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Equality: Valuing Women at the Workplace
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) e-ISSN: 2278-487X, p-ISSN: 2319-7668 PP 70-76 www.iosrjournals.org (En)Gender(ing) Equality: Valuing Women at the Workplace Preeti Shirodkar I. INTRODUCTION The first step in the evolution of ethics is a sense of solidarity with other human beings. Albert Schweitzer The twentieth century has no doubt seen a great deal of changes, including a larger number of women entering the workplace, in varied professions and rising to positions of power. And yet, this is hardly a cause to celebrate, especially in the India context, if one were to examine the figures that expose this celebration of women power as prematurely celebratory and therefore misplaced. If at all, it can be considered as a step in the right direction, even if it is basically a very small step at that. Although we would like to believe that a large number of women are working today, an article entitled „Why Indian Women Leave the Workforce‟ published in Forbes states “women make up 24% of the workforce in India, which boasts of one of the largest working populations in the world. Only five percent of these reach the top layer, compared to a global average of 20%.” So also, according to the International Labour Organisation‟s Global Employment Trends 2013 Report, “out of the 131 countries with available data, India ranks 11th from the bottom in labour force participation.” Ironically of these it was estimated in 2009-2010 that 26.1% of these were rural workers and only 13.8% were urban workers. -
Supremo Amicus Volume 22 Issn 2456-9704
SUPREMO AMICUS VOLUME 22 ISSN 2456-9704 ______________________________________________________________________________ NEED FOR UNIFORM SENTENCING what exactly is Uniform Sentencing Policy? POLICY FOR RAPE Whether there is a need for uniform sentencing policy in case of rape and its By Nishi Kumari viability. From School of Legal Studies, CMRU INTRODUCTION ABSTRACT Rape is one of the most heinous offences From ancient times, human civilization has against women. It is not just a crime against been maintaining the social order in society a private individual but against the society. by developing rules and regulations which The sexually starved society has threatened are ideally followed by the people. In the case and is still threatening the very right to liberty of its breach, he/she is punished for the same of women. According to recent government in the ordinary course of justice. Earlier, the data released in September 2020, around 4, main focus of the punishment was to have a 05,861 cases of crime against women was recorded during the year, out of which 32,033 deterrent effect by giving brutal punishment. 3 However, with the human development and cases of rape were reported. social change punishment became more rational and its focus tilted towards the The statistics also reveal that about 94% of reformative approach. Despite such an the reported rapes were committed by a encouraging approach a major lacuna exists person who shared a close relationship with in the Indian Criminal Law system which the victim. It is pertinent to note that, in India, hampers the very purpose of the criminal the crime of rape is associated with the notion justice system.1 One of the major stage of a of shame, honour and grace of the family, criminal Justice System is Sentencing. -
Vishaka & Ors. Vs State of Rajasthan De Jure Nexus
VOLUME 1 ISSUE 3 2021 ISSN: 2582-7782 DE JURE NEXUS LAW JOURNAL Author: Muskan Dadia Government Law College, Churchgate 1st Year, BLS LL.B. VISHAKA & ORS. VS STATE OF RAJASTHAN Citation Of The Case- (1997) 6 SCC 24 Name Of The Court – Honourable Supreme Court Of India Honorable Bench- Chief Justice J.S. Verma, Justice Sujata V. Manohar and Justice B.N. Kirpal. Date Of Judgement- 13th August, 1997. Facts Of The Case- Bhanwari Devi, a woman belonging from Bhateri, Rajasthan started working under the Women’s Development Project (WDP) run by the Government of Rajasthan, in the year 1985. She was employed as a ‘Saathin’ which means ‘friend’ in Hindi. In the year 1987, as a part of her job, Bhanwari took up an issue of attempted rape of a woman who hailed from a neighboring village. For this act, she gained full support from the members of her village. In the year 1992, Bhanwari took up another issue based on the government’s campaign against child marriage. This campaign was subjected to disapproval and ignorance by Dejurenexus.com VOLUME 1 ISSUE 3 2021 ISSN: 2582-7782 all the members of the village, even though they were aware of the fact that child marriage is illegal. In the meantime, the family of Ram Karan Gurjar had made arrangements to perform such a marriage, of his infant daughter. Bhanwari, abiding by the work assigned to her, tried to persuade the family to not perform the marriage but all her attempts resulted in being futile. The family decided to go ahead with the marriage. -
Gender Violence in India: a Prajnya Report 2020
2020 1 GENDER VIOLENCE IN INDIA 2020 A Prajnya Report This report is an information initiative of the Gender Violence Research and Information Taskforce at Prajnya. This year’s report was prepared by Kausumi Saha whose work was supported by a donation in memory of R. Rajaram. It builds on previous reports authored over the years by: Kavitha Muralidharan, Zubeda Hamid, Shalini Umachandran, S. Shakthi, Divya Bhat, Titiksha Pandit, Mitha Nandagopalan, Radhika Bhalerao, Jhuma Sen and Suchaita Tenneti. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution and support of Gynelle Alves who has designed the report cover since 2009. © The Prajnya Trust 2020 2 CONTENTS GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................................................. 3 ABOUT THIS REPORT ................................................................................................................................ 5 GENDER VIOLENCE IN INDIA: STATISTICAL TABLE .................................................................................... 6 1. THE POLITICS OF SEXUAL AND GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE AGAINST DALIT WOMEN ....................... 12 2. PRE-NATAL SEX SELECTION / FEMALE FOETICIDE .............................................................................. 18 3. CHILD MARRIAGE, EARLY MARRIAGE AND FORCED MARRIAGE ........................................................ 24 4. HUMAN TRAFFICKING ....................................................................................................................... -
Mapping the Nature of Content and Processes on the English Wikipedia
‘Creating Knowledge’: Mapping the nature of content and processes on the English Wikipedia Report submitted by Sohnee Harshey M. Phil Scholar, Advanced Centre for Women's Studies Tata Institute of Social Sciences Mumbai April 2014 Study Commissioned by the Higher Education Innovation and Research Applications (HEIRA) Programme, Centre for the Study of Culture and Society, Bangalore as part of an initiative on ‘Mapping Digital Humanities in India’, in collaboration with the Centre for Internet and Society, Bangalore. Supported by the Ford Foundation’s ‘Pathways to Higher Education Programme’ (2009-13) Introduction Run a search on Google and one of the first results to show up would be a Wikipedia entry. So much so, that from ‘googled it’, the phrase ‘wikied it’ is catching up with students across university campuses. The Wikipedia, which is a ‘collaboratively edited, multilingual, free Internet encyclopedia’1, is hugely popular simply because of the range and extent of topics covered in a format that is now familiar to most people using the internet. It is not unknown that the ‘quick ready reference’ nature of Wikipedia makes it a popular source even for those in the higher education system-for quick information and even as a starting point for academic writing. Since there is no other source which is freely available on the internet-both in terms of access and information, the content from Wikipedia is thrown up when one runs searches on Google, Yahoo or other search engines. With Wikipedia now accessible on phones, the rate of distribution of information as well as the rate of access have gone up; such use necessitates that the content on this platform must be neutral and at the same time sensitive to the concerns of caste, gender, ethnicity, race etc. -
Rape Cultures in India: Pratiksha Baxi DECEMBER 23, 2012 Tags: Delhi, Delhi Gang Rape, Violence Against Women by Nivedita Menon
media | politics | dissent • Home • Submissions • About • Comments policy Rape Cultures in India: Pratiksha Baxi DECEMBER 23, 2012 tags: Delhi, Delhi Gang Rape, violence against women by Nivedita Menon Guest post by PRATIKSHA BAXI Delhi has tolerated intolerable forms of sexual violence on women from all backgrounds in public spaces for decades. It is a public secret that women are targetted in streets, neighbourhoods, transport and workplaces routinely. There have been countless campaigns and appeals to all agencies concerned to think of safety of women as an issue of governance, planning and prevention. However, prevention of sexual violence is not something, which features in the planning and administration of the city. It is not seen as an issue for governance that extinguishes the social, economic, and political rights of all women. It is a public secret that rape of women in moving vehicles is popularly seen as a sport. The sexualisation of women’s bodies accompanies the projection of cars as objects of danger and adventure. Private buses now participate in this sexualisation of moving vehicles as a site of enacting pornographic violence. In this sense, safety is not seen as a commodity that can be bought, purchased or exchanged. Men consume images of a city tolerant of intolerable violence. City planners enable rapists to execute a rape schedule. Streetlights do not work. Pavements and hoarding obstruct flight. Techniques of surveillance and policing target women’s behaviour, movement, and clothing, rather than policing what men do. The city belongs to heterosexist men after all. The brutality of the assault on the 23 year old student who was gangraped and beaten mercilessly with iron rods when she resisted has anguished all of us—generating affect similar to the infamous Birla and Ranga murders decades ago. -
A Study on Acid Attack in India and Its Impact
© 2019 JETIR January 2019, Volume 6, Issue 1 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) A STUDY ON ACID ATTACK IN INDIA AND ITS IMPACT Mrs.Arundhuti Das 1& Dr.Subhamoy Banik 2 1Department of Law, K.K. University, Nalanda, Bihar, India 2Department of Management & Commerce, K.K. University, Nalanda, Bihar, India ABSTRACT: An acid attack involvesthe premeditated throwing of acid on a victim, usually on her face. It is a gender-based heinous crime against women. In addition to causing psychological trauma,acid attacks result in severe pain, permanent disfigurement, subsequent infections and often blindness in one or both eyes. According to the National Commission of India acid attack is “any act of throwing acid or using acid in any form on the victim with the intention of or with knowledge that such person is likely to cause to the other person permanent or partial damage or deformity or disfiguration to any part of the body of such person”. As per the study,it can be concluded that 78% of the acid attack incident is for refusal to marry, rejection of love or for any personal causes. Acid attack on women is increasing day by day, basically on the girls in the age of 11-30 years. The easy accessibility of inexpensive acid makes the perpetrators to use it as an ideal weapon against thisheinous crime against women. Illegal sale and purchase of acid are considered as non-bailableoffence, still it is readily accessible in all most the grocery and hardware stores in urban and rural areas. The most common types of acid utilized in these assaults include sulphuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acid. -
Human Rights
VIRUDHUNAGAR HINDU NADARS‘ SENTHIKUMARA NADAR COLLEGE (An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University) [Re-accredited with ‗A‘ Grade by NAAC] Virudhunagar – 626 001. HUMAN RIGHTS: ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS INTRODUCTION Human Rights are commonly understood as ―inalienable fundamental rights‖ to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being. Human Rights are thus conceived as universal and egalitarian. At the international level human rights have become a movement. It can be studied through many ways which is called as the constituents of Human Rights. They may be civil rights, political, economic, cultural, social rights. They are also called Fundamental Rights. and rights of freedom to everyone irrespective of caste, creed, sex, region, colour, profession, etc. CONCEPT OF HUMAN RIGHTS Human Rights is a 20th century term traditionally known as ―Natural Rights‖ or the ―Rights of Man‖. Broadly speaking, ―Human Right‖ means right to life, liberty, equality and the dignity of an individual irrespective of caste, creed or sex. It envisages that all human beings are born free, equal in dignity and rights and are entitled to enjoy all rights. Evolution of Human Rights: The roots of human rights can be traced to the Babylonian laws. The Babylonian King Hammurabi issued a set of laws to his people called ―Hammurabi‘s Codes‖, which contained fair wages, protection of property and charges against them to be proved at trial. Greek philosopher Plato, Aristotle and Roman philosopher Cicero advocated the natural law, natural rights and human rights. The origin of human rights also can be credited to era of Renaissance Humanism in the early modern period. -
Annual Report 2014-15 ICSSR Annual Report 2014-15 ICSSR
Annual Report 2014-15 ICSSR Annual Report 2014-15 ICSSR Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, JNU Institutional Area, New Delhi - 110067 Tel No. 26741849/50/51 Fax : 91-11-26741836 Ministry of Human Resource Development e-mail : [email protected] Website : www.icssr.org Government of India Annual Report 2014-15 Indian Council Of Social Science Research Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, J.N.U. Institutional Area, New Delhi-110067 Contents Programmes 1-48 1. Overview 1-3 2. Research Promotion 4-12 3. Documentation 13-16 4. Research Survey and Publications 17-18 5. International Collaboration 19-31 6. Regional Centers 32-37 7. Research Institutes 38-47 Appendices 49-480 1. List of Members of the Council 51-53 2. ICSSR Senior Officials 54-55 3. Research Projects 56-107 4. Research Fellowships 108-193 5. Financial Assistance Provided for Organising 194-200 Capacity Building Programmes and Research Methodology Courses. 6. Financial Assistance Provided for Organising 201-244 International / National Seminars/ Conferences/ Workshops in India. 7. Publication Grants 245-250 8. Financial Assistance Provided to Scholars for 251-268 Participation in International Conferences / Data Collection Abroad. 9. Major Activities of ICSSR Regional Centres 269-296 10. Major Activities of ICSSR Research Institutes 297-475 11. Theses Purchased / Bibliographies Prepared in 476-479 the NASSDOC Statement of Accounts 481-580 Programmes 1 Overview Social science research, which presupposes launched in May 1969. It was considered a freedom of intellectual choice and opinion, significant achievement of evolving Indian needs to be encouraged by a developing democracy. nation. India has not only encouraged it, but also promoted it with state patronage. -
UNIT 11 GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE Gendered Based Violence
UNIT 11 GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE Gendered Based Violence Structure 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Objectives 11.3 What is Gender- Based Violence? 11.4 Categories of Gender –Based Violence 11.5 Forms & Magnitude of Gender –based Violence 11.6 A Closer look at some major forms of Gender- Based Violence in India 11.6.1 Sexual Offences: Rape, Molestation and Sexual harassment at the Workplace 11.6.2 Dowry-related Deaths and Harassment 11.6.3 Domestic Violence 11.6.4 Trafficking 11.6.5 Acid Attacks 11.6.6 Honour Crimes 11.6.7 Female Sex Selective Abortions 11.7 Marginalisation & Increased Vulnerability 11.8 Summing Up 11.9 Key Words 11.10References & Suggested Readings 11.11 Unit End Questions 11.1 INTRODUCTION Gender-based violence (GBV) is perhaps one of the most widespread and socially tolerated forms of violence prevalent in the world. It is a widespread and persistent challenge in India, linked directly to patriarchy and its foundational belief that men have the privilege and the power to inflict violence upon women. Rooted in women’s subordinate status, it is linked both to the institution of patriarchy as well as the concept of masculinity – that a ‘real man’ is one who inflicts violence against women. GBV is a major obstacle in women’s enjoyment of their human rights and fundamental rights as guaranteed by the Indian Constitution. 11.2 OBJECTIVES After Completing this Unit, you will be able to: Know the concept of gender-based violence; Illustrate forms of gender-based violence and the extent of their prevalence in India and elsewhere; Identify causes and consequences of such violence; Highlight various ways of addressing and responding to such violence, including through law and social action. -
Thwarting Crime Against Women: Meeting Challenges Through Implementation
VOL.3 ISSUE 1 DROIT PENALE: INDIAN LAW JOURNAL ON CRIME & CRIMINOLOGY ISSN: 2456-7280 THWARTING CRIME AGAINST WOMEN: MEETING CHALLENGES THROUGH IMPLEMENTATION Tulika Sinha1 ABSTRACT Historically speaking, women have been always subjected to whims and ambitions of men. This has laid foundation to several types of crimes and atrocities on them. To prevent such crime and atrocity has been challenge for the society as a whole that includes our legal structure also. Our legal system has laid several laws time and again in order to meet the challenges, so posed in emancipation of women and doing away with the atrocities against women. Time has proved that laws alone cannot meet such challenges and that requires to be met with its proper application working and monitoring. Precisely law can be considered as means and not ends to meet the challenges thrown to it. This paper mainly aims to discuss how women have been subjected to atrocities since time immemorial, be it the ‘sati pratha’ or the ‘triple talaq’ system. It has always acted as tools to suppress women. The present paper will further discuss how continuous suppression has made women vulnerable to crime and criminal acts. This paper will throw light on how law prevents commission of crime against women and what kind of challenges it faces. These challenges will be dealt in two sections firstly in prevention of crime, that is how our legal system tries to set guidelines to regulate ones behavior and activity so that it prevents one from commission of crime and secondly in administration of justice that is in case any crime is committed, laying down rigorous punishment so that it deters the rest and helps such women to get justice and restore their status. -
Mediating Rape: the 'Nirbhaya Effect'
Mediating rape: the `Nirbhaya effect' in the creative and digital arts Article (Accepted Version) Kaur, Raminder (2017) Mediating rape: the ‘Nirbhaya effect’ in the creative and digital arts. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 42 (4). pp. 945-976. ISSN 0097-9740 This version is available from Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/61990/ This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the URL above for details on accessing the published version. Copyright and reuse: Sussex Research Online is a digital repository of the research output of the University. Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable, the material made available in SRO has been checked for eligibility before being made available. Copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk Mediating Rape: The ‘Nirbhaya Effect’ in the Creative and Digital Arts Raminder Kaur (2016) Accepted for publication in Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society.