Apheresis units UMDNS GMDN 16405, 23134, Apheresis units 16405 Apheresis unit 23135, 23136, 23137, 23139 Other common names: cell processors, blood component separators, plasma blood donor apheresis units, blood donor apheresis units, therapeutic apheresis units

Health problem addressed Apheresis systems collect and separate blood components for donation; they can also remove or exchange substances in therapeutic procedures. Therapeutic apheresis is used on patients with , preeclampsia and eclampsia in pregnancy, cause by elevated white blood count in leukemia, systemic , vasculitis, or , severe , or to reduce risk of antibody-mediated rejection of organ transplants. Product description Apheresis units incorporate polyvinyl tubing that draws blood from the patient and moves it through centrifuges and/or filters to separate blood products. The blood is then returned to the patient via tubing or is collected in bags, often suspended from perforation, have been reported. a pole, for donation or disposal. A display and control panel is associated with kinked tubing or poorly allow the operator to program the unit and view progress and/ connected sets. Decreased ionized calcium in or alerts. Safety features include pressure sensors, ultrasonic the plasma could lead to cardiac arrhythmia. air-bubble detectors, optical fluid-level detectors, and dry-heat Blood or blood component transfusions pose fluid warmers. The warmers help prevent hypothermia caused a risk of such as hepatitis and AIDS. by infusing low-temperature fluids. The unit may have wheels or it may be placed on a cart. Hospital medical equipment - general information Use and maintenance Principles of operation User(s): Nurse or technician Maintenance: Biomedical engineering staff The operator programs the unit to run the desired separation and/or service contract with the manufacturer protocol; the unit automatically controls the centrifuge, pump, or third-party organization and other settings. Rotary peristaltic pumps draw blood from the Training: Manufacturer-provided training, 2012 patient or donor and pump blood through filters or centrifuges. Filters separate blood components based on size; centrifuges manual separate by density. Optical sensors detect plasma-cell Environment of use interfaces to minimize contamination from other components. Settings of use: Hospital; clinic; outpatient Centrifuges have inlet and outlet ports and compartments to clinic keep components separated. Pumps move the blood products Requirements: Line power, biohazard disposal into collection bags, add , and reinfuse fluids. Replacement fluids (e.g., , serum albumin, plasma protein Product specifications fraction, ) are infused into the patient to Approx. dimensions (mm): 920 x 550 x 700 maintain appropriate intravascular volume and pressure. Approx. weight (kg): 95 Operating steps Consumables: Sets, tubing, anticoagulant & replacement fluids • Apheresis machines are wheeled to the bedside or donor 20,000-157,000; (50,000 chair. Price range (USD): typical); price covers all types and variations • Operator connects the sterile tubing sets, also called pheresis sets, to the patient or donor. Typical product life time: 8 years • As the patient’s blood is pumped into the machine, an Shelf life (consumables): 1-2 months for anticoagulant is automatically added and the blood enters anticoagulant; 2-5 days for the chamber. • Blood components are separated using centrifugation and/ Types and variations • Units designed only for donor collection, or filtration; the method of separation depends on the therapeutic exchange, therapeutic removal, product that is to be removed or collected from the blood. or a combination of these Reported problems • Continuous units that enable simultaneous Air embolism is a risk despite the presence of air-bubble detectors blood removal and return (requires two in most apheresis units. Complications related to double-lumen access sites; contraindicated in some patients) venous catheter placement, such as vascular erosion and

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