Aditya Srivastav Roll No. RS1009B17 Reg. No. 1100946

CONTENT * * Company Overview * Structure * History * Region of failure of GM * Philanthropy * Politics * Environmental issues Type Limited liability company Industry Automotive Founded 1908 General Motors Founder(s) William C. Durant The General Motors Company, also Headquarters Downtown Detroit, Michigan, USA known as GM, is a United States- based automaker with its Area served Worldwide headquarters in Detroit, Michigan. Edward Whitacre The company manufactures and (Chairman) trucks in 34 countries, recently Key people employed 244,500 people around the Daniel Akerson world, and sells and services vehicles (CEO) in some 140 countries.By sales, GM Products Automobiles ranked as the largest U.S. automaker and the world's second-largest for -United States Department of the Treasury 2008. having the third-highest 2008 (61%) global revenues among automakers -United Auto Workers Union Voluntary on the Fortune Global 500 Employee Beneficiary Association (17.5%) On June 1, 2009, the company filed Owner(s) - Development Investment for a Chapter 11 reorganization, Corporation (7.9%) which was completed on July 10 of the same year, and it was thereafter -Government of (3.8%) reorganized once a new entity -Bond holders of Motors Liquidation acquired the most valuable assets. Company (9.8%) GM is now temporarily majority owned by the United States Treasury Employees 204,000 (2009) and, to a smaller extent, the Canada Development Investment Corporation and the government of Ontario, with Divisions the U.S. government investing a total of US$57.6 billion under the GMC Troubled Asset Relief Program. Vauxhall The company plans to focus its AC Delco business on its four core North American brands: Chevrolet, Buick, GMC, and Cadillac. In Europe, following a period of negotiation to sell a majority General Motors Ventures stake of the German brand , the company decided to retain Global Hybrid Cooperation full ownership of these Subsidiaries General Motors South Africa operations. GM sold to Spyker Cars NV, GM-AvtoVAZ and closed its doors to: GM Daewoo (70.1%) , , and Saturn GM Ltd GM Performance Division OnStar Opel Website GM.com brands; the latter two remaining under the old GM, now known as Motors Liquidation Company.

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Company overview

The General Motors GMT800 truck assembly line. (2006)

In 2009, GM employed approximately 244,500 people around the world. The Renaissance Center, located in Detroit, Michigan, United States, is GM's global headquarters. In 2008, GM sold 8.35 million cars and trucks globally. GM is the majority shareholder in GM Daewoo Auto & Technology Co. of South Korea and has collaborations with Shanghai Corporation of China, AvtoVAZ of Russia, and most recently, UzAvtoSanoat of Uzbekistan. GM has had collaborations with various automakers including Fiat (see GM/Fiat Premium platform) and the Ford Motor Company. GM retains various stakes in different automakers. GM's best success internationally has been its performance in China, where GM's sales rose 66.9 percent in 2009, selling 1,830,000 vehicles and accounting for 13.4 percent of the market.

GM worldwide vehicle sales by Top-four markets/regions by vehicle country 2008 sales in 2008 (thousands) (thousands) Rank Market Vehicle Rank Market in Market/Region share Vehicle sales in Country share GM (%) sales GM (%) 1 North America 3,552 21.9% United 1 2,981 22.1% 2 China 1,095 12.0% States 3 European Union 905 12.3% 2 China 1,095 12.0% 4 815 20.8% 3 549 19.5% United 4 384 15.4% Kingdom 5 Canada 359 21.4% 6 Russia 338 11.1% 7 Germany 300 8.8% 8 212 19.8% 9 Australia 133 13.1% South 10 117 9.7% Korea 11 France 114 4.4% 12 Spain 107 7.8% 13 Argentina 95 15.5% 14 Venezuela 91 33.3% 15 Colombia 80 36.3% 16 India 66 3.3%

Structure GM is structured into the following segments:

Number of employees Segment March 2010 GMNA (GM North America) 103,000 GMIO (GM International Operations) 57,000 Adam Opel GmbH (Europe) 47,000 Total number of employees 207,000

Management

The Renaissance Center in Detroit, GM's world headquarters.

On July 23, 2009, GM announced its new Board of Directors: Dan Akerson, David Bonderman, Robert D. Krebs, Patricia F. Russo and Ed Whitacre (GM Chairman and Interim Chief Executive Officer). Board members who are not GM employees will be paid US$200,000 annually.

As of December 1, 2009, The General Motors Board of Directors accepted 's resignation. In January 2010, chairman Whitacre was appointed permanent chief executive officer after previously serving in an interim capacity.

On December 4, 2009, GM announced leadership changes in a press release.

• Edward Whitacre, Jr. - Chairman of the Board of the Directors and Chief Executive Officer • Robert A. Lutz - Vice Chairman, advisor on design and global product development • Chris Liddell - Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer • Thomas G. Stephens - Vice Chairman, Global Product Operations • Mark Reuss - President, GM North America • David N. Reilly - President, GM Europe/Adam Opel GmbH • Timothy E. Lee - President, GM International Operations (Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Africa, and Middle East) • Ray Young - vice president, International Operations • Edward T. Welburn - Global Vice President of General Motors Design, current and only the sixth head designer.

For additional senior management see GM Senior Leadership Group

Whitacre was very active in GM's advertising. He appeared in an advertisement touting the company's 60-day, money-back guarantee soon after the company exited bankruptcy and a television advertisement that boasted the repayment of $6.7 billion loan from government ahead of schedule, which caused a controversy. On August 12, 2010 GM announced that Whitacre would relinquish the CEO position effective September 1, 2010 and that of Chairman of the Board at the end of the year, to be replaced in those functions by current board member Dan Akerson.

GM is a conglomerate. History

The company was founded on September 16, 1908, in Flint, Michigan, as a holding company for Buick, then controlled by William C. Durant. GM's co-founder was Charles Stewart Mott, whose carriage company was merged into Buick prior to GM's creation. Over the years Mott became the largest single stockholder in GM and spent his life with his Mott Foundation, whose benefit was shone on the city of Flint, his adopted home. It acquired later that year. In 1909, Durant brought in Cadillac, Elmore, Oakland and several others. Also in 1909, GM acquired the Reliance Motor Truck Company of Owosso, Michigan, and the Rapid Motor Vehicle Company of Pontiac, Michigan, the predecessors of GMC Truck. Durant lost control of GM in 1910 to a bankers' trust, because of the large amount of debt taken on in its acquisitions coupled with a collapse in new vehicle sales. The next year, Durant started the Chevrolet Motor Company and through this he secretly purchased a controlling interest in GM. Durant took back control of the company after one of the most dramatic proxy wars in American business history. Durant then reorganized General Motors Company into General Motors Corporation. Shortly after, he again lost control, this time for good, after the new vehicle market collapsed. Alfred P. Sloan was picked to take charge of the corporation and led it to its post-war global dominance. This unprecedented growth of GM would last into the early 1980s when it employed 349,000 workers and operated 150 assembly plants.

GM previously led in global sales for 77 consecutive years (1931 to 2008), longer than any other automaker.On August 18, 2010 General Motors filed its long-awaited IPO prospectus with the SEC, officially setting the wheels in motion for an IPO later this year.

Region of failure of GM

On July 10, 2009, a new entity, NGMCO Inc. purchased the ongoing operations and trademarks from General Motors Corporation. The purchasing company, in turn, changed its name from NGMCO Inc. to General Motors Company, marking the emergence of a new operation from the "pre-packaged" Chapter 11 reorganization.Under the reorganization process, termed a 363 sale (for Section 363 which is located in Title 11, Chapter 3, Subchapter IV of the United States Code, a part of the Bankruptcy Code), the purchaser of the assets of a company in bankruptcy proceedings is able to obtain approval for the purchase from the court prior to the submission of a re-organization plan, free of liens and other claims. It is used in most Chapter 11 cases that involve a sale of property or other assets. This process is typical of large organizations with complex branding and intellectual property rights issues upon exiting bankruptcy. The new company plans to issue an initial public offering (IPO) of stock in 2010.

GM's remaining pre-petition creditors' claims are paid from the remaining assets of Motors Liquidation Company, the new name of the former General Motors Corporation, although the directors of that company believe its debts far outweigh its assets. This means that while the former GM's bondholders may recover a small portion of their investment, former GM shareholders (now shareholders of Motors Liquidation Company) will likely not receive anything. Also on July 10, 2009, GM announced plans to trim its U.S. workforce by 20,000 employees as part of its reorganization by the end of 2009 due to economic conditions.

The following table is a comparison (estimates) of the new GM and the old GM:

Old GM (before July 10, 2009) New GM (after July 10, 2009) Vauxhall, Pontiac, Chevrolet, Cadillac, GMDaewoo (48.2%), Vauxhall, GMDaewoo (70.1%), Chevrolet, Brands Hummer, GMC, Saturn, Holden, Cadillac, GMC, Holden, Buick, Opel Saab, Buick, Opel U.S. 5,900 5,000 Dealerships U.S. Treasury, Canada Development Common shareholders, Investment Corporation, Government of Ownership bondholders and secured creditors Ontario, Old GM bondholders, and the United Auto Workers sponsored VEBA 47 U.S. Plants 34 US$94.7 billion Debt US$17 billion U.S. 91,000 68,500 employees Philanthropy

Since 1996, General Motors has been the exclusive source of funding for Safe Kids USA's "Safe Kids Buckle Up" program, a national initiative to ensure child automobile safety through education and inspection. Through 2002, the Pace Awards program led by GM, EDS, and SUN Microsystems, gave over $1.2 billion of in-kind contributions which includes computers to over 18 universities to support engineering education. In 2009, the GM led group has helped the Pace Awards program worldwide.General Motors is a leading contributor to charity. In 2004, GM gave $51,200,000 in cash contributions and $17,200,000 in-kind donations to charitable causes. Politics

In the 2008 election cycle, General Motors contributed $802,414, with 52 percent of that amount going to the Democrats and 48 percent to the Republicans. GM's Saturn division put up a display at the 2009 Detroit Auto Show congratulating Barack Obama on his election as the first African-American president of the United States. Environmental issues

In the middle of 1999, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) removed 23,000 cubic yards (18,000 m3) of contaminated sediments and soil from the General Motors site in Massena, New York for disposal at a licensed facility in Utah. The amount contained 13,000 cubic yards (9,900 m3) of contaminated sediments dredged from the St. Lawrence River. The sediments had been stored on the site since 1995. There was also 10,000 cubic yards (7,600 m3) of contaminated sludge from the active wastewater treatment plant on the General Motors property. The Political Economy Research Institute ranks GM 18th among corporations emitting airborne pollutants in the United States. The ranking is based on the emission quantity (8 million pounds in 2005) and toxicity.

In September 2006, the state of California filed suit against General Motors, Chrysler, , , , and Ford. The companies were accused of producing cars that emitted over 289 million metric tons of carbon per year in the United States, accounting for nearly 20 percent of carbon emissions in the United States and 30 percent of carbon emissions in California. This lawsuit was dismissed by a judge in September 2007.