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Hcs-Final-Draft.Pdf Elk Grove Historic Context Statement and Survey Report City of Elk Grove Final Elk Grove, California TABLE OF CONTENTS FORWARD .................................................................................................... 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................... 5 I. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 7 A. PROJECT BACKGROUND & PURPOSE .......................................................... 7 B. DEFINITION OF SURVEY AREA .................................................................... 9 C. SURVEY METHODOLOGY ......................................................................... 10 D. HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENT ORGANIZATION AND RESEARCH ........... 13 E. HOW TO USE THIS DOCUMENT ................................................................ 15 II. HISTORIC PRESERVATION IN ELK GROVE .................................................... 16 A. 1988 ELK GROVE HISTORIC DISTRICT ...................................................... 16 B. ELK GROVE GENERAL PLAN: PRESERVATION ELEMENT .............................. 19 C. OLD TOWN SPECIAL PLANNING AREA ...................................................... 19 D. CERTIFIED LOCAL GOVERNMENT STATUS ................................................ 20 E. 2003 ELK GROVE BOULEVARD IMPROVEMENT PROJECT & OTHER STUDIES 21 III. GUIDELINES FOR EVALUATION ................................................................. 22 A. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT THEMES AND ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES . 22 SUMMARY OF ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES .................................................................... 22 B. RELATING THEMES WITH PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT ............................... 23 C. EVALUATION CRITERIA .......................................................................... 25 NATIONAL & CALIFORNIA REGISTERS OF HISTORIC PLACES ............................................... 25 LOCAL REGISTER ............................................................................................................... 26 INTEGRITY ........................................................................................................................ 28 IV. HISTORIC CONTEXT ............................................................................ 32 A. NATIVE AMERICAN, SPANISH AND MEXICAN PERIODS (TO 1845) ............. 32 NATIVE AMERICAN PERIOD ................................................................................................ 32 SPANISH PERIOD ............................................................................................................... 34 MEXICAN PERIOD .............................................................................................................. 34 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES & REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS ...................................... 38 B. EARLY AMERICAN PERIOD (1846 -1867) ................................................. 41 THE MEXICAN AMERICAN WAR .......................................................................................... 41 THE GOLD RUSH ............................................................................................................... 42 EARLY RANCHES ............................................................................................................... 44 4 October 2012 Page & Turnbull, Inc. 1 Elk Grove Historic Context Statement and Survey Report City of Elk Grove Final Elk Grove, California OLD ELK GROVE ................................................................................................................ 50 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT THEMES .................................................................................. 54 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES & REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS ...................................... 54 C. A NEW SITE FOR ELK GROVE (1868 -1892) ............................................. 64 THE ARRIVAL OF THE CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROAD ........................................................... 64 ELK GROVE STATION ......................................................................................................... 66 DIVERSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURE .................................................................................. 71 SOCIAL & COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT .............................................................................. 73 THE 1892 FIRE .................................................................................................................. 78 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT THEMES .................................................................................. 79 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES & REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS ...................................... 79 D. ELK GROVE COMES OF AGE (1893 -1926) .............................................. 96 REBUILDING AFTER THE FIRE ............................................................................................. 97 NEW MUNICIPAL IMPROVEMENTS ...................................................................................... 99 RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................... 105 EXPANSION OF THE COMMERCIAL DISTRICT ................................................................... 107 ELK GROVE’S WINE INDUSTRY ......................................................................................... 110 THE IMPACT OF THE AUTOMOBILE .................................................................................. 114 PUBLIC ASSEMBLY SPACES ............................................................................................... 116 NEW RAILROAD LINES (FRANKLIN AND SHELDON) ........................................................... 121 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT THEMES ................................................................................ 123 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES & REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS .................................... 123 E. A QUIET INTERLUDE (1927 -1945) ....................................................... 140 MUNICIPAL AND EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS ............................................................. 140 AUTOMOBILE-RELATED GROWTH .................................................................................... 142 CONSOLIDATION IN THE WINE INDUSTRY ........................................................................ 146 WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION (WPA) EFFORTS ...................................................... 149 WORLD WAR II & JAPANESE INTERNMENT ........................................................................ 151 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES & REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS .................................... 154 F. THE BEGINNINGS OF SUBURBANIZATION (1946 -1967) ......................... 163 GROWTH OF THE SUBURBS .............................................................................................. 164 THE DECLINE OF ELK GROVE’S WINE INDUSTRY ............................................................... 174 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES & REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS .................................... 178 G. OTHER AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITIES .................................................. 191 SHELDON ........................................................................................................................ 191 FRANKLIN ....................................................................................................................... 195 V. FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................... 198 A. FINDINGS ............................................................................................. 198 B. RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................... 203 4 October 2012 Page & Turnbull, Inc. 2 Elk Grove Historic Context Statement and Survey Report City of Elk Grove Final Elk Grove, California CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT (CEQA) ...................................................... 208 V. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................ 211 V1. BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................... 212 APPENDIX ................................................................................................. 218 CALIFORNIA HISTORIC RESOURCE STATUS (CHRS) CODES .......................... 219 ELK GROVE HISTORIC RESOURCE INVENTORY ............................................ 220 ELK GROVE SURVEY RESULTS MAP ............................................................. 221 DPR 523A FORMS ..................................................................................... 222 4 October 2012 Page & Turnbull, Inc. 3 Elk Grove Historic Context Statement and Survey Report City of Elk Grove Final Elk Grove, California Forward This historic context statement and survey has been financed in part with Federal funds from the National Park Service, Department of the Interior, through the California Office of Historic Preservation. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior or the California Office of Historic Preservation, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior or the California office of Historic Preservation. Regulations of the U.S. Department of the Interior strictly prohibit unlawful discrimination in departmental federally-assisted programs on the basis of race, color, sex, age, disability,
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