19090 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 24, 1990 EXTENSION OF REMARKS COUNTRY MUSIC'S FAITHFUL Fan Fair in Nashville last month. They were "It's the 'Green, Green Grass of Home,' " FOLLOWERS among the 24,000 performers, fans, promot­ Cotton says, citing the title of his favorite ers, managers, disc jockeys and roadies who cut. "It's going back home. We'll never be attended the up-close, down-home fan ap­ able to. None of us will. But we try to re­ HON. BOB CLEMENT preciation week. member the times as great.'' OF TENNESSEE The event, sponsored by the Grand Ole "It's music for the people, everyday IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Opry and the Country Music Association people," says Roy Wakely, a disc jockey in Tuesday, July 24, 1990 and held at the Tennessee Fairgrounds, in­ Dayton, Ohio. "People can relate to it in the cluded 13 shows featuring more than 90 way they live their lives: their love affairs, Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Speaker, as the Repre­ acts-among them Randy Travis, Waylon their ups and downs, their jobs, the hard sentative of "Music City, U.S.A." I am pleased Jennings, the Judds, Charley Pride and times and the good times and the bad to share with my colleagues an article which Charlie Daniels. Seven buildings housed times.'' appeared in today's Washington Post. more than 260 exhibit booths, mostly "When you're down and out," says Mi­ manned by fan club organizers. And many chael Powell, of Michigan and a member of The article describes some of the feelings stars hosted breakfasts, luncheons and bar­ country singer Gary Morris's fan club, "you evident among country music fans at this becues for their faithful followers. can listen to the music and say, 'Hey, I'm year's "Fan Fair," the week-long celebration Loretta Lynn headlined a 14-act dinner not alone. There's other people out there, in Nashville, TN, where country music artists show sponsored by the International Fan maybe not in the same boat I am, but close thank fans for their support and appreciation. Club Organization, a group founded by Lou­ enough. And they're making it. So I can Mr. Speaker, country music holds a special dilla Johnson of Wild Horse, Colo., and her make it too.' " attraction for people everywhere. It is a very sisters Kay and Loretta. Johnson says it was That's the key, says Jim Ibbotson of the unique form of American music, whose her idea for "some kind of party for all the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, whose favorite self­ fan club people" that led to the first Fan penned lyric is: "Dance, little Jean, this day themes, melodies, and lyrics capture the very Fair. is for you, two people you love stood up to heart and soul of everyday living. As the arti­ "We envisioned it was going to be this say, 'I do,' Today your mama's marrying cle describes, for many fans, country's words huge success," Johnson says, "because we your dad.'' and music carry them through the pain of hard had worked with fans of country music "We write songs that deal with the events times to a place of hope and greater under­ enough to know that if the artist would of our lives," Ibbotson says, "and we present standing. devote the time, the fans would be there to them in an easy-to-swallow melody. It's I am very proud that Nashville is the center support them.'' nothing real challenging for anybody to of the country music industry. And I am very Number among them Julie Sbraccia of listen to. Plus, if the song is any good, it will Boston, who attended her first Fan Fair this touch a chord inside the listener. I think proud of the artists, who not only capture in year. "It's just something I thought I really that's why most people tune in day after their music the feelings of us all, but who also should do, even just once," Sbraccia says. day,' 'cause they find out that somebody remember that the source of their personal "So many stars participate and they stand else hurts as much as they hurt or felt as success is the fan. behind their fan club booths and talk to elated as they felt.'' I commend the Washington Post article to you. You can actually walk up to someone In other words, country music is about my colleagues: you eally admire, meet them, shake their "real people in real situations in a real [From the Washington Post, July 24, 19901 hand. In rock-and-roll, I don't think you'll world,'' says Jim London, co-host of the ever see something like this.'' morning show on country music radio COUNTRY'S FAITHFUL FOLLOWERS For Sbraccia, and fans like her, it's all WMZQ-AM/FM <1390/98.7), the area's , among story, but it's close enough for me to say: country music career, recounts the song, "It them President Bush, who listen to country 'Gee, I hadn't thought about telling my Should Be Easier Now," in which Price music. story in those words, but I can really sings: "The wound in my heart you carved The misconception is that country music relate.'" deep and wide, followed and washed by the "is hayseed, but it's not," says Ronald This innate need for identification, for tears I've cried, but now there'll be more Cotton, a concert promoter. "And it's not connection, magnifies in times of trouble. room for love inside, it should be easier the 'Hee Haw' you see on television.'' "We listen to music all the time, even just now." The stereotype is "twangy and hillbilly," walking around the mall, but we're not Those words, Daniels says, "gave me a says Lucy Grant, a Cleveland disc jockey always feeling that particular need for sup­ light at the end of the tunnel. Here I'm 19 who grew up in Bethesda, "And it's so much port,'' Hammer says. "But when I'm experi­ years old, and this is my first love, my true more contemporary now, with kind of a rock encing a loss, I'm more heightened to words love, and I don't think there will ever be feel to it. It has a lot more mass appeal.'' from anywhere. I'm not claiming country anybody else that could even compare. And Country music "is everybody from k.d. music is always artistic. But if it's in a form all of a sudden this song is telling me: 'Hang lang to Hank Williams Jr., with the Ken­ that can reach past some of our usual on. Just hang on.' It carried me through.'' tucky Headhunters somewhere in between. blocks, then we'll feel supported. We'll iden­ And that, country music fans say, is coun­ Now you define that," says singer Larry tify with the words." try's draw: The words and the music carry Gatlin. "You can't. It's impossible. And it Some people make the connection them through the pain to a place of hope isn't important.'' through other forms of artistic expression: and greater understanding. What is important Gatlin says, is what an opera, a rock song, a poem, a painting, a At least this was the consensus of dozens country stands for in the minds of those on dance. To focus on country is to "take a of country music lovers interviewed at the both sides of the jukebox. And there, some piece of Americana to show some very 19th annual International Country Music common themes emerge. common, ordinary traits that happen to do

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. July 24, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19091 with being human," says Esco McBay, a "If you're gonna throw stones and put on good job and a family. But that's me, Garth family therapist in Nashville. "They're an act, you better move out of your house Brooks, if I would have pushed it. He's lived simply being expressed in this particular made of glass." the life for me, and I'm staying home with way in this particular setting. Those lyrics come from "It Takes One to my safe and secure job with my family.' "Obviously, behind every piece of art Know One," a song about a woman who People think like that.'' there is a person who expresses that leaves her man because he's been cheating, thought or feeling," McBay says. "The which "is kind of typical country," says music, then the song, becomes a connecting songwriter and singer Robbin Linda Brown, link between that person and the receiver. 34. Brown says while she has "a knack for And so when I respond to that message, rhyming and timing," she "had to live· some when I respond to that song, at some level life" to give heart to her songs. "I had to I'm connecting to that person." hurt a little." In today's "society of strangers," he says, "I've looked to the stars, tried all of the "you see it even more. We're looking for a bars, and I've nearly gone up in smoke. Now JOHN G. RANGOS, RECIPIENT OF person to connect with, a person who under­ my hand's on the wheel of something that's THE 1991 NATIONAL PATRIOTS stands us." real and I feel like I'm goin' home."-From AWARD FROM THE CONGRES­ Garth Brooks, one of those people, found "Hands on the Wheel" by Willie Nelson SIONAL MEDAL OF HONOR SO­ at Fan Fair a connection to the "real This theme of going home is a staple of CIETY people" country music attracts. country music. "It's people who have started with noth­ "We wouldn't need to go back to child­ ing and built it," says Brooks, 26, whose hood if our childhood were so perfect that it HON. DOUG WALGREN debut album went gold in May. "They're prepared us for everything that life was OF PENNSYLVANIA chasing their dream, you've chased yours. going to give us. And so there are some They've given you your dream and now it's gaps," says family therapist Hammer. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES time to give something back." For some people, he adds, a country music Tuesday, July 24, 1990 Fan and star alike feel bonded by the song provides "a retreat to a place where values and memories they hold most dear. things were more secure. And there may be Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, I want to pay Fans talk about the stars almost as friends. some things we would like to go back and special tribute to John G. Ranges, Sr., a Pitts­ Stars talk of fans who work hard, take pride experience because we'd like to have some burgh resident who has just been named the in their families, believe in America and more out of those experiences." recipient of the Congressional Medal of Honor make it possible for the stars t o live their Such was the case for Ruth B. Swift of Society's National Patriots Award. dreams. And each sees in the ot·1er a reflec­ Baltimore, who was reminded at Fan Fair of tion of himself. good times with her father. It is a unique honor for western Pennsylva­ "Hey, I slop hogs, I shovel horse manure "He was a balladeer," Swift says, "and I nia to claim John Ranges as one of our own. and I change diapers," says Pam Perry, remember as a child growing up, Daddy In announcing his designation last week, J. El­ singer and mandolin player for Wild Rose, taking us to see a lot of the old performers." liott Williams, the society's president, called an all-woman band. "I know what that part While walking the grounds at Fan Fair, the of life is about." Mr. Ranges "a citizen patriot." Few words de­ sound of country in the air, Swift says, the scribe him better. "It hasn't been that long that I remembr memories washed over her, "and I looked at being a fan, wanting to meet somebody," my sister and said: 'Wouldn't Daddy love The Patriots Award honors outstanding adds Kathy Mac, bass player for Wild Rose. this?" Americans, and John Ranges is certainly in "It's the American dream. It really is. Be­ "And so it's personal," she says of her at­ that category. And it is fitting that proceeds cause you've seen somebody come from traction to country music, tears welling in from the awards dinner next January honoring humble beginnings and suddenly become her eyes. "It's personal." popular, and people want to meet them and Mr. Ranges will be used to educate young they want to be around them. To people FOR FANS, 30 SECONDS OF HEAVEN people against drug abuse and to provide who are trying to get ahead in this world, scholarships for the children of veterans. He that give them hope." Ann Scalise of Brentwood, Tenn., had one and his Pittsburgh-based company, Chambers It's a matter of "taking courage in our goal in mind: to get Randy Travis's auto­ graph to give to her mentally retarded Development, are well-known in western own lives by the examples of others," Pennsylvania for their community involvement McBay says. "The way that I can relate to sister. that is the mentor concept. Most people de­ "I know why I do it," she said in her fifth and leadership. velop mentors ... people who . . . in a sense hour in line for the autograph at Fan Fair I am delighted to salute John Ranges on become a model." in Nashville last month. "But I don't know this special recognition and am pleased to Wendell Cox, lead guitarist for the Travis why people come and stand in these incredi­ share with my colleagues a brief profile of Mr. Tritt band, sees that with "I'm Gonna Be ble lines for less than 30 seconds in front of this guy. I guess it's their one moment of Ranges issued by the Congressional Medal of Somebody," a song the band sings "about Honor Society. this guy" everybody looks down on "so he glory. If they can't get famous, they're wants to make something of himself." going to get close to somebody who is." JOHN G. RANGOS, SR., PRESIDENT AND CEO, And "most teenagers go through a hard "Oh, it's worth it, just to get to meet CHAMBERS DEVELOPMENT Co., INC. time," he adds. "You get depressed or think them," says Sherry Hunt of Greenfield. about suicide and things like that. I think Ohio, who waited hours at Loretta Lynn's John G. Rangos, Sr., is a visionary. this song would probably give them a little fan club booth. "It's like being a part of Throughout his lifetime he has identified bit different view of things and maybe help their world for a little while." the needs of people and then set forth to them to go for it, some kind of goal to have An autograph, says Esco McBay, a family fulfill those needs. Whether serving as a in mind, instead of sitting back and being therapist in Nashville, is evidence of that corporate executive or as a humanitarian depressed." contact, "reminders of a moment, a piece of Mr. Ranges looks to the future. To tell a story that inspires, enlightens or time." As president and chief executive officer of entertains, someone needs to put pen to Says Tommy Daniel, who researches fan Chambers Development Company, Incorpo­ paper. And that's when country comes alive. attraction for the Country Music Associa­ rated, Mr. Rangos directs the activities of "Our lives are better left to chance, I could tion: "It's like they [entertainers] live a life one of the fastest growing environmental have missed the pain, but I'd have had to that's different from me, and I want to get firms in the United States. The once local miss the dance." close to them, to touch them, even if it's company, which he founded in 1971, went Those words, from a Garth Brooks song, just for a moment." public in 1985 and has grown to become a "The Dance," written by Tony Arata, de­ Dozens of fans interviewed in Nashville powerhouse with operations in numerous scribe a dance "shared underneath the stars say they see in the stars living proof that states. above" that for a moment made the world "real" and "down-home" people can, with Chambers Development Company is na­ right. But the dance ends and the romance sacrifice, humility, faith and hard work, tionally recognized as a leading environmen­ fades, and the song, says Janet Williams of overcome formidable odds. And many fans tal firm offering services in collection, haul­ Nashville, begs the greater question: "If you see in the stars a realization of the dreams ing, recycling and landfill development. The knew something was gonna hurt and break they treasure. company has compiled an outstanding your heart and be painful, would you avoid "Everybody thinks they can sing to a cer­ record of service, environmental protection it? If you did, then you'd never know the tain extent," says Roy Wakely, a disc jockey and cost effectiveness. The company also sweet part, the good things, the pleasure. in Dayton, Ohio. "They think: 'I can be a provides security through its wholly owned And so the pleasure is worth the pain" singer, but I don't want to because I've got a subsidiary, Security Bureau Incorporated. 19092 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 24, 1990 The son of a Greek restaurant owner, Mr. RULE ON H.R. 1154, THE SEMI­ their head. Before Mrs. Ziedman came into Rangos was born in West Virginia and AUTOMATIC ASSAULT WEAPON their lives in 1944, many of them only raised in Pittsburgh. Throughout his life he IMPORT CONTROL ACT OF 1990 wanted to die. has been active in many community and Mrs. Z is not the stereotype people have church activities. In 1988 Mr. Rangos was of a person over 78 years old. No one ever elected an Archon of the Ecumenical Patri­ HON. DAN ROSTENKOWSKI believes she is over 78. She doesn't look over archate of the Order of St. Andrew the OF ILLINOIS 65 and has the energy of a person who is Apostle, the highest order of laymen in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES only 35. Greek Orthodox Church. Personally and President Reagan awarded her a commen­ professionally he has remained steadfastly Tuesday, July 24, 1990 dation letter in 1988 for her dedicated vol­ committed to a guiding principle: children Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Speaker, I wish unteer work and for service to her country. are the future. to serve notice to my colleagues that, pursu­ The Veterans Administration has presented With that in mind Mr. Rangos has gener­ ant to the rules of the Democratic Caucus, I her with its highest honors. The Paralyzed ously supported a number of charities have been instructed by the Committee on Veterans of America has also honored her with numerous awards for helping their whose missions are to add value to life. Chil­ Ways and Means to seek less than an open members. dren's Hospital of Pittsburgh is proud to be rule for the consideration by the House of Florence Ziedman has made over a half a one of the recipients of Mr. Rangos' gener­ Representatives of H.R. 1154, the Semiauto­ million bedside visits in the 45 years she has osity. Mr. Rangos has a lengthy history of matic Assault Weapon Import Control Act of been talking with and counseling spinal cord supports with Children's dating back to the 1990. injured veterans. Her thousands of hours of early 70's. volunteer work have saved the federal gov­ Over the years Mr. Rangos' involvement ernment over 100 thousand dollars in salary with Children's Hospital increased. In 1987 IN HONOR OF FLORENCE ZIED- that would have been paid to a therapist Mr. Rangos and the employees of Chambers MAN: AN EXTRAORDINARY doing similar work. In addition, Mrs. z has Development instituted an annual recycling VOLUNTEER secured over a quarter of a million dollars in campaign. Proceeds were donated to the donations for the hospital and its patients hospital's Free Care Fund. In 1989 Mr. during her years of volunteer work. HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER Her commitment to the paralyzed veter­ Rangos launched the Cruise for Kids, a one­ OF ILLINOIS night fund-raising event held aboard the ans and her country can be comprehended Gateway Clipper Fleet's Majestic. In its IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES through statistics describing the value of first year the event raised over $150,000, and Tuesday, July 24, 1990 her service. Mrs. Ziedman has driven 187 in June 1990 the Cruise raised $200,000. thousand miles from her home to Hines VA Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker. recently Presi­ Hospital, and has made this trip twice a A member of the Pittsburgh Press Old dent Bush named one of my constituents, week in all kinds of weather. Her fuel bill Newsboys, Mr. Rangos earned the distinc­ Mrs. Florence Ziedman of Buffalo Grove, IL, over the years has been $6,522 for 9,360 gal­ tion of becoming the largest contributing as his 197th "Daily Point of Light" volunteer. lons of gasoline. Old Newsboy in his first year with the cam­ The President and Mrs. Bush, as well as When most people her age retire to a paign. President Reagan before him, have been so rocking chair and watch television, Mrs. However, Mr. Rangos' most evident dis­ impressed with Mrs. Ziedman's contributions Ziedman is still driving down Interstate 294 play of his vision for the future came in the on her way to Hines Hospital to help the that they have both honored her with official people she loves to help the most . . . the form of his contribution to the hospital's recognition. Anyone who knows about "Mrs. StarBright Centennial Research Endow­ veterans who need her so much. ment Campaign, Mr. Rangos' gift of $3 mil­ Z" would be equally impressed, and I am In 1944, hospital troop trains were bring­ lion set the pact for the future of the hospi­ proud to represent a congressional district ing hundreds of World War II injured to tal's $22 million campaign. Through his gen­ that includes an individual of her caliber. Hines every day. Twice a week, for 52 weeks, erosity Mr. Rangos has endowed the Rangos Although she is in the age category we Florence tried to reach these patients as she Research Center, certain to be the home of refer to as "senior citizen," Florence Ziedman walked the floors of the wards for hours on future breakthroughs in pediatric research. has energy and enthusiasm for life that would end. She smiled at them and offered to help be the envy of a teenager. For over 45 years, them in any way she could. For one whole He also significantly contributes to United year, no patient ever smiled back. No pa­ Cerebral Palsy, Muscular Dystrophy and she has volunteered at Edward Hines Veter­ tient even recognized her. They pulled the the Leukemia Society in addition to other ans' Administration Hospital in Maywood, IL, covers over their heads when she walked by. charitable organizations. He is an active assisting in the rehabilitation of spinal cord in­ They refused to face her. They looked the member of The Allegheny Club, the Pitts­ jured veterans who are paralyzed. For many other way when she smiled at them. They burgh Press Club, the Truman Library of these veterans, she has been heaven-sent, did not want people to see their horrible Foundation, the International Platform As­ leading them out of the depths of despair and physical condition. They did not want to see sociation, the University of Pittsburgh giving them the will to live. I would like to it themselves. The last thing they wanted Golden Panther and the Churchill Valley share a moving description of Florence Zied­ was to talk about it. They looked at them­ Country Club. Mr. Rangos has served on man that was written by someone who has selves as being among the living dead. the board of directors of the Sanitary After 52 weeks of walking the wards in si­ Refuse Haulers Association of Southwestern known and worked with her for many years: lence, one lone veteran smiled a faint smile Pennsylvania, Craig House-Technoma, Win­ Mr. Walter Schaffer, retired Chief of Recrea­ at Mrs. Z. She smiled back. He talked with chester North, Inc., Hellenic College and tion Therapy at Hines VA Hospital. her. Others started to smile and talk too. the Presentation of Christ Diocese. He has At the request of over 100 paralyzed veter­ Her lifetime career, which would span been a national delegate to the United ans who wanted '.'Mrs. Z" to receive the rec­ almost half a century of helping the severe­ States Olympic Conference, a United Na­ ognition she so richly deserved, Mr. Schaffer ly disabled, started }Vith this one little smile tions of America delegate. a 32nd degree wrote an essay entitled "They Only Wanted and after '45 years and one hundred thou­ mason, a Syria Shriner, a UNICEF Pitts­ To Die." I have excerpted from that essay sand smiles it is still going strong. The pa­ burgh fundraising chairman and a member below, and anyone who reads it will under­ tients smile at her and greet her and can't of the Clergy Liturgy Council. wait to see her when she walks the wards stand why Florence Ziedman is ·truly one of today. They have been doing this for 45 Mr. Rangos began his career with Rock­ our Nation's invaluable volunteers: years. well Manufacturing Company, where he THEY ONLY WANTED To DIE Patients she helped rehabilitate in 1944; gained the distinction of being the youngest "We love you Mrs. Z." Hundreds of severe­ people who gave up on living; people who general agent in Rockwell's history. During ly paralyzed spinal cord injured veterans now live successfully in the community; all the 1960's, Mr. Rangos formed several com­ have been saying this to their wonderful of these people still keep in touch with her. panies and pioneered technological ad­ "Mrs. Z" for years. She has hundreds of paralyzed veterans as vances in waste transportation and disposal, Her real name is Florence Ziedman. She is personal friends. They love her because resource recovery and recycling. a bit over 78 years old and has volunteered they say they owe their lives to her. She After attending Houston Business College, for 45 years in the rehabilitation of injured gave them the will to live and a reason for Mr. Rangos served in the United States veteran patients paralyzed from the neck or living. She taught them something impor­ Armed Forces from 1951-1954 with a tour of waist down. Some. of them are so paralyzed tant about life and living that no doctor, duty in Korea. they can move no part of their body except nurse, therapist or even family member July 24, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19093 could ever teach them. She taught them make peace with Israel and remind us that Hosni Mubarak, speaking at a gathering of how to live when they only wanted to die. the Arab rejection of the Jewish state lies at the Socialist International on May 22, de­ Florence Ziedman showed them that life the heart of the Middle East conflict. clared that the influx of Soviet Jews into is a beautiful thing. She taught them that a The Arab reaction against Soviet Jewish Israel "threatens to blow up the peace physical 'disability was not a horror . . . emigration to Israel, as documented in this march and to put the whole region on the something to hide from . . . something to report, takes several forms: verge of a new, bloody confrontation." fear and be ashamed of. She taught them An international lobbying campaign in­ This argillnent fails to consider the facts. that all people were beautiful people. She tended to persuade Moscow to cease issuing Less than one percent of Russian immi­ inspired them to see. they had something of exit visas to Jews leaving for Israel. Pres­ grants choose to live in the territories. The value to give back to them. sure by Arab leaders has also been brought stated Arab concern cannot be reconciled Mrs. z is one of those rare people who un­ upon Eastern European countries that have with the actual number of Soviet Jews that derstand how they feel. She listens and been serving as transit points for Soviet have thus far settled in the West Bank and waits. She is a woman of great patience with Jews on their way to Israel to close their Gaza. In reality, their concern continues to the disabled. She knows that if she does not gates. be about the very existence of a Jewish reach them today she will reach them at Strident media attacks throughout the state in their midst. her next visit or the visit after that. In 45 Arab world depicting Israel as an alien, ex­ The intensive Arab effort to stop Jewish years she has never failed to reach any pa­ pansionist country with no legitimate right immigration harkens back to the origins of tient. to co-existence in the region. These attacks the Arab-Israeli conflict. In the 1930s and The delicious food on her deli cart is given have employed anti-Semitic caricatures and 40s, Jews fleeing the Holocaust in Europe free to all of the patients. The federal gov­ articles reminiscent of Nazi hate propagan­ for British-governed Palestine were con­ ernment has never contributed any money da. fronted with hostile opposition by the to her food costs. Each year she raises The call for "armed struggle" to prevent Arabs. As a result, Britain issued the notori­ $1,700 in donations to purchase food. Mrs. Soviet Jews from arriving in Israel. At least ous "White Paper" of 1939 limiting Jewish Ziedman does many other things to enrich one terrorist group, Islamic Jihad, declared immigration as the threat to their existence the lives of the patients and to help the Vet­ its intention to attack airlines and airports increased in Europe. The moral implication erans Administration. Her contacts with engaged in transporting Soviet Jews to of this heinous act ought not to be lost on people in the theatrical world enable her to Israel. PLO leaders have also been quoted as the West today. secure expensive tickets so patients can see exhorting violent means to stop the immi­ The campaign to stop the flow of immi­ first run plays and musicals appearing in grants. While none of these threats has gration began with Jordan. King Hussein Chicago. Since 1944 she has held 270 thea­ been carried out, the targeting of refugees broadcast the message that Soviet Jews ter parties attended by patie 1.ts on the fleeing persecution for terrorist action is the would displace Palestinians in the West spinal cord injury, nursing home, substance most sinister aspect of the Arab campaign. Bank, driving them across the border into abuse and psychiatric wards. ~ot content It is one taken seriously by Israel. Jordan. The Hashemite Kingdom, claimed with taking patients to the theater, Mrs. Z INTRODUCTION Hussein, would be jeopardized by this demo­ has also been responsible for bringing Soviet Jews, trapped for decades in the graphic surge. Neither the West nor the So­ famous stars right to the bedsides of hospi­ U.S.S.R. by repressive, anti-Semitic regimes, viets, argued Hussein, can permit this to talized veterans. Some of these stars have are finally being permitted to emigrate in occur. included Bob Hope, Jerry Lewis, Dean This is an absurd charge. Apart from the Martin, Milton Berle and others. large numbers. Thanks to a strenuous inter­ fact that few Soviet Jews . the influx from the weigh external pressures and thousands of Tuesday, July 24, 1990 U.S.S.R. is. viewed as a miracle for revitaliz­ ing the Zionist dream: the building of a Palestinians have left the camps for more Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise Jewish homeland. modern facilities built by Israel. today to share with my colleagues a report Despite the peace treaty with Israel, For Soviet Jews, their passage to freedom Egypt too has been an alarmist on the ques­ that was issued by the Anti-Defamation dramatizes another tenet of Zionism: the League of B'nai B'rith entitled "Arab Reaction tion of Jewish immigration. The Egyptian provision of safe refuge to Jews anywhere press-establishment and opposition alike­ to Soviet-Jewish Immigration to Israel." The living under the threat of persecution. has been virulently hostile about Soviet report pulls together data regarding the co­ ARAB REACTION emigration to Israel. "The crime of the age" ordination efforts of the Arab world to stop the Throughout the Arab world, the response is the recurring headline in Cairo. "The im­ flow of immigrants. It is an excellent and thor­ to the exodus from Russia to Israel has migration is the third disaster after those in ough report. I encourage my colleagues to been one of unremitting hostility. Arab 1948 and 1967," is another theme which read it carefully. leaders have spoken out vociferously against echoes throughout the Egyptian media. The text of the report follows: the emigration, urging Moscow to deny visas Among the Palestinians there was no dis­ to Israel. Their claim is that Jewish immi­ tinction between the so-called moderates ARAB REACTION TO SOVIET-JEWISH grants will settle in the West Bank and and the hardliners on this issue. Faisal Hus­ IMMIGRATION TO ISRAEL Gaza, thereby threatening the Palestinian seini, portrayed as a voice of conciliation in PREFACE inhabitants and their future hopes for a the West Bank, visited Moscow in April and As Soviet Jews emigrate to Israel in un­ homeland. Taking this argument one step called upon Soviet authorities to restrict the precedented numbers, their quest for securi­ further, Iraq's Deputy Foreign Minister, emigration of Jews. When a Soviet Jew be­ ty in a Jewish homeland is endangered by Nizar Hamdoon, warned that should the comes a citizen of Israel, said Husseini in an Arab campaign to halt the exoduS. The new immigrants settle in the West Bank, a Moscow, "he becomes an element in the virulently anti-Zionist and anti-Semitic as­ new physical, social and economic situation military machine that destroys Palestin­ pects of this campaign demonstrate once would emerge "which may lead to war." ians" , el's supposed intention of using the Soviet tween the Crusaders and the Israelis. Both urged the entire Arab nation to support the Jews as a demographic weapon against the Palestinians and the Arab world in general were considered foreign interlopers who had Palestinian struggle in the wake of the On January 18, 1990, a warning was given come to the region as enemy invaders to Sonet Jewish immigution. He noted "Isra­ to the Israeli Ambassador to the United Na­ wage war on Dar el-Islam, the Islamic world. el's ambitions and plans to establish a tions by the Russian Ambassador that Egyptian President Nasser even merged his Greater Israel from the Nile to the Euphra­ army with that of the Syrians in a biza.ne tes~· · In tlte oomse of the interview, Arafat Moscow would stop Jewish emigration if Soviet Jews were settled in the West Bank attempt to parallel Saladin's flushing out of produced a: map depicting the areas of "Is­ or Gaza Strip. This warning followed "great the Crusaders seven centuries earlier. Little rae:ti ambitions." The map included all of pressure on the Soviet Union by the Arab has changed in 1990. The Secretary-General Jordan and Lebanon, two-thirds of Syria, a states," according to the East Jerusalem of the Arab League, Chadhli Qlibi. stated third of Saudi Arabia a:s far as al-Madina, newspaper Al-Quds <1/19/90). The Kuwaiti that Soviet Jewish immigration "eould fuel the whole of Sinai and three-quarters of paper Al-Rai al-Am reported on January 20, a new Crusade!" . and the Saudi Arabian paper Al Jazira onist dream of establishing a state from the already secretly visited Israel to hand a accused the Zionists of a plot "to establish a Nile to the Euphrates," stated Arafat. letter to Prime Minister Shamir from Soviet Jewish base on the land of Palestine from The entilre issue of Soviet Jiewish immigra- Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze on which to wage war on Islam" (2/l/90). tion to Israel fs, widely depicted as a world the same subject. PLO Chairman Arafat Another recurring theme found in Arab conspiracy aimed against the Arabs. Accord­ had reportedly sent Shevardnadze a letter media coverage of the immigration is the ing to this thes~ Moscow, Washington, and on the matter. depiction of all Jews as alien to the area, Israel secretly plotted well in advance that Arab leaders have lobbied Soviet and with no legitimate rights to settle there. once the Soviet gates had opened, the gates American diplomatic representatives in Tu­ The distinction is often blurred between the of the United States would close, forcing the nisia, at the United Nations and wherever disputed territories of the West Bank and Soviet Jews to go to Israel. The Soviet Jews else possible. The European Community has Gaza Strip and Israel in general. As a result, themselves are cast for the most part as also been pressured for a response. PLO some articles are ambiguous. Others make being pawns in the game of strengthening Chairman Yassir Arafat in particular has their point perfectly clearly: that is, Israel is Israel. The reasons why they are so anxious embarked on a series of high-profile meet­ a false creation whose permanence and very to leave the Soviet Union in the first place ings. He met with President Mitterand and existence is not to be taken for granted. The are given very little consideration. ex-U.S. President Jimmy Carter in Paris, Egyptian journalist Ahmed Zein, for in- with President Cossiga in Italy and the stance, wrote in the mainstream Al-Akhbar Finally, press on the issue has been re- Pope at the Vatican all in a matter of days newspaper <2/l/90>: "Israel cannot live, no plete with anti-Semitism, both in articles at the beginning of April. Syrian President matter how much the world powers support and in cartoons which address the subject. The abundance of anti-Semitic, stereotypi­ Assad visited Moscow in later April, 1990, her, without peace in the region. But peace · cal caricatures of hook-nosed, stunted Jews where he raised the issue with Soviet lead­ will not be realized as a result of aggressive accompanying the press campaign against · ers. While Gorbachev apparently decline to policies, or by bringing in half a million resi- Soviet aliyah are reminiscent of those that stop the exodus, he did tell the Syrian dents who have no roots in the region, and leader that "the issue of immigration should settling them there. The land will not allow appeared in Nazi hate pamphlets of World not only be concerned with human rights, them to take root, as they are not its people. War 11· but with the concrete rights of the Arabs as However long they live there, they will In the cartoons, Soviet Jews are for the well." remain only on the surface. A strong gale most part represented as simple, weak vic­ Meanwhile, at the PLO's urging, an Arab will sweep them up and blow them far tims of Israeli scheming. Israeli leaders in­ League summit meeting to discuss the immi­ away." eluding Shamir are depicted as aggressive gration issue will be held this month in Iraq. Syrian President Hafez al-Assad went a bullies bristling with weapons. Stars of Several other developments can most stage further in a speech he made in Da- David adorn hats and sleeves to leave no probably be attributed to this diplomatic of­ mascus on March 8, 1990. In his view, not doubt as to who is a Jew, again stirring up fensive. Negotiations between the Soviet only do the Jews of Eastern Europe have no images of the Nazi era (see appendix). Union and Israel to institute direct flights historical claim at all on Israel, but they do from Moscow to Tel Aviv broke down. In not even belong to the Semitic people. TERROR late February 1990 U.S. Secretary of State Rather, they are descended from a "big James Baker linked the granting of $400 tribe of Khazars that emigrated from the It did not take long for radical extremists million in housing loan guarantees for Israel Far East to the West." to a freeze on settlement activity in the ad­ in the region to respond to the new "Cru­ Saudi Arabia, regarded as a "moderate" in sade" with an old weapon-jihad (holy war>. ministered territories. Jerusalem, which the Arab-Israeli conflict, takes no less a mil­ Israel does not consider as occupied terri­ The resort to terrorism is aimed at intimi­ itant line on the question of immigration dating parties involved in facilitating the tory and where many Soviet Jews have and Jewish presence in the Middle East. chosen to live, has also been targeted in the immigration of Soviet Jews to Israel. Israel "Unless Palestine is turned into an inferno and the United States have too often been Arab campaign. Jerusalem is the capital of through escalation of the military struggle Israel and no amount of Arab pressure will victimized by the constant Middle Eastern • • • the Jews in Palestine will number over terrorist threat against their interests infringe upon the rights of Jews to live in 8 million by the beginning of the 21st Cen­ the city. worldwide. But countries such as Poland tury," the Saudi newspaper Al-Riad recently and Hungary have not. The Foreign Ministers of the European stated. Community released a statement denounc­ Coverage of the new immigration also re­ In mid-March 1990, a terrorist group call­ ing the policy of Israeli settlement in the flects feelings of deep uncertainty in the ing itself the Islamic Jihad for the Libera­ disputed territories and the United Nations Arab world. Fears and accusations of the co­ tion of Palestine issued a threat in Beirut to Security Council held a debate on the issue lonialism, which have lain dormant for some target all airlines and airports helping to of Soviet aliyah, also at the behest of the time, have resurfaced. The main threat is transport Soviet Jews to Israel. The Islamic Arab states. perceived as coming from Israel and her so­ Jihad for the Liberation of Palestine is be­ ANTI-ZIONIST AND ANTI-SEMITIC THEMES AND called expansionist aspirations. Much is lieved to be linked with the Iranian-backed IMAGERY made of Israel's supposed super-plan to es­ Hezbollah organization, and has been hold­ A survey of Arabic press coverage and tablish a Jewish homeland stretching from ing three U.S. hostages in Beirut since 1987. statements of officials relating to the issue the Nile to the Euphrates. The Arab media Following the threat, the national Hungari- July .2.6, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19095 an airline, Malev, which had been providing NONCONVENTIONAL FUELS to ensure their continued production. This is a vital transportation link for the Soviet CREDIT EXTENSION AND particularly important to our Nation now. Jews via Budapest, suspended these flights. MODIFICATION ACT OF 1990 Cheaper, less environmentally sensitive fuels <2> of the tax code. Under the policy relating to the section 29 credit. contract in effect on the date of enactment of first category, effective for wells drilled My bill also addresses problems under cur­ the Decontrol Act, is not regulated during the after the date of enactment, all tight forma­ rent law involving gas which remained regulat­ period of release. This order deregulates ret­ tion gas would qualify for the credit, with­ ed even after the Martin Exploration decision. out the requirement that the gas be price roactively all released gas, even if "dedicated regulated and eligible for incentive prices. These producers, with gas committed or dedi­ or committed" and thus otherwise price regu­ This would qualify the type of gas produc­ cated by April 20, 1977, undertook multiple lated, and produced after the date of enact­ tion which was deemed to be deregulated well drilling programs in reliance on the con­ ment of the Decontrol Act. under the Supreme Court Decision, Federal tinued utilization of the credit. Under the My bill would eliminate any effect of both Energy Regulatory Commission v. Martin NGPA, this gas would never be deregulated, the Decontrol Act and these and future FERC Exploration Management Co., 106 S. Ct. and the FERC issued an order soon after the rulings on the use of the section 29 credit, for 1765, 1770 . The intent of the date of enactment, will be decontrolled on are reprinted below. I hope my colleagues will the provision is to cover wells which were January 1, 1993. Gas from wells drilled after join with me in cosponsoring this important regulated, and for which there was no inten­ the date of enactment of the Decontrol Act legislation. tion to deregulate, at the time the tax credit will be decontrolled sooner on May 15, 1991. NONCONVENTIONAL FuELS CREDIT EXTENSION was enacted in 1980. Without this amend­ Without any action by the tax writing com­ AND MODIFICATION ACT QF 1990 ment, gas produced from these wells after mittees, the Decontrol Act foreshortened the December 31, 1993, would automatically be SECfiON 1. SHORT TITLE. disqualified for the credit when decon­ eligibility of this previously regulated tight for­ This Act may be cited as the "Nonconven­ mation gas for tax credits by eight or more trolled pursuant to the Decontrol Act, if tional Fuels Credit Extension and Modifica­ from wells drilled before the date of enact­ years. Gas that would otherwise have gener­ tion Act of 1990". ment of the Decontrol Act; the gas would be ated credits through the year 2000 will lose its SEC. 2. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION OF CREDIT disqualified on May 15, 1991, for wells eligibility as early as May 15, 1991. Although FOR PRODUCING FUEL FROM A NON­ drilled after the date of enactment of the the legislative history of the Decontrol Act in­ CONVENTIONAL SOURCE. Decontrol Act. cludes specific language indicating opposition (a) EXTENSION OF CREDIT.-Subparagraph Further, this category would assure that of Section 29<0<1> of the Internal Reve­ to this unintended impact on tax credits, the current and future regulatory decisions of nue Code of 1986 of Sec­ tight formation wells drilled after May 12, 1977. Until the issuance of a recent FERC tion 29(c)(2) of such Code is amended to 1990, and FERC Order No. 523 in which the read as follows: FERC determined that released gas could rule, this tight formation gas remained eligible " of the Act amends subpara­ He was a good administrator of the public FERC determined on rehearing (Order No. graph of section 29(0(1) of the tax code interest-the kind of administrator that has July 2#,, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19097 been important for America to have. He put RULE ON H.R. 4939, RELATING EL SEGUNDO SUPERINTENDENT the success of the project he was facilitating TO MOST-FAVORED-NATION OF SCHOOLS LEAVES FOR ahead of the politics of those in contact with TRADE STATUS OF THE PEO- WASHINGTON, DC the project. And as a result, citizens of west­ PLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ern Pennsylvania now are living better be­ HON. MEL LEVINE cause of his service. HON. DAN ROSTENKOWSKI OF CALIFORNIA E. John Pisano was manager of the Pitts­ OF ILLINOIS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES burgh office of the U.S. Department of Hous­ Tuesday, July 24, 1990 ing and Urban Development from November IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 30, 1981, until the time of his death on July 3, Tuesday, July 24, 1990 Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise 1990. He was appointed to that career senior today to bring to the attention of my col­ Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI. Mr. Speaker, I wish leagues in the U.S. House of Representatives executive service position by former HUD to serve notice to my colleagues that, pursu­ Secretary, Samuel A. Pierce, Jr. The Pitts­ the announcement by President George Bush ant to the rules of the DemocraticcCaucus, I naming Richard Bertain as Associate Director burgh office, under his leadership, received have been instructed by the Committee on the HUD Region Ill 1985 Fair Housing Award for the ACTION Agency for the Office of Do­ Ways and Means to seek less than an open mestic and Anti-Poverty Operations. Dr. Ber­ of Merit. Mr. Pisano was named the HUD rule for the consideration by the House of tain will retire from superintendent of El Se­ Region Ill Manager of the Year in 1987 and Representatives of H.R. 4939, relating to gundo Unified School District on July 26, 1988. He was also nominated for the national most-favored-nation trade status of the Peo­ 1990, after 12 years of dedicated service to HUD Manager of the Year award in each of ple's Republic of China. the community of El Segundo, a jewel by the those 2 years. In November of 1988, the Pitts­ sea in my 27th Congressional District. burgh HUD Office, under Mr. Pisano's leader­ Since 1978, Dr. Bertain has served as su­ ship, was presented with a Sustained Out­ COURAGEOUS HEROINE perintendent and assistant superintendent, standing Office Award by former regional ad­ business services, El Segundo Unified School ministrator, Kenneth J. Finlayson. In 1989, Mr. HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER District, where he managed the budget, busi­ Pisano was recognized by the Three Rivers ness services, and personnel function. Prior to Center for Independent Living for his leader­ OF ILLINOIS his current position, he served as assistant su­ ship in advancing .the rights of persons with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES perintendent, business services, Palm Springs disabilities. Tuesday, July 24, 1990 Unified School District, Palm Springs, CA, Prior to his appointment, Mr. Pisano served where he was in charge of all business func­ Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise before you tions, including accounting, budgeting, con­ as chief of the loan management section for today to honor a very special lady whose self­ tracting, and insurance. the college housing program in the U.S. De­ less act of courage saved the life of a 3-year­ His experience also included service as partment of Education, a position he held old boy. Bea Porter, who bears no relation to president, American Educational Services, a since May 1980. He was responsible for de­ myself, a 15-year member of the Ladies Pro­ consulting service to school districts and as­ veloping and implementing policies and proce­ fessional Golf Association, rescued 3-year old, sociations; and deputy superintendent of dures for servicing over 3,200 loans valued at Jonathan Smucker who was drowning in a schools, Glendale Unified School District, $3 billion. pool near Phoenix, AZ's Moon Valley Golf Glendale, CA. He began his career as a high From 1976 to 1980, Mr. Pisano was a realty Course on March 16, 1988. school teacher in San Diego in 1957. specialist in HUD's Washington, DC headquar­ At the time of the incident, Porter was play­ Active in civic affairs, Dr. Bertain is currently ters, where he administered loan and grant ing a qualifying round for the LPGA's Standard on the Advisory Council of the Boy Scouts of programs for college housing. Prior to his ap­ Register Turquoise Classic. As she stood on America, and a sustaining member of the pointment as a realty specialist, Mr. Pisano the left side of the par five 13th hole, pre­ Young Men's Christian Association. held several managerial positions in the De­ pared to take a shot, she caught a glimpse of Dr. Bertain's academic credentials include a partment, including special assistant to the di­ a fully dressed Amish man jumping into a doctor of educational administration, Harvard rector of housing programs and consultant to backyard swimming pool. Mary Porter immedi­ University, a master of arts in educational ad­ the Assistant Secretary of Housing. In these ately recognized this peculiar situation and re­ ministration, California State University, San Diego, and bachelor of arts in philosophy I positions, he served as a policy advisor on the acted by taking a closer look at the pool. She English, St. Mary's College, California. management of a broad range of subsidized noticed a small child, 3-year-old Jonathan Throughout all his endeavors, Richard Ber­ Smucker, floating face down in the pool. and non-subsidized housing programs. From tain, has enjoyed the enthusiasm and support Fortunately, Ms. Porter reacted quickly. With 1972 to 197 4, Mr. Pisano was special assist­ of his gracious wife, Mary, and their six chil­ the assistance of her caddy, Wayne Sharpe, ant to the Director of HUD's Disaster Field dren. Office in Wilkes-Barre, PA. He assisted the di­ she climbed a 7-foot wrought iron fence, and It is a pleasure to bring Richard Bertain's rector in the management of the disaster re­ without wasting any time, began to perform record of accomplishments to my colleagues. covery effort following the devastation caused CPR on the child. The process which lasted a I ask that they join in congratulations on his by tropical storm Agnes in parts of Pennsylva­ total of 20 minutes proved successful as the recent appointment to the ACTION Agency. nia and New York. While in this position, he child was revived and rushed to the hospital Our country is fortunate to have Dr. Bertain to received the Department's Meritorious Service where he was reported to be in good condi­ administer such an important agency which Award. tion. does so much good work for so many people. Before entering the Federal service, Mr. As if nothing out of the ordinary had oc­ curred, Porter returned to her game, but Pisano was a housing consultant and develop­ missed qualifying for the Standard Register by LEXINGTON MAYOR TESTIFIES er for Government-sponsored housing pro­ three strokes. I am certain, however, that in ON RURAL TOURISM grams, as well as vice president of the Vector her mind nothing could match the victory Corp., a manufacturer of nuclear reactor com­ which she had just scored by saving a young ponents. He also taught in the Pittsburgh HON. IKE SKELTON child's life. Ms. Porter's noble effort should Public School System. Mr. Pisano was born OF MISSOURI serve as an example to us all that we must March 9, 1937; he received a bachelor of sci­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES often transcend daily life and suffer minor set­ ence degree in economics from Duquesne backs in our own personal quests in order to Tuesday, July 24, 1990 University in Pittsburgh. better fulfill our obligations as members of so­ Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, on June 30, Mr. Pisano is survived by his wife, Cynthia, ciety. I know that all Members will join me in 1990, my small business subcommittee held a and his mother, both of whom reside in Pitts­ offering our heartfelt congratulations to her for field hearing at the Truman Library in Inde­ burgh. this selfless act of courage. pendence, MO. examining how economic de- 19098 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 24, 1990 velopment through tourism can benefit rural Trail" monument. She was dedicated on Centers throughout the State, as well as, communities. One of the witnesses presenting September 17, 1928, by a Jackson County Auto Club offices, motels and tourist agen­ testimony was Mayor Cindy Dickmeyer of Lex­ Judge-the Honorable Harry S Truman of cies around the country. For four years, we ington, MO. Mayor Dickmeyer's statement Independence. This monument is one of have had a Uni-sign located on Interstate 70 twelve that is located in the states through to advertise our community to motorists colorfully details how the tourism industry has which the National Old Trails Roads ran. traveling through the area. We also adver­ helped to revitalize Lexington's economy and Lexington also has four historic districts tise, from time to time, in outside publica­ to bring the culture and the history of the past listed in the National Register of Historic tions on our community's activities. We ar­ to life for visitors and residents today. Mayor Places. range tours through the Chamber of Com­ Dickmeyer also addresses the challenges There are many other areas of historical merce office and we are currently working facing small towns, with access to limited significance and interest in this small, rural with the Department of Economic Develop­ funds, trying to attract visitors to spend time in community. I have only tried to highlight a ment to hold a regional meeting in Lexing­ their communities and experience what rural few of them to give you an idea just how im­ ton this September. There are many pro­ America has to offer. portant Lexington's past has been in help­ grams and activities in our community that ing to develop this great country of ours. are co-operative efforts. Every two years, Lexington is my hometown, and I have seen Lexington is situated in the very heartland Lexington offers a two-day historic Old first-hand the benefits of tourism at work. of the United States. We, as our forefathers, Homes Tour, which brings approximately Rural communities across our Nation, working are the very backbone of this country. We 10,000 visitors to our community. Also, the to preserve the heritage that made our coun­ are the laborers, blue collar workers, and Battle of Lexington State Park sponsors a try great, share our rich legacy with future farmers. We are proud of our past and work Civil War battle re-enactment every three generations while sustaining the livelihoods of hard to protect and save what we have. We years. The next re-enactment is scheduled present-day residents. At this time I would like realize that Lexington has not made histo­ for September 19, 1991. This is a three-day to submit Mayor Dickmeyer's testimony into ry-but that history is what has made Lex­ event which brings in over 5,000 visitors ington. The preservation of history is a vital from all across the country. This doesn't in­ the Extensions of Remarks of the CoNGRES­ part of our American heritage. clude the large number of re-enactors that SIONAL RECORD: In recent years, rural areas have been also travel here to participate in the battle. STATEMENT OF CINDY DICKMEYER, MAYOR, plagued by a sharp decline in the agricultur­ Every fall, there is a three-day River Festi­ CITY OF LEXINGTON al industry, as well as the closings of many val, which also draws many people to our Mr. Chairman and members of the sub­ manufacturing industries. Some rural com­ community. Lexington, as I mentioned earli­ committee, on behalf of the citizens of the munities, however, like Lexington, have the er, is also the home of Wentworth Military Lexington community, we are very grateful potential to support and sustain an econo­ Academy. This military school, dating back for the opportunity to present our testimo­ my based on tourism. Tourism can be an es­ to 1880, has students attending from all ny today concerning tourism and its rela­ pecially beneficial activity to incorporate over the world. tionship with the rural communities of within the economic structure of smaller Lexington is an All-Missouri Certified America. communities and rural areas, due to the fact City, achieving a "Five-Star" status through Tourism in rural America is unique. Just that tourism is an industry that requires a the Missouri Community Betterment Pro­ as Lexington, Missouri, is unique. The histo­ limited financial investment. Because the gram. We are members of the Missouri ry of Lexington spans 168 eventful years major capital asset of this industry is, in Travel Council, the Missouri Chamber of from the western frontier to our present fact, the natural or cultural resource itself, Commerce, and the Lafayette County Eco­ day. Few Midwestern towns can boast of the it therefore becomes an ideal vehicle for nomical Development Authority. This com­ rich tradition and exciting heritage that be­ many rural areas to develop. When most mittee tries to promote all of Lafayette longs to Lexington-beginning as far back people think of tourism, they think of recre­ County. Our Lexington Industrial Develop­ as 1804 when Lewis & Clark passed the site ation. However, attractions are what draw ment Corporation is very active in promot­ of Lexington en route to explore the North­ tourists to a specific area. Tourism, there­ ing economical development in Lexington. west via the Missouri River. Settled during fore, can't be considered a viable option for We all realize it takes a united effort, if we the 1820's, Lexington soon became a boom­ a community, if there is not a marketable are to succeed. We have a very active Histor­ ing farm community and river town. Trad­ attraction to present. Once your attractions ical Society, which recently raised over ers, fur trappers, and suppliers brought a have been acknowledged and established, $90,000.00 to restore an 1830's log house, the brisk business to the community, which for there is an important need to be able to only known wooden structure still standing a few years was the most western settlement inform people about the attractions and from Lexington's founding days, with the from which outfitters sent caravans west on services you have available. Tourism can't Santa Fe Trail passing both it's original lo­ the Santa Fe Trail. Lexington became the support any rural community through any cation and its present site. seat of Lafayette County in 1823. In the significant economic importance if it is not We are very pleased that the State of Mis­ 1850's, the offices of the great freighting first perceived as an important industry to souri has decided to put additional funds in firm, Russell, Majors, & Waddell was estab­ that community and is developed in that the Battle of Lexington State Park, to con­ lished. In 1859, this very firm inaugurated manner. Even though a community's stabili­ struct a new visitors tourism center and a the famed Pony Express. The proud roll of ty should not be built on a single industry, summer kitchen at the Anderson House. early schools lists the very first college in sometimes you have no alternatives. Tour­ We also have five licensed antique shops the world to be founded by the Masons was ism may be your only means of economic which are frequent stops by tourists and a opened in Lexington in 1848. Today's noted stability. historical museum in Lexington. We are lo­ Wentworth Military Academy was founded In Lexington, we have acknowledged tour­ cated in the heart of Missouri's apple or­ in 1880 and is still in operation today. ism as being a very important industry to chard country within an hour's drive of Many large, beautiful houses and public our community's economic structure. How­ Kansas City and not far from the recre­ buildings were built during the 1840's and ever, it is not our only means of economic ational area of the Ozark.s. Approximately 1850's. The present Lafayette County survival. We have several other industries 60% of all Missouri tourists come from the Courthouse was built in 1847 and has been and businesses that give us a small, but de­ metropolitan areas. As I stated at the begin­ occupied continuously, making it the oldest verse economy. However, development tour­ ning of my testimony, there is something Courthouse in the State of Missouri still in ism as an industry in Lexington seems only very unique about tourism in rural America. use. There are over 110 antebellum homes natural. Tourism helps to expand our eco­ One of the main problems that small, still standing in our community today. nomical growth by stimulating future busi­ rural communities face today is the compe­ In September 1861, the prosperity of Lex­ nesses-such as restaurants, motels, hotels, tition of the nearby metropolitan areas. We ington was temporarily disrupted by the in­ stores, and shops. This, in turn, helps gener­ do not have the manpower or the resources vasion of the pro-South forces during the ate needed additional revenue which can to call upon as metropolitan areas do. There Battle of Lexington. The Anderson House, then be used to help make improvements to must be a more focused attention given to build in 1853, was used as a hospital during our city. There is really no limit to the the small, rural communities. Simply put, the battle. The battlefield is one of the few amount in which our community could ben­ we need to be put on an equal basis as our Civil War battlefields that has never been efit from a prosperous tourism industry. larger counterparts. Our wagon wheels are cultivated. This entire area is now a state To help develop the tourism trade in Lex­ just as rusty, and squeak just as much as historic site. After the Civil War, Lexington ington, we have had two video tapes made. theirs-however, they apparently don't once again emerged as a prosperous commu­ One is for tourism information; the other squeak as loud!! nity due to the coal mining industry becom­ gives necessary information to an individual In closing, I have just one final thought to ing the economic mainstay of the area. And or company who might be considering locat­ present. Lexington, as well as many other finally, in the center of our history, we have ing in Lexington. We also send brochures rural communities, is well worth a few days the dedication of the "Madonna of the and printed materials to the seven Tourist of anyone's time. Visitors can wander July 24, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19099 through museums, tour the old homes, dine ty of opposition has been so strong, in fact, ments' reauthorization and reappropriation and shop, or just walk around and enjoy the that some of our colleagues have begun com- · process has caused a sense of uncertainty beautiful scenery and relaxed atmosphere. plaining privately that supporters of the NEA amongst grant applicants and recipients and It is our sincerest hope and desire that our are overreacting. But most clearly they are even polarization between supporters and testimonies to you today will not go un­ not. The response of the arts community and detractors of the Endowments; and heard and that many future generations Whereas, the continuance of Federal will also be able to enjoy what the rural its allies has been exactly proportionate to the grants unencumbered by political interfer­ communities have to offer. Through your threat posed by the would-be censors among ence is of great and crucial significance to dedicated commitments to develop and in­ us. They understand that the creative process the Library community; and crease the tourism trade in rural America, demands full and unfettered freedom; censor­ Whereas, there is now an attempt to en­ this will become a reality. ship, whether imposed from within or without, courage the Congress to change the ratio of saps art of its integrity and meaning. NEA grants to the States Arts Agencies The very mission of the artist, as the great which could seriously cripple the NEA's A CRY FOR FREEDOM FOR THE peer-grant process; now, therefore, be it CYPRIOTS African-American writer James Baldwin once put it, is to be "an incorrigible disturber of the Resolved, that the American Library Asso­ ciation strongly urges the members of the peace. II This does not mean that all art must United States Congress to resist any limita­ HON. DOUG WALGREN necessarily offend or shock us in order to be OF PENNSYLVANIA tions or reductions of the appropriations for considered successful or worthwhile. But it the NEA, the NEH or the Institute of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES c;loes mean that, in realizing his or her creative Museum Services on the basis of partisan or Tuesday, July 24, 1990 vision, the artist must be free to ignore and doctrinal disapproval of projects funded by Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, I would like to trample over traditions, boundaries, and fron­ the Endowments; and, be it further Resolved, that ALA urges that the Endow­ express my support today for a unified Cyprus, tiers to which the rest of us adhere. As Bald­ win eloquently explained: ments enabling legislation, the National a nation that has endured a long battle Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities against the illegal Turkish occupation of close The artist is distinguished from all other responsible actors in society-the politi­ Act, be reauthorized for a full five years to 40 percent of the island. This occupation cians, legislators, educators, and scientists­ without restrictions and without changes in has resulted in the creation of the "Green by the fact that he is his own test tube, his the ratio of funds turned over to the States Line, II a barrier that divides the Turkish and own laboratory, working according to very Arts Agencies; and, be it further Greek people of that nation. rigorous rules, however unstated these may Resolved, that ALA urges the Chairper­ Cyprus first received its independence from be, and cannot allow any consideration to sons of the NEA and of the NEH and all of supersede his responsibility to reveal all the grants officers of both Endowments to Great Britain in 1960. At this time approxi­ resist strongly any partisan or doctrinal in­ mately 18 percent of the population was Turk­ that he can possibly discover concerning the mystery of the human being. Society must fluence over the grants-making process; and, ish and the remaining 72 percent of the popu­ accept some things as real; but he must be it further lation was Greek. The Treaty of Association always know that visible reality hides a Resolved, that copies of this resolution be and Guarantee established a system that deeper one, and that all our action and forwarded to the Congressional· Arts sought to ensure the rights of both peoples achievement rest ont things unseen. A socie­ Caucus, Congressional Authorization and through a power-sharing system. But in 1974 ty must assume that it is stable, but the Appropriations Committees, the Office of the island was invaded by Turkish troops that artist must know, and he must let us know, Management and Budget, the Chairpersons were fearful that the Greek majority was seek­ that there is nothing stable under heaven. of NEA and NEH, and any other appropri­ ate bodies. ing unification with Greece. One cannot possibly build a school, teach a child, or drive a car without taking some The sweeping changes in Eastern Europe things for granted. The artist cannot and can only serve as an example to the world. It RESOLUTION OF THE NEW YORK STATE BOARD must not take anything for granted, but OF REGENTS REGARDING THE NATIONAL EN­ is possible to overcome seemingly unsur­ must drive to the heart of every answer and DOWMENT FOR THE ARTS mountable problems through the courage of a expose the question the answer hides. Resolved, That the Board of Regents of nation dedicated to freedom. Like the people Many respected organizations and individ­ the University of the State of New York and of the United States and the rest of the free uals outside of the arts community have come the State Education Department support world, Cypriots deserve the chance to move forward to speak out against the proposed re­ the five-year reauthorization of the Nation­ freely throughout their country. The Berlin strictions on the creative freedom of NEA­ al Endowment for the Arts in its cur­ Wall has fallen and it is now time for the funded artists; they have recognized that this rent form. Green Line dividing north and south Cyprus to is an issue not just for artists, but for all who Thriving arts activity in New York en­ be abolished. value freedom of expression in this country. riches the educational experience of chil­ As a member of NATO, the United States dren and the lifelong learning of residents Prominent among these groups are the Ameri­ and visitors alike. Moreover, New York's un­ must encourage a resolution of this dispute can Library Association and the New York paralleled artistic excellence is a national that divides Greece and Turkey, our NATO State Board of Regents, both of which recent­ resource shared in many ways with the allies. I commend the people of Cyprus for ly passed resolutions urging the Congress to entire nation and the world. their dedication to a united nation through a resist calls to censor the NEA. I want to bring For twenty-five years, the NEA has grant­ peaceful settlement and ·look forward to a the texts of these resolutions to the attention ed public funds on the basis of a responsible similar commitment from the Turkish Govern­ of my colleagues in the hope that their ap­ peer review process to sustain and to en­ ment. Freedom for Cypriots is in reach. peals for a free NEA will be heeded when the courage the nation's best artistic work and to make it broadly available to the public. House considers this issue later this week: NEA grants this past year provided $40 mil­ FOR A FREE NEA RESOLUTION ON THE REAUTHORIZATION AND lion to over 1100 grantees in New York to REAPPROPRIATION OF THE NATIONAL ENDOW­ strengthen further the quality of the arts in MENT FOR THE ARTS AND THE NATIONAL EN­ New York and their national impact. HON. MAJOR R. OWENS DOWMENT FOR THE HUMANITIES Although the peer review process is not OF NEW YORK Whereas, the American Library Associa­ infallible, even NEA's critics question only IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion policy against government intimidation .02% Tuesday, July 24, 1990 <53.4) states, "the American Library Associa­ of the 85,000 grants that have been award­ tion opposes any use of government prerog­ ed. Vigilance to assure the accountability of Mr. OWENS of New York. Mr. Speaker, atives which leads to the intimidation of the the peer review process to the highest later this week the House is expected to con­ individual or the citizenry from the exercise standards of quality should be required of sider the reauthorization of the National En­ of free expression"; and the NEA National Council, but the process dowment for the Arts and with it, a number of Whereas, current ALA Federal Legislative should not be changed. proposals to censor the content of art fi­ Policy encourages support of the National Current attempts to weaken or circum­ Endowment for the Arts ; and already had a chilling effect on the arts. opposition from the arts community and Whereas, there is a strong indication that Any imposition of perceived or real limita­ others who value artistic freedom. The intensi- the continued politicization of the Endow- tions on the creativity, diversity and free- 19100 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 24, 1990 dom of expression of publicly supported arts won't have a hard time dealing with Eng­ taught mostly in Spanish, per city guide­ will produce far more harm than any isolat­ lish." lines, but believed her pupils could start ed error of judgment could cause. Criticism of bilingual teachers was a re­ English. current theme. So she tested them last year, then in­ Ramon, a sophomore, said that when he creased her English teaching to about half came to Hartford he didn't know he was in a her lessons. By the end of the year, 19 of bilingual class. "I had a teacher who only . her 26 pupils were reading well enough to spoke Spanish. I thought it was a Spanish go into a transitional class, the last phase of THE ABC'S OF BILINGUAL class. The teacher never spoke English. My the bilingual process. EDUCATION mother found out and got me out into a class where the teacher could speak Eng­ For the 1988-89 school year, only five of lish." 208 children in the bilingual programs in HON. BILL EMERSON I sensed from certain essays that there is the McDonough School were . "main­ OF MISSOURI some peer pressure not to learn English. streamed" into regular English classes. This year, 14 made the jump. "The kids need IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "No matter if people make fun of you, don't give up. No matter what, learn English," ad­ more time for English instruction," said Tuesday, July 24, 1990 vised Madelyn, also a sophomore. "Students Vice Principal Mary Alice McNaboe, and she Mr. EMERSON. Mr. Speaker, misconcep­ who don't practice English are not going to said they'll get it-next year. tions about the purposes and intent of the be able to communicate with other people As these efforts indicate, the city's bilin­ or teachers. When they need a job they gual education program is in dire need of re­ Language of Government Act, H.R. 4424, con­ won't." tinue to surprise me. I understand that the op­ evaluation. As the system now stands, students are The theory is to teach children in their ponents of this measure have stated that bilin­ supposed to be brought up to a grade 3.5 gual education would no longer be allowed if level in Spanish before being switched to native language-most often Spanish in the we passed this bill. This brash statement is English. Some students take years and years city-while they learn English, then switch absolutely untrue. I strongly support bilingual to reach that level in Spanish. Abner, a to English when appropriate, said Adnelly Marichal, the program's director. education, and I think it's an essential tool in freshman, suggested starting kids earlier in the teaching of English to non-English speak­ English. He said he was in a bilingual kin­ A recent state study found the kids spend ing schoolchildren across America. My criti­ dergarten but then was placed in an English an average of about four years in the pro­ first grade and learned English rapidly. gram, but some spend much longer. Mari­ cism of the bilingual programs we have today "If most of the Hispanic kids are given chal doesn't see a problem with that, saying is that they don't work. Children finish years of lots of English, they will learn it very quick­ children learn languages at different speeds. bilingual training without a basic, fundamental ly," he said. She said if children learn subjects in Span­ knowledge of English. And when we allow this Curiously, many students blame the non­ ish, it shouldn't matter when they transfer to happen, we're shortchanging our children. English-speaking students and their parents to classes in English. for their not learning English. "The Span­ If we want to see how well our bilingual Some of the time it works. But for many, education programs are working, we should ish students have to get their acts togeth­ er," one student wrote. "If a boy is 15 and perhaps thousands, it doesn't, critics say. ask the students. My good friend, Congress­ can't speak English, do you ever think his Youngsters aren't compelled to learn Eng­ woman NANCY JOHNSON, was kind enough to mother or father is to blame?" another lish, so some don't. Lugo said some children share with me the following two columns that wrote. find it difficult, and sometimes stigmatizing, appeared in the Hartford Courant last month. Here's the kicker. All these kids are His­ to be learning the basics of English in the Here is a telling critique of bilingual education panic themselves. They know they're going middle grades or later. from the students' point of view. Next year, to need English to get further in school or Program critics also cite poor English the Bilingual Education Act will be reauthor­ get a good job. It's a shame they aren't serv­ texts, some bilingual teachers who are weak ing on the school board. ized. I recommend that each of my colleagues They sense that some bilingual teachers in English and kids who keep themselves in take the time to consider who benefits-and aren't doing the job. I think they're right. the program to go to high school with who doesn't-from our existing bilingual pro­ Bilingual teachers are exempt from having friends. grams before the vote is cast. to take CONNCEPT, the basic skills test in Marichal said many impoverished stu­ reading, writing and mathematics that dents often begin with weak language skills, STUDENTS OFFER CRITICAL VIEW OF other teachers must pass as part of the cer­ and it is best to teach them to read Spanish BILINGUAL EFFORT tification process. Are the bilingual teachers first. exempt because many couldn't pass the Lugo asks, "Why not start them in Eng­ There's another precinct to be heard from test? Is this fair to the kids? The teachers and administrators who lish?" She said they'll learn Spanish at on the bilingual education question-the home. "Putting a child born in Hartford in a kids. I recently wrote two columns criticiz­ spoke to me in my first two columns have been called in to speak with the school ad­ Spanish kindergarten is ridiculous," said ing the city's bilingual program. I said the Lugo, now at the Lewis Fox Middle School. program doesn't work for many youngsters ministration. I trust this is for a construc­ because it doesn't teach them English, and tive discussion on how to improve the pro­ Lugo said bilingual education should start hence inhibits their chances for a good job. gram. It better be. earlier, be more intensive and have set time Michael May, an English teacher at Bul­ CRITICS CONSIDER BILINGUAL EFFORT A SLIP limits of two to four years. She is appalled keley High School, asked his freshmen and OF TONGUE when children are in the program longer than that, as is Terry Trask, principal of the sophomores to write short essays on wheth­ er or not they thought I was right. Here are Milner School. some of the responses. Preventive benefits: Including preven­ House, 24 7 Members, as cosponsors. Yet, health. They also often fail to receive preven­ tive care visits at clearly defined intervals, this legislation is being prevented from com­ tive care. The health insurance system in this prenatal and delivery care, care of new­ plete consideration by the whole House by the country commonly provides reimbursement for borns, and child abuse assessment. Regard­ Ways and Means Committee. expensive acute care, such as inpatient care less of income level or insurance system, no and surgery, while limiting reimbursement for co-payments or deductibles will be applied. The time has long past when this legislation less costly preventive services. Preventive (2) Primary/major medical benefits: In­ should have been considered. Let's not fur­ care, early treatment of acute illnesses, and cluding care for acute and chronic illness, ther delay consideration of H.R. 2460. Amer­ other outpatient services can often eliminate hospital care, subspecialty consultations, ica and its seniors cannot afford to wait any or minimize the need for more costly proce­ emergency room care, drugs, and laboratory longer. dures and hospital care. tests. Based upon income, there will be a maximum deductible of $200 and a maxi­ RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS Lack of preventive care can lead to dire mum co-payment of 20% of the total OF THE COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO RE: LEGISLA· consequences. Uninsured children are less charges for services in this category. TION TO ELIMINATE THE SOCIAL SECURITY likely to be immunized than those with insur­ <3> Extended major medical benefits: In­ EARNINGS PENALTIES FOR INDIVIDUALS WHO ance. One in three poor children is not immu­ cluding mental health, substance abuse, and HAVE REACHED RETIREMENT AGE nized at age 2 against rubella, measles, and treatment of developmental and learning mumps. Coincident with declining immuniza­ disabilities. There will be case management Whereas, retirees of age 70 or greater are tion rates, epidemics of measles are occurring for some benefits in this category. As with permitted by law to earn as much as possi­ the major medical benefits, copayments and ble without any reduction in their Social Se­ in many cities throughout our country with deaths of 40 children reported this year. The deductibles apply. There will also be caps curity earnings; and for benefits in this category. Mechanisms number of reported cases of mumps is also such as prior approval, plan of care, pre­ Whereas, persons between the ages of 65 rising. Early treatment can influence long-term and 69 have their Social Security benefits ferred providers, and dollar limits may be outcome and maximize a child's potential. applied to extended major medical benefits. reduced one dollar for every three earned In addition to the alarming number of unin­ above certain thresholds; and These benefits will be equally available sured children, over 14 million women of through employer-based insurance and the Whereas, continued participation in the childbearing age do not have insurance for SAIF. workforce by skilled, experienced persons is prenatal care, maternity care, or both. One out Employers who offer insurance to their becoming more and more critical to the of every four pregnant women receives no employees may choose to provide the man­ standard of living in the United States; and prenatal care during her first trimester. As a dated benefits for children and pregnant result, undetected problems may unnecessar­ women. Employers who choose not to offer Whereas, H.R. 2460 would amend the insurance to children and pregnant women Social Security Act to remove the existing ily complicate pregnancies. Lack of counseling or who offer less than the mandated bene­ penalties on persons between the ages of 65 about proper nutrition and about the use of al­ fits will pay a payroll tax of 3.17%. Employ­ and 69; and cohol, tobacco, and certain drugs can result in ees enrolled in the employer-based system Whereas, recent studies have shown that low-birthweight, congenital anomalies, and will be responsible-as they usually are-for removal of the penalties would cause a re­ sick newborns and a high rate of infant mor­ premium payments, deductibles and co-pay­ duction in the budget deficit: Now therefore tality. In fact, our mortality rate places us 22d ments. be it among the nations of this world. All children and pregnant women who do not receive insurance through an employer Resolved, by the Board of Supervisors of The proposal developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics would eliminate finan­ will have access to private health insurance the County of San Diego, State of Califor­ through the SAIF. nia, that it supports legislation which would cial barriers to care. It would expand the deliv­ The SAIF will be funded by a combination amend the Social Security Act to remove ery of prenatal, preventive, acute, and chronic of revenue sources including: the penalties on Social Security benefits of care to all children and pregnant women by A 3.17% employer payroll tax. persons aged 62 through 69 whose earnings coordinating efforts of the public and private Individual premium payments by families are above the thresholds. sectors. enrolled in the SAIF. 19102 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 24, 1990 Federal and state dollars allocated for the their options early and then to hold the stock INCENTIVE STOCK OPTIONS children's and pregnant women's portion of they acquire as a long-term investment. Under Medicaid our legislation, so-called opportunity stock op­ HON. ROD CHANDLER tions would not be subject to any tax at exer­ EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS cise rule. The tax on the gain realized at exer­ OF WASHINGTON cise generally would be deferred and taxed as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. BARBARA B. KENNELLY ordinary income when the employee disposed Tuesday, July 24, 1990 OF CONNECTICUT of the stock. The benefit of this tax deferral Mr. CHANDLER. Mr. Speaker, I am today IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would in effect be denied in most cases introducing legislation to revitalize the existing Tuesday, July 24, 1990 where the employee did not hold the stock for Federal income tax incentives for employee at least 2 years. Finally, while the employer Mrs. KENNELLY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased stock options. This legislation, which is intend­ would be allowed a tax deduction with respect to be an original cosponsor of legislation intro­ ed to be substantially revenue neutral, has to opportunity stock options, this deduction duced by my colleague, Representative Roo three specific objectives. First, to encourage CHANDLER, to restructure the existing Federal would be deferred until the employee paid his corporations to award stock options to a income tax incentives for employee stock op­ or her tax upon disposition of the stock. Allow­ broad class of their managerial employees­ tions. ing an employer deduction is correct as a and not just to a few top executives. Second, Employee stock options have always been matter of tax policy as is deferring that deduc­ to stimulate employees to exercise their stock important and this is particularly true today. tion and deferral of the deduction also makes options promptly and then to hold the stock Stock option programs, if properly structured, enactment of the bill consistent with our cur­ they acquire as a long-term investment. Third, can function as an important part of a re­ rent budgetary situation. to assure that the incentives to accomplish these two economic objectives are structured newed national policy to encourage savings Mr. Speaker, restructuring the stock option and investment generally, and employee stock so that a stock option transaction is taxed in tax incentives in the manner contemplated by ownership in particular. Congress has long accordance with its dual nature as a partially our legislation will both serve the important recognized the importance of stock option compensatory and a partially investment-ori­ programs and has accordingly sought to en­ national objectives to which I referred earlier ented transaction. courage such programs with tax incentives. and it will promote a greater degree of stability Congress has for many years affirmatively Unfortunately, however, our existing tax incen­ in the ownership of our corporations and a sought to encourage stock options. Most re­ tives for stock options no longer contribute to greater alignment of the interests of employ­ cently, in adopting the present incentive stock these savings and employee stock ownership ees and shareholders. These additional bene­ option rules in 1981, Congress recognized national objectives in the best possible way fits are believed by many-including myself­ that stock options are an important incentive and they therefore need to be revised in a to be critical if we are to compete in the device for attracting and retaining key person­ manner that is consistent with our current emerging global economy in the 1990's and nel, and that the proprietary interest resulting budgetary situation. beyond. from the exercise of stock options provides employees with an incentive to improve the fi­ If tax incentives for employee stock option Our legislation also merits support because programs are to contribute effectively to the nancial performance of their employers. Stock it limits the tax benefits of "opportunity stock attainment of the national objectives to which options have an even more important role I have referred, they must encourage employ­ option" status to those stock option programs today. If we are to compete effectively in a ees to exercise the options they receive at an that both meet the principal requirements that global market in the 1990's and beyond, we early date and then to hold the stock they ac­ Congress previously imposed on incentive must have a greater degree of stability in the quire as a long-term investment. Our current stock options and a new requirement that the ownership of our corporations, we must have tax incentives often encourage employees options be granted to a broad group of mana­ managers at all levels whose decisions have a who receive stock options to do precisely the gerial-type employees and not just to a hand­ long-term orientation, and we must have man­ opposite. This is because the exercise of a ful of the most senior executives. This distri­ agers whose interests are reasonably well stock option is generally a taxable event re­ bution requirement requires that at least 40 aligned with the shareholders they serve. quiring the employee to pay a Federal income percent in value of the options be granted to Properly structured stock option programs can tax on the amount by which the value of the employees who are not senior managment make important contributions to these objec­ stock purchased exceeds the option price employees. tives. paid for the stock. Many employees who exer­ Unfortunately, our current Federal income This distribution rule is intended to promote cise options must immediately sell a portion of tax laws do not encourage, and in some the effectiveness of opportunity stock option the stock they purchase in order to pay the cases may actually discourage, the very kinds tax. This "tax at exercise" rule does not programs by assuring that options are granted of stock option programs that can contribute produce much revenue because the employer to those management employees whose posi­ positively to the objectives I have outlined. gets a tax deduction equal to the income tions within their corporate employers are Under present law, an employee who exer­ taxed to the employee, but it can encourage such that they have the best "hands on" op­ cises a stock option must typically pay a Fed­ many employees to defer exercising their op­ portunities actually to put in place and carry eral tax on the economic-but phantom­ tions until they have need for cash and then out those policies that will promote the long­ income he or she is deemed to have realized immediately sell all the stock they purchase, term productivity and efficiency that the global when the value of the stock exceeds the price using a portion of the sales proceeds to pay economy now demands as the price of surviv­ the employee pays for it. This tax at exercise tax and the balance to meet their individual al of our Nation's employers. Moreover, the rule requires many employees to sell a sub­ cash need. 40 percent ratio contemplated by the distribu­ stantial portion of the stock just to pay the tax This "tax at exercise" rule does not apply tion requirement is a more reasonable and and encourages some to defer exercising their to so-called incentive stock options, but the conceptually sound way to limit the benefits options until they have a need or use for the tax incentives for these options are no longer received by the very senior executives than is cash they can obtain by selling all of the adequate. They are subject to a tax at exer­ the somewhat arbitrary dollar limit now applied stock. In short, the general tax at exercise rule cise rule for purposes of the 21-percent alter­ to incentive stock options. discourages the early exercise of stock op­ native minimum tax, they are subject to a tions and the long-term holding of the stock. dollar limitation and employers do not receive Mr. Speaker, constructive legislative initia­ The tax at exercise rule does not apply to any tax deduction for granting such options. tives like this are critical if we are as serious incentive stock options, but incentive stock Moreover, with the repeal of the preferential as we need to be about promoting increased options have become equally unattractive for tax rate for capital gains in 1986, incentive savings and investment and the ability of our other reasons. With the elimination of the stock options lost much of the attractiveness employers to compete in the world market­ preferential tax rate for capital gains, incentive they might otherwise have. place. Hopefully, we can enact our legislation stock options no longer offer a significant ad­ The legislation I am cosponsoring today in the near future so that this important pro­ vantage over other stock options. However, seeks to encourage employees to exercise gram can begin to operate. even if the capital gains preference were to July 24-, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19103 be restored, incentive stock options would not HOSPITAL ACCREDITATION the problem is corrected. A hospital in my own be effective because they are subject to an district has problems which were originally re­ unrealistically low ceiling on options that can HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK ported in 1987; the hospital did not lose its be exercised in any one year. Moreover, in­ OF CALIFORNIA accreditation until this year, and it is still pro­ centive stock options are in fact subject to a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES viding services to Medicare beneficiaries. tax at exercise rule for purposes of the 21- Tuesday, July 24, 1990 Due to strong interest in the subject of hos­ percent alternative minimum tax. Finally, even pital quality assurance, I am including at the Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, recently the Sub­ though incentive stock options-like all stock conclusion of this statement the list of hospi­ committee on Health held a hearing on hospi­ options-have a compensatory element, em­ tals which were found by the JCAHO not to tal accreditation and compliance with Medi­ deserve full accreditation last year. I believe ployers are not allowed any tax deduction for care's conditions of participation. incentive stock options. Thus, some employ­ that Members will find this list of interest. The focus of our hearing was a report from Given the findings of this hearing and the ers prefer to grant other options that are sub­ the General Accounting Office assessing the expected results of an ongoing investigation ject to the full tax at exercise rule. effectiveness of the Health Care Financing by the GAO, I intend to work with Dr. O'Leary The legislation I am introducing today would Administration's process to validate the re­ and with HCF A to make sure that our hospi­ create a new class of opportunity stock op­ sults of accreditation decisions of the Joint tals are providing the best care possible. In tions that would remedy these defects in Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare present law. However, opportunity stock Organizations [JCAHO]. particular, I want to make sure that those option treatment would generally only be Validating the JCAHO process is critical, which don't measure up cannot continue to available for option programs that meet both given that HCFA, through a process termed participate in the Medicare and Medicaid Pro­ the current law qualification rules for incentive "deemed status," relies on JCAHO to assure grams. stock options and a new requirement that at that most hospitals are providing quality health HosPITAL AccREDITATION least 40 percent of the options be granted to services to Medicare beneficiaries. If a hospi­ HOSPITAL AND STATUS tal is accredited by JCAHO, it is deemed to employees who are not senior management 1. North Star Hospital, Anchorage, AK employees. This new distribution require­ meet the Medicare conditions of participation. 000037091. Conditional. ment-which has no counterpart in the The results of the GAO report were unset­ 2. Randolph County Hospital, Roanoke, tling, to say the least. present law of stock options-is a critical AL 006530802. Full Survey, tentatively not The major conclusion of GAO's report is component of the proposal because it encour­ accredited [TNAJ. that given the total difference in the criteria 3. Drew Memorial Hospital, Monticello, ages the granting of stock options to the man­ against which HCF A surveys and those AR 006710470. Post July Adverse. agement personnel who consistently have the against which JCAHO surveys, we can't really 4. Calexico Hospital, Calexico, CA best hands-on opportunities to implement tell much about whether hospitals are meeting 006930347. Full Survey, TNA. changes that will increase long-term corporate the Medicare conditions of participation. 5. Memorial Hospital at Exeter, Exeter, productivity and net worth. Furthermore, using Prior to the hearing the members of the CA 006930725. Full Survey, TNA. 6. Biggs-Gridley Memorial Hospital, Grid­ the ratio of options granted to senior manage­ subcommittee were briefed by Dr. Dennis ment and management employees is a much ley, CA 006930885. Withdrawal. O'Leary, head of JCAHO, on the specific 7. The Hayward Hospital, Hayward, CA more principled way to limit the benefits re­ problems at specific hospitals which the 006930945. Withdrawal. ceived by the most senior managers than is JCAHO has identified in the last year. The 8. Lorna Linda Community Hospital, Lorna the artificial dollar limitation now embodied in briefing raised a number of concerns about Linda, CA 006931275. Conditional. the incentive stock option rules. the quality of hospital services. 9. Lorna Linda University Medical, Lorna The tax consequences of an opportunity We found that some hospitals have no Linda, CA 006931290. Conditional. stock option can be described quite simply. system to monitor and evaluate the medical 10. Los Angeles County-King/Drew, Los The excess of the fair market value of the care being provided to Medicare patients. Angeles, CA 006938521. Conditional. 11. Los Angeles County /University of stock acquired upon the exercise of the option Therefore, these hospitals have no way to Southern California Medical Center, Los over the option price paid for the stock-com­ assure quality of care, whatsoever. Angeles, CA 006931580. Conditional. monly referred to as the "spread"-would A number of hospitals do not review surgi­ 12. Queen of Angels/Hollywood Presbyte­ always be subject to the· regular income tax­ cal cases, as they are expected and required rian Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA and not to the minimum tax-as ordinary to do. This means that these hospitals have 003002950. Conditional. income and the employer would receive a tax no way to protect beneficiaries against unnec­ 13. AMI South Bay Hospital, Redondo deduction equal to the spread. To promote essary surgery and patients may be subjected Beach, CA 006932540. Conditional. 14. Pacific Coast Hospital, San Francisco, both the early exercise of opportunity stock to the risks of surgery without cause. We have identified hospitals without infec­ CA 006932877. Conditional. options and the long-term holding of the un­ 15. Kaweah Delta District Hospital, Visa­ derlying stock, the employee tax-and the tion control systems. These hospitals do not lia, CA 006933850. Conditional. employer deduction-would be deferred until check the adequacy of their sterilization pro­ 16. Lincoln Community Hospital, Hugo, the employee disposed of the stock. Any addi­ cedures; they may be using surgical instru­ CO. 006849160 Conditional. tional gain on the disposition would generally ments on patients that are dirty or contaminat­ 17. Floyd County Memorial Hospital, be taxable as income from the sale of a cap­ ed by bacteria. Without infection control, no Charles City, lA 006620215. Withdrawal. one knows. · 18. Clarinda Municipal Hospital, Clarinda, ital asset, just like sales from other investment Certain hospitals do not conduct blood lA 006620240. Withdrawal. assets, which would be taxed as ordinary usage reviews. Blood usage reviews protect 19. Winneshiek County Memorial, De­ income or capital gain in accordance with the patients against receiving incompatible or corah, lA 006620380. Conditional. then prevailing law. However, if the employee 20. Broadlawns Medical Center, Des tainted blood. A patient receiving incompatible Moines, lA 006620400. Conditional. disposed of the stock within 2 years from the blood dies. A patient receiving tainted blood date the option was exercised, the employee 21. Dewitt Community Hospital, Dewitt, risks infection with hepatitis, AIDS, or other vi­ lA 006620475. Conditional. would also generally have to pay the Govern­ ruses or bacteria. 22. Knoxville Area Community, Knoxville, ment an interest charge so that he or she We also found hospitals which cannot docu­ lA 006620830. Conditional. would get no economic benefit from the defer­ ment that they are not dumping poor patients 23. Mahaska County Hospital, Oskaloosa, ral of the tax on the spread. from their emergency rooms nor assure that lA 006621099. Conditional. This is very important legislation, Mr. Speak­ patients are not held in the emergency room 24. Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL er. If enacted, it would promote the crucial prior to receiving life-saving treatment. 006430600. Contingency, TNA. goals of employee ownership and increased 25. Jackson Park Hospital, Chicago, IL The biggest problem of all which we found, 006430780. Conditional. corporate productivity and efficiency. As I a problem verified by the General Accounting 26. Gibson Community Hospital, Gibson stated before, if we are serious about compet­ Office, is that an unconscionable period of City, IL 006431782. Conditional. ing effectively in the global market, legislative time goes by between identification of a prob­ 27. Hopedale Medical Complex, Hopedale, measures such as this need to be enacted. lem and follow up by JCAHO to assure that IL 006431911. Conditional.

39~59 0-91-31 (Pt. 13) 19104 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 24, 1990 28. Marion Memorial Hospital, Marion, IL JUSTICE FOR THE pressing Israel by denying her peace; Israel 006432165. Conditional. PALESTINIANS is a victim of Arab enmity and threat, and, 29. John & Mary E. Kirby Hospital, Mon­ as a result, has been forced to act as a tem­ ticello, IL 006432280. Conditional. porary oppressor of the Palestinians. 30. Bunkie General Hospital, Bunkie, LA HON. JON L. KYL The original reason why the Palestinians 006720143. Conditional. OF ARIZONA do not have their own state is that in 1948, 31. Hamilton Medical Center, Lafayette, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES when the UN ordered that such a state be created, the Arab armies prevented it. Most LA 006720334. Conditional. Tuesday, July 24, 1990 32. Jo Ellen Smith Psych. Hospital, New of the territory the new Palestinian state Orleans, LA 000037027. Conditional. Mr. KYL. Mr. Speaker, the foiled terrorist was supposed to get was occupied by Jordan. 33. Rivernorth Treatment Center, Pine­ attack by the PLO against a beach near Tel The reason why Arabs from Israel are still ville, LA 003008429. Conditional. Aviv, which led to the suspension of the in refugee camps forty years after World 34. Richland Parish Hospital, Rayville, LA United States-PLO dialog, served to remind us War II is that the Arab states decided their 006720767. Withdrawal. suffering could be used as a political lever all of the enduring and intractable Middle East against Israel. 35. Louisiana State Univ Hospital, Shreve­ conflict, of which the Palestinian question is a The key point is that the Palestinians, in port, LA 006720776. Conditional. part, and, to date, the inability to reach a last­ addition to being their own nation, are also 36. Gaebler Children's Center, Waltham, ing resolution to this conflict. part of the Arab nation. To appreciate how MA 000035863. Full survey TNA. There is only one reason why a solution has central the Palestinians' Arab connection is 37. Saint Mary's Health Services, Grand to the question of justice, compare what Is­ Rapids, MI 006441210. Conditional. remained elusive; namely, Israel's Arab neigh­ bors, less Egypt. refuse to recognize Israel's rael's two relationships with her neighbors 38. Weiner Memorial, Marshall, MN would be if they could be separated: 006610795. Conditional. right to exist. Israel and the Palestinians: Israel is 39. Stevens Comm Memorial Hospital, In trying to understand the conflict in the strong, the Palestinians are weak; Israel Morris, MN 006611190. Conditional. Middle East, I found the following article by holds all the disputed territory; Palestinians 40. Sandstone Area Hospital, Sandstone, Max Singer very informative. Mr. Singer puts never started a war against Israel and say MN 006611742. Contingency TNA. the Middle East conflict, and what is needed they want peace . But Egypt has existence. ND 006640400. Withdrawal. now been accepted back into the Arab fold, The nature of Israel's obligation to the 46. Wentworth-Douglass Hospital, Dover. and President Hosni Mubarak has just Palestinians, therefore, depends upon NH 006120080. Conditional. launched a new "peace" proposal. This "ten­ whether Israel has an obligation to ignore 47. Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH point plan," responding to the Israeli plan their Arab connection. So we have to ask 006120110. Conditional. to hold West Bank elections, proposes inter how significant that link really is. alia that all Palestinians, including those in First of all, the Palestinians get their 48. The Cheshire Medical Center, Keene, East Jerusalem, be allowed to vote and run power from the Arab states. While it is the NH 006120180. Conditional. for office, that Israel allow international su­ struggle of Palestinian people in the territo­ 49. Nashua Memorial Hospital, Nashua, pervision of the process, and that the army ries that makes news and appears to be the NH 006120290. Conditional. withdraw from the "area of polling places" cause of the pressure on Israel to negotiate 50. St. Joseph's Hospital, Nashua, NH on election day. with the PLO, that appearance is an illu­ 006120300. Conditional. There is a certain check in Arab countries sion. The Palestinians' struggle would have 51. Newport Hospital, Newport, NH But if Israel defend herself weakens the prospects for long-term underlying conflict. The world's were tempted to do so by opening negotia­ peace. concern for the Palestinians should be ex­ tions with the Palestinians for a new Pales­ The Arab countries pressed by demands that the Arab states tinian state, she would be moving away are impressed by power. If Israel is forced move toward peace. The United States must from peace. The key to moving toward back-except in the context of an Arab give the Arabs reason to think that peace is to respond to the causes of the real defeat, as in 1973-the Arab countries will while they refuse to move toward peace, war, which is why the Egyptian ten points be encouraged to think that their faith in they will not gain American favor, and are not helpful. Islam's power is being vindicated and that the longer they wait, the worse the terms The original-cause was the Arab states' re­ they should redouble their efforts. They will be for them. fusal to have a Jewish state in the Middle will never be satisfied by Israeli concessions In sum, the way to pursue peace is to East. In the forty years since Israel's cre­ or retreats. expose and counter the Arab strategy, ex­ ation, the Arab states have learned that But even once the Arab states understand pressed anew in the Egyptian ten points, of they cannot defeat Israel militarily . They have there remain three major obstacles to Palestinian war. Israel should stop discuss­ no active programs to destroy Israel; their peace. First, the Arab countries don't stand ing the terms of peace until the Arab states military forces us for the peace. On the other h and, if such a settle­ Griggs achieved, however, five members of other countries to make peace, but with ment led hopeful Arabs to think that Israeli the Supreme Court gutted it last year in the Syria, Iraq, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia includ­ power has begun to decline, then the Arab Wards Cove case. The Civil Rights Act of ed, there is no other Arab state that could states would be completely unwilling to challenge the legitimacy of their action. Al­ make peace. Evidence of Israeli weakness 1990 restores the disparate impact theory and though peace treaties won't solve every­ would stimulate Arab enmity at least as breathes life again into title VII. thing, they would be an important step for much as Israeli "oppression" of Palestin­ For 6 months, critics of this legislation have at least three reasons. First, signing peace ians. complained that these rules, if reestablished, treaties would force Arab governments to This does not mean that Israel can't would be too difficult for employers to meet. explain to their people why it is right to afford to make voluntary concessions once work forces are numerically proportioned so an Israeli embassy, flying the Israeli flag, in the current uprising has been clearly defeat­ they can avoid lawsuits they cannot win. But each Arab capital will help prepare new gen­ ed. But if Israel were forced to surrender for 6 months, and through 10 hearings and erations of Arabs to accept the idea of Israe­ most of the territories by internal political li legitimacy. Third, Arab leaders · who divisions, rock-throwing Arab crowds, and three markups, none of these critics has of­ oppose attacking Israel or taking terrorist foreign pressure, that would exactly contra­ fered a shred of evidence that supports their actions against her will be in a stronger po­ dict all the requirements of the pursuit of assertions. Indeed, how could they, when 19 sition if their country has signed a peace peace. It would remove any pressure on the years of case law and experience suggests treaty. Arab states to move toward peace. It would otherwise? But before any Arab government will even demonstrate the success of a cheap form of I would like to submit for inclusion in the consider making peace with Israel it must be Arab attack against Israel. It would show Is­ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD two articles by rael's reluctance to do what is necessary to convinced that Israel cannot be destroyed. Sholom D. Comay, president of the American As it happens, the main hope for destroying protect herself. And the maximum gain is a Jewish Committee, which clarify this misper­ Israel is internal dissension, followed by tenuous peace with only part of Israel's conflict between Israel and the U.S. ANGERS!NCREASE Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, it gives record concerning the AIDS funding trend. To the Editor: me great pleasure to recognize today a truly Your July 8 article on personal watercraft fine and patriotic American, Ann Shires of "There is a disproportionate amount within as pleasure or nuisance neglects to mention the framework of what we're spending on bio­ that these new "toys" can be not only dis­ Miami Beach, FL. medical research given to AI OS when you turbing but also dangerous, and some vehi­ In 1986, this outstanding constituent wrote compare cancer and heart disease," Dr. Fauci cles may be more dangerous than others. a song expressing her great love for freedom said. Safety in the use of these vehicles has and our grand flag. Her song, entitled, "Ameri­ When the full record is reviewed, I believe become a public-policy issue because in­ can Flag," pays tribute and praise to that flag the need to remove politics from the health creasing numbers of people have been killed which has flown proudly for over 200 years. research allocation process becomes appar­ or injured in their use. Ann Shires is a patriot, who recognizes all The House of Representatives Commerce, ent. As I said at the onset, policymakers must Consumer and Monetary Affairs Subcom­ that the flag stands for, and is willing to stand balance the health needs of an entire popula­ mittee, which I head, has investigated the by it and is proud to keep it flying. She knows tion. safety and regulation of these vehicles for that the stars and stripes are meant to be re­ The momentum of AIDS has pushed other more than two years. The Coast Guard, spected and that pledging allegiance is a health needs to the periphery. It's time we which collects statistics from state authori­ virtue, not a vice. took a step back to regain our perspective ties on all boating-related deaths and inju­ Include Ann Shires as one who loves the and refocus our health research efforts based ries, reports to me that it knows of 55 flag of the United States of America and the deaths and more than 1,000 serious injuries on priorities rather than politics. since 1985 connected with use of personal Republic for which it stands and I am honored watercraft. The figures may be incomplete to include her song for all to read and enjoy: PERSONAL WATERCRAFT: because the Coast Guard estimates it re­ AMERICAN FLAG ceives reports on only 5 percent to 10 per­ DANGEROUS TOYS? cent of all nonfatal accidents. One purpose of my investigation is to determine if more This is my flag, red, white and blue with 50 HON. DOUG BARNARD, JR. precise data collection should be required. stars. Each star is a state of the Union. OF GEORGIA People have been killed in collisions with personal watercraft. A woman in a rubber This is my flag which represents freedom to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES raft on vacation in Hawaii was killed by a everyone. Tuesday, July 24, 1990 fast-moving motor craft driven by a 6-year­ This is my flag of 200 years. old boy. Most often collisions result, in the It will never, never die, it will always live no Mr. BARNARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise to alert Coast Guard's words, from "the deliberate matter how small, crumbled or ripped. my colleagues to the possible dangers to in­ desire of the operators to use the maneuver­ This flag will live and fly across every hill, nocent bystanders arising from the use of ability of the craft to the utmost-by riding valley, mountain top, moon and small, motorized watercraft, known as water in very close proximity to other boats, planet. 19110 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 24, 1990 I'm proud to be an American who flys the tensive "meddling" by Congress in the for­ The early military supplies were fairly greatest, grandest flag in the world. eign policy process, though, ironically, it is paltry. Even the $30 million plus other do­ It is the red, white and blue with 50 stars. almost never cited as such by those who in nations from supportive Muslim nations For as long as America lives so will "Old other contexts deplore the emergence of brought little in the way of modern or effec­ Glory" that is forever, that is forever. "535 secretaries of state." tive weapons. As a result, on Sept. 30, 1982, This is the flag of 200 years. Congress has forced two successive admin­ a liberal Democrat from Massachusetts, It's the flag of the American Revolution, istrations to spend money, mount programs Sen. Paul Tsongas, introduced a non-bind­ Bunker Hill, Boston Tea Party and and switch tactics in both covert and overt ing resolution cosponsored by 98 other sena­ Continental Congress. efforts to oust the Soviets and topple the tors, calling on the administration to give This is the flag our forefathers fought for, Kabul regime installed by the Soviet inva­ the Afghan resistance "effective material Washington, Adams, Jefferson and sion in 1979. assistance." It would be "indefensible to Lincoln. Pressure from Capitol Hill has been in­ provide the freedom fighters with only It is our Bill of Rights, Declaration of Inde­ strumental in everything from supplying enough aid to fight and die, but not enough pendence, Constitution, Liberty Bell, the Afghan resistance with sophisticated to advance their cause," the resolution Gettysburg Address, Statue of Liberty, surface-to-air missiles to providing a U.S.­ stated when it was introduced. and most of all liberty and freedom. sponsored reading room for Afghan refu­ Only Sen. Charles McC. Mathias Jr., a lib­ This is the greatest flag in the world. gees in a distant, dusty, provincial capital of eral Republican from Maryland, stopped it And without our mother country, England, Pakistan. from getting unanimous support, likening it we would never have had this flag, so Although lawmaker's activism has often to the 1965 Gulf of Tonkin resolution that we must thank, thank you very, very involved confrontation with executive essentially authorized the Vietnam War. much. branch officials, those same officials have The Tsongas resolution would give Presi­ For our brave soldiers who fought all the not shied from seeking congressional allies dent Reagan a similar blank check, Mathias wars for freedom home and abroad, so as a way of bringing weight to bear in bu­ said. And as acting chairman of the Foreign that our flag and America could live in reaucratic disputes. In fact today, with no Relations Committee, the body before peace, we are eternally grateful. victory in sight for the anticommunist re­ which the Tsongas resolution lay, Mathias For our brave astronauts who explore the sistance, a senior official who is intimately ensured it never moved. wonders of space, and implanted the involved in developing and implementing Still, it had an effect. In December, flag on the moon, we are proud. U.S. policy on Afghanistan says: "The move­ Reagan instructed the CIA to provide the ment in the State Department and the resistance with better weapons, including White House is just to get rid of the prob­ mortars, grenade launchers, mines and re­ CONGRESS CARRIES THE lem by whatever method necessary. Only coilless rifles, all of Soviet origin. Hidden in TORCH FOR AFGHAN RESIST­ Congress can save the Afghans now." the Defense Department's annual appro­ ANCE Whether Congress is inclined to do so is priations bill, but administered by the CIA, the subject of some speculation. A member the military aid soon grew to $80 million per of the Senate Appropriations Committee year and later into hundreds of millions of HON. DAVID DREIER staff, while denying report that support for dollars annually. OF CALIFORNIA U.S. aid to the resistance is crumbling, add: Senior CIA officials also went to work IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "It's a closer call in the Congress than it urging members of Congress to oppose the Tuesday, July 24, 1990 was two years ago, but not so close as to put Tsongas resolution if versions of it came up the program in jeopardy." The staff again, say aides who worked for Congress at Mr. DREIER of California. Mr. Speaker, as member thinks that Mikhail Gorbachev's the time. "The agency felt that any public the struggle continues in Afghanistan against crackdown in Lithuania may have shored up discussion of aid to the Afghans would en­ the totalitarian regime of Najibullah, much of support that had flagged as the Cold War danger supply lines through Pakistan," says what is going on there is ignored by the wound down and the resistance fighters, one former staff member. media. The Soviets admitted the bankruptcy known as mujahideen, failed to unite and Tsongas reintroduced the resolution in achieve a quick victory. October 1983 with 67 other cosponsors, of their occupation of Afghanistan, although "Before the Baltic states issue," says the about one-third of the original 99 having they still send in, by some accounts, almost staff member, "people were asking, 'Aren't withdrawn after hearing the CIA argument. $300 million per month to prop up the Najibul­ you being unreasonable in continuing on Af­ At a closed Senate briefing in January 1984, lah regime. It seems that when the Soviets of­ ghanistan in light of all the good things be­ State Department officials insisted that the ficially withdrew, we in the United States lost tween the Soviet and us?' Now there is less "material assistance" phrase be deleted. interest. But, Mr. Speaker, we must not forget of a willingness in the Congress to give Gor­ Saying he did not want to jeopardize the the valiant resistance fighters in Afghanistan. bachev the benefit of the doubt." aid, Tsongas did not push the issue. On Sept. 25, the Foreign Relations Committee Their struggle for freedom and self-determina­ A COALITION IS BORN deleted the "material assistance" phrase tion continues. I would commend to my col­ Congress first became actively involved in and inserted a generalized request that the leagues an excellent article from Insight mag­ the war effort out of unwillingness to give United States "encourage and support the azine on congressional support of the Afghan the CIA the benefit of the doubt. Declaring people of Afghanistan to continue their resistance and ask that it be printed into the that the United States had "a moral obliga­ struggle [and] support effectively the RECORD. tion" to arm the Afghan resistance. Presi­ people of Afghanistan in their fight for dent Carter in January 1980 allocated $30 freedom." The resolution passed 97-0 Oct. 3, AFGHAN FRONT RESTS ON CAPITOL HILL million for covert military assistance for of that time, the House Foreign Affairs CIA and the State Department would also It took an act of Congress to fight the Committee barely touched on it." endure. Afghan war. Indeed, it took several acts of Backed by the CIA, President Mohammad Jamsheed K.A. Marker, Pakistan's ambas­ Congress, a multitude of resolutions, a task Zia-ul-Haq of Pakistan insisted on "plausi­ sador to the United States under President force of legislators and a great deal of lob­ ble deniability" for the delivery of weapons Zia, says three separate U.S. powers were at bying. through his country to the resistance, so work in implementing Afghan policy: the Afghanistan has been held up as a rare most activity was shrouded in secrecy. In administration, the CIA and Congress. "The example of bipartisan congressional support part for this reason, early attempts by Con­ role of Congress was twofold," says Marker, for a president's activist foreign policy. It is gress to get involved in the Afghan cause now living in Florida and writing a book on also an example of what is often called ex- were far from simple. the subject. "It was almost the only issue on July 24, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19111 which there was wall-to-wall support from Humphrey in gratitude for their help. Wil­ On the floor, Dole continued: "I am not both the Democrats and the Republicans. son's hangs over his congressional office certain the State Department knows who it The second point is that the administration door. Humphrey gave his to a young aide will be at this point but I hope we might -" sometimes found itself one step behind. Had who worked on Afghanistan. Byrd interjected: "Maybe Senator Hum­ it not been for Congress, I'm not sure that Gratitude to Humphrey went back a ways. phrey." many things, including the supply of certain Elected in November 1984 for his second THE QUETTA QUEST weapons to the resistance, would have oc­ term as a conservative Republican senator curred.'' from New Hampshire, Humphrey picked up At times, sections of the administration Most crucial among those "certain weap­ the cudgel for the Afghan resistance-with leaked details of problems they were facing ons" was the Stinger. ''The Stingers a vengeance. He immediately had his staff to Humphrey, believe he would happily cut changed the face of the war," says Moham­ research how supplies were reaching the through red tape or find funds they felt mad Hasham, an Afghan guerrilla com­ guerrillas, sending aides to Peshawar, the were necessary. Such was the case with the mander now visiting the United States. Pakistani border town where the mujahi­ establishment of a U.S. Information Agency "After they arrived, the Soviets no longer deen are headquartered. He was not happy country program for Afghanistan. ruled from the skies." with what they found. A 1986 USIA memo given to Humphrey Before the surface-to-air missiles arrived, Humphrey says he found in the Senate "a said "a gap exists" in U.S. diplomacy in Af­ by all accounts, a battle royal broke out vacuum of interest" in the war. : · ences and achievement of Italian-Americans seniors policies that are worth little more than Joined the Ku Klux Klan in picketing in this country. This commerative legislation the paper on which they are written. school boards in West Virginia, against Afri­ will continue a tradition I initiated last year I am a cosponsor of H.R. 4840, the Medi­ can American authors whom the KKK ac­ cused of authoring "nigger text books;" when Congress, for the first time, passed and gap Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act of 1990. the President signed a resoltuion designating This bill will establish new standards to pro­ Target Members· of the Congressional Black Caucus: October, 1989 as Italian-American Heritage tect senior citizens in Alabama and across the Use their newspaper to smear their oppo­ and Culture Month. Nation from fraud and abuse in the Medigap sition; mostly black elected officials, includ­ The Italian-American community is one of market. This legislation requires the National ing the Jackson Advocate, a black weekly in the largest ethnic groups in the United States Association of Insurance Commissioners to Mississippi; representing over 20 million American citizens. provide uniform standards for the Medigap Use a battery of lawyers to file harass­ Their experiences are not unlike those of market and increases the penalty against ment suits against those who criticize them: other immigrant groups who have journeyed to Use some African Americans to front for those who knowingly sell policies that dupli­ our shores seeking greater opportunities and cate health benefits a person already has. them, and then run as candidates against African American elected officials; a new and better life. Italian-Americans, like H.R. 4840 requires Medicare supplemental Harass those who disagree with them; and other immigrant groups, have aspired to the insurance policies to meet consumer protec­ Supply major newspapers with false infor­ attainment of the American dream and their tion standards relating to simplification, nondu­ mation about their critics. contributions have helped shape the great plication and minimum loss ratios. It requires The above is Just a small sample of their tapestry of the United States. July 24, 1990 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19115 The designation of October as Italian-Ameri­ Philip Mazzei, credited with coining the Decla­ grams and events during the month of Octo­ can Heritage and Culture Month will honor ration of Independence phrase, "All men are ber in conjunction with Italian-American Herit­ Christopher Columbus and his unique place in created equal," Enrico Fermi, one of the early age and Culture Month. These events will American history and will feature the many pioneers of nuclear physics, and others who bring to the attention of the public the great contributions and achievements of Italians and have contributed so much to the development contributions Italian-Americans have to our so­ Italian-Americans in every facet of life in these of our country. ciety. United States. In addition, a key objective of There are many Italian-American groups Mr. Speaker, it is with great honor and pride this commemoration will be to acquaint the and organizations throughout the country that I propose this legislation. I wholeheartedly American public with the lesser known per­ which greatly contribute to the progress and urge my colleagues to join me in designating sonages such as William Paca, an original prosperity of our Nation on a yearly basis. October 1990 as "Italian-American Heritage signer of the Declaration of Independence, These organizations are planning special pro- ~nd Culture Month."