THE LIFE-BOAT,

OB

JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION.

(ISSUED QUARTERLY.)

VOL. XL—No. 115.] FEBBUAKY 2, 1880. [PBIOK 3d.

LIFE-BOATS AND LIFE-SAVING APPAEATUS IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA, WE have in previous numbers of the supported by voluntary contributions, Life-boat Journal given accounts of the and the Bocket Life-saving Apparatus only Life-saving Institutions of France and is provided by the Government and worked Germany, and have referred to those in by the Coastguard; on the contrary, the other maritime countries of Europe. We whole, or nearly the whole, service of feel sure that equal interest will be felt life-saving is, we believe, provided for in a description of the means provided for in the United States by annual money the protection of human life from ship- appropriations from Congress. wreck on the shores of that land, first Secondly, whilst we have only our sea- peopled by Englishmen, the greatness coast to protect, they have, besides their and prosperity of which, born of British immense Atlantic and Pacific coasts, the energy, enterprise, and love of liberty, very extensive shores of their inland seas, ought to afford us the same pride and the great American lakes, on which many satisfaction that is felt by a parent in of their life-saving stations are placed. the progress and success of a son, even Thirdly, the coasts of the United States if in course of time it should eclipse his where wrecks most frequently occur, not- own. ably those of New Jersey, Long Island, A further reason why we should take and Massachusetts, are desolate and far especial interest in the life-saving service removed from human habitations, which of the United States arises from the necessitates the special and constant em- circumstance that, consequent on our ployment of men to look out for vessels in extensive trade with that country-^- distress and work the boats and apparatus, amounting to more than sixty millions and the provision of dwellings for them, sterling of goods sent from it to Britain together with houses of refuge to shelter every year—a large proportion of the ships and succour shipwrecked persons; whereas and crews which are saved through its on the coasts of the United Kingdom, instrumentality are British. which are more thickly populated, the Before giving a description of that fishermen and other coast boatmen are service, some important distinctions be- utilized to man the Life-boats and assist tween it and our own should be noted. the Coastguard to work the rocket appa- The first distinction to which we will ratus, living in their own dwellings and refer is, that whereas the Life-boat es- being paid for their aid only when re- tablishments in this country are solely quired, with the exception of the cox-

LlFE-BOAT JOUBNAL.—VOL. XL—No. 115. THE LIFE-BOAT. [FEBBTTABY 2,1880.

swains of the Life-boats, who have, in Stations. Brought forward. . . . 137 addition, a small salary. 7th. Coast of Eastern Coast of Florida . & In the year 1848 the nucleus of the 8th. Gulf Coast (Texas) . . . 6 present Life-saving Service in the United 9th. Lakes Erie and Ontario . 9 States was formed by the Government 10th. Lakes Huron and Superior 13 llth. Lake Michigan .... 18 erecting a few rude refuge-bats on the 12th. Pacific Coast 8 coast of New Jersey, which were supple- mented by small appropriations, from Total 196 time to time, until Long Island was Of the above stations, the five on the likewise similarly provided. coast of Florida, are houses of refuge only, There was, however, no organised without apparatus or boats. system, but rudimentary Life-boats or As above stated, all the Life-saving Surf-boats, and other life-saving appliances establishments are regularly inspected by were provided, and volunteers from among Government officers, for which duty the the local fishermen, or other boatmen, following staff was appointed in con- •were relied on to use them on the occur- formity with the Act of Congress, approved rence of shipwrecks. June 18th, 1878. In the year 1871, however, under the A General Superintendent. present General Superintendent of the An'Assistant General Superintendent. Life-saving Service, Mr. SUMNKB J. KIM- An Inspector of Life-Saving Stations (a BALL, its entire reorganisation was effected, Captain in the Kevenue Marine). and the existing system introduced; and Two Superintendents of the Construction we find there were in December 1878, of Life-Saving Stations (Captains of the Report of which year we have before I us, 196 Life-saving stations on the sea Kevenue Marine). An Assistant-Inspector to each District and lake coasts, with retained and paid crews, frequently practised in the man- (all either Captains or Lieutenants of agement of their boats and apparatus, Eevenne Marine). and inspected by Government officers Two Officers of the same Service on special attached to the service. Only a portion Duty, one at Washington and one at of the above stations, however, are pro- New York City. vided with Surf-boats, and a still smaller A District Superintendent to each District. number with Life-boats, analogous to It will thus be seen that ample inspec- those in this country, which relieve them- tion and superintendence are provided to selves of water shipped or seas breaking secure all practicable efficiency. over them, and self-right if upset, which A speciality, arising from the peculiar boats are said to be too heavy to be character of the service, should be noticed, worked on the flat shores of the Atlantic viz.: That during the finer seasons of the coast, with their sparse population; and year the stations are closed, and the crews, their use is, we believe, confined, or nearly surf-men as they are called, are dismissed. so, to a few stations, chiefly on the lakes During the stormy months the stations and on the Pacific coast. are reopened, and the crews again enrolled, The coasts are divided into 12 districts, and the period of employment varies, for as follows:— the most part, from four to six months. Stations. As an indication of the extent of the 1st Coasts of Maine and New Hampshire 7 2nd. Coast of Massachusetts .... 15 services performed, we select the following 3rd. Coasts of Rhode Island and Long from the statistics contained in the Eeport Island 38 for 1877-8:— '4th. Coast of New Jersey 41 5th. „ Cape Henlopen to Cape Charles 11 Disasters to vessels, 171. 6th. „ Cape Henry to Cape Fear . 25 On board them, 1,557 persons. tires saved, 1,331. ' Carried forward . . . .137 Lives lost, 226. FEBBTJARY 2, 1880.] THE LIFE-BOAT.

Of those lost, 98 perished in the with a series of excellent illustrations, U.S. steamer.Huron, and 85 in the steam- from which latter a clear idea of the ship Metropolis, the former being lost general character of the two classes of during the season when the adjacent boat in use, and of the station-houses, &c., stations were dosed, and the latter be- are to be obtained. It will also be seen tween two stations which were so distant that the cork life-belts worn by the boat- apart as to greatly hinder successful ope- men, are of the plan first designed by rations. Bear-Admiral WABD, its Chief Life-boat From November, 1871 (date of intro- Inspector, for the NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT duction of the present system), to close of INSTITUTION in the year 1854. the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1878, In passing from the description of the there were:— Surf-boats and Life-boats to that of the Total disasters, 578. apparatus for effecting communication „ Persons on board, 6,287. with stranded vessels, the following re- „ Persons saved, 5,981. mark occurs in the Report, with which we „ lives lost, 306. „ Persons sheltered, 1,382. entirely coincide. "While the two „ Number of days' shelter afforded, 3,716. classes of boats now in use in the service, Many noble services are recorded in termed, for the sake of distinction, the the Beport, not only by the Life-boats, Surf-boat and Life-boat, are capable of but by the light Surf-boats, which, al- marvellous work, as every season attests, though they are liable to be swamped, no boat or other floating vehicle has yet and require baling like ordinary open been invented which has the power to cope boats, yet appear to be well adapted for with every condition of surf and sea." the service for which they are provided, Life-Saving Apparatus:— and to be admirably managed by their As in France and other European hardy and experienced crews, whose lives countries, and in contradistinction to are spent on the coast, and who have England, the United States Government from their boyhood been accustomed to have eschewed the rocket as a projectile manage boats in a surf. They are very for carrying a line to effect communica- light, and are kept on light transporting- tion with stranded vessels, and have earriages, on which they can be drawn adopted the system originated in this for considerable distances along the shore country by the late Captain MANBY, in by the few men who form their crews. the early part of this century, the line In one respect the Life-boat Service in being attached to an iron shot discharged the United States has an advantage over from a mortar or other ordnance of suit- our own, in that the men being perma- able character. Until the year 1877 the nently employed during the open seasons ordinary mortar was used, bat in that are accustomed to act together, and are year Lieut. D. A. LYLE, of the Ordnance more frequently afloat both for practice Department, U.S. Army, was detailed to and on service than at the greater number conduct a series of experiments, with a of our own Life-boat stations, where the view to the production of a special gun boats are manned by volunteers from the which should combine to the greatest local boatmen, and are only employed on practicable extent the advantages of the occasions when their services are portability and length of range. required. The mortar previously in general use In Scribner's Monthly magazine for in the service weighed with its bed Jan. last, published at New York, and 288 Ibs., and carried a shot of 24 Ibs. a to be had of Messrs. F. "Warne & Co., maximum range of 421 yards. The London (price Is.), will be found a result of the experiments conducted by very graphic and interesting account of Lieut. LYLB, which were eminently suc- the United States Life-saving Service, cessful, was that two classes of ordnance _ — THE LIFE-BOAT. [FEBRUARY 2, 1880. were produced, adaptable to varying circumference could be safely depended on, localities. The first, weighing witn its and a line of that size can be carried either bed 202 Ibs., and carrying a shot of 17 Ibs., by a shot or rocket to as long a distance with the greatly increased maximum as the apparatus can be effectually used. range of 695 yards. The second gun A speciality of the American Life-saving with its carriage weighs only 89 Ibs., and Apparatus is, that in addition to the usual carries a shot of 13 Ibs. 477 yards, maxi- travelling-buoy in which persons are drawn mum range. singly from a wreck to the shore, a These improved ordnance will no doubt metallic car or small covered boat is pro- be rapidly if not immediately substituted vided, by which ingenious contrivance for the older Manby mortar, and time will several persons can be conveyed together. no doubt show whether these improved The invention of the Life-car is claimed and more portable guns or the rockets, as both by Captain DOUGLASS OTTINGEB, of adopted by our own Board of Trade, are the Eevenue Marine, and Mr, JOSEPH on the whole most effective. FBANCIS, the inventor of the corrugated An important factor in determining iron ship's Life-boat. It is used in lieu the length of range, and which is equally of the buoy and precisely in the same applicable to the rocket and shot pro- manner, but the passengers within it jectile, is the line. Careful experiments are completely protected from the sea have been made under the direction of and safe from injury even if the car Lieut. LTIE, and numerous statistical were thrown completely over on the pas- statements respecting them are given in sage. It will be readily conceived how this very complete Report, which, however, great an advantage such a vehicle would eres if we had space for them, would fail b&ve over the traveller or sling-buoy in to interest the ordinary reader, but we the case of emigrant or other passenger cannot perceive that any decisive opinion ships, where it might be of the utmost is given as to the relative merits of diffe- importance tp convey perhaps three or rent lines, which may possibly be open to four hundred persons, many of them still further improvement. women and children, in as short a time as The selection as regards material would possible to the land. On one occasion, the appear to be between Italian hemp and wreck of the Ayrshire on the coast of New flax, and as regards manner of construc- Jersey, 201 persons were rescued by it tion between the ordinary twist (slackly when no other means could have availed. twisted) and what is termed braided line. It should be mentioned that at the Life- The advantage appears, from the tables of saving stations, bedding and clothing for results which are given, to be in favour of shipwrecked persons are kept in readiness . the braided flax line as a combination of in case of being required, and also medi- relative strength, lightness, and flexibility. cine chests, restoratives, and all necessary We think it probable that the ordinary appliances for restoration of the appa- twist is the best mode of construction for rently drowned, exhausted, or frost-bitten Italian hemp, and the braid for flax lines. amongst wrecked persons; whence it will Another important point for considera- be apparent that this invaluable State tion is the size of the line. It is manifest Department fulfils the functions under- that the smaller the line the longer will ; taken severally in this country by the be the range of the projectile; but, on the BOABD OF TBADE, the NATIONAL LIFE- other hand, the weaker will be the line BOAT INSTITUTION, and the SHIPWRECKED and the less power will the haulers of it MABINEES' and HCMA.NE SOCIETIES, and have, owing to insufficient grip, and below apparently in the most efficient manner. a certain size the line would also painfully It remains to be stated at what cost cut the hand. For these reasons we this invaluable work is done, which may question if a line of less than an inch in be evidenced by the amount appropriated FEBRUARY 2, 1880.] THE LIFE-BOAT. by Congress to the Service in the fiscal | of the United States Life-saving Service year terminating on the 30th June, 1878, •without bidding it " God speed," and which amount was $198,060, being, in expressing the earnest hope that the only round numbers, equivalent to about rivalry between the two great nations in 40,000?. English money. In that amount the future ages may be the noble one of the salaries of the District Superinten- endeavouring to excel in every humane dents are included, but not those of the and good work for the happiness and Inspectors and higher officers. welfare of our respective countries and "We cannot conclude this brief account the good of mankind.

LOSS OF LIFE AT SEA. THE remarks contained in the following County Kerry. Nevertheless, he said, he opportune communication from the Bev. should have much satisfaction in giving J. Scarth, are deserving of every con- to Mr. Palmer's bill his best support, sideration, notwithstanding that they only knowing, as he did, its absolute necessity. repeat the oft-told tale in regard to the This voluntary support on the part of dreadful loss of life at sea. the Liberator was the more honourable We remember vividly the exertions of as Mr. Palmer was opposed to him on the late Mr. George Palmer, M.P. for most political questions. South Essex, and Deputy-Chairman of the As the outcome of all these efforts it is NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, in un- now satisfactory to know that the number ceasingly directing public attention to the of these dreadful disasters at sea is cer- same important subject. tainly lessening; and we venture to hope, Long before Mr. Plimsoll had made on account of recent legislation, and the himself famous in his humane efforts, the improved state of the education of our sea- exertions in Parliament of Mr. Palmer— men, that a better and a more wholesome who himself was an old sailor—on behalf state of things will ultimately prevail. of Shipwrecked Seamen were untiring. Again, the functions of the present Only those, however, who are acquainted tribunal which has to investigate ship- with the frightful loss of life at sea, at- ping disasters at sea has, by a recent tended with distressing circumstances, Act of Parliament, been considerably and the great destruction of property that strengthened. constantly occurred, owing to timber ships In addition to the Wreck Commissioner being allowed to carry deck loads, can fully or Magistrate who presides, and to as- realize and appreciate his unceasing and sessors taken from the Boyal Navy, there ultimately successful endeavours in ob- will be an assessor taken from the Mer- taining legislative enactments in the years chant Service; and a certificated engineer 1832, 1840,1842, and 1845, which pro- is to be a member of the Court when an hibited timber-laden vessels from carrying engineer is on his trial. deck loads. The assessors, morever, are to be chosen Mr. Palmer once related to us an with greater care than heretofore, as men anecdote of the celebrated Mr. Daniel who have had experience in sailing-vessels O'Connell, M.P., in connection with this are to be selected when the inquiry relates good work. Mr. O'Connell stated to him to a sailing-ship, and men who have had in the House of Commons that he was in experience in steamers when the inquiry the habit of deriving a considerable in- relates to a vessel of that class. Thus come—between 8001. and 900Z. a year— the new Court will certainly be stronger from the profits of the wrecks of timber than the old one, and it is well that it ships on the shores of his estates in should be so, for investigations respecting 6 THE LIFE-BOAT. [FEBRUARY 2,1880. shipping disasters are now often of very led to many disasters known and unknown. Ship- owners have been heavy losers, but we must also high importance, presided over as they consider the lives of the captains, officers, and men are by a Commissioner of the learning thus swept suddenly away. and impartiality of Mr. Eothery. I question if it is a subject for more legislation. I think it is one rather for public sympathy; and TO THE EDITOR. the power of the Press, backed by public opinion, SIR,—As there have been so many changes of will do more real good as a preventive than many late years in all that is connected with sailors and Acts of Parliament. What is wanted most is ships, the loss of life at sea is a subject well worth particular instructions from shipbuilders as to considering during what may be termed the ex- loading, and these should be engraved in the perimental period. The loss is not so great now captain's cabin. The regulation mark for the as it was in 1874, when the final Report was issued ship's loading is of little use if heavy cargo is by the Royal Commission on TJnseaworthy Ships ; carried above the true centre of gravity. In bad then three out of four deaths of seamen in British, times there is a strong temptation to captains to ships were from violence or from drowning; now take all the cargo they can get; but public opinion the rate is two out of three. The average mor- has a wide range, and has its influence at Galatz tality, however, is about twenty in one thousand, and Odessa, as well as at New York and Calcutta. which does not appear to be larger than the ordi- We are sure to have more experimental ships from nary range of a healthy parish, but when we take time to time, and what I fear most is that steamers into account that sailors consist for the most part which have been built for the Suez Canal trade of men in the prime of life, the proportionate will be diverted into trades where the cargoes are mortality on shore would be only about six in one heavier and the seas more violent; Saloons will be thousand. The extra risk, therefore, of a sailor's turned into receptacles for cargo, instead of places life is as ten to three of a landsman's, and when for passengers; and the ship that would have the sudden death is in the proportion of two to weathered many a storm with a goodly number of three, we at once see how really dangerous a sailor's passengers, will become dangerous when heavily life is. Probably in this experimental period the laden with a shifting cargo of grain. risk may be greater. I am no advocate for blaming I believe that the naturally experimental phase shipowners aa being careless of the lives of the through which our merchant ships have been pass- men whom they employ. They seldom see any- ing, has not been taken sufficiently into account. thing of them; sailors are, as it were, part of the It demands special care, and the instructions that machinery of the ship, and this will become more would have been judicious from an owner to a and more the case as sailing-ships give place to shipmaster ten years ago need to be qualified now. steamers. Great attention is paid to the accom- I write in the interest of the shipowners as well as modation of the passengers in the splendid steam- of the sailors, for living in a parish through which vessels which are now built, and when the shipping all the ships to and from London must pass, I trade is more profitable, we may hope that more cannot help taking an interest in all that concerns attention will be given to the quarters for the ships. Shipowners have had to suffer much from crew. When the ship is new—and that is the time adverse legislation, and so have sailors, for the when the shipowner sees most of his vessel—the latter have to compete with foreigners, lascars, and quarters for the crew are very different in appear- Chinese in our own ports, while the former are ance from what they are after the paint has lost even debarred from selling their property to the its freshness, and they are black and damp with foreigners, who ought to provide for the repairs dirt and steam. that the English shipowner is compelled to under- The loss of life at sea from 1867 to 1872 was take. However, if we can get the death-rate greater in missing ships than in those which were lower, and if the Government will extend their wrecked and their fate known. The proportion in most praiseworthy efforts to put down the evils of British ships was 6,094 in missing vessels to 5,954 crimps, and help, as they are doing in my parish, in shipwrecks. Prom 1875 to 1878 there were to facilitate the transmission of sailors and their 10,638 "accidental deaths " reported to the Board wages to their own homes, the condition of our of Trade as having occurred in British ships during sailors will be much improved. The Sailors' Home that period. I learn from a table furnished to the in London is now self-supporting; sailors are Shipping Gazette, that there have been exception- becoming more thrifty, more sober, and in every ally heavy losses recently in large steamers— way more dependable; they appreciate sympathy, vessels ranging from 80 to 100 yards long. The and they certainly deserve it. Voyages now are following is the terrible list; they are chiefly more regular, and the same ship loads and re-loads cargo-carrying ships :—The Boscommon, capsized ; at the same port; the sailors see more of home, Capella, capsized ; Tiara, abandoned sinking ; become more domesticated, and aa they become JEmblehope, capsized; Joseph Pease, missing ; Tel- less estranged, they will not be such an easy prey ford, missing; Bernina, missing ; Bayard, aban- to strangers; their lives become more valuable, doned ; Toxford, capsized; Swteton, missing; and we should be jealous of their loss. Zanzibar, missing; Homer, missing; and I fear I am, &c. the list is not complete. In sailing-ships, too, the JOHN SCARTH. experiments in new-fashioned rigging and the Holy Trinity Vicarage, tremendous efforts to make quick voyages have Gravesend, FEBRUARY 2, 1880.] THE LIFE-BOAT.

SEEVICES OF THE LIFE-BOATS OF THE NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION FEOM THE IST JULY TO THE 30iH NOVEMBER 1879.

NEWBIGGIN-BY-THE-SEA, NORTHUMBER- with one exception, were safely landed. LAND.—On the 1st July a gale from This one boat dragged her anchors and E.S.E. sprang up at about 4 A.M. Seven drove on the rocks. In order to launch fishing cobles had left about four hours the Life-boat the women of the place previously for the fishing-ground, which had to lend a hand, on account of so is about 15 miles from the shore, and many of the men being away at the considerable anxiety was felt for their time, and they waded up to their middle safety, a heavy ground sea having set in. in order to get the boat well and speedily The Life-boat William Hopkinson of Brig- afloat from its carriage. About an hour Jiouse was launched at 9.30 A.M., before afterwards the Life-boat again went out any of the cobles were in sight, and re- and rescued the crew, consisting of 7 mained in a very heavy sea off the point, men, from the schooner Union T., which for three hours, assisting the boats as struck on the Out Carr Eocks, north of they came in one by one until all had got Newbiggin Point. The master had cut safely ashore. away the foremast, and endeavoured to On the morning of the 23rd Sept- get the vessel off the rocks; but all ember a heavy gale sprang up, accom- efforts to do so failed, and as she began panied by a very rough sea. About 52 to leak he signalled for the Life-boat. of the herring-boats were then out at sea, The vessel, which was on a voyage from but several of these landed. Others, how- Calais to Warkworth Harbour in ballast, ever, held on by their nets, hoping that became a total wreck. the gale would abate. The storm still continued, and as the boats off Newbiggin PoRTHDINUCiAEN, NOBTH WALES. On were in much danger, the Life-boat was the 7th July the George Moore Life-boat launched and proceeded to their assist- went out in reply to signals of distress, ance, and remained by them until all, during a "W.N.W. wind and rough sea, 8 THE LIFE-BOAT. [FEBBUABY 2, 1880.

and remained by the schooner Weaver, of N.E. wind and moderate sea, the pilot Carnarvon, until she was out of danger, | smack Marion, while cruising between she having stranded near Llanaelhaiarn. j Lamlash and Ailsa Craig, had her jib • On the 20th July, at 7 P.M., the Life- j carried away; she afterwards stranded on boat was launched during a very heavy j the Carlin Eock, off Kildonan. The Life- N.W. gale, in response to signals of dis- \ boat Hope put off to her assistance and tress shown from the schooner Adroit, of brought ashore her crew, consisting of Aberystwith, at anchor in Forthdinllaen \ 2 men. Bay. At the request of the master, his wife, who was very ill, and a little boy, BHOSNEIGTB, ANGLESEY.—On the 20th were taken into the Life-boat, and landed July, the Life-boat Thomas Lingham pro- at Forthdinllaen. ceeded to the assistance of the barque On the llth November, at about 5 P.M., Zephyrus, of Flymouth, which had struck the smack Menai Packet, of Carnarvon, | on the rocks at Cymyran, near Ehoscolyn, bound from Swansea to Newry, with coal, during a strong S.S.W. wind and heavy which was riding at anchor in Forth- sea. The vessel's crew, 14 in number, dinllaen Bay, showed a signal of distress. had placed their luggage in the long-boat, As the •wiad -was not blowing very strongly and intended coming ashore in. her, but as at the time, a shore-boat went off to her and this would have been attended with some found that she had lost the stock of one risk, they were taken on board the Life- anchor, and required the loan of another boat; their boat was taken in tow, and anchor. The shore-boat then returned all were brought safely ashore. ashore to get one; but by the time it had been procured, a strong N.N.W. gale had FALLING-BY-THE-SEA, NOBFOLK. — On sprung up, accompanied by a heavy sea. the 13th August, during a fresh wind As it was then unsafe for the shore-boat from the S.E., the British Workman Life- to venture out alone, the Life-boat George boat, on this Station, was launched to Moore was launched, and took the boat in the assistance of the barque Zurich, of tow. On getting alongside, the captain North Shields, which had stranded o u requested the boat's crew to re-moor the Hasborongh Sands. The Life-boat re- vessel. Having done this, and the gale mained alongside until the vessel began increasing, the crew, consisting of 3 men, to break up, when the crew of 15 men, begged to be brought ashore; they were and the master's wife, were taken into the consequently taken into the Life-boat boat and landed at Falling. The barque and landed at Forthdinllaen. The smack, was on a voyage from North Shields to in the course of a few hours, parted her Spezzia, with a cargo of coal and coke. chains and came ashore. After watching during the night, the KAMSGATE AND DEAL.—On the 25th coxswain of the Life-boat observed at August, at about 3 A.M., signals were 8 o'clock on the following morning a signal shown from the Gull Light-ship, and the of distress, displayed from a schooner at Ramsgate Life-boat Bradford, in tow of anchor in the Bay. The wind was still the steam-tug Aid, and the Van Kook blowing a heavy gale from N.N.W., and Life-boat, stationed at Deal, proceeded to the sea was heavy. The George Moore the Goodwin Sands. The wind was blow- Life-boat, which had been kept in the ing fresh at the time from the S.W., and water, was at once manned, and again a heavy sea was running. On arriving at proceeded out and found the schooner the Sand, the barque Mia Madre E, of Mary Roberts, of Nefyn, had parted one Genoa, was found ashore there, with some chain, and was riding heavily to the London steamers and a Deal boat close at other. The crew, consisting of 5 men,' hand. The Life-boats remained by the were afraid that the vessel would strike vessel, their crews assisting to lighten on the ebb, and therefore wished to be her by discharging some of her cargo of brought ashore. They were accordingly wheat. On the tide flowing, the steamer taken- on board the Life-boat and safely Aid, which had returned to Eamsgate, landed. again came out, and in conjunction with the other steamers, made repeated attempts ) ISLE or ABBAN, N.B.—On the 13th to tow the vessel off the Sands. The tow- July, at about 11.30 P.M., during a strong ing-hawsers frequently broke, but were FEBBUABY 2, 1880.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 9 again made fast to the barque, and every again proceeded out in reply to signal effort was used to save her; it was, how- guns fired from the Gull Light-ship. A ever, found hopeless, and, as she was leak- large barque was seen to be ashore on the ing badly, and all her pumps had been N.E. part of the Goodwin Sands, to which disabled, it was eventually decided to the Life-boat and tug steered, and, on abandon her. The master and 13 men, arriving near, the Life-boat was slipped, with the Italian Vice-Consul, were accord- and sailed towards her. On getting along- ingly taken into the Eamsgate Life-boat, side, she was found to be the barque and the mate, 1 seaman, and 4 Deal boat- Osprey, of Arendal, bound from that port men into the Deal Life-boat, and all were to Plymouth, with timber. The master safely landed. The barque was of 892 at once engaged the services of the Life- tons register, was bound from Baltimore to boat and tug, and the steamer then backed Hull, and ultimately became a total wreck. in, put her tow-rope on board, and com- On the llth November, at 3 A.M., menced towing, the vessel striking very signal rockets were fired from the Gull heavily on the sand. After towing for Lightship, and were answered by a about half an hour, it being then nearly rocket from Eamsgate pier-head. The high water, the services of the Ulysses Life-boat Bradford and steam-tug Aid steam-tug were also engaged. After tow- were at once manned, left the harbour at ing for about an hour the vessel was got 3.15, and proceeded towards a large flare afloat, assisted by her fore and aft sails, light on the N.W. part of the Goodwin which had been set by the Life-boat crew. Sands. On arriving abreast, the Life- She was then towed round the North Sand boat was slipped and made sail for the Head, and through the Gull stream to an light, but took the ground about half a anchorage in the Downs. cable's length from the distressed vessel. The Life-boat men then hailed the crew, SWANSEA.—On the afternoon of the and told them they would come alongside 27th August the coxswain of the Life- directly the tide flowed, and that the boat received a telegram stating that three steamer would assist to get her off. On vessels were ashore between Swansea and the Life-boat floating, she attempted to Neath. The wind was then blowing a get alongside, but as the vessel was lying gale from the W.S.W., and the sea was in a swatchway, and the tide was running rough. The Wolverhampton Life-boat was very strong to S.W., it was some time before promptly launched, and proceeded to the she succeeded in getting to her. In the spot. She first reached the schooner Olena, meanwhile a Deal galley rowed alongside. which had stranded, but the master and At about daylight the Life-boat was able crew decided to remain by their vessel, as to put a man on board. As the tide the tide would allow them to walk ashore flowed, the vessel floated and drove in at low water. The boat then proceeded more on the shoal part of the sand; her about half a mile further to leeward, and anchor was then let go, but the chain went alongside the brig Queen of Britain, parted, and although her other anchor of Carnarvon, and succeeded in taking off •was let go, she still continued driving in her crew, consisting of 6 men. By that and striking heavily. The master then time the third vessel had driven well in seeing the dangerous position of his vessel, shore, and the crew were saved with some hailed the tug to come to his assistance. assistance from those on the beach. The The Aid then backed in as near as Coastguard boat was launched from the possible to her, and took her tow-rope on Mumbles at the same time as the Life- board; the chain was slipped, and she boat, but was compelled to put back as was towed clear of the sand and into she was unable to contend against the Eamsgate, arriving at about 8.30 A.M. heavy sea running at the time. The gale The vessel was leaking very badly, and was very severe, and the Life-boat crew the pumps were kept constantly going in did their work nobly. A large crowd of order to keep her afloat. She was the people assembled on the Swansea Sands schooner Albion, of Wells, bound from to witness the return of the boat, by whom Llanelly to Wells, with a cargo of coal. the crew were loudly cheered. She had a crew of 3 men. On the 25th November, at about 7.15 FLEETWOOD.—On the 29th August, at A.M., the Eamsgate Life-boat and steamer about 5 A.M., it was reported that a vessel

B 3 10 THE LIFE-BOAT. [FEBBT3AOT 2, 1880, was in distress on Bernard's Wharf, a to a signal on the Seaton Sea Bock, and sandbank situated about 2i miles E.N.E. found the coble Sons of the Wear, of Sun- of Fleetwood, and the Life-boat Edward derland, on the rock. Her crew of 4 men, Wasey was accordingly launched. On who were in great danger, were taken reaching the spot she found the schooner into the Life-boat and landed. The Life- Elizabeth Ellen Fisher, of Fleetwood, bound j boat then again went out, rendered assist- from Ardrossan to Fleetwood with a cargo ance to several other boats, and towed of pig-iron, had stranded on the sand. It one disabled coble, with a crew of 6 men was Loped that the rising tide would float on board, safely into the harbour. her off again, and the Life-boat therefore remained by her for nearly an hour. ST. DAVID'S, PEMBROKESHIRE.—On the However, the schooner began to fill with 15th October, at about 1 P.M., the Augusta water, and her crew, numbering 4 men, Life-boat was launched, it having been were then with some difficulty taken into reported that the brigantine Messenger, of the Life-boat and landed at Fleetwood. Exeter, bound from Teignmotzth to Bun- The wind was very squally from the N.W., corn with a cargo of clay, had had all her and the sea was running heavily. sails blown away on the previous night, and was drifting down towards the north CADQWITH, CORNWALL.—On the 6th end of Kamsey Sound. The tide was very September the Joseph Armstrong Life-boat strong at the time, and a strong N.N.E. went out twice and rescued 40 persons breeze was blowing. The brigantine from the Cunard steamer Brest, of Glasgow, struck on a rock called Wain Garrig, about which, while on a voyage from Havre to two miles to the north of Eamsey island. Liverpool with a large number of pas- Three of her crew managed to get on the sengers and a general cargo, went ashore rock, but the vessel then slid off with the between Cadgwith and the Lizard during master and two men on board, and drifted a fog. Several shore boats also put off down to the west of Eamsey Island. The to the vessel and rescued the remainder Life-boat proceeded towards the rook, and of the passengers; the crew were saved after a hard pull against wind and tide, by means of the ship's boats. succeeded in taking the men off and landed them at St. Justinian. The Life-boat then CARDIGAN.—On the 9th September the proceeded to Eamsey Island, but could John Stuart Life-boat with some difficulty not find the vessel. It was subsequently brought ashore the crew, consisting of found that she had made for Milford 3 men, of the schooner Ellen, of Beau- Haven, but foundered when about half- maris, which had parted her cables during way. The captain and two men landed a heavy N.W. gale and tremendous sea safely at St. Anne's Head, at the entrance near Quay Bach, in Cardigan Bay. The to Milford Haven. vessel, however, rode out the gale, and on the following morning the crew went on QVEEKSTOWN.—Ofl the 27th October, board again. at about 10.15 A.M., a telegram was re- ceived from the Coastguard Station, at BLYTH, NOBTHUMBERLAND. — On the Eobert's Cove, stating that a yacht was 23rd September, at about 1 A.M., a southerly in distress off Cork Head. The Quiver gale suddenly sprang up, increasing in Life-boat was promptly launched, and violence until about 3 o'clock, when it proceeded, in tow of a steam-tug, through became very severe. A large fleet of a heavy sea to the vessel, which proved fishing-boats which had gone out during to be the yacht Gilded Age. On reaching the night to follow the herring fishery, the her it was found that she had lost her weather being then very fine, and there rudder and both anchors, and had been being every prospect of a successful night's dismasted. Her crew of 3 men were fishing, were caught by the storm, and at taken into the Life-boat, which also as- about 4.30 the whole coast was lighted sisted to save the yacht, she being towed up for two or three miles with signals of into harbour. distress, and the wives and relatives of the fishermen were in a state of great WEXFOHD.—On November 1st, during tribulation. The Life-boat Kalford was a strong gale from E.N.E., signals were promptly launched, and proceeded first observed from a vessel which, had stranded FEBRUARY 2, 1880.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 11 on the Dogger Bank. The Life-boat Civil and the vessels were open boats contain- Service No. 1 was immediately launched, ing a large number of men, the Life-boat and proceeded to render assistance. On was launched and proceeded to protect arriving alongside tho vessel, she was and guide them into the harbour, where found to be the lugger Liberator, of Wex- they eventually arrived in safety by about ford; she was riding to her anchor, with 12.30 P.M. her rudder carried away, her crew having succeeded in getting her off the bank by BALLY WALTER, IRELAND.—On the 13th means of the anchor and cable. She had November, at about 4 A.M., signals of a crew of 6 men, and had on board the distress were perceived on Skullmartin gunner of the Tuskar Lighthouse, who Reef. The Life-boat Admiral Henry was being taken ashore in consequence of Meynell was promptly manned and pro- being ill. He was taken on board the ceeded to the reef, where she found the Life-boat and landed at Wexford. The schooner Lady Land, of Glasgow, which crew refused to leave their vessel, but she had struck there while under a press shortly afterwards dragged her anchor and of canvas. There was a heavy sea rolling went ashore. in from N.E., and as the vessel was striking heavily, the crew of 6 men were SCARBOROUGH.—On the 12th November, taken into the Life-boat and brought at about 8 A.M., signals of distress were ashore. seen to be shown by a schooner at anchor in the Bay during a very strong N. gale. GORLESTON.—On the 13th November The Life-boat -Lady Leigh was immediately signals of distress were seen in a N.E. launched and proceeded to the vessel, direction, and rockets were fired from the which proved to be the Alert, of Scar- St. Nicholas Lightship, in response to borough, which had left that port on which the Life-boat Leicester proceeded the previous day in ballast to proceed to out, and found the Violet trawling smack the North for coals. Her crew, consisting had been in collision with the schooner of 2 men, were very anxious to be taken Evelyn, of Fraserburgh. The wind was off, and with considerable difficulty, as blowing hard from N.N.E., with consider- the tide was low, and the waves were able sea, and the crew of the Violet had very high, they were taken into the abandoned their vessel, thinking she would Life-boat and brought safely ashore. founder, and had gone on board the After landing these men, the smack Evelyn. The smack had already, on the Hester, of Ipswich, was seen to be in same night, met with an accident, and extreme peril riding amongst the breakers, was leaking badly. The Life-boat slipped with a signal of distress flying. The the schooner's chain, and after clearing Life-boat at once proceeded to her assist- the two vessels, put the Violet's crew on ance, and having placed 2 men on board, board their own craft, remained by her managed to get two warps from the pier, until daylight, and then assisted her into and attached them to her, by which means the harbour. she was then hauled into the harbour On November 14, at about 2.30 A.M., with assistance from those on the pier. two flares were seen on the Scroby Sand, The Life-boat afterwards went out a and rockets were fired from the St. third time and proceeded again to the Nicholas Light. The Leicester Life-boat Alert, in tow of a steam-tug. The gale immediately put off, and on reaching the had by that time somewhat abated, and sand a vessel was discovered sunk, with 2 of the Life-boatmen having been put the crew on the mast and in the rigging. on board, the anchor was slipped, and she The Life-boat anchored and veered down was safely towed into harbour. until under the mast of the wreck, from On the 25th November a heavy gale which the crew, consisting of 5 men, of wind from E.S.E. sprang up in the lowered themselves into the boat. They morning, causing a very heavy sea. At had been three hours and a half in the about 10 o'clock eight Scotch fishing- rigging, and were much exhausted; in vessels, on their way from Yarmouth fact, it was feared that one of them would fishing-grounds to Scotland, were seen have died, but he happily recovered after running for Scarborough, seeking refuge; reaching the land. On hauling the Life- and as the sea was mostly broken water, boat off, after the last man was saved, the 12 THE LIFE-BOAT. [FEBRTJA.RY 2,1880. cable parted, the boat having been struck of the anchor was then shifted, and the by a heavy sea. Fortunately she -was crew, consisting of 8 men, were fortunately then clear of the wreck; had this hap- rescued, the sea breaking over the brig as pened a few minutes sooner the conse- high as the foretop, and over the boat the quences would probably have been very whole time. She proved to be the Rival, serious to the Life-boat, and no doubt of Blytb, bound from Gravesend to New- fatal to any of the men left in the rigging castle in ballast. of the wreck. The water was very shallow on the sand, and the sea very heavy, the Life-boat being many times filled with water. The wrecked vessel was the Ann THE LATE Wilmot, trawling smack, belonging to ME. E. W. COOKE, E.A., F.E.S. Lowestoft. We lament to record the death, on the CEMLYN, ANGLESEY.—On the 8th Oc- 4th January last, of this distinguished tober, the schooner Haleswell, of Bridg- marine artist and Member of the Eoyal water, went ashore outside the Harry Academy. Furlongs Bocks, daring a fog. She was By Mr. Cooke's death the NATIONAL observed at 7 A.M., and a boat came ashore LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION . has lost one from her with two of her crew to ask for of its oldest friends. In 1865 lie pre- the assistance of the Life-boat. The Good sented to it a Life-boat, the cost of Shepherd Life-boat went out to her aid, which was defrayed by himself and his and rendered material assistance in carry- friends, some of the most eminent artists ing out the anchors and tugging at the of the day contributing to his Life-boat vessel, and at about 3 o'clock in the after- Fund. He wished the boat to be named, noon the schooner was got afloat. She from his German descent, the Van Kook, was on a voyage from Liverpool to Bridg- and it was stationed by the Institution water with coal. at Deal. Since that period it has performed some CAISTER.—On the 12th November, at numerous services in saving the crews of about 11.40 A.M., the brig Lavinia, of various shipwrecks on the fatal Goodwin Guernsey, bound thence to Sunderland, Sands, as the following list shows:— in ballast, was seen to be between the SEKVICKS OP THE 'VAN KOOK' LIFE-BOAT. Scroby and Cross Sands with colours Lives saved. flying union downwards. The Covent Ship Iron Crown, of Liverpool. Rendered Garden Life-boat proceeded to her assist- assistance. ance, and fonnd her riding with both Schooner Peerless, of Aberystwith ... 5 Ship Intjrie, of Amsterdam ...... 9 anchors down, but one cable had parted; Brigantine Germania, of Bremen .... 7 she had three feet of water in her hold, Brig Sori. Assisted to save vessel. and her ballast had shifted to the lee Brig St. Thomas's Pacfcet, ot B\>-th. AssvBte& to save vessel and crew 6 side. The Life-boatmen dared not board Barque Albert, of Bremen 21 the vessel while at anchor, the sea being Barque Amazon, of Gothenburg .... 5 too heavy, they therefore shouted to the Danish barque Louisa. Assisted to save vessel. Brig Remembrance, of Middlesborough . . 8 crew to slip the cable, and boarded her Schooner Eliza Cornish, of Sunderland. Saved while under weigh.. The brig was taken vessel and 5 Barque Monte Carmelo, of AfaJte. Assisted between the Scroby and Cross Sands, a to save vessel and 13 steam-tug was engaged, and she was towed Schooner Josie, of New York. Assisted to into Yarmouth Harbour. She had stranded save vessel and 8 Schooner Ton Mawr, of Fowey. Saved vessel on the Hasborough Sands on the previous and 5 night. Swedish barque Bedvig Sophia 12 On the 28th December, at 4 A.M., large French brig D'Artagncm 5 Ship Crusader, of Liverpool 22 flares were seen in the direction of the Barque Hannah Jtathkens, of Rostock ... 5 Cross Sand. The Life-boat Covent Garden Barque Royal Arch, of Sunderland. Kendered was launched, and proceeded to the Cross assistance. Barque Mia Madre £., of Genoa .... 6 Sand, on "which, a very b.eavy sea -was Ship Leda, of Bremen 19 running, and found a brig ashore on the Total number of Jives saved bv the),,., sand. The boat's anchor was let go, but lbl she could not reach the vessel; the position ran Kook Life-boat . . . ". .f

The "VAN KOOK" LIFEBOAT SAVING A SHIPWRECKED CREW on the Goodwin Sands. FEBBUABY 2, 1880.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 13

The Life-boat has likewise assisted to was twenty years of age was employed in rescue seven vessels from destruction, in making illustrations in the 'Botanical addition to having been launched on Cabinet' and ' London's Encyclopaedia.' forty-eight other occasions in reply to To this early exercise of his powers may signals of distress, her services not ulti- be due his ardent study of botany and mately being needed. his practice of collecting ferns and other It is somewhat singular that only seven plants. Many coast views and topo- days before Mr. Cooke's lamented death, graphical plates were executed by him. the Van Kook performed one of its He took part in preparing the work grandest services in rescuing a ship- ' London and its Vicinity/ fifty plates of wrecked crew of nineteen men from the drawings made in previous years, and ship Leda, of Bremen. published in 1826, being contributed by It appears that during a gale of wind him. In 1829 he published ' Fifty Plates from the S.W., the weather being very of Shipping and Craft,' being his own thick with rain at the time, signal guns drawings and etchings. He made and of distress were heard at Deal from the etched the drawings of old and new light-ships, in response to which the Van London Bridges, which his father pub- Kook Life-boat was launched, and pro- lished in 1833. The singular ability thus ceeded towards the Goodwin Sands. On shown excited so much surprise that many Hearing the East Goodwin Light-ship, the denied that the lad of thirteen or four- ship Leda, of Bremen, bound to that port teen years of age could have produced from New Tork, with a cargo of petroleum, such works; sceptics very unreasonably was seen aground, and soon afterwards attributed them to his father or his uncle. her main and mizen masts were observed After practising as an engraver and to fall. The Life-boat crossed the Sands water-colour painter, Mr. E. W. Cooke through a very heavy sea, let go her turned his attention to oil-painting, and anchor, and veered down to the wreck, by 1832 had made considerable progress and with great risk she was enabled to in this direction. The first public fruits rescue the vessel's crew, numbering 19 of these studies appeared early at the men, by means of ropes. One man was Royal Academy Exhibitions. He was a nearly lost, and another was much hurt most assiduous artist, and his sketches, by being knocked down in the boat by which he showed to us, could only be the heavy seas which repeatedly filled counted by hundreds, and he was ever her; in fact the sea was so strong that ready to say that he owed everything the men had to hold fast to prevent being nearly to his untiring industry. washed out of the Life-boat. In addition to knowing thoroughly the In consideration of the gallant services coasts of bis native land—and all their thus performed by the crew of the Van geological and other characteristics—he Kook, the Institution at once granted also visited all parts of Europe to find them a double reward. work for his facile pencil, thus producing Mr. Cooke was in the sixty-ninth year for many years in succession a consider- of his age when he died at his house, able number of harbour, bay, and cliff Tunbridge Wells. He was one of the subjects, •with niuneTOTis shipping and best known and most skilful landscape figures. 'Mending the Bait-net, Shank- and marine painters of our time. lin,' and' Hastings Sands,' 1836, indicated He was born in London in 1811, the the earlier fields of his studies. These son and pupil of Mr. George Cooke, re- were followed by ' French Sloop, &c., off nowned as a pupil of Basire, and brother Granville, Normandy/ and 'Collecting of Mr. W. Bernard Cooke, an eminent Sea-Weed, St. Aubin's Bay, Jersey.' A line engraver, who, among other works, Dutch journey, fruitful of pictures, and produced 'Kiver Scenery,' after Turner the first of many voyages in the same and Girtin. George Cooke was even better direction, was illustrated by' Dutch. Boats known as an engraver of Turner's pictures, on the Y/ 1837. After this time he bor- especially those of ' The Southern Coast' rowed subjects from Naples, the Zuyder (1814-1826), which he published in con- Zee, the Gulf of Genoa, Venice, Marseilles, junction with his brother. Practising as \ Calais, Cornwall, the Goodwin Sands, an engraver and as the assistant of his Weymouth, the Isle of Wight, Mount's father, Edward William Cooke until he Bay, Mont St. Michel, Scheveningen, Tar- TEE LIFE-BOAT. [FEBBUABT 2,1880. month, and the Nile. Some of his better- ning to anchor off Yarmouth.' The nature known works are 'Dutch Boats on the of his art, honourable as it was to him— Dollart Zee/ ' A Calm Day in the Scheldt/ distinguished by care, studious drawing, ' A Bit of English Coast/ ' Catalan Bay, and thorough painting—is too well known Gibraltar'(E.A. 1863), 'The Goodwin to need any detailed description. His Light-ship/ 'The Life-boat Eescue on scientific attainments were marked by the Goodwin Sands/ 'A Dutch Galliot his election as a Fellow of the Eoyal Aground/ 'H.M.S. Terror Abandoned/ Society, a very rare honour for an artist, 1860. in. addition to bdng a. Metatoes o£ tke Mr. Cooke was elected A.B.A. in 1851. Geological, Linnasan, and other learned He became a Eoyal Academician in 1864, societies, testifying to his refined tastes when he exhibited' Schevening Pinks run- and scientific pursuits.

ADDITIONAL STATIONS AND NEW LIFE-BOATS.

FERRYSIDE, CAEMAHTHEK BAT.—The Esq., of Manchester, having, through the NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION has re- Manchester Branch, presented to the cently provided a new Life-boat for this Institution some time since the cost of station—the boat, like its predecessor, the boat-nonse in memory of his late being named the City of Manchester. It is wife. The Manchester Branch, of which 32 feet long, 7£ feet wide, and rows 10 oars EOBEET WHITWOBTH, Esq., and A. H. double banked, and is furnished with a HEYWOOD, Esq., are Treasurers, and the new transporting-carriage. The boat has Eev. E. HEWLETT, of St. Paul's, is Hon, since been tried by its crew in a rough Secretary, has been instrumental in pro- sea; after thoroughly testing its qualities viding 16 of the 269 Life-boats of the in every way, they spoke in the highest NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, the terms of its behaviour, and stated that Branch boats being stationed at the fol- they were pleased and prowl to possess lowing places •.—The City of Manchester, such a boat. On the way to its station Carmarthen Bay; the John Stuart, Car- the Life-boat was taken to Manchester, digan ; the Albert Victor, Berwick-on- and publicly exhibited there on the 15th Tweed; the Robert WTiitworth, Whitby; July. There is a handsome and com- the Henry Nixson No. 1, Maryport; the modious house at the Ferryside which has Alfred and Ernest, Courtown; the William recently been thoroughly renovated for Woodcock, Lyme Eegis; the John Gray the reception of the Life-boat, S. L. HELM, Sell, Llanddwyn; the John Ashbury, Port- FEBBUABY 2,1880.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 15 madoc; the Salford, Blyth; the Henry Inspector of Life-boats to the Institution, Nixson No. 2, Abergele; the Manchester then said:— and Salford Sunday School, Douglas; the Two Sisters, "Ramsey; the Mabel Louisa, " As the representative here to-day of the ROTAI- NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, I have great Abersoch; the Job Hindley, Seaton Carew; 1 pleasure in receiving from you this very handsome and the Mary Brundret, Torquay. Not a j gift of a Life-boat to it and the town of Southend, winter passes without some of these boats and I beg to offer you the sincere thanks of the Institution for it. The formation of a new Branch rendering important service in saving life of the Institution, and the consequent placing of from shipwreck. another boat must always be a gratifying incident in its history, showing as it does that the Institu- tion continues to enjoy the well-earned confidence SOITTHEND, ESSKX.—On the application of the Public, and enabling it to enrol under its of the local'residents, the Institution has banner aa fellow-workers in the great and noble formed a Life-boat establishment at South- cause it has in hand the members of such a community as that of Southend. end, on the Coast of Essex. In conse- "This Station forms the 269th established by quence of the extreme flatness of the the Institution on our coasts—the whole of which shore, and the inequality of the ground have been gifts to it from various sources; indeed the list of donors includes names from all between high and low water marks, classes of Society. Some of the Life-boats have it would be impracticable to launch a been given by individuals in memory of departed Life-boat from the beach at low water friends, others commemorate memorable or auspi- cious events, as those given by the Freemasons without great delay. The Pier Company of England to commemorate the safe return therefore afforded the Institution every of H.R.H. the Prince of Wales from India, while possible facility to enable it to place the some of our numerous others, including the one we are met here to inaugurate to-day, were from Boat at the end of the Pier, which,, as is various branches of the Press; some from inland generally known, is more than a mile and j towns and districts, which form striking examples a quarter in length. A suitable Life-boat of the universal interest in and sympathy for our Seamen that exists all through the country in the has accordingly been provided, which is difficulties and dangers they have to contend with. suspended from davits, and can be launched Nor is this feeling confined to the old country, for more than one boat has come either from in- into a sufficient depth of water at the dividuals or communities of Englishmen residing in lowest spring tides. The Life-boat is foreign countries. Some of the benevolent societies, intended to assist the crews of vessels including the Order of Odd Fellows, the Ancient Foresters, and the Ancient Shepherds, enjoy with which may go ashore on the Nore and many others a place on the list. Nor can I omit Leigh Middle Sands, and other outlying a boat contributed by Penny Readings, one pre- banks at the entrance of the Thames. It sented by the " Covent Garden " Life-boat Fund, Life-boats given by the Sunday Schools of two of is 25 feet long, 7J feet wide, rows 8 oars our large cities, and two boats by the working- double banked, and is supplied with the people of Edinburgh and Glasgow. But in all this usual equipment of the Boats of the Insti- long list of munificent donations, I think the most striking and heart-stirring gift received by the tution. The cost of the boat has been de- Institution was the sum of 4?. in coppers given by frayed from the Life-boat Fund collected by the children of the Ragged Schools of London. Mr. EDWIN J. BKETT, through the medium " These few facts will show you how confirmed and widespread is the sympathy with and confidence of his Magazine, the 'Soys of England.' The in the Institution felt by the Public of all classes, public inauguration of the new Life-boat and which, we do not doubt, this day's proceedings Station took place on the 13th November, will increase and strengthen in this town and neighbourhood. in the presence of a large number of " In addition to maintaining these Stations in a persons, amid considerable enthusiasm, thoroughly efficient state, and paying the crews of everything passing off in the most satis- the Life-boats the moderate allowances agreed upon for going out to exercise once a quarter, and factory manner. The preliminary ar- for going to the rescue of seamen in distress, the rangements being complete, the Rev. F. Institution spends yearly considerable sums in THACKEEAT, Chairman of the Local Board rewards to other boats and their crews for saving life from shipwreck. and of the Local Committee, in a few " Since its first establishment in 1824 the Ins_ti- words introduced Mr. BBBTT, who said tution has contributed directly, either through'its own Life-boats or by rewards to others uncon- that it gave him much pleasure to be nected with it, to the saving of upwards of 26,000 present on that occasion. Should the lives from shipwreck. During the year 1878 the new Life-boat be but the means of res- number was 616, of which 471 were saved by the Boats of the Institution. cuing one life from a watery grave, he "Notwithstanding that the affairs of the Insti- would feel amply repaid for the efforts tution are managed with a remarkable combination he had made in the collection of the of economy and judicious liberality, of course a very large sum is required annually for its main- Life-boat Fund. Capt. the Hon. H. W. tenance ; this sum amounts in round numbers to CHETWYND, E.N., the London District nearly 40,000?., and for it the Institution has to 16 THE LIFE-BOAT. [FEBRUARY 2, 1880. look entirely to the Public, for those grand words, of Life-boats, on their visits to the, following so characteristic of charitable institutions in this Life-boat Stations:— country, " Supported by Voluntary Contributions," are in its case literally and strictly applicable, not No. 1 District. Capt. the Hon. H. W. CHET- one penny of aid being received from any other WYND, R.N., London—Walton-on-the-Naze. source. " I am afraid I am detaining you too long, but No. 2 District. Commander C. LAPRIMAUDAYE, there is one other branch of the subject I must R.N., Bristol—Bull Bay, Cemaes, Cemlyn, Holy- allude to. All these magnificent Life-boats, with head, Rhoscolyn, Rhosneigir, Llanddwyn, Aber- their complete and costly equipments, the com- soch, Porthdinllaen, Portmadoc, Penarth, Porth- bined result of actual experience and scientific cawl, Swansea, Ferryside and Pembrey. knowledge, would be utterly useless without the aid of the noble-hearted and gallant men who form their crews. The most cold-blooded, unimpassioned No. 3 District. Lieut. H. T. G. TIPPING, R.N., stoic existing could not, I believe, read without Dublin—Arklow, Courtown, Cahore, Wexf ord (two emotion the records of the noble deeds done and Life-boats), Carnsore, Duncannon, Tramore, Dun- devotion to self-imposed duty displayed by these garvan, Ardmore, Youghal,, Ballycotton, Queens- men. I have no hesitation in saying the crews of town and Courtmacsherry. the Life-boats have over and over again displayed, and are constantly displaying, as true courage and heroism as was ever shown on the field of battle. No. 4 District. Lieut. H. A. MONTEITH, R.N., Indeed, it cannot but be most gratifying to anyone Edinburgh—Eyemouth, Dunbar, North Berwick, with British blood in his veins, to see these indis- Tynemouth (two Boats), Cullercoats, Blyth (two putable proofs that the good old British spirit that Boats), Newbiggin, Cresswell, Alnmouth and has so long carried our beloved flag triumphantly Boulmer. through the battle and the breeze, is as strong as ever it was; nor is this spirit confined to the men, No. 5 District. Commander ST. VINCENT NE- for events have occurred within the last few months PEAN, R.N., Hull — Kessingland (two Boats), which show that the race of Grace Darlings still Southwold (two Boats), Dunwich, Aldborough, exists, the Institution having recently performed Thorpe, Clacton-on-Sea, Whitburn, Sunderland the graceful and pleasing duty of decorating with (four Boats), Seaham and Hartlepool. its medal five young ladies for fearlessly dashing out into a rough sea in their light pleasure-boat, Reported the receipt of the following special and by the exertion of consummate presence of contributions since the last Meeting:— mind, and thoroughly good management of their £. s. d. boat, succeeding in snatching from certain and in- tfiss VERNON WENTWORTH, Wentworth evitable death an unfortunate man whose boat had Castle, additional 50 0 0 capsized. J. D. TAYLOR, Esq., Groveland, additional 20 0 0 " I again thank you, Mr. BRETT, for this hand- Offertory in Harby Church, per Rev. some gift, feeling confident the untarnished name M. O. NORMAN, additional ... 100 of the noble cause to which it is devoted will be —To Tie severally thanked. gallantly upheld by our friends and now fellow- workers, the boatmen of Southend, and that the The Committee expressed their sorrow at the remainder of the community, to whom it is equally announcement of the deaths of Sir ROWLAND presented, will do its part by contributing liberally HILL, K.C.B.. and Mr. HENRY NEGRETTI, who towards the necessary expenses of its maintenance had for many years taken great interest in the in a state of efficiency." welfare of the Life-boat cause. Voted the thanks of the Committee to J. E. FISHER, Esq., and G. KER HODSON, Esq.,, in The Kev. F. THACKBBAT having thanked acknowledgment of their past kind co-operation the donor of the Institution in the name as the Honorary Secretaries, respectively, of the Cleethorpes and Hornsea Branches of the Institu- of the town, Mrs. E. J. BBETT stepped tion. forward and named the boat, in the usual Reported the transmission to her Station of the manner, the Boys of England and Edwin new Life-boat for Fleetwood, and the return of J. Brett. The Life-boat was then lowered the old Boat to London. Paid 2,545Z. 9s. 6d. for sundry charges on various into the water, and tried under sails and Life-boat Establishments. oars, when it gave every satisfaction to Voted 371. 13s. to pay the expenses of the Life- the crew. boats at Cadgwith, Cardigan, Blyth, and New- biggin, in rendering the following services:— Livea saved. SOMMABY OF THE Steamer Brest, of Glasgow 40 Schooner Ellen, of Beaumaris 8 MEETINGS OF THE COMMITTEE. Fishing-coble Sons of the Wear, of Sunderland 4 Fishing-boat at Blyth, saved boat and . . 6 THURSDAY, 2nd October, 1879: Other fishing-boats at Blyth. Rendered as- sistance. THOMAS CHAPMAN, Esq., F.R.S., V.P., Chairman Schooner Union T. 7 of the Institution, in the Chair. The Newbiggin Life-boat had also rendered Read and approved the Minutes of the previous assistance to several fishing-boats. Meeting, and those of the Finance and Correspond- (The details of these services will be found on ence, and Wreck and Reward Sub-Committees. pages 7 and 10.) Also the Report of Rear-Admiral J. R. WARD, Voted also 99J. 3*. to pay the expenses of the the Chief Inspector, on his recent visit to Walton- Kingstown, Brighstone Grange, Flamborongh, on-the-Naze, and those of the District Inspectors Clacton-on-Sea, Howth, Harwich, and Peterhead FEBBUABY 2, 1880.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 17

life-boats in assembling their crews, or putting oS Howth, Bogerstown, Drogheda, Dimdalk, Giles' in reply to signals of distress shown by vessels not Quay, and Fleetwood. ultimately needing the aid of the Boats. Also the Reports of the District Inspectors on The Ramsgate Lif e-bpat had also beenlaunched theit recent visit to the under-mentioned Life-boat twice to the aid of distressed vessels, but her Stations:— services had no't been eventually required. 1. Newhaven, Eastbourne, Hastings, Rye, Win- Voted the Silver Medal of the Institution, and chelsea, Lydd, New Romney, and Hytbe. a copy of the vote inscribed on vellum, to Miss 2. Pembrey, Tenby, Milf ord, Solva, St. David's, ELLEN FRANCES PBIDEAUX BRUNE, Miss GER- Fishguard, Cardigan, Newqnay, Aberystwith, TRUDE ROSE PRIDEAUX BRUNE, Miss MARY Aberdovey, Mumbles, and Porthcawl. KATHERINE PRIDEAUX BRUNE, Miss BEATRICE 3. Valentia, Tralee, Skerries, Dnndalk, and Grey- MAY PRIDEAUX BRUNE, and Miss NORA stones. O'SHAUGHNESSY, in acknowledgment of their 4. Hauxley, North Sunderland, Holy Island intrepid and prompt services in proceeding, (two Life-boats), Berwick-on-Tweed, Dunbar, through a heavy surf, in their rowing-boat and Stromness, Longhope, and Thurso. saving, at considerable risk of life, a sailor from 5. Hartlepool (three Boats), West Hartlepool a boat which had heen capsized by a squall oi (two Boats), Seaton Caiew, Middlesborottgh, Red- wind off Bray Hill, Padstow Harbour, Cornwall, car, Saltburn, Staithes, Runswick, Upgang, Whitby on the 9th August. When the accident occurred, (two Boats), Scarborough, Filey, Flamborougn the ladies' boat was being towed astern of a (two Boats), Bridlington, Withernsea, Hornsea, fishing-boat, and Miss ELLEN PRIDEAUX BRUNE, Cleethorpes, and Donna Nook. with great gallantry and determination, asked to Reported that a Lady had presented 750?. to the be cast off; and, with her companions, she^pro- Institution for the purpose of placing a Life-boat ceeded with all possible despatch to the rescue of on the coast. A mutual promise had been made by the drowning sailor. All the ladies showed great her husband and herself that the survivor should courage, presence of mind, and marked ability in give during lifetime, or by will, a Life-boat to the the management of their small boat. They ran Institution. Her husband having preceded her in great risk in getting the man into it, on account of death, she had decided to carry out in her lifetime the strong tide and saa on at the time. their agreement. The Life-boat to be named the Yoted also the thanks oi the Institution to the Margaret and Edward. Hon. J. G. P. VEKEKER, and to SAMUEL BATE, Decided that the benevolent Donor be thanked, late coxswain of the Institution's Padstow Life- and that her Life-boat be sent to Runswick, on the boat, who were also instrumental in saving a boy | coast of Yorkshire. who had been thrown out of the same boat. Reported the receipt of the following other Also the thanks of the Institution, inscribed on special contributions since the last meeting:— vellum, to GEORGE REYNOLDS, Commissioned £. «. d. Boatman of H.M. Coastguard, at Good wick, Pem- Miss ANN MARIA HOOPEK, of Bristol, brokeshire, and 11. each to 3 other men, for putting for a Life-boat to be named the off in a Coastguard boat, at very great risk (their Hooper, per G. J. HUTCHINS, Esq., boat being filled twice by the heavy seas before of Clifton 500 0 0 getting to the vessel), and saving the crew of 3 The "Oliver Goldsmith" Life-boat men from the smack Jane and Margaret, of New- Fund, per General TULLOH and Miss port, Pembrokeshire, which had been driven on GOLDSMITH TDLLOH, on account . 319 10 3 the rocks while attempting to make Newport Miss BARKWORTH, Tunbridge Wells, harbour during a fresh N.N.W. gale on the night additional 50 0 0 of the 16th August. The Countess of SANDWICH, additional 25 0 0 Also the thanks of the Institution, inscribed Mrs. A. GOMONDE, Pau, additional . 20 0 0 on vellum, to the Rev. P. VYVYAN ROBINSON, Miss ENGLISH and Officers and Chil- and 25£ to 41 fishermen and Coastguardmen at dren of Licensed Victuallers' School, Cadgwith and the Lizard, Cornwall, for putting in aid of support of the Licensed off and saving at some risk 69 persons from the Victualler Lire-boat, additional . 440 steamer Brest, of Glasgow, which was wrecked —To be severally thanked. between Cadgwith and the Lizard, during a fog, on the 6th September. Reported that the following legacies had been Also SI to three persons for putting off in a bequeathed to the Institution:— boat and rescuing two other persons who, -while £ s. d, crossing the ford at Inny river, co. Kerry, with a The late Miss SARAH WOODWARD, of horse and cart between two and three o'clock on Oldham Place, Farringdon Road . 2000 0 0 the morning of the 24th June, had been carried The late ROBEBT ALLAN, Esq., of away towards the sea, the river being at the time Glenhouse, N.B. (duty free) ... 500 0 0 in a swollen state through heavy rain. The late Mrs. MAKGARET ADOLPHE, of Dublin 42 14 2 Paid 2,780/. lls. 6

Voted also 62Z. 18s. to pay the expenses of the Independent Order of Oddfellows £,. s. d. Life-boats at Carnsore, Wexford, Portadinllaen, (Manchester llnity), in aid of the Wells, Maryport, Ehyl, Mnllion, and Arklow, in support of their Life-boat at Clee- assembling their crews or putting off with the view thorpes, annual subscription . . 50 0 0 of assisting vessels which did not ultimately need Admiral WHISH 25 0 0 the aid of the boats. Rev; G. M. GORHAM and Rev. J. Also 61. to 6 men for putting off in a Coastguard HOLMES, Executors of the late boat from Ballydavid, Ireland, and, at some risk, ALICIA HARVEY, of Bridlington saving 6 persons from the yacht Vesta, of Queens- Quay 2000 town, which had parted one of her cables, and was Proceeds of an Entertainment at Wol- in a dangerous position off Smerwick, co. Kerry, verhampton, per THOS. SKIDMORE, during a N.N.W. gale, on the 25th August. Esq. 500 Also 51. to 7 men and 2 boys for putting off in a Contents of Contribution Box on board boat and saving 7 of the crew of the barque Jtth'e, the s.s. California, per Captain of Drammen, which had struck on a rock on the DONALDSON ...... 4 10 3 west side of Fair Isle, Shetland, and sank, during Portion of Harvest Thankoffering at a dense fog, on the 15th August. Chiltern Parish Church, Sudbury, Also 41. to 4 men for putting off in a boat and on 2nd November, per Rev. HEK- saving, at considerable risk, in a rough sea, 3 per- BEBT SMITH 150 sons who had taken refuge on a small island called Young Men's Christian Union of Upper Beoster, Shetland, their boat having struck upon a Holloway Chapel, per Mr. P. TEEET, rock, and been totally wrecked during hazy weather Jun 0 10 0 on the 25th September. —To be severally thanked. Also SI. to 3 men for putting off in a boat and rescuing, at some risk, 2 other men from a boat Reported that the following legacies had been which had been capsized oS Harwich, in a heavy bequeathed to the Institution:— sea, on the 5th September. £. s. d. Also 11.10s. to 3 men for putting off in a boat, The late Mrs. H. K. HOLME SUMNER, during a gale of wind from theN.N.E., and saving of Swaffiham (duty-free) .... 100 0 0 8 of the crew of the ketch Notre Dame, of Boulogne, The late Mrs. HARRIET KIKKPATRICK, which had stranded on the East Sands, off Blake- of Sutton (duty-free). .... 100 0 0 ney, on the Norfolk Coast, on the 14th October. Decided that a new edition of the Life-boat Also 11.10s. to 3 men for putting off in a boat Regulations in a modified and re-arranged form, and saving the crew of 2 men from the flat Sarah, with marginal notes, be issued to the Branches of of Carnarvon, which was totally wrecked off Ehyl, the Institution, with the view of making them as North Wales, during a strong N.W. wind and clear as possible to the Coxswains and Crews of heavy sea on the 17t3i October. , the Life-boats. Also that the best thanks of the Committee be presented to Vice-Admiral AUGUSTUS PHILLIMORE, late Admiral Superintendent of Naval Reserves, in THURSDAY, 4th December : acknowledgment of his cordial and valuable co- The Chairman of the Institution in the Chair. operation with the Institution while holding that office. Bead and approved the Minutes of the previous Also to T. G. JONES, Esq., Collector of H.M. Meeting, and those of the Finance and Correspond- Customs at Belfast, for his kind and untiring ser- ence, and Wreck and Reward Sub-Committees. vices in collecting for many years past contribu- Also the Report of the Chief Inspector, on his tions from seamen at the Belfast, Newport (Mon- recent visits to Southend and Walton-on-the-Naze; mouth) and West Hartlepool Custom Houses, in also those of the five District Inspectors of Life- aid of the Funds of the Institution. boats on their visits to the following Life-boat The Committee expressed their deep regret at Stations:— the lamented death of Mr. Serjeant Cox and Mr. 1. Margate, Kingsgate, Broadstairs, Ramsgate, DELANE, both of whom took considerable interest North Deal, Kingsdown, and Walmer. in the welfare of the Institution, and who were 2. Looe, Fowey, Mevagissey, Falmouth, Mullion, always ready to promote its great and national Cadgwith, Porthoustock, Porthleven, Penzance, objects, through the medium of the Field and Sennen Cove, Scilly, St. Ives, Hayle, Newquay, The Times. Padstow, Port Isaac, Portloe, and Lizard. 3. New Brighton (two Life-boats), Sonthport, Paid 3,9371.18s. 9d. for sundry charges on various Lytham, Blackpool, Piel, Whitehaven, Seascale, Life-boat establishments. Maryport, Silloth, Ramsey, Douglas (two Boats), Voted 541. 16s. to pay the expenses of the Castletown, and Fleetwood. Porthdinllaen, Scarborough, Ballywalter, and Gor- 4. Huna, Ackergill, Nairn, Lossiemouth, Buckie, leston Life-boats, in rendering the following ser- vices :— Banff, Whitelink Bay, Fraserburgh, Peterhead, Lives Cruden, and Newburgh. saved. 5. Theddlethorpe, Sutton, Chapel, Skegness, Schooner Mary Roberts, of Nefyn 5 Hunstanton, Brancaster, Wells, Blakeney, Sher- Schooner Alert, of Scarborough 2 ingham, Cromer, Mundesley, Bacton, Hasborough, Scotch fishing-boats in distress off Scar Palling (two Boats), Winterton, Caister (two borough. Rendered assistance. Boats), Gorleston, Yarmouth (two Boats), Lowes- Schooner Lady Land, of Glasgow ... 6 toft (two Boats), Corton, Pakefield (two Boats), Smack Ann Wilmot, of Lowestof t ... 5 Kessingland (two Boats), Southwold (two Boats), and Dunwich. The Ramsgate, Porthdinllaen, Caister, Scar- Reported the receipt of the following special borough, Gorleston, and Cromer Life-boats, had contributions since the last Meeting:— also rendered the following services: £. s. d. Schooner Albion, of Wells, assisted to save vessel Miss MAKIA OXSLOW, of St. Neot's, and 3 men; barque Osprey, of Arendal, assisted for a Life-boat to be named the to save vessel and 16 ; smack JUenai Packet, of " Denzil and Maria Onslow" . . 600 0 0 Carnarvon, 3 lives saved and rendered assistance FEBRTJABY 2, 1880.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 19

to ressel; brig Lavinia, of Guernsey, assisted to A WRECK ON THE GOODWIN SANDS. save vessel and 8; smack Hester, of Ipswich, assisted to save vessel and 3; smack Viola, of 1 Inasmuch as ye did it unto one of the least ot these, ye Yarmouth, assisted to save vessel and 6; s.s. did it unto Me.' Moidart, of Glasgow, remained by vessel. Reported that the Cullercoats Life-boat had THE Life-boat went out at the break of the rendered assistance to the distressed coble Reliance, morning, of Cullercoats. Though few then dared hope to behold her once Also that the Ramsgate Life-boat had put off to more. the aid of a distressed vessel, but that her services The storm-signal raised on the staff gave dire were not eventually required. warning; (The particulars of most of these services will be The boats, all save one, were hauled high on the found on pp. 8-12.) shore; Voted also 123?. 3s. 2d. to pay the expenses of For not even the grey-headed sires can recall the Life-boats at Walmer, Donna Nook, North Such tempest of thunder, of snow, hail and Snnderland, Great Yarmouth, Withemsea, Kings- rain: downe, Deal, and Southend (Essex), in assembling But the crew who launched forth were the bravest their crews or putting off with the view of render- of all. ing assistance to vessels not ultimately needing The men of the Life-boat are ne'er sought in their aid. vain. Also the Silver Medal of the Institution to Through long, tedious hours, impatient, they Mr. GEORGE MARKWELL, formerly Coxswain of • waited the Holy Island Life-boat, in acknowledgment; of The bell that would call them to start from the his generally valuable and brave services in saving strand; many lives from shipwreck. At length when it sounded they rushed there Also II. 10*. to 4 men for putting off in a boat elated, and saving 2 men from a boat which had been While guns of distress -were still heard far ofi struck by a sudden squall and capsized in Poole land. Harbour, Dorset, on the 20th October. Through long anxious hours, though toil-worn and weary, THURSDAY, 4th December. They valiantly fight 'gainst the gale and the foam; A Special General Meeting of the Governors of Their gaze only fixed on the distance so dreary; the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFB-BOAT INSTITUTION No murmur is heard, or a wish turned to home. was held this day at its House, John Street, Adelphi— THOMAS CHAPMAN, Esq., F.R.S., V.P., Chair- Aloft in the air a bright rocket is soaring; man of the Institution, in the Chair. A line is thrown vainly . . and vainly again; The Chairman having stated the object for which (Some eagerly •watching, some wildly imploring) this Special General Meeting of the Governors of Another ascends . . and now . . not in vain I the Institution had been convened, the Secretary The shipwrecked are safe. ' The Centurion' read the advertisement convening the meeting. returning, Read letter from Colonel the Hon. W. J. Each soul is rejoicing to steer for the shore: COLVILLE, of the 18th November, stating that But what mean these words, and strange looks H.R.H. the DCKE OF EDINBURGH would have bent with yearning ? much pleasure to become, in his official capacity The spot they are leaving all eyes seek once of Admiral Superintendent of Naval Reserves, a more. Member of the Committee of Management of the Institution. In soft southern accents, with gestures beseeching, It was resolved unanimously— A fond prayer is breathed, thrilling hearts warm That H.R.H. the DUKE of EDINBURGH, Admiral and kind, Superintendent of Naval Reserves, be elected a For a boy on the wreck, his clasped hands out- Member of the Committee of Management of the reaching ; ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. Till now fast asleep! Can they leave him A cordial vote of thanks to the Chairman closed behind? the proceedings. No! risking all lives, yet again, slowly nearing The ship, that is vanishing down in the sand, The danger is braved, 'mid an outburst of cheering; CIVIL SERVICE LIFE-BOAT FUND.—The annual The sailor-lad saved: and hurrah! for the land. meeting of the Committee of this Fund was held on the 9th January at the General Post-office, and Thus the Life-boat came home, with her laurel- was presided over by Mr. W. H. HAINES, of the wreath won; House of Lords. The report for the past year was And a true tale is told, of a gallant deed done. lead by the Hon. Secretary, Mr. CHARLES DIBDIN, AUGUSTA A, L. MAGRA. F.R.G.S., of the General Post-office, and showed that, notwithstanding the numerous reorganisa- tions which had lately taken place in the Civil Service, the number of subscribers had increased from 3,787 to 3,842, and that, in addition to the NOTICE. • usual annual subscription of 150Z. paid by the Fund to the Royal National Institution for the mainte- The next number of the 'Life-loot Journal' nance of the three boats, Civil Service JVb. 1, will be published on the 1st May next. Charles DiMin, and Civil Service JVb. 3, the sum of 1,0001. had been handed to that Society Vol. X., price 18«., of the 'I/ife-boat Journal' is for the endowment of the Boat, Civil Service No. 1. now ready, and can be had at the Institution, The Life-boats of the Fund have up to the present or by oj$et of any bookseller. The Title-page time attended 23 wrecks, and saved 127 lives and and Index of that Volume can also be obtained 3 vessels. separately. BOYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, SUPPORTED 8OUO.Y BY VOLDKTAltY OONTXIBDTIOSB.

. . JrtBiitnl—His GBACK THE DOKS OF NOBTHDMBKBLAKD, Lord Privy Seal. (Jjrairman—THOMAS CHAPMAK, ESQ., F.B.S., V.p. .Sftrtiarjl—RKTHABD LEWIS, of the Inner Temple, Esq., Barrister-at-Law. Services of the Life-boats of the Institution in 1879. Adroit, schooner, of Aberystwith 2 Gilded Age, yacht, assisted to save Ocean Queen, schooner, of Ply- Albioit, schooner, of Wells—as* vessel and 3 mouth—assisted to save vessel slated to save vessel and 3 Ouiieppina, N., barque, of Genoa 17 and 7 Alert, schooner, of Scarborough— nalhwell, schooner, of Bridgwater Onward, barque, of London, as- assisted to save vessel and .... 2 —saved vessel. sisted to save vessel and 16 Allison, brig, of Wbitby 4 B.B.BrigUman, s.s.—remained Oiprey, barque, of Arendal—as- Alvheus Marshall, barque, of by vessel. sisted to save vessel and 16 Digby. N.S 14 Hebe, ship, of Frederickstadt .... 14 Pasithea, barque, of Liverpool .. 2.1 Ann Wilmot, smack, of Lowestolt 5 Hermann; schooner, of Berwick— Pmthieu, brig, of Vannea 5 Arm, schooner, of Colchester .... 6 saved vessel and crew 6 Queen of Britain, brig, of Car- Annie, barquentine, of Salcombe. 2 Hesperus, sloop, of Copenhagen— narvon 6 Apollo, schooner, of Bandbolm... 5 rendered assistance. Reliance, coble, of Coifercoats— Arabian, s.*., of Liverpool—re- Hester, smack, of Ipswich—saved rendered assistance. mained by vessel. vessel and 3 Btchard WiUstm. ketch, of London 7 Baroi, s.s., of Newcastle 6 Jane and Ann, schooner, of Rival, brig, of Blyth 8 Bertha, schooner, of Stettin, saved Llanaelnalarn 3 Sarah Ann, barque, of Sunderland 10 vessel and 4 J. H. Lorentxen, s.s.. of London .17 Sarah Ann Dickimon, schooner, Blytti fishing boat—saved boat John, brig, of Hartlepool—re- ofFleetwood $ and 6 mained by vessel. Smtscraig, brig, of Dundee— Blyth fishing boats—rendered as- Lady iii/ord, brig, of Ardrossan 6 saved vessel and 9 sistance. Lady Land, schooner, of Glasgow 6 Sons of the Wear, coble, of Sun- Brest, steamer, of Glasgow 40 Lavinia, brig, of Guernsey—as- derland 4 Chevereut, barque, of Havre 13 sisted to save vessel and 8 Sunshine, schooner, of Wick 11 Ckrutiania, Norwegian barque.. 12 I*ed&, ship, of Bremen 19 True, brigantine, of Faversham.. 7 Cito, brig, of Arendal 7 Levrette, brigantine, of St. Halo- Union T,, schooner 7 Cleopas, barque, of South Shields 10 assisted to save vessel. Violet, smack, of Great Yarmouth Darlington, s.s., of Stockton .... 9 Liberator, lugger, of Wexford ... 1 —assisted to save vessel and .. 6 Dittmomten, brig, of Arendal .... 4 Lina, barque, of Tonsberg...... 9 Wearer, schooner, of Carnarvon Dolphin, lugger, of Wexford .... 5 Lough Sunart, ship, of Glasgow . 55 —remained by vessel. Edith, Owen, steamer, of London. s Margaret, brig, of West Hartlepool Wellington, schooner, of Carnar- Effort, ketch, of Portsmouth 2 —rendered assistance. von—assisted to save vessel and 3 Elizabeth Ellen Fisher, schooner, Marie, Russian barque—assisted Whitby fishing-boats—rendered of Fleetwocd 4 to save vessel and crew ...... 12 assistance. Ellen, schooner, of Beaumaris... 3 Marie, schooner, of Rostock—as- Wittiem, dandy, of London 12 Elsmore, schooner, of Runcorn .. 3 sisted to save vessel. Wisdom, cutter, of Shoreham— Esmeralda, smack, of Grimsby, Martaban, ship, of Greenock.... 11 saved vessel and crew 6 saved vessel and 5 Marian, smack 2 T. J)eryon, cutter, of Carmarthen Excelsior, smack, of Grimsby.... 5 Mary Lloyd, schooner, of Port- —remained by vessel. Fanny Saiky, schooner, of Dnn- madoc—rendered assistance. Zephyrus, barque, of Plymouth.. 14 dalk 8 Mary Roberts, schooner, of Nefyn 5 Zurich, barque, of North Shields 16 Fishing cobles of Staithes—ren- Matin, 8.S., of Dundee, remained dered assistance. by vessel. Total lives saved by Life-boats, in Fishing boats and other vessels in llenai Packet, smack, of Carnar- 1879, in addition to Twenty-one distress at Montrose—rendered von 3 637 assistance. Messenger, brigantine, of Exeter . 3 During the same period the Insti- Fishing boats off Scarborough— Mia Madre E^ barque, of Genoa . 21 tution granted rewards for saving ' rendered assistance. Moidart, s.s., of Glasgow, re- Fraternity, brigantiue, of Krage- mained by vessel. lives by fishing and other boats 213 roe, assisted to save vessel Newbiggin fishing-cobles—ren- and 6 dered assistance. General Caulfield, barque, of Kooit Polmakt, Dutch fishing Newcastle 18 smack—rendered assistance. Tas COMMITTEK OF MANAGEMENT have to state that during the year 1879, the ROTAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITCTTIO-",- expended £29,764 on its 269 Life-boat Establishments on the coasts of England, Scotland, and Ireland, in addition to having contributed to the saving of 855 persons from various shipwrecks on our coasts, for which services.it granted 12 Silver Medals and 13 Totes of Thanks on Vellum, besides pecuniary rewards to the amount of £2,250. The number of lives saved either by the Life-boats of the Society or by special exertions for which it has granted rewards, since its formation, is 26,906; for which services 92 Gold Medals, 901 Silver Medals, and £59,166 in cash have been granted as rewards. The Committee desire to acknowledge, with gratitude, the liberal support which they have received from the British public during the past few years, a support which has enabled them to establish their present great Life- saving fleet of 269 boats on the shores of the United Kingdom. Deeply sensible, however, of the great responsi- bility that rests on them to maintain the Life-boats in a thoroughly efficient state, and their crews practised in the management of the boats, which can only be effected by a large and permanent annual income, they earnestly appeal to all classes of their countrymen to continue to aid them in upholding and perpetuating so great and truly national a work. The expense of a Life-boat, its equipment, transporting-esrriage, and Boat-house, averages £900, in addition to £70 a year needed to keep the Establishment in a state of efficiency. Donations and Annual Subscriptions will be thankfully received by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. CODTTS ADD Co., 59 Strand; Messrs. HERMES,. FAKQCHAK, AND Co., 16 St. James's Street; Messrs. HOAEE, 37 Fleet Street, London; by all the other Bankers in the United Kingdom ; by all the Life-boat Branches; and by the Secretary, at the Institution, 14 JOHN STISEET, ADELI'HI, London, W.C.—feoruary, 1880.