Vol. 11 No. 3 July 2015

— Policy research to shape the international development agenda

Launch of South Asia Development and Cooperation Report 2015

Mr. Suresh Prabhakar Prabhu, Hon'ble Minister of Railways, Government of releasing the 'South Asia Development and Cooperation Report 2015'. Also seen in the picture (from left to right) are Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, Director General, RIS; Mr. A. M. Gondane, Joint Secretary (SAARC), Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India; Ambassador Shyam Saran, Chairman, RIS; Prof. Deepak Nayyar, Emeritus Professor of Economics, JNU, New Delhi and Co-chair, South Asia Centre for Policy Studies (SACEPS); H.E. Mr. Shaida Mohammad Abdali, Ambassador of Islamic Republic of Afghanistan to India; and Prof. Ram Upendra Das, RIS.

RIS launched its flagship publication RIS extended the Vote of Thanks. The Report offers concrete the ‘South Asia Development and The event also had sessions on policy recommendations in several Cooperation Report 2015’ (SADCR) ‘Economic Cooperation for Economic crucial areas including trade in in New Delhi on 25 June 2015. Mr. Development in South Asia’ and goods, trade in services, investment, Suresh Prabhakar Prabhu, Hon’ble ‘New Challenges before SAARC’. trade facilitation, connectivity, food Minister of Railways, Government H.E. Amb. Lyonpo Dago security, energy security, climate of India released the Report. Prof. Tshering, Former Ambassador change, science and technology, Sachin Chaturvedi, Director General, of Bhutan to India chaired the development cooperation and social RIS delivered the Welcome Address. Valedictory Session. Dr. Kavita A. infrastructure. Ambassador Shyam Saran, Chairman, Sharma, President, South Asian The dominant narrative RIS chaired the inaugural session. University, New Delhi and Amb. regarding South Asia is that it is Prof. Deepak Nayyar, Emeritus Jayant Prasad were the panellists. a non-performing region in the Professor of Economics, JNU, New Mr. Arvind Mehta, Joint Secretary world and that trade integration Delhi and Co-chair, South Asia (SAARC), Ministry of Commerce in the region is low and slow. Centre for Policy Studies (SACEPS); and Industry, Government of The SADCR 2015 states that this Mr. A. M. Gondane, Joint Secretary India delivered the Valedictory is a statistical folly. The Report (SAARC), Ministry of External Address. Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, emphasises that far from being Affairs, Government of India; and Director General, RIS extended a non-performing region, South H.E. Mr. Shaida Mohammad Abdali, the Vote of Thanks. The Asia is today the fastest growing Ambassador of Islamic Republic event was attended by senior region in the world, led by India. of Afghanistan to India, also made diplomats, government officials, This is a considerable achievement special remarks at the inaugural policymakers, academicians, industry as this region was, like other regions, session. Prof. Ram Upendra Das, representatives and the media. Continued on page 6...

RIS Diary July 2015 1 Policy Dialogues Seminar on India-Central Asia Economic Cooperation RIS, jointly with the Institute of Social Sciences, New Delhi and the Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India organised a Seminar on ‘Towards India-Central Asia Economic Cooperation’ on 11-12 June 2015 in New Delhi. Ambassador Shyam Saran, Chairman, RIS, chaired the Inaugural Session. Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, Director General, RIS made the Welcome Remarks. Dr. Ash Narain Roy, Director, Institute of Social Sciences, made the Special Remarks. Shri Navtej Singh Sarna, Secretary (West), Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, Director General, RIS making welcome remarks. Also seen in the picture delivered the Keynote Address. H.E. (from left to right) are Mr. Shambhu S. Kumaran, Joint Secretary (ERS), Ministry of External Affairs, Mr. Mirzosharif Asomuddinvich Government of India; Shri Navtej Singh Sarna, Secretary (West), Ministry of External Affairs, Jalolov, Ambassador of Tajikistan Government of India; Ambassador Shyam Saran, Chairman, RIS; and Dr. Ash Narain Roy, Director, to India; Mr. Evgeny Kablukov, Institute of Social Sciences, New Delhi. Minister Counsellor, Kyrgyz Chenoy, Centre for Russian and Entrepreneurial Partnerships and Republic; Mr. Sardar Shihiyev, First Central Asian Studies, School of Agenda for Economic Development’. Secretary, Counsellor, Turkmenistan; International Studies, Jawaharlal Prof. Sanjay Pal, Entrepreneurship and Mr. Gayrat Tairov, Trade and Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi; Development Institute of India, Economic Counsellor, Uzbekistan Prof. Ram Upendra Das, RIS; Dr. Ahmedabad; Dr. Suchandana also addressed the Inaugural Session. Laura Yerekesheva, Deputy Director, Chatterjee, Fellow, Maulana Abul Ambassador Ashok Sajjanhar, R.D. Suleimonov Institute of Oriental Kalam Azad Institute of Asian Secretary, National Foundation for Studies, Almaty, Kazakhstan; and Studies (MAKAIAS), Kolkata; Dr. Communal Harmony (NFCH) and Prof. Arun Mohanty, Professor, Manjeet Kaur, Additional Director, former Ambassador to Kazakhstan Centre for Russian and Central Asian ASSOCHAM, New Delhi; Ms. chaired the first session on ‘Trade Studies, School of International Bobojonova Farangis Sobirovna, and Investment Linkages’. Prof. Studies, JNU, New Delhi were the Expert of Academy of Science S. K. Mohanty, RIS; Ms. Maya panellists. of Tajikistan; and Dr. Borjakov A. Sooronbaeva, Adviser, Public The third session deliberated on Maksat, Head Specialist, Institute Association International Issik-Kul ‘Innovation and Technology Transfer on Research Commodity Circulation Forum under the name of Chingiz collaboration Opportunities’. Dr. of Turkmenistan’s National Goods, Aitmatov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; and Laura Yerekesheva, Deputy Director, Turkmenistan were the panellists. Mr. Ikromov Jovid Zafarovich, Senior R.D. Suleimonov Institute of Oriental India and the Central Asian Expert of Strategic Research Centre Studies and Dr. Ash Narain Roy, region share a long history. The under the President of Tajikistan Director, Institute of Social Sciences closest trade and cultural links were the panellists. co-chaired the session. Mr. Esenkul between India and Central Asia Mr. Shambhu S. Kumaran, Momunkulov, Consultant, Serep can be traced to the Indus Valley Joint Secretary (ERS), Ministry of Research Institute, Kyrgyzstan; Prof. civilisation. India’s close and friendly External Affairs, Government of Sachin Chaturvedi, Director General, relations with the erstwhile Soviet India chaired the second session on RIS; and Mr. Abhishek Sahay, Senior Union enabled continuity of India’s ‘Role of Regional and Multilateral Assistant Director, FICCI, New Delhi diplomatic relations with the Central Frameworks’. Prof. Ash Narain Roy, were the panellists. Asian countries. As is well known, Director, Institute of Social Sciences, Dr. Saparbayev Batyr, Head the Central Asian economies are New Delhi; Dr. Benu Schneider, Specialist, Ministry of Trade and rich in natural, mineral and human Senior Economic Affairs Officer, Foreign Economic Relations, resources but quite diverse in terms Financing for Development Office Turkmenistan chaired the fourth of their stages of development. This (FfD), New York; Dr. Anuradha session on ‘Development of is most evident in terms of their levels

2 RIS Diary July 2015 Policy Dialogues Seminar on India-Central Asia Economic Cooperation

multilateral trade regulatory frameworks, including Shanghai Economic Cooperation, Eurasian Economic Union and others that form common platforms for India’s engagement with Central Asia. The countries of the region have already commenced the process of radically departing from the Soviet-style model of command economy and embarking on the road towards the development of the private sector. In their quest for igniting the spirit of private Prof. S.K. Mohanty, RIS speaking at the seminar. Also seen in the picture (from left to right) are Mr. Ikromov Jovid Zafarovich, Senior Expert of Strategic Research Centre under the President of enterprise to lay the foundations Tajikistan and Ambassador Ashok Sajjanhar, Secretary, National Foundation for Communal Harmony of private sector, the countries of (NFCH) and Former Ambassador to Kazakhstan. the region look towards India with an extremely high degree of hope of GDP with Kazakhstan’s GDP being linkages with the countries of and optimism because of its close US$ 231.88 billion and Kyrgyzstan’s this oil and mineral rich region. and friendly relations with these GDP being US$ 7.23 billion. While Therefore, there is an urgent need countries. India can utilise this Tajikistan’s GDP is also very low, the for commensurate efforts towards valuable window of opportunity other two countries, viz. Uzbekistan enhancing trade and investment to further deepen its presence and Turkmenistan, have their GDPs ties with the region. in the region by way of sharing in the medium range. The varying India’s efforts towards the technical know-how for the levels of development among Central exploring trade and investment development of small and medium Asian economies are an aspect which opportunities and possibilities enterprises. stands out quite clearly. However, of expanding manufacturing Critically linked to the in terms of GDP growth rates except value chain may be better served development of industrial for Kyrgyzstan the other Central through a two pronged approach. production base is the availability Asia Region countries have recorded First, by promoting bilateral and of technology and indigenous impressive and high growth rates in regional trade with the region capacity of technological value recent years. and second, by expanding India’s addition. While the region Central Asia has gained role and relevance in regional/ considerable significance in India’s foreign policy over the past decade due to its growing strategic importance based on factors such as India’s escalating energy requirements, Central Asia’s proximity to Afghanistan, and growing Chinese presence in the region. The ongoing instability in Afghanistan and its impact on regional security after the withdrawal of international troops is also a source of concern for India. As the global spotlight is now rapidly shifting towards Asia, India has to pay closer attention to the Central Asian Republics for their Ambassador Rajiv Sikri, Former Secretary, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India speaking at the seminar. Also seen in the picture (from left to right) are Prof. Ram Upendra Das, geo-strategic importance. Therefore, RIS and Dr. Ash Narain Roy, Director, Institute of Social Sciences, New Delhi. it would be in India’s interest to deepen its trade and economic Continued on page 10...

RIS Diary July 2015 3 Policy Dialogues Release of Report on APEC and India

ASEAN-India Centre at RIS, jointly with Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI), organised the launch function for the Report ‘APEC and India: An Appraisal’ authored by Ambassador V. S. Seshadri, Vice Chairman, RIS on 21 May 2015 in New Delhi. Ambassador Anil Wadhwa, Secretary (East), Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India released the Report and made Keynote Remarks. He appreciated the Report and said, ‘The report is timely, as the Indian Lion, the brand image of our flagship economic diplomacy initiative, ‘Make in India’, is taking purposeful strides across global economic hotspots, Ambassador Anil Wadhwa, Secretary (East), Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India where it has been a roaring success!’ releasing the Report. Also seen in the picture (from left to right) are Mr. Sidharth Birla, Immediate Past President, FICCI and Chairman, XPRO India Limited; Ambassador Shyam Saran, Chairman, Mr. Sidharth Birla, Immediate RIS; and Ambassador V. S. Seshadri, Vice-Chairman, RIS. Past President, FICCI & Chairman, ASEAN-India Centre at RIS extended XPRO India Limited made the assist in familiarisation with newer the Vote of Thanks. Welcome Remarks. Ambassador issues and best practices developing Shyam Saran, Chairman, RIS made The Report looks into prospects in a host of areas; offer networking Special Remarks. Ambassador V. S. of India joining APEC. It highlights opportunities at official, expert, business and think tank levels; and Seshadri made a presentation about that it would be desirable for India strategically enable India to have the Report which was followed to join APEC as it would provide wider options on emerging global by open discussion. Dr. Prabir De, an impetus for domestic trade and trade governance. Professor, RIS and Coordinator investment facilitation initiatives;

Panel Discussion on India 2050: A Roadmap to Sustainable Prosperity

RIS organised a Panel Discussion on ‘India 2050: A Roadmap to Sustainable Prosperity’ in New Delhi on 29 May 2015. Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, Director General, RIS made the Welcome Remarks. Ambassador Shyam Saran, Chairman, RIS made the Introductory Remarks. Dr. Ramgopal Agarwala, Chairman, Pahle India Foundation, New Delhi made a presentation on his book ‘India 2050: A Roadmap to Sustainable Prosperity’, which was followed by a panel discussion. The Dr. Ramgopal Agarwala, Chairman, Pahle India Foundation, New Delhi making the presentation panellists included: Prof. Muchkund about the book. Also seen in the picture (from left to right) are Prof. B.B. Bhattacharya, former Vice Chancellor, JNU; Amb. Shyam Saran, Chairman, RIS; Prof. Muchkund Dubey, President, CSD; and Dubey, President, Council for Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, Director General, RIS. Social Development (CSD); Prof. B.B. Bhattacharya, former Vice Singhal, Assistant Secretary General, and Dr. Saikat Sinha Roy, Associate Chancellor, JNU; Mr. Manish Federation of Indian Chambers of Professor, Department of Economics, Commerce and Industry (FICCI); Jadavpur University, Kolkata.

4 RIS Diary July 2015 Policy Dialogues

Third Asia-Pacific NIS Forum on Diagnosis of NIS and Development of STI Strategies in the Open Innovation Framework

RIS collaborated with Asian and international STI strategies, their national innovation systems. and Pacific Centre for Transfer (c) Emerging concept and business The objective of the Forum is to foster of Technology (APCTT) of the models of open technology discussion and exchange experiences United Nations Economic and innovation, (d) Diagnosis of NIS among national institutions who Social Commission for Asia and the and development of STI strategies study national STI policies, diagnose Pacific (ESCAP), New Delhi, India in the Asia Pacific (e) Challenges innovation systems (national, and National Science Technology and opportunities in diagnosis subregional, sectoral) and advise and Innovation Policy Office (STI), and strategy development and (f) on STI strategies in the context of Ministry of Science and Technology, Development cooperation in support national development goals thus Thailand for organising the Third of NIS diagnosis and development of supporting the policymakers to make Asia-Pacific NIS Forum on ‘Diagnosis STI strategy. evidence-based policy decisions. of NIS and Development of STI Experts from key national The Forum provides a platform Strategies in the Open Innovation institutions studying STI policies and for experts to deliberate on the Framework’ in Bangkok, Thailand diagnosing innovation systems in emerging concept of open innovation on 8-9 April 2015. In the opening Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, as an important element of STI session, Dr. Somchai Chatratana, Islamic Republic of Iran, Myanmar, strategy as well as South-South Associate Professor, National Science Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, and regional cooperation. These Technology and Innovation Policy Republic of Korea, Sri Lanka, deliberations are aimed to identify Office (STI), Ministry of Science and Thailand and Vietnam along with best practices and methodologies of Technology (MOST), Royal Thai resource persons from national and NIS diagnosis in the participating Government delivered the Welcome international institutions participated countries. The open innovation Address. Mr. Michael Williamson, in the Forum and shared best approach as a national STI strategy Head, Asian and Pacific Centre of practices and their experiences on would strengthen NIS and it could the Economic and Social Commission the selected topics of the Forum.The be deployed to forge regional for Asia and the Pacific (APCTT- forum was organised for key national cooperation for co-development of ESCAP) and Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, institutions studying and analysing technologies for mutual benefit. Director General, RIS made remarks. Dr. Pichet Durongkaveroj, Minister of Science and Technology, Government of Thailand delivered the Keynote Address. Mr. N. Srinivasan, Coordinator, Science, Technology and Innovation, APCTT- ESCAP gave a background of the Forum and extended the Vote of Thanks. From RIS, Dr. Ravi Srinivas, Consultant, also participated in the Forum and made a presentation on ‘Open Innovation Framework as an STI Strategy’. The programme had country presentations and panel discussions on topics including (a) International and emerging NIS diagnostic Participants of the Third-Asia Pacific Forum. approaches, (b) Elements of national

RIS Diary July 2015 5 Policy Dialogues Interactive Session on South-South Cooperation Discussion Meeting on Strategy of UNDP India-Africa Economic Arrangements RIS organised an interactive session on ‘South-South Cooperation Strategy RIS organised a Discussion Syed Akbaruddin, Joint Secretary of UNDP’ with Ms. Xiaojun Grace Meeting on India-Africa and Chief Coordinator (IAFS), Wag, South-South and Triangular Economic Arrangements (IAEA) Ministry of External Affairs, Cooperation, Bureau for Policy and in New Delhi on 12 June 2015. Government of India; Mr. Amit Programme Support (BPPS), United Ambassador Shyam Saran, Shukla, Under Secretary, Ministry Nations Development Programme Chairman, RIS chaired the of External Affairs, Government (UNDP), New York in New Delhi meeting. Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, of India; Mr. Rohit Mishra, Under on 14 April 2015. Ms. Nan Collins, Director General, RIS made initial Secretary, Ministry of External SSC Specialist, UNDP Regional Hub remarks. The main speakers Affairs, Government of India; and at Bangkok, and Ms. Momin Jaan, in the meeting included: Mr. Prof. S.K. Mohanty, RIS. Programme Officer, UNDP India Country Office also joined RIS faculty in the discussions. RIS Breakfast Seminar Series RIS Breakfast Seminar Series is a The following seminars were organised 2015. Prof. S.K. Mohanty, RIS process meant to provide a platform under this series: chaired this seminar. to younger faculty members • ‘Developments in Trade Theory • ‘An Introduction to and early career researchers to and Practice’ by Prof. Ram CGE Modelling and its disseminate their research findings, Upendra Das, RIS on 7 April 2015. Application’ by Mr. Sunando discuss ongoing work and receive Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, Director Basu, Research Associate, comments/feedback from experts General, RIS chaired this seminar. RIS on 2 June 2015. Prof. S.K. and peers. • ‘India’s Development Cooperation Mohanty, RIS chaired this Eminent scholars are also with Ethiopia in Sugar Production: seminar. invited to this series to speak on An Assessment’ by Mr. Sushil subjects of academic and policy Kumar, Consultant, RIS on 5 May relevance.

Continued from Page 1... adversely impacted by the global financial meltdown in 2008-09. Size of SAARC in terms of real gross domestic product (GDP) is larger than regional groupings like the ASEAN, Mercosur, SACU, SADC, COMESA, GCC and CARICOM. According to the Report, the current growth momentum needs to be sustained and one of the ways to achieve this is through regional trade-augmentation. The Report also dispels misperceptions that trade integration Dr. Nagesh Kumar, Head, South and South-West Asia Office, UNESCAP, New Delhi making remarks in in South Asia is low and slow. The the session on 'Cooperation for Economic Development in South Asia'. Also seen in the picture (from South Asian region under the aegis left to right) are Prof. K.J. Joseph, Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvananthapuram; Professor Muchkund Dubey, President, Council for Social Development, New Delhi; Dr. Sagar Prasai, Country of SAARC has moved much faster in Representative, The Asia Foundation; Dr. S. P. Sharma, Chief Economist-Director, PHD Chamber of this regard. Trade within the region Commerce & Industry; and Prof. S.K. Mohanty, RIS. has hovered around 5-6 per cent as a proportion of trade with the rest former has been expanding at the ratio of the two constant at 5-6 per of the world. The fact is that the same pace as the latter, keeping the cent. In fact, the success of SAFTA

6 RIS Diary July 2015 Policy Dialogues lies in the fact that the intra-SAARC trade has doubled since the region implemented the SAFTA Treaty. The intra-regional exports have increased from US$ 10 billion in 2006 to about US$ 22 billion in 2013. Recent estimates suggest that the formal trade in South Asia can grow to the range of US$ 44 billion and US$ 66 billion by 2018 if there are full tariff liberalisation, trade facilitation and productivity improvements by Mr. Arvind Mehta, Joint Secretary (SAARC), Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government member countries. According to of India delivering the Valedictory Address. Also seen in the picture (from left to right) are the Report, there is enormous trade Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, Director General, RIS; Dr. Kavita A. Sharma, President, South potential that remains to be tapped Asian University, New Delhi; H.E. Amb. Lyonpo Dago Tshering, former Ambassador of Bhutan to India and Amb. Jayant Prasad, former Ambassador of India to Nepal. to the tune of US$ 80 billion by 2018 if adequate measures on sensitive lists, relevant NTBs and completion India wants to Grow and Prosper with of trade in services negotiations are Neighbours: Prabhu ensured. Launching the South Asia Development and Cooperation Report 2015, Mr. South Asia may be highly Suresh Prabhu, Hon’ble Minister of Railways, Government of India dependent on aid inflows. But this lauded RIS by characterising the Report as ‘path-breaking’ and ‘trend- narrative is changing. Besides India, setting’. He said, “The South Asian region could cooperate in the fields development partnerships have of agriculture, water conservation and climate change besides trade and been initiated by Pakistan and Sri tourism to make the region more prosperous and inter-connected”. He Lanka for strengthening South-South underlined that the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Cooperation. The Report underscores (SAARC) region despite being home to nearly one-fourth of the world’s population lacks the clout it should rightfully have. the urgent need for launching a SAARC Development Forum to The Hon’ble Minister further said that South Asia being predominantly discuss development issues within the agriculture-driven, the countries should focus on cooperation in this sector, especially on new seeds, less water-consuming crops and heat- region. It also forcefully underscores resistant crops. how S&T cooperation can be utilised for addressing emerging challenges Besides, the countries could also cooperate in water conservation of energy security and climate change and use, the overarching issue of climate change, flood control, energy and tourism. while facilitating the transition to low carbon growth. There is also a need He pointed out that while the ASEAN region, which shares some of for the development of a SAARC the rivers, has prospered, the South Asian region has not done so due to Satellite, as proposed by the Prime infighting. It is time to cooperate by leaving the challenges out and see the possibilities of benefits. Then, automatically they would realise that Minister of India for providing real- the challenges no longer exist. time scientific data for preventing natural disasters, among other things. Shri Prabhu also said that the region must focus on enhancing trade, which would in turn boost the GDP growth and improve the human The Report has focused on the development index of the region. theme ‘Economic Integration for He said that India wants to be “extremely friendly towards neighbours Peace-Creating Prosperity’, which and wants them to be equally friendly towards it”. He emphasised, “We is in line with the theme of the 18th want to grow together and prosper together”. SAARC Summit in Kathmandu The development should be people-centric. As regards to India, (2014). The Report stresses on we have a responsibility and we always feel we must take care of our achieving prosperity in the region neighbours in a way that we will take care of our brothers and sisters. through economic integration, which We consider this as a responsibility given to us by history and also an in turn could be ‘peace-creating’ obligation that we have taken upon ourselves and which we feel we and calls for a paradigm shift in should do to promote goodwill among the countries and in the region. cooperative endeavours.

RIS Diary July 2015 7 Policy Dialogues Two Workshops on Trade Policy and Analysis

RIS supports Myanmar in Building Capacity through its capacity Building programme on Trade Policy and Analysis by organising workshops on a regular basis. Under this, RIS, jointly with the Centre for Economy, Environment, and Society (CESS), Myanmar, organised the fourth workshop at RIS from 9-13 June 2015 in New Delhi. This programme was supported by IPE Global, UK Aid-Department for International Development (DFID), Knowledge Partnership Programme and Myanmar Ministry of Commerce. Participants of the Third Workshop on Trade Policy and Analysis with Faculty Members. Prof. Prabir De, Coordinator, ASEAN-India Centre at various themes including Trade Global and Regional Initiatives in RIS welcomed and made and Development: Theory and Trade Facilitation, Indian Customs, an Introduction about the Policy, Trade and Investment India-Myanmar Relations, and Programme. Dr. Geethanjali Linkages: International and National and Regional Connectivity. Nataraj, KPP IPE Global, New Regional Dimensions, Trade The participants were also Delhi made the Special Remarks. Policy, Preference Utilisation introduced to Trade Databases and Prof. S. K. Mohanty, RIS made and LDCs, Dealing Non-Tariff Analytics. the Opening Address. Mr. San Measures, Food Safety and There were also special lectures Oo Maung Minister Counsellor, Standards: Indian Experiences, on ‘Transforming Connectivity Embassy of the Republic of the Overview of Bureau of Indian Corridors between India and Union of Myanmar delivered Standards: Perspective on Bilateral Myanmar into Development the Inaugural Address on behalf Cooperation, Trade Negotiations: Corridors’ by Amb. V. S. Seshadri, of by H.E. Mr. Aung Khin Soe, Multilateral and Regional Vice-Chairman, RIS and ‘Building Ambassador of the Republic of the Perspective, Trade Facilitation: a Stronger Global Trading System’ Union of Myanmar in India. Building Infrastructure at Border, by Amb. Jayant Dasgupta, Former The programme covered Continued on Page 15...

Participants of the Fourth Workshop on Trade Policy and Analysis with Faculty Members.

8 RIS Diary July 2015 : A Great Mind with Extra-ordinary Courage

The world of economics suffered a great loss with the demise of Prof. Ajit Singh on 23 June 2015. We at RIS were deeply grieved to receive the sad news of passing away of a real proponent of the cause of developing countries. RIS was honoured to have the intellectual presence and guidance of Prof. Ajit Singh in various forms including the recent one when he gave a seminar on ‘Climate Change and the Premises for a New Society’ on 15 November 2014 which proved to be his last one at RIS. His visit to RIS and his interactions with the faculty were a source of inspiration and stimulation. Prof. Ajit Singh, who was Emeritus Professor at the Cambridge University and Dr. Chair Professor at the Punjab University, made fundamental academic contributions in the areas of modern business enterprise, de-industrialisation in advanced and emerging economies and globalisation of financial and product markets. He was a pioneer in the analysis of take-overs and the structure of the modern business enterprise. He also devised the first operational definition of de-industrialisation in advanced economies and was a leading voice in the debate over the dynamics of industrialisation and financial markets in the developing world. Prof. Singh’s work on corporate behaviour resulted in two major publications, Growth Profitability and Valuation (1968, co-authored with Geoffrey Whittington) and Takeovers: Their Relevance to the Stock Market and the Theory of the Firm (1972). In these two books, he tested the work of the Cambridge economist Robin Marris, who developed upon the research of Adolf Berle and Gardiner Meanson corporate structure in the 1930s, by arguing that the role of disciplining corporate managers and aligning their decision-making with the welfare of shareholders would be played by the stock market alone. In other words, the market will ensure efficiency by selecting the fittest companies for survival. Prof.Singh demonstrated conclusively that these rosy conclusions were false. By a careful empirical study of takeovers, he revealed that it is not possible to distinguish between the characteristics of acquired and non-acquired firms, moreover there is a tendency to take over smaller firms. Takeovers also lead to substantial loss of wealth for shareholders. Later, Prof. Singh’s interest in industrial structure and performance took a more macro-economic focus in the debate, stimulated initially by another Cambridge economist, Nicholas Kaldor, over the de-industrialisation of Britain. De-industrialisation had been defined as simply a declining share of manufacturing in GDP. But this is a characteristic of most advanced economies today. The concept was first given the analytical precision in Singh’s path-breaking article in 1997. In this, he defined an efficient manufacturing sector as “one which (currently as well as potentially) … sells enough of its products abroad to pay for the nation’s import requirements … at socially acceptable levels of output, employment and the exchange rate”. Prof. Singh’s analysis of the interaction across financial development, industrialisation and international competitiveness covered his subsequent research spanning a wide range of topics including the role of the state, industrial policy, structural change, competition policy, foreign aid, agriculture, basic needs, urbanisation, employment and income distribution. He considered the role of manufacturing as central to economic development and poverty reduction. He was a prolific writer having contributed in over 250 publications; out of which there are more than a hundred refereed journal articles, an almost equal number of book chapters, 15 books and monographs and three edited volumes. Despite being struck by Parkinson’s disease in 1982, when he was just 42, Prof. Ajit Singh kept on growing in professional stature. In fact, he saw opportunity in adversity. No longer able to sleep for long hours, he chose instead to think, write and publish with a frequency much higher than before 1982. He was a Soldier not like many others from his beloved Punjab but a Soldier in real life. While we feel sad about his absence, Prof. Ajit Singh shall live on through a vast body of profound literature which he contributed to. All members of RIS faculty join together in paying homage to him.

RIS Diary July 2015 9 Policy Dialogues

Australia and India: Towards a Peaceful and Prosperous Asian Economic Order Two well-reputed Australian University of Sydney visited RIS on chaired the session. Prof. Ram public policy Commentators: 26 May 2015 to have a Roundtable Upendra Das, RIS spoke on Mr. Rowan Callick, Asia- discussion on ‘Australia and India: the issues related to important Pacific Editor of the Australian Towards a Peaceful and Prosperous elements of the Australia- Newspaper and Mr. Tom Switzer, Asian Economic Order’. From RIS, India economic relations were Lecturer, Politics and International Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi, Director discussed. Relations and Research Associate, General made the initial remarks United States Studies Centre, and provided his insights. He also

Continued from Page 3... regulatory frameworks, including Indian start-ups, which have recently Shanghai Economic Cooperation, come up with a wide range of low- suffers from insufficient firm-level Eurasian Economic Union and others; cost innovative technologies for the capabilities to support the creation entrepreneurial partnership and development of consumer goods of technological alliances and agenda for economic development; and services and they are looking acquisition of new technologies, and innovation and technology for interested partners in the region. India’s role in strengthening national transfer collaborations. innovation systems and firm level The concluding session of the Among other things, the seminar capacities through technology seminar was addressed by Prof. explored the possibility of developing transfer collaborations may be highly Sachin Chaturvedi, Director General, a digital platform carrying statistical relevant and timely. RIS, and Ambassador Rajiv Sikri, data and other information on Central Former Secretary, Ministry of The seminar was an initiative Asian countries, which would, inter External Affairs, Governemnt of towards rejuvenating India’s interest alia, highlight the specific areas and India, who delivered the Valedictory in the area and to make a fair and up- their potential to further strengthen Address. Mr. Ash Narain Roy, to-date assessment of the prospective India’s trade and economic relations Director, Institute of Social Sciences areas of mutually beneficial trade with the region. It would immensely extended the Vote of Thanks. and economic cooperation with the help India’s trade and industry Research scholars, business Central Asian countries. organisations to develop a sound and industry leaders, academicians, understanding of the benefits of It focused on key themes that diplomats, senior government engagement with these countries as best capture India’s opportunities officials and other prominent it is extremely difficult to get relevant in engaging with Central Asia. thinkers with specialised knowledge statistical information in this regard Under the broad themes, the seminar of the region participated in the which is an imperative for deeper covered issues of promotion of seminar and shared their knowledge engagement with the region. It bilateral and regional trade; role and expertise. of regional/multilateral trade would also benefit a large number of

Participants of the Seminar on Towards India-Central Asia Economic Cooperation.

10 RIS Diary July 2015 Contributions to Outside Policy Dialogues

• Participated at the field trip Prof. Sachin Chaturvedi in International Development to the Nabanhe National Director General Programme organised by Nature Reserve (NNNR) in the • Made a presentation on ‘WTO: Institute of Development Studies Xishuangbanna region organised Agriculture Imbroglio’ at the (IDS) in UK on 8 May 2015. by The China International 59th Professional Course for • Made a presentation on ‘Means Development Research Network Foreign Diplomats (PCFD) of Implementation: The Role of (CIDRN), Yunnan Province on organised by Foreign Service Financing and Technology’ at the 28 June-2 July 2015. Institute (FSI) in the Ministry of seminar on ‘Perspectives from • Participated at the Third External Affairs in New Delhi on India on the Implementation Annual Conference of China 16 April 2015. of the Post-2015 Development International Development • Made a presentation on Agenda’ organised by Observer Research Network (CIDRN) ‘Socio-Economic Challenges Research Foundation (ORF), and held in Beijing on 2 July 2015. in Biotechnological Projects Saferworld and the Center on in India’ at the Workshop on International Cooperation (CIC), ‘Socio-Economic Methodology’ in New York on 15 May 2015. Prof. S.K. Mohanty organised by Indo-Swiss • Made a presentation on • Participated in the Discussion Collaboration in Biotechnology ‘Indian Economic Diplomacy: Meeting on NBA and NTC (ISCB) in Switzerland on 20-21 Genesis and Evolution’ at matters, organised by April. Also delivered special the Training Programme for Ayurvedic Drug Manufacturers’ remarks about the purpose of Indian Information Services Association in New Delhi on 10 the workshop and expectations (IIS) officers organised by April 2015. of ISCB and participated in the International Institute of Mass • Participated in Discussion Podium discussion on data Communication (IIMC) in New Meeting on China and the Asia publishing. Delhi on 20 May 2015. Pacific Region Issues in the US • Made a presentation on • Made a presentation on ‘BRICS Embassy, New Delhi on 15 April ‘Mobilizing Human and Trade in High Technology 2015. Financial Resources for India’s Products (HTPs): Trends and • Made a presentation on ‘India- Think Tanks’ at the Think-Tanks, Key Policy Imperatives’ at the China Trade Relationship with Public Policy and Governance: VII BRICS Academic Forum on Africa’ at the Africa Division, Ideas, Analysis, Innovation “BRICS: Cooperation for Growth, Ministry of Commerce and and Impact US-India Think Security and Prosperity” held in Industry, Government of India, Tank Summit organised jointly Moscow on 22-23 May 2015. New Delhi on 9 May 2015. by the TTCSP University • Participated as a member of the of Pennsylvania, Observers • Participated in discussion external Advisory Panel at the Research Foundation, Brookings Meeting on Trade Potentials Advisory Panel Meeting of the Institution and the Embassy of of India in Africa with Joint FAO Symposium on ‘The Role USA, in New Delhi on 27-29 Secretary FT (Africa Division), of Agricultural Biotechnologies April. FT (WANA), EP (CHEMEXCIL) in Sustainable Food Systems and and Administration of EP (CAP), • Made a presentation on Nutrition’ held in Rome on 3-4 EP (Textiles), PLEXCONCIL ‘Mechanisms to Encourage Social June 2015. and FT (NEA), at Ministry of Innovations for Health in India’ • Made a presentation on ‘Western Commerce and Industry, New at the Seminar on Responsible Aid Architecture and South- Delhi on 11 May 2015. Inclusive Innovation in Health South Paradigm: Would China organised by World Health • Made a presentation on provide a New Leadership Organisation (WHO) in Geneva ‘Biological Resources Trade on Global Framework?’ at the on 4-7 May 2015. Classification for India’, at the Roundtable Meeting of the Meeting of Reconstituted Expert • Made a presentation on ‘Indian ‘China’s Overseas Development Committee on Normally Traded Seeds in African markets: South– Policy in a World Beyond Aid’, Commodities, organised by the South Cooperation in Trade and held in Bangkok on 9-10 June National Biodiversity Authority Technology’ at Rising Powers 2015. of India in Goa on 17 May 2015.

RIS Diary July 2015 11 Contributions to Outside Policy Dialogues Prof. Ram Upendra Das materials for Hon’ble Members IPR administration through • Participated in Evaluation of of Parliament on various selected cooperation’ at the Indo- Corporate Skills Development current topics to enable them to European Conference Programme (CSD) held at New participate more effectively on Fostering Economic Delhi Institute of Management in the debates and Developement through bi- (NDIM) on 11 April 2015. discussions on 6 April 2015. The lateral cooperation in research, Core Group was later formed innovation and IPR’ organised • Delivered a lecture on ‘India’s and RIS is represented therein. by the EU Business Council and Trade Policy’, under Induction CII in New Delhi on 5 June 2015. Level Training Programme to • Conducted a half day training Indian Economic Service (IES) programme on ‘Intellectual • Delivered a keynote address Officer-Trainees, Batch 2014, Property Rights Enforcement’ at the IPR Workshop for at the Institute of Economic for Customs Officers at NACEN, entrepreneurs organised by CII Growth, New Delhi on 23 April Faridabad on 25 May 2015. in Kochi on 19 June 2015. 2014. • Delivered lectures on • Conducted classes on ‘Plant • Participated in the Inter- ‘Intellectual Property Rights‘ to Varieties and Farmers’ Rights’, Ministerial Preparatory Meeting newly recruited CSS Officers at ‘Protection of Geographical to discuss initiating of the Joint ISTM, New Delhi on 26, 27 and Indications of Goods’ and Study Group on feasibility of a 29 May 2015. ‘Protection of Genetic Resources, Free Trade Agreement between • Participated in the first meeting Traditional Knowledge and India and the Eurasian Economic of the Core Group formed by Traditional Cultural Expressions’ Commission organised by the the Hon’ble Lok Sabha Speaker at the National Refresher Course Ministry of Commerce and and offered RIS expertise for Law Teachers at Cochin Industry, New Delhi on 6 May on topics being studied and University of Science and 2015. researched by the Institute such Technology, Kochi on 24 June, 2015. • Panellist at the ‘20th Anniversary as development cooperation, of the WTO’ organised by current economic issues, Observer Research Foundation innovation, IPR and health Dr. K. Ravi Srinivas related issues, and regional (ORF), New Delhi on 13 May Consultant 2015. and bilateral agreements on investment on 28 May 2015. • Made a presentation on ‘Biofuels, • Lead Speaker on ‘New Foreign • Participated in the Panel Sustainable Development, and Trade Policy’ at ‘State of the Responsible Innovation: The Economy Seminar’ organised Discussion on ‘National Intellectual Property Policy’ on Case of Synthetic Biology’ at the by NCAER, New Delhi on 14 Conference on ‘Biofuels and (ir) May 2015. the Lok Sabha TV on 28 May 2015. responsible Innovation: Tensions • Participated in the Discussion Between Policy, Practice and • Participated in the National Meeting on the BKRU-Customs Sustainable Development’ Workshop of Stakeholders of Union held at the Ministry of organised by Eindhoven Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Commerce and Industry, New University of Technology in organised by the National Delhi on 4 June 2015. Eindhoven, Netherlands on 13 Medicinal Plants Board, New April 2015. Delhi and provided a paper on Mr. T.C. James ‘IPR Issues related to Medicinal • Made a presentation on ‘Open Consultant and Aromatic Plants (Herbs & Source, Open Innovation and Commons: Towards • Appeared on an interview on Their Allied Products)’ on 29 May 2015. an Alternative IP Regime in ‘Draft National IP Policy’ on Agriculture and Plant Breeding’ • Made a presentation on CNC News channel on 5 April at the Cultivating Innovation ‘Common Objectives and 2015. Conference on ‘How (and How Policies in the area of research, • Participated in the Meeting with Not) to Think about Intellectual innovation and IPR – a historic the Hon’ble Speaker of Lok Property in Agriculture and opportunity for Indian and Sabha and proposed formation Plant Science’ held in Norwich, European Innovators’ and of a Core Group to study UK on 14 April 2015. and prepare briefs and other chaired the panel discussion on ‘Best Practices in Strengthening

12 RIS Diary July 2015 Contributions to Outside Policy Dialogues

• Made a presentation on ‘Pricing Property Rights and Innovation’ and Management (ISTM), of Technology Intensive at the Lead Authors Workshop Department of Personnel and Products, Intellectual Property on Rice Strategy at the Institute Training, Government of India and Socio-economic Framework’ for Socio-Economic Change, in New Delhi on 11 May 2015 at ISCB Socio-Economic on 27 June 2015. • Participated as an expert at Methodology Workshop at the the 2015 BRICS Think-Tank School of Agricultural, Forest Dr. Sabyasachi Saha Roundtable, organised by the and Food Sciences HAFL, Institute of World Economics Zollikofen, Switzerland on 20 Assistant Professor and Politics, Chinese Academy April 2015. • Delivered two lectures on “WTO and India” at the of Social Sciences in Beijing on • Made a presentation on ‘Rice 18-19 June 2015. Germplasm, Seeds, Intellectual Institute of Secretariat Training

Latest Publications

No. 69: Access, Technology Development and Books and Reports National IPR Policy, May 2015

No. 68: New Development Bank: A Contribution to South Asia Development and Development Finance, May 2015 Cooperation Report 2015 RIS, 2015. DisCussion papers

No. 197 Promoting Innovations in Indian Universities: A Theoretical Model of University-Industry Interface by Sabyasachi Saha Abstract: While India’s emergence as a rising India and APEC: An economic power is an outcome of dynamic Appraisal advantages based on technological learning and V.S. Seshadri skills, innovation driven competitiveness has been AIC at RIS, 2015. much less prominent. It is expected that public funded institutions like universities and institutions should deliver on innovative research and ideas that can be commercialised. In this paper, we intend to understand university-industry interactions in India from a game theoretic perspective to capture issues of quality, objectives and incentives. Industry’s low appetite for university inventions in India needs careful assessment, even as industry is increasingly Policy Briefs engaging with the academia for problem solving inputs. The probability of market success of a No. 72: The Contingent Reserve Arrangement: A university technology is prima facie low because Redesign of the International Monetary these technologies are allegedly short of significant System, May 2015 technological value addition. Often such a deficit in novelty is linked to lesser degree of complexity No. 71: Classification of Countries and G-20, May of research undertaken at Indian universities in the first place. Our model has indicated how various 2015 parameters like royalty fees and scientist’s share of royalty and consultancy revenue could be used to No. 70: Access, Equity and Inclusion : Ethical Norms promote cutting edge research at universities for and S&T Policy Outcomes, May 2015 technology commercialisation Keywords: University-Industry Interface, Technology Transfer, Innovation, India

RIS Diary July 2015 13 Latest Publications

No.196 Reconfiguring International Financial Chaturvedi, Sachin. 2015. “Robust Neighbour Policy Institutions: The BRICS Initiative by Manmohan way to Act East Policy.” Asia Connect, Issue Agarwal No. 1, January-March, Makaias Newsletter, Abstract: This paper examines the implications of the Kolkata. establishment of the New Development Bank (NDB) Chaturvedi, Sachin. 2015. “Introduction: and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) for the Institutional Architecture and Development: international financial system and for the BRICS countries. Their establishment is placed in the context of the current Responses from Emerging Powers”, “The international aid architecture and of the international Emerging Institutional Architecture of India’s monetary system (IMS) and the economic performance Development Cooperation” and “Conclusion, and needs of developing countries. Developing countries Outlook and Policy Recommendation” in have been dissatisfied with the governance system, the Sachin Chaturvedi, et al. (eds) Institutional operations and the lack of reform of the World bank Architecture and Development: Responses from and the International Monetary System. Dissatisfied at their lack of success in engineering reform developing Emerging Powers. South African Institute of countries have moved to a positive phase of devising new International Affairs (SAIIA), South Africa. institutions that could meet their needs. The scope for the Das, Ram Upendra. 2015. “Trade and Investment NDB to break new ground is greater. Not only additional Liberalization in India: Implications for aid would be made available but the NDB could break new ground in project preparation and implementation Productivity Gains”, in Khee Giap Tan and Kong that might force the current multilateral development Yam Tan (eds.) Foreign Direct Investment and Small banks to alter their practices. But the task of replacing and Medium Enterprises: Productivity and Access to the IMF is more difficult. A new IMS can only come into Finance. Singapore: World Scientific. May. being if it is universal. A group of developing countries even if very large cannot develop a new international Das, Ram Upendra. 2015. “Rationale for and monetary system. The CRA can only provide a welcome Constraints to South Asia-Central Asia Economic new source of BOP finance. Linkages.” Eurasia Review, Albany, Oregon. ISSN Keywords: BRICS, BRICS Initiative, International Financial 2330-717X. Institutions, Reconfiguring Das, Ram Upendra and Reena Marwah. 2015. “India- RIS DIAry China Economic Engagements In A Global Context.” Eurasia Review. May. Vol. 11 No. 2 April 2015

Opinions Contributions to Outside Asher, Mukul. 2015. ‘India Compares Well in External Publications by RIS Faculty Trade Integration in Asia Pacific’. Swarajyamag, Books/Reports 20 June. Chaturvedi, Sachin, et al. (eds). 2015. Institutional Asher, Mukul. 2015. ‘Rationale & Key Requirements Architecture and Development: Responses from For Implementing GST in Indian States’. Emerging Powers. South African Institute of Swarajyamag, 5 July. International Affairs (SAIIA), South Africa. Das, Ram Upendra. 2015. ‘Saarc countries to Das, Ram Upendra. 2015. India’s Strategy for harmonize standards to boost trade’. LiveMint, Economic Integration with CLMV. Department of 12 March. Commerce, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Das, Ram Upendra. 2015. ‘Govt plan investment Government of India. channel for CLMV region’. LiveMint, 24 March. Das, Ram Upendra. 2015. ‘Infra hurdle for wider visa- REsearch Papers on-arrival scheme’. LiveMint, 26 March. Chaturvedi, Sachin. 2015. “Exploring Indian Das, Ram Upendra. 2015. ‘Commerce Secretary Engagement in Agriculture and Health: A Rajeev Kher to visit Iran on Sunday’. LiveMint, Case of Angola and Mozambique.” BRICS 4 April. Policy Centre Paper, Vol. 3. No. 03, January- Das, Ram Upendra. 2015. ‘Trade Gap with China April. May Double to $60B in 2 Years’. Economic Times, 6 April.

14 RIS Diary July 2015 Latest Publications

Das, Ram Upendra and Reena Marwah. 2015. ‘India- Saran, Shyam. 2015. ‘A road India must travel’. China Economic Engagements In A Global Context Hindustan Times, 19 March. – Analysis’. Eurasia Review, 22 May. Saran, Shyam. 2015. ‘Paying for multilateralism’. Nayyar, Deepak. 2015. ‘The interest rate conundrum’. Business Standard, 7 April. LiveMint, 12 June. Saran, Shyam. 2015. ‘Revisiting India's growth strategy.’ Nayyar, Deepak. 2015. ‘Make in India: Yes, but how?’ Business Standard, 12 May. LiveMint, 10 July. Saran, Shyam. 2015. ‘On foreign policy, Modi must walk Pisupati, Balakrishna. 2015. ‘To Beijing, Softly’. The the talk’. Hindustan Times, 20 May. Indian Express, 14 May. Saran, Shyam. 2015. ‘An IMF boost for China's Pisupati, Balakrishna. 2015. ‘Redefining SAGAR in currency’. Business Standard, 9 June. Indian Ocean’. , 26 May. Saran, Shyam. 2015. ‘The Pope Wades in Where Angels Saha, Sabyasachi. 2015. ‘IPR must promote local Fear to Tread’. The Wire, 25 June. innovation’. Financial Express, 27 April. Saran, Shyam. 2015. ‘The Beijing Paradox’. Business Saran, Shyam. 2015. ‘India and a fragmented globe’. Standard, 8 July. Business Standard, 10 March.

Continued from Page 8...

Indian Ambassador to WTO. University of Economics delivered help policymakers and governments Amb. Shyam Saran, Chairman, RIS the Special Address. Prof. Prabir De, overcome the issues of complex and delivered the Valedictory Address. who is managing the project, gave an expensive mathematical modelling Prof. Prabir De made the Closing introduction of the programme. The in order to analyse trade policy Remarks and also extended the Vote programme covered various themes simply and cost effectively. The of Thanks. related to international trade. The training programmes were attended Earlier, the third workshop participants were also introduced by senior officials and scholars from was organised by RIS jointly with to TradeSift, a method and software Myanmar. Centre for Economy, Environment, developed by Sussex researchers to and Society (CESS), Myanmar, at Yangon University of Economics, Yangon in association with University of Sussex, UNESCAP, RIS Website Yangon University of Economics, Trade Sift, and Asia-Pacific Research Research and Information System for Developing and Training Network (ARTNeT) Countries (RIS) from 11 to 15 May 2015. This event http://www.ris.org.in was also supported by Myanmar Ministry of Commerce, UK Aid- Department for International RIS Webpages Development (DFID), and the IPE Global. ASEAN-India Centre at RIS (AIC) http://aic.ris.org.in U Toe Aung Myint, Permanent Secretary and Director General, Forum for Indian Development Cooperation (FIDC) Ministry of Commerce delivered http://fidc.ris.org.in the Opening Address on the behalf of H.E. Dr. Pwint San, Deputy Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) Minister of Commerce, Myanmar. http://iora.ris.org.in Mr. Gautam Mukhopadhaya, Ambassador of India in Myanmar New Asia Forum delivered the Keynote Address. http://newasiaforum.org Dr. Tun Aung, Pro-Rector, Yangon

RIS Diary July 2015 15 uohu izdk'ku

nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ fodkl ,oa lg;ksx fjiksVZ 2015 'kkafr&l`td le`f¼ ds fy, vkfFkZd ,dhdj.k fjiksVZ nf{k.k ,f'kvkbZ vkfFkZd ,dhdj.k lEcU/kh çpfyr fopkj/kkjk ls gV dj gS rFkk fofHkUu vkfFkZd fopkjksa ,oa –f"Vdks.kksa dksa izLrqr djrh gSA ;g ,d ^foijhr lksp* dk çfreku Hkh çLrqr djrh gSA okLro esa fjiksVZ esa u;h var–Zf"V;ksa ds lkFk ,d Jh lqjs'k çHkkdj çHkq] ekuuh; jsy ea=h] Hkkjr ljdkj ^nf{k.k ,f'k;k fodkl ,oa lg;ksx fjiksVZ 2015* ds foekspu oLrqfu"B v/;;u gS tks ,d ,slk ds volj ij cksyrs gq,A blds lkFk fp= esa ck,a ls nk,a çks lfpu prqosZnh] egkfuns'kd] vkjvkbZ,l( Jh , ,e xksunkus] la;qä lfpo ¼lkdZ½] fons'k ea=ky;] Hkkjr ljdkj( jktnwr ';ke lju] v/;{k] vkjvkbZ,l( çks nhid larqfyr –f"Vdks.k çLrqr djrk uS;j] ,esfjVl çksQslj v‚Q bdksu‚feDl] ts,u;w] ubZ fnYyh vkSj lg&v/;{k] uhfr v/;;u ds fy, nf{k.k ,f'k;k dsaæ ¼llsil½( Jh 'kSnk eksgEen vCnkyh] Hkkjr es vQxkfuLrku dss jktnwr vkSj çks jke misaæ nkl] vkjvkbZ,lA gS tks fo}rkiw.kZ ,oa uhfr fu/kkZjd v/;;u ,oa 'kks/k ç.kkyh ds fy, fu.kkZ;d gksrk gSA fjiksVZ bl rF; dks Hkh mtkxj djrh gS fd nf{k.k ,f'kvkbZ {ks= fdlh rjg ls Hkh U;wure&,dh—r {ks= ugha gSA lkFk gh fjiksVZ ;g Hkh js[kkafdr djrh gS fd vc bl /kkj.kk dks cnyuk gksxkA vDlj ;g dgk tkrk gS dh vU; vkfFkZd lewgksa dh cM+h&cM+h lQyrk,a gS ysfdu nf{k.k ,f'kvkbZ vkfFkZd ,dhdj.k esa dfe;ka jgh gSaA ijUrq okLro esa rF; ;g gS fd nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ vkfFkZd ,dhdj.k igy dh viuh lQyrk,a gS tcfd vU; vkfFkZd lewgksa dh viuh vlQyrk,a gS ftuls gesa lh[k ysuh pkfg,] bldh Hkh ppkZ bl fjiksVZ esa dh x;h gSA fjiksVZ dh dsaæh; fo"k;&oLrq ^'kkafr&l`td le`f) ds fy, vkfFkZd ,dhdj.k* gS tks] nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ vkfFkZd ,dhdj.k çfØ;k dh miyfC/k;ksa dks ij[kus ds fy,] {ks= esa 'kkafr LFkkiuk dh vko';drk dks mtkxj djus ds fy, rFkk nf{k.k ,f'k;k dks ,d lEiUu {ks= cukus ds fy, {kerk dks gkfly djus gsrq ,d u;h lksp ,oa~ u;s –f"Vdks.k dks çLrqr djrh gSA 'kkafr ,oa lEiUurk ds chp tks lEcU/k gS] ml lanHkZ esa fjiksVZ bl ckr ij cy nsrh gS fd {ks= esa lEiUurk ykus dk ç;kl gh çeq[k y{; gksuk pkfg, tks nf{k.k ,f'k;kbZ vkfFkZd ,dhdj.k ds ek/;e ls laHko gks ldrk gSA blls vius vki lsa 'kkafr&l`tu Hkh gksxkA bl rjg vkjvkbZ,l fd ;g fjiksVZ ,d u;h fopkj/kkjk çLrqr djrh gS tks lkdZ {ks= ds fofHkUu fgr/kkjdksa ds lkFk {ks= ds ckgj ds yksxksa ds fy, Hkh ykHkçn gksxhA

Core IV-B, Fourth Floor, India Habitat Centre dksj 4&ch] pkSFkk ry] Hkkjr i;kZokl dsUnz] yks/h jksM] ubZ Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003 India., Ph. 91-11-24682177-80 Fax: 91-11-24682173-74, Email: [email protected] fnYyh&110 003] Hkkjr-] nwjHkk"k% 91&11&24682177&80 : [email protected] Website: http://www.ris.org.in iQSDl% 91&11&24682173&74bZ&esy osclkbV: http://www.ris.org.in

Managing Editor: Tish Kumar Malhotra

16 RIS Diary July 2015