Phylogeny and Molecular Evolution of Green Algae
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An Analysis of the Community Composition of the Xiphophora Gladiata Dominated Subzone of the Tasmanian Sublittoral Fringe
Papers and Proceedings ol the Royal Society of Tasmania, Volume 123, 1989 191 AN ANALYSIS OF THE COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF THE XIPHOPHORA GLADIATA DOMINATED SUBZONE OF THE TASMANIAN SUBLITTORAL FRINGE by E. L. Rice (with five tables and nine text-figures) RICE, E.L., 1989 (31:x): An analysis of the community composition of the Xiphophora iladiata dominated subzone of the Tasmanian sublittoral fringe. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 123: I 91-209. https://doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.123.191 ISSN 0080-4703. Biological Sciences Branch, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Halifax Research Laboratory, PO Box 550, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 2S7, Canada; formerly Department of Botany, University of Tasmania The rocky shore sublittoral fringe of the oceanic coasts of Tasmania contains a subzone dominated by the large brown alga Xiphophora iladiata. The community composition of this subzone is here examined at fourteen sites. The phytal and fauna! assemblages are analysed by principal co-ordinate, classification and nodal analyses. This subzone is found to have a high species richness. including species which had been thought to occupy only higher or lower tidal levels. It is suggested that both plant and animal assemblages are strongly influenced by wave exposure, freshwater run-off and geography. Key Words: marine community composition, sublittoral fringe, Xiphophora, multivariate analyses. INTRODUCTION (Bennett & Pope 1960). Thus, on the oceanic coasts of Tasmania it is possible to define a Xiphophora The rocky shores of southeastern Australia are subzone, dominated by X. g/adiata, which marks known to be occupied primarily by barnacles and the highest limit of the sublittoral fringe on very molluscs in the upper intertidal (Underwood 1981), exposed shores and represents the upper sublittoral while algae dominate at midshore level and below. -
A Forensic and Phylogenetic Survey of Caulerpa Species
J. Phycol. 42, 1113–1124 (2006) r 2006 by the Phycological Society of America DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2006.0271.x A FORENSIC AND PHYLOGENETIC SURVEY OF CAULERPA SPECIES (CAULERPALES, CHLOROPHYTA) FROM THE FLORIDA COAST, LOCAL AQUARIUM SHOPS, AND E-COMMERCE: ESTABLISHING A PROACTIVE BASELINE FOR EARLY DETECTION1 Wytze T. Stam2 Jeanine L. Olsen Department of Marine Benthic Ecology and Evolution, Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, Biological Centre, University of Groningen, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands Susan Frisch Zaleski University of Southern California Sea Grant Program, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, California 90089-0373, USA Steven N. Murray Department of Biological Science, California State University, Fullerton, PO Box 6850, Fullerton, California 92834-6850, USA Katherine R. Brown and Linda J. Walters Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA Baseline genotypes were established for 256 in- researchers interested in the evolution and speciat- dividuals of Caulerpa collected from 27 field loca- ion of Caulerpa. tions in Florida (including the Keys), the Bahamas, Key index words: aquarium trade; Caulerpa; e-com- US Virgin Islands, and Honduras, nearly doubling merce; invasive species; ITS; marine conservation; the number of available GenBank sequences. On the phylogeny; tufA basis of sequences from the nuclear rDNA-ITS 1 þ 2 and the chloroplast tufA regions, the phylogeny of Abbreviations: CTAB, cetyltrimethylammonium bro- Caulerpa was reassessed and the presence of inva- mide; ITS, internally transcribed spacer; MCMC, sive strains was determined. Surveys in central Flor- Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis ida and southern California of 4100 saltwater aquarium shops and 90 internet sites revealed that 450% sold Caulerpa. -
Frontiers in Zoology Biomed Central
Frontiers in Zoology BioMed Central Research Open Access Functional chloroplasts in metazoan cells - a unique evolutionary strategy in animal life Katharina Händeler*1, Yvonne P Grzymbowski1, Patrick J Krug2 and Heike Wägele1 Address: 1Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany and 2Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, California, 90032-8201, USA Email: Katharina Händeler* - [email protected]; Yvonne P Grzymbowski - [email protected]; Patrick J Krug - [email protected]; Heike Wägele - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 1 December 2009 Received: 26 June 2009 Accepted: 1 December 2009 Frontiers in Zoology 2009, 6:28 doi:10.1186/1742-9994-6-28 This article is available from: http://www.frontiersinzoology.com/content/6/1/28 © 2009 Händeler et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Among metazoans, retention of functional diet-derived chloroplasts (kleptoplasty) is known only from the sea slug taxon Sacoglossa (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia). Intracellular maintenance of plastids in the slug's digestive epithelium has long attracted interest given its implications for understanding the evolution of endosymbiosis. However, photosynthetic ability varies widely among sacoglossans; some species have no plastid retention while others survive for months solely on photosynthesis. We present a molecular phylogenetic hypothesis for the Sacoglossa and a survey of kleptoplasty from representatives of all major clades. We sought to quantify variation in photosynthetic ability among lineages, identify phylogenetic origins of plastid retention, and assess whether kleptoplasty was a key character in the radiation of the Sacoglossa. -
Representatividad De Las Algas Marinas En La Colección Del Herbario Del Instituto De Ecología Y Sistemática (HAC), Cuba
REVISTA DE CIENCIAS, Vol. 1, No. 1 de 2011. ISSN 2256-3830 Representatividad de las algas marinas en la colección del Herbario del Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática (HAC), Cuba Representativeness of the marine algae in the collection of the Herbarium of the Insti- tute of Ecology and Systematic (HAC), Cuba Yusimí Alfonsoa* aAcuario Nacional de Cuba, Dto.de Colecciones Marinas. Calle 1ra # 6002 e/. 60 y 62, C. P. 11300, Playa, La Habana, Cuba. [email protected] Aceptado Octubre 2011; Publicado en línea Enero 2012 Resumen En el herbario del Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática se conserva la colección de algas marinas más antigua del país, con folias colectadas desde 1900 hasta 1960. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar la repre- sentatividad de las macroalgas marinas cubanas, actualizar la taxonomía y presentar la lista sistemática de las 500 folias depositadas. Esta colección fue organizada siguiendo el criterio de la literatura más actual. Se con- feccionó la lista sistemática. En total se encuentran depositadas 101 especies, de las cuales 40 son Chlorophy- tas, 43 Rhodophytas y 18 Ochrophytas lo cual representa un 21% del número de especies consignadas para Cuba. Se actualizó el nombre en 54 folias de 26 especies que estaban en sinonimia. De ellas 13 especies per- tenecen a las verdes, cinco a las pardas y ocho a las rojas. Se confirma la presencia de la especie Chrysymenia enteromorpha Harvey para aguas cubanas. Palabras claves: Herbario, algas marinas, lista de especies, Chrysymenia. Abstract The Institute of Ecology and Systematic Herbarium, the oldest collection of marine algae in the country, keeps herbarium specimens collected since 1900 up to 1960. -
New Records of Benthic Marine Algae and Cyanobacteria for Costa Rica, and a Comparison with Other Central American Countries
Helgol Mar Res (2009) 63:219–229 DOI 10.1007/s10152-009-0151-1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE New records of benthic marine algae and Cyanobacteria for Costa Rica, and a comparison with other Central American countries Andrea Bernecker Æ Ingo S. Wehrtmann Received: 27 August 2008 / Revised: 19 February 2009 / Accepted: 20 February 2009 / Published online: 11 March 2009 Ó Springer-Verlag and AWI 2009 Abstract We present the results of an intensive sampling Rica; we discuss this result in relation to the emergence of program carried out from 2000 to 2007 along both coasts of the Central American Isthmus. Costa Rica, Central America. The presence of 44 species of benthic marine algae is reported for the first time for Costa Keywords Marine macroalgae Á Cyanobacteria Á Rica. Most of the new records are Rhodophyta (27 spp.), Costa Rica Á Central America followed by Chlorophyta (15 spp.), and Heterokontophyta, Phaeophycea (2 spp.). Overall, the currently known marine flora of Costa Rica is comprised of 446 benthic marine Introduction algae and 24 Cyanobacteria. This species number is an under estimation, and will increase when species of benthic The marine benthic flora plays an important role in the marine algae from taxonomic groups where only limited marine environment. It forms the basis of many marine information is available (e.g., microfilamentous benthic food chains and harbors an impressive variety of organ- marine algae, Cyanobacteria) are included. The Caribbean isms. Fish, decapods and mollusks are among the most coast harbors considerably more benthic marine algae (318 prominent species associated with the marine flora, which spp.) than the Pacific coast (190 spp.); such a trend has serves these animals as a refuge and for alimentation (Hay been observed in all neighboring countries. -
The Marine Species of Cladophora (Chlorophyta) from the South African East Coast
NovaHedwigia 76 1—2 45—82 Stuttgart, Februar 2003 The marine species of Cladophora (Chlorophyta) from the South African East Coast by F. Leliaert and E. Coppejans Research Group Phycology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8 B-9000 Ghent, Belgium E-mails: [email protected] and [email protected] With 16 figures and 5 tables Leliaert, F. & E. Coppejans (2003): The marine species of Cladophora (Chlorophyta) from the South African East Coast. - Nova Hedwigia 76: 45-82. Abstract: Twelve species of the genus Cladophora occur along the South African East Coast. Detailed descriptions and illustrations are presented. Four species are recorded for the first time in South Africa: C. catenata , C. vagabunda , C. horii and C. dotyana; the last two are also new records for the Indian Ocean. A comparison of the South African C. rugulosa specimens with specimens of C. prolifera from South Africa and other regions have shown that these species are not synonymous as previously considered, leading to the resurrection of C. rugulosa which is probably a South African endemic. Key words: Cladophora, C. catenata , C. dotyana, C. horii, C. prolifera , C. rugulosa , C. vagabunda , South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal. Introduction Cladophora Kützing is one of the largest green-algal genera and has a worldwide distribution. Within the class Cladophorophyceae the genus Cladophora is characterized by its simple thallus architecture: branched, uniseriate filaments of multinucleate cells. Eleven different architectural types (sections) are distinguished in the genus (van den Hoek 1963, 1982; van den Hoek & Chihara 2000). Recent studies based on morphological and molecular data have proven that Cladophora is polyphyletic (van den Hoek 1982; Bakker et al. -
Distribution of Epiphytic Macroalgae on the Thalli of Their Hosts in Cuba
Acta Botanica Brasilica 27(4): 815-826. 2013. Distribution of epiphytic macroalgae on the thalli of their hosts in Cuba Yander Luis Diez García1, Abdiel Jover Capote2,6, Ana María Suárez Alfonso3, Liliana María Gómez Luna4 and Mutue Toyota Fujii5 Received: 4 April, 2012. Accepted: 14 October, 2013 ABSTRACT We investigated the distribution of epiphytic macroalgae on the thalli of their hosts at eight localities along the sou- theastern coast of Cuba between June 2010 and March 2011. We divided he epiphytes in two groups according to their distribution on the host: those at the base of the thallus and those on its surface. We determining the dissimilarity between the zones and the species involved. We identified 102 taxa of epiphytic macroalgae. There were significant differences between the two zones. In 31 hosts, the number of epiphytes was higher on the surface of the thallus, whereas the number of epiphytes was higher at the thallus base in 25 hosts, and the epiphytes were equally distributed between the two zones in five hosts (R=−0.001, p=0.398). The mean dissimilarity between the two zones, in terms of the species composition of the epiphytic macroalgae, was 96.64%. Hydrolithon farinosum and Polysiphonia atlantica accounted for 43.76% of the dissimilarity. Among macroalgae, the structure of the thallus seems to be a determinant of their viability as hosts for epiphytes. Key words: Chlorophyta, epiphytism, distribution, Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyta Introduction scales is a potentially productive approach. It is important to understand the patterns of abundance of all sympatric The structure of intertidal marine communities is deter- epiphytic species along the various gradients, because in- mined by a combination of physical factors and biotic interac- terspecific relationships could represent one of the factors tions (Little & Kitching 1996; Wernberg & Connell 2008). -
2009-Fredericq-Et-Al-2009-S.Pdf
Fredericq, S., T. O. Cho, S. A. Earle, C. F. Gurgel, D. M. Krayesky, L. E. Mateo-Cid, A. C. Mendoza-González, J. N. Norris, and A. M. Suárez. 2009. Seaweeds of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 187–259 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas. •9 Seaweeds of the Gulf of Mexico Suzanne Fredericq, Tae Oh Cho, Sylvia A. Earle, Carlos Frederico Gurgel, David M. Krayesky, Luz Elena Mateo- Cid, A. Catalina Mendoza- González, James N. Norris, and Ana María Suárez The marine macroalgae, or seaweeds, are a heterogenous group historically lumped together as “Protists,” an assem- blage of taxa whose members typically lack true roots, shoots, leaves, seeds, or water- conducting tissues. They comprise the multicellular green algae (Chlorophyta), red algae (Rhodophyta), and brown algae (Phaeophyceae). Until very recently, the relationship among the Algae and other Protists remained inconclusive and often contradic- tory (Adl et al. 2005). Our understanding of algal phylogeny has dramatically increased with molecular evolutionary methods, and the latest research indicates that the Rhodophyta is a distinct A green seaweed, Acetabularia. After Taylor 1954. eukaryotic lineage that shares a most common ancestry with the Chlorophyta in the Plant lineage (Oliveira and The classification within the Rhodophyta at the ordi- Bhattacharya 2000). A second cluster, the Chromalveo- nal level is unstable and in a constant flux, more so than lata, comprises the Stramenopiles, in which the brown in the Chlorophyta and the Phaeophyceae, and it is cur- algae belong, in addition to diatoms, many zoosporic rently undergoing much taxonomic revision that has led fungi, and the opalinids, among others (Palmer 2000, Adl to proposals of new and recircumscribed orders (Adl et al. -
Redalyc.Nuevos Registros De Algas Verdes Marinas (Ulvophyceae)
Acta Botánica Mexicana ISSN: 0187-7151 [email protected] Instituto de Ecología, A.C. México Quiroz-González, Nataly; León-Álvarez, Daniel; Rivas-Acuña, Ma. Guadalupe Nuevos registros de algas verdes marinas (Ulvophyceae) para Tabasco, México Acta Botánica Mexicana, núm. 118, enero-, 2017, pp. 121-138 Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Pátzcuaro, México Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=57449640007 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto 118: 121-138 Enero 2017 Artículo de investigación Nuevos registros de algas verdes marinas (Ulvophyceae) para Tabasco, México New records of marine green algae (Ulvophyceae) from Tabasco, Mexico Nataly Quiroz-González1,3 , Daniel León-Álvarez2 y Ma. Guadalupe Rivas-Acuña1 RESUMEN: 1 Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Ta- Antecedentes y Objetivos: El conocimiento de la ficoflora en el estado de Tabasco es escaso, se basco, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, 0.5 km carretera Cárdenas, tienen 38 registros de Rhodophyta, siete de Ochrophyta, y solo cinco de Chlorophyta. Además, a 86000 Villahermosa, Tabasco, México. nivel nacional es el estado costero con el menor número de publicaciones del tema. Se desarrolló el 2 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de presente trabajo para contribuir al conocimiento de la flora algal del estado, particularmente al de México, Facultad de Ciencias, Herbario, Chlorophyta. Laboratorio de Ficología y Sección de Al- gas, 04510 CDMX, México. Métodos: Se revisó material procedente de los herbarios de la Facultad de Ciencias de la UNAM 3 Autor para la correspondencia: (FCME) y de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT). -
Caulerpa Hedleyi 50.650 Weber Van Bosse MACRO PLANT Techniques Needed and Plant Shape Flat-Branched
Caulerpa hedleyi 50.650 Weber van Bosse MACRO PLANT Techniques needed and plant shape flat-branched Classification Phylum: Chlorophyta; Order: Bryopsidales; Family: Caulerpaceae *Descriptive name pipe-cleaner caulerpa; “Hedley’s caulerpa Features 1. plants grey-green, 30-80mm tall 2. main (primary) upright branches arise from a coarse runner covered with branched spines 3. short side branches regularly arise in 2 rows from upright branches 4. branches are clothed with a dense felt-like mass of fine ultimate branches (ramuli) Variations upright axes are occasionally branched Special requirements slice across the upright branches to view the short ultimate branches (ramuli). They are short, radiate outwards and are forked several times — a feature of the species – ending in microscopic spines Occurrences from Rottnest I., W. Australia to Investigator Strait, S. Australia Usual Habitat probably a deep water species (at 30m) or in heavily shaded shallow water Similar Species the branching pattern looks superficially like Caulerpa flexilis var. muelleri, but in that species the ramuli only loosely clothe the branches, are longer and forked only once Description in the Benthic Flora Part I, pages 261, 263, 268 3 Details of Anatomy 2. 1. s br ax 3. ram 4. Microscope views of different magnification of a preserved (bleached) specimen of Caulerpa hedleyi (A33741): 1. a back-lit side branch densely clothed with short ramuli 2. top-lit tips of side branches 3. an upright branch (axis, ax) with side branches (s br) arising in 2 rows (distichously) 4. slice across a branch showing the radiating ultimate branches (ramuli, ram), each branched several times and ending in spines (sp) * Descriptive names are inventions to aid identification, and are not commonly used § name used in Edgar, G. -
Seaweed Species Diversity from Veraval and Sikka Coast, Gujarat, India
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(11): 3667-3675 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 11 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.911.441 Seaweed Species Diversity from Veraval and Sikka Coast, Gujarat, India Shivani Pathak*, A. J. Bhatt, U. G. Vandarvala and U. D. Vyas Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries Science, Veraval, Gujarat, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The aim of the present investigation focused on a different group of seaweeds observed K e yw or ds from Veraval and Sikka coasts, Gujarat from September 2019 to February 2020, to understand their seaweeds diversity. Seaweed diversity at Veraval and Sikka coasts has Seaweeds diversity, been studied for six months the using belt transect random sampling method. It was Veraval, Sikka observed that seaweeds were not found permanently during the study period but some species were observed only for short periods while other species occurred for a particular season. A total of 50 species of seaweeds were recorded in the present study, of which 17 Article Info species belong to green algae, 14 species belong to brown algae and 19 species of red Accepted: algae at Veraval and Sikka coasts. Rhodophyceae group was dominant among all the 24 October 2020 classes. There were variations in species of marine macroalgae between sites and Available Online: seasons.During the diversity survey, economically important species like Ulva lactuca, U. 10 November 2020 fasciata, Sargassum sp., and Caulerpa sp., were reported. -
Seaweeds of California Green Algae
PDF version Remove references Seaweeds of California (draft: Sun Nov 24 15:32:39 2019) This page provides current names for California seaweed species, including those whose names have changed since the publication of Marine Algae of California (Abbott & Hollenberg 1976). Both former names (1976) and current names are provided. This list is organized by group (green, brown, red algae); within each group are genera and species in alphabetical order. California seaweeds discovered or described since 1976 are indicated by an asterisk. This is a draft of an on-going project. If you have questions or comments, please contact Kathy Ann Miller, University Herbarium, University of California at Berkeley. [email protected] Green Algae Blidingia minima (Nägeli ex Kützing) Kylin Blidingia minima var. vexata (Setchell & N.L. Gardner) J.N. Norris Former name: Blidingia minima var. subsalsa (Kjellman) R.F. Scagel Current name: Blidingia subsalsa (Kjellman) R.F. Scagel et al. Kornmann, P. & Sahling, P.H. 1978. Die Blidingia-Arten von Helgoland (Ulvales, Chlorophyta). Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen 31: 391-413. Scagel, R.F., Gabrielson, P.W., Garbary, D.J., Golden, L., Hawkes, M.W., Lindstrom, S.C., Oliveira, J.C. & Widdowson, T.B. 1989. A synopsis of the benthic marine algae of British Columbia, southeast Alaska, Washington and Oregon. Phycological Contributions, University of British Columbia 3: vi + 532. Bolbocoleon piliferum Pringsheim Bryopsis corticulans Setchell Bryopsis hypnoides Lamouroux Former name: Bryopsis pennatula J. Agardh Current name: Bryopsis pennata var. minor J. Agardh Silva, P.C., Basson, P.W. & Moe, R.L. 1996. Catalogue of the benthic marine algae of the Indian Ocean.