Trichogramma Wasp

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Beneficial Species Profile Photo credit: Peggy Greb, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Bugwood.org Common Name: Trichogramma Wasp Scientific Name: Trichogramm spp. Order and Family: Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae Size and Appearance: Extremely tiny wasp with a three-segmented tarsi (front “foot” of insect). Short antennae with 7 or fewer segments. Hard to see with the naked eye. Similar to a tiny Drosophila spp., but with two sets of wings. Length (mm) Appearance Egg Almost unable to see by the <1mm eye; multiple eggs are laid inside of other insect species’ eggs Larva/Nymph Small and worm or maggot- <1mm like; eats its way out of the parasitized egg Adult Extremely tiny wasp with a 1mm or less three-segmented tarsi; short antennae with 7 or fewer segments; 2 sets of wings Pupa (if applicable) An extremely tiny silken <1mm cocoon Type of feeder (Chewing, sucking, etc.): Chewing mouthparts as a larva; siphoning as an adult Host/s: Eggs of other insects host the eggs and larvae; adults aren’t found in the wild frequently and are often introduced on purpose for biological control. Description of Benefits (predator, parasitoid, pollinator, etc.): Larvae are egg parasites, frequently used in biological control; adults lay eggs in foliage-damaging caterpillars before the plant is destroyed and also help pollinate. References: Borror, D. J., & White, R. E. (1970). A field Guide to Insects of North America (The Peterson Field Guide Series). New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin Company. Cranshaw, W., & Kondratieff, B. C. (2006). Guide to Colorado Insects. Englewood, CO: Westcliffe. Milne, L. J., & Milne, M. J. (1980). The Audubon Society field guide to North American insects and spiders. New York: Knopf. Triplehorn, C. A., Johnson, N. F., & Borror, D. J. (2005). Borror and DeLong's introduction to the study of insects (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thompson Brooks/Cole. Williams, M. (2008, September/October). Systematic Entomology Lecture. Lecture presented at Auburn University, Auburn, AL. .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), T
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/493643; this version posted December 13, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Description and biology of two new egg parasitoid species, 2 Trichogramma chagres and T. soberania (Hymenoptera: 3 Trichogrammatidae) reared from eggs of Heliconiini 4 butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) 5 collected in Panama 6 7 Jozef B. Woelke1,2, Viktor N. Fursov3, Alex V. Gumovsky3, Marjolein de Rijk1,4, Catalina 8 Estrada5, Patrick Verbaarschot1, Martinus E. Huigens1,6 and Nina E. Fatouros1,7 9 10 1 Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, 11 Wageningen, The Netherlands. 12 2 Current address: Business Unit Greenhouse Horticulture, Wageningen University & 13 Research, P.O. Box 20, 2665 Z0G, Bleiswijk, The Netherlands. 14 3 Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bogdan 15 Khmel’nitskiy Street 15, 01601, Kiev, Ukraine. 16 4 Faculty of Science, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The 17 Netherlands. 18 5 Imperial College London, Silwood Park campus, Buckhurst road, SL5 7PY, Ascot, UK. 19 6 Current address: Education Institute, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 59, 20 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands. bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/493643; this version posted December 13, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
[Show full text]
Attraction of Trichogramma Wasps to Brassica Nigra Plants Induced by Lepidopteran Eggs
Attraction of Trichogramma wasps to Brassica nigra plants induced by lepidopteran eggs Ilich A. Figueroa Supervisors: Nina Fatouros, Ties Huigens Examiner: Marcel Dicke MSc. Minor Thesis– ENT-80424 Report no. 010.27 MSc Plant Science Program Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University December, 2010 Abstract Plants possess a broad spectrum of defense mechanisms against herbivore attack. The black mustard Brassica nigra, is able to display early defense mechanism against egg infestation by pierid butterflies. This plant shows induced direct defense through hypersensitive response (HR), which kills the eggs as well as indirect defense by the emission of egg-induced plant volatiles that attract egg parasitoids such as Trichogramma wasp. In this study, I investigate whether B. nigra plants infested by the small cabbage white butterfly (Pieris rapae) or the cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae) express both kind of defense strategies, and whether plants expressing HR still attract Trichgramma wasps in the laboratory and in nature. Tests in the y-tube olfactometer showed that volatiles of plants infested with P. rapae eggs 24h after egg deposition were attractive to the egg parasitoid Trichogramma brassicae when tested against volatiles of uninfested plants. All tested P. rapae-infested plants expressed HR 24h after oviposition. In contrast, plants infested with M. brassicae eggs did not express HR. Volatiles of M. brassicae egg-infested plants were attractive to T. brassicae only when tested against clean air but not when tested against volatiles of uninfested plants. In nature, 77% of the P. rapae eggs collected from HR+ B. nigra plants died, whereby 37% because of Trichogramma parasitism. Eggs collected on HR- B.
[Show full text]
A Phylogenetic Analysis of the Megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera)
UC Riverside UC Riverside Previously Published Works Title A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3h73n0f9 Journal Cladistics, 29(5) ISSN 07483007 Authors Heraty, John M Burks, Roger A Cruaud, Astrid et al. Publication Date 2013-10-01 DOI 10.1111/cla.12006 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Cladistics Cladistics 29 (2013) 466–542 10.1111/cla.12006 A phylogenetic analysis of the megadiverse Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) John M. Heratya,*, Roger A. Burksa,b, Astrid Cruauda,c, Gary A. P. Gibsond, Johan Liljeblada,e, James Munroa,f, Jean-Yves Rasplusc, Gerard Delvareg, Peter Jansˇtah, Alex Gumovskyi, John Huberj, James B. Woolleyk, Lars Krogmannl, Steve Heydonm, Andrew Polaszekn, Stefan Schmidto, D. Chris Darlingp,q, Michael W. Gatesr, Jason Motterna, Elizabeth Murraya, Ana Dal Molink, Serguei Triapitsyna, Hannes Baurs, John D. Pintoa,t, Simon van Noortu,v, Jeremiah Georgea and Matthew Yoderw aDepartment of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA; bDepartment of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; cINRA, UMR 1062 CBGP CS30016, F-34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France; dAgriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada; eSwedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7007, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden; fInstitute for Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University
[Show full text]
Urban and Stored Products Entomology
Session 23 - URBAN AND STORED PRODUCTS ENTOMOLOGY [4018] ANALYSING mE IMPACT OF TERETRIUS NIGRESCENS ON [4020] NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY APPLIED PROSTEPHANUS TRUNCATUS IN MAIZE STORES IN WEST AFRICA PARASITOIDS AND HIDDEN INSECT LARVAE, COLEOPTERA, AND CHRONOLOGICAL AGE-GRADING N. Holsl'. W. G. Meikle', C. Nansen' & R. H. Markham', 'Danish lnsl. of Agricultural Sciences, Aakkebjerg, 4200 Siagelse, Denmark, E-mail [email protected]; F. E. Dowell', J. E. Throne', A. B. Broce', R. A. Wirtz', J. Perez' & J, E. Baker', 2International Insl. of Tropical Agriculture, 08 B. P. 0932 Tri-postal, Cotonou, Benin. 'USDA ARS Grain Marketing and Production Res. Center, 1515 College Ave .. Manhattan, KS 66502, USA, E-mail [email protected]; 2Dept. of Entomol., Kansas Since its accidental introduction into East and West Africa in the early 1980's the larger State Univ., Manhattan, KS 66506; 'Entomo!. Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, grain borer, Prostephanus truncarus (Co!.: Bostrichidae), has been expanding its Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta; GA 30341. geographical range and is rapidly becoming the most serious pest on stored maize and cassava in the whole sub-Saharan region. In its wake, scientists and extension officers Near-infrared spectroscopy (NlRS) was used to detect parasitoids in insect-infested wheat have been releasing the predator Teretrius (Teretriosoma) nigrescens (Col.: Histeridae) as kernels or parasitoids in house fly puparia, to detect hidden insects in grain. to identify a means of biological control. Based on results obtained in the early 1990' s in the initial stored-grain Coleoptera, and to age-grade Diptera. In tests to detect parasitized rice area of release in Togo and Benin, T.
[Show full text]
BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS of Trichogramma Maxacalii (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) on EGGS of Anagasta Kuehniella (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)
SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF Trichogramma maxacalii ON EGGS OF FACTITIOUS HOST Anagasta kuehniella 647 BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Trichogramma maxacalii (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) ON EGGS OF Anagasta kuehniella (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) OLIVEIRA, H. N.,1, 2, 3 ZANUNCIO, J. C.,1 PRATISSOLI, D.3 and PICANÇO, M. C.1 1Departamento de Biologia Animal, Setor Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP 36571-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil 2Bolsista PROFIX do CNPq, Brazil 3 Departamento de Fitotecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias da UFES, CEP 29500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil Correspondence to: Harley Nonato de Oliveira, Departamento de Fitotecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias da UFES, C.P. 16, CEP 29500-000, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil, e-mail: [email protected] Received May 13, 2002 – Accepted October 21, 2002 – Distributed November 30, 2003 (With 2 figures) ABSTRACT Individuals of two populations of Trichogramma maxacalii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) were collected from eggs of Euselasia apisaon (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), a lepidopteran defoliator of Eu- calyptus, in plantations in the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. This study investigated the sex ratio, number of parasitoids per egg, and longevity of individuals of these two populations of T. maxacalii, when this parasitoid was reared receiving eggs of the factitious host Anagasta kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in different periods after emergence, and with or without honey. Sex ratio of T. maxacalii varied from 0.44 to 0.60, and was affected by the interaction between populations, availability of food (honey), and length of time in which the parasitoid stayed without host eggs after their emer- gence. The population of T. maxacalii collected in São Paulo produced a larger number of individu- als per egg of the host A.
[Show full text]
Redalyc.Assessment of Trichogramma Species (Hymenoptera
Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy ISSN: 1679-9275 [email protected] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brasil Alvarenga Soares, Marcus; Demolin Leite, Germano Leão; Cola Zanuncio, José; Soares Ferreira, Cleidson; Leite Rocha, Silma; Mendes de Sá, Veríssimo Gibran Assessment of Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) for biological control in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, vol. 36, núm. 4, octubre-diciembre, 2014, pp. 403-408 Universidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=303031660002 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Acta Scientiarum http://www.uem.br/acta ISSN printed: 1679-9275 ISSN on-line: 1807-8621 Doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v36i4.17744 Assessment of Trichogramma species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) for biological control in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Marcus Alvarenga Soares1*, Germano Leão Demolin Leite2, José Cola Zanuncio3, Cleidson Soares Ferreira2, Silma Leite Rocha3 and Veríssimo Gibran Mendes de Sá4 1Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Rodovia MGT-367, Km 583, 5000, 39100-000, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 2Insetário George Washington Gomez de Moraes, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 3Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 4Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, João Monlevade, Minas Gerais, Brazil. *Author for correspondence. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT.
[Show full text]
Aerodynamic Effects of Varying Solid Surface Area of Bristled Wings Performing Clap and Fling
Bioinspiration & Biomimetics PAPER Aerodynamic effects of varying solid surface area of bristled wings performing clap and fling To cite this article: Mitchell P Ford et al 2019 Bioinspir. Biomim. 14 046003 View the article online for updates and enhancements. This content was downloaded from IP address 139.78.24.113 on 17/05/2019 at 17:13 IOP Bioinspir. Biomim. 14 (2019) 046003 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/ab1a00 Bioinspiration & Biomimetics Bioinspir. Biomim. 14 PAPER 2019 Aerodynamic effects of varying solid surface area of bristled wings 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd RECEIVED © 4 January 2019 performing clap and fing REVISED 2 April 2019 BBIICI Mitchell P Ford1, Vishwa T Kasoju1, Manikantam G Gaddam1 and Arvind Santhanakrishnan1,2 ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION 16 April 2019 1 School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States of America 2 Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed. 046003 PUBLISHED 17 May 2019 E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: thrips, fairyfies, bristled wings, fapping fight, clap and fing, aerodynamics M P Ford et al Supplementary material for this article is available online Abstract The smallest fying insects with body lengths under 2 mm show a marked preference for wings consisting of a thin membrane with long bristles, and the use of clap and fing kinematics to augment lift at Reynolds numbers (Re) of approximately 10. Bristled wings have been shown to reduce drag BB forces in clap and fing, but the aerodynamic roles of several bristled wing geometric variables remain unclear. This study examines the effects of varying the ratio of membrane area (AM) to total wing area 10.1088/1748-3190/ab1a00 (AT) on aerodynamic forces and fow structures generated during clap and fing at Re on the order of 10.
[Show full text]
Intraguild Predation of Orius Niger (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on Trichogramma Evanescens (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 114: 609–613, 2017 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2017.074 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Intraguild predation of Orius niger (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on Trichogramma evanescens (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) SERKAN PEHLİVAN, ALİCAN KURTULUŞ, TUĞCAN ALINÇ and EKREM ATAKAN Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Faculty, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey; e-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Key words. Hemiptera, Anthocoridae, Orius niger, Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae, Trichogramma evanescens, intraguild predation, Ephestia kuehniella, biological control Abstract. Intraguild predation of a generalist predator, Orius niger Wolff (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on Trichogramma evane- scens Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), was determined in choice and no-choice experiments using a factitious host, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), under laboratory conditions. Choice and no-choice experiments were conducted in order to assess the level of intraguild predation of O. niger on E. kuehniella eggs parasitized by T. evanescens. In no-choice experiments, approximately 50 sterile (1) non-parasitized, (2) 3-day-old parasitized, or (3) 6-day-old parasitized E. kuehniella eggs were offered to 24-h-old females of O. niger in glass tubes. In choice experiments approximately 25 eggs of two of the three groups mentioned above were offered to 24-h-old O. niger females. In both choice and no-choice experiments, O. niger consumed more non-parasitized eggs of E. kuehniella. However, intraguild predation occurred, especially of 3-day-old para- sitoids, but very few 6-day-old parasitized eggs were consumed. The preference index was nearly 1 indicating O.
[Show full text]
Impact of Egg Retention on Walking Behavior of Trichogramma Chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Halteres, Vol.1, No.2, 2010 31 Impact of egg retention on walking behavior of Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Muhammad Shakeel1, Ahmed Zia2, Abid Farid3 and Zakir Hussain4 1. University of Agriculture, Peshawer. (email: [email protected]) 2. National Insect Museum-NARC, Islamabad. (email: [email protected]) 3. Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA). (email: [email protected]) 4. IPDM Laboratories Directorate of Agriculture Northern Areas-Gilgit. (email: [email protected]) Abstract In the present study effect of egg retention on walking behavior of females of Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was investigated under laboratory conditions by using a computer based, Abid’s trackmove software. Results revealed that 3 days old wasps showed significant increase in their walking activity for searching host eggs as compared to 1 day and 2 days old wasps respectively. Keywords: Trichogramma, Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae, Walking behaviour, Egg retention. Introduction Egg parasitiods of genus Trichogramma 1998). Earlier studies suggest that percentage of are employed worldwide for biological control of time spent in movement by Trichogramma insect pests (Smith, 1996). Searching for their females, delaying oviposition due to unavailability host under natural conditions, long-range dispersal of suitable host eggs was slightly higher, than and delayed oviposition is often noticed in those for ovipositing females with readily available Trichogramma females (Wright et al., 2001; Kuske host eggs (Reznik and Umaraova, 1991). et al., 2003). In many field and laboratory studies In all previous studies movement activity recorded range of dispersal is even several meters was only recorded in the presence of host eggs. (Brar et al., 2000; McGregor et al., 2000; Mehetre Thus the increase in time spent during movement and Salunkhe, 2000; Wang et al., 2000).
[Show full text]
Vienna IPM Intro
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Museums, Archives and Historic Houses - Proceedings of the International Conference in Vienna, Austria 2013 Edited by: Pascal Querner, David Pinniger and Astrid Hammer Section III: Treatment Methods - Contents - Section III Treatment methods ................................................................................................................ 205 The New EU Biocides Regulations 528/2012 and the effect it will have on museum IPM Child, Robert E. ....................................................................................................................................... 206 Anoxia treatment using oxygen scavengers for disinfestations of large museum objects Biebl, Stephan & Landsberger, Bill ........................................................................................................ 210 Biological control of cultural heritage pests – a review Schöller, Matthias & Prozell, Sabine ...................................................................................................... 218 Parasitoids against insect pests - a future for IPM? Anheuser, Kilian ...................................................................................................................................... 233 IPM at the V&A Museum and preventive treatments using Thermo Lignum™ Blyth, Val ................................................................................................................................................ 240 Investigation of the use of freezing against insect pests
[Show full text]
Effect of Extreme Low and High Temperatures on the Almond Moth, Ephestia Cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Journal of Phytopathology and Pest Management 2(1): 36-46, 2015 pISSN:2356-8577 eISSN: 2356-6507 Journal homepage: http://ppmj.net/ Effect of extreme low and high temperatures on the almond moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Y. A. Darwish1*, A. M. Ali1, R. A. Mohamed2, N. M. Khalil2 1 Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt 2 Plant Protection Research Institute Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt Abstract The different immature stages of the almond moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker) were exposed to low temperature of -5ºC for different exposure times. Exposure of eggs to 240 to 360 minutes is sufficient to achieve 100% mortality for this stage. Exposed early larval instar to -5ºC for 180 minutes is sufficient to achieve 100% mortality. Exposure of the late larval instars to 300 and/or 360 minutes is effective to achieve a complete mortality for the late larval instars of the pest. The calculated LT50 and LT95 were 113.73 and 208.64 minutes. Exposure of pupae to 300 minutes or more is effective to get a complete mortality for the pupal stage. High temperatures of 45º, 50º, 55º and 60ºC were tested against egg, late larval instars and pupal stages of E. cautella. Mortality tended to be increased with the increasing of temperature and exposure time. Exposure time for more than one hour at 45ºC, 15 minutes at 50ºC and 10 minutes at 55ºC were more effective and led to more than 95% mortality for the egg stage of E. cautella. Exposure of the late larval instars for more than 97.22, 72.17, 17.65 minutes at 45, 50 and 55ºC is sufficient to achieve more than 95% mortality for the late larval instars as indicated by LT values.
[Show full text]
Chalcid Forum Chalcid Forum
ChalcidChalcid ForumForum A Forum to Promote Communication Among Chalcid Workers Volume 23. February 2001 Edited by: Michael E. Schauff, E. E. Grissell, Tami Carlow, & Michael Gates Systematic Entomology Lab., USDA, c/o National Museum of Natural History Washington, D.C. 20560-0168 http://www.sel.barc.usda.gov (see Research and Documents) minutes as she paced up and down B. sarothroides stems Editor's Notes (both living and partially dead) antennating as she pro- gressed. Every 20-30 seconds, she would briefly pause to Welcome to the 23rd edition of Chalcid Forum. raise then lower her body, the chalcidoid analog of a push- This issue's masthead is Perissocentrus striatululus up. Upon approaching the branch tips, 1-2 resident males would approach and hover in the vicinity of the female. created by Natalia Florenskaya. This issue is also Unfortunately, no pre-copulatory or copulatory behaviors available on the Systematic Ent. Lab. web site at: were observed. Naturally, the female wound up leaving http://www.sel.barc.usda.gov. We also now have with me. available all the past issues of Chalcid Forum avail- The second behavior observed took place at Harshaw able as PDF documents. Check it out!! Creek, ~7 miles southeast of Patagonia in 1999. Jeremiah George (a lepidopterist, but don't hold that against him) and I pulled off in our favorite camping site near the Research News intersection of FR 139 and FR 58 and began sweeping. I knew that this area was productive for the large and Michael W. Gates brilliant green-blue O. tolteca, a parasitoid of Pheidole vasleti Wheeler (Formicidae) brood.
[Show full text]