the vegetation is seriously insufficient.

Location of Gongjiazhuang Existing condition of Gongjiazhuang

2.4 Slope stabilization and revegetation

The subproject will comprise ecological protection of the rocky slopes in the Huajianao quarry site, with a total area of 72,000 m2. There are two levels of bare terraces from the slope of quarry to the road, including 4ha of first-level platform and 6ha of second-level platform with waste residue of about 30,000 m3. The waste will be cleaned and the slope will be replanted Figure IV-28.

Figure IV-28 Slope protection and revegetation design

The Huajianao quarry site was used for construction of Panshitou Reservoir Project and South-to-North Water Transfer Project. The quarry elevation is 233.50m to 427.30m. The quarry has uneven slopes, severe damaged surface, very little soil content, and no native plant communities. The surface of the slope is broken, and there is a risk of falling rocks.

Slope ecological restoration

2.5 Reservoir infrastructure renovation and construction

The subproject will upgrade or construct roads, buildings, water supply, and wharf.

Roads. The subproject will repair1.95km of road pavement and newly build 2.95km of road with width of 6-8m. Details are shown in Table IV-13.

Table IV-13 Activities of road component Activities Length (m) Width (m) Repair left dam head to left bank of spillway 147 6 Repair left dam head to water conveyance tunnel 100 6 Repair left dam head to traffic bridge downstream of spillway 814.2 6 Repair right dam head to pier 255 6 Repair dam crest road 630 8 Construct connection road of yangzhaigou and 200 6

gongjiazhuang Construct Gongjazhuang road 1,600 6 Construct connection road from dam to Huiquangou 1,150 8

Buildings. The component comprise renovation of sluice gate chamber and water conveyance tunnel chamber (1,292m2), management office (810m2), 4 safety monitoring rooms (60.8 m2); newly construction of 4 ecological toilets (180m2).

Reconstruction of the safety monitoring room and improvement of the on-site sanitation. There are 4 old safety monitoring room in the middle of two green belts downstream of the dam and behind the dam. Since they are not adequate to protect monitoring equipment installed inside and the equipment has aged, the security monitoring room should be built and the safety monitoring equipment needs to be replaced in the room. In addition, 4 ecological toilets (microbial degradation type) will be set up: (i) the right dam head area, next to the Commencement Monument of Panshitou Reservoir (see the photo below; (ii) in the reconstructed spillway sluice room (see (6) below); (iii) the crossroad between the reservoir and the power station; and (iv) the right bank of downstream of spillway. The construction will have no impact on the integrity of the dam and will not endanger the safety of the dam.

Damaged railings to be replaced

Upper lock chamber of the spillway Upper lock chamber of the water conveyance tunnel

monitoring room should be built and the safety monitoring equipment needs to be replaced in the room. In addition, 4 ecological toilets (microbial degradation type) will be set up: (i) the right dam head area, next to the Commencement Monument of Panshitou Reservoir; (ii) in the reconstructed spillway sluice room; (iii) the crossroad between the reservoir and the power station; and (iv) the right bank of downstream of spillway. The construction will have no impact on the integrity of the dam and will not endanger the safety of the dam.

Construction of the mobile power management room of the right dam head. The right dam head mobile power supply management room is placed in the open air. To ensure timely power generation in case of power failure, a new right dam head mobile power supply management room will be built, with a construction area of 48.0m2 and greening of the outdoor floor and courtyard. The construction will not affect the integrity and safety of the main dam.

Reconstruction of the reservoir water supply system. The existing water supply system pipes are aging and damaged seriously. At present, the water supply cistern (volume 1300m3) is leaking and damaged, and the cistern does not have cover, so the water quality is likely to be polluted (see the figure below). The aging water supply pipe will be replaced with DN40 plastic-coated composite steel pipe (Q235B). The cistern will be strengthened with cover, to prevent falling debris and pollutant inflow. The reconstruction will not affect the integrity of the dam or endanger dam safety.

Construction of the new terminal (wharf). At present, the reservoir wharf is located in front of the dam, about 500 meters away from an intake for drinking water supply, in the first-class protection zone of drinking water source. According to the requirements of environmental protection, no wharf is allowed to be built within 1000 meters from intakes for drinking water supply. This time, it will be moved to the vicinity

of Huiquangou resettlement village, about 3 kilometers away from the dam. The new wharf will be a floating wharf with 1 pontoon and 6 floating platforms (each will be 5m long). Each floating platform will be composed of 4 small wooden platforms (1.5m×0.8m). The new wharf construction will have no adverse impact on the integrity and safety of the dam.

Reconstruction of hoist rooms and management house of the spillway. The spillway of Panshitou reservoir is located on the left side of the dam, about 100 meters away from the dam. This time, the 4 simple hoist rooms and 1 management house will be reconstructed as seen in photos below.

Photo 1. Spillway of Panshitou Reservoir

These metal structures were 4 simple hoist rooms 1 management house constructed for landscaping more than 10 years ago. These will be removed. These will be reconstructed as

seen in photos below.

Addition of protective railings. There are only kerbs at the downstream of the dam crest. In order to enhance the traffic safety of the dam crest, protective railings with total length of 630m will be added at the downstream of the dam crest. (see photo below).

Photo. Location for protective railings installation

Water supply. Small scale water supply pipelines (2.44km) for reservoir management rooms.

Pire. Construct a new pier with 6 wooden platforms and a 2-floor management office which covering an area of 48m2.

Guardrail. Newly construct 630m guardrail along dam crest road.

D. Institutional Arrangement for Construction and Operation

The executing agency (EA) is the Hebi City Government (HCG) responsible for overall project implementation. A project leading group (PLG) and a PMO have been established in the HCG. The PLG is chaired by the Executive Vice Mayor of HCG, with members from the Hebi City Government, Hebi Finance Bureau (HFB), Hebi Development and Reform Commission (HDRC), and other relevant agencies. The PMO is chaired by the Deputy Director of the HFB and comprises staff and representatives from the relevant government departments. The governments of Qibin District, Qi County and Xun County will be the implementing agencies (IAs). The IAs will establish Project Implementation Units (PIUs) to implement the sub-components. The PIUs include Qibin District Housing and Urban-rural Construction Bureau, Qi County Forest Bureau and Panshitou Reservoir Management Bureau. The scope of proposed works for each IA and PIU is shown in Table IV-14.

Table IV-14 Project Implementation Arrangements No. Proposed Subcomponent Project Implementing Unit (PIU) Output 1. Ecological conservation and environmental management of upper Qihe River and its watershed enhanced 1.1 Qihe River Ecological Wetland Qibin District Forestry Bureau Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject 1.2 Panshitou Reservoir Environment Panshitou Reservoir Management Bureau Improvement Output 3. Wastewater and Solid Waste Management in the Qihe River Basin improved 3.1 Qibin District Urban Environmental Qibin District Housing and Rural and Urban Development Management subproject Bureau

E. Associated Facilities

ADB’s SPS (2009) defines associated facilities as “facilities that are not funded as part of a project but whose viability and existence depend exclusively on the project, or whose goods or services are essential for successful operation of the project.” The planned Jiqiao south WWTP in Qibin District which will receive wastewater from the collection pipelines constructed in this project, is associated facility. Construction details of the WWTP are shown in Table IV-15.

Table IV-15 Wastewater Treatment Plant for Qibin Wastewater Management sub-component Designed Discharge Operation No. Plant Name Location Operation Entity Capacity Standard Year Juqiao 50,000 m3/d Qibin Hebi Qibin Wastewater 1 south (Phase I 25,000 1A - District Treatment Co. Ltd WWTP m3/d)

The Hebi Juqiao south WWTP is located in the south of Lianwa village and the east of Wangchang village, Juqiao Town, Qibin District. It will be constructed in two phases. The treatment capacity of Phase I is 25,000 t/d. The WWTP will adopt A2O biochemical treatment

process and Class 1a of PRC Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002) will be applied. The EIA for the project was prepared in April and approved in June 2017. Construction of the WWTP was initiated in August 2017 and the major works has been completed. The remaining works include construction of associated sewer pipelines connected to the WWTP, installation of facilities such as power supply, on-line monitoring and etc. It is expected that the construction to be completed in first half of 2020.

V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. Environmental Setting

Climate. Hebi is located in northern Henan, and has warm temperate and semi-humid monsoon climate. It experiences four seasons and large seasonal temperature variations. Hebi City has a dry and windy spring, hot and humid summer, clear autumn and cold and foggy winter. Mean annual temperature is 14.20C, maximum temperature is 41.50C, and minimum temperature is -14.20C. Pre-dominant wind direction is north, year round, with mean annual wind speed of 2.3 m/s. Maximum wind strength is Grade 9 out of 18 Grades and maximum wind velocity is 24 m/s. Inter-annual variation of the precipitation is large, with uneven distribution in the year. Mean annual precipitation is 674.8 mm, maximum annual precipitation is 1,926.9 mm (Xincun Station in 1956) and minimum annual precipitation is 316.3 mm. Precipitation from June to September accounts for 70% - 80% of the annual total. Mean annual evaporation capacity is 1,700 mm, mean annual sunshine duration is 2331.6 h, there is an annual frost-free period of about 200 days.

Topography and soils. Hebi City is located at the junction between the Taihang Mountains in the west of North Henan and the North China Plain. Rivers in Hebi are branches of Haihe River and Weihe River, of which Henghe River flows through the northwest region, Tanghe River originates from the central region, and Qihe River passes through the new urban area in the south region. The Qihe River flows through three geomorphic regions, mountain, hill, and plain. The river section from Panshitou Reservoir to a local landmark “NaturalTaijitu” 3 is in the mountain region, the section from this point downstream to Liuzhuang barrage (an existing barrage across the Qi mainstream) in Qibin District is in the hill region, and the section from the dam downstream to New Xiaohekou is in the plain region. The gradient of Hebi River decreases from 1/100 - 1/200 in the mountain region, 1/600 - 1/700 in the hilly midreaches, and 1/2,000 in the floodplain (lower reaches). Soils of Hebi City comprise six groups, 11 subgroups and 21 soil genera. Main categories are aeolian sandy soil, fluvial soil, cinnamon soil, swamp soil, and paddy soil. Wetlands support “cinnamon” and “swamp” soils. Cinnamon soil occurs in the hill slopes and flood land on both banks of Qihe River . On steep slopes the soil layer is thin and with high gravel content. Lower hill slopes and plains support thick soil layers with high organic matter content.

Hydrology and surface water resources. The Qihe River originates from Qizi Mountains in Shanxi Province. It flows through Hui County, Linzhou, Qibin Districts, Qi County and Xun County to the new Xiaohekou in the west of Qimen and flows into Wei River (a 283 km long tributary of Hai River). Total length of the Qi is 162 km. The drainage basin is 2,142 km2. Total length of the river within Hebi City is 83 km, from Panshitou reservoir upstream to the confluence with the Wei River downstream, through Qibin District and Qi County, with a drainage area of 225 km2. The upper, middle, and lower reaches are 23.7 km, 14.3 km, and 45.0 km, with gradients of 1/100─1/200, 1/600─1/700, and 1/2,000 respectively. In the Qihe River section located in Hebi, there are 12 barrages and one dam, Panshitou (below). In general, the Qi upper reaches are shallow, rocky, and swift-flowing. The main sources of water supply of the Qihe River are precipitation, Panshitou Reservoir, and Xugou Hot Springs. In recent years, the recorded maximum flood volume was 7,080 m3/s. Floods over 3,000m3/s have occurred 7 times since 1949. The highest measured discharge was at Xincun Station in 1963 (5,990 m3/s). The inter-annual difference of water volume in the Qi is large and within-

3 Taijitu is a Chinese symbol for the concept of yin and yang (Taiji). The Taijitu consists of a rotated pattern inside a circle. The typical Daoist taijitu is black and white with a black dot upon the white background, and a white dot upon the black background.

year distribution is uneven. Mean annual discharge of Qihe River in the project area is 10.69 m3/s. June to August is the flood season.

Panshitou Reservoir. Panshitou Reservoir is located immediately upstream of the project area and 35 km upstream from the urban area of Hebi City. The dam was constructed in 2007. The reservoir has a catchment area of 1,915 km2 (89.4% of the total catchment area of Qihe River ). Total storage capacity of the reservoir is 608 Mm3 (million cubic meters). The reservoir is for flood control, irrigation, domestic and industrial use. It is designed for a 100 year flood interval; the design flood level is 270.7 m, total storage capacity is 0.532 billion m3, and the flood prevention storage capacity is 0.276 billion m3. The 2,000-year return water level of the reservoir is 278.40 m, the corresponding storage capacity is 0.68 billion m3, and the flood regulation storage capacity is 0.434 billion m3. The beneficial use water level (normal pool level) of the reservoir is 254.0 m, and the storage capacity of beneficial use is 0.28 billion m3. The industrial and urban water supply amount is 0.135 billion m3. The discharge flows at 3–5 year flood, 5–10 year flood and 10–50 year flood are 100 m3/s, 400 m3/s and 800 m3/s respectively. The reservoir maintains 0.5 m3/s environmental flow during normal season and 0.25 m3/d during dry season (i.e. when the water level is below 230 m). The reservoir is managed by Panshitou Reservoir Construction and Operation Bureau. Dam safety, maintenance, and monitoring is regulated in compliance with the PRC’s Regulation on Dam Safety (1991).

The reservoir has significantly improved the flood management capacity of Hebi City, but has also entirely changed the hydrology of the Qi, including alteration of seasonal flow regime and volume, reduced downstream flow; increased frequency and extent of winter ice cover in winter due to the shallow water levels; and reduced magnitude of discharge of groundwater.

Tributaries of Qihe River in Qi County. Rivers in Qi County belong to the drainage system of Weihe River in the drainage basin of Haihe River. The main rivers are Qihe River , Side River, Zhaojia Channel and Zhejing River. The mean quantity of groundwater is 66 million m3. Per capita occupancy of water resource is 262 m3, only one-ninth of the national per capita value. The Side River has a basin area of 310 km2, total length of 41.5 km, and flows through Qixian County. Zhejing River, Zhaojia Channel, and Yangwu and Liangxiang Ditches form a small closed basin the county. In the north, the Xiaozhu River has a basin area of 138 km2. It flows east into Qihe River . The Zhaojia Canal originates from Xiaochunhua, is 21 km long, has a basin area of 225 km2, is adjacent to Side River and flows south into Communism Channel. In the upstream of Zhaojia Channel, there is Hongwei Reservoir for flood storage. This river basin covers the new district of county, the station of Qiaomeng township government, Qiaomeng Town and Xigang Town. The Zhejing River originates from Taihe Spring of Quantou Village and flows through Qiaomeng, Chaoge, Beiyang and Xigang Towns into the Weihe River. Total length is 19.8 km and basin area is 100 km2. The Hucheng River is in the urban area of Qi County and 3.6 km long.

Qibin District. Tianlai Canal receives water from Qihe River . Mianfeng Canal is 4.03 km long and was originally an irrigation and flood control channel. Water in the second branch channel is drawn in from Tianlai Channel, flowing eastwards into Hucheng River, the channel to the east of Huangshan Road has carried out landscape renovation, which presents a pleasant scene with clear water and green bank, while the channel to the west of Huangshan Road has not carried out landscape renovation, which has deep groove and thriving trees and poor hydrophilicity. The third branch channel is newly excavated, next to Liujiang Road, whose water is drawn in from Tianlai Channel, flowing eastwards into Hucheng River. The third branch channel is newly excavated, next to Liujiang Road, whose water is drawn in from Tianlai Channel, flowing eastwards into Hucheng River. Hucheng River is an artificial channel in the east part of the new district of Hebi City, which borders Dalu Ditch in the north, connects

Qihe River in the north, connects with a branch canal of Tianlai Channel, mainly taking over the urban rainwater and assuming the function of flood control and drainage.

Groundwater. The total quantity of the groundwater resource of Qixian County is 97 million m3. Mean total precipitation per year in Qixian County is 0.41 billion m3, besides evaporation and infiltration, the mean runoff depth is 162 mm, the annual runoff total quantity is 94,371,000 m3. The surface runoff often occurs in the rainy season, especially in the flood season, besides that part of it infiltrates and replenish the groundwater, most of it flows outside the region along Side River, Qihe River , Xiaozhu River and Bami Ditch.

B. Physical Environment at the Project Sites

Baseline sampling of ambient environmental conditions (surface water quality, acoustic environment, air quality, sediment quality) was conducted by Pony Testing International Group in March and April 2014. Sampling of surface water quality was also conducted by the Hebi Environmental Monitoring Station in 2013 at four canals and the Side. Sampling locations are shown in Figure V-1.

109. Air quality. With reference to the July 2018 report of “Air and Water Environment Quality in Hebi City in July 2018”, the ambient air quality status of Qibin District in Hebi City in July is presented in Table V-1. It can be seen from the table that the concentrations of SO2, NO2, PM10, and PM2.5 of Hebi City meet the requirements of Class II of the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-2012). The air quality is good.

Table V-1 Results of Air Quality Sampling in 2018 Factor SO2 NO2 PM10 PM2.5 Daily average 19 26 65 32 Class II standard 150 80 150 75 (GB3095-2012 )

SW1

GW2 N2 N1 GW1 N3 SW2

N4 N5 GW3 N8 LEGEND N11 N9

N1=Noise N7 N10 GW1=Ground water N12 SW1=Sueface water

Figure V-1 Sampling locations for surface water, ground water and noise

Surface water quality. Sampling results (Table V-3) indicate that water quality of the mainstream Qi, and Tianlai, Mianfeng, Erzhi, and Sanzhi Canals exceeds the standards of Grade III of GB 3838-2002. Monitoring results showed exceedance of Category V standards for COD, BOD5, TN, TP and NH3-N at Zhejing River and Side River. Pollution of the Side River is caused by discharge of untreated domestic sewage from residential area and industrial wastewater from Heqi Industrial cluster zone. Pollution of Zhejing River is mainly caused by discharge of untreated domestic sewage from residents along the river.

Table V-2 Baseline Surface Water Quality Sampling Unit: mg/L except pH Sampling Exceeding rate GB 3838-2002 No. Parameters Results location (%) standard* pH 7.93 0 6~9 Imn 0.9 0 2 BOD5 0.48 0 3 NH3-N 0.03 0 0.15 Huanghuaying SW1 Petroleum 0.005 0 0.05 Volatile phenol 0.00015 0 0.002 Hg 0.00002 0 0.00005 Pb 0.0009 0 0.01 COD 3.3 0 15 pH 7.85 0 6~9 Imn 0.7 0 4 BOD5 0.25 0 3 NH3-N 0.04 0 0.5 Xincun SW2 Petroleum 0.005 0 0.05 Volatile phenol 0.00015 0 0.002 Hg 0.00002 0 0.00005 Pb 0.0009 0 0.01 COD 3.2 0 15 Source: Domestic EIA report *Class I for Huanghuaying section and Class II for Xincun section

Ground water. Baseline ground water quality sampling was undertaken at three locations on 22 March 2019. Monitoring results are presented in Table V-3. It can be seen from the table that the monitoring results of the monitoring sites meet the requirements of class III standard of the Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T14848-2017), and the groundwater environment quality in the project area is good.

Table V-3 Baseline Ground Water Quality Sampling Results Class III of Parameters Unit Huajiazui Xugou Lihezhai GB/T14848- GW1 GW2 GW3 2017 Na mg/L 16.2 14.5 39.8 ≤200 K mg/L 2.89 3.39 3.51 / Ca mg/L 159 72 80 / Mg mg/L 57 28 31 / CO32- mg/L ND ND ND / HCO3- mg/L 275 240 260 ≤450 chloride mg/L 158 20 36 ≤250 SO42- mg/L 70 88 95 / pH / 7.86 7.65 7.42 6.5～8.5 NH3-N mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.50 Nitrate mg/L 6.9 9.2 8.3 ≤20.0 Nitrite mg/L ND ND ND ≤1.00 Volatile phenols mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.002 Cyanide mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.05

Results Class III of Parameters Unit Huajiazui Xugou Lihezhai GB/T14848- GW1 GW2 GW3 2017 As mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.01 Hg mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.001 Cr+6 mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.05 total hardness mg/L 294 265 281 ≤450 Pb mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.01 Fluoride mg/L 0.08 0.11 0.12 ≤1.0 Cd mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.005 Fe mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.3 Mn mg/L ND ND ND ≤0.1 Total dissolved mg/L 376 389 401 ≤1000 solids permanganate index mg/L 0.6 0.7 0.8 ≤3.0 Sulfate mg/L 64.5 57.2 55.5 ≤250 chloride mg/L 19.5 21.2 18.2 ≤250 Total coliform No./L ND ND ND ≤3.0 Source: Domestic EIA report ND=not detected

Noise. Baseline noise level monitoring was undertaken from 9th to 10th October 2018 and from 22th to 23th March 2019. Daytime and Night time noise level were monitored at totally 12 locations including one traffic noise monitoring site at road side of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao expressway and 11 ambient noise monitoring sites at villages near the project areas. Monitoring results are presented in Table V-4, indicating that roadside noise level meet Class 4a and noise level at residential areas meet Class II Ambient Nosie Standard.

Table V-4 Results of Noise Level Monitoring (unit: dB(A)) Location No Daytime Night time 9 Oct 2018 10 Oct 2018 9 Oct 2019 10 Oct 2018 Hujiazui village N1 52.6 53.3 44.9 45.4 Xugou village N2 53.1 54.5 43.8 44.7 Zhujia village N3 52.1 50.9 42.7 41.8 Xixun village N4 52.6 52.7 42.3 42.4 Liuzhuang village N5 48.5 46.2 41.6 42.7 Gongjiazhuang village N6 48.7 49.1 43.5 42.6 2019.03.22 2019.03.23 2019.03.22 2019.03.23 Lutun village N7 56.1 55.5 45.2 44.9 Dongchentou village N8 54.6 53.8 42.6 41.8 Beimengzhuang village N9 52.4 53.3 41.8 40.5 Houfanzhuang village N10 58.3 57.2 46.3 45.8 Hulutao village N11 50.1 51.3 39.5 40.1 Class II of Environmental Quality 60 60 50 50 Standard for Noise (GB3096-2008) Traffic noise Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao N12 53.8 52.6 40.3 41.2 Expressway Class 4a of Environmental Quality 70 70 55 55 Standard for Noise (GB3096-2008) Source: domestic EIA reports

C. Ecological Resources

Ecological assessment scope.

The Qibin Urban Environment Improvement Subproject area has been completely urbanized, and the ecological environment belongs to the urban ecological type. The green space and various forest trees in the area are artificially planted, and there is no natural green space and trees. The ecological assessment hereafter focus mainly on the area around Qihe River and Panshitou Reservoir where the Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject located. The assessment scope is 1km extension of the subproject area with total area of 31.5km2, see Figure V-2.

Figure V-2 Ecological assessment area

Ecological function zoning.

According to the urban master plan of Hebi City (2007-2020), the Qihe Wetland Ecological Zone includes three types: ecological conservation zone, ecological recreation zone, and management service zone, Figure V-3.

The areas for component of Wetland restoration and revegetation at south bank of Qihe River belong to ecological conservation areas and ecological recreation areas. (i) The ecological conservation area covers an area of 249ha. It is an important habitat for wild animals such as catfish and waterfowl in Qihe River, and also a source of drinking water in Hebi City. It mainly conducts necessary protection and management activities such as protection, restoration, and monitoring, and does not conduct other activities unrelated to wetland ecosystem protection and management. (ii) The ecological recreation areas are located in Wetland Ecological Park and Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve. Wetland ecological parks include Wanghe Wetland Park, Wangtan Wetland Park, Zhujia Wetland Park, with a total area of 60ha. This area is the main area for enriching ecological wetland types and organizing ecological leisure. The area of Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve is 303ha.

Figure V-3 Function zones of the Qihe River wetland

Land Use

Major land categories in the project area are water (294.4 ha, 40%), woodland (252.6 ha, 34.3%), and cultivated land (108.6 ha, 14.8%). Major land categories in the assessment area are cultivated land (1990.8 ha, 62.2%), woodland (709.1 ha, 22.5%), water (132.3 ha, 4.2%) (Table V-5). During the construction of the project, the protection of forest land and water areas should be strengthened. Ecological rehabilitation should be undertaken while returning farmland to forests and mudflats so as to minimize disturbance to soil and waters.

Table V-5 Land cover in the Assessment area Land cover Assessment area* Project area Area (ha) % Area (ha) % Cultivated land Irrigated land 1990.8 63.2 108.63 14.78 Woodland Forest 232.05 7.37 203.29 27.66 Shrub 12 0.38 19.95 2.71 Others 465 14.76 29.33 3.99 Waters River 113.4 3.6 228.17 31.04 Pond 18.9 0.6 66.24 9.01 Urban/Industrial Residential land 132.96 4.22 Industrial and 27.2 0.86 27.2 3.71 Transportation Urban road 48.36 1.54 0.6 0.08 Rural road 0.48 0.02 1.4 0.19 Others Agricultural land 18.28 0.58 8.72 1.19 swampland 59.32 1.88 33.62 4.57 Bare land 31.25 0.99 7.84 1.07 Total 3150 100 734.99 100 *Assessment area covers the areas 1km extension of the project area.

Ecological survey

Data on flora and fauna in the assessment area was compiled from ecological surveys by DEIA team site visits to the project area in 2019, interviews with local experts, and desktop review. Habitats in the project assessment area are rated as GOOD under the PRC’s Technical Criterion for Ecosystem Status Evaluation (HJ192-2015), see Table V-6 for classification.

Table V-6 Classification of ecological environment Class Very good Good General Poor Bad Ecological <75 <55 <35 EI<20 index EI≥75 55≤EI 35≤EI 20≤EI Description High vegetation Relatively high Vegetation coverage is Poor vegetation Conditions are coverage, rich vegetation medium and the biodiversity coverage, severe bad and biodiversity, and coverage and is general, which is more drought and less human life is stable ecosystem relatively rich suitable for human life, but rain, fewer species, restricted biodiversity, and there are some restrictive there are obvious suitable for human factors that are not suitable factors restricting life for human life human life

To identify the habitat types in the assessment area, a combination of remote sensing interpretation and site survey was used to evaluate the ecological status. A quadrat surveys were conducted on 15 June 2018, including 4 herb quadrats (1×1 m), 1 shrub quadrat (5×5 m) and 3 tree quadrats (10×10 m).

4.1 Flora

The original vegetation of Hebi City is classified as temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest with abundant plant resources. Due to different habitat types and human activities, the distribution of plants in the area is different. There are relatively few plants in the main channel due to the continuous scouring of the river. In the areas of flood plain, shallow water and Xugou hot spring distribution area with slow water flow and less human disturbance, the natural vegetation is well preserved with rich plants. Trees mainly include Populus tomentosa and Salix matsudana. Emergent plant communities include Typha Orientalis, Juncellus serotinus, Sparganiaceae, Scirpus triangulates, Scirpus junoids, Scirpus yagara, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Alternanthera philoxeroides., Nymphoides peltatum, Polygonum lapathifolium, etc. Floating plant communities include Polygonum lapathifolium, Potamogeton crispus, hydralla, Ceratophyllaceae, etc. Floating plant communities include Spirodela polyrrhiza. + Lemna minor, zolla imbricat, etc

Tree quadrat Herb quadrat Shrub quadrat Figure V-4 Typical vegetation communities in the Project area

The flood plain is slightly higher than that of river bed, most of which have been developed and utilized to form Crop Ecosystem and artificial forest ecosystem, with only a small amount of natural vegetation left. Artificial plants mainly include Populus euramericana, Broussonetia papyrifera, Lagerstroemia indica, Rhus typhina, Sophora japonica, Ligustrum

lucidum, Prunus persica, Malus domestica, Pyrus bretschneideri and other trees, as well as wheat (Triticum aestivum), corn (Zeamays), bean (Glycine max), peanut (Arachishypogaea) and other crops. The natural vegetation are mainly Imperata cylindrica var.major, Setaria viridis, Xanthium sibiricum, Artemisia argyi, Tribulus terrestris, Vitex negundo, Humulus scandens, Plantago asiatica, etc.

There are few natural vegetation in the aquaculture farm, only emergent plants, floating plants and submerged plants are distributed on the edge of the ponds, and some common herbs and artificially planted trees are distributed on the ridge of the pond. The wild soybean (Wild Soya Glycine soja) in the wetland area is a national second-class protected plant, mainly distributed in the northernmost end of the project area.

The results of field survey and interpretation of remote sensing images show that the vegetation in the assessment area can be divided into the 7 types (Table V-7).

Table V-7 Key vegetation types of the assessment area Vegetation type Description Salix matsudana, Cercis This type is the main species around Qihe. Salix matsudana, chinensis, Albizia julibrissin Cercis chinensis, Albizia julibrissin are staggered with lush foliage and high coverage. Herbaceous plants such as Artemisia argyi and Rubia cordifolia are clustered under. The project area accounted for 0.63% of this type Populus euramericana, Fraxinus Mainly distributed on both sides of the river bank, and its chinensis herbaceous plants such as Artemisia argyi and Rubia cordifolia, etc. are clustered under with high coverage. The project area accounted for 4.40%. Broussonetia papyrifera, Mainly distributed on both sides of the river bank and has high Ziziphus jujuba Mill., Ligustrum coverage. The project area accounted for 8.10% lucidum Cotinus coggygria Scop.,Toona This type has a large distribution area and is mainly dominated sinensis, Rhus typhina by Cotinus coggygria Scop. It is mainly distributed along the river bank and is the main type of shrubs. The type of project area accounts for 14.32% Gramineae, Artemisia argyi, This type is distributed on the river bank in the project area and Polygonum hydropiper, Rubia has a high coverage. The proportion of this type in the project cordifolia area is 3.12% Phragmites Adans Distributed in flakes or strips along the river bank, it is the main habitat of swan goose and egret. The proportion of this type in the project area is 5.62%. Wheat, corn, bean, peanut This type is the main vegetation type in the assessment area, covering an area of 19.91km2, accounting for 63.2% of the total assessment area. This type of area in the project area is 108.63ha, accounting for 14.78% of the whole project area.

Vegetation cover of the project areas are shown in Figure V-5, Figure V-6 and Figure V-7. Inventories of flora species in the project area are presented in Tables V-6a–e.

Figure V-5 Present Vegetation Cover of South Bank Area of Qihe River

Building Gravel road Hardened ground Hardened road Grass land Abandoned farmland Fast-growing poplar Economic forest Mixed arbor and shrub Deciduous shrub Deciduous arbor Evergreen arbor Fu mountain eco-zone

Figure V-6 Present Vegetation Cover of Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve

LEGEND Gravel road Hardened road Hardened ground Abandoned farm Grass land Fast-growing poplar Deciduous shrub Deciduous arbor Backwater pond Fish pond Wetland Park Area

Figure V-7 Present Vegetation Cover of Wetland Park Area

Table V-8 Plants species recorded in the project area No. Chinese Scientific Name Protection Protection Endemic IUCN name level status to China? Status 1 构树 Broussonetia papyrifera 2 合欢 Albizia julibrissin Durazz 3 紫荆 Cercis chinensis Bunge Yes NA 4 旱柳 Salix nstsudana 5 欧美杨 Populus x euramericana 6 白腊 Fraxinus chinensis Roxb. 7 黄栌 Cotinus coggygria Scop. 8 火炬树 Rhus typhina 9 香椿 Toona sinensis 10 紫薇 Lagerstroemia indica L. 11 国槐 Sophora Japonica Linn. 12 女贞 Ligustrum lucidum Ait 13 黄荆 Vitex negundo L. 14 雪松 Cedrus deodara 15 树 Armemaca vulgaris Lam. 16 白梨 Pyrus bretschneideri Good Yes NA Rehd. 17 果 Malus domestica 18 酸枣 Ziziphus jujuba var.spmosa 19 大豆 Glycine soja National Poor Yes NA class II 20 芦苇 Phragmites australis 21 香蒲 Typha orientals Presl 22 水烛 Typha angustifolia 23 藨草 Scirpus triqueter

No. Chinese Scientific Name Protection Protection Endemic IUCN name level status to China? Status 24 小碎米莎 Cyperusmicroiria 草 25 眼子菜 Potamogeton franchetil 26 浮萍 Lemna minor L 27 紫萍 Spirodela polyrrhiza 28 黑藻 Hydrilla verticillata 29 小茨藻 Najas minor All. 30 白茅 Imperata cylindrica 31 狗尾巴草 Setaria viridis 32 苍耳 Xanthium sibiricum 33 义廿武芒 Artemisia argyi 34 疾黎 Tribulus terrestris 34 葎草 Humulus japonicus 36 车前草 Plantagoasiatica 37 马齿苋 Portulaca oleracea 38 小麦 Triticum aestivum Linn. 39 玉米 Zea mays 40 大豆 Glycine max 41 花生 Arachis hypogaea Linn. 42 问荆 Equisetum arvense 43 茜草 Rubia cordifolia L. 44 蟹甲草 Parasenecio forrestii Good Yes NA 45 水蓼 Polygonum hydropiper 46 酢酱草 Oxalis corniculata Linn. 47 醉鱼草 Buddleja lindleyana Fortune 48 月见草 Oenothera biennis L. 49 萝藦 Metaplexis japonica 50 山 Rubus corchorifolius L. f 51 忍冬 Lonicera japonica Thunb. 52 鼠 Rhamnus davurica Pall 53 木瑾 Hibiscus .syriacus Linn. 54 箬竹 Indocalamus tessellatus

4.2 fauna

Vertebrate fauna. For birds, at least 156 species from 39 families have been recorded from the project area, including about 105 migratory species, 51 resident species. Among migratory birds, 37 species are summer birds, 28 species are winter birds and 40 species are travelers. Common species are Ardea cinerea, Egretta alba, Fulica atra, Gallinula chloropus, Anser fabalis, Tadorna ferruginea, Anas poecilorhyncha, A.platyrhynchos and etc. There are 4 species of national grade I protected birds in Qihe River, including Ciconia boyciana, C. nigra, Aquila chrysaetos, Haliaeetus leucoryphus, and 22 species of national grade II protected birds, including Podiceps auretus, Cygnus cygnus, Grus grus, Accuiter gentilis, Buteo Buteo, etc. There are 10 species of birds under provincial protection, including Podiceps cristatus, Ardea cinerea, Anser cygnoides, Tringa tetanus and etc.

For fishes, 64 species (from 14 families in 8 orders) have been recorded in Qihe River. Among them, 41 species are Cyprinidae, account for 64%. Carp, crucian, grass, silver and

catfish are the main species. Among them, Qihe River catfish are local characteristic fish and dominant populations of Qihe River . Migratory fish are now extinct.

For mammals, there are 20 species from 8 families in 5 orders in the area. Among them, 4 species are in each family of Batidae and Muridae, 3 species in each family of Sciuridae, Circetidae, and Mustelidae, and 1 species in the each family of Erinaceidae, Leporidae, and Felidae. Common species are Erinaceus europaeus, Vespertilio serotinus, Lepus capensis, Sciurotamias davidianus, Cricetulus tritonde, Mus musculus, mustela Wait. The Felis bengalensis is a provincial protected species.

For reptiles, there are 19 species from 8 families in 2 orders have been recorded in the project area. Common species include Trionyx sinensis, Gekko swinhonis, Eremias argus, Dinodon rufozonatum, E.rufodorsata and etc.

For amphibians, 6 species from 3 families in 1 order have been recorded in the project area. Common species include Bufo gargarizans, Bufo raddei and Rana nigromaculata. The Rana nigromaculata is a provincial protected species.

There are 48 species of aquatic insects in the project area, accounting for 77% of the total aquatic invertebrate species. There are many species of Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera, most of which are sensitive. Main animal species in the assessment area are presented in Table V-9.

Tringa totanus Anser fabalis

Cygnus cygnus C.nigra Carassius auratus C.nigra

Carassius auratus

Grus grus

Egretta alba

Figure V-8 Location of animal species of conservation interest

Table V-9 Main animal species in the assessment area No. Class Chinese Order Family Scientific Name Protection Protection Endemic IUCN Status name level status to China? 1 Bird 方白鹳鹳形鹳 Ciconia boyciana National grade I EN 2 黑鹅鹳形鹳 Ciconia nigra National grade I LC 3 大天鹅形鸭 Cygnus cygnus National grade LC II 4 苍鹳形 Ardea cinerea Provincial Good LC 5 大白鹳形 Egretta alba Provincial Good LC 6 鸿形鸭 Anser cygnoides Provincial Good LC 7 鸳形鸭 Aix galericulata LC 8 灰形鸭 Anser anser Provincial Poor LC (increasing) 9 白骨顶鹤形秧 Fulica atra LC 10 普通夜鹰夜鹰夜鹰 Caprimulgus indicus LC 11 黑水鹤形秧 Gallinula chloropus LC (stable) 12 豆形鸭 Anser fabalis LC (decreasing) 13 赤麻鸭形鸭 Tadorna ferruginea LC 14 斑嘴鸭形鸭 Anas poecilorhyncha LC (decreasing) 15 绿头鸭形鸭 A.plaryrhynchos NA 16 白鹡形鹡 Motacilla alba LC (stable) 17 Fish 鲫鲤形鲤 Carassius auratus LC 18 鲤鲤形鲤 Cyprinus carpio VU 19 黄颡鱼鲶形鮠 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco NA 20 乌鳢鳢形鳢 Ophiocephalus argus NA 21 鲢鲤形鲤 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Provincial NA 22 草鱼鲤形鲤 Ctenopharyngodon idellus NA 23 鲶鱼鲶形鲶 Silurus asotus NA 24 泥鳅鲤形鳅 Misgurnus anguillicaudatus LC 25 Mammal 红脚鹅鸻形 Tnnga totanus Good LC 26 普通刺食虫 Erinaceus europaeus Good LC 27 夜蝙蝠翼手蝙蝠 Vespertilio serotinus NA 28 草兔兔行兔 Lepus capensis LC 29 岩松鼠啮齿松鼠 Sciurotamias davidianus Good Yes LC 30 大仓鼠啮齿仓鼠 Cricetulus tritonde NA

No. Class Chinese Order Family Scientific Name Protection Protection Endemic IUCN Status name level status to China? 31 小家鼠啮齿鼠 Musmusculus NA 32 黄鼬食肉鼬 Mustela sibirica LC 33 豹食肉 Prionailurus bengalensis LC 34 Reptile 鳖龟鳖鳖 Trionyx sinensis VU (decreasing) 35 无蹊壁虎蜥蜴壁虎 Gekko swinhonis Poor Yes VU 36 丽斑麻蜥蜥蜴蜥蜴 Eremias argus LC (stable) 37 赤链蛇蛇游蛇 Dinodon rufozonatum LC (stable) 38 红点锦蛇蛇游蛇 E. rufodorsata NA 39 Amphibian 中华大蟾蜍无尾锄足蟾 Bufo gargarizans LC 40 花背蟾蜍无尾锄足蟾 Bufo raddei Good Yes LC 41 黑斑蛙无尾蛙 Rana nigromaculata Provincial NT Source: DEIA, 2019

D. Socio-economic Conditions

Hebi City administers two counties (Xun and Qi), and 3 districts (Shancheng, Heshan and Qibin), and the Hebi Economic and Technological Development Zone. In the end of 2018, the total population of Hebi city was 1.66 million, with an urban population of 977,500 (60.1% of the total population). In 2018, the GDP in Hebi City was CNY 86.19 billion of which CNY6.005 billion was from the primary industry, CNY54.24 billion was from the secondary industry and CNY 25.95 billion was added by the tertiary industry. The industrial structure was 7.0:62.9:30.1. In 2018, the per capita disposable income of Hebi City was CNY24,093, an increase of 8.2% over the previous year. The per capita disposable income of urban residents was CNY30,687, an increase of 7.6%; the per capita disposable income of rural residents was CNY16,659, an increase of 8.7%.

Qibin District, the political, economic and cultural center of Hebi city, is where Hebi City Municipal Party Committee and the HCG are located. The district occupies a total area of 335 km2 and includes 2 townships, 2 towns, 6 subdistrict offices, 94 administrative villages and 56 communities. In 2018, Qibin district had a total population of 374,800. The GDP in Qibin District was CNY20.43 billion, the public finance budget income reached CNY1.11 billion. The per capita disposable income of Qibin district was CNY28,967, an increase of 10.1% over the previous year, urban average disposable income per capita reached CNY34,092, an increase of 7.9%, and rural average per capita net income was CNY15,323, an increase of 8.3%.

Qi County occupied a total area of 567km2 and include 9 townships (offices), 174 administrative villages and 3 communities. It has a total population of 269,000. In 2018, the GDP in Qi County was CNY24.63 billion, an increase of 7.5% over previous year; the public finance budget income reached CNY6.45 billion. The per capita average disposable income of Qi County was 22,662, an increase of 8.5%; urban average per capita disposable income reached CNY28,193, an increase of 7.7% over previous year; rural average per capita net income reached CNY 17,117, an increase of 8.6%. Qi County is national advanced township in food processing industry and technology, provincial advanced township in husbandry, economic management and it is also a key township in regard to opening-up policy.

E. Protected Areas, Reserves, and Physical Cultural Resources

The project area includes one protected area, the pilot National Wetland Park. At least 13 protected heritage sites occur in Hebi City, including the Dalaidian Heritage Site in Qibin District (Figure V-9). This was formed during the Shang Dynasty. It was approved as National Cultural Relics Protection Site by State Council in May 2013. Along the Qihe River , the Qihe River Natural Taijitu is a 3A National Scenic Reserve located in the upstream of Qihe River , 20 km to Hebi central city. It is the largest natural Taijitu founded in the PRC.

Figure V-9 Protected Heritage Sites in Hebi City

VI. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

A. Positive impact and Environmental Benefits

Direct project beneficiaries. The project will bring significant benefits to 977,500 urban residents in the Hebi City by improving urban infrastructures and supporting environmentally sustainable wetland protection and development. Of the total direct beneficiary populations, approximately 48% are women.

Water Quality Improvement. In the area of Qibin environment improvement subproject, there is no waste water collection system at present. Construction of sewer pipelines will help to establish wastewater collection system and the collected wastewater will treated at Juqiao south WWTP, whose discharge quality will meet Class 1A of Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002). This will prevent 6,600 t/d untreated wastewater from directly discharging into Qihe River, and thus reduce 521t/a of BOD5, 993t/a of COD, 62t/a of NH3-N discharging into Qihe River.

Improve water and soil conservation. In the Qihe River and Panshitou Reservoir area, the Qihe River ecological conservation component will plant and revegetate 416 ha of land (Table VI-1), of which 125.8 ha are barren hills and 77.61ha are abandoned agricultural land and grass land. These sites are vulnerable to water and soil erosion. Through reforestation of multifunctional forest, the project will contribute to water and soil conservation. This will convert bare hills, slopes, and farmland to forest, resulting in reduction of soil erosion intensity from annual 800-1000t/km2 to 500-600t/km2, and reduction of soil erosion amount of 610 to 810 tons per year.

Table VI-1 Summary of planting and revegetation area Location Evergreen Deciduous Economic Shrub Grass Aquatic Total Seedlings species tree (ha) tree (ha) tree (ha) (ha) (ha) plants (ha) (ha) Qihe River south 7.07 21.22 18.00 5.19 7.72 59.20 357,000 79 bank Fu Mountain 27.92 49.80 77.61 4.04 160.23 1,600,000 30 ecological reserve Wetland parks 14.09 22.94 2.15 1.29 2.03 42.50 900,000 108 Barren hills around 125.80 125.80 399,700 Panshitou Reservoir Qibin road 4.59 13.70 10.00 28.29 landscaping Total 273.43 77.61 37.89 16.48 9.75 416.02 3,256,700

Biodiversity protection. The biodiversity will be protected by following construction activities: (i) 27.7 ha of habitat creation and restoration; (ii) 42.50ha of wetland park construction; (iii) mix plantation of vegetation (arbor, shrub, grass and aquatic plants); (iv) installation of fencing for protected areas; (v) erecting of warning signs.

Climate change mitigation and adaptation. Hebi City is vulnerable to climate change. Project initiatives in both climate change mitigation and adaptation will introduce approaches and activities for developing climate resilience and reducing carbon emissions. Adaptations for a range of possible future climate changes (including greater risk of floods and droughts) have been included.

bank of Qihe River, Panshitou Reservoir barren hills and Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve; and (iii) promoting energy-efficient transport.

The road components will promote GHG emission reduction by (i) promoting enhanced energy efficiency through higher quality of road surfaces, grades and curve radii, improved road network connectivity, and reduced travel time; (ii) promoting public transportation (a low carbon transportation mode); and (iii) the PRC programs on vehicle emissions, clean fuel regulations, and public transport priority policy to maximize the benefits. The application of LED lights is expected to save 8.50 million KWh per year of electricity, resulting in a CO2 emission reduction of 8,476 t/a4 as compared to conventional street lighting.

The revegetation components will promote GHG emission reduction by (i) increase forestry area through conversion of farmland to forest and revegetation on barren hills; (ii) increase forest density through revegetation on sparse woodland area. The barren hill greening works and farmland to forest works will achieve about 1,995 tons CO2e of carbon sink per year.

Improved urban infrastructure. The road component will help Qibin district establish efficient, safe, sustainable and environmentally friendly urban transport systems including public transportation facilities, pedestrian crossings, traffic management facilities and landscaping. The road, sewer collection, and stormwater drainage components will benefit the local economies and residents’ health and safety.

Social and poverty reduction benefits. The project will enable sustainable social economic growth, industrial and tourism development, urbanization, and environmental improvement of the Hebi City. The project will create employment opportunities during construction. The IAs have assured that employment priorities will be given to vulnerable groups including women, the poor and ethnic minorities. To ensure the positive benefits of improved transport and water treatment, public programs in road safety, wetland management and environmental awareness will be conducted by the IAs, during the course of the project, supported by the loan implementation consulting service.

B. Potential Adverse Impact and Mitigation Measures

Design Phase

During design, some of environmental support provisions need to be put in place, including: (i) commission a qualified and experienced design institute for the design of conservation wetland and forest, including the detailed water balance analysis for the forest and landscaping irrigation; (ii) the tree species selected for the wetland, forest and landscaping should be local, cold and drought-tolerance, saline-alkaline tolerance and with good water conservation function.

Pre-Construction Phase

Prior to construction, the following measures will be implemented to ensure project’s environment management readiness. These include:

i) Institutional strengthening. Implementation of the EMP will be supported by the following specialist staff: (a) one environment officer for each of the 3 PIUs (total 3 officers) will be assigned to the project; and (b) a loan implementation environment specialist (LIEC) hired to support EMP implementation.

4 KWH electricity saving reduces 0.997kg CO2

ii) Updating the EMP. In the event of any changes in project design, the EMP will be updated as needed, including mitigation measures and monitoring. This will be the responsibility of the PMO, PIUs, and design institutes.

iii) Confirmation of land acquisition and resettlement. The LAR Plans will be updated with the final inventory and the results will be incorporated into the detailed designs.

iv) Training in environmental management. The LIEC and personnel from provincial EPD and municipal EPBs will give training in implementation and supervision of environmental mitigation measures to contractors and construction supervision companies (CSCs).

v) Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). The PMO and PIUs will launch the project GRM at least three months before the start of construction, to ensure that communities are well informed and have the opportunity to discuss any concerns.

vi) Bidding document and contract documents. The EMP will be included in the bidding documents and contracts for procurement of civil works, goods and services. All contractors and subcontractors will be required to comply with the EMP.

vii) Contractor obligations. In their bids, contractors will respond to the environmental clauses for contractual terms and EMP requirements. Prior to construction, each contractor will develop a Site EMP, based on the project EMP (Attachment 1), and assign a person responsible for environment, health, and safety (EHS). The site EMP shall include the following: (a) site drainage and soil erosion protection; (b) dredge spoil holding and treatment sites, material haulage routes, and waste disposal arrangements; (c) spill control and management; (d) health and safety; (e) surface water and groundwater protection; (f) temporary traffic management; and (g) construction site access control. The site EMP will be submitted to the environmental officers of each county PMO for approval, with support of the local EPBs.

Construction Phase

Construction-related risks include: (a) noise and dust disturbance to nearby communities from earthworks; (b) temporary noise and visual disturbance of fauna during habitat improvement works; and (c) traffic congestion or delays due to construction vehicle traffic.

Table VI-1 lists the sensitive receptors vulnerable to air and/or noise disturbance by the project. These comprise villages, schools and medical clinics. Most receptors are within 150 m of construction activities. Some are 5 m or less from construction activities, especially for road, storm and wastewater pipeline construction where some pipeline routes go through villages and developed areas and very close to households.

Table VI-2 Air and noise sensitive receptors to proposed construction activities Sensitive receptors Location Distance (m) No. of household No. of persons Qihe River ecological wetland reserve rehabilitation subproject Hejia village SW adjacent 150 550 Hujiazui village NE adjacent 101 320 Xugou village NE adjacent 231 730 Wangdong village E, S adjacent 110 450 Wangtan village SW adjacent 230 1,000 Zhujjia village S,W adjacent 215 860 Magedang village E, S adjacent 142 603

Sensitive receptors Location Distance (m) No. of household No. of persons Songzhuang village SW 570 123 431 Xiapang village NE 550 260 1,250 Lihezhai village S, W adjacent 115 432 Lihetun village SW 330 456 1,596 Jinzhuang village S 145 233 816 Xincun village NE adjacent 226 791 Yangjinzhuang village S adjacent 302 1,057 Wangzhuang village N, W adjacent 235 823 Xiazhuang village S 380 154 539 Liuzhuang village NE 140 638 2,313 Fushan village SW 50 103 357 Subtotal 4,024 14,918 Qibin Environment Improvement subproject Dongchentou village N pass through 155 686 Beimengzhuang village E pass through 240 830 Lutun village village S pass through 170 588 Houfanzhuang SE 478 150 560 subtotal 715 2,664 Source: domestic EIS and TEIA, 2019

3.1 Generic Physical impacts across Construction Sites and Mitigation

a) Noise

The major sources of noise pollution during construction are: movement of construction vehicles, the haulage of construction materials to the construction site, and the noise generating activities at the site itself. Construction facilities and equipment will include loaders, bulldozers, and excavators, piling machines, concrete mixer, travelling hoists, vibrators, air wrenches and cargo trucks. Concrete mixing and material movements are the primary noise generating activities and will be uniformly distributed over the entire construction period (Table VI-2). Construction activities are expected to produce noise levels in the range of 80-95 dB (A). Based on the types of powered mechanical equipment to be used and their cumulative sound level, impact distances for road construction, sewers installation and slope stabilization is modeled to be about 50 m in the day time and 150 m at night.

Table VI-2: Projected Results of Noise Attenuation of the Main Point Source (dB (A)) Name Equipment Distance from Noise Source (m) Limit 10 50 100 Day Night Loader 84 70 64 70 55 Bulldozer 80 66 60 70 55 Excavator 78 64 58 70 55 Pilling Machine 94 80 74 70 Forbidden Concrete Mixer 85 71 65 70 55 Travelling Hoist 90 76 70 70 55 Vibrator 78 64 58 70 55 Air Wrench 89 75 69 70 55 Cargo Trunk 86 72 66 70 55 Note. These data represent outdoor noise levels without mitigation e.g. lack of sound barriers around the construction site. Limitation values are from the PRC Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB 12523-2011). Source: Project EIA, 2015

 Pipelines will be installed in built-up areas and most sensitive receptors will be close to construction. The following measures will be implemented to comply with PRC construction site noise limits and protect sensitive receptors.  Night time (22:00-06:00 h) construction will be prohibited <300 m of receptors.

 Ensure noise levels from equipment and machinery conform to PRC standard of GB 12523-2011; properly maintain machinery to minimize noise.  Equipment with high noise and high vibration will not be used near village or township areas. Only low noise machinery or equipment with sound insulation will be employed.  Temporary anti-noise barriers will be installed to shield the nearby residences when there are residences within 50 m of the noise source.  Regularly monitor noise at sensitive areas (see Attachment 1). If noise is exceeded by more than 3 dB, equipment and construction conditions shall be checked, and mitigation measures shall be implemented to rectify the situation.  Provide the construction workers with suitable hearing protection.  Control the driving speed of vehicles and machinery on-site.  Inform residents prior to construction about the anticipated noise levels and duration. For residents very near the construction site and subject to prolonged noise exposure, provide hearing protection.  Conduct regular interviews with residents adjacent to construction sites to identify feedback. This will be used to adjust work hours of noisy machinery.

Pipeline installation and road construction are all linear activities. When construction is completed at a location, the activities move on and away. Construction noise impact is therefore short term. The above measures are defined in the EMP. With these measures in place and implemented, noise impacts during construction would comply with applicable standards.

b) Air Quality

Anticipated sources of air pollution from construction activities include dust generated by: (a) earthwork excavation, loading, hauling, and unloading; (b) movement of vehicles and heavy machinery on unpaved access and haul roads; (c) aggregate preparation, concrete- mixing, and haulage activities. Exhaust gas will be generated by: (a) asphalt melting, mixing, and spreading; and (b) vehicles and equipment. The exhaust gas from excavator, bulldozer and transportation vehicles mainly contains the pollutants of SO2 and NO2. Based on monitoring results of MV2A asphalt concrete equipment made by MARINI Company with capacity of 160 t/h, the fume concentration is about 22.7 g/m3, which complies with the Integrated Air Pollutant Emission Standard (GB 16297-1996) (80-150 mg/m3).

Dust emission depends on site conditions (e.g. soil, weather, season), construction activity and its management. The EIA institute predicted that the impact distance of fugitive dust from earthworks and uncovered stockpiles of earth material would be up 150 m downwind of the source. TSP levels would comply with GB 3095-2012 Class II standard of 0.3 mg/m3 for 24-h average at 150 m and beyond downwind of the source. For river embankment works and river dredging, the impact distance is likely to be within 100 m due to the moist nature of the material. The construction of the pipeline network will be in residential areas and other public areas therefore, dust pollution caused by construction shall be controlled to keep the quality of ambient air.

In conclusion: (i) without mitigation, dust emissions may be high and exceed standards >100 m from the source; and (ii) with water sprinkling, dust emission is reduced significantly, with emission levels exceeding the standards reaching only 30 m downwind and with over half of TSP load reduced. The following mitigation measures are defined in the EMP to limit dust generation and ambient air pollution during construction:

 Assign haulage routes and schedules to avoid transport occurring in the central areas, traffic intensive areas or residential areas. For the areas with high-demand on environmental quality, transport should be arranged at night.

 Spray water regularly on unpaved haul roads and access roads (at least once a day) to suppress dust; and erect hoarding around dusty activities.  Cover stockpiles with dust shrouds or tarpaulin. For the earthwork management for backfill, measures will include surface press and periodical spraying and covering. Extra earth will be cleared from the project site in time to avoid long term stockpiling.  Minimize the storage time of construction and demolition wastes on site by regularly removing them off site.  Situate asphalt mixing and concrete batching stations at least 300 m downwind of the nearest air quality protection target.  Equip asphalt, hot mix and batching plants with fabric filters and/or wet scrubbers to reduce the level of dust emissions.  Install wheel washing equipment or conduct wheel washing manually at each exit of the works area to prevent trucks carrying mud and soils onto public roads.  Keep construction vehicles and machinery in good working order, regularly service and turn off engines when not in use.  Vehicles with an open load-carrying case, which transport potentially dust-producing materials, shall have proper fitting sides and tail boards. Dust-prone materials shall not be loaded to a level higher than the side and tail boards, and shall always be covered with a strong tarpaulin.  During high wind, dust-generating operations shall not be permitted within 200 m of residential areas. Special precautions need to be applied in the vicinity of sensitive receptors such as schools, kindergartens and hospitals.

c) Soil erosion

During construction, the project components could affect the soil in the project areas through erosion, contamination, and differential compaction. Soil erosion may be caused by roadbed construction; excavation of pipe trenches; stockpiles and spoils from earthwork during constructions of roads, buildings and pipelines; and, when surface vegetation and soil removed. The following measures are defined in the EMP to minimize soil erosion during construction:

 Strip and stockpile the topsoil and cover or seal temporary such soil stockpiles.  Minimize active open excavation areas during trenching activities and use appropriate compaction techniques for pipe trenches construction.  Build drainage system and settling ponds at construction sites, borrow site and spoil site to minimize the soil erosion.  Lay straws or cloths at the entry/exist of runoff at each construction site.  Limit construction and material handling during periods of rains and high winds.  Carry out river/canal embankment work and rehabilitation works section by section with greening works implemented at the same time in order to avoid large scale soil erosion in rainy season.  Rehabilitate borrow site to farmland.  Properly re-vegetate disturbed surfaces, such as compacted pipeline trenches and river banks. All earthwork disturbance areas must be stabilized within 30 days after earthworks have ceased at the sites.  The soils on the tires of construction vehicles will be regularly cleaned.  Appropriately set up temporary construction camps and storage areas to minimize the land area required and impact on soil erosion

Strengthen inspection and monitoring of soil erosion. A soil erosion inspection and monitoring program has been proposed in the EMP. The soil erosion monitoring program will cover the sites of the proposed sewage network, road network, wetland creation, material storage site, borrow site and Panshitou reservoir environment improvement subproject sites. Internal inspection and monitoring will be conducted by contractors and construction

supervision companies (CSCs) while compliance inspection and monitoring shall be conducted by a licensed institute following the monitoring plan in the EMP. The monitoring results will be submitted to the city PMOs, the local EPBs and serve as basis for project progress reports and acceptance of construction.

The costs for the re-vegetation and soil erosion monitoring program will be included in the environment management costs of the work contracts. Implementation of the water and soil conservation plan will be part of the contractual obligations for the contractors and supervised by the project owners and construction supervision companies throughout the project implementation.

Earth work. The project earthworks will generate from: (i) trench excavation for road, sewage and stormwater pipeline networks; (ii) demolition of pavement; (iii) clearing of waste left in upstream catchment of Qihe River such as abandoned quarries, houses; (iv) soil filling for barren hills greening. Earthworks are summarized in Table VI-3.

Table VI-3 Earthwork for Each Project Component Component Engineering Area Excavation Fill Reuse Borrow Disposal (104 m3) (104 m3) (104 m3) (104 m3) (104 m3) Qihe River Ecological Qihe south bank 2.85 2.85 2.85 Wetland Reserve Fu Mountain ecological 3.96 3.96 3.96 Rehabilitation reserve Wetland park 0.96 0.96 0.96 Infrastructure 1.29 1.29 1.29 Panshitou Reservoir Revegetation for 3.02 3.02 3.02 Environment Panshitou Reservoir Improvement islands Barren hills around 1.57 1.17 1.17 0.40 reservoir stabilization and revegetation Waste clearance of 1.51 0.44 0.03 1.48 downstream village area Quarry rehabilitation 3.28 4.07 3.28 0.79 Infrastructure 0.91 0.50 0.50 Subtotal 19.35 18.27 17.06 0.79 1.88 Qibin District urban Storm water, sewer 137.66 137.66 environmental pipelines and road management Total 157.01 155.93 17.06 0.79 1.88 Source: Water and soil conservation plan and TEIA, 2019

It can be seen from the Table VI-3, 88% of the earth works are from trench excavation for storm water and sewer networks in Qibin District. This will mainly involve open cut. All of the earth cut material will be used for backfilling the pipeline trenches. No spoil generation is anticipated.

Borrow pit. Small amount of soil (7,900 m3) borrow is needed for revegetation of bared quarry site. A small hill covers an area of 1ha cultivated land has been initially selected in Tanyu village, Dahejian township, Qibin district. The site is about 1km northeast of the abandoned quarry site. The average borrow depth will be 1.2m and the site will be restored to cultivated land. Following measures will be undertaken for prevent erosion from borrow pit.

(i) The topsoil in the borrow area shall be stripped and stacked before excavation; (ii) Temporary drainage ditch shall be excavated around the borrow area, and construct sediment tank at effluence of drainage ditch;

(iii) Earth bags shall be set around the temporary earth storage site for blocking, and the earth stack shall be covered with dense mesh for protection; (iv) Rehabilitate the borrow area to cultivated land.

Spoil site. Spoil is mainly from the waste residue produced by the clearing of the quarry area around Panshitou reservoir, and demolition of abandoned houses of resettled villages. It is estimated that 30,800 tons of waste will be cleared and 18,800 tons need to be transported to spoil site for disposal. The abandoned Huajiannao borrow pit near the Panshitou reservoir has been selected as a spoil site. The waste materials will be used for filling or shaping micro topography of the abandoned borrow pit.

Soil contamination may result from the inappropriate transfer, storage, and disposal of petroleum products, chemicals, hazardous materials, liquids and solid waste. Mitigation measures for soil contamination control include the following:

(i) Properly store petroleum products, hazardous materials and wastes on impermeable surfaces in secured and covered areas, and use the best management practice to avoid soil contamination; (ii) Remove all construction wastes from the site to approved waste disposal sites; (iii) Establish emergency preparedness and response plan (Spill Management (iv) Plan); and (v) Provide spill cleanup measures and equipment at each construction site and require contractors to conduct training in emergency spill response procedures.

d) Water Quality

Construction wastewater will be produced from the maintenance and cleaning of mechanical equipment and vehicles, water from mixing and curing concrete, inappropriate storage and handling of fuel, accidental spills, wash-down water for machinery and vehicles, and disposal of domestic wastewater from construction camps. The project will use commercial concrete; it is estimated that 0.5 m3 wastewater containing 5,000 mg/L suspended solids (SS) will be produced each time a batch of concrete is prepared. In contrast, vehicle and machinery washing wastewater contain 500-1,000 mg/L SS. Approximately 710 workers will be employed over the two years of the construction phase, and which will generate wastewater. It is not possible to estimate the on-site wastewater volumes over this time, as worker numbers will vary between years and sites, and some workers will be local residents and will not reside on-site. Portable latrines and sewage management facilities are included in the project EMP. Estimated pollutant concentrations at construction camps is in Table VI-4.

Table VI-4. Pollutant concentrations of municipal wastewater from construction camps Indicator BOD5 CODcr SS NH3-N Range (mg/L) 200-250 300-400 200 30-40

To avoid or minimize impacts on water resources from wastewater generation and risks from chemical handling, the following mitigation measures defined in the EMP will be incorporated in the bid documents and construction contracts.

(i) Unauthorized discharge of wastewater will be prohibited within the project sites. (ii) Wastewater will be treated in grid and settling tanks before discharge into sewers. (iii) Septic tanks and mobile toilets will be installed in the project sites, and the wastewater from work camps and canteens will be pre-treated with grid and settling tanks before discharge to the municipal sewer in compliance with national standards. (iv) Each contractor will be required to develop contingency plans for control of oil and other dangerous substances (i.e. spill management plan). Chemicals will be stored away from watercourses and retention areas will be provided to contain accidental

spills of such toxic and harmful construction materials as caustic and acidic substances, oil and petroleum products; Storage facilities for fuels, oil, and other hazardous materials will be placed within secured areas on impermeable surfaces, and provide bunds and cleanup installations. (v) Each contractor will develop and implement an emergency response plan and train the workers on safe and diligent handling of chemicals to avoid accidental spills and on emergency response when a spill would occur. All areas where construction equipment is being washed will be equipped with water collection basins and sediment traps.

e) Solid waste

Solid waste will result from labor camps and demolition waste of construction sites. Inadequate disposal and management of solid waste could have adverse impacts on the soil, water and health of laborers and the community. Waste streams will include different types of waste such as (i) inert construction waste (soil, debris, concrete), (ii) municipal solid waste (workers’ food and packaging wastes from consumables), and (iii) hazardous wastes (fuel containers, oil filters, oily rags). It is estimated that each worker will generate 1 kg municipal solid waste per day on average. Potential impacts arising from solid waste production and disposal will be mitigated through the following activities defined in the EMP and which will be incorporated in the bid documents and construction contracts.

(i) Storage and containment: Provide appropriate waste storage containers for worker‘s construction and hazardous wastes; Install confined storage points of solid wastes away from sensitive receptors, regularly haul to an approved disposal facility. (ii) Transport and disposal: The city sanitation department will remove all wastes from sites; hold contractors responsible for proper removal and disposal of any significant residual materials, wastes and contaminated soils that remain on the ground after construction. (iii) Management: Prohibit burning of waste; multi-compartment collection bins will be installed to facilitate reuse, recycle of solid wastes.

f) Vibration

Vibration impacts are expected during construction of road, pipeline trenches including from pilling, pipeline trench compaction, and stone crushing. Mechanical vibration may be sudden and discontinuous, which can cause stress among workers and communities. To address these issues: (i) piling and compaction operations will be prohibited at night; (ii) communities will be consulted prior to large earthworks to ensure they are informed, and, to avoid sensitive timing e.g. exams at nearby schools or festivals.

3.2 Impacts on Ecological resources

Ecological and/or hydrological impacts resulting from construction could specifically cause: (i) disturbance to migratory and/or nesting waterbird communities, including storks, ducks and geese; (ii) damage to aquatic habitats, fish, and aquatic. Most of these risks are associated with project works in the upper section of the Qihe River, due to the degraded nature and low ecological values of the middle and lower sections.

The project will not result in the loss of any natural wetland habitats. The amount of forest and shrub vegetation will increase due to the project revegetation activities. Totally 3.26 million seedlings of vegetation will be planted including: (i) At Fu Mountain ecological reserve, 77.61 ha of abandoned agricultural land will be converted to forest land (ii) In the Panshitou Reservoir Area, 128.5 ha of barren hills, slopes, and abandoned village house area will be revegetated; (iii) In the south bank of Qihe River, 27.7 ha of wetland habitat will be created and rehabilitated, and 42.50ha of wetland park will be constructed, and mix plantation of

vegetation (arbor, shrub, grass and aquatic plants) will be planted to replace monoculture of fast-grow poplars in the project area.

The following mitigation measures are defined in the EMP to minimize negative impacts on flora and fauna during construction.

(i) Protect existing vegetation found nearby construction sites. (ii) Properly backfill, compact and re-vegetate pipeline trenches after pipeline installation. (iii) Native plant species of local provenance will be used for replanting and site rehabilitation. (iv) Take special precautions during construction for the protection of fauna, i.e., protect sites where small animals, reptiles, and birds of common species live, such as trees, along the river banks. (v) The construction supervision companies (CSCs) and the environmental officer of the PMO will regularly inspect construction sites to ensure that habitats are well demarcated prior to any workers, and, that workers are fully informed of “no-go” areas. (vi) Increase awareness of construction workers on the need to protect the environment, wildlife and vegetation around the construction sites. Construction site staff employed to work within the pilot NWP will be given basic awareness training by the PMO and/or PIU Environment Officers and LIEC on the importance of the area for plants and wildlife, including: (i) description of key habitats and species; and (ii) background on the establishment of the wetland park. (vii) Inform workers that hunting or catching of wild animals, littering, and using the park habitats as a public toilet is strictly prohibited. (viii) In the event that any injured animals are found during construction, these will be immediately reported to the PMO Environment Officer. Injured animals will be left undisturbed by workers. The PMO Environment Officer and Hebi City Forestry Bureau will identify the species and make a decision on whether to take it into captivity or leave it where it is. Unless it is a rare or threatened species and captive facilities are available, it is better to leave the animal where it is, undisturbed, in case it may recover naturally.

Overall these impacts are considered to be low, and manageable, due to the temporary and small-scale extent of the works. Ecological impacts resulting from other project components and in the middle and lower sections of the Qihe River are expected to be low or negligible due to the degraded and polluted nature of these lower river sections.

3.3 Social-economic Impacts and Mitigation

Livelihood impacts through environmental media. Adverse impacts to livelihoods in the project area through environmental media might be caused by reduction or changes in flow allocations or regime in the Qihe River, or restrictions on livelihoods. The project does not involve such activities. Benefits for livelihoods will be achieved by improved flood protection by revegetation, which will reduce the risk of flooding of agricultural lands along the lower Qihe River.

a) Land acquisition

Qibin environment improvement subproject is located in the Dalaidian Town area where will be converted from rural area to urban area according to Qibin District Development Plan. All rural houses will be demolished. Land acquisition and resettlement for the whole area (including land for the subproject construction) is being undertaken by the Qibin District Government and Dalaidian Town government. Therefore, cost for land acquisition is not included in the subproject cost. The subproject encompasses 4 villages in Dalaidian Town and Juqiao township. The total land occupied by the subproject is 1031.7 mu, including 967.5 mu of collective land and 64.2 mu of state-owned agricultural land. The subproject needs to

demolish 33,713 m2 of residential houses and 5,674 m2 non-residential houses on the collective land, affecting a total of 1,001 households and 4,423 people. The project will temporarily occupy 178 mu of collective land, which is mainly caused by the laying of pipe network.

The Qihe River wetland restoration subproject encompasses 8 villages in 2 townships (Miaokou Town, and Gaocun Town) of Qi County. Permanent and temporary land leasing of collective-owned and/or state-owned land is required. No land acquisition is needed. No rural houses will need to be demolished except those abandoned houses in Gongjiazhuang village which has been resettled for protecting water quality of Qihe River. A total of 421 households and 1,915 persons will be permanently and/or temporarily affected. These issues will be described in the project updated Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan (LARP), which will include resolutions agreed with the affected people.

b) Occupational health and safety

The construction industry involves potentially hazardous operations and materials. Intensive use of heavy construction machinery, tools, and materials poses risk of physical hazards such as noise and vibration, dust, handling heavy materials and equipment, falling objects, work on slippery surfaces, fire hazards, chemical hazards such as toxic fumes and vapors. The civil works contractors will implement adequate precautions to protect the health and safety of construction workers. Occupational health and safety risks will be managed by avoiding, controlling, and minimizing hazards, and providing adequate protective equipment and practices. Each contractor will appoint an Onsite Environment Engineer (OEE) to supervise the Environmental, Health, and Safety Management Plan, and implement an Environmental Health and Safety Management Plan (EHSMP) prepared on the basis of the project EMP. This will be submitted to the PMO, IA and HEPB for review. The EHSMP will include the following provisions.

(i) Clean water. Provide a clean and sufficient supply of fresh water, for construction and for all camps, offices and workshops. (ii) Sewage and wastewater. Provide adequate number of latrines and other sanitary arrangements at the site and work areas and ensure that they are cleaned and maintained in a hygienic state. (iii) Solid waste. Install garbage receptacles at construction site and camps, which will be periodically cleared to prevent outbreak of diseases. (iv) Personal protection. Provide personal protection equipment (PPE), such as safety boots, helmets, gloves, protective clothing, goggles, and ear protection, in accordance with relevant health and safety regulations, for workers. (v) Emergency Preparedness and Response. An emergency response plan to take actions on accidents and emergencies, including environmental and public health emergencies associated with hazardous material spills and similar events will be prepared. Emergency phone link with hospitals will be established. A fully equipped first-aid base in each construction camp will be organized. (vi) Records Management. A Records Management System that will store and maintain easily retrievable records protected against loss or damage should be established. It will include documenting and reporting occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents. The records will be reviewed during compliance monitoring and audits. (vii) Safety communication. Ensure that safety, rescue and industrial health matters are given a high degree of publicity to all persons regularly or occasionally on the sites. Posters rowing attention to site safety, rescue and industrial health regulations will be made or obtained from the appropriate sources and will be displayed prominently in relevant areas of the sites. (viii) Training, awareness and competence. Train all construction workers in basic sanitation and health care issues, general health and safety matters, and on the

specific hazards of their work. Implement HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases awareness and prevention program to target the local community and construction workers.

During construction of construction of new Panshitou works, special additional safety measures will be implemented including:

(i) Reconstruction of the hoist rooms at the top of the spill way should be at dry season; (ii) Construction safety should be inspected by the CSCs on a daily basis following the Standard for Construction Safety Inspection (JGJ59-2011). The standard is applicable to the construction site of construction projects in China, including 22 articles and 169 safety inspection contents in 18 checklists. Main items for inspection and assessment are shown in following Box. For each item, technical specifications are defined in the standard.

BOX: ITEMS of INSPECTION and ASSESSMENT • Safety management (safety production responsibility system, objective management, construction organization. safety technical disclosure of divisional (sub divisional) works, emergency rescue, safety inspection, safety education, safety signs and etc.) • Civilized Construction [Site closure, closure management, construction site, material management, on site office and accommodation, on-site fire prevention. comprehensive treatment, public signs, living facilities and community services. Technical specifications will be applied including: Technical Code for Fire Safety of construction Site (Gb50720); Environmental and Health Standards for Construction Site (JGJ146) and Technical Code for Temporary Buildings on Construction Site (JGJ / T188)] • Steel Tue Scaffold with Couplers (Technical Code for Safety of Steel Scaffold with Couplers in Construction JGJ130) • Door-type Steel Tube Scaffold (Safety Technology of Steel Tube Scaffolding in Building Construction JGJ128) • Cuplock Steel Tube Scaffold • Disk Lock Steel Tube Scaffold • Full Scaffold • Cantilevered Scaffold • Attached Raise Scaffold • Nacelles for Aloft Work • Foundation Pit Engineering • Formwork Supports • Aloft Work • Power for Construction • Building Materials Hoister • Construction Hoister • Tower Crane • Lifting and Hoisting • Construction Machines and Tools

c) Community health and safety

Traffic congestion may worsen as construction traffic in urban areas increases during rush hours; roads and intersections may be partially closed during construction, causing temporary inconvenience to traffic, residents, commercial operations, and institutions.

Construction sites will be partly located close to residential and commercial urban areas, presenting a threat to public health and safety. The Project may also contribute to road accidents through the use of heavy machinery on existing roads, temporarily blocking pavements for pedestrians etc. The potential impacts on community health and safety will be mitigated through a number of activities defined in the EMP and the contractors will implement the following measures:

(i) Traffic management. A traffic control and operation plan will be prepared with the local traffic management authority prior to any construction. The plan shall include provisions for diverting or scheduling construction traffic to avoid morning and afternoon peak traffic hours, regulating traffic at road crossings with an emphasis on ensuring public safety through clear signs, controls and planning in advance. (ii) Underground facilities survey and protection. Construction activities will be planned so as to minimize disturbance to utility services. Three-dimensional detection of underground facilities will be conducted before construction where appropriate; (iii) Information disclosure. Residents and businesses will be informed in advance of the construction activities and dates and duration of expected disruption. (iv) Construction sites. Clear signs will be placed at construction sites in view of the public, warning people of potential dangers such as moving vehicles, hazardous materials, and excavations, and raising awareness on safety issues. Heavy machinery will not be used after day light. All such equipment will be returned to overnight storage areas before night. All construction sites will be made secure, discouraging access by members of the public through appropriate fencing whenever appropriate.

Other social issues. No other significant social risks are anticipated as a result of the project. Construction workers will be engaged locally to the possible maximum. Prevention and control of transmissible diseases and HIV/AIDS, and community disturbance training and sensitization will be provided to the contractor crews, as ensured in the loan assurances and will be monitored in the social action plans. Civil works contracts will stipulate priorities to: (i) employ local people for works; (ii) ensure equal opportunities for women and men; (iii) pay equal wages for work of equal value; and (iv) not employ child or forced labor.

Utilities provision interruption. Construction may require relocation of municipal utilities such as power, water, communication cables. Temporary suspension of services (planned or accidental) may affect the economy, industries, businesses and daily life of residents. Potential impacts on utilities will be mitigated through the following measures, which are included in the EMP and will be incorporated in the bid documents and construction contracts: (i) contractors will assess construction locations in advance to identify potential disruption to services and risks before starting construction; and (ii) if temporary disruption is unavoidable the contractor will, in collaboration with relevant local authorities (e.g. power, water, communications), develop a plan to minimize the disruption and communicate the dates and duration in advance to all affected people.

Physical cultural resources. No cultural heritage or archaeological sites are known from the project areas. However, construction activities have the potential to disturb unknown underground cultural relics. The EMP mitigation measures include immediate suspension of construction activities if any archaeological or other cultural relics are encountered, in accordance with the PRC Cultural Relics Protection Law 2002. The Hebi Cultural Heritage Bureau, PMO, and implementing agency will be promptly notified. Construction will resume only after investigation and with the permission of the appropriate authority. The clause for protection of unknown underground cultural relics will be included in construction contracts.

Operational Phase

4.1 Qibin District Urban Environmental Management Subproject

a) Air quality

The main air pollution sources during the road operation period are the vehicle emission and the dust generated by the vehicle driving. Due to the improvement of the road surface, the dust generated by the vehicle will be reduced. However, with the increase of traffic, the vehicle emission will be increased. Major pollutants from vehicle emissions include carbon monoxide (CO) and NO2. Baseline monitoring indicates that the average concentrations of NO2 in Hebi City met Grade II of the PRC Ambient Air Quality Standard of GB3096-2012 (see the baseline data in Chapter IV of this Addendum IEE).

Mitigating air pollution. The control of vehicle emissions on the project roads is closely related with the policies and measures for emission control of Henan province and the PRC state. Therefore, the vehicle emission control measures on the transport infrastructure of the Hebi City should be considered in the context of provincial and national policies and measures for vehicle emission control. In 2013, the PRC has promulgated and implemented the “Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions of Pollutants from Light-duty Vehicles (VI)” (GB 18352.5-2013). This standard became effective since 1 January 2018 will be replace by “Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions of Pollutants from Light-duty Vehicles (VI)” (GB 18352.3-2016 which will become effective on 1 July 2020. At present, the Hebi City is conducting on-road inspection and annual examination of vehicle exhaust pollutants for each vehicle. As a result of these inspections, non-complying vehicles, both private and public, can be refused registration for road use, until they meet the standard. The local EPB and the local traffic management bureau are in charge of implementing all the policies and measures for vehicle emission control formulated by the state and provincial authorities, and take the corresponding measures to control the exhaust pollutants emission of vehicles running on the proposed roads.

b) Noise

The noise prediction during operation from new roads has adopted the highway noise prediction model as recommended in Appendix A.2 of PRC HJ2.4-2009 Technical Guidelines for Assessment of Environmental Impact - Acoustical Environment. It does not consider ground attenuation effect, vegetation and building attenuation effects.

The noise prediction was carried out for the near-term period (2022), the intermediate period (2032) and the long-term period (2037) of the project Operation. Traffic noise prediction values for the proposed roads at different distances, as well as standard achieving distances within different term, are showed in Table VI-5.

Table VI-5 Traffic Noise Prediction Leq(dBA) in Qibin District Distance to edge of red-lines (m) Distance(m)* Road Year Time 10 20 40 80 120 160 200 Class 2 Class 4a Tianlai 2022 day 58.86 57.33 55.05 51.83 49.47 47.26 45.40 1 0 night 55.86 54.32 52.04 48.83 46.46 44.25 42.39 64 12 2032 day 60.62 59.09 56.80 53.59 51.23 49.01 47.15 12 0 night 57.62 56.09 53.80 50.59 48.22 46.01 44.15 92 26 2037 day 62.36 60.83 58.55 55.34 52.97 50.76 48.90 24 0 night 59.38 57.85 55.56 52.35 49.98 47.77 45.91 119 46 Huaxi 2022 day 58.56 57.03 54.75 51.53 49.17 46.96 45.10 0 0 night 55.56 54.02 51.74 48.53 46.16 43.95 42.09 82 1 2032 day 60.32 58.79 56.50 53.29 50.93 48.71 46.85 1 1

Distance to edge of red-lines (m) Distance(m)* Road Year Time 10 20 40 80 120 160 200 Class 2 Class 4a night 57.32 55.79 53.50 50.29 47.92 45.71 43.85 89 22 2037 day 62.06 60.53 58.25 55.04 52.67 50.46 48.60 11 0 night 59.08 57.55 55.26 52.05 49.68 47.47 45.61 111 48 Huanghe 2022 day 58.26 56.73 54.45 51.23 48.87 46.66 44.80 0 0 night 55.26 53.72 51.44 48.23 45.86 43.65 41.79 82 1 2032 day 60.02 58.49 56.20 52.99 50.63 48.41 46.55 1 1 night 57.02 55.49 53.20 49.99 47.62 45.41 43.55 78 22 2037 day 61.76 60.23 57.95 54.74 52.37 50.16 48.30 11 0 night 58.78 57.25 54.96 51.75 49.38 47.17 45.31 110 38 Yaoshan 2022 day 57.96 56.43 54.15 50.93 48.57 46.36 44.50 0 0 night 54.96 53.42 51.14 47.93 45.56 43.35 41.49 73 1 2032 day 59.72 58.19 55.90 52.69 50.33 48.11 46.25 1 1 night 56.72 55.19 52.90 49.69 47.32 45.11 43.25 78 22 2037 day 61.46 59.93 57.65 54.44 52.07 49.86 48.00 11 0 night 58.48 56.95 54.66 51.45 49.08 46.87 45.01 111 38 Yongtong 2021 day 57.66 56.13 53.85 50.63 48.27 46.06 44.20 0 0 night 54.66 53.12 50.84 47.63 45.26 43.05 41.19 62 1 2027 day 59.42 57.89 55.60 52.39 50.03 47.81 45.95 1 1 night 56.42 54.89 52.60 49.39 47.02 44.81 42.95 69 18 2035 day 61.16 59.63 57.35 54.14 51.77 49.56 47.70 11 0 night 58.18 56.65 54.36 51.15 48.78 46.57 44.71 101 28 Jiuzhou 2022 day 57.36 55.83 53.55 50.33 47.97 45.76 43.90 0 0 night 54.36 52.82 50.54 47.33 44.96 42.75 40.89 58 1 2032 day 59.12 57.59 55.30 52.09 49.73 47.51 45.65 1 1 night 56.12 54.59 52.30 49.09 46.72 44.51 42.65 68 17 2037 day 60.86 59.33 57.05 53.84 51.47 49.26 47.40 11 0 night 57.88 56.35 54.06 50.85 48.48 46.27 44.41 98 26 Wuyi 2022 day 57.06 55.53 53.25 50.03 47.67 45.46 43.60 0 0 night 54.06 52.52 50.24 47.03 44.66 42.45 40.59 56 1 2032 day 58.82 57.29 55.00 51.79 49.43 47.21 45.35 1 1 night 55.82 54.29 52.00 48.79 46.42 44.21 42.35 65 22 2037 day 60.56 59.03 56.75 53.54 51.17 48.96 47.10 11 0 night 57.58 56.05 53.76 50.55 48.18 45.97 44.11 95 48 Jiujiang 2022 day 56.76 55.23 52.95 49.73 47.37 45.16 43.30 0 0 night 53.76 52.22 49.94 46.73 44.36 42.15 40.29 38 1 2032 day 58.52 56.99 54.70 51.49 49.13 46.91 45.05 1 1 night 55.52 53.99 51.70 48.49 46.12 43.91 42.05 68 13 2037 day 60.26 58.73 56.45 53.24 50.87 48.66 46.80 11 0 night 57.28 55.75 53.46 50.25 47.88 45.67 43.81 89 35 Tongbai 2022 day 56.46 54.93 52.65 49.43 47.07 44.86 43.00 0 0 night 53.46 51.92 49.64 46.43 44.06 41.85 39.99 33 1 2032 day 58.22 56.69 54.40 51.19 48.83 46.61 44.75 1 1 night 55.22 53.69 51.40 48.19 45.82 43.61 41.75 58 11 2037 day 59.96 58.43 56.15 52.94 50.57 48.36 46.50 9 0 night 56.98 55.45 53.16 49.95 47.58 45.37 43.51 75 30 Qinling 2022 day 56.16 54.63 52.35 49.13 46.77 44.56 42.70 0 0 night 53.16 51.62 49.34 46.13 43.76 41.55 39.69 30 1

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Distance to edge of red-lines (m) Distance(m)* Road Year Time 10 20 40 80 120 160 200 Class 2 Class 4a 2032 day 57.92 56.39 54.10 50.89 48.53 46.31 44.45 1 1 night 54.92 53.39 51.10 47.89 45.52 43.31 41.45 53 9 2037 day 59.66 58.13 55.85 52.64 50.27 48.06 46.20 8 0 night 56.68 55.15 52.86 49.65 47.28 45.07 43.21 73 28 Sanxia 2022 day 55.86 54.33 52.05 48.83 46.47 44.26 42.40 0 0 night 52.86 51.32 49.04 45.83 43.46 41.25 39.39 26 1 2032 day 57.62 56.09 53.80 50.59 48.23 46.01 44.15 1 1 night 54.62 53.09 50.80 47.59 45.22 43.01 41.15 49 8 2037 day 59.36 57.83 55.55 52.34 49.97 47.76 45.90 7 0 night 56.38 54.85 52.56 49.35 46.98 44.77 42.91 68 18 Xiushui 2022 day 55.56 54.03 51.75 48.53 46.17 43.96 42.10 0 0 night 52.56 51.02 48.74 45.53 43.16 40.95 39.09 23 1 2032 day 57.32 55.79 53.50 50.29 47.93 45.71 43.85 1 1 night 54.32 52.79 50.50 47.29 44.92 42.71 40.85 45 7 2037 day 59.06 57.53 55.25 52.04 49.67 47.46 45.60 6 0 night 56.08 54.55 52.26 49.05 46.68 44.47 42.61 65 15 Huaihe 2022 day 55.26 53.73 51.45 48.23 45.87 43.66 41.80 0 0 night 52.26 50.72 48.44 45.23 42.86 40.65 38.79 21 1 2032 day 57.02 55.49 53.20 49.99 47.63 45.41 43.55 1 1 night 54.02 52.49 50.20 46.99 44.62 42.41 40.55 43 5 2037 day 58.76 57.23 54.95 51.74 49.37 47.16 45.30 4 0 night 55.78 54.25 51.96 48.75 46.38 44.17 42.31 62 13 Note: * means at the distance noise level can meet Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB3096-2008) Green = meet class 2 (60dBA for daytime and 50dBA for night time) ; Blue = meet class 4a (70dBA for daytime and 55 dBA for night time) ; Red = exceed class 4a.

The predicted noise levels indicate that when considering the distance attenuation alone (without considering noise reduction function of first row buildings), (i) the noise impact distance on the main roads is farther than that on branch roads; (ii) the noise level will meet Class 4a standard during daytime and night time beyond 20 m of road side during the short term (2022).

Noise levels at the sensitive spots during operation. According to the noise prediction in the domestic EIA report, all sensitive spot will exceed the Class II standard in short term (2022), especially at night time, predicted value exceed standard by by 3.20 dB(A) to 6.55 dB(A). In the long term, the night time exceeding values will reach 6.66 dB(A) to 9.92 dB(A). Noise-attenuation measures will include planting of trees with big canopies along the roadside and noise insulation windows. Monitoring will confirm compliance with relevant standards.

Table VI-6 Predicted Noise at Sensitive Points Unit: Leq[dB(A)] Short-term(2022) Mid-term(2032) Long-term(2037) Distance Sensitive Value of Time Value Value Value from edge of Predicted Predicted Predicted receptor Standard period exceed exceed exceed red-line (m) value value value standard standard standard 60 Day 59.18 Meet 61.11 1.11 62.01 2.01 Lutun village 2 50 Night 55.82 5.82 57.36 7.36 59.20 9.20 Dongchentou 60 Day 60.07 0.07 61.63 1.63 63.20 3.20 2 village 50 Night 56.55 6.55 58.30 8.30 59.92 9.92

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Beimengzhuang 60 Day 59.28 Meet 61.18 1.18 62.06 2.06 2 village 50 Night 55.79 5.79 57.23 7.23 59.14 9.14 60 Day 58.93 Meet 58.84 Meet 59.43 Meet Juqiao village 150 50 Night 53.20 3.20 54.62 4.62 56.66 6.66 60 Day 57.06 Meet 58.24 Meet 59.43 Meet Fuhuijiayuan 163 50 Night 53.20 3.20 54.62 4.62 56.66 6.66 Source: EIA report.

According to the master plan of Dalaidian Town, the project area will be urbanized with function of modern commercial logistics, comprehensive service of agricultural Industrial park, elderly care and rehabilitation base, residential area. For the residential area planned along the roads, it is recommended that the commercial buildings or entertainment rooms which are not sensitive to noise to be arranged in the first row adjacent road. And the following noise attenuation and protection measures will be implemented during the operation stage:

(i) Low-noise pavement materials shall be used for road maintenance when possible, particularly on the road section nearby the environmentally sensitive sites; (ii) No-honking signs will be set up at school, hospital and dense residential; (iii) New schools, hospitals, and residential buildings will not be built in the first row close to the roads; (iv) Noise monitoring will be undertaken at the locations and frequencies indicated in the EMP; (v) Ambient noise monitoring will be mandated to determine whether mitigation measures such as noise barriers or noise insulation windows will be required for sites where noise levels are expected to exceed by more than 3 dB(A); (vi) Trees and shrubs will be planted as soon as possible along the proposed roadsides after construction; as far as possible, native species of local provenance (i.e. seedlings from the local area, not imported from elsewhere) will be used.

c) Water Pollution

Storm-water runoff. Precipitation that flows over the ground can entrain debris, organic compounds, petroleum, chemicals, sediments and other pollutants. If prevented by impervious surfaces like asphalt pavements and sidewalks from naturally permeating into the ground, it can transport these pollutants into drainage and sewer systems, tributaries, and directly into rivers, contributing to water pollution. Storm-water runoff will discharge into a roadside drainage system and then flow into channels and rivers.

Since water-permeable sidewalk bricks will be applied and a considerable area of the urban green space and trees will be planted within proposed project interventions, the environmental impact from runoff pollution will be significantly reduced. In addition, the following mitigation measures are defined:

(i) Routinely collecting and properly disposing litter and debris from sidewalks, driveways, and parking lots; (ii) Installation of litter traps along waterways (small floating mesh traps attached to one bank) and regular emptying of these; (iii) Cleaning the roadside catch basins before the wet season to avoid surface water pollution by storm water runoff flushing debris and silt; (iv) Placing garbage bins and containers along the road network; and (v) Prohibiting the construction of car washing and gas stations near rivers and drainage channels.

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Wastewater. The project will construct 27.33 km of wastewater sewers along the project roads. The sewers will serve the residential and commercial zones in Dalaidian Town, Qibin District of Hebi City The sewer systems are expected to collect 6,600 m3/d of domestic wastewater for the Dalaidian Town.

d) Due Diligence for Associated WWTP

The proposed sewer network will transport wastewater to the planed Juqiao south WWTP with capacity of 50,000m3/d. It will be constructed using domestic fund by two phases. The treatment capacity of Phase I will be 25,000 t/d. The WWTP will adopt A2O biochemical treatment process and Class 1a of PRC Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002) will be applied. The EIA for the project was prepared in April and approved in June 2017. Construction of the WWTP was initiated in August 2017 and the major works has been completed. The remaining works include construction of associated sewer pipelines connected to the WWTP, installation of facilities such as power supply, on-line monitoring and etc. The WWTP will be completed ahead of the proposed sewer network. The design parameters of the WWTP are listed in Table VI-7

Table VI-7 Design Parameters for Associated Juqiao South WWTP Parameter Influent Effluent Class 1-A Standard. GB18918-200249* CODcr 450mg/l ≤50 mg/l ≤50 mg/l BOD5 220mg/l ≤10 mg/l ≤10 mg/l SS 244mg/l ≤10 mg/l ≤10 mg/l TN 35mg/l ≤15 mg/l ≤15 mg/l NH3-N 40mg/l ≤5 mg/l ≤5 mg/l TP 3mg/l ≤0.5 mg/l ≤0.5 mg/l 7.6 6-9 Note: *PRC “Pollutants Discharge Standard from Municipal Wastewater Treatment”

Overall, the proposed sewer networks and the associated WWTP’ impact on surface water quality are anticipated to be low to moderate if all mitigation measures are implemented. Regular compliance monitoring by the Hebi EPB during operation will assess possible unanticipated impacts of the project on water quality, and additional mitigation measures and corrective actions will be defined if necessary.

e) Water Resources

The Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve restoration component comprises 160 ha of afforestation. The irrigation water use refers to the water quota for ecological protection forest in the arid and water deficient region in China, which is 1200 m3/ha (P=50%). The estimated water use for irrigation is 192,000m3 every time, and the trees need to be irrigated 4-5 times at intervals before survival. Totally 960,000m3 of water is needed for irrigation.

Irrigation water for Fu Mountain forest will come from Qihe River. Hydrological data show that during dry season from January to May, the water flow with a 5-year return period (P = 20%) is 5.9m3/s. The daily water flow of the river section near Fushan is 509,800 m3. It can guarantee the irrigation water use Fu Mountain forest with insignificant impact on other water users. Moreover, In the case of extreme drought, if irrigation or ecological water is needed, the water can be regulated by the upstream Panshitou reservoir. Panshitou Reservoir Management Bureau expressed that the water source for irrigation Fu Mountain forest can be guaranteed completely due to the consumption for afforestation is small.

f) Health and Safety

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Road safety. Concerns over the community safety of the proposed roads have been thoroughly examined during the FSR preparation. The issue of road design features that could enhance the safety of roads was raised in consultative meetings involving local residents and relevant government divisions. All roads have pedestrian lanes or paths. All major roads have separate lanes for non-motorized traffic. Pedestrian-priority traffic lights, safety islands, crosswalks (zebra lines), and boarding bays/islands will be established at all intersections. Road maintenance vehicles will be equipped with warning lights, and staff will wear safety hats and reflective garments and undergo safety training.

Hazardous goods haulage. The haulage of hazardous goods on the new road raises the possibility of destructive pollution to water and surroundings caused by traffic accidents, especially when hazardous goods are transported across environmental sensitive spots during the operation period. Hazardous goods for road transport in the project’s areas of influence include petrol, chemical fertilizer and farm chemicals. Although the risk is considered small, it is possible that there may be an increased risk of hazardous material spills due to increased traffic volume and provision of stronger road surfaces, inviting large trucks to use the road. In order to further reduce the risk of pollution by spillage of dangerous goods, an emergency preparedness and response mechanism will be developed and implemented. Methods to mitigate this risk include:

(i) Ensure that all trucks carrying hazardous materials are marked according to PRC norms; (ii) Enforce traffic controls, and set speed limits for trucks carrying hazardous material; and (iii) Assist Qibin district authorities to prepare a rapid spill response and clean up protocol so hat in the event of a spill the appropriate people and equipment are quickly notified and action can be taken.

Applicable PRC standards and regulations related to hazardous goods transportation on roads include Standard for Hazardous Substances and Major Hazard Installations Discrimination (GBl8218-2000), Classification of Health Hazard Levels from Occupational Exposure to Toxic Substances (GB50844-85), and Rules of Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Automobile (JT 3130-88). These include hazardous goods transport vehicles and equipment, packaging and logos, consignment and documentation, consignment acceptance and hand-over, transport, loading and unloading, storage and fire control, labor protection and medical emergency treatment, as well as supervision and management, etc. The Hebi municipal government provided assurance to ADB that above national standards will be strictly complied with.

For the restored habitats and planted vegetation, maintenance including pruning, weeding and replacement of dead or dying trees and shrubs will be undertaken by the Qi County Forestry Bureaus. Pesticide use will be avoided along the river and in the wetlands. If severe or unexpected pest infestations occur, only low toxicity pesticide will be applied. Overall management of the project facilities and NWP in general will be guided by the management agency and plan to be established under the project, and which will include training in wetland management for HCG agencies and community river guards.

4.2 Qihe River Ecological Wetland Reserve Rehabilitation Subproject

165. The project may result in larger numbers of visitors to the pilot NWP, which will increase overall human activity in the park. The internal zoning of the park is clearly mapped and defined, and core zones of the park will be maintained for minimum human disturbance. For the restored habitats and planted vegetation, maintenance including pruning, weeding and replacement of dead or dying trees and shrubs will be undertaken by the Qibin County and Qi District Forestry Bureaus. Pesticide use will be avoided along the river and in the wetlands. If

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severe or unexpected pest infestations occur, only low toxicity pesticide will be applied. Overall management of the project facilities and NWP in general will be guided by the management agency and plan to be established under the project, and which will include training in wetland management for HCG agencies and community river guards.

C. Potential Indirect, Induced, and Cumulative Impacts

Increased visitor numbers to the NWP may cause increased disturbance to fauna and/or inadvertent damage to flora. This risk is minimized by: (i) the inclusion of signs and fencing by the project; (ii) well defined internal zoning, which allocates specific areas for human access, recreation, and conservation; (iii) the visitor center to be constructed (under a separate government project) will include leaflets and signage for visitors; and (iv) the river conservation guards currently employed to help supervise visitor access will continue.

D. Climate Risk Vulnerability Assessment

Historical trends. To review historical climate trends, daily mean temperature and precipitation data from 1994 to 2014 at two stations in Hebi city were provided by Hebi Meteorological Bureau. Only rain season (June to September, JJAS) was analyzed, because in this region, extreme climate events such as floods and high temperatures mainly occur during this season. The other reason was that most annual rainfall occurs in this season due to the dominant influence of summer monsoon. Historical trends for JJAS mean temperature and precipitation trends were calculated using linear regression method based on data from 1994 to 2014. Figure VI-1 shows the temperature and precipitation at the two stations in Hebi City. There is increasing temperature trend observed in Qi County. JJAS precipitation shows a slight negative tendency at both stations.

Figure VI-1Historical trends in temperature and precipitation in Hebi City

Projected climate change. The statistical downscaling method was applied to downscale the IPCC AR5 global climate change simulations (HadGEM2-ES) under RCP4.5 (median) and RCP8.5 (extreme) scenarios to project future daily temperature and precipitation at two stations in Hebi stations. Three time scales, 2020-2039, 2050-2069 and 2080-2099, were analyzed. The projected climate change trends are summarized as follows.

Compared with historical trends, there is a shift toward larger values of rainfall under the two scenarios. However, the amplitudes of the changes vary with scenario and station. The increase is the most significant during 2080-2099 under RCP8.5. There is an obvious rising trends in rainfall amount totals under two scenarios, especially the greatest increase appears during 2080-2099 under the RCP8.5. For rainy days, there is a weaker increase under RCP4.5 than under RCP8.5. For heavy rain events (precipitation >50mm), there is a slight increase during the two periods 2020-2039 and 2080-2099 and decrease during the period of 2050-2069 under RCP4.5, whereas there is an obvious increase under RCP8.5.

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The very heavy rain events (precipitation >100 mm) increases at Qixian during 2020- 2039 and 2080-2099 under RCP4.5, but obviously increases during 2080-2099 under RCP8.5.. Changes of JJAS mean temperature in Hebi shows a considerable increase under two scenarios. Especially, there is a more significantly increasing trend at two stations in Hebi under RCP8.5, compared with RCP4.5.

Adaptation. Potential climate risks and impacts and project adaptation measures are given in Table VI-8.

Table VI-8 Potential impacts of climate change and project adaptation measures Activity Potential Impacts Adaption/Resilience Re-vegetation of Increased flood events Regular watering during extreme drought events south bank of damage planted Planting undertaken in spring to maximize survival rates Qihe River, barren vegetation and cause Native plant species selected for adaptation to the dry hills within and soil erosion and shallow, rocky soils around Panshitou Increased drought and Reservoir, Fu heat waves affect plant Mountain survival Ecological Reserve.

Qihe Wetland Increased drought and Planting undertaken in spring to maximize survival rates Rehabilitation heat waves reduce Native plant species selected for adaptation to seasonal wetlands and cause die- flood/drought wetland conditions off of plants Floods damage the park infrastructure–banks, roads, building, signs, fencing Qibin district urban Floods increase the risk Separate storm water and sanitary drainage systems environmental of contaminate runoff Improve efficiency and capacity. management

Carbon sequestration, GHG emission reduction. The GHG emission reduction benefits of the project are derived primarily from three major interventions: (i) wetland restoration including conversion of farmland to wetland; (ii) landscaping and greening in south bank of Qihe River, Panshitou Reservoir barren hills and Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve; and (iii) promoting energy-efficient transport.

The proposed greening works in the project include barren hill greening in Panshitou Reserve area, revegetation at Fu Mountain ecological reserve, riverside tree planting, and wetland restoration. The project will involve in 416 ha of tree planting of which 208ha will be newly planted area including 125.8 ha of barren hills tree planting, 77.61 ha of farmland to forest land and 4.6 ha of road side tree planting. These will be the biggest carbon sink source of the project. The carbon sink capacity of these plantations is estimated using the calculation method of carbon sinks defined in IPCC Guidelines for National GHG Inventories (IPCC,

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2006).5 The annual increase in biomass carbon stocks due to tree-planting is estimated to be about 544 tonnes C yr-1. The annual increase in carbon stock is converted to units of CO2 emission by multiplying the carbon change by -44/12. The barren hill greening works will achieve about 1,995 tons CO2e of carbon sink per year. Moreover, the project will also involve in planting of riverside trees, aquatic plants, forest form renovation of Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve, green belt of road. These activities will also increase the carbon sink capacity which is hard to give precise estimation.

5 Annual increase in biomass carbon (C) stocks due to biomass growth is calculated by the following equation:

G where: =annual increase in biomass carbon stocks due to biomass growthC G W A=area of barren hill greening, here A=1330haC = A ∙ G ∙ 1 + R ∙ CF G C =average annual above-ground biomass growth, here =5.0 tonnes d. m. ha-1 yr-1 R=ratio of below-ground biomass to above-ground biomass, here R=0.39 tonne d. m. (tonne d. m.)-1 W W G CF=carbon faction of dry matter (d.m.), CF=0.47 tonne C (tonneG d. m.)-1 Here, , R and CF use the values of Asian temperature mountain system of forest plantations in Tables 4.3, 4.4 and 4.10 of IPCC (2006). GW

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VII. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

During FSR preparation stage, various alternatives for each component were proposed, screened, and compared against technical, economic, social, and environmental criteria. The primary objective with respect to environmental criteria was to identify and adopt options with the least adverse environmental impacts and maximum environmental benefits. The alternative analysis also included the no project alternative.

A. No project alternative

Qihe River wetland rehabilitation component. The Qihe River wetlands are faced with multiple pressures and threats from fast agriculture development, population growth and urbanization. The wetland park does currently not support research and monitoring. The wetland protection component includes rehabilitation of wetland habitats, and upstream barren hills planting, river side tree planting and Fu Mountain ecological reserve rehabilitation. The implementation of these activities represent an important contribution to rehabilitation of the Qihe River wetland.

Sewer network component. Without the subcomponents, large volumes of wastewater would be continuously discharged into surface water bodies, resulting in continued pollution of groundwater, surface water and soil, and deterioration of the wetland ecosystem.

Road component. The without-project scenario would result in continued shortages of reliable urban infrastructure including quality roads and sewers, lack of public transportation, bicycle and pedestrian facilities. The without-project alternative would weaken the city’s competitiveness and its attractiveness to outside investors and tourists, impede development and economic growth, as well as slow down the improvement of living standards for their residents.

B. Alternatives for Qibin District Urban Environmental Management

Road pavement alternatives. Two pavement materials for motor vehicle lanes and non-motor vehicle lanes were considered: asphalt concrete pavement and cement concrete pavement. Based on traffic forecasts and the requirements of urban roads, in addition to other requirements like skid resistance, tire/road noise, durability, rutting and crack resistance, local material supplies, and hydro-geological conditions, asphalt concrete pavement was selected. This pavement is cheaper and will make the maintenance of underground utilities easier than concrete pavement would. Asphalt concrete pavement is commonly used in Henan province and in most other cold-climate areas. The correct grade of asphalt pavement will be specified during detailed design to take into account the low temperatures in the Hebi City in winter.

Table VII-1 Comparison of Asphalt Concrete and Cement Concrete Pavement Item Asphalt Concrete Cement Concrete Pavement performance Low noise, low vibration, low High noise, high vibration, high dazzle dazzle Driving comfort High Low Traffic disturbance during Short time road closure Long time road closure maintenance Design life 15 years 30 years Maintenance Easy to maintain Difficult to maintain Load capacity Average High Investment CNY325/m2 CNY290/m2 Thermal stability Low High

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Sidewalk pavement alternatives. Two types of pavements were considered for the pedestrian sidewalks, including non-permeable sidewalk bricks and permeable sidewalk bricks. Water permeable sidewalk paving is a relatively recent development trend in the PRC, supporting sustainable urban drainage systems as it enables the control of storm water and reduces storm water runoff. The permeable blocks have a permeability index up to 0.032~0.044 mm/s while the average yearly maximum hourly rainfall for the Hebi City is less than 0.03 mm/s. This will effectively keep storm water on site, mitigate localized flooding, protect drainage systems and recharge the groundwater aquifer. The permeable sidewalk blocks are estimated to also remove CODcr by 30%, SS by 60%, total nitrogen (TN) by 25% and total phosphorus (TP) by 25%. Permeable sidewalk bricks will be adopted for the proposed roads.

C. Alternatives for Qihe River Wetland Rehabilitation

Renovation of fast-growing poplar trees. Two strategies were considered for fast- growing tree renovation, including (i) Partial substitution, pay attention to natural restoration; (ii) Integral substitution with native vegetation community. Partial substitution will be adopted for the project poplar trees renovation.

Table VII-2 Comparison of renovation of poplar trees Item Partial substitution Integral substitution Vegetation restoration effect Good Good Damage to existing vegetation Low High Soil erosion during Low High construction Fast-grow poplar forest trees Intermediate cuttings and replace Replace all the fast-growing renovation the fast-growing poplar timber poplar timber forest along the forest with native vegetation river with native vegetation community community Construction difficulty Need to avoid damage to existing Clear the whole site, plants, construction difficulty is construction difficulty is small high Cost CNY 31/m2 CNY 50/m2

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VIII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

Meaningful participation and consultation during project planning, feasibility study, design and implementation are important safeguard requirements. Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection (Order No. 253 of the State Council) requires that a domestic EIA solicits the opinions of organizations concerned and residents within and near the project sites. In August 2012, the PRC National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) issued a requirement for Social Risk Assessment of Large Investment Projects, which emphasizes the importance of public consultation in an effective manner, and requires that the results of public consultation are clearly summarized in the DEIA report, including the dates of consultations, number of stakeholders, who the affected people are, and the comments received. The updated Environmental Protection Law (effective January 2015) strengthens public involvement and information disclosure requirements (including disclosure of full EIAs for projects or programs with significant environment impacts).

ADB’s SPS (2009) also requires meaningful public participation, consultation and information disclosure. The consultation process for this project followed PRC law and the SPS.

The following sections describe the public consultations for the environmental assessment, undertaken in 2019. Consultation included: (i) information disclosure; (ii) questionnaire surveys; (iii) informal visits to villages and households in the project area; and (iv) stakeholder meetings attended by residents and other concerned stakeholders, including a questionnaire survey after the meetings.

A. Information Disclosure

Information disclosure of project information and related environmental issues was conducted twice on the local public media website (http://www.EIAfans.com) in November 2019 and March 2019 respectively. The first time was at the commencement of domestic environmental assessment preparation and the second was when the draft domestic assessments were completed, which disclosed to public: (i) Project description; (ii) Environmental impact assessment procedures and main tasks; (iii) The main ways for public comments collection; (iv) Name and contact information of the project company; (v) Name and contact information of the domestic EIA institute. The duration of each web-site disclosure was ten working days. The website shows that till December 2019, the site was visited 141 times and no objection to the project was received till now. A sample web-posting is shown in Figure VIII-1. Besides the website disclosure, the project information was also publicized on local newspapers and village community posters in March 2019, see Figure VIII-2 and Figure VIII-3 .

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Figure VIII-1 Project information disclosed on EIAfans website

Figure VIII-2 Project information disclosed on local newspapers

Figure VIII-3 Project information disclosed on Community Information Posters and street wall

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B. Questionnaire Survey

The questionnaire survey (Table VIII-1) was conducted during November 2018 to March 2019 by the EIA institute to the potential affected residents and groups.

Table VIII-1 Respondents of questionnaire survey Item Number of respondents Male 42 Sex Female 58 Younger than 30 33 Age 30~50 34 Old than 50 33

Table VIII-2 Environmental impact questionnaire Questions Answers Partially I know 1. To what extent do you Understand know this project Understand nothing construction? 55 45 Waste 2. Which one do you think is Noise Dust Solid waste Ecology the key problem in the area water where the project built in? 36 74 12 4 Beneficial Harmful 3. What effect do you think the No effects operation of the project will Effect Effects have on this area? 93 7 4. Taking all factors into Support Oppose consideration, what’s your attitude to the construction of 100 this project

100 questionnaires were issued and 100% were returned. Participants consisted of 42 males and 58 females. 33% were 50 years old or above. All (100%) regarded construction impact to be acceptable. All have heard of the project and 55% clearly understanding of the project. The majority (93%) reviewed the project would be beneficial to local environment. 100% are very supportive to the project.

C. Interview and Discussion Forums on the Environmental Assessments

Interview with 18 local villagers in Qi County including 10 male and 7 Female was conducted in September 2019 by the PIU with assistance of the loan implementation consultants. Discussion forums with 8 (Qi County) and 17 (Qibin District) stakeholders from government departments and village representatives were conducted on 5-7 September 2019 (Figure VIII-4 to Figure VIII-6). Representatives from the PIUs explained the project scope, EIA institutes explained the findings from domestic EIAs on potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures. The LIEC explained the EMP and project-specific GRM.

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Figure VIII-4 Interview with villagers of Lihetun village, September 2019

Figure VIII-5 Environmental discussion Forum Figure VIII-6 Environmental discussion Forum in Qi County, September 2019 in Qibin District, September 2019

The Qibin District stakeholder representative asked whether treated construction wastewater could be re-used. The EIA institute confirmed the construction wastewater will be treated by sedimentation tank and re-used for flush. The representative from Dalaidian Township government expressed interest in the PRC’s “Sponge City” concept (referring to a city with adaption to environmental change). The project team confirmed the project will enhance Hebi’s capability to respond to natural disaster and environment change, such as improved flood control capacity and storm management. Concerns expressed by residents included the community safety, the risk of potential construction delays and need for clarification of resettlement issues. Measures to address these concerns have been incorporated in the mitigation measures (EMP; Attachment 1) and resettlement plans respectively. Concern was raised by the forum participants in Qi County in include domestic solid waste issue in the river courses, and the survival rate of the planted trees. All participants expressed support for the project.

D. Future Information Disclosure and Public Consultation

Consultation and information disclosure to safeguard the local environment and residents will continue throughout the construction and operation phases. The PMO and the PIUs will be responsible for organizing the public consultations with support of the LIEC. The detailed consultation and communication plan is defined in the EMP (attachment 1). The project’s environmental information will be disclosed as follows:

(i) Copies of the domestic assessments are available on request in the PMO;

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(ii) The draft Addendum IEE (in English) will be disclosed on the project website at www.adb.org. (iii) Project semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be available at www.adb.org; and, (iv) Public notice boards will be set at each work site to provide information on the purpose of the project activity, responsible entities on site, and the project level GRM. Contact information of all GRM entry points will be disclosed on the construction site information boards.

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IX. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

In addition to the PRC’s public environmental compliant hotline (12369A), a project- specific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been developed in compliance with ADB’s SPS (2009) requirement to address environmental, health, safety, and social concerns associated with project construction, operation, land acquisition, and leasing arrangements. The GRM is designed to achieve the following objectives: (i) provide channels of communication for local communities to raise concerns about environment- and social-related grievances which might result from the project; (ii) prevent and mitigate adverse environmental and social impacts to communities caused by project construction and operation, including those associated with resettlement; (iii) improve mutual trust and respect and promote productive relationships between the project agencies and local communities; and (iv) build community acceptance of the project. The GRM is accessible to all members of the community, including women, youth, and poverty-stricken residents. Multiple points of entry are available, including face-to-face meetings, written complaints, telephone conversations, e-mail, and social media.

Public grievances to be addressed by the GRM will most likely include disturbance of agricultural activities, traffic, dust emissions, construction noise, odor caused by sediment dredging, soil erosion, inappropriate disposal of construction wastes, damage to private houses, safety measures for the protection of the general public and construction workers, and/or water quality deterioration. Grievances related to involuntary resettlement may relate to the lack, or un-timely payment of, compensation monies, other allowances, and/or lease monies as per entitlements described in the resettlement plan and associated documents. The details of the GRM, including a time-bound flow chart of procedures, are included in the project EMP.

X. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The project EMP is in Attachment 1. Development of the EMP drew on the domestic EIA reports, discussions with the PMO, implementing agencies, Hebi EPBs, other government agencies, and local communities. The EMP defines mitigation measures for the anticipated environmental impacts, institutional responsibilities, and mechanisms to monitor and ensure compliance with PRC’s environmental laws, standards and regulations and ADB’s SPS. The EMP specifies major environmental impacts and mitigation measures, roles and responsibilities, inspection, monitoring, and reporting arrangements, training, and the grievance redress mechanism. The EMP will be updated after detailed design, as needed. It will be included as separate annex in all biding documents for subcomponents involving civil works. Contractors will be required to develop site-EMPs that are fully responsive to the EMP.

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XI. CONCLUSIONS

The project will generate socio-economic and environmental benefits by barren hills revegetation, wetland restoration and management, and construction of urban services. Construction of road, sewer pipelines, and the small infrastructure works and habitat restoration may cause temporary noise and visual disturbance to fauna. Transport and disposal of spoil and/or construction materials may cause fugitive dust, leakage, and damage to roads along transport routes and leakage at spoil sites. Other construction risks include soil erosion from uncontrolled earthworks, uncontrolled solid waste disposal, interference with traffic and municipal services during pipeline construction, temporary acquisition of land, and occupational and community health and safety. Operational risks include road side noise, inadequate maintenance of facilities, and low capacity of managing agencies for wetland management.

Measures to avoid, minimize, and mitigate potential project impacts have been developed within an environmental management plan (EMP; Attachment 1). The EMP is the key document to manage, monitor and report on environmental impacts of the project. Public consultation was conducted in the project counties in accordance with PRC and ADB requirements, and public concerns have been integrated into the domestic feasibility study reports and project EMP. Public consultation will continue throughout project implementation. A project-specific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been developed, and will be implemented at the provincial, county, and site levels. The EMP will be implemented by the PMO and contractors, with assistance and training from the loan implementation environmental consultant and wetland and river specialists.

Based on the information presented in this Addendum IEE, and assuming full and effective implementation of the project EMP, loan assurances, and training, potential adverse environmental impacts are expected to be minimized and/or mitigated to acceptable levels and to within the standards applied in this Addendum IEE.

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ATTACHMENT 1. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

People’s Republic of China: Henan Hebi Qihe River Environmental Improvement and Ecological Conservation Project

This environmental management plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of the ADB website in which the full environmental impact assessment is given.

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A. Objectives

This Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is for the whole Henan Hebi Qihe River Environmental Improvement and Ecological Conservation Project (including original and newly added components during scope change) in Hebi City of Henan Province, the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The EMP complies with the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) and is based on the domestic Environmental Impact Assessments (DEIAs), project EIA and this addendum IEE. The EMP describes: roles and responsibilities of all project agencies to implement this EMP; mitigation measures; inspection, monitoring, and reporting arrangements; training and institutional strengthening; grievance redress mechanism (GRM); and future public consultation.

In the design stage the PMO will pass this EMP to the design institutes for incorporating mitigation measures into the detailed designs. The EMP will be updated at the end of the detailed design, as needed. To ensure that bidders will respond to the EMP’s provisions, the PMO and local project implementation units (PIUs) will prepare and provide the following specification clauses for incorporation into the bidding documents: (i) a list of environmental management requirements to be budgeted by the bidders in their proposals, (ii) environmental clauses for contractual terms and conditions, and (iii) component DEIAs, project EIA and addendum IEE including updated EMP for compliance.

B. Organizations and Their Responsibilities for EMP Implementation

Hebi City Government (HCG) is the project Executing Agency (EA). A Project Leading Group (PLG) and a Project Management Office (PMO) have been established in the HCG. The PLG is chaired by the executive vice mayor of HCG, with members from the Hebi City Government, Hebi Finance Bureau, Hebi Development and Reform Commission, and other relevant agencies. The PMO is located in the Hebi Finance Bureau and comprises staff and representatives from the relevant government departments. Qi County Government, Qibin District Government and Xun County Government will be Implementing Agencies (IAs)

HCG (through PMO) and the IAs (through the PIUs) will assume overall responsibility for implementing, supervising, monitoring and reporting on the EMP. Their capacity to implement the EMP, as well as the capacity of the PIUs to manage project facilities, will be strengthened through capacity building and training activities defined in the EMP. One new PIU, the Panshitou Reservoir Management Bureau, is added for implementation of newly added Panshitou Reservoir environmental improvement component.

Table EMP-1: Project Implementation Units No. Proposed Subcomponent Project Implementing Unit (PIU) 1. Ecological conservation and environmental management of upper Qihe River and its watershed enhanced Qihe River Upstream Ecological 1.1 Qibin District Forestry Bureau Protection Restoration and management of pilot 1.2 Qibin District Forestry Bureau and Qi County Forestry Bureau Qihe River National Wetland Park Panshitou Reservoir environmental Panshitou Reservoir Management Bureau 1.3 improvement 2. Lower Qihe River Mainstream and Tributaries improved Qihe Mainstream Watercourse Qi County Water Resource Bureau and Xun County Water 2.1 Improvement in Qi County (21 km) Resource Bureau Four Tributary Watercourse 2.2 Qi County Water Resource Bureau Improvement in Qi County Five Canal Watercourse Improvement in 2.3 Qibin District Municipal Administration Division Qibin District 3. Wastewater and Solid Waste Management in the Qihe River Basin improved

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Qibin District Urban Environmental Qibin District Housing and Rural and Urban Development 3.1 Management Bureau Qibin District Housing, Rural and Urban Development 3.2 Qi County Wastewater Management Bureau, Qi County Urban Administration Bureau, and Rural Urban Integrated District Land Administration Bureau 3.3 Solid Waste Management As above 4. Institutional and technical support system for integrated management of the Qihe River Basin improved Qihe River Ecological Monitoring 4.1 Hebi City PMO Program Qihe River Basin Management 4.2 Hebi City PMO Information System Project start-up support consulting Hebi City PMO 4.3 services; loan implementation consulting – services; external resettlement 4.6 monitoring and evaluation; training

PMO Environment Officer. The PMO will have main EMP coordination responsibility. The PMO will assign a full-time PMO Environment Officer to coordinate EMP implementation. The officer will: (i) ensure that environmental management, monitoring, and mitigation measures are incorporated into bidding documents, construction contracts and operation management plans; (ii) coordinate the project level GRM; (iii) on behalf of PMO, prepare semi- annual EMP monitoring and progress reports, for submission to ADB; (iv) coordinate the training and consultation plans defined in the EMP; (v) respond to any unforeseen adverse impacts beyond those mentioned in this EMP; and (vi) coordinate work with the PIU Environment Officers.

PIU Environment Officers. Each PIU will assign one full-time PIU Environment Officer to coordinate EMP at local level i.e. total of nine officers. These officers will: (i) implement the EMP at a day-to-day site level; (ii) coordinate the recruitment of construction supervision companies; (iii) act as local entry points to the GRM; (iv) report to the PIUs and PMO on EMP implementation progress; and (v) work closely with the PMO Environment and Social Officers to coordinate EMP work, including reporting and the GRM, across the project area.

Loan implementation environment consultant. A LIEC will be hired under the loan implementation consultant services. The LIEC will advise the PMO, PIUs, contractors, and construction supervision companies on all aspects of environmental management and monitoring for the project. The LIEC will (i) assist in updating the EMP and environmental monitoring program, as needed; (ii) supervise the implementation of the mitigation measures specified in the EMP; (iii) train the PMO and PIUs in how to prepare the semi-annual EMP monitoring and progress reports to ADB and during the early stages of training, lead the preparation of these documents; (iv) provide training to the PMO, PIUs, and CSCs on the PRC’s environmental laws, regulations and policies, ADB’s SPS (2009), EMP implementation, and GRM in accordance with the training plan (Table EMP-6); (v) identify any environment- related implementation issues, and propose necessary corrective actions; and (vi) undertake site visits for EMP inspection as required. TOR for the LIEC is in Appendix 1.

Construction Contractors and Construction Supervision Companies (CSCs). Construction contractors will be responsible for implementing relevant EMP mitigation measures during construction, under the supervision of the CSCs and PIUs. Contractors will develop site-specific EMPs on the basis of this project EMP. CSCs will be selected through the PRC bidding procedure by the PIUs. The CSCs will be responsible for supervising construction progress and quality, and EMP implementation on construction sites. Each CSC shall have at least one environmental engineer on each construction site to: (i) supervise the contractor’s EMP implementation performance; and (ii) prepare the contractor’s environmental management performance section in monthly project progress reports submitted to the PIUs and PMO.

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C. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Prior to construction, the PMO will assess the project environmental readiness using Table EMP-2 and review with ADB. If necessary, corrective actions will be identified to ensure that all requirements are met.

Table EMP-2: Project Readiness Assessment Indicators Indicator Criteria Assessment Yes No EMP update The EMP was updated after technical detail design, and   approved by ADB Compliance with loan The borrower complies with loan covenants related to   covenants project design and environmental management planning Public involvement  Meaningful consultation completed   effectiveness  GRM established with entry points   Environmental supervision in  LIEC is in place   place  Environment Officer appointed by PMO    EMA and CSCs contracted by PMO    EMC appointed by each PIUs   Bidding documents and  Bidding documents and contracts incorporating   contracts with environmental the impact mitigation and environmental management safeguards provisions of the EMP. Site construction planning Site environmental management and supervision plan (Environmental) prepared for each work site by the PMO, PIUs and contractors. EMP financial support The required funds have been set aside by contractors,   PMO and PIUs to support the EMP implementation Note. ADB=Asian Development Bank; IA = Implementing Agency, PMO=Hebi Project Management Office; LIEC = Loan Implementation Environmental Consultant, PIU=Project Implementing Unit,

Table EMP-3 lists the potential project impacts and mitigation measures during the pre- construction, construction and operational phases. Those that will be permanently become part of the infrastructure such as noise reduction materials and odor removal facilities for the wastewater treatment plant will be included in the design of the facilities by the contracted design institute. The costs of building and maintaining these systems have already been included in the infrastructure construction and operating costs and therefore will not be double- counted as part of the EMP costs.

Those mitigation measures that are temporary measures particularly during the construction stage, such as dust suppression by watering and wheel washing, the use of quiet and low-powered mechanical equipment and temporary noise barriers will need to be included in the tender documents. Contractors will be required to include the EMP in their bid packages to satisfy the environmental contract clauses for implementing the EMP.

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Table EMP-3: Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Pre-construction and Construction Phases Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds A. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PHASES Design for barren Introduction of weed Only utilize native plant species of local provenance, as listed in LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in hills greening species to local Table IV-2 in Section IV of project EIA and Table IV-9 in this LIEC design contract vegetation addendum IEE. These are native species selected adapted to the communities local climate and soil conditions. Design for Qihe Protection of wetland, Commission a qualified and experienced design institute for the LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in River wetland water resource, flora design of conservation wetland and forest, including the detailed LIEC design contract conservation and and fauna species water balance analysis for the forest and landscaping irrigation; rehabilitation Comply with the approved internal zoning of the park as described in the NWP Master Plan and Section IV.C.2 of this EIA; and, roads and pathways will follow existing disturbed areas Design Qihe River Disposal of dredged Technical design of dredged sediment disposal site shall be LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in Mainstream and sediment approved LIEC design contract tributary Eco-friendly design Technical design of embankments shall be adequate and stable LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in improvement enough to withstand the strong force of heavy storm water flow LIEC design contract but maximize the adoption of eco-friendly embankment designs Wastewater and Pipe burst Design of the storm water and wastewater collection pipelines LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in storm water must be adequate to prevent pipe burst LIEC design contract collection pipeline Design for Qi County Odor removal Technical design of the WWTP shall include facility and LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in wastewater equipment to remove odor generated during plant operation LIEC design contract treatment plant Establish 100 m buffer distance from boundary of WWTP to the LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in expansion nearest sensitive receiver for potential odor impact LIEC design contract Operational noise Technical design of the WWTP shall contain proper acoustic LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in design for pumps, blowers and other noisy equipment LIEC design contract Effluent standard Design of WWTP shall achieve Class 1A treatment and discharge LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in standards and safety of plant operation, with dual power supply LIEC design contract to avoid interruption to plant operation due to power failure Sludge Design of WWTP shall include dewatering machine and LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in temporary dry bed to produce sludge with water content of lower LIEC design contract than 60% Design for solid Odor removal Design of the solid waste transfer stations shall include facility and LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in waste management equipment to remove odor generated during plant operation LIEC design contract

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds Design for Panshitou Safety Hoist room and management office design should follow the LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in new Works Specification for Load Design of Hydraulic Structures (SL744- LIEC design contract 2016), Standard for Seismic Design of Hydraulic Structure (GB51247-2018)

Efficient use of Technical design of hoist room and office building should include LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in resource and energy energy saving features in term of building envelope/roofing LIEC design contract materials, electrical system and automation, water heating, air conditioning and ventilation, and lighting, etc. Technical design of the hoise room and management office buildings shall consider other “green building” features besides energy saving.

Eco-toilets Technical design of the 4 ecological toilets should follow the LDI PMO, PIUs, Included in Standard forf Water-free Sanitary Toilet (GB/T 18092-2000) LIEC design contract B. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE Institutional Lack of environment - PMO to appoint qualified environment specialist on its staff LIEC PMO HCG Strengthening management - Each PIU to appoint qualified environment specialist on its staff capacities within PMO especially the newly added PIU, Panshitou Reservoir and PIUs Management Bureau. - LIEC to conduct environment management training Environment PMO to contract EMA to conduct independent verification of the EMA PMO HCG Monitoring Agency project’s environment performance and compliance with the (EMA) approved EMP EMP update EMP does not reflect Review mitigation measures defined in this EMP, update as PMO, assisted by ADB HCG the final project design required to reflect detailed design, disclose updated EMP on LIEC project website, and include updated EMP in all bid documents Grievance redress Handling and resolving Establish the project GRM; train all PMO and PIU staff in the PMO and PIU PMO, PIUs, HCG mechanism (GRM) complaints GRM; disclose GRM to affected people before construction Environment and LIEC begins; maintain a complaint register to document all complaints Social Officers Tender documents Environmental clauses Put into tender documents and works contracts the respective PIU, Tender PMO, LIEC Included in and works contracts for tender documents environmental clauses listed in the EMP Agent tender agent and contracts contract C. CONSTRUCTION PHASE

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds Air Quality Dust - Assign haulage routes and schedules to avoid traffic intensive Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in areas or residential areas LIEC construction - Spray water regularly on unpaved haul roads and access roads contract (at least once a day) to suppress dust; and erect hoarding around dusty activities - Cover material stockpiles with dust shrouds or tarpaulin. For the earthwork management for backfill, measures will include surface press and periodical spraying and covering. Extra earth will be cleared from site to avoid long term stockpiling - Minimize storage time of construction and demolition wastes on site by regularly removing them off site - Site asphalt mixing and concrete batching stations at least 300 m downwind of the nearest air quality protection target - Equip asphalt, hot mix and batching plants with fabric filters and/or wet scrubbers to reduce the level of dust emissions - Install wheel washing equipment or conduct wheel washing manually at each exit of the works area to prevent trucks from carrying muddy or dusty substance onto public roads - Keep construction vehicles and machinery in good working order, regularly service and turn off engines when not in use - Vehicles with an open load-carrying case, which transport potentially dust-producing materials, shall have proper fitting sides and tail boards. Dust-prone materials shall not be loaded to a level higher than the side and tail boards, and shall always be covered with a strong tarpaulin - In periods of high wind, dust-generating operations shall not be permitted within 200 m of residential areas. Apply extra vigilance near sensitive receptors such as schools, kindergartens and hospitals Odor from dredged - Storage location: sediment pre-treatment sites will be located Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in sediments at least 200 m downwind from residential areas and other LIEC construction sensitive receptors e.g. schools contract - Storage conditions: At the Pond (temporary storage site), sediment will be covered with mulch then soil, then compacted

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds with ventilation holes to reduce odor emissions. Install dust screens around the temporary storage site - Vehicles: Vehicles delivering pre-treated sediments to the temporary storage site will be covered with tarpaulin sheets. Overloading of these vehicles will be avoided. Vehicle speeds will be controlled, in particular near residential areas - Monitoring: Odor levels will be regularly monitored at sensitive areas (as defined in the monitoring plan) Noise Noise from mechanical - Ensure noise levels from equipment and machinery conform to Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in equipment and vehicles PRC standard GB 12523-2011 LIEC construction - Properly maintain machinery to minimize noise contract - Equipment with high noise and/or vibration will not be used near village or township areas. Only low noise machinery or equipment with sound insulation will be employed - At work sites within 50 m of residences, install temporary noise barriers - No night time (between 22:00 and 06:00) construction within 300 m of sensitive receptors - Monitor noise levels (Table EMP-4). If noise exceeded by >3 dB, equipment and construction conditions shall be checked, and mitigation measures implemented - Provide workers with hearing protection - Control the driving speed of vehicles and machinery on-site - Inform residents prior to construction about anticipated noise levels and duration. For residents near the site and subject to prolonged noise exposure, provide hearing protection - Conduct regular interviews with residents adjacent to construction sites to identify feedback. This will be used to adjust work hours of noisy machinery Vibration Vibration caused by - Piling and compaction prohibited at night Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in mechanical equipment - Communities will be informed prior to large earthworks and to LIEC construction and vehicles avoid sensitive timing e.g. exams at nearby schools contract Surface water Construction - Unauthorized discharge of wastewater at sites is prohibited Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in Quality wastewater and LIEC construction municipal wastewater contract

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds from construction - Wastewater will be treated in grid and settling tanks before camps discharge into local sewers - Install septic tanks and portable toilets in project sites - Pre-treat wastewater from work camps and canteens with grid and settling tanks before discharge to municipal sewer, in compliance with national standards - Each contractor to develop a Spill Management and Emergency Response Plan for oil and other dangerous substances - Chemicals will be stored away from watercourses - Retention areas will be provided to contain accidental spills of toxic materials e.g. acids, oils, petroleum products - Storage facilities for fuels, oil, and other hazardous materials will be in secured areas on impermeable surfaces - Bunds and cleanup measures will be installed - Train workers on safe handling of chemicals and emergency response - Equipment wash-down sites to be equipped with water collection basins and sediment traps Increase SS All supernatant water from dredged sediment storage or Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in concentrations during disposal sites shall be treated to GB 8978-1996 Class I standard LIEC construction construction works in before discharging contract canals and wetland Soil erosion Soil erosion - Stockpile topsoil and cover Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in - Install drainage system and settling ponds at construction sites LIEC construction including borrow and spoil sites contract - Minimize active open excavation areas during trenching activities and use appropriate compaction techniques for pipe trenches construction - Lay straws or cloths at the entry/exit of runoff at each construction site - Limit works during rains and high winds - Carry out river/canal embankment work and rehabilitation works section by section with greening works implemented at the same time in order to avoid large scale soil erosion in rainy season

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds - Properly re-vegetate disturbed surfaces, such as compacted pipeline trenches and river banks. All earthwork disturbance areas must be stabilized within 30 days after earthworks have ceased at the sites. - Rehabilitate borrow site to farmland - Regularly clean tires of construction vehicles - Soil erosion monitoring program will cover the sites of the sewage network, WWTP, dewatering sites for dredged sediment, temporary storage sites for dewatered sediment, wetland creation, material storage site and MSW transfer stations, borrow pit and spoil site. - Appropriately set up temporary construction camps and storage areas to minimize the land area required and impact on soil erosion. - Properly store petroleum products, hazardous materials and Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in wastes on impermeable surfaces in secured and covered LIEC construction areas, and use the best management practice to avoid soil contract contamination; - Remove all construction wastes from the site to approved waste disposal sites; - Establish emergency preparedness and response plan (Spill Management Plan); and - Provide spill cleanup measures and equipment at each construction site and require contractors to conduct training in emergency spill response procedures. Solid waste Solid waste - Storage and containment: install waste storage containers for Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in worker and hazardous wastes, away from sensitive receptors; LIEC construction regularly dispose to an approved disposal facility contract - Transport and disposal: city sanitation department will remove all wastes from sites; hold contractors responsible for proper removal and disposal of any significant residual materials, wastes and contaminated soils after construction - Management: prohibit burning of waste; multi-compartment collection bins will be installed to facilitate reuse, recycle of solid wastes.

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds Ecological Destruction of habitats - Prior to construction, demarcate and protect vegetation, fauna Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in Resources and wildlife habitats, and any nests or other fauna found at construction LIEC construction sites contract - For Qihe River Crucian Carp, protect known spawning locations in the Qihe River: (i) prior to any mainstream or bank-side works, consult HCG Agricultural Bureau on locations; (ii) avoid any river works in the NWP in the spawning season (May-June) - Properly backfill, compact and re-vegetate pipeline trenches after pipeline installation - Use native plant species of local provenance for site rehabilitation (Table IV-2 in Section IV of EIA) - Carry out works of embankment protection section by section while implementing greening works at the same time, to minimize soil erosion and restore habitats - Immediately report any injured wildlife to PMO and/or PIU Environment Officer: do not catch or disturb the animal - CSCs and PMO / PIU Environment Officers will regularly inspect construction sites to ensure flora and fauna are well protected - For the pilot Qihe River National Wetland Park and barren hills greening, train and instruct workers in strict protocols: no littering, hunting, catching or eating of wildlife, or using natural areas as toilets Impacts on socio- Occupational health - Provide a clean and sufficient supply of fresh water, for Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in economic resources and safety construction and for all camps, offices and workshops LIEC construction - Provide sufficient latrines and other sanitary arrangements at contract the site and work areas, and ensure that they are cleaned and maintained in a hygienic state - Install garbage receptacles at construction site and camps and regularly empty them to prevent diseases - Provide personal protection equipment to workers e.g. safety boots, helmets, gloves, protective clothing, goggles, ear protection, in accordance with health and safety regulations - Prepare emergency response plan for accidents and emergencies, including hazardous material spills. Emergency

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds phone link with hospitals will be established. A fully equipped first-aid base in each construction camp will be organized - Install and maintain a Records Management System to record and report occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents. Records will be reviewed during compliance monitoring and audits - Publicize safety, rescue and industrial health matters at all sites. Display posters on site safety and regulations - Train all workers in basic sanitation, health care - Implement awareness and prevention program for HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases for workers and local community

For construction of Panshitou hoist rooms and slope rehabilitation, - construction should be undertaken in dry season - construction safety should be inspected by the CSCs on a daily basis following the Standard for Construction Safety Inspection (JGJ59-2011).

Community health and - Prior to construction, prepare and implement a traffic control Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in safety plan, with local traffic management authority. This shall include LIEC construction provisions for diverting or scheduling construction traffic to avoid contract morning and afternoon peak traffic hours, regulating traffic at road crossings, and emphasis on public safety, signs, controls and planning in advance - Inform residents and businesses of the construction activities, given the dates and duration of expected disruption - Install clear signs at construction sites to warn people of potential dangers (moving vehicles, hazardous materials, excavations, etc.) and raise awareness on safety issues - Prohibit use of heavy machinery at night - Return equipment to overnight storage sites - Secure all construction sites from public access

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds Utilities provision Assess construction locations in advance to identify potential Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in interruption: disruption to services and risks before starting construction LIEC construction If temporary disruption is unavoidable the contractor will, with contract relevant local authorities (e.g. power, water, communications) develop a plan to minimize the disruption and communicate the dates and duration in advance to all affected people Other Social Issues - Civil works contracts will stipulate priorities to: (i) recruit workers Contractor PIU, CSC, Included in locally to the extent possible; (ii) ensure equal opportunities for LIEC construction women and men; (iii) pay equal wages for work of equal value; contract (iv) not employ child or forced labor - Employment targets are included in the gender action plan D. OPERATION PHASE Qibin District Urban Traffic noise - Low-noise pavement materials shall be used for road O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit Environment maintenance when possible, particularly on the road section Budget Improvement nearby the environmentally sensitive sites; - No-honking signs will be set up at school, hospital and dense residential; - New schools, hospitals, and residential buildings will not be built in the first row close to the roads; - Noise monitoring will be undertaken at the locations and frequencies indicated in the EMP; - Ambient noise monitoring will be mandated to determine whether mitigation measures such as noise barriers or noise insulation windows will be required for sites where noise levels are expected to exceed by more than 3 dB(A); - Trees and shrubs will be planted as soon as possible along the proposed roadsides after construction; as far as possible, native species of local provenance (i.e. seedlings from the local area, not imported from elsewhere) will be used. Qibin District Urban Storm-water runoff - Routinely collecting and properly disposing litter and debris from O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit Environment sidewalks, driveways, and parking lots; Budget Improvement - Installation of litter traps along waterways (small floating mesh traps attached to one bank) and regular emptying of these;

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds - Cleaning the roadside catch basins before the wet season to avoid surface water pollution by storm water runoff flushing debris and silt; - Placing garbage bins and containers along the road network; and - Prohibiting the construction of car washing and gas stations near rivers and drainage channels.

Panshitou Reservoir Solid waste - Placing garbage bins and containers along the top roads Panshitou PMO O&M Unit new Works - Routinely collecting and transporting domestic solid waste to Reservoir Budget transfer station. management bureau Dam safety monitoring - Designate special person for dam safety monitoring Panshitou PMO O&M Unit - Properly maintain and operate the existing safety monitoring Reservoir Budget system, which covers: appearance monitoring, viaduct management monitoring, hydraulics monitoring, vibration monitoring and bureau facilities operation Fu Mountain Irrigation water source During extremely draught year, in case needed, Panshitou Panshitou PMO, LIEC O&M Unit revegetation Reservoir Management Bureau release water for forest irrigation Reservoir Budget of Fu Mountain Ecological Reserve. management bureau Barren Hill Greening Maintenance of Daily maintenance: manage the vegetation including pruning, O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit and Qihe River vegetation and weeding and replacement of dead or dying trees and shrubs. Pest Budget Wetland landscape control: the guiding principle will be prevention first followed by integrated treatment to avoid/reduce pollution from pesticide River rehabilitation Maintenance of Daily maintenance: pruning, weeding, replacement of dead or O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit vegetation and dying trees and shrubs. Pest control: none in wetland areas and Budget landscape along river; low-toxicity pesticides to be used in event of severe pest outbreak Embankment stability Inspect all river embankment stabilization works for physical O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit integrity. If signs of failure are discovered, a repair program will Budget be implemented immediately Qi County WWTP Air quality WWTP shall maintain a buffer distance of 100 m from site O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit and 15 solid waste boundary within which no development shall be allowed Budget

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Item Potential issues Mitigation measures Implement Supervise Source of Funds transfer stations Noise Maintain all mechanical equipment in good order and ensure O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit (SWSs) operational noise at WWTP boundaries meets Grade II noise Budget requirements of 60 dB (A) during daytime and 50 dB (A) at night (PRC Noise Standards at the Boundary of Industries and Enterprises; GB 12348-2008) Water quality Treat effluent to Class 1 A of PRC Discharge Standard of O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment (GB 18918-2002) Budget

Transport wastewater from the SWSs that not connected to O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit municipal sewers timely by suction trunk Budget Sludge Sludge shall be dried to <60% moisture content to meet PRC O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit Disposal of Sludge from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant- Budget Quality of Sludge for Co-landing (GB/T 23485-2009) standard prior to landfill disposal Occupational Health Compulsory use of safety equipment and clothing as necessary O&M Unit PMO, LIEC O&M Unit and safety (e.g., non-slip boots, chemical resistant clothing, safety goggles, Budget respiratory mask); safety instructions for storage, transport, handling or pouring of chemicals Sources: ADB = Asian Development Bank, EIA = environmental impact assessment, LIEC = loan implementation environmental consultant, EPB = Environment Protection Bureau, IA = implementing agency, DI = design institute, O&M = operation and maintenance, PMO = project management office, PIU= project implementation unit, SEMSP = site environmental management and supervision plan, SWS = solid waste transfer station.

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D. Monitoring and Reporting

Three types of project environmental monitoring will be conducted under the EMP: (i) internal monitoring and supervision and reporting by CSCs and PIUs; (ii) EMP implementation monitoring and progress reporting by the LIEC; and (iii) compliance monitoring by local Environmental Monitoring Agency (EMA). The monitoring program (Table EMP-4) covers the scope of monitoring, parameters, time and frequency, implementing and supervising agencies, and estimated costs. Monitoring shall comply with the relevant national standards.

Internal monitoring and supervision and reporting by CSCs. During construction, the CSCs and PIUs will be responsible for conducting internal environmental monitoring in accordance with the monitoring and reporting plans (Tables EMP-4 and EMP-5). Supervision results will be reported through the CSC reports to the PIUs.

EMP implementation monitoring and progress reporting. The LIEC will review project progress and compliance with the EMP based on field visits, and the review of the environmental monitoring conducted by the EMA. The findings of the LIEC will be reported to ADB through the semi-annual EMP monitoring and progress reports. The reports will include (i) progress made in EMP implementation, (ii) overall effectiveness of the EMP implementation (including public and occupational health and safety), (iii) environmental monitoring and compliance, (iv) institutional strengthening and training, (v) public consultation (including GRM), and (vi) any problems encountered during construction and operation, and the relevant corrective actions undertaken. The LIEC will help PMO prepare the reports and submit the English report to ADB for appraisal and disclosure.

Environmental compliance monitoring by local EMA. The PIUs in each county or district will contract the local EMA to conduct environmental monitoring in accordance with the monitoring program (Table EMP-4). A detailed cost estimate will be provided by the EMA prior to implementation. Monitoring will be conducted during construction and operation period, until a project completion report (PCR) is issued. Semi-annual monitoring reports will be prepared by the LIEC and submitted to PMO and the PIUs.

Project completion environmental audits. Upon completion of each subproject, environmental acceptance monitoring and audit reports shall be (i) prepared by a licensed environmental monitoring institute in accordance with the PRC’s Guideline on Project Completion Environmental Audit (2001), (ii) reviewed for approval by the environmental authorities, and (iii) reported to ADB through the semi-annual progress reports. Subproject completion reports shall be finalized within 3 months after each subproject completion, or no later than 1 year with permission of the local environment protection bureaus.

Quality assurance (QA) /quality control (QC) for compliance monitoring. To ensure accuracy of the monitoring, QA/QC procedures will be conducted in accordance with the following regulations: i) Regulations of QA/AC Management for Environmental Monitoring issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration in July 2006; ii) QA/QC Manual for Environmental Water Monitoring (Second edition), published by the State Environmental Monitoring Centre in 2001; and iii) QA/QC Manual for Environmental Air Monitoring published by the State Environmental Monitoring Centre in 2001.

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Table EMP-4: Environmental Impact Monitoring Program Sub- Phase Factor Indicators Location Frequency Implementing Supervising component Entity Entity Qihe River Construction Surface CODcr, Near the Hanpodong water intake Four times a year during EMA PMO, LIEC National water BOD5, TN, peak construction Wetland quality TP, SS, oil Park Panshitou Construction Surface CODcr, Downstream of Pangshitou Reservoir Four times a year during EMA PMO, LIEC new Works water BOD5, TN, and upstream of Qi Rver peak construction quality TP, SS, oil Safety Visual Hoist room construction site, slope Visual inspectioin on a CSC PMO, LIEC inspection safety rehabilitation site daily basis inspection Qihe River Construction Air Quality Dust, TSP, Construction sites where there is 1 day per month during EMA PMO, LIEC Mainstream PM10 resident areas within 300 m construction and Tributary Odor (H2S, Each storage site for dredged 1 day per month during EMA PMO, LIEC Water NH3) sediment for: Zhejing, Side, and construction Course Hucheng Rivers; Zhaojia, Tianlai, Improvement Mianfeng, and Erzhi Canals, where there are residents <300 m Noise Leq Construction sites where there is 2 times per day (day time, EMA PMO, LIEC resident areas within 200 m night time), 2 consecutive days every month Operation Water CODcr, TN, Zhejing, Side and Hucheng Rivers; 1 time per day, 3 EMA PMO, LIEC Quality TP, SS Zhaojia, Tianlai, Mianfeng, Erzhi consecutive days Canals Wastewater Construction Air Quality Dust: TSP, Construction sites where there is 1 day per month during EMA PMO, LIEC and Solid PM10 resident areas within 300 m construction Waste Noise Leq Construction sites where there is 1 day per month during EMA PMO, LIEC Management resident areas within 200 m construction Qibin Urban Operation Wastewater CODcr, Qi County WWTP effluent outfall 1 time per day, 3 EMA PMO, LIEC environment BOD5, TN, consecutive days every 3 improvement TP, SS months for first 3 years of operation

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Noise Leq At four site boundaries of: Qi County 1 time per day, 1 day EMA PMO, LIEC WWTP; 15 solid waste transfer every 3 months for first stations if there is residential area years of operation within 200 m; Qibin: At all sensitive sites along the For Qibin: Twice per day road. (once in day time and once at night time) for 2 consecutive days, twice per year Air Quality Odor (H2S, At four site boundaries of: 1 time per day, 1 day EMA PMO, LIEC NH3) a) Qi County WWTP every 3 months for first b) 15 solid waste transfer stations if years of operation there is residential area within 300 m TSP, SO2, Qibin district: All of the sensitive Compliance EMA PMO, LIEC NOx, PM10 receivers along the roads Monitoring: Twice per day for 3 consecutive days, twice per year BOD5 = 5-day biochemical oxygen demand; CODcr = chemical oxygen demand; CSC = construction supervision company; EMA = environmental monitoring agency; LAeq = equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level; LIEC = loan implementation environmental consultant; LSMI = licensed soil erosion institute; NH3-N = ammonia nitrogen; PM10 = particles measuring <10μm; PMO = project management office; PIU= project implementing unit; SO2 = sulfur dioxide; SS = suspended solids; TSP = total suspended particle.

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Environmental reporting for the project is described in Table EMP-5.

Table EMP-5: EMP Reporting Plan Reports From To Reporting Frequency Construction Phase Internal progress Internal project progress Contractors, PIUs Monthly (during reports by report by construction CSCs construction season) contractors contractors, including EMP monitoring results by CSCs Internal progress Internal project progress PIUs PMO Quarterly reports by PIUs report including EMP implementation progress Environmental Environmental impact EMA LIEC, Monthly impact monitoring monitoring report PMO reports Reports to ADB Project progress report PMO with ADB Semi-annual (including section on EMP support of implementation and LIEC monitoring) Environment monitoring PMO with ADB Semi-annual reports support of LIEC Acceptance Environmental acceptance Licensed Hebi Once for each reports monitoring and audit report institute EPB engineering subcomponent, not later than one year after completion of physical works Operation Phase Environmental Environmental impact LIEC PIUs, Quarterly impact monitoring monitoring report (during first PMO three year of operation and/or up to 1 year after project completion, whichever is first) Reports to ADB Project progress report PMO ADB Semi-annually (including section on EMP implementation and monitoring) Environment progress and PMO ADB Once (after first year of monitoring report operation)

ADB=Asian Development Bank; EMA=Environment Monitoring Agency, LIEC = loan implementation environmental consultant, PIU = project implementation unit, PMO = project management office.

E. Training

The project agencies have no previous experience with ADB-funded projects or safeguard requirements. To ensure effective implementation of the EMP, the capacity of PMO, PIUs, O&M Units, contractors, CSCs, and local bureaus (especially forestry and water resources) will be strengthened. The project will implement institutional capacity building, and training, as follows:

(i) Appointment of PMO and PIU Environment Officers and Social Officers; (ii) Contracting of a wetland specialist and river specialist to support detailed design and implementation;

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(iii) Contracting of a LIEC to support the PMO and PIUs with EMP implementation and ensure compliance with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009); and, (iv) Implementation of a training program for all relevant agencies (Table EMP-6). Training will be facilitated by the loan implementation consultants, including the LIEC, wetland, and river specialists.

Table EMP-6: Training Program Training Attendees Contents Times Period No. of (days) persons EMP update and PMO, PIUs, Development and Twice - 2x0.5 40 implementation contractors, update EMP, roles Once prior to, CSCs, local and responsibilities, and once after EPB monitoring, one year of supervision and project reporting procedures, implementation review of experience (after 12 months) Grievance PMO, PIUs, Roles and Twice - 2x0.5 40 Redress contractors, responsibilities, Once prior to, Mechanism CSCs, local Procedures, review of and once after EPB experience (after 12 one year of months) project implementation Environmental PMO, O&M Environmental Once during 1 50 aspects of unit housekeeping; project operation facilities Sludge treatment and operation disposal process; Safety operation regulations Emergency preparedness and breakdown response procedures Wetland PMO, PIUs, Basic principles of Ongoing during Ongoing tbd management river guards, wetland management; implementation EPBs, maintaining the QRMO restored habitats; wetland species protection Flood PMO, PIUs, Operation of the Qihe Ongoing during Ongoing tbd management EPBs, River MIS for flood implementation and operation of QRMO warning and MIS forecasting EPB = environment protection bureau, MIS = Qihe River management information system, O&M = operations and maintenance, PIU = project implementation unit, PMO = project management office, QRMO = Qihe River Management Office, tbd = to be decided.

F. Public Consultation

Two rounds of public consultation were conducted during project preparation (Section VIII of the EIA). During construction, the project will continue public consultations and raising awareness of project activities, especially those which may impact the public such as noise or dust. The public consultation plan (Table EMP-7) includes public participation in evaluating environmental benefits and impacts. The PIUs are responsible for public participation. They will be supported by the PMO Environment and Social Officers and the LIEC.

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Table EMP-7: Public Consultation and Participation Plan Organizer Approach Times/Frequency Subjects Participants Construction PMO, PIUs, Questionnaire Once a year during Construction impacts; Workers, residents LIEC survey, site visits, peak construction adjusting mitigation in construction informal interviews measures if necessary; areas feedback Public workshops At least once during EMP implementation Residents, affected peak construction progress; construction persons, social impacts; adjusting sectors mitigation measures if necessary; feedback Operation PMO, PIU, Public consultation At least once in first Effects of mitigation Residents, affected operators of and site visits year of operation measures, impacts of persons adjacent project operation, feedback to project facilities facilities Public workshop As needed based on Effects of mitigation Residents, affected public consultation measures, impacts of persons, social operation, feedback sectors Public satisfaction At least once after Comments and Project survey one year of operation suggestions beneficiaries

G. Grievance Redress Mechanism

A project-specific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been established to receive and manage any public environmental and/or social issues which may arise due to the project. This complements the PRC’s national environmental complaint hotline (12369). The PMO and PIU Environment Officers and Social Officers will coordinate the GRM. All project agencies and staff will be trained in the GRM and will take an active role in supporting the GRM when necessary.

At the PMO level, the PMO Environment Officers and Social Officers will establish a GRM tracking and documentation system, conduct daily coordination with the PIU officers, arrange meetings and conduct site visits as necessary, maintain the overall project GRM database, and prepare the reporting inputs for progress reports to ADB. At the PIU level, the environment and social officers will instruct the contractors and CSCs on the GRM procedures, and coordinate with the county EPBs and other government divisions as necessary. PMO and PIU staff will be trained and supported by the LIEC.

The contact persons for different GRM entry points, such as the PMO and PIU Environmental Officers and Social Officers, contractors, operators of project facilities (OPFs), and county EPBs, will be identified prior to construction. The contact details for the entry points (phone numbers, addresses, e-mail addresses) will be publicly disclosed on information boards at construction sites and on the websites of the PMO and county EPBs.

Once a complaint is received and filed, the PMO and PIU officers will identify if complaints are eligible. Eligible complaints include those where (i) the complaint pertains to the project; and (ii) the issues arising in the complaint fall within the scope of environmental issues that the GRM is authorized to address. Ineligible complaints include those where: (i) the complaint is clearly not project-related; (ii) the nature of the issue is outside the mandate of the environmental GRM (such as issues related to resettlement, allegations of fraud or corruption); and (iii) other procedures are more appropriate to address the issue. Ineligible complaints will be recorded and passed to the relevant authorities, and the complainant will be informed of the decision and reasons for rejection. The procedure and timeframe for the GRM is as follows and also summarized in Figure EMP-1.

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• Stage 1 (5 days): If a concern arises during construction, the affected person may submit a written or oral complaint to the contractor. Whenever possible, the contractor will resolve the issue directly with the affected person. The contractor shall give a clear reply within five (5) working days. The contractor will keep the PIU fully informed at all stages.

• Stage 2 (5 days): If the issue cannot be resolved in Stage 1, after five days, the PIU and/or PMO will take over responsibility. Eligibility of the complaint will be assessed and a recommended solution given to the complainant and contractors within five (5) working days. If the solution is agreed by the complainant, the contractors and/or facility operators will implement the solution within seven days. Written records will be made of all stages and outcomes.

• Stage 3 (10 days): If no solution can be identified by the PMO and/or PIU, and/or the complainant is not satisfied with the proposed solution, the PMO and/or PIU will organize, within ten (10) days, a stakeholder meeting (including the complainant, contractor and/or operator of the facility, county EPB, PIU, PMO). A solution acceptable to all shall be identified including clear steps. The contractors (during construction) and facility operators (during operation) will immediately implement the agreed solution. Written records will be made of all stages and outcomes.

The GRM does not affect the right of an affected person to submit their complaints to any agency they wish to, for example the local village committee, community leaders, courts, PMO, PIU, and/or Asian Development Bank.

The PMO and PIUs shall bear any and all costs of implementing the GRM, including meeting, travel, and/or accommodation costs of the project staff or affected person. The GRM will be implemented throughout project construction and at least the first year of operation for each project facility.

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Affeted Persos Stage Solutio Coplait Coplait 5 days Ipleeted

Cotrator, CSC IA, loal EPB, illage oittee Reportig

Uresoled Coplait Forarded Stage PMO and PIU Environment 5 days and/or Social Officers (recording and coordination)

Uresoled Coplait Forarded Stakeholder Meetig PLG

Atio Pla Reportig y PMO to ADB Stage days Solutio Ipleeted ADB

Figure EMP-1: Grievance Redress Mechanism

H. Cost Estimates

The cost estimates for EMP implementation comprises mitigation measures (Table EMP-3); monitoring (Table EMP-4); training (Table EMP-6) and public consultation (Table EMP-7) and are summarized in Table EMP-8. The costs do not include: (i) detailed design revisions and adjustments; (ii) internal monitoring/inspection of solid wastes disposal, soil erosion and re-vegetation, occupational health and safety during construction, as this will be included in the construction supervision contracts; (iii) salaries of PMO and PIU staff; (iv) infrastructure costs related to environment and public health that are already included in the project direct costs; and (v) environmental mitigation measures cost during operation as it is covered by O&M budget. The cost is estimated based on information in the FSR, domestic EIAs and/or the experience of the PPTA team from other projects. All costs were discussed with the EIA Institute, PMO and IAs.

The total estimated cost for EMP implementation is CNY24.06 million (USD 3,425,500) (Table EMP-8). The estimated cost for the PMO is CNY 1,500,000 (6%) and for contractors is about CNY14,264,600 (94%).

Table EMP-8 Estimated Cost for EMP Implementation EMP Item Cost

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(CNY10,000) Mitigation Qihe River Wetland Conservation and Rehabilitation 519.6 measures Qihe River Mainstream Watercourse Improvement in Qi County 118.94 Implementation Four Tributary Watercourse Improvement in Qi County 106.24 during Five Canal Watercourse Improvement in Qibin District 147.99 construction Qibin District Wastewater Management 50.6 Qi County WWTP Expansion 63.9 Storm water and wastewater pipelines (named as Qibin District Urban 1,210 Environment Improvement after scope change), values in brackets covered the cost for newly added road component Construction of urban 15 domestic waste transfer stations and associated 39.02 facilities Subtotal 2,256.29 Environmental monitoring support by the LIEC 130 Public Consultation 10 Training 10 Total 2,406.29

I. Mechanisms for Feedback and Adjustment

Based on environmental inspection and monitoring reports, the PMO and PIUs shall decide, in consultation with the LIEC, whether (i) further mitigation measures are required as corrective actions, or (ii) some improvements are required for environmental management practices. The effectiveness of mitigation measures and monitoring plans will be evaluated by a feedback reporting system. Adjustment to the EMP will be made, if necessary. The PMO Environmental Officers will play a critical role in the feedback and adjustment mechanism.

If during inspection, substantial deviation from the EMP is observed or any changes are made to the project that may cause substantial adverse environmental impacts or increase the number of affected people, then the PMO and PIUs will immediately consult with ADB and form an environmental assessment team to conduct additional environmental assessment. If necessary, further public consultation will be undertaken. The revised domestic EIAs and project EIA, including this EMP, will be submitted to the ADB for review, appraisal, and public disclosure. The revised EMP will be passed to the contractors, CSCs and OPFs for implementation.

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APPENDIX 1. DRAFT TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POSITIONS

No changes was made with this appendix in this addendum IEE.

1. PMO ENVIRONMENT OFFICER

A. Background

Development projects supported by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) routinely include a project management office (PMO). The PMO is responsible for project implementation and comprises the provincial and/or municipal agencies involved in the project. Compliance with the loan and project agreements include implementation of an environment management plan (EMP), which is prepared as part of the project environment impact assessment. The EMP is the critical guiding document to manage, monitor, and report upon potential project environmental impacts. Implementation of the EMP is a full-time task. For this reason, the PMO assigns at least one full-time officer for this role. These terms of reference describe the requirements for this officer.

B. Scope and Duration of Work

The officer will work on behalf of the PMO to implement the project EMP. The officer will report directly to the PMO. The position is for the entire project duration (5 years).

C. Qualifications

1. The officer will have: (i) a bachelor’s degree or higher in environmental management or related field; (ii) at least 5 years of experience in environmental management, monitoring, and/or impact assessment; (iii) ability to communicate and work effectively with local communities, contractors, and government agencies; (iv) ability to analyze data and prepare technical reports; (v) willingness and health to regularly visit the project construction sites and in different seasons; and (vi) ideally, good spoken and written English.

D. Detailed Tasks

The officer will have a detailed understanding of the project EMP and supporting documents, including the domestic environmental reports, the project environmental impact assessment (EIA), and environmental assurances. The officer will have the following tasks.

(i) Assess whether the EMP requires updating due to any changes in project design, which may have occurred after the EMP was prepared. (ii) Distribute the Chinese language version of the EMP to all relevant agencies, including the implementing agencies, and provincial and municipal agencies for environment protection. This should occur at least 3 months before construction begins. (iii) Conduct meetings with agencies as necessary to ensure they understand their specific responsibilities described in the EMP. (iv) Ensure that relevant mitigation, monitoring, and reporting measures in the EMP are included in the bidding documents, contracts, and relevant construction plans. (v) Confirm that the implementing agencies responsible for the internal environment monitoring described in the EMP understand their tasks and will implement the monitoring in a timely fashion. (vi) At least 3 months before construction begins, establish and implement the project grievance redress mechanism (GRM) described in the EMP. This will include: (a) preparation of a simple table and budget identifying the type, number, and cost of materials needed to inform local communities about the GRM and starting dates and scope of construction; (b) design, prepare, and distribute these materials, and plan and

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conduct the community meetings; (c) prepare a form to record any public complaints; (d) preparation of a summary table to record all complaints, including dates, issues, and how they were resolved; and (e) ensure that all relevant agencies, including contractors, understand their role in the GRM. (vii) Prior to construction, ensure that the implementation agencies and their contractors have informed their personnel, including all construction workers, of the EMP requirements. This will include all mitigation measures relating to impacts to air, water, noise, soil, sensitive sites, ecological values, cultural values, worker and community health and safety, respectful behavior when communicating with local communities, and responding to and reporting any complaints. (viii) During project construction, make regular site visits with the loan implementation environment consultant (LIEC) to assess progress, meet with contractors and/or local communities, and assess compliance with the EMP. (ix) Ensure that all relevant agencies submit required progress reports and information, including environmental monitoring and reports of any issues or grievances. (x) Compile, review, and store environmental progress reports from the implementation agencies, records of any grievances, and any other relevant issues. Maintain digital copies of all information. When necessary, enter data into summary tables in digital format (e.g., to transfer records of grievances from hard copy forms). Ensure that all information is stored in the PMO filing system, backed up, and can be easily retrieved. (xi) Prepare semi-annual environment progress reports. (xii) Work closely with the PMO, implementation agencies, loan implementation consultants, and other agencies and personnel as necessary to conduct these tasks.

E. Reporting Requirements

Semi-annual environment monitoring reports using the template provided by ADB or a domestic format reviewed and approved by ADB.

F. Logistical Support Provided by the PMO to the Environment Officer

(i) Provision of hard and soft copies of the project EMP, domestic and project environmental reports, feasibility study reports, loan and project agreements, maps, and other supporting materials as necessary to ensure the officer can implement the tasks. (ii) Vehicle transport, office materials, and other logistical support, as necessary for the officer to visit the project construction sites and local communities, arrange and conduct meetings, and prepare and distribute consultation materials. (iii) Overall coordination, including review of the draft semi-annual monitoring reports, and final responsibility for submission of the monitoring reports to ADB.

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2. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION UNIT (PIU) ENVIRONMENT OFFICER

A. Background

The project will be coordinated by a PMO. Overall coordination of the project EMP is the responsibility of the PMO Environment Officer. At the field level, implementation of the EMP will be undertaken by the project implementation office (PIU) in each district or county. For this purpose, the PIUs each require a PIU Environment Officer. There will be one PIU Environment Officer per PIU i.e. nine officers.

B. Scope and Duration of Work

The officer will work on behalf of the PIU for daily site-level implementation of the project EMP. The officer will report directly to the PIU manager and work closely with the county environment protection bureau (EPB), environment monitoring agency (EMA), and PMO Environment Officer. The position is for the entire project duration (5 years).

C. Qualifications

The officer will have: (i) a bachelor’s degree or higher in environmental management or related field; (ii) at least 5 years of experience in environmental management, monitoring, and/or impact assessment; (iii) ability to communicate and work effectively with local communities, contractors, and government agencies; (iv) ability to analyze data and prepare technical reports; (v) willingness and health to regularly visit the project construction sites and in different seasons; and (vi) ideally, proficiency in spoken and written English.

D. Detailed Tasks

The PIU Environment Officers will have a detailed understanding of the project EMP and supporting documents, including the domestic environmental reports, project EIA, and project environmental assurances. The officer will have the following tasks.

(i) Work closely with the PMO Environment Officer, EPB, EMA, contractors, construction supervision companies, and all other relevant agencies to implement the EMP. (ii) Distribute the Chinese language version of the EMP to all relevant agencies, including the implementing agencies, provincial and municipal agencies for environment protection. This should occur at least 3 months before construction begins. (iii) Conduct meetings with agencies as necessary to ensure they understand their specific responsibilities described in the EMP. (iv) Ensure that contractors implement the relevant mitigation measures in the EMP. (v) Implement the monitoring and reporting requirements in the EMP, including timely submission of progress reports to the PIUs and PMO Environment Officer. (vi) Implement the project GRM. (vii) Make regular inspections of construction sites to assess progress, meet with contractors and/or local communities, and assess compliance with the EMP. (viii) Maintain digital records of all progress and information. (ix) Support the PMO Environment Officer in all of their tasks.

E. Reporting Requirements

Monthly reports to the PIU and PMO Environment Officer.

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3. LOAN IMPLEMENTATION ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT

A. Background

The project will be coordinated by a PMO, whose overall responsibility includes implementation of the project EMP. At the field level, the project will be implemented by nine PIUs in each of the project counties and districts. The PMO and PIUs will be assisted by a loan implementation consultant team. The loan implementation environmental consultant (LIEC) will be a part of this team and will support the PMO and PIUs to implement the project EMP.

B. Scope and Duration of Work

This position could be a firm or an individual engaged by the PMO. It is an independent position. It is not part of the PMO in-house environmental team or the implementing agencies. The specialist will report directly to the PMO. The position is for 12 person-months over the entire project duration (5 years). The LIEC should be recruited as soon as possible after loan effectiveness, as the first task is to confirm project environmental readiness.

C. Qualifications

The specialist will have: (i) a bachelor’s degree or higher in environmental management or related field; (ii) at least 8 years of experience in environmental management, monitoring, and/or impact assessment; (iii) familiarity with ADB project management requirements and national environmental management procedures; (iv) ability to communicate and work effectively with local communities, contractors, and government agencies; (v) ability to analyze data and prepare technical reports; (vi) willingness and health to regularly visit the subproject sites; and (vii) proficiency in spoken and written English.

D. Tasks

Working closely with the PMO and PIU environmental officers, the LIEC will do the following.

Before construction:

(i) Ensure project environmental readiness, including: (i) all contractor contracts include, and will comply with, the EMP; and (iii) relevant sections of the EMP are incorporated in construction plans and contracts. (ii) Assist the PMO and PIUs to implement the GRM, including: (i) establish and publicize the GRM; and (ii) collate and evaluate grievances received. (iii) Develop procedures to: (i) monitor EMP implementation progress; (ii) collate and evaluate data collected in the EMP environmental monitoring program; and (iii) prepare and submit the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to ADB (to continue until project completion report). (iv) Undertake training of project agencies as required by the EMP training plan. (v) Provide hands-on support and on-the-job training to the PMO, implementing agencies, and contractors on the specific requirements of the EMP as required.

During project implementation:

(i) Undertake site visits to all implementing agencies during subproject construction and operating phase. (ii) Assist in the ongoing public consultation process as described in the project EIA.

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(iii) Conduct EMP compliance assessments, identify any environment-related implementation issues, and propose necessary responses in corrective action plans. (iv) Undertake training of project agencies as required by the EMP training plan. (v) Assist the PMO to prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring progress reports for submission to ADB.

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4. WETLAND ECOLOGIST

E. Background

The project will be coordinated by a PMO, whose overall responsibility includes implementation of the project EMP. At the field level, the project will be implemented by nine PIUs in each of the project counties and districts. The PMO and PIUs will be assisted by a loan implementation consultant team. The wetland ecologist will be a part of this team and will support the PMO and PIUs to implement the project wetland activities, focusing on the pilot Qihe River National Wetland Park (NWP).

F. Scope and Duration of Work

This position could be a firm or an individual engaged by the PMO. It is an independent position. It is not part of the PMO in-house environmental team or the implementing agencies. The specialist will report to the PMO. The position is for 20 person-months over the entire project duration (5 years). The specialist should be recruited as soon as possible after loan effectiveness, as the first tasks include review of the detailed wetland designs.

G. Qualifications

The specialist will have: (i) a master’s degree and/or equivalent experience in wetland ecology and management; (ii) at least 10 years work experience in wetland ecology, research, including wetland flora and/or fauna, wetland design, and the ecological impacts and management of river dredging and embankment; (iii) demonstrated experience in the preparation of wetland management plans; (iv) detailed knowledge and understanding of national regulations, policies, and requirements for wetland management in the People’s Republic of China; and (v) ideally, proficiency in spoken and written English.

H. Tasks

Working closely with the PMO and PIU environmental officers, design institutes, other loan implementation consultants, river guards, and other stakeholders as relevant, the specialist will do the following.

Before construction:

(i) Work with the design institutes to prepare the detailed project designs for the NWP, including: location, extent and design of the wetland habitats, management services, access roads, fencing, and signs; and, avoidance of sensitive sites. (ii) In particular, minimize the bank-side excavation for the establishment of deep pools and ensure the timing of this activity is restricted to the peak dry and time of lowest and slowest flows. (iii) Train the project agencies, including PMO and PIU Environment Officers, contractors, and construction supervision companies, on staff protocols while working in the wetlands (e.g. workers prohibited to catch wild animals, what to do if an injured animal is found etc) as required by the EMP training plan. (iv) Support the tasks of the loan implementation environmental consultant as relevant for preparatory activities for the project environment management plan.

During project implementation:

(v) Provide hands-on support and on-the-job training to the PMO, forestry bureaus, river guards, and other relevant agencies for wetland management and monitoring

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for the NWP. The aim of the training is to enable these agencies to effectively manage the NWP and project facilities after project completion. (vi) Conduct pre- and post-training capacity assessments (at the beginning and end of the project) to assess stakeholder capacity for wetland management. (vii) Prepare training topics and materials tailored to the capacity and needs of local agencies and the specific objectives for management of the NWP i.e. ecological conservation, restoration of wetland habitats, and sustainable use for recreation and public education. (viii) Facilitate the participatory establishment of a management agency for the NWP. This may include: assisting the relevant bureaus of the Hebi City Government (HCG) to identify roles, tasks, and specific steps; drafting the roles and responsibilities of each agency; drafting the overall guiding charter for the management agency. (ix) Lead the preparation of the first five-year management plan for the NWP. This will be based on the NWP Master Plan (2011–2020) and describe, for the first five years: specific objectives; measurable (quantitative- and time-based) targets for capacity building, ecological values, tourism, and management; roles and responsibilities of all relevant stakeholders; operation and maintenance of facilities in the park, including the project-supported facilities; and financing arrangements for operation and maintenance. (x) With the ecological monitoring specialist, develop specific wetland ecological targets for the NWP, including (but not limited to): recovery of the Wild Soy and Qihe River Crucian Carp populations; seasonal counts of migratory waterbirds; and, survival and health of the seven types of wetland habitats and vegetation restored by the project. (xi) Identify the potential for: (a) expanding the role of the community river guards in management of the NWP; (b) new partnerships to support the NWP management, including with academic institutions in Henan Province or elsewhere. (xii) Circulate drafts of the management plan, organize and facilitate stakeholder consultation meetings to discuss the draft plan, and ensure that comments are addressed. (xiii) Support the tasks of the loan implementation environmental consultant as relevant for implementation of the project environment management plan involving project wetland activities. (xiv) Deliverables: (i) a final-draft five-year management plan for the NWP, which is ready for submission to the HCG for final review and official approval; (ii) a final report, describing the work of the specialist, lessons learned, and recommendation for follow-up. (xv) Timelines: the final draft five-year management plan shall be submitted to the HCG no later than by the end of the second year of the project. This will give the specialist sufficient time to prepare the plan and remain working on the project while the plan is officially approved.

5. ECOLOGICAL MONITORING SPECIALIST

I. Background

The project will be coordinated by a PMO, whose overall responsibility includes implementation of the project EMP. At the field level, the project will be implemented by nine PIUs in each of the project counties and districts. The PMO and PIUs will be assisted by a loan implementation consultant team. The ecological monitoring specialist will be a part of this team and will support the Hebi City Government (HCG), through the PMO and PIUs, to develop and implement a long-term ecological monitoring program for the Qihe River in Hebi City.

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J. Scope and Duration of Work

This position could be a firm or an individual engaged by the PMO. It is an independent position. It is not part of the PMO in-house environmental team or the implementing agencies. The specialist will report to the PMO. The position is for 28 person-months over the entire project duration (5 years). The specialist should be recruited as soon as possible after loan effectiveness, to enable an early start to ecological monitoring.

K. Qualifications

The specialist will have: (i) a master’s degree and/or related discipline in ecology; (ii) at least 10 years applied experience in the design of ecological monitoring programs for flora and/or fauna, including statistical design and software programs, data entry, analysis, and reporting; (iii) applied research and management experience in biodiversity conservation, including expertise in at least one area of wetland ecology, e.g. fish, wetland vegetation, and/or waterbirds; and (iv) ideally, proficiency in spoken and written English.

L. Tasks

Working closely with the PMO and PIU environmental officers, design institutes, wetland ecologist and other loan implementation consultants, and other stakeholders as relevant, the specialist will do the following.

(i) Clarify and establish the specific objectives of the long-term ecological monitoring program, including: (a) to measure the ecological health of the Qihe River in Hebi City; and (b) to measure progress of the project activities for wetland conservation and species protection in the pilot Qihe River National Wetland Park (NWP). (ii) Identify the specific variables to be monitored, which may include: (a) within the NWP – Qihe River Crucian Carp, Wild Soybean, migratory waterbirds, wetland vegetation restored by the project; (b) Qihe River in the entire project area – water quality, hydrology. (iii) Describe existing HCG activities and arrangements for ecological and hydrological monitoring along the Qihe River, including within the NWP, including the locations of existing hydrological monitoring stations. (iv) For parameters which are already subject to some monitoring (e.g. water quality, hydrology), assess current strengths, weaknesses and opportunities. If existing arrangements are sufficient for the program objectives, assess and facilitate the integration of these into the program (or vice versa). (v) For new and/or existing parameters, develop the monitoring methods, frequency, training needs, and equipment. (vi) Work with the wetland ecologist to identify and design the parameters for the NWP. (vii) Design the monitoring program and methods for each parameter to be: (a) as simple as possible; and (b) requiring as little specialist equipment as possible. (viii) Prepare field data collection template forms for each parameter. (ix) Prepare a series of specific, simple, and direct questions to be answered by the results of long-term monitoring. These will help guide implementing agencies to prepare progress reports based on the monitoring data. (x) Work with the HCG agencies that are developing the Qihe River Management Information System (MIS) to be established by the project, in order to: (a) ensure that data is collected in a format that can be entered into the MIS; and (b) develop simple pre-programmed questions or analyses to assist analyses and preparation of progress reports. (xi) Prepare a user manual which describes all steps in the program, including procedures for field monitoring of each parameter, specific agencies assigned to

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each task, roles and responsibilities, data collection, data entry to the MIS, data analyses, and the preparation of progress reports. (xii) Pilot the monitoring program with all relevant agencies, including data collection, entry, analyses, and reporting. (xiii) Support the implementation of at least the first six months of the monitoring program. (xiv) For all tasks, include stakeholder consultations as needed to ensure strong inter- agency support and participation for the program. (xv) Support the tasks of the loan implementation environmental consultant for implementation of the project environment management plan involving ecological monitoring and other works as relevant. (xvi) Deliverables: (i) a final report, which includes (a) final draft long-term ecological monitoring program, (b) user manual, (c) description of all activities, lessons learned, and recommendation for follow-up. (xvii) Timelines: the program and user manual shall be completed within the first year of project implementation. This will give the specialist sufficient time to lead the piloting and at least first six months implementation of the program.

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APPENDIX EMP-2. ECOLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM – GUIDING NOTES

Slight change was made to this appendix by adding more monitoring sites for new subproject.

The project will establish a long-term ecological monitoring program for the Qihe River within Hebi City, including the pilot Qihe River National Wetland Park (NWP). An ecological monitoring specialist will be recruited as part of the loan implementation consulting services to support the design, piloting, and implementation of the program. The objectives of the program and tasks of the specialist are described in the terms of reference in Appendix EMP- 1. It is anticipated that the program will include monitoring of: (i) vegetation restoration in the barren hills and NWP by the project; (ii) population monitoring for a small number of threatened species e.g. Qihe River Crucian Carp, Wild Soybean, and key communities such as migratory waterbirds. This appendix provides guiding notes to assist the design of the program.

Revegetation in Barren hills, south bank of Qihe River, Fu Mountain ecological reserve and Panshitou Reservoir. The original 19 barren hills in the project and the newly added barren hills in Panshitou Reservoir area have been divided into four types (see PPTA Supplementary Document 1). Monitoring could be conducted at one hill from each type, with two survey locations (one south facing and one north facing) identified at each hill. Monitoring could be conducted two times every year (May and August) during the construction phase and once a year (August) in the operation phase. Fieldwork would comprise surveying a 20x30 m quadrat, including record of relative frequency/coverage of each species, measuring height and diameter of trees in the sampling area, and taking representative photos of different species.

Wetland restoration component. For the wetland restoration component, ten locations (1x1 m) are suggested for monitoring: four for aquatic area (including two in constructed wetland parks), four for riparian buffer strips (including two at south bank of Qihe River, and two for the river bank.

Data could be recorded using a table similar to Table 1 below.

Table 1: Vegetation Monitoring Record Table Species name Habitat Height Diameter Protection Status Exotic/ Native (tree/shrub/herb) Species1 Species2 Species3 Etc.

Migratory waterbirds along the Qihe River, including the pilot NWP. For this program, “waterbirds” could be defined as ducks, geese, storks, and herons. Point counts should be conducted three times a year: once in the winter, once in the early summer, and once in the peak autumn migration season. Survey route should follow along the bank of the Qihe River (from Panshitou Reservoir to the confluence of Qihe River with Wei river), with point counts undertaken approximately 5km apart. Within the pilot NWP, point counts should be selected at 1 km intervals. All waterbirds heard or observed should be recorded at each point count location, as well as the following information: date, GPS location, weather condition, and habitat description. Any notable behavior (e.g., roosting, nesting) should also be recorded.

Fish. Species and/or communities for monitoring should be selected. At the least, Qihe River Crucian Carp, a key species of the Qihe River, should be included in the program. Monitoring methods will need to be tailored to the species and/or communities selected. In general, the methods might include: (i) monitoring once a year (in the autumn) at three to five sampling sites in the upper, middle, and down-stream sections of the Qi; (ii) fish sampled could be by netting and/or non-lethal electro-fishing. Records should be made of the species, relative

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abundance and sex ratio of fish recorded; (iii) at each site, general habitat condition and water quality parameters should also be monitored, including temperature, speed, depth, sediment type, dissolved oxygen, pH, water transparency, and electrical conductivity. Survey staff should carry out interviews with local residents, fishing management department, and fisherman to collect the fishing data along the Qihe River.

Table 2. Sample Fish Monitoring Record Table Site No. Survey time Investigators Fishing Total fishing method catch / kg Composition information Common Scientific Numbers Body weight Body length Index of Sex ratio name name gonad

Aquatic Invertebrates. Aquatic invertebrates could be sampled at the same 12 locations described shown in section IV of this report. At each site, it is suggested two hand screen samples are collected. Kick samples (whereby an aquatic net is positioned in the water at arms' length downstream and the stream bottom is disturbed by foot, so that the dislodged invertebrates are carried into the net) should be collected from fast-water habitats. Dip-net samples (whereby an aquatic net is pushed through vegetation and sediments) should be collected from slow water habitats (especially bank areas). Each kick-sample should cover an area of at least one square meter, and each dip-net sample should be taken from about 10- 20m of pool and bank habitat. These four samples would be supplemented by “visual” collections for a period of 10-20 minutes per site. A total of at least 100 organisms is recommended, if fewer than 100 specimens are sampled, additional kick-net, dip-net, and visual samples should be taken.

The net contents are emptied into a pan of stream water. Larger rocks, sticks, and plants may be removed from the sample if invertebrates are first removed from them. The contents of the pan are poured into a sieve to remove smaller organisms and debris. The sample is then transferred to a bottle and preserved by adding 95% ethyl alcohol. Samples can then be sorted in the laboratory, and specimens identified using a stereo-microscope. To maintain taxonomic-level consistency, organisms should be identified to as lowest level as possible. Specimens too immature to identify with confidence to the taxonomic level in references should be discarded.

Table 3. Aquatic Invertebrates Monitoring Record Table

Name of Sample Site Site No. Collected by Sampler Type Sorted by Collection Card No. Analyst Date Collected Ephemeroptera Megaloptera

Crustacea Plecoptera Oligochaeta

Diptera

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Trichoptera

Odonata

Mollusca Coleoptera Other

Total No. Organisms Diversity Index (H’) Species richness Percent Model Affinity EPT richness Notes:

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