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Aequipecten (Mollusca, Pectinidae)

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Aequipecten (Mollusca, Pectinidae) Contr. Tert. Quatem. Geol 37(3-1) 39-55 6 figs, 2 pis. Leiden, December 2000 Pliocene species of Aequipecten (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Pectinidae) from the North Sea Basin R. Marquet Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique Brussels, Belgium and H.H. Dijkstra University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, the Netherlands Marquet, R. & H.H. Dijkstra. Pliocene species of Aequipecten (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Pectinidae) from the North Sea Basin. — Contr. Tert. Quatem. Geol., 37(3-4): 39-55,6 figs, 2 pis. Leiden, December 2000. Pliocene Basin deposits in theNorth Sea have so far yielded three species of the bivalve genus Aequipecten P. Fischer, 1886, viz.A. o. & opercularis (Linné, 1758), A. r. radians (Nyst Westendorp, 1839)and A. wagenaari n. sp. The last-named taxon appears to be re- to stricted the Early to Middle Pliocene of the North Sea Basin. In the literature, Aequipecten r. radians has been recorded from a number of Miocene and Pliocene localitiesboth within and the North records beyond Sea Basin; however, these have proved errone- ous. Material from Aquitaine (France) formerly considered to be assignable to A. r. radians shouldbe referred to A. liberatus (Coss- mann & Peyrot, 1914). Material from Touraine and Brittany represents the subspecies, A. r. assimilatus (Millet de la Turtaudière, first in Miocene 1866). Aequipecten opercularis occurs the Lower of Aquitaine, being represented by the subspecies, A. o. pinorum Middle of (Cossmann & Peyrot, 1914). Miocenerecords A. opercularis are known from the Lower Badenianof Romania. Key words Bivalvia,] Pectinidae, Pliocene, North Sea Basin, taxonomy, new species. R. Marquet, Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, c/o Constitutiestraat 50, B-2060 Antwerpen, Belgium [e-mail: Rob- [email protected]]; H.H. Dijkstra, Department of Malacology, Zoological Museum, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94766, NL-1090 GT Amsterdam, the Netherlands[e-mail: [email protected]]. Contents described species ofpectinid was collected; this had pre- viously been encountered in Dutch beach material, but not been formally named because of lack of in situ Introduction p. 39 yet material. It is here described Systematic descriptions p. 39 as Aequipecten wagenaari Conclusions p. 48 n. sp. Acknowledgements p. 48 References p. 48 SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS Introduction Abbreviations — In the text the following abbreviations are used: IRScNB 1ST - Institut royal des Sciences Newly collected Neogene molluscan material from har- naturelles de Belgique. Brussels (Belgium); RGM - Na- tionaal Natuurhistorisch Leiden bour, underground and motorway works in the Antwerp Museum/Naturalis. (the Netherlands, area (NW Belgium) has allowed an extensive revision of formerly Rijksmuseum van Geologie en - bv - bivalved Miocene and Pliocene faunas. In recent years, quite a Mineralogie); RM R. Marquet Colin; numberof systematic studies on Pliocene gastropods and specimen, v - single valve. bivalves have come out (Marquet, 1984, 1993, 1995a, b, 1996, 1997a-c, 1998; Marquet & Dijkstra. 1999). while Order OstreoidaFerussac. 1822 Suborder Pectinina Waller. 1978 iithologic logs and and maps have been published by Pcctinoidea Janssen (1974), Hoedemakers & Marquet (1992) and Superfamily Wilkes. 1810 Pectinidae Wilkes, 1810 Marquet (1998). The present paper continues the series Family von on Pliocene bivalves from Kallo. At this locality, an un- Subfamily Chlamydinae Teppner. 1922 40 Tribe Aequipectini Waller, 1993 fig. 2 reconditus J. de C. Sowerby, 146, pi. 575, Genus Aequipecten P. Fischer. 1886 1827 Pecten p. figs 5, 6 (non Solander in Brander, 1766). 1843 Pecten opercularis. Lin. — Nyst, p. 291, pi. 23, fig. Type species — Ostrea opercularis Linne, 1758, by 2. monotypv (Recent eastern Atlantic). 1843 Pecten Sowerbyi Nyst, p. 293, pi. 22, fig. 3 New synonyms — Aequipecten (Perapecten) Wagner, 1856 Pecten opercularis Linnaeus — Wood, p. 35, pi. 6, 1985 species, by original designation, is (p. 84), type fig. 2. commutatus Monterosato. 1875 (= nam. nov. Pecten Pecten J. — pro 1856 gracilis, Sowerby Wood, p. 37, pi. 6, Michelotti. Pecten philippii Recluz, 1853, non 1839); fig. 5. distribution: Recent, eastern Atlantic, from Portugal 1874 Pecten niveus? Macgillivray — Wood, p. 104, pi. 8. southwards to Senegal and in the Mediterranean). Lin- 8, fig. 1874 Pecten opercularis var. arcuata Wood, p. 105, pi dapecten Petuch, 1995 (p. 40), type species, by original 8, 6. distribu- fig. designation, is Pecten muscosus Wood. 1828; 1878 Pecten opercularis, L. —Nyst, pi. 15, fig. 1. tion: Recent, (sub)tropical western Atlantic. 1878 Pecten sowerbyi, Nyst — Nyst, pi. 15, fig. 2. Diagnosis — Aequipectini with a modified hinge denti- 1881 Pecten opercularis, Lin. — Nyst, p. 149 {partim). tion and prominent resilial teeth; shape near-orbicular 1937 Chlamys opercularis (Linne 1758)— van Regteren and equilateral; auricles slightly unequal in size. In early Altena, p. 61 (partim). ontogeny with a granulate micro-ornament, lacking re- 1950a Pecten (Chlamys) opercularis (Linne 1758) — ticulation or 'herringbone' structure; in early radial Heering, p. 46, pi. 14, figs 3-6 (partim). 1950b Pecten (Linne) — 13, stage, shell generally with ventrally concave commargi- (A.) opercularis Heering, p. 2, 23. nal lirae on rib flanks. pi. fig. 1957 Chlamys (Aequipecten) opercularis Linné, sp. 1758 Remarks — Wagner (1991, p. 42) raised Perapecten to — 28 Glibert, p. (partim). generic level. However, morphological features of this 1969 Lyropecten (Aequipecten) opercularis (Linnaeus, taxon. i.e. macro- and micro-ornament and auricular 1758) — van Regteren Altena et al., p. 16, pi. 10, crura, are similar to those of Aequipecten. Petuch (1995, fig. 38; pi. 11, fig. 38 (partim). considered be different from — p. 40) Lindapecten to 1976 Chlamys (Aequipecten) opercularis (Linnaeus) the basis of the of more Aequipecten mainly on presence Tebble, p. 60, pi. 5, fig. b, d. 1979 — Lucas, 14. erect spines on radial costae. This, however, is a very Aequipecten opercularis (L.) p. 1981 Chlamys (Aequipecten) 1758) insignificant character, which may also be observed in opercularis (Linne, — 7. Lauriat-Rage, p. 44, pi. 4, fig. species of the pectinid bivalve genera Chlamys Roding. 1991 — Aequipecten opercularis (L., 1758) Wagner, p 1798 and Mimachlamys Iredale. 1929. The overall mor- 40, text-fig. 22, pi. 6, figs 1-5. phological characters of Lindapecten and Aequipecten 1992 Aequipecten (Aequipecten) opercularis (L., 1758) are similar, which is why they are here synonymised. — Cavallo & Repetto, p. 186, fig. 550. Typical extant species of Aequipecten are the fol- 1993 Chlamys opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758)— Poppe & lowing: Goto, p. 63, pi. 9, fig. 4. 1994 Chlamys (Aequipecten) scabrella (Lamarck, 1819) - — Ben nonLamarck). A. commutatus (Monterosato, 1875) from the Moussa, p. 83, pi. 3, fig. 12 ( 1999 Ostrea Linnaeus, 1758 — Dijkstra, (sub)tropical eastern Atlantic and subtropical West opercularis p fig. 7a-d. Africa; 421, - from the A. exasperatus (G.B. Sowerby II, 1842) Locus — France. Caribbean region; typicus Brittany, Stratum — Recent. - A. flabellum (Gmelin, 1791)from the tropical eastern typicum Materialstudied — In addition the material Atlantic; to type (see Dijkstra, 1999, 422), we have studied the following - p. A. muscosus (Wood. 1828) from the (sub)tropical of A. o. in RM Colin): Ant- western Atlantic; specimens opercularis (all (Borgerhout Ring, Lt. Lippenslaan. 4 bv/3 v); - A. glyptus (Verrill. 1882) from the (sub)tropical werp Rivierenhofand Ring Foorplein, all from western Atlantic; Antwerp (Ring ‘Heterocetus level', Diest Formation, Deurne Member, 1 - A. nicklesi Dijkstra, 1998 from tropical West Africa; bv/12 v); Kallo Lillo Formation, Oor- - A. opercularis (Linne, 1758) from the boreal to sub- (Verrebroekdok, deren Member, Cultellus level, 108 v); Kallo tropical eastern Atlantic; 2 - A. tehuelchus (d'Orbigny. 1847) from the (subtro- (Vrasenedok, upper part Kattendijk Formation, bv); Antwerp (Kruisschanssluis, Lillo Formation, Lucht-bal pical southwestern Atlantic. Member, 4 bv); Antwerp (Noordkasteel. Luchtbal Mem- ber, 13 bv); Wijnegem (Het Sas, Austruweel Member, 1 v); Ekeren (Schoonbroek, Kruisschans Member, 10 v); Aequipecten opercularis opercularis (Linné, 1758) Kallo (Verrebroekdok, Kruisschans Member, basal level. PI. 1, Figs 1,2 39 v); Kallo (Verrebroekdok, Kruisschans Member, sand mixed derived * lens, 39 v); Antwerp (Ring Borgerhout. 1758 Ostrea opercularis Linne, p. 698. Pliocene. 1 Haven- 1825 Pecten gracilis J. de C. Sowerby, p. 129, pi. 393, bv); Antwerp (Berendrecht-Negende 41 dok, Merksem Member, 109 v); Kallo (Verrebroekdok, 1914) we have studied 20 valves from Salles (Ruisseau Merksem Member. 21 v); Gedgrave (The Cliff, Coralline de Dubern, Gironde, Aquitaine, France; Falun de Salles, Crag, 28 v); Gedgrave (The Broom, Coralline Crag, 21 Middle Miocene, RM Colin). Sutton Wood. Coralline Sut- — v); (Rockhall Crag, 50 v); Dimensions Height 67.2 nun, length 70.8 mm, di- Park Coralline ton (Sudbourne Pit. Crag. 50 v); Walton- ameter 24.0 mm (bivalved specimen, see PI. 1, Fig. 1); on-the-Naze (The Naze. Essex, Waltonian Red Crag, 11 height 39.2 mm, length 41.7 mm, diameter 12.6 mm (bi- Alderton Farm Newbournian v); (Buckanay Pit, Suffolk, valved specimen, see PI. 1, Fig. 2). For height and length Red Crag, 3 v). ofa sample of 50 specimens see Fig. 1. Of & Aequipecten o. pinorum (Cossmann Peyrot, Fig. 1. Aequipecteno. opercularis (Linné, 1758),Kallo(Verrebroekdok), Lillo Formation, Oorderen Member, Cultellus level and basal level (all RM
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