SUBJECT INDEX

A –, pexophagy 124 axon 258, 304, 312, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, actin filaments 28, 82, 148, 150, 156, 158, 166, 224, 300, 330, 332 310, 312, 354 axonal degeneration 330 –, brush border 148, 158, 166, 224 axonal regeneration 330 actinomycin D 12 adhering junctions 166, 194, 224, 236, 250, 254, 310 B adipose tissue 290, 292 –, white 290 basal bodies 236, 244 –, brown 292 basal labyrinth 178 aggresomes 40, 152 –, renal tubules 178 alpha-actinin 180, 300, 312 –, submandibular gland 198 Alport’s syndrome 182 basal lamina 176, 180, 184, 196, 198, 214, 218, 222, 238, alveolar septum 248 240, 248, 254, 258, 260, 282, 284, 300, 302, 304, 306, 310, alveoli 248 312, 318, 322, 324, 328 –, gas exchange 248 basement membrane 162, 164, 180, 182, 184, 186, 198, –, host defense 248 240, 256, 262, 264, 266, 268, 272, 274, 284, 286, 290, 314 –, hypophase 248 –, basal lamina 180 –, surfactant 248 –, dermal-epidermal junction 186 –, type-I pneumocytes alveolar epithelial cells 248 –, Descemet’s membrane 284 –, type-II pneumocytes alveolar epithelial cells 248 –, kidney glomerulus 162, 182, 262 amyloidosis 286 –, reticular lamina 180 –, AA amyloidosis 286 –, skin 186 –, AL amyloidosis 286 –, smooth muscle cell 180 –, amyloid fibril growth 288 basophilic granulocyte 342, 346 –, amyloid fibrils 288 Becker muscular dystrophy 306 –, atomic force microscopy 288 belt desmosome 148, 166, 222, 224, 310 –, renal amyloidosis 286 –, cadherins 166 Amyloid fibrils 286, 288 –, plaque proteins 166 annulate lamellae 32 Berger’s disease 270 apoptosis 22, 38, 124, 234 blood 340, 342, 344, 346, 348, 350, 352, 354 arterial wall 260 –, basophilic granulocyte 342, 346 articular cartilage 294 –, eosinophilic granulocyte 344 –, high pressure freezing 294 –, erythrocyte 340 –, mineralisation 294 –, lymphocyte 350 astrocytes 316, 318, 328 –, monocyte 348 atomic force microscopy 18, 288 –, neutrophilic granulocyte 342 –, amyloid fibrils 288 –, thrombocyte 352, 354 –, complexes 18 blood-brain barrier 168, 318, 324 autophagic cell death 22 bone 296, 298 autophagy 22, 26, 44, 106, 124, 126 –, mineralisation 296 –, autophagic 216 –, osteoblasts 296 –, autophagosome 124 –, osteoclast 298 –, autophagosome formation 124, 126 –, osteocytes 296 –, crinophagy 124 –, osteoid 296 –, cytosolic aggregates 124 bone marrow 20, 112, 116, 122, 142, 144, 258, 274, 280, –, ER-phagy 124 298, 318, 340, 346, 348, 350, 352, 354 –, isolation membrane 124 –, cells of the erythroid lineage 340 –, origin of isolation membrane 124 –, megakaryocyte 352 –, phagophore 124 –, myelocyte 20 358 Subject Index

–, proerythroblast 20 cell division 20 bone resorption 298 cells of Ito 214 Bowman’s layer 238, 282, 284 cells of the erythroid lineage 340 brefeldin A 74, 76, 78, 80, 84 cellular interdigitations 176 –, Golgi disassembly 74 central nervous system 316, 318, 320, 326, 328 –, pre-Golgi intermediates 78 –, blood-brain barrier 318 –, retrograde transport of internalised WGA 78 –, glial cells 316 –, transitional ER-elements 80 –, myelinated nerve fibre 326 –, tubulation of and endosomes 76 –, neuron 316 bromodeoxyuridine 8 –, synapses 318 brush border 90, 146, 148, 158, 160, 166, 200, 222, 224, –, synaptic terminal 320 226, 228, 230, 266 centrioles 20 –, antennulae microvillares 160 144 –, renal proximal tubule 228 chaperones 36, 38, 40, 48, 82, 152 –, small intestinal enterocytes 224 chondrocytes 294 brush cell 158 choroid plexus ependyma 222 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 22 C chromosomes 4, 6, 8, 10, 20 cilia 196, 220, 236, 244, 246 C-peptide 206 –, axoneme 244 CADASIL 314 –, ciliary movement 244 cadherins 166, 186, 242 –, dynein 244 Cajal body 4, 10 clathrin-coated vesicles 64, 92, 96, 290 calnexin/calreticulin cycle 36, 48 collagen fibres 186, 274, 276, 278, 294 cardiac muscle 206, 310 collagen fibrils 218, 274, 276, 278, 280, 282, 284, 294, –, intercalated disk 310 296, 312, 322, 324 –, myofibrils 310 compound exocytosis 90, 200, 280 cartilage 278, 294 Concanavalin A 34 –, chondrocytes 294 –, Con A-gold labelling 34 –, fibres 294 congenital hepatic fibrosis 220 –, matrix 294 connective tissue 274, 276, 278, 280, 282 caspases 22 –, collagen fibres 274, 276, 278 caveolae 92, 94, 102, 104, 254, 258, 290, 302, 312 –, collagen fibrils 274, 276, 278, 280, 282 –, endothelial cells 102, 104, 254, 258 –, dense connective tissue 282 –, smooth muscle cells 102, 104, 312 –, elastic fibres 278 caveosomes 94, 102 –, eosinophilic granulocyte 280 cell-cell interaction 174 –, fibroblast 276 –, basal labyrinth 178 –, fibrocyte 276 –, cellular interdigitations 176 –, loose connective tissue 274 –, endothelial cell 174 –, macrophage 276, 280 –, neutrophilic leukocyte 174 –, mast cell 280 –, L-selectin 174 –, plasma cell 280 cell cultures 156 continuous capillary 254 –, actin 156 COPI 46 –, cell crawling 156 COPII 46 –, cell movement 156 cornea 114, 184, 238, 282, 284 –, filopodia 156 –, Bowman’s layer 284 –, lamellipodia 156 –, Descemet’s membrane 184 –, locomotion 156 –, endothelium 184 –, spreading 156 –, epithelium 238 Subject Index 359

–, stroma 282 –, cholera toxin 102 Crigler-Najjar syndrome 44 –, early endosomes 94, 96, 98 crinophagy 194 –, early sorting endosomes 94 cystinosis 122 –, endocytic pathways 94 cytocentre 144 –, fluid-phase endocytosis 104 144, 146, 148, 150, 156, 166, 168 –, Golgi apparatus 66, 94, 96, 100, 102 –, actin filaments 148 –, Langerhans cells 100 –, intermediate filaments 150 –, late endosomes 94, 96, 98 –, microtubules 144, 146 –, multivesicular bodies 94 –, phagocytosis 104 D –, receptor recycling 98 –, receptor-mediated endocytosis 92 dendritic cells 100 –, recycling endosomes 94 dermal-epidermal junction 186 –, Ricinus communis I 92, 94, 104 –, anchoring fibrils 186 –, transferrin receptors 98 –, basement membrane 186 –, tubular pericentriolar endosomes 98 –, hemidesmosomes 186 –, virus internalisation 102 –, integrin 186 –, wheat germ agglutinin 94, 96 Descemet’s membrane 184 endoneurium 322, 324, 326 desmin 300, 312 endosomes 76, 78, 80 desmocollins 176, 182 –, brefeldin A 76 desmogleins 166, 172 –, tubular pericentriolar endosomes 98 desmoplakin 166, 172, 242 –, Birbeck granules 100 dinoflagellates 26 endothelio-pericyte interactions 260 disseminated endocrine system 210 endothelio-smooth muscle cell interactions 260 –, closed type 210 endothelium 104, 114, 174, 184, 212, 214, 222, 238, 254, –, endocrine cell 210 256, 258, 260, 318, 346 –, intestinal tract 210 –, continuous capillary 254 –, open type 210 –, fenestrated capillary 258 –, respiratory tract 158, 236, 244, 248, 270 eosinophilic granulocyte 280, 344 DNA 6, 8 eosinophilic myelocyte 20 Duchenne muscular dystrophy 306 epidermis 100, 172, 186, 188, 240, 242 dysproteinaemic neuropathies 334 –, basal layer 240 dystrophin 300, 306 –, differentiation of keratinocytes 242 –, formation of the epidermal fluid barrier 242 E –, granular layer 240 –, horny layer 240 EDEM 48 –, keratinisation 240 elastic fibres 260, 274, 276, 278 –, spinous layer 240 electron tomography 70, 72, 320 epidermolysis bullosa 188 endocrine cells 88, 206, 208, 210, 244 –, blisters 188 –, D-cell 210 –, dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa 188 –, TG-cell 210 –, epidermolysis bullosa simplex 188 –, B-cell 210 –, epidermolytic hyperkeratosis 188 endocrine secretion 206, 208 epineurium 324 –, beta cells of the islets of Langerhans 206 ER α-mannosidases 36 –, human insulinoma 208 ER overload response 38 endocytosis 66, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, 104 ERAD 48 –, Birbeck granules 100 ergastoplasm 28 –, caveolae 102 erythroblast 340 360 Subject Index

erythrocyte 340 glucosyltransferase 36, 48 erythropoiesis 340 glycocalyx 154, 160, 162, 164 erythropoietic protoporphyria 142 –, antennulae microvillares 160 –, bone marrow 142 –, β1,6 branched tri- and tetra-antennary glycans 164 –, crystalline inclusions 142 –, cell type specificity 162 –, ferrochelatase 142 –, domain formation 162 –, haem biosynthesis 142 –, embryonic development 164 –, protoporphyrin 142 –, glycolipids 160 exocytosis 2, 24, 86, 88, 90 –, glycoproteins 160 –, intestinal absorptive cells 160 –, metastatic growth 164 F –, mucus 160 –, NCAM 164 fenestrated capillary 222, 258 –, neuroendocrine tumours 164 fibroblast 276, 278 –, polysialic acid 164 fibrocyte 276 –, sialosyl Tn antigen 164 filaggrin 242 –, tumours 164 5’bromouridine-5-triphosphate 14 –, Wilms tumour 164 fluid-phase endocytosis 104 glycogen 34, 42, 116, 122, 140 –, endothelium 104 –, α particles 140 –, horseradish peroxidase 104 –, β particles 140 Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy 306 –, glycosomes 140 –, type-I glycogen storage disease 140 glycogenosis type II 122, 308 G goblet cell 54, 58, 88, 90, 200, 244 Golgi apparatus 2, 20, 24, 26, 46, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, gap junctions 168 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 94, 96, 100, –, connexins 168 102, 106, 108, 144, 146, 152, 176, 192, 194, 200, 206, 208, –, connexons 168 216, 218, 222, 224, 226, 232, 234, 250, 252, 260, 276, 278, –, freeze fracture replicas 168 290, 294, 304, 316, 342, 348, 350 gas exchange 248 –, brefeldin A 74, 76, 78, 80 Gilbert syndrome 44 –, Camillo Golgi 50 glomerular basement membrane 162, 182 –, endo α-mannosidase 54 –, Alport’s syndrome 182 –, endocytic pathways 72, 92, 94 glomerular pathology 264, 266, 268, 270, 272 –, endocytosis 66 –, chronic allograft glomerulopathy 272 –, galactosyltransferase 56, 60 –, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 268 –, Golgi changes uponATP-depletion andATP-replenish- –, membranous glomerulonephritis 266 ment 84 glomerulus 262 –, Golgi mannosidase I 54 –, amyloidosis 286 –, Golgi mannosidase II 54 –, basement membrane 262 –, Golgi stacks’ organisation 50 –, chronic allograft glomerulopathy 272 –, heat shock 82 –, IgA nephropathy 270 –, high pressure freezing 64, 68 –, mesangial cells 262 –, lysosomal enzymes 106, 108 –, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 268 –, maturation of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides 56 –, membranous glomerulonephritis 266 –, microtubule disruption 146 –, minimal change glomerulopathy 264 –, mitosis 20 –, podocytes 262 –, nucleotide sugar transporter 56 glucosidase I 36 –, oligosaccharide trimming 54 glucosidase II 36, 48 –, polylactosamine 56 Subject Index 361

–, protein glycosylation 54 J –, protein N-glycosylation 54 –, protein O-glycosylation 2 junctional complex 166, 186, 202 –, protein secretion 52 –, maculae adhaerentes 166 –, secretion 66 –, zonula adhaerens 166 –, sialic acid 56 –, zonula occludens 166 –, sialyltransferase 56 K keratohyalin granules 240, 242 H kidney 22, 42, 64, 114, 116, 132, 140, 156, 162, 164, 178, 204, 220, 228, 256, 262, 286, 290, 340, 352 heat shock 82 –, amyloidosis 286 –, cytoskeleton 82 –, glomerular pathology 264, 266, 268, 270, 272 –, Golgi apparatus 82 –, glomerulus 262 –, mitochondria 82 –, intercalated cell 204 –, nucleus 82 –, distal tubule 178 –, rough 82 –, proximal tubule 178, 228 heat shock proteins 82 Kupffer cell 104, 110, 112, 116, 142, 216, 348 hemidesmosome 166, 186, 188, 238, 240 hepatocyte 44, 212, 214, 216, 218, 220 high pressure freezing 64, 68, 294 L human immunodeficiency virus 92 hyaline arteriolosclerosis 256 lamina basalis 180 lamina fibroreticularis 180 Langerhans cell 100 langerin 100 I limb-girdle muscular dystrophies 306 liver epithelium 212, 214, 216, 218 IgA nephropathy 270 –, bile canaliculi 212, 214, 216 insulin 206, 208, 210 –, cell of Ito 214 insulinoma 208 –, congenital hepatic fibrosis 220 intercalated cells of kidney 204 –, Kupffer cell 214 –, acid-base balance 204 –, pathway of secretory lipoprotein particles 218 –, band 3 204 –, sinus endothelium 214 –, carbonic anhydrase II 204 –, space of Disse 214, 216, 218 –, H+-ATPase 204 lung 248 –, mitochondria 204 –, alveoli 248 intercalated disk 310 lymph capillary 104 –, fasciae adhaerentes 310 lymphocyte 350 –, gap junctions 310 lysosomal enzymes 28, 106, 108, 110, 124, 298, 348 intermediate filaments 6, 40, 148, 150, 152, 158, 166, –, glycan modifications 106 172, 186, 224, 238, 240, 290, 312 –, mannose-6-phosphate recognition marker 106 –, brush cell 158 lysosomal storage disease 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, –, cytokeratins 150 122, 336, 338 –, desmin 312 –, Fabry’s disease 114 –, lamins 6, 150 –, Farber’s disease 118 –, neurofilaments 158 –, Gaucher’s disease 112 internal elastic lamina 260 –, glycogenosis type II 122 intestinal absorptive cell 64, 106, 146, 160 –, GM2 gangliosidoses 116 involucrin 242 –, I-cell disease 110 362 Subject Index

–, metachromatic leukodystrophy 336 Mott cell 38 –, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses 338 mucin glycoproteins 62 –, Wolman’s disease 120 muscular dystrophies 306 2, 40, 60, 66, 76, 80, 94, 98, 104, 106, 108, 110, myelin sheath 304, 322, 326, 328, 330, 334, 336 112, 114, 120, 122, 124, 126, 194, 216, 224, 228, 230, 276, myelinated nerve fibre 322, 324, 326, 328 280, 308, 338, 342, 344, 346, 348, 354 –, node of Ranvier 328 –, acid phosphatase 108 myofibril 300 –, autophagy 106 –, A-band 300 –, heterophagy 106 –, actin filaments 300 –, LAMP 108 –, H-band 300 –, lysosomal enzymes 106 –, I-band 300 –, lysosomal membrane proteins 108 –, M-line 300 –, polylactosamine 108 –, myosin filaments 300 –, residual bodies 126 –, Z-disk 300

M N macrophage 88, 92, 104, 108, 112, 118, 274, 276, 280, 298 N-glycans 56, 62, 200 macropinosomes 92, 94, 104 nanotubes 170 maculae adhaerentes 166, 172, 224, 242, 310 nebulin 300 Mallory body 152 nephrin 262, 264 –, keratins 152 nerve tissue 316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, –, hepatocyte 152 334, 336, 338 mannose-6-phosphate receptor 96, 106, 108 –, axonal degeneration 330 mast cell 280 –, central nervous system: blood-brain barrier, synapses megakaryocyte 352 318 melanocyte 240 –, central nervous system: neuron, glial cells 316 metachromatic leukodystrophy 336 –, metachromatic leukodystrophy 336 microtubules 20, 28, 40, 46, 98, 144, 146, 148, 150, 156, –, myelin sheath 322, 326, 328, 330, 334, 336 158, 230, 236, 244, 246, 298, 316, 322, 324, 330, 354 –, myelinated nerve fibre 322, 324, 326, 328 –, α-tubulin 144 –, neuroaxonal dystrophy 332 –, dynamic instability 144 –, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses 338 –, Golgi apparatus 144, 146 –, neuropathies associated with dysproteinaemias 334 –, microtubule disruption 146 –, node of Ranvier 326, 328 –, β-tubulin 144 –, peripheral nerve 324 –, thrombocyte 354 –, peripheral nervous system 322, 326, 328, 330, 336 misfolded glycoproteins 38,40, 48 –, peripheral nervous system: unmyelinated nerve fibre mitochondria 22, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, 142 322, 324 –, antiretroviral drug 130 neuroaxonal dystrophy 332 –, apoptosis 22 neuromuscular junction 304 –, crista-type 128 neuron 316 –, drug toxicity 130 –, dendrites 316 –, haem biosynthesis 142 –, neurite 316 –, myopathies 130 –, soma 316 –, paracrystalline inclusions 130 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 338 –, programmed cell death 128 neuropathies associated with dysproteinaemias 334 –, structural abnormalities 130 neurotubules 322, 324 –, tubulus type 128 neutrophilic granulocyte 342 mitosis 20 4, 6, 8, 16, 18, 20, 26, 30 monocyte 348 –, perinuclear cisterna 30 Subject Index 363

nuclear lamina 4, 6, 16, 20, 150 osteoblast 296 –, lamina-associated proteins 6 osteoclast 298 –, lamin mutations 6 –, ruffled border 298 nuclear pore complexes 16, 18 osteocyte 296 –, atomic force microscopy 18 –, cryo-electron microscopy 16 P –, freeze-fracture replica 16 –, three-dimensional structure 16 pancreas 2, 24, 48, 86, 108, 192, 194, 196, 206, 258 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, 22, 28 –, acinar cells 2, 24, 86, 192, 194, 196 –, architecture 12 –, acinar centre 194, 196 –, changes of the 12 –, acinus 194 –, compact nucleoli 12 –, centroacinar cells 194 –, dense fibrillar component 10, 14 –, endocrine 206 –, fibrillar centre 10, 12 –, exocrine 192, 196, 206 –, granular component 10, 12 –, intercalated duct 194, 196, 198 –, morphological appearance 10 parietal cell 202 –, nucleolonema 12 –, autoimmune gastritis 202 –, pre-rRNA processing 14 –, canaliculi 202 –, pre-rRNA transcription 14 –, gastric H+K+ ATPase 202 –, ring-shaped nucleoli 12 –, secretion of acid 202 –, sites of RNA synthesis 14 pericyte 254, 260 nucleoporins 16 perineurium 324 nucleus 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 peripheral nerve 324 –, architecture 4, 12, 20 –, connective tissue components 324 –, Cajal body 4 peripheral nervous system 322, 326, 328, 330, 336 –, chromatin fibers 8 –, myelinated nerve fibre 322, 324, 326, 328 –, chromosome territories 4, 8 –, unmyelinated nerve fibre 322, 324 –, detection of ribonucleoproteins 6 peroxisomal diseases 138 –, detection of sites of DNA replication 8 –, peroxisomal enzyme deficiencies 138 –, detection of sites of RNA synthesis 14 –, peroxisome biogenesis disorders 138 –, interchromatin granule clusters 4, 14 –, Zellweger syndrome 138 –, interphase chromosome domains 8 peroxisomes 132, 134, 136, 138 –, nuclear lamina 4, 6, 16, 20 –, adaptive changes 136 –, nuclear pore complexes 16, 18 –, biogenesis 134 –, nuclear pores 4 –, biogenesis disorders 138 –, nucleolus 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, 22 –, crystalloid core 132 –, perichromatin fibrils 6, 14 –, function 132 –, perichromatin granules 6 –, hypocholesterolemic drug treatment 136 –, perichromatin regions 8 –, immunoelectron microscopy 132 –, pre-mRNA particles 6 –, matrix 132 –, viral inclusions 22 –, pexophagy 126 –, peroxisomal membrane protein 132 –, proliferation 132, 134, 136 O –, Zellweger syndrome 138 pexophagy 126 O-glycans 62, 174, 200 phagocytosis 104 Odland bodies 242 pigment epithelium 232, 234 olfactory epithelium 236 plakoglobin 166, 172 oligodendrocytes 326, 328 plakophilins 172 oligosaccharyltransferase 34 plasma cell 280 364 Subject Index

plasma membrane 154, 156, 158, 160 –, glycosyltransferase 56, 58, 60 –, brush cell 158 –, Golgi apparatus 54, 56, 58, 60 –, freeze-fracture electron microscopy 154 –, Golgi mannosidase I 54 –, filopodia 156 –, Golgi mannosidase II 54 –, glycocalyx 160, 162, 164 –, high mannose type oligosaccharides 56 –, intramembraneous particles 154 –, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 54 –, lamellipodia 156 –, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I 54 –, lipid bilayer 154 –, oligosaccharide trimming 54 –, membrane-spanning proteins 154 –, protein quality control 36 –, microdomains 154 –, reglucosylation 36 –, microvilli 158, 160 –, rough endoplasmic reticulum 36 –, peripheral membrane proteins 154 –, sialyltransferases 56, 60 podocalyxin 262, 264 protein O-glycosation 62 podocin 262, 264 –, Golgi apparatus 62 podocytes 182, 262, 264, 266, 268, 270 –, polypeptide-GalNAc transferase 62 –, filtration slits 262 protein quality control 36, 48, 60 –, foot processes 262 –, pre-Golgi intermediates 48 –, slit diaphragms 182, 262 –, rough endoplasmic reticulum 36 podoplanin 262, 264 protein secretion 52 polyoma viruses 22 –, amylase 52 polysomes 28 –, condensing vacuoles 52 potocytosis 102 –, Golgi apparatus 52 pre-Golgi intermediates 2, 24, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 62, 70, –, immunoelectron microscopy 52 78, 80, 94 –, pre-Golgi intermediates 52 –, brefeldin A 78, 80 –, rough endoplasmic reticulum 52 –, COPII 46 –, zymogen granules 52 –, ERGIC-53 46 pulmonary surfactant 248 –, glucosidase II 36, 48, 54 –, antimicrobial effects 248 –, glucosyltransferase 36, 48 –, hypophase 248 –, oligosaccharide trimming 48, 54 –, multilamellar bodies 248 –, p58 46, 54 –, surfactant phospholipids 248 –, protein quality control 48 –, surfactant proteins 248 –, vesiculo-tubular clusters 46 puromycin 12, 38 pre-mRNA 6, 14 pre-rRNA 10, 14, 28 procollagen 276, 278 R proerythroblast 12, 20 programmed cell death 20, 22, 128 receptor-mediated endocytosis 92, 98 –, mitochondria 128 red blood cells 340 proinsulin 206, 208 renal proximal tubule 228, 230 proteasomes 40, 124, 152 –, apical endocytic apparatus 230 protein A-gold technique 24 –, basal labyrinth 178 protein folding diseases 38 –, brush border 230 protein N-glycosylation 34, 36, 54, 56, 58, 60 –, cubilin 228 –, antiporters 56 –, Heymann nephritis antigen 228 –, cell type-related variations 58 –, lysosomes 228 –, cell type-related differences 58, 60 –, megalin 228 –, complex type oligosaccharides 56 –, Na/Pi cotransporters 230 –, fucosyltransferase 60 –, nephrotoxicity 228 –, galactosyltransferase 60 –, parathyroid hormone 230 Subject Index 365

–, phosphate ion reabsorption 230 –, 26 –, renal phosphate wasting 230 –, rough endoplasmic reticulum 24, 26, 28, 30 –, water-electrolyte homeostasis 230 –, secretory granules 24, 86, 88 reticulocyte 340 –, TGN 64 retina 232, 234 –, trans Golgi network (TGN) 64 –, cone cells 232 secretory granule types 88 –, disc membranes 232 –, endocrine glands 88 –, interphotoreceptor matrix 232 –, human pituitary 88 –, light exposure 234 –, mucous cell granules 88 –, light-induced apoptosis 234 –, salivary glands 88 –, phagocytosis of rod discs 234 –, serous cell granules 88 –, photoreceptor cells 232 secretory granules 86, 88, 90 –, pigment epithelium 232 –, exocytosis –, rhodopsin 232 –, compound exocytosis –, rod cells 232 secretory lysosomes 108 precursors 10, 12 selectin 174 ribosomes 28 serine/threonine-linked oligosaccharides 62 RNA 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, 16 –, polypeptide-GalNAc 62 rough endoplasmic reticulum 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 –, polypeptide-GalNAc transferase 62 –, apoptosis 38 serous demilune 198 –, calnexin 36 skeletal muscle 300, 302, 304, 306, 308 –, Concanavalin A 34 –, glycogenosis type II 308 –, ER α-mannosidase 36 –, muscular dystrophies 306 –, glucosidase II 36 –, myofibrils 300 –, glucosyltransferase 36 –, neuromuscular junction 304 –, intracisternal granules 38 –, sarcomere 300 –, oligosaccharyltransferase 34 –, sarcoplasmic reticulum 302 –, oligosaccharide trimming 36 –, satellite cell 302 –, protein quality control 36 –, triad 302 –, protein translocation 34 skin 100, 110, 114, 118, 132, 186, 188, 210, 240 –, protein N-glycosylation 34 small intestine 224, 226 –, reglucosylation 36 –, absorptive cells 224 –, Sec61p 34 –, pathway of lipids 226 –, storage site of aggregates of misfolded glycoproteins smooth endoplasmic reticulum 42, 44 38 –, disorders of bilirubin metabolism 44 Russell bodies 38, 40 –, proliferation 44 smooth muscle 256, 260, 274, 312, 314 S –, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy – CADASIL 314 sarcomere 300 –, synapse á distance 312 sarcoplasmic reticulum 300 smooth muscle cells 312 satellite cell 302 –, actin filaments 312 Schmidt-Lanterman clefts 326 –, caveolae 312 Schwann cell 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 336 –, dense bodies 312 Sec61 complex 34 –, intestinal wall 312 secretory pathway 2, 24, 26, 50, 52, 66, 68, 84, 86, 88 spot desmosomes 166, 172, 194, 224, 242 –, amylase 24 –, cadherins 166 –, Golgi apparatus 24, 26, 50, 52, 66, 68 –, cytokeratin 172 –, pre-Golgi intermediates 46, 48 –, immunogold labelling 172 –, protein A-gold technique 24 –, plaque proteins 166, 172 366 Subject Index

stomach 202 –, recycling membrane proteins 66 –, parietal cells 202 –, secretion 66 stress fibres 148 –, toxins 66 submandibular gland 198 trans Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum 70, 72, 96 –, intercalated ducts 198 –, tilt series 70 –, mucous cells 198 transitional elements of the rough endoplasmic –, serous cells 198 reticulum 46, 52 –, striated duct 198 –, cargo selection 46 synapse á distance 312 translocon 34 synapses 318, 320, 322, 326 triad 302 –, pre- and postsynaptic membranes 318 –, T-tubule 302 –, synaptic cleft 318 –, terminal cisterns of the L-system 302 –, transmitter 318 tropocollagen 278 synaptic terminal 320 tropomodulin 300 tunneling nanotubes 170 T U T-tubules 302, 304, 310 terminal web 148, 166, 224 umbrella cell 250, 252 thrombocytes 352, 354 –, asymmetric unit membrane 250 –, alpha granules 352 –, freeze fracture replica 252 –, dense core granules 352 –, fusiform vesicles 252 –, dense tubular system 352 unfolded protein response 38 –, granulomer 354 unmyelinated nerve fibre 322, 324 –, microtubule band 354 uroplakins 250, 252 –, open canalicular system 352, 354 urothelium 250, 252 tight junctions 166, 168, 222, 224 –, fusiform vesicles 252 –, blood-brain barrier 168 –, surface specialisations 250 –, claudin 168 –, umbrella cell 250, 252 –, freeze-fracture replica 168 –, occludin 168 V –, tight junction strands 168 –, zonula proteins 168 very low density lipoprotein particles 42, 224 titin 300, 310 –, hepatocytes 42 tonofilaments 150, 172, 242 –, small intestine 224 tracheo-bronchial epithelium 244, 246 viral inclusions 22 –, basal cells 244 virus internalisation 102 –, ciliary pathology 246 von Willebrand factor 254 –, columnar ciliated cells 244 –, dynein deficiency 246 W –, goblet cells 244 –, immotile cilia syndrome 246 Weibel-Palade bodies 254, 260 –, Kartagener syndrome 246 trans Golgi network (TGN) 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, Z 80, 86, 94, 96, 108 –, 3D-models 72 zonula adhaerens 166 –, endocytosis 66, 72, 86, 92, 94, 96 zonula occludens 166, 224 –, GERL 64 zymogen granules 2, 24, 50, 52, 86, 88, 192, 194