1 PROFORMA FOR PREPARATION OF ANNUAL REPORT (April 2018-March 2019)

APR SUMMARY 1. Training Programmes Clientele No. of Courses Male Female Total participants Farmers & farm women 33 1370 208 1578 Rural youths 4 100 10 110 Extension functionaries 10 440 223 663 Sponsored Training 1 25 3 28 Vocational Training 1 25 3 28 Total 49 1960 447 2407

2. Frontline demonstrations Enterprise No. of Farmers Area (ha) Units/Animals Oilseeds 20 6.5 20 Pulses 20 6 20 Cereals 65 26 65 Vegetables 30 5 30 Other crops 0 0 0 Total 135 43.5 135 Livestock & Fisheries 60 60 Nos. Other enterprises - - - Total 60 60 Nos. Grand Total 195 43.5 195

3. Technology Assessment & Refinement Category No. of Technology No. of Trials No. of Farmers Assessed & Refined Technology Assessed Crops 6 50 50 Livestock 2 15 15 Various enterprises 2 25 25 Total 10 90 90 Technology Refined Crops - - - Livestock - - - Various enterprises - - - Total - - - Grand Total 20 180 180

4. Extension Programmes Category No. of Programmes Total Participants Extension activities 779 5417 Other extension activities 472 1234 Total 1251 6651

2 5. Mobile Advisory Services

Type of Messages Other Total Name of Livesto Marke Awar Message Type Crop Weather enterpris KVK ck -ting e-ness e 14 Text only 7 3 - - 2 2 - Villupuram Voice only ------Voice & Text both ------14 Total Messages 7 3 - - 2 2 Total farmers 49450 14612 - - 14370 13750 92182 Benefitted

6. Seed & Planting Material Production Quintal/Number Value Rs. Seed (q) 66.0325 435174 Planting material (No.) 63675 172202 Bio-Products (kg) 769.5 75325 Livestock Production (No.) 8.0 52800 Fishery production (No.) 11.5 1380

7. Soil, water & plant Analysis Samples No. of Beneficiaries Value Rs. Soil 435 12300 Water 8 - Plant 5 - Total 448 12300

8. HRD and Publications Sr. No. Category Number 1 Workshops 4 2 Conferences 3 3 Meetings 24 4 Trainings for KVK officials 2 5 Visits of KVK officials 5 6 Book published 3 7 Training Manual 6 8 Book chapters 4 9 Research papers - 10 Lead papers 1 11 Seminar papers 7 12 Extension folder 9 13 Proceedings 1 14 Award & recognition 8 15 On going research projects 2

3

DETAIL REPORT OF Annual Progress Report 2018-19

1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE KVK

1.1. Name and address of KVK with phone, fax and e-mail Address Telephone E mail Office FAX Krishi Vigyan Kendra 04147 250001 04147 250001 Email : Tamil Nadu Agricultural University 04147250002 [email protected] Tindivanam, Website : www.kvkvillupuram.org Villupuram District – 604 002

1.2 .Name and address of host organization with phone, fax and e-mail Address Telephone E mail Office FAX Tamil Nadu Agricultural University 0422 6611233 091-0422-6611433 [email protected] Coimbatore – 641 003 [email protected] www.tnau.ac.in

1.3. Name of the Programme Coordinator with phone & mobile No Name Telephone / Contact Residence Mobile Email Dr.V.K.Satya, Ph. D., - 9943079668 [email protected]

1.4. Year of sanction: 2003-04 (No.16-12/2003-AE-I-dated 16.8.2003, AE-I-dated 22.3.04 from ICAR, New Delhi)

4 1.5. Staff Position (as on 31th March, 2019)

Highest Date of Qualificat joining Catego ion KVK Permanent ry Sl. Sanctioned Name of the Pay Designation M/F Discipline (for PC, Basic pay /Temporar (SC/ST/ No. post incumbent Scale SMS and y OBC/ Prog. Others) Asstt.) 1 Programme Dr. V.K. Satya Programme F Plant Ph.D 15600- 22830+7000 16.06.2017 Permanent MBC Coordinator Coordinator Pathology 39100+AGP7000 (Plant (i/c) Pathology) 2 SMS Dr.M. Jegadeesan Assistant M Agricultural Ph.D 15600- 25610+7000 15.03.2019 Permanent SC (Agro.Forst./P Professor Extension 39100+AGP7000 B&G/SST) 3 SMS (Agron. Dr. S. Sangeetha Assistant F Agricultural Ph.D 15600- 22830+7000 21.07.2014 Permanent SC & Agr.Ext.) Professor Extension 39100+AGP7000 4 SMS Dr. M. Assistant M Animal M.V.Sc 15600- 17610+6000 01.08.2014 Permanent SC (Agriculture Balumahendiran Professor Husbandry (Microbiol 39100+AGP6000 Engineering) ogy) 5 SMS Dr. S. Ramadass Training M Agronomy Ph.D 36000 - 28.02.2018 Temporary MBC (Agric.Extn./A Assistant (Consolidated gronomy) pay) 6 SMS Dr. M. Prabu Training M Horticulture Ph.D 36000 - 04.10.2018 Temporary MBC (Horticulture) Assistant (Consolidated pay) 7 SMS (Home VACANT ------Science) 8 Programme Mr. C. Programme M Agriculture M.Sc. 35900 - 113500 55800 13.08.2015 Permanent BC Assistant( Lab Venkateswaran Assistant (ENS) Tech.) (Technical)

5 9 Programme Mrs. A. Programme F Computer M. Sc 35900 - 113500 54200 12.11.2012 Permanent MBC Assistant Vijayalakshmi Assistant Science (Comp. (Computer)/ (Computer) Sci.), B.Ed. 10 Farm Mrs. S. Kamaladevi Farm F Horticulture M. Sc 35900 - 113500 42800 11.03.2013 Permanent SC Manager/ Manager (Hort.) with NET 11 Office Supdt. Miss. P. Priya Junior F Computer MCA 19500- 62000 20100 23.01.2018 Temporary BC cum Assistant application Accountant cum Typist 12 Stenographer Mrs. S. Gayathri Junior F - B.Com 19500- 62000 20100 26.02.2018 Temporary BC Grade -III Assistant cum Typist 13 Driver Th. R. Mohan Driver M - - 19500- 62000 32200 13.04.2015 Permanent MBC 14 Driver cum Th. P. Raja Driver cum M - - 15700 - 50000 26800 01.03.2006 Permanent MBC Mechanic Mechanic 15 Supporting Th. K. Mechanic M - - 15700 - 50000 27600 01.03.2010 Permanent MBC staff Grade -I Uthiramoorthy 16 Supporting Th. N.Arumugam Skilled M - - 15900 - 50400 32300 01.05.2016 Permanent BC staff Grade -I labour

6

1.6. Total land with KVK (in ha): 16.8 ha

S. No. Item Area (ha) 1 Under Buildings 02.4 2. Under Demonstration Units 0.4 3. Under Crops 11.2 4. Orchard/Agro-forestry 2.8 5. Others (specify) - Total 16.8

1.7. Infrastructural Development:

A) Buildings

Source Stage of Complete Incomplete S. Name of building funding Plinth Plinth No. Completion Expenditure Starting Status of area area Date (Rs.) Date construction (Sq.m) (Sq.m) 1. Administrative ICAR 1.8.2007 550 39.85 - - - Building 2. Farmers Hostel ICAR 1.8.2007 305 25.75 - - - 3. Staff Quarters ICAR 1.8.2007 400 32.00 - - - (6 Nos.) 4. Demonstration Units ICAR 1.8.2007 40 4.00 1.7.06 160 Completed 5 Fencing ICAR 1.8.07 250m 2.00 1.7.06 - Completed 6 Rain Water ------harvesting system 7 Threshing floor ------8 Farm godown ------9 Shed (Farm - 2004 (old 40 - - - - equipment) structure renovated)

B) Vehicles Type of vehicle Year of purchase Cost (Rs.) Total kms. Run Present status Tractor with accessories 2005 318150 7438.5 hrs Good Two wheeler (TVS Starcity) 2006 34028 39822 Good Two wheeler (TVS Scooty pep+) 2009 35371 39407 Good Bolero Jeep 2012 526477 147494 Good

C) Equipments & AV aids

Year of Name of the equipment Cost (Rs.) Present status purchase OHP with accessories 2004 24,850 To be condemned Slide projector with accessories 2006 24,730 To be condemned Xerox machine 2006 74,630 To be condemned Computer with accessories 2006 74,950 To be condemned Digital camera with accessories 2007 20,000 To be condemned Digital camera with accessories 2011 25000 Good Computer accessories including LCD 2007 1,00,000 Good Plant Health diagnostic facility BOD Incubator + Stabilizer-Pricillab 2011 42432 Good

7 pH Meter-Elico 2011 5481 Good Dessicator-Kasablanca 2011 2564 Good Stereo Zoom microscope-Olympus 2011 85306 Good Magnifier-Ajay 2011 5834 Good Hot air oven-Pricillab 2011 19448 Good Deep freezer-Voltas 2011 24752 Good UPS –Microtek with backup exide 2011 26520 Good Glass distillation apparatus+ RO system 2011 38896 Good (Pricillab+Dolphin) Polarimeter-Erma 2011 2386.8 Good Wall table-Pricillab 2011 62764 Good Sink with table 2011 10608 Good Wall cupboard 2011 22100 Good Revolving stool 2011 8840 Good Electrical installation 2011 10608 Good Air conditioner 2.0 t-LG+stabilizer 2011 26520 Good Vertical louver 2011 13260 Good Separator 2011 15028 Good Refrigerated centrifuge-Biolab 2011 139672 Good Microwave oven-LG 8 lit 2011 7514 Good Analytical balance 200g-Wensar 2011 29172 Good Thermo hygrometer-Lutron 2011 751 Good Colony counter-Hintron 2011 4950 Good Autoclave-35lit-Obramax 2011 43316 Good Laminar air flow-Pricillab 2011 30940 Good Vortex mixer-Biolab 2011 4066 Good Shaker-Pricillab 2011 15028 Good Water bath-Pricillab 2011 5392 Good Portable autoclave-Obramax 2011 5304 Good Hot plate-induction-Prestige 2011 3094 Good Magnetic stirrer-Pricillab 2011 3094 Good UV chamber-Pricillab 2011 11404 Good Digital moisture meter-Concord 2011 7514 Good Display cabinet 2011 29172 Good Cold water supplier-Voltas 2011 11315 Good Slotted angle iron rack 2011 4508 Good Steel almirah 2011 23134 Good Revolving stool 2011 2121.6 Good RO System-Dolphin 2011 7956 Good Air conditioner + V. Stabilizer-LG+V guard 2011 25194 Good Vertical Louver 2011 10608 Good Vacuum cleaner-Eureka Forbes 2011 3536 Good Sink unit 2011 19121 Good Exhaust fan 2011 12730 Good LPG Setup 2011 8398 Good Wall storage cupboard-Pricillab 2011 5525 Good Wall side storage-Pricillab 2011 5525 Good Storage cabinet-Pricillab 2011 46630 Good Cabinet for conditioned storage of samples-LG+ 2011 10608 Good Vguard GPS Garmin-E Trex 2011 17680 Good Servo Stabilizer-2KVA 2011 6630 Good

8 Chaff cutter 2013 17400 Good Air conditionar with stabilizer 2017 414900 Good Furniture (Bureau, steel glass cabinet, library 2017 Good cabinet, wooden queen cots, sofa set) 99577 Camera 2017 28500 Good Public address system 2017 9980 Good LCD Projector 2017 69000 Good Photo copier 2017 69825 Good Brush cutter 2019 28000 Good Manual and battery operated Sprayer 2019 4500 Good Knapsack sprayer 2019 5500 Good Autoclave 2019 37170 Good

1.8. A). Details SAC meeting conducted in the year

Sl.No. Date No of Salient Participants Recommendations 1. 12.02.2019 38 21 Hos.

Proceedings of the X Scientific Advisory Committee meeting conducted at KVK, Tindivanam, Villupuram District on 12.02.2019 The 10th Scientific Advisory Committee meeting of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Villupuram was held on 12.02.2019 at 11.00 A.M under the Chairmanship of Dr. M. Jawarharlal, Director of Extension Education, TNAU, Coimbatore. The meeting was attended by the members, invited guests, PC and SMSs of KVK, Villupuram. S. No Name Position Post 1. Dr. M. Jawaharlal, Ph.D. Director of Extension Education, Chairman Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore – 641 003 2. Dr.A.Bhaskaran, Ph.D. Principal Scientist (Soil Science) Member ICAR-ATARI-X, Hyderabad 3. Dr. V.Ambethgar Ph. D. Director, Tamil Nadu Rice Research Member Institute, Aduthurai, Thanjavur Dist. 4. Dr. R. Vaidhyanathan, Ph.D. Professor and Head, Oilseeds Research Member Station, Tindivanam, VillupuramVillupuram Dt 5. Dr. K. Parameswari, Ph.D Programme Coordinator Member KVK, Tindivanam 6. Dr. M.Jayachandran, Ph.D Professor and Head, Member Sugarcane Research Station, Cuddalore 7. Dr. R. Manoharan, BVSc., Joint Director, Department of Animal Member Husbandry, Villupuram 8. Th. P. Shanmugam Deputy Director of Agriculture, Member Villupuram 9. Th.K. Anbazhagan Assistant Director of Horticulture, Member Villupuram 10. Dr. S. Vasanthakumar, Ph.D Programme Coordinator, Member Perunthalaivar Kamaraj Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pudhucherry

9 11. Th. E. Sankara Sekar Assistant Executive Engineer, Member Department of Agrl. Engineering Tindivanam 12. Th. K. Dhashanamoorthy Director, Member All India Radio, Pudhucherry 13. G. K. Murugan Programme Executive Member Doordarshan Kendra, Pudhucherry 14. Mrs. A. Kumari D/o. Annamalai, Senagunam Post Member Thirukoilur Taluk,Villupuram 15. Mrs.Anuradha W/o. M.Natarajan,134, Main Road Member Vikkiravandi block,Villupuram district 16. Mr.J.Janarthanan S/o. Jayaraman,Mandapam village Member Villpuram district 17. Mr. Iyyanar S/o. M.Ramamoorthy, Kandamangalam Member PO, Villupuram district

Invitees 18. Dr. K. Sathiya, Ph.D Assistant Professor (Agronomy), - ORS, Tindivanam 19. Dr. R. Brindavathy, Ph.D Assistant Professor (Microbiology), - ORS, Tindivanam 20. Dr. V. Vijayageetha, Ph.D Assistant Professor (Seed - Technology), ORS, Tindivanam 21. Dr. P.C. Prabu Assistant Professor (ENS), ORS, - Tindivanam 22. M. Rajkumar, Ph.D Professor (Plant Pathology), ORS, - Tindivanam 23. Dr. M. Vaithiyalaingam, Ph.D Assistant Professor (PBG), ORS, - Tindivanam 24. K. Somu Organic farmer ,Kani nilam thottam - Seenuvasapuram, Kumulam Villupuram District- 605107 25. K. Jayaganthan Vermicompost producer, Adhanapattu - village,Villupuram District 26. Mr. A. Gajendiren Keelsithamur, Villupuram District -

27. Mr. N. Vengadavaradhan Villupuram -

28. Mr. Gnana Poopathiraja CCA, AIR, Pudhucherry -

29. Mr. D. Senthil Kumar Programme Executive (Farm& - Home), AIR, Pudhucherry 30. Mr. K. Periyannan, Forest Range Officer - Tindivanam Range, Tindivanam 31. Mr. G. Elumalai Forest Guard, Tindivanam Range - Tindivanam Staff of KVK, Villupuram 32. Dr. V.K. Satya, Ph.D Assistant Professor (Plant Pathology) - 33. Dr. S. Sangeetha Ph.D Assistant Professor (Agrl. Ext.) - 34. Dr. S. Ramadass, Ph.D Training Assistant (Agronomy) - 35. M. Prabu, Ph.D Training Assistant (Horticulture) - 36. Mrs. Kamaladevi Farm Manager -

10 37. Th. C. Venkateswaran Programme Assistant (Tech.) - 38. Mrs. A. Vijayalakshmi Programme Assistant (Computer) -

Dr. K. Parameswari, Programme Coordinator, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Villupuram welcomed the Chairman and the members. The proceeding was taken by the Chairman after a brief self introduction by the participants. The chairman suggested that KVK may facilitate the millet farmers to market their value added products in educational institutes, KVK staff members may attend the training programme on elite production of Turmeric seedlings under portray method, creation of model village to showcase the complete package of practices for major crops and a study may be conducted to analyze the economics of Banana intercrop with Marigold. Dr.A.Bhaskaran, Principal Scientist (Soil Science), ICAR – Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute (ATARI – X), Hyderabad appreciated the KVK staff members for effective dissemination of technologies in linkage with line departments and further he suggested periodically to update the KVK activities in KVK portal and encouraged the new farmers to attend the training programmes. Dr. V.Ambethgar, Director, Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai advised the KVK staff members to work towards minimizing the technological gap to uplift the socio economic status of farmers. Dr.R.Vaidhyanathan, Professor and Head, Oilseeds Research Station, Tindivanam suggested to create awareness on seed treatment among the groundnut farmers to prevent the crown and collar rot. Followed by, Dr. M.Jayachandran, Professor and Head, Sugarcane Research Station, Cuddalore instructed to encourage the Sugarcane farmers for following of machine harvest in sugarcane. During this event, the Chairman released two booklets on” Climate Resilient Technologies’ and KVK, Villupuram – At a glance” in Tamil and one CD on Success stories of KVK farmers. A report on activities and achievements of KVK during 2017-18 was circulated among the members to facilitate effective discussion. The activities namely trainings, OFTs, FLDs, etc., taken up during 2017-18 and proposed activities of 2018-19 in the area of agronomy, horticulture, soil science, plant protection and animal husbandry were presented by the Programme Coordinator of the KVK. After the presentation, discussion was held on different aspects and suggestions for improvement were sought. The Chairman made his critical observations after listening to each member present in the meeting. All the important suggestions that emerged during the proceeding have been presented in the table given below. At the end of the meeting, Dr. V.K.Satya, SMS (Plant Pathology) proposed vote of thanks.

11 Salient Recommendations of 10th Scientific Advisory Committee

S. No Salient recommendation Suggested by 1. A study may be conducted to assess the economics of Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, successful Integrated Farming System (IFS) maintained by TNAU, Coimbatore KVK farmer Mr. A. Gajendran and this IFS model may be disseminated to other rural youths 2. Newly released varieties of agricultural and horticultural Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, crops may be proposed as Front Line Demonstration to TNAU, Coimbatore disseminate among the Villupuram district farmers 3. On farm trials may be proposed on assessment of salient Dr. A. Bhaskaran, tolerant paddy varieties TRY 3, CSR 36 based on the Principal Scientist, consumer preference and marketing ATARI, Hyderabad 4. On the implementation of FLD programmes, the relevant Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, literatures may be prepared distributed to the beneficiaries TNAU, Coimbatore 5. Blackgram variety VBN 8 may be demonstrated under Dr. A. Bhaskaran, summer irrigated condition in Villupuram district Principal Scientist, ATARI, Hyderabad 6. The success story of KVK IFS farmer Mr. Gajendran may be Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, sent to Ulavarin Valarum Velanmai TNAU, Coimbatore 7. KVK Nutritional garden should be upgraded with multi Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, nutrient value crops TNAU, Coimbatore 8. A backyard poultry breed Krishibro may be demonstrated Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, through FLD TNAU, Coimbatore 9. Laser irrigation system established at KVK instructional farm Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, may be extended in the farmers field TNAU, Coimbatore 10. Protray seedling production in turmeric may be proposed as Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, FLD TNAU, Coimbatore 11. The successful outcome of OFT on assessment of foliar Dr. A. Bhaskaran, nutrient in Blackgram may be proposed as FLD for further Principal Scientist, dissemination ATARI, Hyderabad 12. The successful outcome of OFT on intercropping system of Dr. A. Bhaskaran, Tapioca with groundnut may be refined to assess the fertilizer Principal Scientist, requirement ATARI, Hyderabad 13. FLD may be proposed on Tapioca intercropping with small Th. Anbazhagan, onion Assistant Director of Horticulture, Villupuram 14. An exclusive training programme may be organized to impart Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, knowledge on complete package of practices on cultivation of TNAU, Coimbatore gourds in collaboration with VRS, Palur and Dept. of Horticulture 15. OFT may be conducted to assess the performance of various Dr. A. Bhaskaran, decomposer in sugarcane trash decomposting Principal Scientist, ATARI, Hyderabad

12 16. Farmers database should be updated and send to the Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, Directorate of Extension Education TNAU, Coimbatore 17. Agro advisories information may be delivered through All Director, All India India Radio, Pondicherry Radio, Puducherry 18. Line departmental schemes may be disseminated through Dr. M.Jawaharlal, DEE, literatures among the farmers TNAU, Coimbatore 19. The successful farmers/entrepreneur may be engaged as Mr. R. Iyyanar, resource person in Livestock management training Progressive farmer programmes 20. Training programme on IFS may be conducted in off campus Mr. J. Janarthanan, mode Progressive farmer Organic farmers may be linked for better marketing of Mrs. N. Anuradha, 21. organic products Progressive farmer

2. DETAILS OF DISTRICT (2018-19)

2.0. Operational jurisdiction of KVKs (Andhra Pradesh & Telangana only)/ Give names of districts& Tehsils

2.1 Major farming systems/enterprises (based on the analysis made by the KVK)

S. No Farming system/enterprise a. Wet land Rice – Rice – Sesame/Pulses/Groundnut (June – July) (Aug – Sept) (March – April) Sugarcane (Dec – Jan) b. Garden land Groundnut/Millets - Groundnut – Sesame (June – Sept) (Oct –Jan) (Feb – March) c. Dry land Groundnut/Millets – Groundnut / Sesame / Pulses (June – Sept.) (Oct.-Jan) d. Other crops Cotton, Tapioca, Brinjal, Gourds, Chillies, Watermelon, Cashew, Casuarina, Banana, Mango, Guava, Coconut, Tuberose, Button Rose, Crossandra, Jasmine e. Other enterprises EDP-Home products, toy making, turmeric, flower crop and agro-forestry nursery, cashew processing, dairy farming, goat and sheep rearing.

2.2 Description of Agro-climatic Zone & major agro ecological situations (based on soil and topography)

S. No Agro-climatic Zone Characteristics 1. North Eastern Zone The District is situated between 8.5’ and 13.2’ of North latitude and 15’and 80.22’East longitude. The normal annual rainfall of 1029.4 mm is received in 63rainy days The north eastern season provides maximum amount of 601 mm

13 rainfall in 29 rainy days followed by southwest monsoon contributing 294 mm in 24 rainy days. The major soil types are red loam and clay loam. Black soils are present in limited extent and coastal alluvial soils occur along the sea coast. In coastal taluks have saline and alkaline soils of about 12,000 ha. They are distributed in patches. The climate in the Zone is basically semi arid tropical. The hottest months are April-June and the cold climate prevails during December and January. The average minimum temperature varies from 19.5º C to 24.8 º C. It has a wet period of 7 months and dry period of 5 months in a year. The relative humidity is highest during the months of October- November.

S. No Agro ecological Characteristics situation 1 North Eastern Zone 1. Red non calcareous – Low rainfall – Low Elevation 2. Red non calcareous – Low rainfall – Medium Elevation 3. Red non calcareous – Medium rainfall – Low Elevation 4. Red non calcareous – Medium rainfall –Medium Elevation 5. Red non calcareous – High rainfall – Low Elevation 6. Red calcareous – Low rainfall – Low Elevation 7. Red calcareous – Low rainfall – Medium Elevation 8. Red calcareous – Medium rainfall – Low Elevation 9. Red calcareous – Medium rainfall –Medium Elevation 10. Red calcareous – High rainfall – Low Elevation 11. Black non calcareous – Medium rainfall – Low Elevation 12. Black non calcareous – Medium rainfall – Medium Elevation 13. Black calcareous – Low rainfall – Medium Elevation 14. Black calcareous – Medium rainfall – Low Elevation 15. Black calcareous – Medium rainfall – Medium Elevation 16.Coastal saline alkaline and swamp – Medium rainfall – Low Elevation

2.3 Soil types

S. No Soil type Characteristics Area in ha 1 Shallow, red gravelly loam soils Hills and uplands 20823.38 2 Shallow, red gravelly clay soils 4747.85 3 Medium deep, red gravelly clay soils 3561.07 4 Deep to very deep, red clay soils 42195.97 5 Medium deep, clay soils Plains 46469.22 6 Medium deep, red gravelly clay soils 89779.93 7 Deep to vey deep, red loamy soils 138699.01 8 Deep, calcareous clayey soils (low lands) 123436.87 9 Very deep, Sandy soils 7752.15 10 Very deep, lateritic clayey soils 7137.11

14 11 Very deep, calcareous black soil 183661.52 12 Deep to very deep, black soils 19828.90 13 Rocky lands 133314.36 14 Marshy lands 6101.09

2.4. Area, Production and Productivity of major crops cultivated in the district for 2018-19 * (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu & Puducherry)/for jurisdiction districts in case of Telangana

Kharif S. No Crop Area (ha) Production (Qtl) Productivity (Qtl /ha) 1 Paddy 8753 371480 42.44 2 Bajra 35030 885280 25.27 3 Ragi 2758 75620 27.42 4 Maize 24642 2250550 91.33 6 Blackgram 22596 205623 9.10 7 Turmeric 2100 210000 100.0

Rabi S. No Crop Area (ha) Production (Qtl) Productivity (Qtl /ha) 1 Paddy 115940 5167450 44.57 2 Greengram 2083 14330 6.88 3 Black gram 67788 623649 9.20 4 Sugarcane 57000 63270000 1110 5 Groundnut 51000 1337730 26.23 6 Cotton 8600 160990 18.72 7 Gingelly 8379 55460 662 8 Tapioca 12400 3968000 220

Summer S. No Crop Area (ha) Production (Qtl) Productivity (Qtl /ha) 1 Paddy 42970 186962 43.51 2 Gingelly 363 2396 662

2.5. Weather data Month Rainfall (mm) Temperature 0 C Relative Humidity (%) Maximum Minimum April 2018 0 36.2 27.0 65.2 May 2018 10.78 37.6 28.2 71.4 June 2018 39 37.8 27.7 67.1 July 2018 26 36.4 25.6 68.6 August 2018 87.4 33.6 24.5 81.0 September 2018 116.1 33.3 25.7 77.5 October 2018 167.3 31.0 25.1 82.5 November 2018 156.2 28.8 24.2 81.3 December 2018 17.9 28.2 22.7 79.1

15 January 2019 0 29.7 20.2 70.9 February 2019 0 32.6 20.5 65.4 March 2019 0 36.2 22.5 62.3

2.6. Production and productivity of livestock, Poultry, Fisheries etc. in the district

Category of livestock Population (Nos.) Production (Nos.) Productivity Cattle – Cross bred 671581 3693695 5.5 litres/day Cattle – Indigenous 113685 170527 1.5 litres/day Buffaloes 17714 38970 2.2 litres/day Sheep 244582 3424148 14 kg/animal Goat 400110 6401760 16 kg/animal Pig 15218 1065260 70 kg/animal Rabbits 4288 6432 1.5 kg/animal Backyard Poultry (Meat) 1230856 1846284 1.5 kg/bird Backyard Poultry (Eggs) 651154 45580780 70 eggs Farm Poultry 1578960 3473712 2.2 kg/bird Fish - Marine 25714 Million 845990 Million 32. 9 MT Fish - Inland 600 2400000 2.4 MT

2.7 Details of Adopted Villages (2018-19)

Sl.No. Taluk/ Name of Name of the Year of Major Major problem Identified Thrust mandal the block village adoption crops & identified Areas enterprises KVK adopted villages 1 Tindivanam Olakkur Pangulathur 2018 Paddy, Lack of knowledge Integrated pest and Pulses, on new variety disease management oilseeds, Yield loss due to Crop management vegetables Pest and disease Seed Production

2 Tindivanam Marakanam Mariamangalam 2018 Paddy, Lack of knowledge Integrated pest and Pulses, on new variety disease management oilseeds, Yield loss due to Crop management flowers, Pest and disease Seed Production vegetables DFI villages 1 Tindivanam Marakanam Enthur 2018 Paddy, Lack of knowledge Integrated pest and Pulses, on new variety disease management oilseeds, Yield loss due to Crop management flowers, Pest and disease Seed Production vegetables Low income Entrepreneurial development

2.8 Priority/thrust areas

Crop/Enterprise Thrust area Paddy,Groundnut, Pulses Crop improvement - introducing new varieties

16 Rural employment Empowerment of rural youth and women Paddy Groundnut ,Pulses Recent crop production and protection technologies Use of biofertilizers Utilization of bio-inoculants for sustainability Integrated Nutrient Management Rural awareness programmes on recent agrochemicals and micro nutrients Resource recycling Bio-composting , NRM & Bio-fertigation Paddy, Groundnut Farm mechanization Subsistence farming Sustainable agriculture by IFS and resource conservation Food processing Value addition in food products Seed production Seed production & Drought management Groundnut , sugarcane , Paddy Integrated nutrient management and IWM and Integrated pest and disease management Green fodder Fodder technology Demonstration Turmeric Integrated pest and disease management Watermelon Integrated pest and disease management Poultry Empowering Rural backyard poultry Cattle Profitable dairy Farming Buffalo Nutritional management of young ones Buffalo Breeding management

2.9 Salient Achievements of (April 2018-March, 2019) (Mandated activities/ Projects)

S.No Activity Target Achievement 1. Technologies Assessed and refined(No.) 10 10 2. On-farm trials conducted (No.) 10 10 3. Frontline demonstrations conducted (No.) 14 12 4. Farmers trained (in Lakh) 0.01455 0.01744 5. Extension Personnel trained (No.) 270 663 6. Participants in extension activities (in Lakh) 0.04500 0.06651 7. Production of Seed (in Quintal) 136 66.0325 8. Planting material produced (in Lakh) 0.01 0.63175 9. Live-stock strains and finger lings produced (in 20 8 Lakh) 10. Soil, Water, plant, manures samples tested (in Lakh) 0.00550 0.00418 11. Mobile agro-advisory provided to farmers (in Lakh) - 0.92182 12. No.of Soil Health Cards issued by Mini Soil Testing 250 189 Kits (No.) 13. No.of Soil Health Cards issued by Traditional 300 229 Laboratory (No.)

Give Salient Achievements by KVK during the year in bullet points:  KVK facilitated to form “Villupuram district organic farmer’s Society “(Sl/ No. 162/2017) for the benefit of organic farmers.  An innovative “Phone in live Programme “ has been started for the benefit of farming community. Totally 495 quires were addressed

17  KVK providing technical guidance to FPOs viz., Raja Desingu Farmer Producer Company Ltd., and Manimuthah Farmers Producers Company for producing and selling of their farm produce.  Through KMAS, approximately 527 messages were sent and 6272 farmers were benefited.  Four Commodity Interest Groups on millets have been formed and Millet entrepreneur have been developed under INSIMP scheme. 3. TECHNICAL ACHIEVEMENTS

3.A. Details of target and achievements of mandatory activities by KVK during 2018-19

OFT (Technology Assessment) FLD (crop/enterprise/CFLDs) 1 2 Number of technologies Total no. of Trials Area in ha Number of Farmers Targets Achievement Targets Achievement Targets Achievement Targets Achievement 10 10 90 90 14 12 195 175

Training (including sponsored, vocational and other trainings carried Extension Activities under Rainwater Harvesting Unit) 3 4 Number of Courses Number of Participants Number of Number of activities participants Clientele Targets Achievement Targets Achievemen Targets Achieve Targets Achieve t ment ment Farmers 20 33 1455 1578 620 620 4896 4896 Rural youth 2 4 100 110 149 149 452 452 Extn. 6 10 220 663 10 10 69 69 Functionaries

Seed Production (Qtl.) Planting material (Nos.) 5 6 Target Achievement Distributed to no. of Target Achievement Distributed to no. farmers of farmers 66.0325 66.0325 164 63675 63675 74

3.b. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT Summary of technologies assessed under various crops by KVKs Source of No. of No. of Thematic areas Crop Name of the technology assessed technology farmers trials with year Integrated Nutrient Management Varietal Evaluation Redgram Assessment of high yielding redgram variety BARC 2011, 5 5 suitable for Villupuram district TNAU, 2018, IARI, 2015 Ridge Assessing performances of Ridge gourd hybrids IIHR, 2016, 10 10 gourd in Villupuram TNAU, 2018 Marigold Assessment of Marigold varieties suitable for IIHR, 2014 10 10 Villupuram District and 2017 Integrated Pest Pulses Assessment of Seed storage techniques to TNAU, 2013 5 5 Management manage Bruchids in Pulses ICRISAT, 2015 Integrated Crop

18 Management Integrated Disease Paddy Assessment of management practices for disease TNAU, 2012 10 10 Management complex in rice KAU, 2014 Chilli Assessment of bio intensive management of wilt TNAU, 2012 10 10 disease and nematode complex in chilli IIHR, 2010 Small Scale Income Generation Enterprises Weed Management Resource Conservation Technology Farm Machineries Integrated Farming System Seed / Plant production Post Harvest Technology / Value addition Drudgery Reduction Storage Technique Others (Pl. specify) ICT tools Assessing the effectiveness of e-extension Informatics, 15 15 methods in terms of knowledge gain and skill TNAU, acquisition and symbolic adoption behavior http://vikasped among the rural youth ia.in/index ICT tools Assessing the effectiveness of different mobile GOI 10 10 apps in terms of knowledge gain and agro advisory services Total 75 75

Summary of technologies assessed under livestock by KVKs Name of the No. of Name of the Thematic areas livestock No. of trials farmers technology assessed enterprise Disease Management Cows Assessment of 10 10 induction of oestrus in post-partum anestrus cows Evaluation of Breeds Poultry Assessment of suitable 5 5 poultry bird for backyard rearing Feed and Fodder management Nutrition Management Production and Management Others (Pl. specify) Total 15 15

Summary of technologies assessed under various enterprises by KVKs Source of No. of Thematic Enterprise Name of the technology assessed technology No. of trials farmers areas with year Nil

19 3.c. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

3.c.1. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area: Varietal assessment 2. Title: Assessment of high yielding Redgram variety suitable for Villupuram district 3. Scientists involved: Dr.S.Sangeetha, SMS (AEX) 4. Details of farming situation: On Farm Trial was conducted in Kattusiviri village of Mailam block to assess the high yielding Redgram variety. The village has wetland, garden land and dry land systems. The village is noted for erratic monsoon. Bulk of precipitation is received in the North East Monsoon as has been for the district. The village suffers due to intense heat during summer. The crops are raised during kharif and summer face intermittent drought. Rabi is the major cropping season in the village. The soil type of the village is Red soil. Paddy, Pulses and Oilseeds are the major crops extensively cultivated in the village. Vegetable and flower crops are also cultivated in the village. Redgram is the third most important pulse crop in the village cultivating next to the Blackgram and Greengram. Good land preparations are necessary for better yield of red gram. Land should be ploughed in summer followed by two to three harrowing at pre- monsoon for kharif season. Land should be well leveled.

5. Problem definition / discription:

 Non adoption of new variety  Low yield in existing redgram variety  Lack of knowledge on ICM practices

6. Technology Assessed: TO 1 – Farmers variety TO 2 – TT 404 TO 3 – CO 8 TO 4 – Pusa arka

7. Critical inputs given:

S.No. Critical input Quantity Amount (Rs.) 1. Seeds 9 kg 1080 2. Rhizobium 3 kg 150 3. Phosphobacteria 3 kg 150 4. T. viride 3 kg 300 5. Pulse wonder 12 kg 2400 Total 4080

8. Results:

Table : Performance of the technology

No.of Yield Net Returns B:C Technology Option trials (t/ha) (Rs. in lakh./ha) ratio Farmers variety 5 1.40 48500 2.14 TT 404 5 2.42 101800 3.39 CO 8 5 2.02 88800 3.08 Pusa arka 5 1.63 63450 2.49

20 Description of the results:

The farmers obtained more yield from TT 404 that is 2.42 t/ha. Whereas CO 8 Redgram variety yields 2.02 t/ha and Pusa arka yields 1.63 t/ha. The farmers got only 1.40 t/ha of yield from their variety.

9. Feed back of the farmers involved:

TT 404 and CO 8 Redgram varieties performed well when compare to the Pusa arka and Farmers variety. These variety also fetches fair price in the market

10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: CO 8 Redgram variety duration is low when compare to the other varieties. It matures in 120 days.

3.c.2. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area : Varietal Assessment 2. Title : Assessing performances of ribbed gourd varieties in villupuram district 3. Scientists involved : Dr. K. Parameswari, Programme Coordinator Training assistant (Horticulture) 4. Details of farming situation: Ribbed gourd is all seasonal vegetable crop usually being cultivated in Villupuram district during kharif and rabi season. Because of the geographical location of Villupuram district which is nearer to Chennai, it can easily supply the quantum of ribbed gourd required in koyambedu market with reasonable price. Farmers cultivating ribbed gourd in Villupuram district facing problems in identifying suitable high yielding ribbed gourd hybrid. Private seed companies are the only firms producing ribbed gourd variety and selling it in exorbitant cost. But the germination (%) is too low when comparing its cost. Finally it affects the BCR of the ribbed gourd growers by giving low yield. In order to identify the suitable ribbed gourd hybrid with seed and high yield, an OFT was formulated and implemented at Theevanur village, Mailam Block. Soil type is typical red soil. The fertility status of soil is N: 250, P: 18, K: 280 kg/ha. The amount of rainfall received is 750 mm with 52 to 61 rainy days. 5. Problem definition / description Non adoption of high yielding ribbed gourd varieties. Cultivating local cultivars have long time with obtaining low yield. It should Poor germination and high occurrence of male flowers in private varieties. High seed cost of private varieties. Private varieties which are being cultivated by farmers are having reduced flowering (%) which in turn gives low productivity. 6. Technology Assessed TO 1: Farmer’s practice (Private variety) TO 2: CO(Rg)H 1 (TNAU Coimbatore, 2018) TO 3: Arka Vikram (IIHR Bangalore, 2017)

7. Critical inputs given:

Sl No Name of the critical input Quantity Value ( in Rs) 1 Seeds 50 100 2 Rizobium 100 g 50 3 Phospho bacteria 100 g 50 4 Pesudomonas 1 kg 100 5 Fruit fly traps 1 Nos 250

21 8. Results:

Table : Performance of the technology Net Returns B:C ratio Number of No.of Technology Option Yield (t/ha) (Rs. in fruits per plant trials lakh./ha) Farmers Practice 22.17 1.20 2.5 8.77 Technology 1 (CO(Rg)H 1) 10 33.7 2.07 3.41 11.67 Technology 2 (Arka Vikram) 33.0 1.95 3.56 9.95

Description of the results: The data on number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and yield were recorded. The mean value of number of fruits per plant was 8.77 and fruit weight was 252.49 g in farmers’ practice. In CO(Rg)H 1 the mean value of number of fruits per plant was 11.67 and fruit weight was 309.94 g. CO(Rg)H 1 ribbed gourd hybrid recorded higher yield of 33.7 t /ha when compared to farmer’s practice (22.17 t/ha).

Constraints faced: Nil 9. Feed back of the farmers involved: Farmers satisfied with higher yield was more in CO(Rg)H 1 ribbed gourd hybrid. It fetches more price than the private variety. Arka Vikram also registered low pest incidence.

10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: CO(Rg)H 1and Arka Vikram were performed well under Villupuram district

3.c.3. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area : Varietal Assessment 2. Title : Assessment of high yielding marigold variety suitable for Villupuram district 3. Scientists involved : Dr. K. Parameswari, Programme Coordinator and Training assistant (Horticulture) 4. Details of farming situation: Marigold is one of the commercially exploited flower crop usually being cultivated in Villupuram district during kharif and rabi season. Apart from its significance in ornamental horticulture it has been valued for other purpose too. Because of the geographical location of Villupuram district which is nearer to Chennai, it can easily supply the quantum of marigold flower required in koyambedu market with reasonable price. Farmers cultivating marigold in Villupuram district facing problems in identifying suitable high yielding marigold variety. Private companies are the only firms producing marigold variety and selling it in exorbitant cost. Finally it affects the BCR of the marigold growers by giving low yield. In order to identify the suitable marigold variety with rooted cuttings and high yield, an OFT was formulated and implemented at Katalai village, Marakkanam Block. Soil type is typical Sandy loam. The fertility status of soil is N: 220, P: 15, K: 265 kg/ha. The amount of rainfall received is 375 mm in rainy days. 5. Problem definition / description Private varieties which are being cultivated by farmers are having reduced flowering (%) which in turn gives low productivity. The newly released marigold variety Arka Agini and Arka Bangara 2 from IIHR, Bangalore is known for its higher productivity with reasonable price. 6. Technology Assessed TO 1: Farmer’s practice (Private variety) TO 2: Arka Bangara 2 (IIHR Bangalore, 2017) TO 3: Arka Agini (IIHR Bangalore, 2014)

22 7. Critical inputs given:

Sl No Name of the critical input Quantity Value ( in Rs) 1 Seedlings 400 Nos 1200 2 Azospirillum 100 g 50 3 Phospho bacteria 100 g 50 4 Pesudomonas 1 kg 100

8. Results: Table : Performance of the technology Net Returns B:C ratio Technology Option No.of trials Yield (t/ha) (Rs. in lakh./ha) Farmers Practice 8.50 1.32 2.76 5 Technology 1 (Arka Bangara 2) 10.05 1.70 3.13 Technology 2 (Arka Agini) 12.01 2.20 3.74

Description of the results: The data on number of flower per plant, flower weight and yield were recorded. The mean value of number of flowers per plant was (126.31 g) and flower yield was 8.50 t/ha in farmers’ practice. In Arka Bangara 2 the mean value of number of flower per plant was 584.92 and flower yield was 10.05 t/ha. Arka Agini marigold variety recorded higher yield of 12.02 t /ha when compared to farmer’s practice (8.50 t/ha).

Constraints faced: Nil 9. Feed back of the farmers involved:  Yield was more in Arka Agini.  It fetches more price than the private variety.  Arka bangara 2 also registered low pest incidence.

3.c.4 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area: Pest and disease management 2. Title: Assessment of Seed storage techniques to manage Bruchids in Pulses 3. Scientists involved: Dr.V.K. Satya, SMS (Plant Pathology) 4. Details of farming situation: Pulses are important sources of protein, fats, carbohydrates, sugars and vitamin- B. Bruchids can infest seed in the field and continue to multiply during storage. Pest infested crops in storage quickly lose weight and quality and may cause considerable loss. In empty bins, these bruchids hide in cracks and crevices where they survive in residues until a newly harvested grain arrives. Of more than hundred species of stored-product insects, the pulse beetles, Callosobruchus maculatus are the most serious pests of pulses in tropical and subtropical countries. They infest pulses both in the field and in storage, causing considerable economic losses. Hence, the various storage techniques were assessed to manage bruchid in pulses. The trial was conducted at KVK, Tindivanam and farmers field at Enthur village of Marakanam block.

23 5. Problem definition / description: The pulse beetles, Callosobruchus maculatus are the most serious pests of pulses in tropical and subtropical countries. They infest pulses both in the field and in storage, causing considerable economic losses. 6. Technology Assessed: TO 1: Farmers practice – Gunny bags TO 2: Double gunny bags with 1% activated Kaolin (TNAU, 2013) TO 3: Hermetic storage bags (ICRISAT, 2015)

7. Critical inputs given:

Technology Name of Qty per Cost per No. of trials Total cost Assessed critical input trial trial (Rs.) (Rs.) TO1 : Farmers Practice 5 9350 TO2 : Jute gunny 12 Nos 600 bags Activated 3 kg 60 Kaolin Total 660 TO3 : Hermetic 3 Nos 225 storage bags Total cost for 825 one trial Field board 500

8. Results: Table : Performance of the technology Technology Option No. of trials Germination (%) Bruchid incidence (%) Initial After 3 Initial After 3 months months Farmers Practice 10 96 93 0 8.2 Technology 1(Double 96 95 0 0.0 gunny bags with 1% activated Kaolin) Technology 2(Hermetic 96 96 0 0.0 storage bags)

Description of the results: The trial is under progress.

Constraints faced: Nil

9. Feed back of the farmers involved:

10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology:

24

3.c.5 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area: Pest and disease management 2. Title: Assessment of management practices for disease complex in rice 3. Scientists involved: Dr.V.K. Satya, SMS (Plant Pathology) 4. Details of farming situation: Oryza sativa L. (rice) is recognized as one of the most important staple crop in the world and it provides the main source of energy for more than half of the world population. It is the major food crop in India. Rice is life, for most people living in Asia. In Villupuram district, Rice is the prime crop extensively cultivated in all three seasons, Sornavari, Samba and Navarai. The varieties cultivated are ADT 37, ADT 39, ADT 47, BPT 5204 and white ponni. However, susceptibility of these varieties to different diseases viz., blast, sheath blight, false smut and bacterial leaf blight is a major problem and causes high yield loss. The incidence of bacterial leaf blight and blast incidence was more and heavy yield loss occurred in rice during 2017-18. As the panicle initiation was coincided with rainy season, the neck blast incidence was occurred heavy. Hence, the suitable management practice for disease complex in rice was assessed. The trial was laid out at Aviyur village of Gingee block. The major crops grown are rice, groundnut and pulses. The farmers cultivated rice under irrigated condition with the irrigation source of tanks and wells. The major soil type in this village is sandy loamy soil. The available N:P:K in soil is 240:22:140 kg/ha. The land is prepared with two ploughing to give a fine tilth to soil. The field was flooded with water to a depth of 2.5 cm 1 or 2 days before ploughing and puddled the soil. The farm yard manure @ 12.5 t/ha is applied at the time of last ploughing. The seeds were treated with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10g/kg for better establishment of seedlings. The nursery was raised during last week of September 2018 and the transplanting was done during 3rd week of October 2018. The rainfall received during the cropping period is 520 mm from 17 rainy days.

5. Problem definition / description:

Disease incidence is a major problem in cultivation of rice. The diseases occurred are blast, sheath blight, bacterial leaf blight (BLB) and false smut. The blast disease caused by Magnaporthe grisea causing 10-40 per cent yield losses depending on environmental conditions and agronomical practices. As the panicle initiation was coincided with rainy season, the neck blast incidence was occurred heavy. BLB occurs at different growth stages of rice and is manifested by either leaf blight or “Kresek” (acute wilting of young plants) symptoms. Use of high nitrogenous fertilizers paved the way for occurrence of diseases. The farmers are not aware of the management practices for these diseases.

6. Technology Assessed: (give full details of technology as well as farmers practice)

TO 1: Farmers practice – Use of pesticides which is not related to the particular disease TO 2: ST with Pf 1 @ 10g/kg + Copper hydroxide@ 1.25 kg/ha at 30 and 60 DAT + Axozystrobin @ 500 ml/ha (TNAU, 2012) TO 3: Bleaching powder @ 5 kg/ha in irrigation water + Thiophanate @ 500g/ha (KAU, 2014)

25

7. Critical inputs given:

Technology Qty per Cost per No. of Total cost Name of critical input Assessed trial trial (Rs.) trials (Rs.) TO1 : Farmers Practice 10 (0.5 ac 12700 TO2 : per trial) Pseudomonas fluorescens 1 kg 100 Copper hydroxide 500 g 400 Axozystrobin 50 ml 350 Total 850 TO3 : Bleaching powder 2 kg 120 Thiophanate 200 g 250 Total 370 Grand total for one trial 1220 Field board 500

8. Results:

Table : Performance of the technology Technology Option No. of Yield Net return B:C ratio trials (t/ha) (Rs. in lakh) Farmers Practice 10 4.15 0.29892 1.73 Technology 1(ST with Pf 1 @ 10g/kg + 4.93 0.46880 2.12 Copper hydroxide@ 1.25 kg/ha at 30 and 60 DAT + Axozystrobin @ 500 ml/ha) Technology 2(Bleaching powder @ 5 4.65 0.41768 1.99 kg/ha in irrigation water + Thiophanate @ 500g/ha)

Other parameters

Technology Option Leaf blast Incidence of BLB Sheath (PDI) Neck blast (PDI) blight (%) (PDI) Farmers Practice 31.77 21.8 11.61 7.66 Technology 1(ST with Pf 1 @ 10g/kg + 4.43 3.90 5.60 1.78 Copper hydroxide@ 1.25 kg/ha at 30 and 60 DAT + Azoxystrobin @ 500 ml/ha) Technology 2(Bleaching powder @ 5 12.49 5.60 9.16 5.27 kg/ha in irrigation water + Thiophanate @ 500g/ha)

Description of the results:

Disease is the one of the most important threat in cultivation of rice. Various management practices were assessed to manage the disease complex in rice. Farmers are used to spray unrelated pesticides

26 to control the disease incidence. Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @10g/kg + foliar spray of copper hydroxide @ 1.25 kg/ha at 30 and 60 days after transplanting + foliar spray of Azoxystrobin @ 500 ml/ha at the time of first appearance of blast incidence reduced the incidence of blast, BLB and sheath blight to 86%, 52% and 76% respectively over control (farmers practice) and recorded the yield of 4.93t/ha which is 18.79% increased over control (4.15 t/ha).

Constraints faced: Nil

9. Feed back of the farmers involved:

Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @10g/kg + foliar spray of copper hydroxide @ 1.25 kg/ha at 30 and 60 days after transplanting + foliar spray of Azoxystrobin @ 500 ml/ha reduced the disease incidence. It is easy to follow and very effective.

10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @10g/kg + foliar spray of copper hydroxide @ 1.25 kg/ha at 30 and 60 days after transplanting + foliar spray of Azoxystrobin @ 500 ml/ha at the time of first appearance of blast incidence reduced the incidence of blast, BLB and sheath blight and increased the yield.

3.c.6 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area: Pest and disease management 2. Title: Assessment of bio intensive management of wilt disease and nematode complex in chilli 3. Scientists involved: Dr.V.K. Satya, SMS (Plant Pathology) 4. Details of farming situation:

Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important spice crops of India. Chilli is used for different purposes such as spice, vegetable, sauce and pickles. Chilli is a tropical and subtropical crop and is popularly known as wonder spice. Wilt diseases are caused by major fungal pathogens like Fusarium solani and causes severe crop losses alone or when they are associated with root knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. The disease is typically a soil borne one and the pathogens perpetuates in soil for a longer period of time. The chemical control of the soil borne diseases are frequently ineffective because of the physical and chemical heterogenity of the soil which may prevent the effective concentration of the chemical from reaching the pathogen and also it is un economical and hazardous to soil health. Hence, best potential biocontrol agents which colonize the rhizosphere for management of wilt nematode complex in chilli was assessed. The trial was laid out at Vitalapuram and Mariamangalam village of Marakanam block. The major crops grown are rice, groundnut, pandhal vegetables, brinjal and chilli. The farmers cultivated chilli under irrigated condition with the irrigation source of wells. The major soil type in this village is sandy loamy soil. The available N:P:K in soil is 128:40:220 kg/ha. The land is prepared with two ploughing to give a

27 fine tilth to soil. The farm yard manure @ 12.5 t/ha is applied at the time of last ploughing. The seeds were treated with Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10g/kg for better establishment of seedlings. The nursery was raised during last week of September 2018 to October 2018 and the transplanting was done during November 2018. The rainfall received during the cropping period is 630 mm from 17 rainy days.

5. Problem definition / description: Wilt diseases are caused by major fungal pathogens like Fusarium solani and causes severe crop losses alone or when they are associated with root knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. The nematode Meloidogyne spp. is also found to have association with Fusarium spp. inflicting severe losses to the chilli crop hence it is a complex disease. The wilt appears both in seedling and later stage but the highest mortality occurs at flowering and fruiting stage, as a result whole plant wilts leading to a complete loss. Although the disease first appears in patches in a field, it can extend to the entire field if chilli is cultivated repeatedly in the same field. The disease is typically a soil borne one and the pathogens perpetuates in soil for a longer period of time. The chemical control of the soil borne diseases are frequently ineffective because of the physical and chemical heterogenity of the soil which may prevent the effective concentration of the chemical from reaching the pathogen and also it is un economical and hazardous to soil health. Hence, best alternative measure is to look for potential biocontrol agents which colonize the rhizosphere.

6. Technology Assessed:

TO 1: Farmers practice – Use of pesticides which is not related to the particular disease TO 2: ST of P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg+Nursery bed treatment of Pf @ 20 g/sq.m + SA of Pf @ 2.5 kg/ha mixed with 50 kg vermicompost/ha at 30 & 60 DAS (TNAU, 2012) TO 3: ST of Trichorich – N @ 10g/kg + Nursery bed treatment of Trichorich - N @ 50 g/sq.m + SA of Trichorich - N @ 2.5 kg mixed with 50 kg vermicompost/ha at 30 & 60 DAS (IIHR, 2010)

7. Critical inputs given:

Technology Cost per No. of Total Name of critical Qty per Assessed trial (Rs.) trials cost input trial (Rs.) TO1 : Farmers Practice 10 (0.25 ac 11500 TO2 : per trial) Pseudomonas 4 kg 400 fluorescens Total 400 TO3 : Trichorich-N 4 kg 700 Total 700 Total cost for one 1100 demo Field board 500

28

8. Results:

Table : Performance of the technology Technology Option No. of Yield Net return B:C ratio Wilt (%) trials (t/ha) (Rs. in lakh) Farmers Practice 10 11.2 0.93204 3.26 28.9 Technology 1(ST of P. 13.17 1.15696 3.73 7.6 fluorescens @ 10 g/kg+Nursery bed treatment of Pf @ 20 g/sq.m + SA of Pf @ 2.5 kg/ha mixed with 50 kg vermicompost/ha at 30 & 60 DAS) Technology 2(ST of Trichorich 13.24 1.16536 3.75 7.2 – N @ 10g/kg + Nursery bed treatment of Trichorich - N @ 50 g/sq.m + SA of Trichorich - N @ 2.5 kg mixed with 50 kg vermicompost/ha at 30 & 60 DAS)

Description of the results: Wilt disease is the one of the most important threat in cultivation of chilli. Various biocontrol agents were assessed to manage the wilt disease complex in chilli. Farmers are used to apply granules to control the wilt disease which killed beneficial microorganisms in soil and affected the soil fertility. Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @10g/kg and soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 2.5 kg/ha mixed with 50 kg vermicompost/ha at 30 & 60 DAS or Trichorich-N reduced the wilt incidence to 73% and 75% respectively over control (farmers practice) and recorded the yield of 13.17 t/ha and 13.24 t/ha which is 15% increased over control (11.2 t/ha).

Constraints faced: Nil 9. Feed back of the farmers involved: Pseudomonas fluorescens @10g/kg and soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 2.5 kg/ha mixed with 50 kg vermicompost/ha at 30 & 60 DAS or Trichorich –N reduced the wilt disease incidence. But the getting of Trichorich – N is very difficult. 10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: Pseudomonas fluorescens @10g/kg and soil application of Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 2.5 kg/ha mixed with 50 kg vermicompost/ha at 30 & 60 DAS or Trichorich –N reduced the wilt disease incidence and increased the yield.

29 3.c.7. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area: Technology evaluation (ICT tools in Agriculture) 2. Title: Assessing the effectiveness of e-extension methods in terms of knowledge gain and skill acquisition and symbolic adoption behavior among the rural youth 3. Scientists involved: Dr.S.Sangeetha, SMS (AEX) 4. Details of farming situation: On Farm Trial was conducted in Pangulathur village of Olakkur block to assess the effectiveness various e- extension methods among the farming community. Olakkur block is one of the agrarian based blocks of Villupuram district with more than 60 % of the population engaged in Agriculture and allied activities for their livelihood. Paddy is the principal crop extensively cultivated in all three seasons namely Sornavari, Samba and Navarai. Groundnut, Pulses are also highly adopted by the farmers of Olakkur block. Vegetables are important horticultural crop and cultivated all over the block during Adipattam (July – August) and Thaipattam (January – February). The vegetables are cultivated under irrigated condition. Now a day’s most of the farmers are using smart phones but they are not aware about latest Information and Communication Tools (ICT) available for agriculture. For this on farm trial the smart phone users were selected and they were given with ICT application. ICT has many potential applications in delivering agricultural extension and can bring new information services to rural areas. ICT tools can help in meeting the challenges in agricultural development in Agriculture Information, Awareness and Education using ICT, Advanced information about adverse weather condition, so that farmers can take precautionary measures. Real time and near real times pricing and market information. Information dissemination about various government schemes. Information regarding agrifinance, agriclinicls and agribusiness. This on farm trail focused on application ICT in agricultural crop production technologies.

5. Problem definition / description:

Present technology transfer mechanism has lot of constraints including limited staff, wider coverage and multi diverse cropping system. In this situation the farmers are struggling lot to find instant solution to their farming problems. If the farmers wants to meet the experts personally they have to spend more to reach them. Hence the various organizations have initiated ICT application in agriculture to meet the farmers need. To assess the performance of these ICT technologies the present OFT was conducted.

6. Technology Assessed:

TO1 : Farmers Practice TO 2 : Agri-tech portal (TNAU) TO 3 : Vikaspedia Portal (GOI)

7. Critical inputs given:

The OFT farmers were given with orientation programme and feedback session regarding ICT tools. In the orientation session the knowledge test was performed by the farmers and the lecture was given on the benefits of application of ICT tools in agriculture. During this programme how to access TNAU Agri-tech portal and Vikaspedia Portal were demonstrated to the participants. Totally 20 farmers were selected and among them 10 farmers were exposed to TNAU Argi-tech portal and another 10 farmers were exposed to Vikaspedia Portal and they were all followed the respective sites

30 for their paddy cultivation from to seed to harvest. After completion of the cropping period again the knowledge test was performed by the participant for the same items. Finally pre and post evaluation results assessed to find out the effectiveness of ICT tools.

8. Results:

Table : Performance of the technology B:C Knowledge level Adoption (%) No.of Yield Net Returns Technology Option ratio trials (t/ha) (Rs. in lakh./ha) Before After Before After Agri-tech portal (TNAU) 10 6.10 1.02 2.4 Medium High 62 75

Vikaspedia Portal (GOI) 10 5.85 0.98 2.0 Medium High 57 68 Local practises 10 5.25 0.87 1.8

Description of the results:

The farmers gained more knowledge in both the Agri-tech portal (TNAU) and Vikaspedia Portal (GOI). The farmers followed the TNAU Agri-tech portal gained more knowledge and adopted the technology accurately when compare to the Vikaspedia portal. The above table shows that the farmers followed the TNAU Agri-tech portal got a high knowledge in paddy cultivation and they adopted the recommended technologies upto 75 percentage. The farmers who followed the Vikaspedia Portal also got a high knowledge on Paddy cultivation and they adopted the recommended technology upto 68 percentage.

9. Feed back of the farmers involved:

The TNAU Agri-tech portal website having a collection of all the facts and information in different pages and given crop wise information. This website contains text, images and videos related to Paddy cultivation. Hence, the farmer could able to get a thorough knowledge on the Paddy cultivation from seed to harvest. Whereas, in Vikaspedia portal the information are given in general instead of crop wise.

10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: The website may be updated with current technology this will be helpful to enhance the knowledge of farming community in newer variety and technologies.

3.c.8. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area: Technology evaluation (ICT tools in Agriculture) 2. Title: Assessing the effectiveness of different mobile apps in terms of knowledge gain and agro advisory services 3. Scientists involved: Dr.S.Sangeetha, SMS (AEX) 4. Details of farming situation: On Farm Trial was conducted in Agoor village of Mailam block block to assess the effectiveness of different mobile apps in terms of knowledge gain and agro advisory services farming community. Agoor block is one of the agrarian based blocks of Villupuram district. The village has wetland, garden land and dry land systems. The village is noted for erratic monsoon. Bulk of precipitation is received in the North East Monsoon as has been for the district. The village suffers due to intense

31 heat during summer. The crops raised during kharif and summer face intermittent drought. The soil type of the village is Red soil. There is low level of nitrogen, medium level of Phosphorous and Potassium. Paddy, Pulses and Oilseeds are the major crops extensively cultivated in the village. Vegetable and flower crops are also cultivated in the village. Now a day’s most of the farmers are using smart phones but they are not aware about latest Information and Communication Tools (ICT) available for agriculture. For this on farm trial the smart phone users were selected and they were given with mobile application. Mobile apps have many potential applications in delivering agricultural extension and can bring new information services to rural areas. ICT tools can help in meeting the challenges in agricultural development in Agriculture Information, Awareness and Education using ICT, Advanced information about adverse weather condition, so that farmers can take precautionary measures. Real time and near real times pricing and market information. Information dissemination about various government schemes. Information regarding agrifinance, agriclinicls and agribusiness. This on farm trail focused on usage of mobile apps in agricultural crop production technologies.

5. Problem definition / description:

Present technology transfer mechanism has lot of constraints including limited staff, wider coverage and multi diverse cropping system. In this situation the farmers are struggling lot to find instant solution to their farming problems. If the farmers wants to meet the experts personally they have to spend more to reach them. Hence the various organizations have developed mobile applications for agriculture to meet the farmers need. To assess the performance of these mobile apps the present OFT was conducted.

6. Technology Assessed: TO 1 - Kisan Suvidha Mobile Apps TO 2 - Farmer Mobile App TO 3 - e-Nam mobile apps

7. Critical inputs given:

The OFT farmers were given with orientation programme and feedback session regarding agricultural based mobile apps. The knowledge level of OFT farmers with improved production technologies of Paddy before and after the interventions of mobile apps was measured by adopting knowledge test. Various items related to Paddy production technologies were selected and administrated to the respondents in the study area. The pre and post knowledge test was performed by the OFT farmers. In the orientation programme the knowledge test was performed by the farmers and the lecture was given on the benefits of mobile application in agriculture. During this programme how to use the mobile apps that is Kisan Suvidha, Farmer Mobile App and e-Nam mobile apps. Totally 30 farmers were selected and among them 10 farmers were exposed to Kisan Suvidha, 10 farmers were exposed to Farmer Mobile App to and another 10 farmers were exposed to e-Nam mobile apps. The farmers were all followed the respective mobile apps for their crop cultivation from to seed to market. Finally the pre and post evaluation result was compared to find out the effectiveness of mobile apps.

32 9. Results: Table : Performance of the technology

B:C Knowledge level Adoption (%) No.of Yield Net Returns Technology Option ratio trials (t/ha) (Rs. in lakh./ha) Before After Before After Kisan Suvidha 10 61.1 79700 2.8 Low High 45 70

Farmer Mobile App 10 57.0 71500 2.6 Low Medium 42 64 e-Nam mobile apps 10 55.0 67500 2.5 Low Medium 48 60

Description of the results:

The farmers gained more knowledge by using Kisan Suvitha app and the farmers using Farmer mobile app and e-Nam mobile apps gained medium level of knowledge. Farmers could able to adopt 70 percent of the technologies by following kisan Suvitha app whereas the The farmers followed the Farmer mobile app and e-Nam app adopted the technologies for 64 and 60 percentage respectively.

9. Feed back of the farmers involved:

Kisan Suvitha app helps the farmers in the aspects of weather forecast, market information and the government schemes available for the farmers.

10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: The district wise details have been given in Kisan suvitha which is highly useful for the Villupuram district farmers.

3.c.9 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area: Livestock 2. Title: Assessment of Induction of Estrum in postpartum anestrus cows 3. Scientists involved: Dr.M. Balumahendiran and Dr.K Parameswari 4. Details of farming situation: In high-yielding dairy herds fertility is of major economic importance. In order to gain maximum profit, calving intervals should not exceed 365 days. The achievement of a 365-day calving interval requires an early resumption of ovarian activity, an excellent oestrus detection, and a high first-service conception rate. Especially the inability to detect oestrus and to mate the cows by 60 to 80 days after calving is a common problem among dairy farmers nowadays.

5. Problem definition / description: After calving, cows go through a period of temporary infertility known as postpartum anestrus. Cows will not experience estrous cycles during this time. Another common term associated with this phenomenon is postpartum interval, which is the time from calving to the subsequent

33 conception. Post‐ partum interval plays an important role in determining a cow's calving interval, or the number of days from calving date in one year to calving date the next year. Several factors can influence the length of the postpartum anestrous period, including uterine involution, short cycling, suckling effects, and nutritional status. Uterine involution is the regression of the uterus in both structure and function to a status that is capable of carrying another pregnancy. A key risk factor that causes increased incidence of metabolic disease is low negative energy balance (NEB) in the periparturient and early postpartum periods. Low NEB decreases LH pulse frequency, growth rate and diameter of dominant follicle (DF), IGF-I, glucose, insulin concentrations and increases GH and certain blood metabolites; these effects result in greater loss of body condition score (BCS) and a higher percent of anoestrous cows in the herd.

6. Technology Assessed: TO1: Farmers Practice TO2: Vaginal sponge (VCRI Nammakal 2015) TO3: Prosync-NC (TRPVB 2016)

7. Critical inputs given:

TO1: Farmers Inputs Value Practice TO2: Vaginal sponge 1 350 TO3: Prosync-NC 1 450 CloprostenolInj 2 400 Mineral Mixture 4 300 Deworming bolus 1 50 Artificial 4 100 Insemination Total per trial 1650 Gloves Pack 1 500 Field Board 1 500 Total 17500

8. Results: Table : Performance of the technology Net Returns B:C Conception No.of Technology Option Induction% (Rs. in ratio rate (%) trials lakh./animal) Farmers Practice 48.64 0.00525 1.75 68.4 Technology 1 Prosync 100 0.0127 2.82 82.5 Nano Cream 10 Technology 2 vaginal 98.5 0.00980 2.17 79.3 Sponge

Description of the results: Management of postpartum through this improved method has given greater influence on induction of estrum in postpartum anestrus animals. Period of anestrum varied significantly in the selected animals, however us of these two methods had greatly increased the conception rate and

34 reduced the inter calving period which gives substantial loss to the farmer when no milk production is achieved from the cow.

Constraints faced: Infertility and repeat breeder was the major issues with the unavailability of skilled personnel for breeding programmme for the application of sponge technology. However the application prosync nanao cream doesn’t require any skilled presonnel

10. Feedback of the farmers involved: Prosync Nano cream is an easy and farmer friendly technology and was useful for resolving the anestrus than the sponge. It reduced the cost which is being charged by the veterinarian and increased the exhibition of estrus symptoms by the animal.

11. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: Vaginal sponge and Prosync Nano cream has advantage over the conventional two hormone protocols to induce oestrus in animals. Except vaginal sponge, application of nano cream based method was readily accepted by the farmer and without disturbing the animals as in insertion of sponge and hormonal therapies.

3.c.10 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL

1. Thematic area: Livestock and Poultry 2. Title: Assessment of suitable poultry bird for backyard rearing 3. Scientists involved: Dr.M. Balumahendiran and Dr.K Parameswari 4. Details of farming situation: Rural population living in India constitutes 72.2 per cent of the total population, which is predominantly occupied by poor, marginal farmers and landless labourers. Backyard poultry production is an old age profession of rural families of India. Backyard Poultry farming becoming a fast growing enterprise among the farming community, landless labour, rural youth and entrepreneurs. Farming in the backyard is a simple and economically viable for earning the income within the available resources. Rearing the improved varieties of native chicken for meat, egg and dual purposes is an alternate to the commercial broilers which has now become a health issues among human population. Backyard poultry production system is a low input business and is characterized by indigenous night shelter system, scavenging system, natural hatching of chicks, poor productivity of birds, with little supplementary feeding, local marketing and no health care practice. Poultry development plays a crucial role in increasing egg and chicken meat production. Indian demand for poultry products will be enhanced at 4.8 per cent whereas the supply of poultry products will grow at 5.2 per cent per year over the decade which is faster than for any other type of animal product. Hence assessing the suitable meat purpose variety is an important step to establish colored broiler farming under native backyard situation

5. Problem definition / discription: Rural Poultry farming is maintained with low producing desi chicken varieties which resulted in low egg and meat production. This lead to low income of the family and poor consumption of

35 eggs in rural areas which is far below the national average egg consumption. Therefore introduction of improved strains is an inevitable approach for empowering the backyard poultry farming.Existing problems of low egg producing strains, low body weight, high mortality and poor livability among the native chicken population is major constrain in the development and subsistence of the rural farming community. To assess and analyze the best strain which is suitable for short term entrepreneurship activities, on farm trials are essential for evaluations

6. Technology Assessed: Farmers practice: Native bird TO1: Gramapriya (DPR 2014) TO2 : Srinidhi (DPR 2015) TO3 : TANUVAS (Aseel 2017)

7. Critical inputs given:

Farmers practice: Name of the inputs Quantity Value (Rs.) Native bird

TO1: Gramapriya Chicks 30 nos 1500 Feed 15kg 450 Total 1950 TO2 : Srinidhi Chicks 30 nos 1500 Feed 15kg 450 Total 1950 TO3 : TANUVAS Chicks 30 nos 1500 Feed 15kg 450 Total 1950 Vaccine and medicine 300 Grand total 6150

8. Results: Table : Performance of the technology Body BN:C ratio Other parameters No.of weight at Net Returns Technology Option trials 8th week ( Gram/bird (Rs. in lakh) Farmers Practice 368 0.015/15 bird 1.75 FCR 3.25 Livability 61.40% Technology 1 Gramapriya 750 0.0227 2.24 FCR 2.82 10 Livability 71.95% Technology 2 Srinidhi 735 0.0480 2.65 FCR 2.75 Livability 71.98% Technology 3 TANUVAS 890 0.0510 2.98 FCR 2.71 Aseel Livability 73.8

9. Description of the results: Among the three breeds studied TANUVAS Aseel has better livability and FCR. However the performance of gramapriya and srinidhi were not differed much significantly and survived under backyard conditions. Body weight at 8th week has shown that 58.65% increase over the native birds maintained by the farmers.

36

10. Feedback of the farmers involved: Predators and protective shelter are the major difficulties faced by the farmers

11. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: Though all the three breeds have not shown greater difference on the growth parameters, the selection and suitability will be based on the egg production and egg numbers under backyard conditions.

3.c.11 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN DETAIL (2017-18)

1. Thematic area : Cropping systam 2. Title : Assessment of suitable intercrop in Tapioca 3. Scientists involved : Dr.M.Jayaramachandran, SMS (PBG) and Dr. V.K. Satya, SMS (PAT) 4. Details of farming situation: Tapioca is an annual crop normally planting in the month of January and harvesting is being done during the month of December. So, the trial has been planned and executed during the month of January and planting was completed in January. As the industrial demand of Tapioca is highly fluctuating, farmers cultivating Tapioca, often end up with loss. In order to adopt the dynamic market situation of Tapioca the farmers should cultivating intercrop. A successful intercrop should give more benefit than the mono cropping when calculating BCR. So identifying a suitable intercrop in Tapioca cultivation is need of the hour. The village selected to conduct the trial was Cinna salem in Cinna salem block. Farming situation in cinna salem block is Irrigated Agriculture. Soil type is typical vertisol ( Black soil). The fertility status of soil is N: 260 P: 19 K: 280 kg/ha. The annual average rainfall of this village is 1050 mm with 52 to 61 rainy days.

5. Problem definition / discription Tapioca is one of the major commercial crop which is being cultivated in Villupuram district in around 9750ha. Due to fluctuation in market price of Tapioca, farmers are being end up in trouble. To increase the profit in Tapioca cultivation, intercropping is one of the viable options. So in order to assess the suitable intercrop in Tapioca cultivation with high remuneration, this OFT has been planned and executed. Groundnut and cowpea crops were selected as two viable options to assess.

6. Technology Assessed TO 1: Farmer’s practice (Sole crop) TO 2: Inter cropping with groundnut (CPCRI, 2007) TO 3: Inter cropping with Cowpea (CPCRI, 2007)

37 7. Critical inputs given:

Sl No Name of the critical input Quantity Value ( in Rs) 1 Groundnut seed 40 kg 3600 2 Cowpea seed 4 kg 460 3 Rhizobium 100 ml 50 4 Phospho bacteria 100 ml 50 5 Trichoderma viride 1 kg 100

8. Results:

Table : Performance of the technology Net Returns B:C ratio Intercrop No.of Yield Technology Option (Rs. in yield (t/ha) trials (t/ha) lakh./ha) Farmers Practice 3.562 0.70540 3.42 - Technology 1(Inter cropping 3.514 1.13676 3.90 1.36 with groundnut) 5 Technology 2(Inter cropping 3.514 0.85501 3.70 0.752 with Cowpea) Description of result Tapioca intercropped with groundnut gave higher net income (Rs. 1,13,676/-) when compared to tapioca alone (Rs. 70,540/-). There is no significant variation in the yield of tapioca between the sole crop and intercrop system.

9. Feed back of the farmers involved: Farmers realized that the good income earned from intercrop within short period and additionally it gives fodder for livestock.

10. Feed back to the scientist who developed the technology: Tapioca intercropped with groundnut gave higher net income (Rs. 1,13,676/-) when compared to tapioca alone (Rs. 70,540/-). There is no significant variation in the yield of tapioca between the sole crop and intercrop system.

38

3.d. FRONTLINE DEMONSTRATION a. Follow-up of FLDs implemented during previous years

Crop/ Details of popularization Horizontal spread of technology S. Enterprise Thematic Area* Technology demonstrated methods suggested to the No. of No. of Area No Extension system villages farmers in ha 1 Paddy Crop production Introduction of Paddy variety CO 52 Field day was conducted in 1 12 8 in Villupuram district the FLD village and shown the positive performance result of Paddy CO 52 variety 2 Blackgram Crop production Introduction of blackgram variety Training programme 3 8 9 VBN (Bg) 8 for Villupuram district organized improved production technologies of Pulses 3 Sugarcane Integrated pest, disease and Integrated pest, disease and nematode Method demonstration on soil 2 25 22 nematode management in management in Sugarcane application of biocontrol Sugarcane agents and release of egg parasitoid. Group meeting was conducted and message given to extension functionaries in the monthly zonal workshop 4 Sugarcane Integrated crop Demonstration of Sugarcane chip Method demonstration on 37 1750 3420 management bud treatment method for sugarcane chip bud treatment. enhancing germination Group meeting was conducted and message given to extension functionaries in the monthly zonal workshop 5 Water melon Integrated Pest & Disease Demonstration on Integrated pest and Method demonstration on soil 4 37 15 Management disease management in watermelon application of biocontrol agents and setting up of traps. Message given to extension functionaries in the monthly zonal workshop 6 Turmeric Integrated Pest & Disease Integrated pest disease and nematode Method demonstrations, 2 25 12 Management management in Turmeric Training 7 Pandhal Integrated Pest & Disease FFS on Integrated pest and disease Method demonstration on soil 3 52 7.2

39 vegetables Management management in pandhal vegetables application of biocontrol agents and setting up of traps. Trainings, regular lectures at weekly intervals, Message given to extension functionaries in the monthly zonal workshop 8 Buffalo Livestock management Demonstration on Mitigation of Method demonstrations, 3 120 Nos. 40 Malnutrition and Delayed puberty in Training Buffalo Heifer 9 Dairy cows Livestock management Mastiguard teat protect spray for the Method demonstrations, 2 40 Nos. 40 prevention of subclinical mastitis in Training dairy cows

b. Details of FLDs implemented during the current year

Source of No. of farmers/ Reasons Area (ha) funds demonstration for Season Sl. Thematic Proposed Actual SC/ST Others Total shortfall Crop Technology Demonstrated and No. area in year achieve ment 1. Blackg Varietal Introduction of Rice Fallow Summe ICAR 4 4 - - 10 - ram Demonstrati new Blackgram variety ADT r 2019 on 6 in Villupuram District 2. Fodder Varietal Demonstration of fodder - ICAR 2 - - - 10 Non cowpea Demonstrati cowpea variety CO 9 in availabili on Villupuram district ty of seed 3. Ground Varietal Introduction of Newly Rabi, ICAR 2 2 - 5 5 - nut Demonstrati released Groundnut Variety 2018 on TMV 14 in Villupuram district 4. Ground Integrated Eco-friendly management of Rabi, ICAR 6 6 15 - 15 - nut disease soil borne diseases in 2018 managemen groundnut t

40 5. Paddy Varietal Introduction of Paddy variety Rabi, ICAR 4 4 - - 10 - Demonstrati CO 52 in Villupuram District 2018 on 6. Paddy Water Demonstration of alternate Rabi, ICAR 4 4 - 10 10 - saving wetting and drying system 2018 technology technology in Villupuram district 7. Kudirai Varietal Demonstration of MDU 1 Kharif/ ICAR 5 5 25 - 25 - valli Demonstrati Kudiraivalli variety in Rabi on Villupuram district 2018 8. Maize Integrated Management of post Rabi, ICAR 6 6 3 12 15 - disease flowering stalk rot in maize 2018 managemen t 9. Snake Varietal Demonstration of newly Khar ICAR 2 2 - 10 10 - Gourd Demonstrati released Snake Gourd hybrid if, on COH 1 2018 10. Water Varietal Demonstration of ArkaAkash - ICAR 1 - - - 10 Non melon Demonstrati water melon hybrid availabili on ty of seed 11. Bitter Integrated Integrated pest and disease Rabi, ICAR 1 1 - 10 10 - gourd pest and management practices in 2018 disease bitter gourd managemen t 12. Dairy Livestock Demonstration of teat protect - ICAR 20 Nos. 20 Nos. 20 - 20 - cows spray for prophylaxis of sub clinical mastitis 13. Dairy Livestock Demonstration on detection - ICAR 20 Nos. 20 Nos. 20 - 20 - cows and management of ketosis in high yielding dairy cows 14. Calf Livestock Demonstration of TANUVAS - ICAR 20 Nos. 20 Nos. 20 - 20 - kit Calf kit for management of young ones

41 Details of farming situation

Sl.No. Crop

Status of soil

days

Season

Soil type

Farming situation Seasonal

No. of rainy

Sowing date

Harvest date

rainfall (mm)

N P K Previous crop

(RF/Irrigated) 1. Blackgram Summer, Irrigated Sandy 180 20 250 2019 loam 2. Fodder ------cowpea 3. Groundnut Rabi, 2018 Irrigated Black 150 65 90 Pulses 02.12.208 13.04.2019 650 19 soil 4. Groundnut Rabi, 2018 Irrigated Sandy 190 12 150 Pulses 15.12.2018 4.4.2019 to 154 7 loam to 6.4.2019 17.12.2018 5. Paddy Rabi, 2018 Irrigated Clay 220 15 160 Blackgra 5.10.2019 20.2.2019 740 20 loam m to to 10.10.2018 25.2.2019 6. Paddy Rabi, 2018 Irrigated Sandy 240 25 180 Pulses 12.10.2018 28.02.2019 745 21 loamy 7. Kudiraivalli Kharif/Rabi Irrigated Sandy 210 25 190 Pulses 17.10.2018 27.1.2019 720 22 2018 loam to to 22.10.2018 31.1.2019 8. Maize Rabi, 2018 Irrigated Loamy 190 20 210 Pulses 22.11.2018 25.3.2019 630 17 to to 30.11.2018 29.3.2019 9. Snake Kharif, Irrigated Sandy 260 22 240 Bottle 15.07.2018 25.09.2018 330 18 Gourd 2018 loam gourd 10. Water ------melon 11. Bitter gourd Rabi/summ Irrigated Sandy 220 26 190 Pulses 26.12.2018 22.2.2019 to 6 1 er 2018-19 loam to 30.04.2019 30.12.2018

42 Technical Feedback on the demonstrated technologies

Sl.No. Crop Feed Back 1. Blackgram The trial is under progress.

2. Fodder cowpea Trial was not conducted due to non availability of seed.

3. Groundnut TMV 14 yields high than the farmers variety. It required less water than the farmers variety hence it may be suitable under rainfed condition 4. Groundnut Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride @ 4g/kg and Pseudomonas fluorescens @10g/kg + soil application of each Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride @ 2.5kg/ha reduced the stem rot and collar rot incidence to 75% and 79% respectively coupled with increased yield of 28.62 q/ha when compared to farmers practices (22.65 q/ha). 5. Paddy CO 52 Paddy variety recorded the yield of 66.3 q/ha which is 17.34 % increase over demo variety and higher number of productive tiller was observed in CO 52. Further, less incidence of stem borer and bacterial leaf blight were also observed in CO 52. 6. Paddy AWD increases yields. During the period the soil is not covered with water and the roots grow faster and deeper because it looking for water. 7. Kudiraivalli Kudiraivali MDU 1 recorded higher yield of 18.3 q/ha which is 32.6% increased over local variety (13.8 q/ha) 8. Maize Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride @ 4g/kg + soil application of Trichoderma viride @ 2.5kg/ha+soil drenching with carbendazim @0.1% reduced the post flowering stalk rot in maize. 9. Snake Gourd Farmers obtained of 62.50 t/ha of yield from COH 1 Snake gourd hybrid whereas, in farmers practice the yield was 51.00 t/ha. The COH 1 hybrid yield is 22 % higher than the farmers practice. 10. Water melon Trial was not conducted due to non availability of seed.

11. Bitter gourd Seed treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens @10g/kg + setting up of yellow sticky traps @ 12/ac+ Fruit fly traps @5nos/ac+foliar spray of Neem oil 3%+ Need based spray of Metalaxyl @0.1% reduced the pest and disease incidence and increased the yield of 220 q/ha which is 17.52% increased over control. 12. Dairy cows Ketosis detection kit is efficient in detection of ketone bodies in urine. Should be made available at VUTRC level. 13. Dairy cows Efficient and should be made available at VUTRC level.

14. Calf kit Very efficient.

43 Farmers’ reactions on specific technologies Sl.No. Crop Feed Back 1. Blackgram The trial is under progress.

2. Fodder cowpea Trial was not conducted due to non availability of seed.

3. Groundnut TMV 14 matured early compare to the other farmers variety

4. Groundnut Use of biocontrol agents reduced the soil borne diseases and increased the yield. Cost of cultivation also reduced by using this biocontrol agents 5. Paddy The major problem of stem borer and bacterial leaf blight incidence were observed low in CO 52 Variety. Whereas, these incidence were major problem in BADT 37. CO 52 is fine grain and it highly preferred by the consumer. 6. Paddy Number of irrigation is reduced to 2 to 3 times in Alternate Wetting and Drying system

7. Kudiraivalli Kudiraivali MDU 1 gave more yield and also short duration when compared to local variety.

8. Maize Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride improved the plant population and soil drenching with carbendazim reduced the post flowering stalk rot in Maize. But the incidence of fall army is very high and also management is very difficult. 9. Snake Gourd COH 1 fetches high market price and consumer preference since the fruit is short, spindle shape and dusty white with predominant white strips 10. Water melon Trial was not conducted due to non availability of seed.

11. Bitter gourd Integrated pest, disease and nematode management in bitter gourd is effective in management of pest and disease incidence. Number of pesticides spray has been reduced thereby cost of cultivation also reduced. This management practices are being adopted by the farmers to other pandhal vegetables also. 12. Dairy cows The farmers opined that ketochek kit was useful in early detection of ketone bodies in urine. Their children were actively participated in doing the experiment. After seeing the colour development, supplementing the cows with glycerin and carbohydrate diet increased the milk yield to normal. 13. Dairy cows After applying the Mastiguard wart like growth, cut wounds on the teat were slaughed off/heated. The teats become shiny and smooth in appearance. 14. Calf kit After application of the calf kit on the umbilical region, maggot wound infestation was controlled.

44 Extension and Training activities under FLD

No. of activities Number of Remarks Sl.No. Activity Date organised participants 1 Field days 1 23.10.2018 20 Field day conducted to show case the performance of the Snake gourd hybrid CO H 1 2 Farmers Training 1 13.07.2018 25 Off campus training programme on ICM in Snake gourd cultivation was organized 1 6.8.2018 20 Production technologies of Kudiraivalli 1 6.8.2018 13 Poultry disease management 1 12.09.2018 21 Management of infertility problems in dairy cows 1 25.10.2018 20 Management and control of Mastitis in dairy cows 3 Media coverage 1 21.11.2018 - Snake gourd hybrid COH 1 cultivation 1 7.12.2018 - Cultivation practices of Pandal vegetables 4 Training for extension - - - - functionaries

Performance of Frontline demonstrations

Frontline demonstrations on crops

Name of the Variety/ Yield (q/ha) Economics of demonstration Economics of check % technology Hybrid No. of Area (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) Crop Thematic Area Increase demonstrated Domo Check Farmers (ha) Demo Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Check in yield High Low Average Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Pulses Blackgram Varietal Introduction of ADT 6 VBN 5 10 2 The crop Demonstration Rice Fallow new is in Blackgram variety flowering ADT 6 in stage. Villupuram District

Oilseeds Groundnut Varietal Introduction of TMV 14 VRI 2 5 2 21.50 19.50 20.50 19.00 13 34750 84050 49300 2.42 34350 73800 39450 2.15 Demonstration Newly released Groundnut Variety TMV 14 in Villupuram district

45 Name of the Variety/ Yield (q/ha) Economics of demonstration Economics of check % technology Hybrid No. of Area (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) Crop Thematic Area Increase demonstrated Domo Check Farmers (ha) Demo Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Check in yield High Low Average Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Groundnut Integrated Eco-friendly VRI 2 VRI 2 15 6 32.4 24.8 28.6 22.6 26.54 38055 100170 62115 2.63 35077 79275 44199 2.26 disease management of soil management borne diseases in groundnut Cereals Paddy Varietal Introduction of CO 52 ADT 37 10 4 69.2 63.4 66.3 56.5 17.34 43300 125800 82500 2.9 43300 107350 64050 2.5 Demonstration Paddy variety CO 52 in Villupuram District Paddy Water saving Demonstration of ADT 49 ADT 49 10 4 61.5 58.5 60.2 56.4 6.7 42500 120400 77900 2.8 42500 112800 70300 2.6 technology alternate wetting and drying system technology in Villupuram district

Commercial crops Sugarcane Integrated pest, Integrated pest, CO 86032 CO 86032 10 4 99.4 88.5 93.5 75.2 24.41 61573 243100 181528 3.95 56790 195390 136092 3.30 disease and disease and nematode nematode management in management in Sugarcane Sugarcane (2017-18)

Millets Kudiraivalli Varietal Demonstration of MDU 1 Local 25 10 19.7 16.9 18.3 13.8 32.6 10128 42035 31907 4.15 9828 31906 22078 3.25 Demonstration MDU 1 variety Kudiraivalli variety in Villupuram district maize Integrated Management of NK 6240 NK 6240 15 6 57.8 39.8 48.8 48 0.01 61724 82331 20608 1.33 61450 81617 20167 1.32 disease post flowering stalk management rot in maize Vegetables

Snake Varietal Demonstration of CO H 1 Private 10 2 580 680 625 510 22 65000 240500 175500 3.70 72000 202000 130000 2.80 Gourd Demonstration newly released Hybrid Snake Gourd hybrid COH 1

46 Name of the Variety/ Yield (q/ha) Economics of demonstration Economics of check % technology Hybrid No. of Area (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) Crop Thematic Area Increase demonstrated Domo Check Farmers (ha) Demo Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Check in yield High Low Average Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) bitter gourd Integrated pest Integrated pest and Abishek Abishek 10 1.0 272 168 220 187.2 17.52 80208 548750 468543 6.83 78826 468000 389174 5.93 and disease disease management management practices in bitter gourd Fruits Water melon Varietal Demonstration of Trial not Demonstration ArkaAkash water conducted melon hybrid due to non availability of seeds

Plantation crops

Spices and condiments

Flowers

Others Fodder Demonstration of Trial not cowpea fodder cowpea conducted variety CO 9 in due to non Villupuram district availability of seeds

47 Name of the Variety/ Yield (q/ha) Economics of demonstration Economics of check % technology Hybrid No. of Area (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) Crop Thematic Area Increase demonstrated Domo Check Farmers (ha) Demo Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Check in yield High Low Average Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C)

FLD on Livestock

Category Thematic Name of the No. of No.of Units Major parameters % Other parameter Economics of demonstration (Rs.) Economics of check area technology Farmer (Animal/ change (Rs.) demonstrated Poultry/ Demo Check in major Demo Check Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Birds, etc) parameter Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Cattle Calf kit Management Demonstration of 20 20 Incidence of 2 - Calf 3% 1200 4000 2800 3.3 1200 2850 1650 2.37 TANUVAS Calf naval ill- NIL Mortality - kit for management NIl of young ones

Buffalo

Dairy Dairy cows Disease Demonstration of 20 20 Somatic cell 4.3 Incidence 6.5 550 1500 950 2.72 1500 784 -716 0.52 Management teat protect spray count 0.58 lakhs of mastitis for prophylaxis of 1.45 sub clinical mastitis Disease Demonstration on 20 20 Incidence of 4.5 - Milk yield 2.12 600 868 268 1.44 800 593 -207 0.741 Dairy cows Management detection and Ketosis- 1.5 5.6 liters management of ketosis in high yielding dairy cows

Poultry

Sheep

Goat

* Economics to be worked out based total cost of production per unit area and not on critical inputs alone. ** BCR= GROSS RETURN/GROSS COST

48 FLD on Fisheries

Economics of check Name of the Major parameters % change Other parameter Economics of demonstration (Rs.) Thematic No. of No.of (Rs.) Category technology in major area Farmer units Demons Demons Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR demonstrated Check parameter Check ration ration Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C)

* Economics to be worked out based total cost of production per unit area and not on critical inputs alone. ** BCR= GROSS RETURN/GROSS COST

FLD on Other enterprises

Category Name of the technology No. of No.of Major parameters % change in Other parameter Economics of demonstration (Rs.) or Economics of check demonstrated Farmer units major Rs./unit (Rs.) or Rs./unit Demo Check parameter Demo Check Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Mushroom

Apiculture

Maize Sheller

Value Addition

49

Vermi Compost

FLD on Women Empowerment

Category Name of technology No. of Name of observations Demonstration Check demonstrations

FLD on Farm Implements and Machinery

Name of the Crop Technology No. of Area Major Filed observation % change Labor reduction (man days) Cost reduction implement demonstrated Farmer (ha) parameters (output/man hour) in major (Rs./ha or Rs./Unit etc.) Demo Check parameter Land Sowing Weeding Total Land Labour Irrigati Total preparation preparatio on n

FLD on Other Enterprise: Kitchen Gardening

Category and Thematic Name of the No. of No. of Yield (Kg) % Other parameters Economics of demonstration Economics of check Crop area technology Farmer Units change in (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) demonstrated Demons Check yield Demo Check Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR ration Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C)

50 FLD on Demonstration details on crop hybrids (Details of Hybrid FLDs implemented during 2018-19)

Yield (q/ha) Economics of demonstration (Rs./ha) technology Hybrid No. of Area % Increase in Crop Demo Gross Gross BCR demonstrated Variety Farmers (ha) Check yield Net Return High Low Average Cost Return (R/C) Oilseed crop

Pulse crop

Cereal crop Maize Management of post NK 6240 15 6 57.8 39.8 48.8 48 0.01 61724 82331 20608 1.33 flowering stalk rot

Vegetable crop Snake Gourd Demonstration of CO H 1 10 2 580 680 625 510 22 65000 240500 175500 3.70 newly released Snake Gourd hybrid COH 1 bitter gourd Integrated pest and Abishek 10 1.0 272 168 220 187.2 17.52 80208 548750 468543 6.83 disease management practices in bitter gourd

Fruit crop

Other (specify)

51 FLDs conducted with the funding of other sources including CFLD/ATMA/NABARD/other ICAR institutes etc Source of Name of the Variety/ Yield (q/ha) Economics of demonstration Economics of check % fund Thematic technology Hybrid No. of Area (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) Crop Increase Area demonstrated Domo Check Farmers (ha) Demo Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Check in yield High Low Average Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C)

FLD on Livestock

Category Thematic Name of the No. of No.of Units Major parameters % Other parameter Economics of demonstration (Rs.) Economics of check area technology Farmer (Animal/ change (Rs.) demonstrated Poultry/ Demo Check in major Demo Check Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Birds, etc) parameter Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Cattle

Buffalo

Dairy

Poultry

Sheep

Goat

* Economics to be worked out based total cost of production per unit area and not on critical inputs alone. ** BCR= GROSS RETURN/GROSS COST

52 FLD on Fisheries

Economics of check Name of the Major parameters % change Other parameter Economics of demonstration (Rs.) Thematic No. of No.of (Rs.) Category technology in major area Farmer units Demons Demons Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR demonstrated Check parameter Check ration ration Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C)

* Economics to be worked out based total cost of production per unit area and not on critical inputs alone. ** BCR= GROSS RETURN/GROSS COST

FLD on Other enterprises

Category Name of the technology No. of No.of Major parameters % change in Other parameter Economics of demonstration (Rs.) or Economics of check demonstrated Farmer units major Rs./unit (Rs.) or Rs./unit Demo Check parameter Demo Check Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Cost Return Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C)

53 FLD on Women Empowerment

Category Name of technology No. of Name of observations Demonstration Check demonstrations

FLD on Farm Implements and Machinery

Name of the Crop Technology No. of Area Major Filed observation % change Labor reduction (man days) Cost reduction implement demonstrated Farmer (ha) parameters (output/man hour) in major (Rs./ha or Rs./Unit etc.) Demo Check parameter Land Sowing Weeding Total Land Labour Irrigati Total preparation preparatio on n

54

4. Training Programmes

Farmers’ Training including sponsored training programmes (on campus) Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total I Crop Production Weed Management Resource Conservation Technologies Cropping Systems Crop Diversification Integrated Farming Micro Irrigation/irrigation Seed production 1 28 4 32 0 0 0 28 4 32 Nursery management Integrated Crop Management Soil & water conservatioin Integrated nutrient management Production of organic inputs Others (pl specify) Total 1 28 4 32 0 0 0 28 4 32 II Horticulture a) Vegetable Crops Production of low value and high valume crops 1 64 4 68 2 0 2 66 4 70 Off-season vegetables Nursery raising Exotic vegetables Export potential vegetables Grading and standardization Protective cultivation Others (pl specify) Total (a) 1 64 4 68 2 0 2 66 4 70 b) Fruits Training and Pruning Layout and Management of Orchards Cultivation of Fruit Management of young plants/orchards Rejuvenation of old orchards Export potential fruits Micro irrigation systems of orchards Plant propagation techniques Others (pl specify) Total (b) c) Ornamental Plants Nursery Management Management of potted plants Export potential of ornamental plants Propagation techniques of Ornamental Plants 1 42 4 46 2 0 2 44 4 48 Others (pl specify) Total ( c) 1 42 4 46 2 0 2 44 4 48 d) Plantation crops Production and Management

55

Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total technology Processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (d) e) Tuber crops Production and Management technology Processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (e) f) Spices Production and Management technology Processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (f) g) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Nursery management Production and management technology Post harvest technology and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (g) GT (a-g) 2 106 8 114 4 0 4 110 8 118 III Soil Health and Fertility Management Soil fertility management 1 10 5 15 0 0 0 10 5 15 Integrated water management Integrated Nutrient Management Production and use of organic inputs Management of Problematic soils Micro nutrient deficiency in crops Nutrient Use Efficiency Balance use of fertilizers Soil and Water Testing Others (pl specify) Total 1 10 5 15 0 0 0 10 5 15 IV Livestock Production and Management Dairy Management 1 51 1 52 8 0 8 59 1 60 Poultry Management Piggery Management Rabbit Management Animal Nutrition Management Disease Management Feed & fodder technology Production of quality animal products 1 131 10 141 11 12 23 142 22 164 Others (pl specify) Total 2 182 11 193 19 12 31 201 23 224 V Home Science/Women empowerment Household food security by kitchen gardening and

56

Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total nutrition gardening Design and development of low/minimum cost diet Designing and development for high nutrient efficiency diet Minimization of nutrient loss in processing Processing and cooking Gender mainstreaming through SHGs 1 0 18 18 0 9 9 0 27 27 Storage loss minimization techniques Value addition Women empowerment 1 0 154 154 0 14 14 0 168 168 Location specific drudgery reduction technologies Rural Crafts Women and child care Others (pl specify) Total 2 0 172 172 0 23 23 0 195 195 VI Agril. Engineering Farm Machinary and its maintenance Installation and maintenance of micro irrigation systems Use of Plastics in farming practices Production of small tools and implements Repair and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Small scale processing and value addition Post Harvest Technology Others (pl specify) Total VII Plant Protection Integrated Pest Management 2 78 4 82 7 0 7 85 4 89 Integrated disease Management 2 120 - 120 7 - 7 127 0 127 Bio-control of pests and diseases Production of bio control agents and bio pesticides Others (pl specify) Total 4 198 4 202 14 0 14 212 4 216 VIII Fisheries Integrated fish farming Carp breeding and hatchery management Carp fry and fingerling rearing Composite fish culture Hatchery management and culture of freshwater prawn Breeding and culture of ornamental fishes Portable plastic carp hatchery Pen culture of fish and prawn Shrimp farming

57

Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Edible oyster farming Pearl culture Fish processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total IX Production of Inputs at site Seed Production Planting material production Bio-agents production Bio-pesticides production Bio-fertilizer production Vermi-compost production 1 62 11 73 6 0 6 68 11 79 Organic manures production 1 109 4 113 2 0 2 111 4 115 Production of fry and fingerlings Production of Bee-colonies and wax sheets Small tools and implements Production of livestock feed and fodder Production of Fish feed Mushroom Production Apiculture (Honey bee keeping) 1 14 31 45 0 0 0 14 31 45 Others (pl specify) Total 3 185 46 231 8 0 8 193 46 239 X CapacityBuilding and Group Dynamics Leadership development Group dynamics Formation and Management of SHGs Mobilization of social capital Entrepreneurial development of farmers/youths WTO and IPR issues Others (pl specify) Total XI Agro-forestry Production technologies Nursery management Integrated Farming Systems 1 115 3 118 7 4 11 122 7 129 Others (pl specify) Total 1 115 3 118 7 4 11 122 7 129 GRAND TOTAL 16 824 253 1077 52 39 91 876 292 1168

58

Farmers’ Training including sponsored training programmes (off campus) Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total I Crop Production Weed Management Resource Conservation Technologies Cropping Systems Crop Diversification Integrated Farming Micro Irrigation/irrigation Seed production 1 31 4 35 0 0 0 31 4 35 Nursery management Integrated Crop Management 2 31 1 32 13 2 15 44 3 47 Soil & water conservatioin Integrated nutrient management 1 16 4 20 0 0 0 16 4 20 Production of organic inputs Others (pl specify) Total 4 78 9 87 13 2 15 91 11 102 II Horticulture a) Vegetable Crops Production of low value and high valume crops Off-season vegetables Nursery raising Exotic vegetables Export potential vegetables Grading and standardization Protective cultivation Others (pl specify) Total (a) b) Fruits Training and Pruning Layout and Management of Orchards Cultivation of Fruit Management of young plants/orchards Rejuvenation of old orchards Export potential fruits Micro irrigation systems of orchards Plant propagation techniques Others (pl specify) Total (b) c) Ornamental Plants Nursery Management Management of potted plants Export potential of ornamental plants Propagation techniques of Ornamental Plants Others (pl specify) Total ( c) d) Plantation crops Production and Management technology Processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (d)

59

Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total e) Tuber crops Production and Management technology Processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (e) f) Spices Production and Management technology Processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (f) g) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Nursery management Production and management technology Post harvest technology and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (g) GT (a-g) III Soil Health and Fertility Management Soil fertility management Integrated water management Integrated Nutrient Management Production and use of organic inputs Management of Problematic soils Micro nutrient deficiency in crops Nutrient Use Efficiency Balance use of fertilizers Soil and Water Testing Others (pl specify) Total IV Livestock Production and Management Dairy Management 1 31 0 31 0 0 0 31 0 31 Poultry Management 1 8 5 13 0 0 0 8 5 13 Piggery Management Rabbit Management Animal Nutrition Management Disease Management 1 14 7 21 0 0 0 14 7 21 Feed & fodder technology Production of quality animal products Others (pl specify) Total 3 53 12 65 53 12 65 V Home Science/Women empowerment Household food security by kitchen gardening and nutrition gardening Design and development of low/minimum cost diet Designing and development for high nutrient efficiency

60

Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total diet Minimization of nutrient loss in processing Processing and cooking Gender mainstreaming through SHGs Storage loss minimization techniques Value addition Women empowerment Location specific drudgery reduction technologies Rural Crafts Women and child care Others (pl specify) Total VI Agril. Engineering Farm Machinary and its maintenance Installation and maintenance of micro irrigation systems Use of Plastics in farming practices Production of small tools and implements Repair and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Small scale processing and value addition Post Harvest Technology Others (pl specify) Total VII Plant Protection Integrated Pest Management 8 158 6 164 7 2 9 165 8 173 Integrated Disease Management 1 30 6 36 0 0 0 30 6 36 Bio-control of pests and diseases Production of bio control agents and bio pesticides Others (pl specify) Total 9 188 12 200 7 2 9 195 14 209 VIII Fisheries Integrated fish farming Carp breeding and hatchery management Carp fry and fingerling rearing Composite fish culture Hatchery management and culture of freshwater prawn Breeding and culture of ornamental fishes Portable plastic carp hatchery Pen culture of fish and prawn Shrimp farming Edible oyster farming Pearl culture Fish processing and value addition Others (pl specify)

61

Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Total IX Production of Inputs at site Seed Production Planting material production Bio-agents production Bio-pesticides production Bio-fertilizer production Vermi-compost production Organic manures production Production of fry and fingerlings Production of Bee-colonies and wax sheets Small tools and implements Production of livestock feed and fodder Production of Fish feed Mushroom Production Apiculture Others (pl specify) Total X Capacity Building and Group Dynamics Leadership development Group dynamics Formation and Management of SHGs 1 0 34 34 0 0 0 0 34 34 Mobilization of social capital Entrepreneurial development of farmers/youths WTO and IPR issues Others (pl specify) Total 1 0 34 34 0 0 0 0 34 34 XI Agro-forestry Production technologies Nursery management Integrated Farming Systems Others (pl specify) Total GRAND TOTAL 17 319 67 386 20 4 24 339 71 410

62

Farmers’ Training including sponsored training programmes – CONSOLIDATED (On + Off campus) Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total I Crop Production Weed Management Resource Conservation Technologies Cropping Systems Crop Diversification Integrated Farming Micro Irrigation/irrigation Seed production 2 59 8 67 0 0 0 59 8 67 Nursery management Integrated Crop Management 2 31 1 32 13 2 15 44 3 47 Soil & water conservatioin Integrated nutrient management 1 16 4 20 0 0 0 16 4 20 Production of organic inputs Others (pl specify) Total 5 106 13 119 13 2 15 119 15 134 II Horticulture a) Vegetable Crops Production of low value and high valume crops 1 64 4 68 2 0 2 66 4 70 Off-season vegetables Nursery raising Exotic vegetables Export potential vegetables Grading and standardization Protective cultivation Others (pl specify) Total (a) 1 64 4 68 2 0 2 66 4 70 b) Fruits Training and Pruning Layout and Management of Orchards Cultivation of Fruit Management of young plants/orchards Rejuvenation of old orchards Export potential fruits Micro irrigation systems of orchards Plant propagation techniques Others (pl specify) Total (b) c) Ornamental Plants Nursery Management Management of potted plants Export potential of ornamental plants Propagation techniques of Ornamental Plants Others (pl specify) Total ( c) d) Plantation crops Production and Management technology Processing and value addition 1 42 4 46 2 0 2 44 4 48 Others (pl specify) Total (d) 1 42 4 46 2 0 2 44 4 48 e) Tuber crops Production and Management

63

Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total technology Processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (e) f) Spices Production and Management technology Processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (f) g) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Nursery management Production and management technology Post harvest technology and value addition Others (pl specify) Total (g) GT (a-g) 2 106 8 114 4 0 4 110 8 118 III Soil Health and Fertility Management Soil fertility management 1 10 5 15 0 0 0 10 5 15 Integrated water management Integrated Nutrient Management Production and use of organic inputs Management of Problematic soils Micro nutrient deficiency in crops Nutrient Use Efficiency Balance use of fertilizers Soil and Water Testing Others (pl specify) Total 1 10 5 15 0 0 0 10 5 15 IV Livestock Production and Management Dairy Management 1 41 5 46 0 0 0 41 5 46 Poultry Management 1 8 5 13 0 0 0 8 5 13 Piggery Management Rabbit Management Animal Nutrition Management Disease Management 1 14 7 21 0 0 0 14 7 21 Feed & fodder technology Production of quality animal products 1 131 10 141 11 12 23 142 22 164 Others (pl specify) Total 5 204 32 236 11 12 23 215 44 259 V Home Science/Women empowerment Household food security by kitchen gardening and nutrition gardening Design and development of low/minimum cost diet Designing and development for high nutrient efficiency diet Minimization of nutrient loss

64

Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total in processing Processing and cooking Gender mainstreaming through SHGs 1 0 18 18 0 9 9 0 27 27 Storage loss minimization techniques Value addition Women empowerment 1 0 154 154 0 14 14 0 168 168 Location specific drudgery reduction technologies Rural Crafts Women and child care Others (pl specify) Total 2 0 172 172 0 23 23 0 195 195 VI Agril. Engineering Farm Machinary and its maintenance Installation and maintenance of micro irrigation systems Use of Plastics in farming practices Production of small tools and implements Repair and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Small scale processing and value addition Post Harvest Technology Others (pl specify) Total VII Plant Protection Integrated Pest Management 10 236 10 246 14 2 16 250 12 262 Integrated Disease Management 3 150 6 156 7 0 7 157 6 163 Bio-control of pests and diseases Production of bio control agents and bio pesticides Others (pl specify) Total 13 386 16 402 21 2 23 407 18 325 VIII Fisheries Integrated fish farming Carp breeding and hatchery management Carp fry and fingerling rearing Composite fish culture Hatchery management and culture of freshwater prawn Breeding and culture of ornamental fishes Portable plastic carp hatchery Pen culture of fish and prawn Shrimp farming Edible oyster farming Pearl culture Fish processing and value addition Others (pl specify) Total IX Production of Inputs at

65

Thematic area No. of Participants courses Others SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total site Seed Production Planting material production Bio-agents production Bio-pesticides production Bio-fertilizer production Vermi-compost production 1 62 11 73 6 0 6 68 11 79 Organic manures production 1 109 4 113 2 0 2 111 4 115 Production of fry and fingerlings Production of Bee-colonies and wax sheets Small tools and implements Production of livestock feed and fodder Production of Fish feed Mushroom Production Apiculture 1 14 31 45 0 0 0 14 31 45 Others (pl specify) Total 3 185 46 231 8 0 8 193 46 239 X CapacityBuilding and Group Dynamics Leadership development Group dynamics Formation and Management of SHGs 1 0 34 34 0 0 0 0 34 34 Mobilization of social capital Entrepreneurial development of farmers/youths WTO and IPR issues Others (pl specify) ICT application Total 1 0 34 34 0 0 0 0 34 34 XI Agro-forestry Production technologies Nursery management Integrated Farming Systems 1 115 3 118 7 4 11 122 7 129 Others (pl specify) Total 1 115 3 118 7 4 11 122 7 129 GRAND TOTAL 33 1290 173 1463 80 35 115 1370 208 1578

Training for Rural Youths including sponsored training programmes (On campus)

No. of Participants No. of General SC/ST Grand Total Area of training Courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Nursery Management of Horticulture crops Training and pruning of orchards Protected cultivation of vegetable crops Commercial fruit production Integrated farming Seed production Production of organic inputs Planting material production Vermi-culture

66

Mushroom Production 2 27 7 34 3 0 3 30 7 37 Bee-keeping 1 45 0 45 0 0 0 45 - 45 Sericulture Repair and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Value addition Small scale processing Post Harvest Technology Tailoring and Stitching Rural Crafts Production of quality 1 22 3 25 3 0 3 25 3 28 animal products Dairying Sheep and goat rearing Quail farming Piggery Rabbit farming Poultry production Ornamental fisheries Composite fish culture Freshwater prawn culture Shrimp farming Pearl culture Cold water fisheries Fish harvest and processing technology Fry and fingerling rearing Any other (pl.specify) TOTAL 4 94 10 104 6 0 6 100 10 110

Training for Rural Youth including sponsored training programmes (Off campus)

No. of Participants No. of Area of training General SC/ST Grand Total Courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Nursery Management of Horticulture crops Training and pruning of orchards Protected cultivation of vegetable crops Commercial fruit production Integrated farming Seed production Production of organic inputs Planting material production Vermi-culture Mushroom Production Bee-keeping Sericulture Repair and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Value addition Small scale processing Post Harvest Technology Tailoring and Stitching Rural Crafts Production of quality animal products

67

Dairying Sheep and goat rearing Quail farming Piggery Rabbit farming Poultry production Ornamental fisheries Composite fish culture Freshwater prawn culture Shrimp farming Pearl culture Cold water fisheries Fish harvest and processing technology Fry and fingerling rearing Any other (pl.specify) TOTAL

Training for Rural Youths including sponsored training programmes – CONSOLIDATED (On + Off campus)

No. of Participants No. of Area of training General SC/ST Grand Total Courses Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Nursery Management of Horticulture crops Training and pruning of orchards Protected cultivation of vegetable crops Commercial fruit production Integrated farming Seed production Production of organic inputs Planting material production Vermi-culture Mushroom Production 2 27 7 34 3 0 3 30 7 37 Bee-keeping 1 45 0 45 0 0 0 45 0 45 Sericulture Repair and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Value addition Small scale processing Post Harvest Technology Tailoring and Stitching Rural Crafts Production of quality 1 22 3 25 3 0 3 25 3 28 animal products Dairying Sheep and goat rearing Quail farming Piggery Rabbit farming Poultry production Ornamental fisheries Composite fish culture Freshwater prawn culture Shrimp farming Pearl culture Cold water fisheries Fish harvest and

68 processing technology Fry and fingerling rearing Any other (pl.specify) TOTAL 4 94 10 104 6 0 6 100 10 110

69

Training programmes for Extension Personnel including sponsored training programmes (On campus)

No. of Participants No. of Area of training Courses General SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Productivity enhancement in field crops 2 74 52 126 12 5 17 86 57 143 Integrated Pest Management 4 152 86 238 18 4 22 170 90 260 Integrated Nutrient management 3 116 62 178 18 3 21 134 65 199 Rejuvenation of old orchards Protected cultivation technology Production and use of organic inputs Care and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Gender mainstreaming through SHGs Formation and Management of SHGs Women and Child care Low cost and nutrient efficient diet designing Group Dynamics and farmers organization Information networking among farmers Capacity building for ICT application Management in farm animals Livestock feed and fodder production Household food security Any other (pl.specify) TOTAL 9 342 200 542 48 12 60 390 212 602

Training programmes for Extension Personnel including sponsored training programmes (off campus)

No. of Participants No. of Area of training Courses General SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Productivity enhancement in field crops Integrated Pest Management 1 42 8 50 8 3 11 50 11 61 Integrated Nutrient management Rejuvenation of old orchards Protected cultivation technology Production and use of organic inputs Care and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Gender mainstreaming through SHGs

70

Formation and Management of SHGs Women and Child care Low cost and nutrient efficient diet designing Group Dynamics and farmers organization Information networking among farmers Capacity building for ICT application Management in farm animals Livestock feed and fodder production Household food security Any other (pl.specify) TOTAL 1 42 8 50 8 3 11 50 11 61

Training programmes for Extension Personnel including sponsored training programmes – CONSOLIDATED (On + Off campus)

No. of Participants No. of Area of training Courses General SC/ST Grand Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Productivity enhancement in field crops 2 74 52 126 12 5 17 86 57 143 Integrated Pest Management 5 194 94 288 26 7 33 220 101 321 Integrated Nutrient management 3 116 62 178 18 3 21 134 65 199 Rejuvenation of old orchards Protected cultivation technology Production and use of organic inputs Care and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Gender mainstreaming through SHGs Formation and Management of SHGs Women and Child care Low cost and nutrient efficient diet designing Group Dynamics and farmers organization Information networking among farmers Capacity building for ICT application Management in farm animals Livestock feed and fodder production Household food security Any other (pl.specify) TOTAL 10 384 208 592 56 15 71 440 223 663

71 Table. Sponsored training programmes

No. of No. of Participants Course Area of training s General SC/ST Grand Total Mal Femal Tota Mal Femal Tota Mal Femal Tota e e l e e l e e l

Crop production and management Increasing production and productivity of crops Commercial production of vegetables Production and value addition Fruit Plants Ornamental plants Spices crops Soil health and fertility management Production of Inputs at site Methods of protective cultivation Others (pl. specify) Total Post harvest technology and value addition Processing and value addition Others (pl. specify) Total Farm machinery Farm machinery, tools and implements Others (pl. specify) Total Livestock and fisheries Livestock production and management 1 25 3 28 0 0 0 25 3 28 Animal Nutrition Management Animal Disease Management Fisheries Nutrition Fisheries Management Others (pl. specify) Total 1 25 3 28 0 0 0 25 3 28 Home Science Household nutritional security Economic empowerment of women Drudgery reduction of women Others (pl. specify) Total Agricultural Extension CapacityBuilding and Group Dynamics Others (pl. specify) Total GRAND TOTAL 1 25 3 28 0 0 0 25 3 28

Name of sponsoring agencies involved

Details of vocational training programmes carried out by KVKs for rural youth No. of Participants No. of Area of training Cours General SC/ST Grand Total es Femal Male Female Total Male Total Male Female Total e Crop production and management Commercial floriculture Commercial fruit production Commercial vegetable production Integrated crop management Organic farming

72 Others (pl. specify) Total Post harvest technology and value addition Value addition Others (pl. specify) Total Livestock and fisheries Dairy farming 1 25 3 28 0 0 0 25 3 28 Composite fish culture Sheep and goat rearing Piggery Poultry farming Others (pl. specify) Total 1 25 3 28 0 0 0 25 3 28 Income generation activities Vermicomposting Production of bio-agents, bio- pesticides, bio-fertilizers etc. Repair and maintenance of farm machinery and implements Rural Crafts Seed production Sericulture Mushroom cultivation Nursery, grafting etc. Tailoring, stitching, embroidery, dying etc. Agril. para-workers, para-vet training Others (pl. specify) Total Agricultural Extension Capacity building and group dynamics Others (pl. specify) Total Grand Total 1 25 3 28 0 0 0 25 3 28

73 5. Extension Programmes No. of TOTAL Activities No. of programmes No. of farmers Extension Personnel Advisory Services 535 694 - 694 Diagnostic visits 52 157 - 157 Field Day 2 99 - 99 Group discussions 7 140 - 140 Kisan Ghosthi - - - Film Show 25 1168 602 1770 Self -help groups 1 25 - 25 Kisan Mela 1 165 - 165 Exhibition 4 513 - 513 Scientists' visit to farmers field 121 247 - 247 Plant/animal health camps 2 65 - 65 Farm Science Club - - - Ex-trainees Sammelan - - - Farmers' seminar/workshop 12 (Zonal workshop) 473 - 473 Method Demonstrations 4 130 - 130 Celebration of important days 5 727 - 727 Special day celebration 4 72 - 72 Exposure visits 4 140 - 140 Others (pl. specify) - - - - Total 779 4815 602 5417

Details of other extension programmes Particulars Number Electronic Media (CD./DVD) 5 Extension Literature 7 News paper coverage 18 Popular articles - Radio Talks 7 TV Talks 34 Animal health amps (Number of animals treated) 78 Others (pl. specify) Farmers visit to KVK 323 Total 472

74 Messages sent MOBILE ADVISORY SERVICES THROUGH MKISAN PORTAL No of registered farmers: 8452 Types of Type of messages Other Messages Crop Livestock Weather Marketing Awareness enterprise Total

of No messages of No farmers of No messages of No farmers of No messages of No farmers of No messages of No farmers of No messages of No farmers of No messages of No farmers of No messages of No farmers Text only 7 49450 3 14612 0 0 0 0 2 14370 2 13750 14 92182 Voice only Voice & Text both Total Messages 7 3 2 2 14 Total farmers Benefitted 49450 14612 14370 13750 92182

MOBILE ADVISORY SERVICES THROUGH OTHERS

No of registered farmers:213 Types of Type of messages Other Messages Crop Livestock Weather Marketing Awareness enterprise Total

No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers No of messages No of farmers Text only 58 213 10 213 - - - - 3 213 3 213 74 213 Voice only ------Voice & Text both ------Total Messages 58 213 10 213 - - - - 3 213 3 213 74 213 Total farmers Benefitted 58 213 10 213 - - - - 3 213 3 213 74 213

6. DETAILS OF TECHNOLOGY WEEK CELEBRATIONS

Types of Activities No. of Number of Related crop/livestock technology Activities Participants Gosthies Lectures organised Exhibition Film show Fair Farm Visit Diagnostic Practicals 2 65 Fall army worm management Distribution of Literature (No.) Distribution of Seed (q)

75 Distribution of Planting materials (No.) Bio Product distribution (Kg) Bio Fertilizers (q) Distribution of fingerlings Distribution of Livestock specimen (No.) Total number of farmers visited the technology week

7.PRODUCTION OF SEED/PLANTING MATERIAL AND BIO-PRODUCTS

Production of seeds by the KVKs (give quantity of seed in quintals only )

Seed produced Seed supplied to Seed supplied to farmers other agencies (KVKs & TNAU Variet Free seed Priced seed Enterprise Name of crop station) y Quantit Value y (q) (Rs) Qua No of Val No of ntity farm ue Quanti farmer Value Quantit Value (q) ers (Rs) ty (q) s (Rs) y (q) (Rs) CEREALS Wheat Paddy CO 52 31.50 103950 4.31 10 14223 20.88 68904 TKM 13 9.06 10 29898 1.67 5511

Maize Sorghum (Jowar/Cholam/J onna) Pearl Millet (Bajra/Cumbu/Sa jja) Finger millet (Ragi) Foxtail Millet (Korra/Thenai) CO 7 0.07 3 420 0.38 2280 Barnyard Millet (Kuthiraivali/Ud alu, Kodisama) Kodo Millet (Varagu/Arikelu) Little Millet (Samai/Samalu) Proso Millet (Pani Varagu/variga) Barley Brown top millet Total Cereals 31.50 103950 13.44 23 44541 22.93 76695 TMV 152602 OIL SEEDS Groundnut 13 19.17 157194 0.56 3 4592 18.61 TMV 14 1.10 9020 1.10 9020

Sunflower Safflower Sesame TMV 4 1.665 36 21645 TMV 7 1.27 16510

Castor Niger Rapeseed & Mustard Linseed Soybean Total Oil Seeds 21.54 182724 2.225 39 26237 19.71 161622

76 Pigeon pea (Red PULSES Gram) Chick pea (Bengal gram) Green gram CO 8 0.40 11 4800 2.00 24000 Black gram VBN 6 2.09 26 25080 2.00 24000 VBN 8 8.37 100440 0.85 8 10200 1.95 23400

Cowpea Horse gram Lentil Rajma Field pea Others (Moth bean) TMV 1 4.18 29260 5.20 21 36400

Total Pulses 12.55 129700 8.54 66 76480 5.95 71400 Bhendi VEGATAB (Okra/Ladies LES finger) seeds French bean Radish Onion Chilli (Seeds) Tomato (Seeds) Brinjal (Seeds) Gourds (snake, bottle, bitter, ribbed etc) Pumpkin Vegetable Pea Others (Amaranthus) CO 1 0.11 5500 0.0025 1 125 Total Vegetables 0.11 5500 0.0025 1 125

FRUITS seeds

Total Fruits FLOWERS seeds

Total Flowers Turmeric SPICES rhizome seeds Coriander Garlic Fenugreek

Total Spices COFS FODDER Fodder Sorghum 31 0.3325 13300 0.1825 34 7300 0.15 6000 seeds Fodder Cowpea Desmanthus/Hed ge lucerne Lucerne Stylo Alfalfa Berseem

77 Total Fodder 0.3325 13300 0.1825 34 7300 0.15 6000 Special Planting Potato

Materials Small onion bulb Sugarcane setts (if sold by (Quintals) weight) Total special planting materials

GREEN Dhaincha

MANURE Sesbania seeds Sunnhemp 0.43 1 2580 Other Green manure seeds Total Green Menure seeds 0.43 1 2580 COMMER CIAL Cotton Other Commercial CROPS Crop seeds Other Commercial seeds Crop seeds Total Commercial Crops Grand Total of 0.3325 13300 0.43 1 2580 0.15 6000 Seeds

Production of planting materials by the KVKs (seedlings, cuttings. Slips in numbers)

Planting material produced Planting material supplied to farmers Planting material supplied to other Free supply Priced Enterprise Name of crop Variety agencies Quantity Value Quanti No of Valu Quanti No of Valu (Nos) (Rs) ty farm e ty farmer e Quantit Value (Nos) ers (Rs) (Nos) s (Rs) y (Nos) (Rs) VEGATA Brinjal BLES seedlings Chilli seedlings Tomato seedlings Cabbage seedlings Cauliflower seedlings Broccoli seedlings Capsicum seedlings Onion seedlings Onion bulb (aggregatum) Cucumber seedlings Bottle gourd seedlings Bitter gourd seedlings Sponge gourd seedlings Pumpkin seedlings Knolkhol seedlings Summer

78 Squash seedlings Marrow seedlings Total Vegetable planting materials FRUITS Aonla grafts Litchi seedlings Bangalo and Mango ra 154 10780 33 4 2310 Bangana palli 380 26600 37 8 2590 Alphons a 83 5810 39 8 2730 Imam pasand 434 70380 39 10 2730 Papaya cuttings seedlings Luckno Guava w 49 130 6500 11 5 550

Jack fruit Beal Citrus Lemon Mausammi Karonda Pomegranate Custard apple Apple Ber Jamun Pear Peach Kiwi

Apricot Walnut Banana succers Banana seedlings Total Fruit 130 6500 11 5 550 planting materials FLOWER S AND Marigold ORNAME Tube Rose NTAL (Rajnigandha) PLANTS Chrysanthmum seedlings and Rose Hibiscus cuttings (Gudhal) Crotan plant Calandula (Pot marigold) Vervina Pendula Baugain villia Durenta Golden

79 Gladiolus Harshingar Glardia Ficus benajamina Red erration Poppy Sweet William Chirayata Ashok Total Flowers and Ornamental planting materials MEDICIN AL Lemon Grass AND Aswagandha AROMAT IC Satawar PLANTS Mahogani seedlings and Turmeric cuttings Total medicinal and aromatic FORESTR Y Poplar AND Arjun PLANTA TION Siris CROPS Catechu seedlings and Chironji cuttings Mahua Karanj Neem Teak Eucalyptus Saguan Samel Casuarina Coconut seedlings Arecanut seedlings Total forest and plantation crops FODDER Napier grass slips Para grass Super Napier grass Sudax Chery Cumbu Napier CO BN 5 46486 27892 28486 37 17092 18000 10800 grass (Co 3, Co 4, Co 5 etc) Other fodder CO 1 16000 24000 16000 24000 plants (Specify)

80 Guinea grass Total Fodder 62486 51892 28486 37 17092 34000 34800 crops SPICES Turmeric Coriander Garlic Fenugreek Other Fibre Crops (Specify - seed only) Total Spices Fodder Sorghum Fodder Cowpea Desmanthus/He dge lucerne Lucerne Stylo Alfalfa Berseem Other Fodder Seeds Total Fodder GREEN Dhaincha MANURE Sesbania Sunnhemp Other Green manure seeds Total Green Menure seeds Special Mushroom Planting spawn 8 240 8 2 240 Sugarcane setts (If sold by Materials Numbers) Other seed sold by materials (sold numbers by numbers) Total special planting materials 8 240 8 2 240 Paddy Any other seedlings planting Any other material (specify) sold by numbers Total Commercial Crops Grand Total of 8 240 8 2 240 68000 69600 Seeds

Production of Bio-Products

Bio-products Comm produced Bio-products supplied to farmers bio-products ercial supplied to other Name of the Free distribution Priced Category name Valu agencies product Quantit (if e Quan No of No of Valu y (kg) any) (Rs) tity farm Value Quantit farmer e Quantit Value (kgs) ers (Rs) y (kgs) s (Rs) y (kgs) (Rs) Bio- fertilizers Rhyzobium Azotobacter

81 Acetobacter Azospirillum

BGA 32.5 1625 32.5 45 1625 Azolla Azolla

VAM Phosphate solubilizers Potassium Solubilizers Sulphur Solubilizers Waste decomposer Bio composting culture Other Effective Micro Organisms (Specify) Total bio- 32.5 1625 32.5 45 1625 fertilizers

Bio-inputs Panchakavya Vermi 6000 6000 5925 41 5925 compo 0 0 Vermicompost st Earth worms for Earthworms for vermic vermicompost ompost Compost Other bio- inputs (specify) Total bio- 6000 5925 inputs 6000 0 5925 41 0 Bio- Beauveria Pesticides bassiana for insect Trichoderma 3700 pests viridi 370 0 370 37000 Fungal Metarrhizium diseases anisoplae Psuedomonas 3670 Nematodes 367 0 367 36700 EPN

Trichogramma (Unit) Insect Parasitoids (Specify) Insect Parasitoids (Specify) Insect Parasitoids (Specify) Insect Parasitoids (Specify) Insect Parasitoids (Specify) Neem Soap

Pongamia Soap

Botanicals (Specify) Total bio- 7370 pesticides 737 0 737 73700 Total bio- 1353 products 6769.5 25 5957.5 86 60875 737 73700

82 Production of livestock materials

Variety/i Production Supplied to farmers mproved Supplied to other Name of the species Free distribution Priced agencies Valu Category livestock/fish/f name/Co Quanti e eed mmercial ty (No) Qua No of Valu No of name (Rs) ntity farm e Quantit farmer Value Quantit Value (if any) (No) ers (Rs) y (No) s (Rs) y (No) (Rs) Dairy cattle Cow Cow Cow Calf Cow Calf Bufallo Bufallo Bufallo calf Bufallo calf Other diary cattle (Specify) Total Dairy Cattle Goat and Tellicher Sheep Goat ry 4 4 22341 Goat Goat Sheep Sheep Sheep Lamb Lamb Other goat/sheep (Specify) Total goat and sheep 4 4 22341 Nanthana Poultry Desi bird m 2 7 7 1990 Desi bird Desi bird chicks Desi bird chicks Broiler Layer Dual purpose birds Japanese Quail Turkey

Emu

Ducks

Desi bird egg Nanthana m 2 egg 123 738 123 16 738 Broiler hybrid egg Layer egg (breeding) Egg (Commercial) Quail egg (breeding)

83 Quail egg (commercial) Others under poultry (specify) 123 16 738 Total poultry 123 738 Pigs adults PIGGERY Piglets

Pork

Others related to piggery) Total Piggery Fingerlings of Fish type FISHERY (specify) Catla, Fish meat (kg) Rohu 11.5 1380 11.5 11 1380 Total Fishery 11.5 1380 11.5 11 1380 Grand Total 23 2760 23 22 2760 Livestock and fishery

8. DETAILS OF SOIL, WATER AND PLANT ANALYSIS

Samples/ No. of Samples No. of Farmers No. of Villages Amount realized (Rs.) SHC Using Mini Soil Through Testing Lab Traditional Lab Soil samples 241 300 435 101 12300 Soil Health 241 300 435 101 12300 Cards (SHC)

Samples No.of Samples No.of Farmers No.of Villages Amount realized (Rs.) Water 35 35 35 1750 Plant 8 8 8 -- Manure 5 5 5 -- Others (pl.specify) Total 48 48 48 1750

9. SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Date of SAC meeting Number of members attended 12.02.2019 38

Proceedings enclosed in chapter 1.8

84 10. PUBLICATIONS

Publications in journals

S. Authors Year Title Journal No Nil

Other publications

S.N Item Year Authors Title Publisher o 1 Books 2018 S.Sangeetha, Vegetables at a glance (ISBN Newsman V.K.Satya, 9788190788182) Publications, Madurai M. Jayaramachandran, M. Balumahendiran and K.Parameswari 2019 K.Parameswari, Climate resilient agricultural TNAU Press, M. Balumahendiran, technologies Coimbatore V.K.Satya S.Sangeetha S.Ramadass, M.Prabu M.Jawaharlal 2019 K.Parameswari, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, TNAU Press, M. Balumahendiran, Villupuram at a glance Coimbatore S.Sangeetha , V.K.Satya, S.Ramadass, M.Prabu M.Jawaharlal 2 Book 2018 V.K.Satya, Honey bee keeping KVK, chapters S.Sangeetha, Villupuram / M. Jayaramachandran, booklets M. Balumahendiran and K.Parameswari 2018 K.Parameswari, Seed Certification KVK, M. Jayaramachandran, Villupuram S.Sangeetha, V.K.Satya and M. Balumahendiran 2018 M. Jayaramachandran, Protection of Plant varieties KVK, V.K.Satya, and Farmers Right Act 2001 Villupuram S.Sangeetha, M. Balumahendiran and K.Parameswari 2018 S.Sangeetha, Production technologies for KVK, V.K.Satya, Minor millets Villupuram M. Balumahendiran and K.Parameswari 3 Training - - - - manuals 4 Confere 2018 Balumahendiran.M, Sustainable and successful Krishi

85 nce, Sangeetha, S., Integrated Farming System Sanskriti proceedi Jayaramachandran.M, model for Dry land Publications, ng Satya, V.K and Agriculture- an Initiative papers, Parameswari, K. towards climate change. popular 847302. p. 58-61. articles, ISBN:978-93-85822-66-7 Bulletin 2018 S.Sangeetha, Impact of initiative For s, Short K.Parameshwari, Nutritional Security Through commu Intensive Millet Promotion in nication K.Kavitha and Villupuram District In s M. Jayaramachandran Proceedings of the International conference on invigorating transformation of farm extension towards sustainable development: Futuristic challenges and prospects – INTFES - 18 2018 S.Sangeetha, Awareness Level of Climate J.Venkatapirabu, Change Among Paddy Farmers in Nagapattinam K.Indumathy and District in Proceedings of the V.Meenakchi International conference on invigorating transformation of farm extension towards sustainable development: Futuristic challenges and prospects – INTFES - 18 2018 M. Jayaramachandran, Arka Akash - A K.Parameswari, Remunerative High Yielding M. Balumahendiran, Watermelon Hybrid suitable S.Sangeetha and For Villupuram District In V.K.Satya Proceedings of the International conference on invigorating transformation of farm extension towards sustainable development: Futuristic challenges and prospects – INTFES - 18 2018 M. Jayaramachandran, CO 7 Tenai variety – A K.Parameswari, remunerative millet crop M. Balumahendiran, suitable for Villupuram S.Sangeetha and district In Proceedings of the V.K.Satya International conference on invigorating transformation of farm extension towards sustainable development : Futuristic challenges and prospects – INTFES - 18 2018 V.K.Satya, Adoption of climate smart S.Sangeetha, water management techniques K.Parameswari, in rice – Pani-pipe method In M. Jayaramachandran Proceedings of the and International conference on M. Balumahendiran invigorating transformation of

86 farm extension towards sustainable development : Futuristic challenges and prospects – INTFES - 18 2018 K.Kavitha, Emphasizing the farmers in V.K.Satya, adopting ecofriendly S.Sangeetha and management practices for blast and sheath blight in K.Parameswari, paddy in Proceedings of the International conference on invigorating transformation of farm extension towards sustainable development : Futuristic challenges and prospects – INTFES - 18 5 Technic 2018 V.K.Satya, New generation pesticides KVK, al S.Sangeetha, Villupuram bulletin/ M. Jayaramachandran, Folders/ M. Balumahendiran and leaflets K.Parameswari 2018 V.K.Satya, Honey bee keeping KVK, Villu M. Jayaramachandran, puram S.Sangeetha, M. Balumahendiran and K.Parameswari 2018 V.K.Satya, Symptoms and management of KVK, fall army worm M. Jayaramachandran, Villupuram S.Sangeetha, M. Balumahendiran, S. Ramadass and K.Parameswari 2018 V.K.Satya, Production technologies in KVK, S.Sangeetha, flower crops Villupuram M. Balumahendiran, S. Ramadass, M. Prabu and K.Parameswari 2018 M. Jayaramachandran, Rice production technologies KVK, V.K.Satya, S.Sangeetha, for samba Villupuram M. Balumahendiran and K.Parameswari 2018 S.Sangeetha, High yielding blackgram KVK, V.K.Satya, variety – VBN 6 Villupuram M. Balumahendiran, S. Ramadass, and K.Parameswari 2018 M. Jayaramachandran, Production technologies for KVK, S.Sangeetha, V.K.Satya Cassava Villupuram and M. Balumahendiran and K.Parameswari 2018 S.Sangeetha, V.K.Satya, Production technologies for KVK,

87 M. Jayaramachandran, Maize Villupuram M. Balumahendiran and K.Parameswari 2018 M. Jayaramachandran, Storage pests management KVK, V.K.Satya, S.Sangeetha, Villupuram M. Balumahendiran and K.Parameswari 6 Reports 2018 Programme Coordinator,  Annual Report 2017-18 KVK, KVK, Tindivanam  IX SAC Report Villupuram  X SAC Report  NICRA Annual Report 2017-18  NICRA Annual Action Plan 2018-19  CFLD Pulses and Oilseeds Report 7 DVD 2018 S.Sangeetha, Climate resilient agricultural KVK, V.K.Satya, M. technologies Villupuram Balumahendiran, M. Jayaramachandran, K.Parameswari and H. Philip 2018 K.Parameswari, Farmers Success story V.K.Satya, S.Sangeetha, M. Balumahendiran, KVK, S. Ramadass, M. Prabu, Villupuram A. Vijayalakshmi, S. Kamaladevi and C. Venkateswaran

Newsletter/Magazine Name of News Frequency No. of Copies printed for distribution letter/Magazine Newsletter -Velan Quarterly 1000 Kathir

3. Training/workshops/seminars etc details attended by KVK staff

Name of the staff Title Dates Duration Organized by Dr. K.Parameswari Workshop on " Whole 11.5.2018 1 day ICRISAT, Hyderabad farm systems modelling for decision making in technology" at ICRISAT, Hyderabad Dr. K.Parameswari Annual Workshop 20.09.2018 3 days ATARI, Hyderabad to 22.09.2018

88 Dr. V.K. Satya NADP sponsored Training 15.2.2018 1 day Department of Agricultural on “Agro Advisory Meteorology, TNAU, Services - Web cum Coimbatore Mobile App” organized by Dr. K.Parameswari Workshop on Agro 9.11.2018 1 day FC & RI, Mettupalayam Forestry Dr. K.Parameswari Fourth National 19.11.2018 2 days TNJFU Chennai and Conference on to Agricultural Tamil Society, Agricultural Scientific 20.11.2018 New Delhi Tamil Dr. V.K. Satya Fourth National 19.11.2018 2 days TNJFU Chennai and Conference on to Agricultural Tamil Society, Agricultural Scientific 20.11.2018 New Delhi Tamil Dr. K.Parameswari PFMS (Public Financial 8.1.2019 1 day TNAU, Coimbatore Management System) training Dr. S. Sangeetha Prospects of Organic 16.3.2019 1 day Gandhigram Rural Farming and Enterprises University, Dindigul Development in 21st Century Dr. V.K. Satya Prospects of Organic 16.3.2019 1 day Gandhigram Rural Farming and Enterprises University, Dindigul Development in 21st Century Dr. V.K. Satya 5th Annual Seed workshop 20.3.2019 1 day TNAU, Coimbatore

Dr. S. Sangeetha Agricultural Journalism 27.03.2019 3 days NAARM, Hyderabad to 29.03.2019

11. DETAILS ON RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE AND MICRO-IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Activities conducted No. of Training No. of Demonstration s No. of plant materials Visit by Visit by programmes produced farmers officials (No.) (No.) - - - - -

89 12. INTERVENTIONS ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT/UNSEASONAL RAINFALL/HAILSTORM/COLD WAVES ETC

Introduction of alternate crops/varieties Crops/cultivars Area (ha) Extent of damage Recovery of damage through KVK initiatives if any - - - - Total

Major area coverage under alternate crops/varieties Crops Area (ha) Number of beneficiaries Oilseeds - - Pulses - - Cereals - - Vegetable crops - - Tuber crops - - Total - -

Farmers-scientists interaction on livestock management Livestock components Number of No.of participants interactions - - - Total

Animal health camps organised Number of camps No.of animals No.of farmers - - - Total

Seed distribution in drought hit states Crops Quantity (qtl) Coverage of Number of area (ha) farmers - - Total

Large scale adoption of resource conservation technologies Crops/cultivars and gist of resource conservation technologies Area Number of introduced (ha) farmers - - Total

Awareness campaign Meetings Gosthies Field days Farmers fair Exhibition Film show No. No.of No. No.of No. No.of No. No.of No. No.of No. No.of farmers farmers farmers farmers farmers farmers

Total

90 13. Awards/rewards by KVK and staffs

Recognitions &Awards/Special attainments and Achievements of Practical Importance Recognitions & Awards (Team Award/individual Item of Recognition Year Awarding Organization Individual/ National / International / collaborative Professional; Society Best KVK Award 2018 TNAU, COimbatore Collaborative Best Seed Hub centre award 2017-18 2018 ICAR – ATARI, Zone X, Collaborative Hyderabad Best farm women award 2018 During 7th SICCI Agri Individual Summit & Expo 2018 Best entrepreneur award 2018 Krishi Samriti Mela 2018 Individual organized by Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore. Best farmer award 2018 Krishi Samriti Mela 2018 Individual organized by Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore. Best Oral Award 2019 Gandhigram University, Individual Dhindigul Krishi Yuva Samman (Young Farmer 2019 Mahindra & Mahindra Individual of the Year) - Regional Award Winner Ltd., –South (Youth) Innovative farmer award 2019 CRIDA, Hyderabad Individual Special Attainments & Achievements of Practical Importance (patents, technologies, varieties, products, concepts, methodologies etc. ) Category Title Year Individual/ Additional Collaborative Details/Information

- - - - -

14. Details of sponsored projects/programmes implemented by KVK

S.No Title of the Sponsoring Objectives Duration Amount (Rs) programme / project agency 1 National Innovation ICAR To demonstrate the site 2010-2019 705000 on Climate Resilient specific technology (2018-19) Agriculture (NICRA) packages on farmers field for adopting to current climate risks. 2 Seed Hub - Creation ICAR 1. To produce and supply good 2016-2019 Rs. 150 lakhs of seed hubs for quality (certified and /or TFL (2016-19) increasing indigenous seed) seeds to the farmers to production of pulses in increase the productivity of Villupuram pulses in Tamil Nadu

91 District”under NFSM 2. To empower the farmers in seed production of pulses 3 CFLD Pulses ICAR To demonstrate the newly 2018-19 2.70 lakhs released improved varieties and technologies 4 CFLD Oilseeds ICAR To demonstrate the newly 2018-19 2.40 lakhs released improved varieties and technologies

15. Success stories

15. A.1 Integrated pest and disease management in gourds

1. Situation analysis/Problem statement

Mr. R. Chandraprabu is a progressive farmer of Pangulathur village of Olakkur block, Villupuram district and he owns 7.0 acres of land. He is a dedicative agriculturist and actively involved in doing agriculture in an innovative way. The major crops cultivating are paddy, groundnut, pulses, snake gourd, bitter gourd, melons, bhendi and brinjal. To protect the crops from various pests and diseases he used to spray pesticides at weekly interval. This increase his cost of production and led to reduction in net income.

Mr. R. Chandraprabu approached KVK to improve his agricultural activities and gain more income. In Villuppuram district, area under cultivation of pandhal vegetables is more. But higher pest and disease incidence and indiscriminate use of agrochemicals are very common in cultivation of gourds. Moreover farmers are lacking knowledge on pest and disease monitoring and Integrated pest and disease management (IPDM) strategies. This increase his cost of production and led to reduction in net income.

2. Plan, Implement and Support

He advised to attend training programmes conducted by KVK, Villupuram to develop knowledge and skill. He attended various training programmes viz., improved production technologies, organic farming, ecofriendly management of pest and diseases, importance of soil health management. KVK, Villupuram conducted front line demonstration (FLD) and farmers field school on “IPDM in gourds”. The integrated pest and disease management strategies includes summer ploughing, use of improved varieties/hybrids, setting up of yellow sticky trap, fruit fly traps, precision farming (portray nursery, drip irrigation and mulching), use of biocontrol agents, need based pesticides spray, intercropping/ border cropping with marigold. After that, he started adopting improved technologies.

92

3. Output & outcome

He has earned as additional income of Rs. 1,87,450/- with BC ratio of 5.56 from cultivation of snake gourd when compared to the regular practices. The details are given below

Details Cost of Cultivation / ha (in Rs) Before After Seed 10000 24000 Land Preparation 5000 5000 Mulch sheet & spreading - 22000 Sowing 1250 1500 Irrigation 7000 2500 Fertilizer 11250 12000 Weed management 7250 500 Plant Protection 13200 4000 Harvest 3000 4000 Total 57,950 75,500 Yield (tonnes) 21.5 42.0 Returns Gross returns 2,15,000 4,20,000 Net returns 1,57,050 3,44,500 BCR 3.71 5.56 4. Impact

Now, he is applying fertilizer based on soil test to enhance the production and reduction in cost of cultivation. In case of cultivation of gourd, he is practicing precision farming system viz., drip irrigation and mulching and Marigold under the pandhal which increases the pollination rate resulting high yield. He is doing agroforestry model of papaya and moringa around the field which acts as the wind barrier and gives addition income. He is using all the integrated approaches viz., traps, biocontrol agents to protect the crop from insect pests and diseases. He is also served as a resource person for training programmes organized by KVK, Villupuram and Department of Agriculture and Horticulture, Villupuram. KVK, Villupuram documented his success story on IPDM in gourds with the help of Doordarshan Kendra, Podhigai, Chennai and telecasted for mass coverage. He received Krishi Yuva Samman

93 Regional award for South India with cash prize of Rs. 51000/- (Rupees fifty one thousand only) under Youth farmer category from Executive Chairman, Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd., during Mahindra Samriddhi India Agri awards 2019 held on 18.03.2019 at New Delhi for encouraging the youth farmers in agriculture and for disseminating the latest agricultural technologies in Villupuram District.

Photo documentation

Protray nursery seedling production Use of traps and intercropping with marigold to better pollination

Cultivation of snake gourd FLD on IPDM in gourds

94

Success story on IPDM in gourd telecasted in DD Podhigai, Chennai

Received Krishi Yuva Samman (Young Farmer of the Year) award at Regional level (South India) during Mahindra Samriddhi India Agri Awards 2019 held at new Delhi on dt. 18.03.2019

15.A.2. Introduction of newly released Snake gourd Hybrid COH 1 in Villupuram District

1. Situation analysis/Problem statement

Villupuram district situated in the North Eastern agroclimatic zone of Tamil Nadu is one of the agrarian based districts with more than 60 % of the population engaged in Agriculture and allied activities for their livelihood. Vegetables are important horticultural crop and cultivated all over the district during Adipattam (July – August) and Thaipattam

95 (January – February). Gourds are the one of the important crops in vegetables widely cultivating by Villupuram district farmers.

 Unaware about newly rereleased high yielding Snake gourd hybrids  Yield loss due to high incidence of pest and diseases in Snake gourd  High seed cost of private snake gourd hybrids 2. Plan, Implement and Support

An attempt was made to introduce newly released Snake gourd Hybrid COH 1 in Villupuram district though Front Line Demonstration (FLD). Totally 10 demos were taken in the farmers field of Olakkur village, Olakkur block in Adipattam (July – August). During this programme newly released Snake gourd Hybrid COH 1 was demonstrated with the improved package of practices. Further, an off campus training programme was given to the FLD farmers to impart knowledge on seed treatment, application of fertilizer based on soil testing, integrated pest and disease management. The FLD farmers applied all the learned technologies in their field to obtain highest yield.

3. Output & Outcome

Particulars Yield (t/ha) B: C ratio Technology option (COH 1) 62.50 3.70 Farmer’s practice 51.00 2.80

From the above table it could be understand that farmers obtained highest yield of 62.50 t/ha from COH 1 Snake gourd hybrid whereas, in farmers practice the yield was 51.00 t/ha. The COH 1 hybrid yield is 22 % higher than the farmers practice. Further, COH 1 fetches high market price and consumer preference since the fruit is short, spindle shape and dusty white with predominant white strips. The success of the COH 1 cultivation was recorded through Doordarshan Kendra and telecasted on 21.11.2018.

96 Photo documentation

Snake gourd COH 1 field visit Off campus training programme

FLD farmer Mr. Sivaraman’s Success story FLD farmer Mr. Sivaraman’s Success story recording through DDK, Chennai telecasted through DDK, Chennai in Ponvilaiyum boomi programme

15.A. 3. Seed production in blackgram (VBN 8) under Seed hub project

1. Situation analysis/Problem statement

Viliupuram is one of the predominant agricultural district in which about 60% of population is engaged in Agriculture and allied activities for their livelihood. Pulses are one of most important food grain crops cultivating in the district. Among the pulses Blackgram is a predominant pulse crop which covers more than 80% of the total pulses area in Villupuram district.

Problems identified

 Non adoption of newer and improved varieties

97  High incidence of YMV in existing blackgram varieties  Lower crop yield from existing varieties.  Unavailability of good quality blackgram seed 2. Plan, Implement and Support

1. Introduction of improved blackgram variety 2. Seed treatment with biofertilizers 3. Seed farmers were trained in seed farm sanitation, appropriate production technologies and post harvest handling 4. Foliar application MN mixture 5. Facilitated seed farm registration, roughing and seed farm inspection. 3. Output & Outcome

Particulars Grain Cost of cultivation Gross income Net income Yield (Rs./ac) (Rs./ac) (Rs./ac) (Kg/ac) Seed production with 735 20500 51450 30950 VBN 8 blackgram Grain production with 440 15000 26400 11400 local varieties

Blackgram VBN 8 variety introduced in 24 number of farmers in various blocks of Villupuram district through Seed Hub scheme. Among 24 seed producing farmers Mr. A. Jayachandiran of Mailam block recorded a highest yield of 735 kg seed per acre whereas was obtained and yield of 440 kg in previous year. Through seed production, the farmer was able to increase his net income from Rs. 11,400 /ac to Rs. 30,950 /ac.

98 15.A.4. High revenue from goat farming through integrated farming system

1. Situation analysis/Problem statement

Mr.A.Gajendran S/o. Haridass, Keelsidhamoor Village, Marakanam Block of Villupuram District is a marginal farmer, holding an area of 1.6 acres. He was cultivating Paddy, Pulses and Gingelly. The income received from these crops was not sufficient to run his joint family. Due to the insufficient income generation he was searching for alternate source. Further, occurrence of severe drought and uneven rainfall pattern makes his livelihood complicated. In this situation, the farmer approached KVK, to follow the integrated practice with crop and allied activities in a scientific manner so as to minimize the expenses on inputs, recycle the waste materials and maintains the soil fertility.

Problem identified  Low annual income due to the mono cropping system  High cost of inputs and expenditure  Crop failure due to Severe drought and uneven rainfall pattern  Low production due to poor soil and water management  Lack of knowledge on the integration of crop and allied enterprises in an effective manner. 2. Plan, Implement and Support Farming system: Garden land integrated farming system The farmer was given with chicks and goats as addition component with the existing crop module. Further, the farmer participated in the on and off campus training programmes conducted by KVK and learnt about the Integrated Farming System (IFS) in a scientific way . Based on the gained knowledge the farmer followed the IFS with crop, dairy, goat, poultry (Nandanam 2) and fodder seed production module. These modules are ideal for Garden land IFS model. 3. Output & Outcome

Before IFS Model:

Crop Area Income Expenditure Net income BC ratio (acre) (acre) (Rs.) Gingelly 0.4 25000 15000 10000 1.6 Black gram 0.4 35000 10000 25000 3.5 Paddy 0.8 78000 25000 53000 3.1 Milch animal 1+1 - 42000 27000 15000 1.3 1,03,000

99

After IFS Model:

Crop Area Income Expenditure Net BC (acre) (acre) (Rs.) income ratio (Rs.) Gingelly 0.4 25000 15000 10000 1.6 Black gram 0.3 35000 10000 25000 3.5 Paddy 0.6 65000 25000 40000 2.6 Fodder crops 0.4 -- Milch animal 1+1 -- 42000 27000 15000 1.3 Goat farming 0.1 3,20,000 1,10,000 2,10,000 2.9

(50 nos) Backyard rearing -- 70000 18000 52000 3.8 (100 nos) 3,52,000

From the above table, it could be understand that, the demonstration has created confidence in Mr. Gajendran that he can succeed with integration of the backyard poultry, goat farming and fodder seed production. His annual income has been increased from Rs. 1,03,000 to Rs. 3,52,000 by following Integrated Farming System. From this intervention it is concluded that crop+ dairy+ goat+ poultry + fodder seed production has proved a successful IFS model to increase the annual income and provide an employment opportunity to the farm family throughout the year.

IFS – Goat Unit IFS – Backyard poultry

100

15. B. Give details of innovative methodology or innovative technology of Transfer of Technology developed and used during the year • Kisan Mobile Advisory Service (KMAS) sending SMS to farmers mobile for disseminate the information and 8453 farmers were benefitted. • KVK Whatsapp group – sharing of agricultural information among Villupuram district farmers through KVK whatsapp group • KVK Website – Posting of training details and other agricultural information in KVK website • Multimedia - Use of advanced audio visual aids and multimedia during capacity development programme

15. C. Give details of indigenous technology practiced by the farmers in the KVK operational area which can be considered for technology development - Nil S. No. Crop / Enterprise ITK Practiced Purpose of ITK

16. IMPACT

16.A. Impact of KVK activities (Not to be restricted for reporting period).

Name of specific No. of % of adoption Change in income (Rs.) technology/skill transferred participants Before After (Rs./Unit) (Rs./Unit) Improved production 40 72 67154 82898 technologies in Blackgram NB: Should be based on actual study, questionnaire/group discussion etc. with ex-participants.

16.B. Cases of large scale adoption 16.C. Details of impact analysis of KVK activities carried out during the reporting period

Role of KVK in improving the livelihood security of Blackgram farmers in Villupuram district through cluster Front line demonstrations Introduction

The Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Tindivanam of Villupuram District is functioning under the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University from 25th March 2004, with financial assistance of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research. The main role of this KVK is testing and transfer of agricultural technologies to bridge the gap between the production and productivity and to increase self-employment opportunities among the rural communities. The overall mandate of the KVK is to develop and disseminate location specific technological modules at district level through Technology Assessment and Demonstration and to act as Knowledge Resource Centre for agriculture and its allied activities. Villupuram district situated in the North Eastern agroclimatic zone of Tamil Nadu and it is one of the predominant agricultural district in which more than sixty percent of population is engaged in Agriculture and allied activities for their livelihood. Pulses is one of the important food grain crop cultivating throughout the Villupuram district in kharif , rabi and summer season. Blackgram is a predominant pulses crop which covers more than 80% of

101 the total pulses area in Viluppuram District. In recent years the productivity and profitability of the Blackgram is unstable in various blocks of Villupuram district due to biotic and abiotic stress. The many problems arises due to climatic changes such as low and erratic rainfall, drought, temperature extremes, land degradation, poor human resources, poormarket linkage and due to uncertain production the farmers are not in the position to adopt complete latest package of practices, plant protection measures. Keeping this in view KVK conducted Frontline Demonstrations (FLD) on dissemination of improved production technologies in Blackgram under Cluster approach method. Frontline Demonstration is a form of applied research through ICAR/SAUs system on latest notified or released varieties along with full package of practices on selected farmers’ fields with a view to demonstrate the potentiality of the technologies to participating farmers, neighboring farmers and other agencies to analyze the production and performance of the technologies for scientific feedback. Thus the Present study was carried out to with following objectives  To study the production and economic performance of demonstrations as compared to local check.  The study the knowledge level of blackgram farmers in Improved production technologies before and after KVK interventions.

Methodology One of the mandates of KVK is to conduct frontline demonstrations to disseminate latest improved varieties and its package of practices to increase the productivity. Frontline demonstration was conducted on Improved production technologies of Blackgram in both kharif and rabi seasons during 2017-18 in cluster approach method under NFSM. The Cluster Frontline Demonstrations were conducted in the four villages of Villupuram district namely Nallam village of Marakkanam block, Mugaiyur village of Mugaiyur block, Asur village of Vikkiravandi block and Anumantahapuram of Kanai block. Totally 52 farmers were fixed for the demonstration that is 13 farmers were selected from each of the four villages by adopting purposive random sampling method. In these selected villages KVK demonstrated the latest high yielding Blackgram variety VBN 6 and its package of practices. Further, on and off campus training programmes were organized for the FLD farmers to impart the knowledge on improved production technologies in Blackgram cultivation. The KVK scientists visited the FLD fields regularly on different critical crop stages to ensure timely application of nutrients, weedicides and plant protection measures and also to offer other suggestive measures to the farmers and collect the feedback information on each stage for further improvement in research and extension programme. At end the cropping stage the

102 yield data was assessed by adopting crop cutting method and the field day was conducted in all the cluster villages to disseminate the result of the demonstration among other fellow farmers. The relevant data regarding cost of cultivation, market preference, and other constraints were collected through well structured interview schedule consisting of set of questions. To compare the production and profitability of crop the yield data of FLDs and control plots were collected from each farmer and averaged out in all locations. The collected information was grouped and tabular analysis was done for calculating the technological gap by using the suitable statistical tools.

Findings and discussion The findings of the present study as well as relevant discussion have been presented under following heads Effect of cluster FLD in production performance of Blackgram Improved production technologies of Blackgram were demonstration from seed to harvest in farmers field and the result its performance is detailed below Table 1. Production performance of Blackgram under FLD programme S.No. Name of the Sowing Area No. of Average yield Yield gap village season covered farmer obtained (q/ha) (ha) covered Demo Check q/ha %

1. Asur Kharif 10 13 8.46 7.38 1.08 12.77 2. Mugaiyur Kharif 10 13 7.28 6.19 1.09 14.97 3. Nallalam Rabi 10 13 7.53 6.64 0.89 11.82 4. Anumanthapuram Rabi 10 13 7.66 6.65 1.01 13.19 Average 7.73 6.72 1.02 13.19

It could be understand from Table 1. that the farmers achieved an average yield of 7.73 q/ha under demo plot wherein an average yield farmers practice was 6.72 q/ha. The yield difference was 1.02 q/ha and the percentage of yield gap is 13.19. This might be due to the adoption of improved production technologies viz., high yielding Blackgram variety VBN 6, seed treatment with bio agents, foliar application of MN mixture setting up of traps etc. Further, it showed direct role of KVK in positive performance of Blackgram technological demonstrations over farmer’s practices.These results created greater awareness and motivation among the farmers to adopt the new production technologies on their farm.

103 Table 2. Economic analysis of Cluster FLD on Blackgram S.No Crop Farmer's Existing plot Demonstration plot

Gross Gross Net BCR Gross Gross Net BCR cost return return Cost return return (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) (Rs./ha) 1. Blackgram 31529 67154 35625 2.0 33079 82898 49819 2.51

Economic analysis of four clusters of Blackgram demonstrations compared with control plot is presented in the above table 2. . The gross income was calculated with average yield multiplied by prevailing market price of that particular year. From the table it is observed that the average gross income of the demo was Rs. 82898 obtained from FLD plot during 2017-18 while in case of control plot it was Rs. 67154 during the year. The table also shows that benefit cost ratio of the demo plot was 2.51 where in the farmers practice was 2.0.

17. LINKAGES

17.A. Functional linkage with different organizations

Name of organization Nature of linkage State Department of Agriculture Joint implementation, participation in meeting State Department of Horticulture Joint implementation, mentoring services. Diagnostic services, DMIC Member, NHM programme implementation, Tribal welfare programmes, joint exhibitions, inspections State Department of Fisheries Conducting training programmes Seed certification Human resource development, certification work in instructional farm, resource person Lead Banks conducting training programmes NABARD Sponsored programmes, conducting training programmes Revenue Department Participation in meeting State Department of Agriculture Engineering Participation in meeting TamilNadu Women Development Corporation Conducting training programmes (TWDC) Centre for Environment and Agricultural Conducting training programmes Development (CEAD) Pondicherry Agro Service Industrial Input supply and services Corporation (PASIC) Inter Caste Marriage Foundation (ICMF) Participation in training IFFCO Participation in meeting NGO’s Hand in Hand, Tindivanam Organizing and participating in training

BWDA, Villupuram Organizing and participating in training

SCAWD, Villupuram Organizing and participating in training Kalvi 103endra, Villupuram Organizing and participating in training

104 SPEED(Society for People Education and Organizing and participating in training Economical Development) SHG’s (Self Help Groups) Malligai Magaliar Group, Mailam Participation in training Rooja Magaliar Group, Gungamangalam Participation in training Jansirani Magaliar Group, Avanampatti Participation in training Indhira Gandhi Magaliar Group, Participation in training Thenkolapakkam Mailam Magaliar Group, Mailam Participation in training Nehru Magaliar Group, Sengurichi Participation in training Ganapathy Magaliar Group, Tindivanam Participation in training Ezhai Mariamman Magaliar Group, Napalaya Participation in training Annai Magaliar Group, Kolliyanoor Participation in training Omsakthi Magaliar Group, Valavanoor Participation in training Pasunthalir ulavar Mandram, Kattusiviri Participation in training Athi parasakthi Magaliar Mandram, Andapattu Participation in training Hand in Hand Participation in training State Institute of rural development Participation in training

17.B. List special programmes undertaken by the KVK and operational now, which have been financed by State Govt./Other Agencies

Date/ Month of Name of the scheme Funding agency Amount (Rs.) initiation FFS- Integrated pest and disease ATARI 30000 Management in Jasmine Throughout the Integrated Farming System ATARI 30000 year Demonstration on Vermi compost ATARI 50000 production under EDP mode August 16-22, Parthenium awareness week ICAR-Main - 2018 World Honey bee day 20.05.2018 ICAR-Main - 16th to 31st Swachhta Swachhta Pakhwada 2018 ICAR-Main - December, 2018 Kisan Mahila Diwas 15.10.2018 ICAR-Main -

World Soil Health day 5.12.2018 ICAR-Main -

105 Special Programme 1

Farmers field school: Integrated pest and disease Management in Jasmine

1. Season : Kharif 2018 ( 2018 to October 2018) 2. Periodicity of the : Once in a week session

3. Name of the : Nolambur Village of Olakkur Block village 4. Number of : 25 participants 5. Name of the : Dr. V.K. Satya, SMS (PAT) Facilitators 6. Area of the FFS : Crop protection field: 7. Name of the : Mr. N.K. Murugan, Nolambur village, Olakkur Block, collaborator (in Villupuram District. whose field the

FFS is to be laid): 8. Major problems in :  Indiscriminate use of pesticides increase the cost of the FFS village cultivation relevant to the  Higher incidence of pest and disease crop/enterprise  Lack of knowledge on pest and disease monitoring  Lack of knowledge and awareness on IPDM 9. Objectives of the :  Teaching farmers about seed treatment and soil application FFS of biocontrol agents viz.,Pseudomonas fluroscens and Trichoderma viride  To educate the farmers on foliar spray of Bacillus thurigiensis  To educate the farmers on pest and diseases monitoring  To educate the farmers on utilization of trap  Need based application of chemical pesticides and fungicides 10. Guest faculty : Assistant Director of Horticulture, Olakkur block involved

106 Programme schedule

Programme Session Date Title Number of Technology participants Demonstrated FFS on 1 06.09.2018 Jasmine varieties and 25 - “Integrated its importance pest and 2 14.09.2018 Importance of soil 25 Demonstrated disease application of the soil Management biocontrol agents and application of in Jasmine” farm yard manure biocontrol agents 3 20.09.2018 Setting of light traps 25 Demonstrated and yellow-orange the setting up sticky traps of traps 4 27.09.2018 Importance of pest 25 Pests and and diseases disease monitoring identification at field level 5 11.10.2018 Identification of pest 25 Monitoring of and diseases Pests and disease at field level 6 25.10.2018 Importance of foliar 25 Demonstrated spray of biocontrol the foliar spray agents and plant of biocontrol products agents 7 01.11.2018 Management of foliar 25 Symptoms of pest and diseases Eriophyid mite and leaf spot and blight 8 15.11.2018 Management of wilt 25 Symptoms of and root rot diseases root rot and wilt 9 23.11.2018 Management of bud 25 Symptoms of worm, blossom midge budworm, and field day blossom midge and pest identification

12. Skills and Techniques Imparted

Before FFS After FFS Indiscriminate use of pesticides Need based application of pesticides Lack of knowledge on pest and disease Knowledge on pests and disease monitoring identification Lack of knowledge on IPDM Knowledge on IPDM and utilization of traps, biocontrol agents

107

13. Outcome of FFS Name of the Yield (q/ha) Economics of check % Economics of demonstration (Rs./ha) technology Variety/ Hybrid No. of Area (Rs./ha) Crop Thematic Area Increase demonstrated Domo Check Farmers (ha) Demo Gross Gross BCR Gross Gross Net BCR Check in yield Net Return High Low Average Cost Return (R/C) Cost Return Return (R/C) Jasmine Farmers Field Integrated pest Ramnad Ramnad 25 0.1 78.2 69.3 73.8 63.4 16.4 262525 664200 401675 2.53 270250 570600 300350 2.11 school and disease local local management

Special Programmes 2

Title : Demonstration on Vermicompost production under EDP mode

Problem indentified

 Lack of awareness on the benefits of vermin compost

 Lack of knowledge on and skill on production of vermin compost technologies

Objectives

 To impart knowledge on Vermicompost

 To develop skill on vermicompost production

 To facilitate market linkage to fetch fair price for their produce

Activities  Group formation : A group will be formed with the total members of 15 farmers

 Place : Enthur village of Marakkanam block

 Training programmes and demonstrations were organizes by the KVK and covered the following topics

 Materials for preparation of Vermicompost

108

 Vermicopmost production technologies

 Pest and disease management in Vermicompost

 Facilitation for marketing

Result

For this special programme the farmers from SC/ST community were selected. They formed a group with 15 members. The farmers started the Vermicompost production technologies by using Silpaulin vermibag with the capacity of 1 ton. Now they have prepared their vermibag by filling the composting material and they will get the yield in a month. The farmers have planned to their Vermicompost to the fellow farmers.

Special Programme 3- Integrated Farming System(IFS) 2018-19 1. Model: Garden land Model 2. Group: Small farmer -5 nos Marginal farmers -5 nos 3. Scientist Involved: Dr.M.Balumahendiran and Dr.KParamesawri 4. Details of farming situation: Farming situation in villupuram district is semi-arid tropic region with seasonal rainfall during monsoon season. The agricultural and allied activities are mainly dependent on monsoon rain, open well and bore well irrigation. Farming activity in this district is maintained with multiple agricultural, horticultural crops and animal husbandry activities. Though the farmers maintaining agricultural and one or two allied activities, their income is not sufficient enough for their subsistence. In addition severe drought and flood also makes their livelihood in an uncertainty situation. In this situation the farmer has to adopt and practice integration of crop and allied activities in a scientific manner so as to minimize the expenses on inputs, recycle the waste materials and maintains the soil fertility. Among the modules of IFS, the garden land situation is the most suitable model for villupuram district. 5. Problem  Problem of low annual income of the farm family is a major constraint in continuing the farming activity  High cost of inputs and expenditure  Uneven rainfall and unexpected flood may pose serious threat to the farmers  Migration to other states as daily wages for subsistence even though having acres of land of their own.  Low production due to poor soil and water management

109

 Poor knowledge on the integration of crop and allied enterprises in an effective manner.

6. Critical Inputs

S.No Items Quantity/demo No of Demo Cost/demo Total 1 Goat * 1 6 2500 15000.00 2 Vermi Bag 1 4 2750 11000.00 3 COFS-31 500g 6 200 1200.00 4 Hedge Lucerne 1kg 4 500 2000.00 5 Leaflet 500.00 5 Field Board 300.00 20 30000.00

7. Results Table: Results of Income generated through different components

Existing Area G cost G N BCR Introduced Component G cost G N Return BCR Component ha Return Return Return Crop 0.8 15000 32000 17000 2.13 Crop 0.8 15000 32000 17000 2.13 Dairy 4 10200 14000 3800 1.37 Dairy 4 9200 14000 4800 1.52 Goat 0 0 0 0 Goat 10+1 38000 63000 25000 1.66 Poultry 20 1800 4500 2700 2.50 Poultry 20 1800 4500 2700 2.50 Vermicompost 0 0 0 0 Vermicompost 1 4200 12000 7800 2.86 Fodder 0 0 0 0 Fodder seed COFS31 0.1 3000 24000 21000 8.00 23500 2.00 78300 3.11 Crop 1 38000 85000 47000 2.24 Crop 1 38000 85000 47000 2.24 Dairy 5 15000 25000 10000 1.67 Dairy 5 15000 25000 10000 1.67 Goat 0 0 0 Goat 20+1 45000 105000 60000 2.33 Poultry 20 2100 5200 3100 2.48 Poultry 20 1800 4500 2700 2.50 Vermicompost 0 0 0 0 Vermicompost 1 4200 11800 7600 2.81

110

Fodder 0 0 0 0 Fodder seed Hedge 0.1 3000 10500 7500 3.50 60100 2.13 134800 2.51 Crop 0.8 12500 28200 15700 2.26 Crop 0.8 12500 28200 15700 2.26 Dairy 2 5200 9000 3800 1.73 Dairy 2 5200 9000 3800 1.73 Goat 0 0 0 Goat 10+1 38000 61000 23000 1.61 Poultry 100 8000 23000 15000 2.88 Poultry 100 8000 23000 15000 2.88 Vermicompost 0 0 0 0 Vermicompost 0 0 0 134800 2.51 Fodder 0 0 0 0 Fodder seed Hedge 0.1 2500 12500 10000 5.00 34500 2.29 202300 2.66 Crop 0.8 13500 32800 19300 2.43 Crop 0.8 13500 32800 19300 2.43 Dairy 2 4800 9200 4400 1.92 Dairy 2 4800 9200 4400 1.92 Goat 0 0 0 2.29 Goat 10+1 38000 58000 20000 1.53 Poultry 20 2100 4800 2700 2.29 Poultry 20 2100 4800 2700 2.29 Vermicompost 0 0 0 Vermicompost 0 0 0 0 2.51 Fodder 0.1 0 0 Fodder seed COFS31 0.1 3500 26000 22500 7.43 26400 2.23 68900 3.02 Crop 1 32000 80000 48000 2.50 Crop 1 32000 80000 48000 2.50 Dairy 5 12500 26500 14000 2.12 Dairy 5 12500 26500 14000 2.12 Goat 0 0 0 Goat 1+20 35000 59000 24000 1.69 Poultry 50 3800 9500 5700 2.50 Poultry 50 4200 9500 5300 2.26 Vermicompost 0 0 0 Vermicompost 0 0 Fodder 0.1 0 0 Fodder seed COFS 31 0.1 3000 20000 17000 6.67 67700 2.37 108300 3.05 Crop 1.4 40000 98500 58500 2.46 Crop 1.4 40000 98500 58500 2.46 Dairy 5 14000 29400 15400 2.10 Dairy 5 14000 29400 15400 2.10 Goat 10 35000 50000 15000 1.43 Goat 1+10 35000 54500 19500 1.56 Poultry 20 2400 5300 2900 2.21 Poultry 20 2400 5300 2900 2.21 Vermicompost 0 0 0 0 Vermicompost 0 0 0 0 0.00 Fodder 0.2 0 0 0 Fodder seed Hedge 0.2 4000 20000 16000 5.00

111

91800 2.05 112300 2.64 Crop 2 48000 102500 54500 2.14 Crop 2 48000 102500 54500 2.14 Dairy 0 0 0 Dairy 0 0 0 0 Goat 20 35000 52000 17000 1.49 Goat 20 35000 52000 17000 1.49 Poultry 100 7800 22500 14700 2.88 Poultry 100 7800 22500 14700 2.88 Vermicompost 0 0 0 Vermicompost 0 0 0 0 Fodder 0.4 0 0 Fodder seed Hedge 0.4 12000 50000 38000 4.17 86200 2.17 124200 2.67 Crop 1.2 36000 84500 48500 2.35 Crop 1.2 36000 84500 48500 2.35 Dairy 5 14500 28900 14400 1.99 Dairy 5 14500 28900 14400 1.99 Goat 0 0 0 Goat 0 0 0 0 Poultry 20 2800 6250 3450 2.23 Poultry 20 2800 6250 3450 2.23 Vermicompost 0 0 0 Vermicompost 1 3800 11500 7700 3.03 Fodder 0.4 0 0 Fodder seed COFS 31 0.4 15000 85000 70000 5.67 66350 2.19 144050 3.05 Crop 1.5 40000 92000 52000 2.30 Crop 1.5 40000 92000 52000 2.30 Dairy 10 30000 75000 45000 2.50 Dairy 10 30000 75000 45000 2.50 Goat 0 0 0 Goat 0 0 0 0 Poultry 100 7500 23800 16300 3.17 Poultry 100 7500 23800 16300 3.17 Vermicompost 0 0 0 Vermicompost 1 4500 12100 7600 2.69 Fodder 0.4 0 Fodder seed COFS 31 0.4 12000 68000 56000 5.67 113300 2.66 176900 3.17 Crop 2 42000 96000 54000 2.29 Crop 2 42000 96000 54000 2.29 Dairy 4 13600 26500 12900 1.95 Dairy 4 13600 26500 12900 1.95 Goat 0 0 0 Goat 0 0 0 0 Poultry 20 3200 6900 3700 2.16 Poultry 20 3200 6900 3700 2.16 Vermicompost 1 4200 9500 5300 2.26 Vermicompost 1 4200 9500 5300 2.26 Fodder 0.2 0 0 Fodder seed COFS31 0.2 4500 32000 27500 7.11 75900 2.16 103400 3.15

112 8. Description of the Results During this year 2018-19, two group of farmers of small and marginal category (each 5 nos) were selected. Before our intervention the economic analysis were studied. The average BCR of both the groups were 2.2 with crop production and one or two allied activities. From our KVK, the farmers were given inputs as one or two more additional component based on the existing components and trainings were give on scientific integration. In IFS crop, dairy, goat, poultry vermicomposting and fodder seed production would be the ideal components in Garden land model. In this study, six farmers were issue goat and COFS-31 seed and four were issued vermibags and Hedge Lucerne seed. From goat unit an average of 10-12 kids were produced per year and sold @ Rs5000/animal.Vermicomost unit yielded one ton of compost and sold@ Rs 10/kg. Seed production of COFS-31 and Hedge Lucerne were established and the seeds were sold respectively @ Rs 400 and Rs 500 per kg. After adopting the IFS model the average BCR value has been increased to 2.90. Fodder seed production has given high income(4 -8 BCR) than the other components practiced. From our study it is concluded that crop+ dairy+goat+poultry+vermicompost+ fodder seed production has proved to increase the annual income and provided employment to the farm family throughout the year.

------XXXXXXX------