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Geology of the Sierra Diablo Region Texas

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Geology of the Sierra Diablo Region Texas Geology of the Sierra Diablo Region Texas GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 480 Geology of the Sierra Diablo Region Texas By PHILIP B. KING With SPECIAL DETERMINATIVE STUDIES OF PERMIAN FOSSILS By L. G. HENBEST, E. L. YOCHELSON, P. E. CLOUD, JR., HELEN DUNCAN, R. M. FINKS, and I. G. SOHN GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 480 Description and interpretation of the varied rocks and structures of a mountain range and its foothills in the Trans-Pecos Region^ with special emphasis on the Lower Permian UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1965 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. OS 66-227 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Stratigraphy Continued Fage Abstract.-_ __-__-__-_-__-__..___-________..__________ 1 Permian_______-__-___--_--_____-_-____--_.___. 46 Introduction.._____________________________________ 2 Presentation of paleontologic data ______ 49 Present investigation___--__--___.___--_________ 2 Hueco Limestone____-_-____---_----.----_-_. 49 Acknowledgments__ ___________________________ 3 Southern part of report area_-________-_. 50 Related investigations.._________________________ 4 Baylor Mountains._____________________ 52 Previous investigations._______________________ 4 Central Sierra Diablo__________________. 54 Annotated bibliography.____________________ 5 Apache Canyon area___________________. 54 Geography ___________________________________ 11 Fossils and correlation__________ _____ 55 Mountain areas _______________________________ 13 Stratigraphic relations.__________________ 57 Lowland areas ________________________________ 14 Bone Spring Limestone___-_-____----_--__-_. 60 Human geography and history.__________________ 16 Sierra Diablo escarpment________________ 61 Stratigraphy _____________________________________ 17 Northern marginal belt_________________ 64 Precambrian and Precambrian(?) rocks.___________ 19 Southern marginal belt____-_-_-_------_. 65 Carrizo Mountain Formation_________________ 19 Baylor Mountains._____________________ 66 Sequence in Carrizo Mountains.__________ 20 Fossils and correlation_________________ 66 Metamorphic features.__________________ 21 Stratigraphic relations.__________________ 72 Stratigraphic relations.__________________ 22 Victorio Peak Limestone-____----_---_---__-. 73 Igneous rocks intrusive into Carrizo Mountain Northeastern calcitic facies_____________ 73 Formation _________________________ _ ... 22 Southwestern dolomitic fades.___________ 74 Metarhyolite. __________________________ 22 Fossils__________--___._-_--____. 74 Greenstone ___________________________ 23 Stratigraphic relations.__________________ 74 Veins..________________________________ 23 Cutoff Shale._._________________. 74 Allamoore Formation..______________________ 23 Brushy Canyon Formation_____ ______ 78 Limestone _____________________________ 23 Sandstone tongue of Cherry Canyon Formation. 79 Volcanic rocks..________________________ 24 Goat Seep Limestone_____________________ 79 PhyUite___________________________ 24 Cretaceous______ _______________________________ 80 Hazel Formation ___________________________ 25 Pre-Cretaceous surface.__________--__---__-- 81 Conglomerate __________________________ 26 Yucca Formation_________________________ 82 Red sandstone.________________________ 26 Bluff Mesa Formation_________________ 82 Van Horn Sandstone____-_-__--______-______ 27 Campagrande Limestone________________ 83 Conglomerate __________________________ 28 Sierra Diablo foothills_________________ 83 Sandstone _____________________________ 28 Western Sierra Diablo_____________ . 83 Ordovician_ __________________________________ 30 Fossils and age____________-__---------- 84 Bliss Sandstone___________________________ 30 Cox Sandstone_________________________ 84 Main body of formation_________________ 30 Southwest of Eagle Flat.________-___. 84 Calcareous division.____________________ 30 84 El Paso Limestone_________________________ 32 Sierra Diablo foothills and Cox Mountain. Outlying areas_______________________ 85 Division A____________________________ 32 Sierra Prieta___________________________ 85 Division B_____________________________ 32 Fossils and age_____--___-___-________ 85 Division C_____________________________ 33 Finlay Limestone___._______.___ __. 85 Beds of Middle(?) Ordovician age___________ 34 Local features..-___-_._-______- ____. 86 Montoya Dolomite.________________________ 35 Fossils and age________________-_-__. 86 Cable Canyon(?) Sandstone Member____ 36 Kiamichi Formation._______________________ 87 Upham Member______________________ 36 Washita Group_________________________ 87 Aleman Cherty Member_______________ 36 Southwest of Eagle Flat____________ 87 Silurian_____________________________________ 38 Sierra Prieta___________________________ 88 Fusselman Dolomite._______________________ 38 Fossils_________________________. 88 Devonian___________ ___________________________ 39 Eagle Ford Formation__________________ 88 Beds of Devonian age_______________________ 39 Igneous rocks____________________________________ 89 Mississippian____ _ ______________________________ 41 I _ Marble Canyon-Mine Canyon intrusive complex . 90 Barnett Shale._____________________________ 41 Marble Canyon stock__________-_-___---___- 90 Pennsylvanian_______________________________ 42 Mine Canyon stock_____________________ _ 91 Beds of Pennsylvanian age___-____-_-_-_---__ 42 Outlying igneous rocks___-___---__--__---__- 92 in IV CONTENTS Igneous rocks Continued Page | Descriptions of stratigraphic sections, etc. Continued Page Marble Canyon-Mine Canyon intrusive complex Con. Stratigraphic sections and fossil collections of Ordovi- Metamorphic rocks_________________________ 92 cian, Silurian, and Devonian rocks Continued Interpretation______________________________ 94 Sections. Hawkins Tank___________ 130 Sierra Prieta intrusive-------------------.-------- 94 Section 9. Point of mountains._______________ 131 Igneous rocks_______________-----__-___-_-- 95 Section 10. Apache Spring___________________ 132 Metamorphic rocks_______-_____--__________ 95 Ordovician and Silurian fossils, not collected Structure-_______________________________ 95 along courses of stratigraphic sections _______ 133 Regional relations__________________________ 96 Stratigraphic sections and fossil collections of Intrusive rocks in southern part of report area__.___ 96 Mississippian and Pennsylvanian rocks__________ 133 Basaltic volcanic rocks__________-___-___________ 96 Section 11. Mine Canyon_______-______ 133 Unconsolidated deposits of Quaternary age.____________ 96 Section 12. Marble Canyon____ __._ 134 Landslide deposits____----__-_---_-_-_______---- 97 Stratigraphic sections and fossil collections of Permian Deposits of floor of Salt Basin_--__________.______ 97 rocks _____________________________________ 134 Fanglomerate __________________________________ 98 Section 13. Wylie Mountains____________ 134 Older alluvial deposits__--_______--______-_____ 98 Section 14. Bass Canyon______---__--__.___ 136 Younger alluvial deposits_______________________- 98 Section 15. Threemile Mountain____________ 136 Tectonics-.__-________---_-----__ _______________ 99 Other fossil collections from Hueco Limestone Structure of Precambrian and Precambrian(?) rocks_ 100 in Threemile Mountain area. __--______ 137 Streeruwitz thrust fault _____ ___________ 100 Section 16. Beach Mountain________-_______ 137 Structure of Allamoore and Hazel Formations. _ 101 Section 17. High point of Baylor Mountains. _ 138 Faults with strike-slip displacement-__________ 102 Other fossil collections from Bone Spring Lime­ Fracture zones in Hazel Formation__________ 103 stone near high point of Baylor Mountains. __ 139 Structure of Van Horn Sandstone.____________ 103 Section 18. Northeastern Baylor Mountains_ 139 Structure of the Precambrian surface._________ 103 Section 19. Northwestern Baylor Mountains 141 Structure of pre-Permian Paleozoic rocks __________ 104 Section 20. Eagle Flat_______ _ ______ 141 Structures of Permian and early Mesozoic age______ 105 Section 21. Streeruwitz Hills__ ____ ____ 142 Structures of Late Cretacious or early Tertiary age__ 106 Section 22. McAdoo Ranch__________.______ 143 Structures of late Tertiary and Quaternary age_____ 107 Section 23. West of Old Circle Ranch_____ 144 General features_____-__--_---_--_______---- 107 Section 24. Old Circle Ranch.___________ 144 Faults bordering the mountains.._____________ 107 Section 25. Hazel mine_____________________ 144 North Diablo fault zone_____-_______ 107 Section 26. Bat Cave________________ 145 East Diablo fault_____-_________ 109 Fossil collections from Hueco Limestone near North Baylor fault.__.___._____. 109 Sheep Peak.___________________ 146 East Baylor fault______________ 110 Section 27. Second section south of Victorio Faults on east side of Salt Basin__________ 110 Peak.______.__._._-___________ 146 Faults and related structures within the moun­ Section 28. First section south of Victorio tains_______ ________ ______ 111 Peak________________________ 147 Northern part of Sierra Diablo ___________ 111 Collections from Hueco and Bone Spring Lime­ Southern part of Sierra Diablo_________ 112 stones on Victorio flexture west of Victorio Baylor Mountains.-._____________ 113 Canyon___________________________ . 148 Beach Mountain and vicinity ____________ 113 Section 29. Victorio Peak___
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