Native plants for North Texas landscapes

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4 Topics • About native plants • Some invasive plants to avoid This • Getting started • Native plants for North Texas ➢Vines ➢Shrubs ➢Flowering annuals or ➢Flowering perennials ➢Ground covers ➢Ornamental trees ➢Shade trees • Resources This

Photo: Carol Feldman 5 What makes a plant a native? • One that exists in a given region through non-human introduction, directly or indirectly (Andrea De-Long Amaya, Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center) • All indigenous, terrestrial, and aquatic plant species that evolved naturally in an ecosystem (US Forest Service) • A plant that lives or grows naturally in a particular region without direct or indirect human intervention (USDA and US National Arboretum) • Any plant which is a member of a species which was present at a given site prior to European contact (California Native Plant Society) • “I believe that what is and is not a native plant is best defined by nature herself. Because plants do not grow in isolation from the other living things around them…Over immense periods of time, these interactions help shape both the plants and animals…they coevolve” Tallamy, Douglas, Bringing Nature Home, Timber Press, 2009 Crossvine. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center

6 Native plants role in the ecosystem • An ecosystem is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. (Oxford English Dictionary) • “Plants form the critical base of food chains in nearly all ecosystems. For example, plants are fed upon by insects, which may be eaten by birds, which in turn are eaten by birds of prey, and so on. In general, native plants support other native species more effectively than non-native plants.” (https://www.canr.msu.edu/nativeplants/ecosystem_services/) • Gardeners play a valuable role in helping the environment by putting native plants to work in their landscapes. Landscaping with native plants sustains native insect populations. In a balanced ecosystem, species further up the food chain eat plant-feeding insects before the insects cause serious harm. (https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/extension-gardener-handbook/12-native-plants) • Native plants serve as the foundation of our native ecosystems. When used in a landscape, native plants attract and support: (https://gacoast.uga.edu/outreach/programs/ecoscapes/native-invasive- plants/) ➢Local and migrating birds ➢Pollinators, including butterflies, bees, butterflies, moths, hummingbirds, and other native insect pollinators ➢An array of other wildlife

7 How bird populations are effected by exotic plants

• “We are losing our birds because we have taken away their homes and their food and filled their world with dangerous obstacles.” Tallamy, Douglas, How you can sustain wildlife with native plants • “Smithsonian Study Links Declines in Suburban Backyard Birds to Presence of Nonnative Plants” (Oct. 22, 2018) ➢ “Landowners are using nonnative plants in their yards because they’re pretty and exotic, they’re easy to maintain, and they tend to have fewer pests on them.” BUT ➢ “Insect-eating birds depend on the availability of high-calorie, high-protein cuisine — namely caterpillars and spiders” some of which feed only on specific native plants.

8 Impact of habitat loss on pollinators • (Jan 07, 2019) Monarchs taking a shorter trip, migrating to Florida instead of Mexico sensing their body condition won't make it all the way to Mexico. "Habitat loss in their summering ground, or factors during migration or in their wintering site — there are many different ways they can encounter threats. (Hannah Vander Zanden, a biology professor at the University of Florida) • (May 6, 2015) “Native bees in North America are declining drastically. Habitat loss is the number one reason for bee decline, with pesticide use, invasive species, and climate change also playing a major role. With the growth of cities and farms, habitat suitable for our native bees shrinks. And with competition and habitat degradation from invasive species, suitable habitat becomes even less.” (Kelsey K. Graham PhD Candidate in Behavioral Ecology, Tufts University) • (March 6, 2019) “Populations of many wild bee species are in widespread decline worldwide to due multiple interacting factors. Habitat loss, parasites and disease, pesticide use and climate change have all been blamed. Urbanization contributes to habitat loss, and that trend is expected to accelerate in coming decades.” (University of Michigan) • (October 31, 2018), “A new study shows how quickly songbird populations fall off when gardens are planted with exotic trees and shrubs” Smithsonian.com

9 Scale in feet

How native plants survive our challenging conditions

Extensive root systems reach deep for water during droughts and also help breakup heavy, clay soil.

10 What’s in it for me? • Save money ➢Reduced water usage (don’t forget to change your irrigation system settings) ➢Fewer disease problems that require expensive chemical treatments ➢Needs less fertilizer and fewer soil amendments • Save time ➢Less maintenance requirements ➢Smaller area to mow • Improve health ➢Less exposure to air pollution from gasoline-powered equipment

➢Less chemical runoff into water supply Photo: Carol Feldman ➢Less danger from pesticides for you, Get more color in your landscape. Be sure to meet your family and your pets plant’s water needs—too much water will drown • Support Texas wildlife native plants 11 Adapted or invasive plants—what’s the difference?

• Adapted plants are neither native nor invasive. They are able to thrive here because they originate from areas with similar soil and climate conditions to those of North Texas. • An invasive plant species grows/reproduces and spreads rapidly, establishes over large areas, and persists. Species that become invasive succeed due to favorable environmental conditions and lack of natural predators, competitors or diseases that normally regulate plant populations. Photo: Texas SmartScape • An invasive species causes or is likely to cause economic Bird of Paradise (Caesalpinia gilliesii) is an or environmental harm. For example, kudzu introduced to adapted ornamental tree that grows about North America by the Soil Erosion Service and Civilian 10 feet tall. It is popular with butterflies, Conservation Corp in 1876 costs around $500 million hummingbirds and bees. annually in lost cropland and control costs. (Science Daily, 2016) Texas Smart Scape’s website has a list of “adapted plants”: http://www.txsmartscape.com/plant- search/index.php 12 Invasive plants to avoid

DIRTY DOZEN TERRESTRIAL INVASIVE SPECIES These plants have been identified as particularly worrisome terrestrial invasive species in the Cross Timbers and Prairies ecoregion. Japanese honeysuckle - Lonicera japonica Glossy privet - Ligustrum lucidum Chinese privet - Ligustrum sinense Giant reed - Arundo donax Chinese wisteria - Wisteria sinensis

Lilac chastetree - Vitex agnus-castus Photo: Barbara Brown Brazilian vervain - Verbena brasiliensis Guineagrass - Urochloa maxima According to the Native Plant Common periwinkle - Vinca minor Society, the frequently planted Chinaberry tree - Melia azedarach Nandina domestica (heavenly Chinese tallow tree - Triadica sebifera bamboo) is invasive. However, Johnson grass - Sorghum halepense removing berries helps reduce its • Lots more information at: https://texasinvasives.org spread.

13 Let’s get started

False Indigo Photo: Paul Cox Wildflowers.org Texas mountain Green laurel Milkweed Photo: Sally & Andy Wasowski Source: wildflower.org Photos: R.W. Smith Wildflowers.org 14 Before you buy—Dig a little deeper The University of Texas at Austin Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center is the State Botanic Garden and Arboretum of Texas. The Center promotes its mission to inspire the conservation of native plants through its internationally recognized sustainable gardens, education and outreach programs, research projects, and consulting work. Their website has a wealth of information on selecting and growing North Texas native plants! • You can enter the common or scientific name of the plant you are interested in and go immediately to the info on that plant or • You can search their database by: ➢ Area: North Central Texas ➢ Ecoregion: Cross Timbers ➢ Plant characteristics: • Location • Light requirement • Soil moisture • Bloom time • Bloom color • Size

15 Scroll down the home page and select Plant Lists

Then select “find your plants”. Next select “Texas - North Central”

16 Plant info example Scientific name: Amorpha fruticosa Amorpha fruticosa L. Growing Conditions Water Use: Low Common name: Indigo Bush, False Indigo Light Requirement: Sun , Part Shade Bush, False Indigo, Desert False Indigo Soil Moisture: Moist CaCO3 Tolerance: Medium Plant Characteristics Aquatic: yes Duration: Perennial Cold Tolerant: yes Habit: Shrub Soil Description: Moist soils to dry sands. pH adaptable. Sandy, Sandy Leaf Retention: Deciduous Loam, Medium Loam, Clay Loam, Clay, Acid-based, Calcareous. Leaf Arrangement: Alternate Leaf Complexity: Pinnate Benefit Leaf Pubescence: Glabrous Use Ornamental: Fast growing, Attractive, Blooms ornamental, Bog or Leaf Margin: Entire Leaf Apex: Mucronate pond area, Water garden Breeding System: Flowers Bisexual Use Wildlife: Nectar-bees, Nectar-butterflies, Nectar-insects Leaf: Green Autumn Foliage: yes Conspicuous Flowers: yes Size Class: 6-12 ft. Fragrant Flowers: yes Fragrant Foliage: yes Bloom Information Attracts: Butterflies Larval Host: California & southern dogfaces, Silver-spotted Skipper Bloom Color: Orange , Blue , Purple , Violet Bloom Time: Apr , May , Jun (Epargyreus clarus), Gray hairstreak, Hoary edge skipper. Bloom Notes: Corolla deep violet-purple, anthers Deer Resistant: High orange, style purplish. Value to Beneficial Insects Special Value to Native Bees 17 First things first—general guidelines • Are you replacing an existing plant or creating a completely new bed? ➢Improve soil drainage, if needed ➢Check amount of sunlight the area receives and when ➢Measure space available (height and width) • Select plants based on what you want the plant(s) to do for you and the ecosystem? ➢Seasonal color ➢Evergreen or deciduous ➢Food for birds ➢Attract pollinators ➢Match a color palette ➢Provide shade and/or habitat Photo: Barbara Brown • Integrating organic material before you plant and adding 3 to 4 inches of mulch around, but not Monarchs enjoying blue salvia touching, after you plant is ALWAYS a good idea. 18 You can do this!

• Vines • Shrubs • Grasses • Flowering annuals • Flowering perennials Photos: Liz Moyer Rock rose • Borders Texas Sage, Cenizo • Ground covers Native plants often grow more slowly in the first two years than • Ornamental trees adapted or exotic plants as they develop their extensive root systems. • Shade trees

19 North Texas Native Vines

• Climbing Prairie Rose (Rosa setigera) • Carolina Jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens) • Coral Honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens) • Crossvine (Bignonia capreolata) • Trumpet Creeper (Campsis radicans) • Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus quiquefolia) • Texas Wisteria (Wisteria frutescens) • Pitcher/Purple Clematis (Clematis pitcher var. pitcher) • Woolly Dutchman’s Pipe (Aristolochia tomentosa)

Photos: Liz Moyer Climbing Prairie Rose 20 North Texas Native Vines

Photo: Sally & Andy Wasowski Source: wildflower.org Texas Wisteria

Most vines require annual pruning. Early bloomers should be pruned after blooming. Summer and fall bloomers Photo: Joseph A. Marcus can be pruned in late winter or early Source: wildflower.org Crossvine spring. Carolina Jessamine 21 North Texas Native Shrubs

• American Beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) American Beautyberry • Coralberry (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus) • Texas Sage, Cenizo (Leucophyllum frutescens) • Autumn Sage (Salvia greggii) • Agarita (Berberis trifoliolata) • Yaupon Holly—dwarf or regular(Ilex vomitoria) • Pavonia, Rock Rose (Pavonia lasiopetala)

• Wax Myrtle (Morella cerifera) (Myrica Photo: Rodney Barton cerifera) • Red Yucca (Hesperaloe parviflora) • Pale Yucca (Yucca pallida)

Shrub-like Blue and autumn sage salvia Photo: Barbara Brown 22 North Texas Native Shrubs

The agarita thorns are needle sharp. Songbirds eat fruits and small mammals use the plant for cover. The red fruit is used in making jelly and wine.

Turks cap is “shrub like” growing between 3 to 9 feet tall and should be grown in shade or part-shade. Flowers provide nectar for moths, hummingbirds, butterflies, fruit-birds, and fruit- mammals. Photo: Mary Henderson and Mary Hall, Wildflower.org Agarita Photo: Sally & Andy Wasowski Source: wildflower.org Turk’s Cap

23 North Texas Native Shrub-like Chile pequin (Capsicum annuum L.) • Shrub-like, growing 1 to 3 feet • Does not mind clay soils • Grows in sun, partial and full shade • Small, white flowers in spring • Green berries, turning red in fall • Herbaceous • Berries are popular with birds and can be used to flavor food, but are quite hot! • Needs protection from winter cold, sometimes grown as an annual rather than a perennial

Photo: Barbara Brown Chili pequin

24 North Texas Native Ornamental Grasses

• Inland sea oats (Chasmanthium latifolium) • Gulf Muhley (Muhlenbergia capillaris) • White cloud muhley (Muhlenbergia capillaris 'White Cloud' • Mexican feather grass (Nassella tenuissima) • Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) • Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) • Lindheimer’s Muhly (Muhlenbergi lindheimeri

Photo: Carolyn Fannon Source: wildflower.org Gulf Muhly

*https://wateruniversity.tamu.edu/media/1295/top-100-plants-for-north-texas.pdf 25 North Texas Native Ornamental Grasses

Spring

Fall

Photo: Lee Page Photo: Sam C. Strickland Source: LBJ Wildflower Center Digital Library Source: LBJ Wildflower Center Digital Library Lindheimer’s Muhly 26 North Texas Native Flowering Annuals Drummond Phlox • Short list because most native flowering plants are perennials. Black-eyed Susan • Non-native flowering annuals such as vinca, petunias, impatients can still be used to provide spots of color in hanging baskets and containers. Photo: Norman Flaigg • Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta) Source: wildflower.org Photo: Rodney Barton • Prairie Verbena (Glandularia bipinnatifida) • Drummond Phlox (Phlox drummondii) • Blackfoot Daisy (Melamodium leucanthum)

Photo: Thomas L Muller Source: wildflower.org Prairie Verbena 27 North Texas Native Flowering Perennials

• Butterfly Milkweed (Asclepias tuberosa) • Lanceleaf Coreopsis (Coreopsis lanceolate) • Cut-leaf Daisy (Engelmannia peristenia) • Obedient Plant (Physostegia virginiana) • Indian Blanket (Gaillardia pulchella) • Four-nerve Daisy (Tetraneuris scaposa) • Gayfeather (Liatris mucronate) • Maximilian Sunflower (Helianthus maximiliani) • Brazos Penstemon (Penstemon tenuis) • Hill Country Penstemon (Penstemon triflorus) Photo: Barbara Brown • Mexican Hat (Ratibida columnifera) Obedient plant Might be called dis-obedient plant because it spreads rapidly. However, extras are easily removed to share or plant somewhere else. 28 North Texas Native Flowering Perennials • Blue Mistflower (Conoclinium coelestinum) • Gregg’s Mistflower (Conoclinium greggii) • Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) • Mealy Blue Sage (Henry Duelberg Sage) • Augusta Duelberg Sage (Salvia farinacea) • Scarlet (Tropical) Sage (Salvia coccinea) • Sky Blue Sage (Salvia azurea ) Photo: Rodney Barton • American Basket-flower (Centaurea Photo: Barbara Brown Gregg’s mist Americana) Indian Blanket • Texas Gold Columbine (Aquilegia chrysantha var. hinkleyana) • White Gaura (Gaura lindheimeri) • Zexmenia (Wedeliz acapulcensis var.hispida) • Texas Star Hibiscus (Hibiscus coccineus) • Texas Spider Lily (Hymenocallis liriosme) Photo: Melody Lytle 29 Source: wildflower.org North Texas Native Flowering Perennials

Photo: C.A Rechentin Source: wildflower.org Gayfeather Purple Coneflower

Photo: Katy Kramer McKinney Source: wildflower.org Maximilian Sunflower

Photo: Liz Moyer

Photo: Rodney Barton 30 North Texas Native Flowering Perennials

Zexmenia blooms Texas Gold Columbine spring through fall. Drought tolerant. Full sun.

Texas columbine blooms in spring. Photo: Liz Moyer Prefers partial to full Zexmenia shade.

Texas spider lily needs moist soil and part shade. Blooms late winter through summer. Photo: Rodney Barton Texas Spider Lily Photo: Liz Moyer Photo: Liz Moyer

31 Walk on it, mow it— North Texas a real rock star! Native Ground Cover Plants

• Horseherb (Calyptocarpus vialis)

Photo: Melody Lytle • White Avens (Geum canadense) Source: wildflower.org Horseherb • Frogfruit (Phyla nodiflora) • Golden groundsel (Packera obovate) • Pigeon Berry (Rivina humilis) • Lyreleaf Sage (Salvia lyrate) Photo: Stephanie Brundage • Wood Violet (Viola missouriensis) Source: wildflower.org Photo: Janice Lynn Source: wildflower.org Photo: Sally & Andy Wasowski Golden Groundsel Source: wildflower.org • Wood Fern (Thelypteris kunthii) Wood Violets Prefers shade or part shade and moist soil. 32 North Texas Native Ground Cover Plants

Photo: Allen Cressler Photo: Sally & Andy Wasowski Source: wildflower.org Pigeonberry Wood fern Source: wildflower.org Pigeonberry is a perennial herb about Adds texture to landscape. Grows 1 1 foot tall that grows beneath trees to 3 feet tall. Bronze-cast as winter and shrubs. Fruit-eating birds enjoy. approaches. Part shade to shade in Caution: the fruit and leaves are toxic if moist soil. ingested.

33 North Texas Native Ornamental Trees • Eastern Redbud (Cercis Canadensis var. Mexican Buckeye Canadensis) • Texas Redbud (Cercis Canadensis var. texensis) • Yaupon Holly (Ilex vomitoria) • Cherry Laurel (Prunus caroliniana) • Possumhaw Holly (Ilex decidua) • Roughleaf Dogwood (Cornus drummondii) • Mexican Buckeye (Ungnadia speciose) • Flameleaf Sumac (Rhus lanceolate) • Texas Mountain Laurel (Calia secundiflora) • Mexican Plum (Prunus Mexicana) Photo: Joseph A. Marcus • Desert Willow (Chilopsis linearis) Source: wildflower.org • Eve’s Necklace (Styphnolobium affine) Can be grown as a tree (single trunk) or shrub (multi-trunk). Nice fall foliage. 34 North Texas Native Ornamental Trees

Yaupon hollies often send Before and shoots up from roots that after cedar require pruning. “Many waxwings species of birds eat enjoyed the the fruit. Mammals eat berries the fruit as well and the flowers attract insects. Birds employ the dense branches for nesting sites.” Wildflower.org Photos: Barbara Brown

Texas mountain laurel blooms in spring with grape-bubblegum scented flowers—a butterfly favorite. Photos: Liz Moyer Texas Mountain Laurel Yaupon holly

35 North Texas Native Ornamental Trees

Possumhaw Holly “To a possum or songbird, Flameleaf Sumac possumhaw might be the equivalent of a perfect piece of pizza or an elegant wedding cake. Though the berries are said to be poisonous to humans, this lovely native tree lies at the crossroads of beautiful and delicious when it comes to the wild world. Its stunning, easy-to-spot fruit provides nourishment for game birds, raccoons, squirrels and more.” LBJ Wildflower Center Only the female tree will bear the Winter red berries that usually persist fall Photo: Sally & Andy Wasowski Photo: Sally & Andy Wasowski Source: wildflower.org Source: wildflower.org into spring.

36 North Texas Native Shade Trees

• Mexican White Oak (Quercus polymorpha) • Mountain Cedar (Juniperus ashei) The Texas Forest Service has recently recommended mid-sized Mexican white oak as an good option to • Bigtooth Maple (Acer grandidentatum) red oaks because it is less susceptible to oak wilt or hypoxalyn. • Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus Virginia) • Red Oak (Quercus shumardii) or (Quercus • Cedar Elm (Ulmus crassifolia) buckleyi) • Mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) • Live Oak ( Quercus fusiformis) or ( Quercus • American Elm (Ulmus Americana) virginia) • Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) • Chinquapin Oak (Quercus muhlenbergii) very large tree • Blackjack Oak (Quercus marilandica) very large • Hackberry (Celtis laevigata) tree • Texas Ash (Fraxinus albicans) • Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa) very large tree • White Ash (Fraxinus Americana) • Lacey Oak (Quercus laceyi)

Large trees (taller than 20 feet) take a long time to reach their mature size. 37 North Texas Native Shade Trees

Bur (Burr) oak • Large tree can grow to 100 feet • Slow growing • Deciduous • Usually wider than tall • Bur oak acorns are the largest ones of all native oaks

Photos: Sally & Andy Wasowski Source: wildflower.org

Bur oak 38 North Texas Native Shade Trees

Photo: Beth Anderson Source: wildflower.org Mesquite A mesquite tree adds interesting texture to your landscape. Can be messy. Indigenous people of the Southwest made flour from the sweet fleshy pulp around the seeds and tools Photo: Liz Moyer from the extremely hard wood. Gourmet’s choice for Big Tooth Maple grilling fish and meat. 39 Find more information on native plants EarthKind Landscaping https://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/earthkind/ Operation NICE (Natives Instead of Common Exotics) http://npsot.org/wp/resources/nice/ Local Native Plant Lists (by plant type and for various garden types) https://www.npsot.org/TrinityForks/TrinityForksWeb/plants.html Texas Wildscapes: A Backyard Wildlife Habitat Program http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/huntwild/wild/wildlife_diversity/wildscapes/ Grow Green http://www.growgreen.org Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center (Explore Plants database) http://www.wildflower.org/explore/ Texas SmartScape http://www.txsmartscape.com/ (Sponsored by the North Central Texas Council of Governments) Texas Tree Planting Guide http://texastreeplanting.tamu.edu/index.html City of Irving Native Plant Guide http://cityofirving.org/documentcenter/view/948 Web Soil Survey, National Resource Conservation Survey http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/ iNaturalists www.inaturalist.org NPAT/Native Prairies Association of Texas www.texasprairie.org 40 Organizations • Audubon Society http://www.audubon.org/ • Bring Back the Monarchs to Texas http://www.monarchjointventure.org • Botanical Research Institute of Texas http://www.brit.org/ • Clear Creek Natural Heritage Center http://www.clearcreekdenton.com/ • Denton County Master Gardener Association https://dcmga.com • Fort Worth Botanic Garden http://www.fwbg.org • Fort Worth Nature Center http://www.fwnaturecenter.org/ • Fossil Rim Wildlife Center http://www.fossilrim.org • Heard Natural Science Museum http://www.heardmuseum.org/ • Lewisville Lake Environmental Learning Area http://llela.unt.edu/ • Master Gardeners http://mastergardener.tamu.edu/ • Master Naturalists http://txmn.org/ • Native Plant Society of Texas (NPSOT) http://npsot.org/ • River Legacy Living Science Center http://www.riverlegacy.org/ • Texas A&M AgriLife Extension http://agrilifeextension.tamu.edu/

41 Resources—2019 Native plant sales • See handout from Trinity Forks Native Plant Society of local nurseries that often carry native plants. • Fund-raising plant sales are a good way to find plants that are often not available in the general market. Organization members contribute pass-alongs from their gardens and volunteers are on-site to answer questions. Check each organization’s website or Facebook page for more detail.

April 13-14, 10-2Fair Park, Dallas Texas Discovery Gardens https://txdg.org/plant-sale/

April 13, Flower Mound High School, 3411 Peters Native Plant Society of Texas, Trinity Forks https://npsot.org/TrinityForks/ or Facebook 10-1 Colony Road, Flower Mound Chapter

April 13 Austin LadyBird Johnson Wildflower Center https://www.wildflower.org/plant-sales April 13, 9-5 Heard Museum/Native Plant Society of 1 Nature Place McKinney http://www.heardmuseum.org/plantsale April 14, 1-5 Texas,Collin County Chapter

May 4 Trinity United Methodist Church, 633 Denton County Master Gardener Association https://dcmga.com/ or Facebook 9-1 Hobson Lane, Denton

April 27 6 Stones Urban Farm, Bedford Tarrant County Master Gardener Association http://tarrantmg.org/ or Facebook Native Plant Society of Texas, North Central May ?? Arlington http://www.txnativeplants.org/ or Facebook Chapter

Randol Mill Park Greenhouse, 1901 W. September Molly Hollar Wildscape http://www.thewildscape.org/ or Facebook Randol Mill Rd., Arlington

September Fair Park, Gate 6, 3601 MLK Blvd., Dallas Texas Discovery Gardens https://txdg.org/plant-sale/

River Legacy Park, Elm Grove Pavillion, 701 Native Plant Society of Texas, North Central September http://www.txnativeplants.org/ or Facebook NE Green Oaks Blvd., Arlington Chapter

October Austin LadyBird Johnson Wildflower Center https://www.wildflower.org/plant-sales

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