By Mike Leonard Assertion, the Importance of Criticism Cannot Be Overstated
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Frank Deford is a commentator for National Public Radio, a senior contributing writer for Sports Illustrated, and a correspondent for HBO’s Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel. Courtesy photo HBO Renowned sportswriter and commentator Frank Deford is unsparing in his criticism of intercollegiate athletics. “It is an inequitable system. It is immoral, un-American, and can’t be justified in any form,” he tells Bloom. “Look at the money we make off predominantly poor black kids,” former Louisiana State University basketball coach Dale Brown has said. “We’re the whoremasters.” The Big Ten Conference’s own, in-depth report, COLLEGE released last April, is almost breathtaking in its assessment of the current state of college sports. “We are at a critical moment in the evolution of intercollegiate athletics. Intense pressure has been brought to bear by media scrutiny, Congressional scrutiny, litigation, and unionization efforts. Central to much of the criticism is the notion, particularly in the sports of football and men’s basketball, that SPORTS the purported educational mission of intercollegiate IN athletics is a façade — that the true mission is to make money off the efforts of players who ‘get nothing’ and serve as minor leagues for the NFL and NBA.” The report, Education First, Athletics Second, concludes, “Disagree as we may with such an By Mike Leonard assertion, the importance of criticism cannot be overstated. If we cannot defend — through an Joyous Hoosier fans stormed the court examination of actions and results as opposed to in celebration after Indiana University’s words — that education is the paramount factor in victory over top-ranked Kentucky at Assembly Hall in December 2011. our decision-making process (rivaled only by the Fan passion fuels the big money in health and safety of our student-athletes), then the major college sports. Photo by J. Scott enterprise stands as a house of cards.” Photography It’s a tall stack of cards. The NCAA’s revenue for 2012–13 (the most recent, audited figure) was $912.8 million. The money generated by the Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly called Division 1-A) was $3.4 billion in 2013, according to Business Insider. magbloom.com | August/September 2015 | Bloom 111 photographs of the delirium inside IU’s As- way that happens nowhere else in the world. sembly Hall when the Hoosiers upset No. 1 “It’s one of the ways they stay engaged, and Kentucky in 2011 speak volumes about the tens of thousands of alums stay in touch joy fans derive from college sports. When with the university and keep a sense of IU’s Christian Watford sank a 3-point shot identification with the university through with 1.4 seconds remaining to beat the un- athletics,” he says. “And when they stay defeated Wildcats, so many of the more than connected to the university, they’re more 17,000 spectators poured onto Branch Mc- likely to stay involved with their discipline Cracken Court that the images of pandemo- or the art gallery or the school of music or nium they created have entered the pantheon something like that.” That engagement, in of iconic moments in college sports. turn, results in monetary donations to the Addressing the criticism of how college school’s alumni association, foundation, or sports feed professional leagues, Big Ten specific departments and schools. Commissioner Jim Delany has said that the National Basketball Association (NBA) The NCAA’s future and National Football League (NFL) should Some that the problems pervasive in college either allow athletes into their leagues right sports are so intractable that the National out of high school or develop models like Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA), Major League Baseball (MLB) that create which oversees intercollegiate athletics, paths for young athletes who aspire to play should be disbanded or substantially recon- professional sports but do not care about stituted. Last year, when the NCAA granted going to college. “Why is it our job to be the more autonomy to the Power Five or Big Five IU’s take on the controversy of it positive — for adopting a groundbreak- harshest of critics acknowledge that there (above) IU’s Christian Watford won minor leagues for professional sports?” he conferences to increase monetary stipends ing Student-Athlete Bill of Rights in June are probably more questions than answers the ESPY (Excellence in Sports asked in 2013. for scholarship athletes to the “full cost of at- is difficult, if not impos- 2014, which guarantees such things as a when it comes to what to reform and how to Performance Yearly) Award for Best Glass agrees to a point. “Let’s face it, tendance,” authors Donna Lopiano and Ger- Play of 2012 for his last-second 3-point sible, to find anyone four-year scholarship commitment regard- do it without creating different inequities shot to beat top-ranked Kentucky, but though,” he says. “People just don’t care about ald Gurney wrote in Inside Higher Ed: “The who says the status quo less of injury, illness, or athletic performance, and undesirable or otherwise unintended to date, his aspiration to play in the the Fort Wayne Mad Ants (an NBA develop- NCAA has once again demonstrated that it is in college athletics is and a lifetime tuition waiver for scholarship consequences. “We don’t want to throw the NBA has gone unfulfilled. Photo by J. mental league team) the way they care about incapable of self-reformation and in need of a Scott Photography acceptable, and that athletes who leave the Bloomington campus baby out with the bathwater,” says Glass. the Indiana Hoosiers, and they never will.” complete overhaul from Congress.” includes Fred Glass, vice without graduating but want to return to Fueling the big money in major college (top right) Fred Glass, IU director IU President Michael A. McRobbie, a Unlike Glass, who sees the NCAA move as president and director of complete an undergraduate degree. football and men’s basketball is the passion of athletics, says the value of native Australian, often points to the value of a good thing, the authors decry “a plutocracy in scholarships isn’t fully appreciated in intercollegiateit athletics at Indiana Univer- But Glass says IU and other institu- fans have for the teams of their favorite the discussion about compensation intercollegiate athletics in the United States which a minority of the wealthiest institutions sity. Glass gained national attention — most tions can and should do more. Yet even the school or alma mater. Video clips and for college athletes. Photo by Shannon serving to bond alumni to the university in a controls a constant escalation of wasteful Zahnle 112 Bloom | August/September 2015 | magbloom.com magbloom.com | August/September 2015 | Bloom 113 spending and extravagance.” The Power Five or Big “ Glass and other supporters of amateurism Five conferences include the Big Ten, the Southeastern in college athletics point to the U.S. Census Conference, the Atlantic Coast Conference, the Big 12 ‘In no other Bureau report The Big Payoff: Educational Conference, and the Pac-12 Conference. Attainment and Synthetic Estimates of A senior contributing writer for Sports Illustrated, business — and Work-Life Earnings, which claims those with a correspondent for HBO’s Real Sports with Bryant bachelor’s degrees will make, on average, Gumbel, and a commentator for National Public Radio, college sports is $1 million more in a lifetime of work than Frank Deford says, “I think as it’s presently constituted, high school graduates. And Glass has put it’s ridiculous to have an Indiana or Ohio State or Ala- big business — together figures that place the direct value bama in the same organization as some little religious of an IU scholarship (tuition and fees, room school of 300 people in the middle of Nebraska. It’s too would it ever be and board, and books) at $22,098 per year for large for its own good,” he says. “How that proceeds, I an in-state student and $44,950 for an out- don’t know. But I am confident within five years it will suggested that of-state student. Add in the expanded “cost be a different organization.” of attendance” stipend now allowed by the the people who NCAA, and an estimated 5-percent annual The O’Bannon case increase in costs, and those figures grow to The contemporary flashpoint in the discussion about are providing the $30,299 and $54,546 a year, or $135,766 and whether college athletes in revenue-generating sports $240,274 per player during a four-year span. should be paid is the O’Bannon case — a lawsuit filed essential services A full-scholarship student-athlete at in 2009 on behalf of former UCLA basketball player IU also has access to “training table” — two Ed O’Bannon. A member of the school’s 1995 national work for free.’ full buffet-style meals a day. “Kids not on championship team, O’Bannon agreed to be the lead scholarship still have access, too,” Glass says. plaintiff against the NCAA and Electronic Arts (EA) Additionally, he points out, every student- and The Collegiate Licensing Company after seeing his ” athlete has access to “nutrition oasis” areas likeness used in an EA Sports video game that created throughout IU athletics facilities where profits for EA Sports and the NCAA but not the athletes —Jeffrey Kessler, beverages, fruit, and healthful snacks such depicted. Later, other high-profile athletes joined as as granola bars are available at no cost. “You sports labor attorney plaintiffs in the class action suit, including basketball could get close to living off these if you did stars from previous generations such as Oscar nothing else,” he says.