MIND MAP
Female reproduc ve system ovaries & utrine tube uterus cervix posi on of uterus [email protected] v Rectouterine (Douglas) pouch: Reflec on of peritoneum from rectum to upper part of posterior surface of vagina v Uterovesical (vesicouterine) pouch: Reflec on of peritoneum from uterus to upper surface of urinary bladder v Broad ligament of uterus: Extension of peritoneum from lateral wall of uterus to lateral wall of pelvis, encloses the uterine tubes Ø It is an almond-shaped organ. Ø It is a ached to the back of the broad ligament by a peritoneal fold (mesovarium) Ø Its medial end is a ached to uterus by ligament of ovary. Ø Its lateral end is related to the fimbriae of the uterine tube.
² It is 10 cm long. ² It is enclosed in the broad ligament of uterus.
It is divided into: Intramural part opening into the uterine wall Isthmus narrowest part Ampulla widest part (site of fer liza on) Infundibulum funnel-shaped end, has finger-like processes (fimbriae), related to ovary A hollow, pear-shaped muscular organ ,Divided into: Fundus - no cavity - The part of uterus above the level of uterine tubes. Body - cavity is triangular - The part of uterus from the level of uterine tube to the level of the isthmus of uterus. * Cervix - cavity is fusiform ** divided into: - The part of uterus below the level of the *Supravaginal isthmus of the uterus. **Vaginal
RELATIONS OF UTERUS FUNDUS + BODY + Anterior: superior surface of SUPRAVAGINAL PART urinary bladder OF CERVIX Posterior: sigmoid colon Lateral: uterine artery VAGINAL PART OF Anterior: anterior fornix of CERVIX vagina (surrounded by vaginal Posterior: posterior fornix of fornices) vagina Lateral: lateral fornices of vagina • INTERNAL OS: opening between cavity of body of uterus & cavity of cervix (cervical canal)
• EXTERNAL OS: opening between cervical canal & cavity of vagina • In a nulliparous woman: external os appears circular. • In a mul parous woman: external os appears as a transverse slit with an anterior & a posterior lip.
Nulliparous: Never having given birth to a child. Mul parous: having borne more than one child. Nulliparous Mul parous u OVARIES: PRIMARY SEX ORGANS IN FEMALE 1) Produc on of female germ cells 2) Secre on of female sex hormones u UTERINE TUBES: 1) Site of fer liza on 2) Transport of fer lized ovum into the uterus
u Func on of The Uterus it is responsible for the development of the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Long axis of whole uterus is bent ANTEVERTED UTERUS forward on long axis of vagina
Long axis of body of uterus is bent ANTEFLEXED UTERUS forward on long axis of cervix
RETROVERTED UTERUS Fundus & body of uterus are bent backward on the vagina and lie in recto - uterine pouch.
Long axis of body of uterus is bent RETROFLEXED UTERUS backward on long axis of cervix
ANTEVERTED ANTEFLEXED UTERUS USUAL POSITION OF UTERUS 1)Ligaments at junc on between fundus & body of uterus 2)Ligaments of cervix : (At the level of uterine tube) (1) Round ligament of uterus: Extend from cervix to: Extends through inguinal canal • anterior (pubocervical) . to labium majus (external genitalia). • lateral (transverse cervical or (lies anterior to the uterine tube) cardinal) . (2) Ligament of ovary: • posterior (uterosacral or B/t ovary & uterus (lies posterior to the uterine tube) sacrocervical) . • pelvic walls
Labium majus (single) ,Labia majora (plural) ü FORM THE PELVIC FLOOR: separate pelvis from SUPPORT OF UTERUS: perineum. ü Round ligament of uterus (maintains ü FORM PELVIC DIAPHRAGM: traversed by anteverted anteflexed posi on). urethra, vagina & rectum. ü Ligaments of cervix (especially ü SUPPORT PELVIC ORGANS. transverse cervical). ü Levator ani muscles. Urethra Vagina UTERINE PROLAPSE :
Downward dispalcement of uterus due to damage of: ü Ligaments of uterus. ü Levator ani muscles. Rectum VAGINA STRUCTURE Fibro-muscular tube EXTENT From external os, along pelvis & perineum, to open in the vulva (female external genitalia), behind urethral opening. LENGTH Its anterior wall (7.5 cm) is shorter than its posterior wall (9 cm). FUNCTION 1) Copulatory organ & 2) Birth canal. RELATIONS OF ü ANTERIOR: Urinary bladder (in pelvis) & urethra (in perineum). ü POSTERIOR: Rectum (in pelvis) & anal canal (in perineum). VAGINA ü LATERAL: ureters (in pelvis). ORGAN ARTERIES VEINS LYMPHATICS NERVES (AUTONOMIC) ovaries ovarian (abdominal ovarian (to inferior to paraaor c lymph ovarian plexus (in aorta) vena cava & le renal nodes (in abdomen) abdomen) vein) uterine tubes §ovarian §ovarian §paraaor c §ovarian §uterine §uterine §internal iliac §inferior hypogastric uterus uterine (internal iliac uterine plexus (to to internal iliac lymph inferior hypogastric artery in pelvis) internal iliac vein) nodes (in pelvis) plexus (in pelvis)
vagina vaginal (internal iliac vaginal plexus (to to internal iliac lymph inferior hypogastric artery in pelvis) internal iliac vein nodes (in pelvis) plexus (in pelvis)
The Rela on of uterine artery & ureter
Done by : AlAnood AlMehaidib Shahad AlMuhaideb Revised by: Rahma AlShehri Anjod AlMuhareb
@anatomy433