Land Unit Master

Land Unit Information Sheet

Land system name: Southern Plateau

Land unit: SP2

General description This land unit represents the middle and lower slopes in a landscape of an undulating plain. Reddish brown Chromosols (texture-contrast profiles) are dominant. Topsoil depth and subsoil colour vary according to position in the landscape and hydromorphic conditions respectively. However, most common are thick, reddish brown sandy loam topsoils over very deep, red clayey subsoils. An ironstone hardpan may be present below 1.5m. Tall sparse woodlands of Eucalyptus melanophloia (silver-leaved ironbark) and Corymbia dallachiana (ghost gum) are dominant. The mid-strata contains Acacia excelsa (ironwood), A. coriacea (false sandalwood), Bursaria incana (prickly pine), Petalostigma pubescens (quinine tree) and Archidendropsis basaltica (deadfinish). The ground layer is dominated by Triodia pungens (gummy spinifex), but Aristida species (wire grass), Themeda triandra (kangaroo grass), Heteropogon contortus (black spear grass) and Panicum effusum (two-colour panic) are common. Regional ecosystem 10.5.5 is predominant.

Site characteristics Landform element Average slope Plain 1% Site drainage Soil permeability Moderately well drained Moderately permeable Flooding risk Inundation risk Nil Nil Potential recharge to groundwater Soil depth Moderate Very deep; 1.5 - 5.0 m Present land use Grazing

Susceptibility to land degradation processes

Sheet erosion Gully erosion Wind erosion Salting High Low Low Very low

This information has been generated from the Desert Uplands Land Resource Database. The Environmental Protection Agency accepts no liability for any decisions or actions taken on the basis of this information. State of Queensland. Environmental Protection Agency 2004.

7/12/2005 Land Unit SP2 - page 1 Representative site number: 707

Soil classification Australian Soil Classification Principle Profile Form CH AA AG CD - D E L O X Dr2.22 - 2/0/065

General soil description A very deep, texture-contrast profile with a thick, sandy loam topsoil over a red clay.

Soil profile morphology

Horizon Horizon no Depth Description A1 1 0.00 - 0.09 Dark brown sandy loam; No mottles; no coarse fragments; Massive; no segregations; Dry firm; Clear to; A2 2 0.09 - 0.65 Yellowish red sandy loam; No mottles; very few small pebbles subangular Quartz coarse fragments; Massive; no segregations; Dry weak; Clear to; B2t 3 0.65 - 2.00+ Red medium clay; No mottles; very few small pebbles subangular Quartz coarse fragments; Moderate 10-20 mm subangular blocky structure; Very few (0 - 2 %) Fine (0 - 2 mm) Ferromanganiferous Concretions Dry firm;

Soil chemical analysis P S H A D P h a G N o O S o i l H S l o u s m s r D r t u o t r o l s p i

a m a t g a z c t e d p a a r p v e r s k a o o p i i t i H t i e h r z s n c t e i n u n n t s n e o l o i i h i n i s

u t t i u r g c % n n r o e y t m m u

o n n s . t

A1 1 0.00 - 0.09 6.3 0.20 Deficient Deficient Very low 0 Nil - Very low Low N N High A2 2 0.09 - 0.65 5.7 0.13 Deficient Deficient Very low 0.28 Nil - Very low Very low N Y Moderate

7/12/2005 Land Unit SP2 - page 2 Field sites within this land unit (see technical report for original site nos.) Site code Site type Site code Site type Site code Site type Site code Site type 242 DUSLARA Tertiary 572 DUSLARA Primary 675 DUSLARA Tertiary 842 DUSLARA Tertiary 243 DUSLARA Tertiary 573 DUSLARA Tertiary 679 DUSLARA Tertiary 843 DUSLARA Tertiary 244 DUSLARA Tertiary 574 DUSLARA Tertiary 680 DUSLARA Tertiary 844 DUSLARA Primary 260 DUSLARA Tertiary 575 DUSLARA Tertiary 689 DUSLARA Primary 853 DUSLARA Tertiary 261 DUSLARA Primary 576 DUSLARA Tertiary 690 DUSLARA Tertiary 854 DUSLARA Tertiary 262 DUSLARA Tertiary 580 DUSLARA Tertiary 691 DUSLARA Tertiary 856 DUSLARA Tertiary 263 DUSLARA Tertiary 584 DUSLARA Tertiary 692 DUSLARA Tertiary 4003 Corveg 266 DUSLARA Tertiary 586 DUSLARA Tertiary 695 DUSLARA Primary 4023 Corveg 270 DUSLARA Tertiary 587 DUSLARA Tertiary 696 DUSLARA Tertiary 4055 Corveg 288 DUSLARA Tertiary 588 DUSLARA Primary 707 DUSLARA Primary 4074 Corveg 315 DUSLARA Tertiary 593 DUSLARA Tertiary 709 DUSLARA Tertiary 4075 Corveg 316 DUSLARA Tertiary 602 DUSLARA Tertiary 710 DUSLARA Tertiary 4076 Corveg 317 DUSLARA Secondary 603 DUSLARA Tertiary 721 DUSLARA Tertiary 4082 Corveg 350 DUSLARA Tertiary 604 DUSLARA Tertiary 723 DUSLARA Tertiary 4083 Corveg 415 DUSLARA Primary 614 DUSLARA Tertiary 724 DUSLARA Tertiary 4084 Corveg 420 DUSLARA Tertiary 649 DUSLARA Primary 735 DUSLARA Primary 4092 Corveg 528 DUSLARA Primary 650 DUSLARA Tertiary 764 DUSLARA Tertiary 4205 Corveg 557 DUSLARA Tertiary 672 DUSLARA Primary 820 DUSLARA Tertiary 4256 Corveg 558 DUSLARA Tertiary 673 DUSLARA Tertiary 822 DUSLARA Tertiary 4418 Corveg 559 DUSLARA Tertiary 674 DUSLARA Tertiary 824 DUSLARA Tertiary 4423 Corveg

Summary of plant species within this land unit

Species Common name Abutilon sp. lantern flower Acacia aneura mulga* Acacia argyrodendron blackwood*, black gidgee* Acacia cambagei gidgee*, stinking wattle, silver gidgee Acacia coriacea desert oak, wirewood, dogwood, wiry wattle Acacia coriacea subsp. sericophylla Acacia crassa - Acacia excelsa ironwood*, brigalow, bunkerman, ironwood wattle Acacia harpophylla brigalow*, bricklow, orkor Acacia leptostachya slender wattle Acacia longispicata wattle, black wattle, curracabah Acacia melleodora waxy wattle Acacia oswaldii miljee*, nelia, cooba, karagata, midget tree, ram's horn tree, umbrella wattle Acacia pendula myall*, balaar, bastard gidgee, boree, nilyah, silver-leaf boree, true myall, weeping myall Acacia sp. - Acacia tenuissima narrow-leaved wattle Alphitonia excelsa soap bush*, red ash, soaptree, white myrtle Alternanthera denticulata lesser joyweed*, joyweed, rock joyweed Amyema sp. mistletoe Archidendropsis basaltica red lancewood*, dead finish, eastern dead finish Aristida calycina dark wiregrass, branched wiregrass Aristida calycina var. calycina dark wiregrass Aristida echinata prickly threeawn, blue wiregrass, No. 8 wiregrass, tall wiregrass Aristida holathera erect kerosene grass, wiregrass, kerosene grass, large silver grass, tall kerosene grass

7/12/2005 Land Unit SP2 - page 3 Species Common name Aristida holathera var. holathera erect kerosene grass, wiregrass Aristida inaequiglumis unequal threeawn, feathertop threeawn, wiregrass Aristida ingrata wire grass Aristida sp. three-awn speargrass*, wiregrass Boerhavia coccinea (8) tarvine* Bothriochloa bladhii forest bluegrass*, bluegrass, Burnett River bluegrass, mountain bluegrass Bothriochloa or Dichanthium sp. - Bothriochloa sp. Brachychiton populneus kurrajong Brachyscome sp. daisy Bursaria incana hoary blackthorn*, prickly pine*, mock orange Calandrinia balonensis broad-leaved parakeelya*, parakeelya* Callitris glaucophylla white cypress pine* Calotis xanthosioidea - Calytrix exstipulata pink fringe myrtle, desert heather, Kimberley heather, turkey bush Calytrix microcoma desert fringe myrtle, desert heather Canthium attenuatum myrtle Canthium oleifolium myrtle tree,* wild lemon Canthium sp. - Capparis lasiantha nipan,* nepine*, split jack *, wait-a-while Carissa lanceolata x ovata currant bush Carissa ovata currant bush*, blackberry*, kunkerberry*, baroom bush, burrum bush Carissa sp. currant bush Cenchrus ciliaris (1,5) buffel grass*, African foxtail, black buffel grass, Rhodesian foxtail, slender buffel grass Centipeda minima spreading sneezeweed, gukwonderuk, sneezeweed Chamaecrista biddulphiana - Chamaesyce drummondii caustic-weed*, caustic creeper, creeping spurge, flat spurge, mat spurge, spurgewort Cheilanthes sieberi mulga fern*, resurrection fern*, rock fern Chloris sp. - Chrysocephalum apiculatum yellow buttons*, common everlasting Chrysopogon fallax golden beardgrass*, golden-beard grass, ribbon grass Clerodendrum floribundum lollybush*, thurkoo* Comesperma pallidum - Corymbia clarksoniana (Eucalyptus grey bloodwood*, southern long-fruited bloodwood*, Clarkson's dolichocarpa) bloodwood Corymbia clarksoniana x C. plena bloodwood Corymbia clarksoniana x plena Corymbia dallachiana ghost gum Corymbia leichhardtii rustyjacket*, variable-leaved yellowjacket*, yellowjacket, Leichhardt's jacket Corymbia plena large fruited bloodwood Corymbia setosa (Eucalyptus setosa) rough-leaved bloodwood*, desert bloodwood, rough-leaf bloodwood, applejack, hairy gum Corymbia sp. bloodwood Corymbia terminalis (Eucalyptus western bloodwood*, desert bloodwood*, inland bloodwood, bloodwood, terminalis) kulcha, long-fruited bloodwood, pale bloodwood Cymbidium canaliculatum black orchid*, Queensland black orchid*, wild arrowroot*, tiger orchid, dampy-ampy, channel-leaved cymbidium, white-tongued cymbidium Cymbopogon bombycinus silky-top grass*, silky oilgrass, citronella grass, native lemon grass

7/12/2005 Land Unit SP2 - page 4 Species Common name Cymbopogon obtectus silkyheads*, lemon scentgrass, woolly-headed grass Cymbopogon refractus barbed-wire grass*, kangaroo grass, turpentine grass Cymbopogon sp. - Dianella rara lily Digitaria ammophila silky umbrella grass*, hairy umbrella grass, cotton panic, spider grass Digitaria brownii cotton panic*, cotton panic grass, woolly finger, cotton grass, silver spike grass Digitaria sp. - Digitaria violascens (1,5) bastard summergrass*, purple crabgrass Dodonaea sp. hopbush* Dodonaea stenophylla hop bush* Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima hop bush*, sticky hopbush*, broad-leaf hopbush Enneapogon lindleyanus canetop nineawn*, nine-awn grass*, prickly couch*, wiry nineawn, bottlewasher Enneapogon polyphyllus leafy nineawn*, limestone bottlewashers, oatgrass Enneapogon sp. bottlewashers* Enneapogon virens - Enteropogon sp. Epaltes australis spreading nutheads* Eragrostis basedowii neat lovegrass Eragrostis elongata clustered love grass*, close-headed lovegrass Eragrostis lacunaria purple lovegrass*, lovegrass, neverfail Eragrostis leptocarpa drooping lovegrass*, slender lovegrass Eragrostis sp. lovegrass Eragrostis speciosa handsome lovegrass Eremophila longifolia berrigan*, emubush, long-leaf eremophila, dogwood, emu apple, berrigan emubush, weeping emu bush Eremophila mitchellii sandalbox*, bastard sandalwood*, budda, false sandalwood, sandalwood Eriachne aristidea threeawn grass*, three-awn wanderrie, three-awn wanderrie grass, broad- leaf wanderrie grass Eriachne helmsii woollybutt wanderrie grass*, woollybutt wanderrie, buck wanderrie grass, bush wanderrie grass Eriachne mucronata mountain wanderrie grass*, rock grass Eriachne sp. - Eucalyptus ammophila sandplain red gum* Eucalyptus crebra ironbark*, narrow-leaved red ironbark*, narrow-leaf ironbark, red ironbark Eucalyptus melanophloia silver ironbark*, silver-leaf ironbark, broad-leaf ironbark, silver-leaved ironbark Eucalyptus melanophloia x E. whitei silver ironbark* x White's ironbark* Eucalyptus populnea poplar box*, bimble box*, egolla, nankeen gum, red box, white box Eucalyptus populnea x E. brownii box Eucalyptus similis Queensland yellowjacket*, yellowjacket Eucalyptus sp. box Eucalyptus sp. (Caldervale D.Jermyn - AQ582304) Eulalia aurea silky browntop*, browntop, satintop, sugar grass, swamp grass Evolvulus alsinoides tropical speedwell*, baby blue eyes* Evolvulus alsinoides var. decumbens Exocarpos cupressiformis native cherry*, cherry ballart*, wild cherry Flindersia dissosperma leopardwood*, scrub leopardwood Geijera parviflora wilga*, sheepbush, dogwood Glycine clandestina var. sericea twining glycine

7/12/2005 Land Unit SP2 - page 5 Species Common name Glycine latifolia trailing glycine Glycine tomentella woolly glycine*, rusty glycine Goodenia glabra smooth goodenia* Goodenia hirsuta - Grevillea parallela silver oak Grevillea striata beefwood* Hakea lorea corkbark, bootlace, corkwood, witinti, bootlace oak Heteropogon contortus black speargrass*, bunch speargrass*, speargrass Hybanthus enneaspermus spade flower*, blue spade flower Hypericum gramineum small St. Johns wort* Indigofera linifolia native indigo, narrow-leaf indigo Indigofera linnaei Birdsville indigo*, nine-leaf indigo Jacksonia rhadinoclona Miles dogwood* Jacksonia sp. - Lomandra sp. matrush* Lysiana subfalcata northern mistletoe Lysicarpus angustifolius budgeroo* Lysiphyllum carronii ebony tree*, red bauhinia*, small-leaved bauhinia*, northern bean tree, bauhinia, pegunny, Queensland ebony Maytenus cunninghamii yellow berry bush* Melaleuca nervosa paperbark teatree, woodland paperbark, fibrebark Melaleuca tamariscina - Melhania ovata Melinis repens (1,5) red natal grass*, natal grass, natal redtop Myoporum acuminatum coastal boobialla*, boobialla, water bush, native myrtle, western boobialla Oldenlandia mitrasacmoides - Oldenlandia mitrasacmoides subsp. trachymenoides Olearia subspicata shrubby daisy bush, turkey-bush, emubush Opuntia stricta (1,5) prickly pear, common prickly pear, common pest pear, erect prickly pear, smooth pest pear Owenia acidula emu apple*, gruie*, colane, sour plum Oxalis sp. oxalis Pandorea pandorana wonga vine*, pandorea Panicum effusum hairy panic*, branched panic, diffuse panic, effuse panic, poison panic, two-colour panic Panicum effusum (Panicum effusum var. effusum) Panicum sp. panicum Paraneurachne muelleri - Parsonsia lanceolata northern silkpod* Paspalidium caespitosum brigalow grass* Persoonia falcata milky plum, wild pear, geebung Petalostigma pubescens quinine tree*, bitterbark, native quince, quinine berry, quinine bush Phyllanthus lacerosus - Phyllanthus sp. Pimelea microcephala subsp. pimelea, mallee riceflower microcephala Pimelea trichostachya flaxweed*, spiked riceflower*, annual riceflower, bootlace plant, borgia's bouquet, broombush, spiked pimelea Platysace valida - Ptilotus polystachyus longtails, bottlewashers, green mulla-mulla

7/12/2005 Land Unit SP2 - page 6 Species Common name Ptilotus sp. - Rhynchosia minima var. australis rhynchosia* Rostellularia adscendens dwarf justicia*, pink tongues Rutidosis leucantha - Santalum lanceolatum plum bush*, sandalwood*, wild plum*, cherry bush, native plumbush, northern sandalwood, plumwood, true sandalwood, bush plum Sauropus trachyspermus slender spurge Schizachyrium fragile firegrass*, red spathe grass, small redleaf Schizachyrium pseudeulalia - Scleria brownii sedge Sclerolaena convexula tall copperburr, bindi Sclerolaena ramulosa - Sclerolaena sp. copperburr Senna artemisioides butter bush*, desert cassia*, silver cassia*, silver desert cassia* Senna artemisioides subsp. filifolia silver cassia, punty bush Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla silver cassia, limestone cassia, oval-leaf cassia Sida atherophora - Sida filiformis fine sida Sida rohlenae subsp. rohlenae shrub sida Sida sp. - Solanum ellipticum potato bush*, hillside flannel bush, potato weed, tomato bush, velvet nightshade, velvet potato bush, wild gooseberry Solanum ferocissimum native tomato Sporobolus caroli fairy grass*, yakka grass*, pretty sporobolus, small pepper grass Stylidium eglandulosum woolly-stemmed triggerplant* Stylidium eriorhizum - Stylosanthes scabra (1,5) shrubby stylo, seca stylo Themeda avenacea native oatgrass*, native oat, oat kangaroo grass, oatgrass, tall oat, tall oatgrass Themeda triandra kangaroo grass*, red oatgrass Triodia pungens soft spinifex, gummy spinifex, spinifex Triodia sp. spinifex Tripogon loliiformis five minute grass*, eight-day grass, rye beettle grass Unidentified forb - Ventilago viminalis supplejack*, vine tree, thandorah Vittadinia pustulata fuzzweed Vittadinia sp. - Wahlenbergia communis tufted bluebell*, native bluebell Zornia muriculata zornia*

1. Introduced plant 2. Consider for protection 3. Pending registration 4. Rare plant 5. Environmental weed 6. Endangered plant 7. Vulnerable plant 8. Agricultural pest * Wildnet preferred common name; Species in brackets refer to previously known name

Special features Implications for land use

7/12/2005 Land Unit SP2 - page 7 Special features Implications for land use This is an extensive land unit with a relatively consistent Although the soils have a very low nutrient status, and soil-vegetation association. phosphorus is deficient throughout, these areas are capable of Ironbark woodlands support a very high number of animal maintaining a reasonable level of productivity without losing species, including many of conservation significance. biodiversity, provided grazing pressure is controlled and They have a higher proportion of terrestrial mammals and paddocks are spelled during and after a wet season, every 3 reptiles than the box country, but are similarly significant or 4 years, to allow pastures to set seed and recover. for woodland bird species. The dispersive topsoils will compact if they are left without the This unit is characterised by a wide variety of plant protective vegetative ground cover to soften the impact of species, at ground level and mid-strata level under the raindrops and slow surface water flow. open canopy of ironbark. This land unit is included in Land Management Unit 9.

7/12/2005 Land Unit SP2 - page 8