4-5/2018

Norwegian Defence and Security Industries Association GiraffeFlexible protection for mobile forces1X

Saab Technologies Norway AS saab.no CONTENTS CONTENTS: COAST GUARD VESSELS Editor-in-Chief: 2 Three new coast guard vessels M.Sc. Bjørn Domaas Josefsen NSM 4 US Army tests naval strike missile

JSM TRIDENT JUNCTURE: 6 Successful test of the JSM

IMPORTANT SIGNALS TRIDENT JUNCTURE 7 Trident Juncture 18 The giant NATO exercise “Trident Juncture” currently taking place in Norway and in the adjoining coastal areas, sends a FSi 9 Norwegian Defence and Security number of important signals. industries association (FSi) First and foremost, the exercise is a strong confirmation that the NATO nations are willing to commit significant resources to NUCLEUS exercising together. All in all, 30 nations will be taking part in 16 Nucleus completes successful first launch the exercise, including the non-member countries Sweden and Finland. This means that practically all of the 29 NATO member­ BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, countries are taking part in the exercise, sending a forceful INDSTRY AND TRADE signal that the NATO alliance is standing fast and strong. This 17 Gripen E in the air with Swiss pylons signal is further amplified by the location of the exercise, way 21 Upgraded TOW anti-tank missile remote in the North, far from the core interest areas of most 23 US DoD and Lockheed cut F-35 price of the member nations. And yet, the countries are choosing to 26 Australian Order for Carl-Gustaf M4 spend their resources on participation in exercises under the T-X AIRCRAFT NATO banner. For many of the NATO member nations, these 27 U.S. Air Force selects Saab and Boeing T-X trainer resources must also come from already very tight defence budgets.­ EMBT From various quarters, the question has been raised as to 30 European main battle tank whether the USA is supporting the NATO co-operation in the HMG same manner as before. The sometimes less than diplomatic­ 31 Heavy machine gun for the Norwegian ­language from President Trump over recent years has given Armed Forces cause for some considerable concern in this matter among the European NATO countries. However, the Trident ­Juncture MAUD ­exercise clearly indicates that the USA remains firmly 32 MAUD may not reach home for Christmas ­committed to the NATO alliance. The Americans are sending a huge contingent to take part in the exercise together with their European allies, and nothing says this more strongly than the US Navy sending its massive aircraft carrier, USS Harry S ­Truman into the fray. This is one of the biggest aircraft carriers Coverphoto: Sunset for coast in the US Navy, and vessels of this calibre have not taken part guard vessels. in NATO exercises in Norway since the Cold War. The almost 40 years old ­Norwegian Coast guard For Norway, the exercise is ample confirmation that the vessels of the Nordkapp­ NATO countries, and not least the USA herself, are recognising class are being replaced. The contract for the new the importance of the Northern regions. The Northern regions vessels was awarded this have always been the cornerstone for the configuration and summer. building of Norway’s national defence. The Trident Juncture In the photo, KV Andenes is sailing through ice floes exercise says clearly that NATO will come to our aid in these in Arctic waters. areas, in the event that a conflict should arise. And what is Photo: FMS more, the exercise offers our allies valuable practice in carrying out operations under Norwegian conditions.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 1 NEW COAST GUARD VESSELS

The coast guard ships will be 136 meters in length, with a beam of 22 meters. The hulls will be built in Romania, while the vessels then will be completed and equipped at the Vard Langsten facility in Tomrefjorden south of Molde, some 200 km south-west of Trondheim

THREE NEW COAST GUARD VESSELS

On the 25th of June, the Vard Langsten shipyard was awarded In the competitive basis that was the contract for the building of three new helicopter-carrying submitted to the pre-qualified yards for the delivery of the coast guard vessels, there Coast Guard vessels with polar ice reinforced properties. The was also included a reference concept new ships will be replacing the current Nordkapp class, which drawn up by Defence Materiel Maritime was built in the early 1980’s. Capabilities, in collaboration with LMG Marin AS. Vard chose to base its offer on the he contract value with the ship- The new Coast Guard vessels reference concept and has made only a yard amounts to some 5.2 billion The Norwegian Government decided early few modifications to the concept – with TNOK, or 500 million euro, while on that the new coast guard vessels should a view to optimising the performance in the total cost expectation for the project be built at a Norwegian yard. At the outset,­ ­order to ensure that the requirements of is around 6.8 billion NOK, or 650 million six shipyard groups were pre-qualified for the ­specification would be met. euro. The total cost will in addition to the the assignment, but when the deadline for shipyard cost be covering other procure- bidding ran out on March 15th in 2017, Requirements to the new ments, the operating cost for the project, only three had chosen to submit their Coast Guard vessels and ­allocations for uncertainty and risk. ­offers. These three were: The Defence has drawn up a compre­ The delivery of the new vessels • Weston Group AS, Ølensvåg hensive list of requirements to the new has been pushed ahead a bit, so that the • Kleven Verft AS, Ulsteinvik Coast Guard vessels. The vessels will be Defence is now planning to take over • Vard Group AS - Langsten, Tomrefjord reinforced against ice, particularly with a the vessels during the period of 2022 to Among these three, Varg Langsten view to operations in the northern Arctic 2024. was selected. areas. The vessels must nevertheless be

2 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 NEW COAST GUARD VESSELS

FACTS Vard Group AS, formerly STX Europe, is a shipbuilding concern with head ­office ­located in Ålesund. The Italian yard group Fincantieri is a majority owner in the ­concern. Vard owns five shipyards in ­Norway, two in Brazil, two in Romania and one in Vietnam. The Vard Group is a major player in the field of building specialised vessels. They have previously built, for example, the KV Svalbard and the new ‘spy ship’ for the ­intelligence services, Marjata.

FACTS THE NEW COAST GUARD VESSELS ARE BEING BUILT TO ICE CLASS PC 6 (POLAR CLASS 6). Polar Class (PC) refers to the ice class assigned to a ship by the International ­Association of Classification Societies (IACS). Seven Polar Classes are defined in the rules, ranging from PC 1 for year-round The new vessels are being built to the strictest DNV GL requirements for environment protection and emissions operation in all polar waters, to PC 7 for control, including all future emissions requirements that are in planning for future introduction. The Norwe- gian Coast Guard is the primary state authority exerciser at sea, managing the maritime safety and security summer and autumn operation in thin first- together with other agencies with responsibilities in the maritime domain. The Coast Guard currently operates year ice. PC 6 is described as “Summer/ a fleet of 13 vessels, four of which are helicopter carriers, operating in the entire Norwegian maritime inter- autumn operation in medium first-year ice est area, including arctic waters. The vessels are daily performing sovereignty assertion, search and rescue, which may include old ice inclusions”. resource management and oil conservation.

capable of operating all over the globe, in additional requirement to host two further ­medical ­support is that which is integral sea temperatures from minus 2 degrees to boats for special operations. in or allocated­ to a small unit, and will +32 degrees C, and under air temperatures The vessels must have towing capa- include the capabilities for providing first from –30 to +40 degrees C, with relative bilities and must be able to stow containers aid, immediate­ lifesaving measures, and humidity ranging from 20 % all the way up on deck. triage. to 100 percent. Furthermore, the vessels will be Strict requirements are also posed Helicopter capacity equipped to handle oil spill containment, in the area of seaworthiness and seagoing The on-board helicopter, an NH 90, must with both protective gear (supplied by the properties. All operations must be doable be able to carry out night-time as well as Coast Authority) and storage capacity for in sea grades up to and including 5, corre­ daytime operations, and must be able to retrieved oil. sponding to a mean wave height of 2.5 take off and land in sea grades up to 5, with to 4 meters. Regarding sailing speed, the wave heights of up to 4 meters. On board Military capacities Defence has set the minimum requirement there will naturally also be a hangar for the While the current Nordkapp class carries a for full speed to 22 knots, which is to say NH 90 helicopter, including the necessary 57 mm cannon on the foredeck as its main that the vessels must be capable of at least service and maintenance facilities. armament, the new vessels are planned to 22 knots or more. The optimised sailing The helicopter deck will have the be armed with a 40 mm L-70 cannon. Work speed for cost-effective cruising will be strength and space to land a helicopter up is ongoing to study the feasibility­ of over- ­approximately 14 knots. to the size of an AW 101. The AW 101 is haul and re-use of a 40 mm ­cannon already In comparison, the Nordkapp class the helicopter that has been chosen as the in stock with the Defence. In ­addition, the will do a maximum speed of about 21 new Search and Rescue (SAR) helicopter­ coast guard ships will have lighter arma- knots. for Norway. There is not, however, a ments in the form of machine guns. The new Coast Guard vessels ­requirement that the AW101 must be able The new Coast Guard vessels should be able to operate for up to 8 to take off and land in sea grade 5, but if will be equipped with a military ­tactical weeks under a normal operations profile, the AW101 is equipped accordingly, there ­management system (TMS), including carrying a crew of 55 persons, in­cluding will be the possibilities to conduct hoisting ­helicopter control capacity, as well as helicopter crews and pilots. The total operations and refuelling. ­military communications systems. ­accommodations capacity on board will be Above and beyond all this, about 100 persons, however. Hospital and oil spill containment the new vessels will be equipped with The number of personnel on board On board the new Coast Guard vessels,­ ­various sensors­ and ICT systems, and will is about the same as for the Nordkapp class. there will also be hospital facilities, ­carry comprehensive CBRN protection Carried on board will also be two ­corresponding to that which in the NATO (­Chemical, biological, radiological and fast man-over-board craft, and there is an terminology is called Role 1. Role 1 nuclear).

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 3 NSM

US ARMY TESTS NAVAL STRIKE MISSILE

On July 12 this year, the U.S. Army successfully launched the and evaluate items and technologies from Naval Strike Missile (NSM) and struck the USS Racine (LST- allies and other friendly nations that may fill an Army capability gap. 1191) Newport-class tank landing ship target during a live fire The FCT program supports inter- exercise. The test was executed as a part of the month-long national cooperation and helps reduce Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) 2018 multi-national exercise. the US Armed Forces overall acquisition costs by providing funds to formally test and evaluate foreign non-developmental he Army fired a Naval StrikeMissile ­ ­anti-ship missiles, the Army could poten- items, commercial-off-the-shelf items, or from a Palletized Load System tially target enemy ships and restrict move- technologies which are in the late state of Ttruck, hitting a decommissioned­ ment in the maritime domain. development that may satisfy U.S. military ship at sea, 63 miles north of Kauai. The In 2015, AMRDEC (The U.S. Army requirements. demonstration aligns with the Army’s Research, Development and Engineering­ ­strategy to enhance operations across Command Aviation & Missile Center) began­ FACTS land, air, maritime, space, and cyberspace to investigate and identify options that could domains.­ be pursued to provide such a ­capability in RIMPAC, Rim of the Pacific, is the world’s largest international maritime exercise Discussions of multi-domain battle­ the near-term; one of the options­ identified providing a unique training opportunity began in 2015 after US Department of was the Naval Strike Missile. that helps participants foster and sustain Defense were interested in ­advancing In 2016, the AMRDEC selected cooperative relationships that are critical to ­operations across multiple domains to the NSM for future testing and initiated a ensuring safety at sea and security on the ­exploit opportunities on a rapidly ­changing FCT (Foreign Comparative Testing) effort. world’s oceans. RIMPAC 2018 is the 26th exercise in the series that began in 1971. battlefield. By employingland-based ­ Within the FCT program the US Army test

US Army fired a NSM missile from a M1975 PLS truck. The NSM (Naval Strike Missile) is an anti-ship and land-attack missile developed by the Norwegian company Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KDA) in partnership with U.S.-based Raytheon Missile Systems. NSM has an operational range of 185 km (115 mi; 100 nmi) plus. The length of NSM is 3.95 m (13.0 ft) and the weight is 410kg (900 lb), with a 125 kg (276 lb) HE blast-fragmentation warhead. Current operators are the Norwegian Navy and the Polish Costal missile division (truck launched missiles). NSM has also been chosen by the US Navy, the Malaysian Navy and the German Navy. Photo: David Hogan, AMRDEC WDI

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17/09/2018 14:24 JSM SUCCESSFUL TEST OF THE JSM

The development of the Joint Strike Missile (JSM) is now Missiles have been released from ­completed. In March a missile with seeker and warhead was an US Air Force F-16 aircraft at the Utah Test & Training Range as part of a test tested against a land target. ­programme running between 2015 and 2018. he JSM has proven advanced ­Program Director Morten Klever of the The most recent tests were ­properties and has passed all the Ministry of Defence. ­completed in March of this year, with the Tqualifying tests. seeker and the warhead implemented. The An important milestone has now Technical integration of the test was conducted on a land-based target, been achieved, with the Joint Strike ­Missile JSM in F-35 combat aircraft with a successful result. passing the last of its planned tests in the The integration of JSM in the aircraft is Once development is complete, missile qualification programme. The ­vital for Norway to be fully ­operational the Norwegian Armed Forces will acquire ­development phase of the JSM is now in its with the F-35 in 2025. The JSM will a number of test missiles to be used for final stage and is scheduled for completion ­ensure that the Norwegian F-35 has a real ­integration with the F-35 in what is known in autumn 2018. ­combat capability­ towards any type of as the Block-4 update. The integration -This is very good news for the ­well-­defended land- and naval targets. of the JSM will be managed by the Joint Norwegian Armed Forces and ­Norwegian As a part of the development of the ­Program Office (JPO) in cooperation with industry. What is now remaining is the missile, a Legacy Flight Test Programme the main supplier, Lockheed Martin. ­integration of the JSM on the F-35 in was carried out, during which a number of Several of the nations that will be what is known as the Block-4 update, says missiles were dropped in order to qualify procuring F-35s have similar operational­ the missile in preparation for integration needs to Norway, and have shown with the F-35. ­considerable interest in the JSM.

The effect on a rather small target like a truck is completely devastating. Photo: Kongsberg Group

The missile was launched from an F-16 fighter approximately 200 km away from the target area. The missile navigated along a pre-programmed track towards the ­position of the target. In this test, the real target, the truck, was mowed 100 ­meters away from the pre-programmed position of the target and a decoy target (the ­container) was placed in the original target position. This to test if the missile was capable of identifying the real target in-flight, and adjusting its point of impact. And as seen in the photo, the JSM is not easily fooled. Photo: Kongsberg Group

6 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 TRIDENT JUNCTURE TRIDENT JUNCTURE 18

More than 50,000 ­soldiers from more than 30 nations are The cold and wet weather will pose additional challenges for NATO troops, and will train them to operate in extreme ­participating in ­exercise ­conditions. Photo: FMS ­Trident Juncture 18. The exercise­ will take place in central and ELINT goes digital. ­eastern Norway and the Get maximum information ­surrounding areas of the North Atlantic and from minimum signal. the Baltic Sea, including Rohde & Schwarz offers fully digital ELINT systems that enable the interception and analysis of modern radar signals. The system simultaneously produces PDW’s, ­Iceland and the airspace­ I/Q descriptor words and continuous I/Q data, ensuring high-quality data from the of Finland­ and Sweden. antenna to the analysis center. www.rohde-schwarz.com/ad/elint

rident Juncture is one of the largest military T­exercises ever held in Norway since the cold war. ­During some ­hectic weeks this October and November, around 50,000 participants,­ 150 aircraft and about 60 naval vessels and up to 10.000 vehicles from all over NATO and its partners will be ­coming to Norway. The exercise­ will test the whole ­military chain – from troop training at the ­tactical level, to command over large forces. It will train the troops of the NATO Response Force and forces from other allies and partners, ensuring they can work seamlessly together. Large exercises like ­Trident Juncture 18 are ne­cessary for our ability to deploy and ­receive troops, and undertake large-scale military operations under challenging conditions. Exercises like this make NATO better prepared to counter any aggression, if necessary.­

M_ELINT_210x280_e_150616.indd 1 16.06.15 11:49

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 7 NORWEGIANTRIDENT JUNCTURE DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

The aircraft carrier USS Harry S Truman will be participating in Trident Juncture 18. Photo: U.S. Navy/ Kristina Young

The live training will be conducted from 25 October to This exercise has air, sea and land elements, and 7 November 2018. A command post exercise (CPX) will be held Norway offers the possibility to train realistically in all of these 14–23 November 2018. domains. Admiral James G. Foggo III, Commander of NATO Norway offered to host Trident Juncture 18, and NATO Joint Force Command Naples, is responsible for conducting the ­accepted the offer more than four years ago. Norway has a long exercise. ­tradition of hosting major allied and multinational military exercises.

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8 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

N o rw e g i a n D e f e n c e a nd S e c u r i t y I nd u s t r i e s A ss o c i at i o n (FSi) THE LEADING ASSOCIATION IN NORWAY ADVOCATING THE INTERESTS OF ITS SECTOR, AND THE PRIMARY INTERLOCUTOR FOR THE GOVERNMENT IN MATTERS OF IMPORTANCE TO THE INDUSTRY. AFFILIATED WITH THE CONFEDERATION OF NORWEGIAN ENTERPRISE (NHO) AND REPRESENTING MORE THAN 100 COMPANIES

FORSVARSEVNE, INNOVASJON, RINGVIRKNINGER – EKSPORT AV FORSVARSMATERIELL SKAPER STORE VERDIER løpet av de nærmeste månedene nasjonal industri som er kritisk for Eksport av forsvarsmateriell vesentlig mindre attraktiv som partner skal Stortinget behandle den ­årlige forsvars­evnen. Det er også for lang forutsetter tillit hos den utenlandske i internasjonale samarbeidsprosjekter Imeldingen om eksport av forsvars­ tid (20 - 40 år) mellom hver gang kunden. Kontrakter om leveranser der Norge deltar for å dele kostnader materiell fra Norge. Statistikken­ Forsvaret anskaffer et større system, av forsvarsmateriell omfatter svært med andre nasjoner. viser at eksporten fra Norge økte til at det er mulig å opprettholde en langvarige forpliktelser, ofte 20-30 år. Skulle rammebetingelsene bli med over 30% fra 2016 til 2017. Det nasjonal industri som understøtter Valg av leverandør innebærer derfor, vesentlig endret vil det innebære er bra for forsvarsevnen, for nasjonal­ Forsvaret, hvis ikke industrien kan for enhver nasjon, at det etableres et omfattende kapasitetstilpasninger, verdiskapning­ og for teknologisk og videre­utvikle seg gjennom utvikling og langsiktig avhengighetsforhold til som nedbemanning, redusert lønnsomhet industriell utvikling, og det skaper leveranser av materiell og systemer til nasjonens forsvarsevne avhenger av. og, aller viktigst, forsvarsevnen vil bli interessante høyteknologiske­ arbeids­ kunder utenfor Norge. Det gjelder også de nasjonene norsk svekket som følge av at muligheten til plasser i alle deler av landet. Uten Derfor er eksport av forsvars­ forsvarsindustri leverer til. å dele kostnader om vedlikehold, opp- eksport er det ingen forsvars­industri materiell helt nødvendig for forsvars­ Derfor er det helt avgjørende gradering og videreutvikling av Forsva- i Norge. Derfor er det helt avgjørende evnen. I tillegg er det slik at lever- at rammebetingelsene for eksport rets systemer med andre nasjoner blir at behandlingen­ av meldingen­ sikrer at anser til utenlandske kunder ofte er ­stabile og forutsigbare. ­Ensidige redusert. I tillegg vil en nedbygging av Utenriks­departementets forutsigbare innebærer videreutvikling og opp­ ­norske tiltak, som innebærer vesentlige­ forsvarsindustrien i Norge innebære praktisering av eksportregelverket, blir gradering av materiell­ utviklet for ­endringer i praktiseringen­ av eksport- at Norge gjør seg helt avhengig av de videreført. ­Forsvaret. Det kommer Forsvaret til kontrollregimet vil få svært negative store internasjonale aktørene også på Norges, samfunnets og inn­ gode når tiden er inne til å oppgra- konsekvenser for norsk forsvarsindustri­ områder der det er bred enighet om at byggernes sikkerhet forutsetter at dere og levetidsforlenge­ materiell og og de utenlandske kundene. For det av nasjonale sikkerhetsinteresser Forsvaret med troverdighet kan hevde systemer. Eksport bidrar dermed også ­kundene vil det kunne svekke forsvars­ er behov for en nasjonal industri. suverenitet, avskrekke og gjennomføre til å redusere levetidskostnadene for evnen og få store økonomiske konse­ ­Forsvarets behov vil imidlertid ikke effektive militære operasjoner. Derfor Forsvaret og til at systemene forblir kvenser som følge av å skulle måtte bli endret som følge av dette og det må Forsvaret ha materiell og systemer relevante vesentlig lengre enn dersom erstatte materiell fra Norge, lenge før- vil derfor også ha som konsekvens som fungerer under norske forhold. Forsvaret hadde vært eneste bruker. levetiden er nådd, med andre løsninger. at Norge må finansiere utvikling av Det handler om løsninger som kan re- Forsvarsindustrien er store og små Mange nasjoner anser også handel teknologi og materiell hos utenlandske­ aliseres med begrensende ressurser, bedrifter i lokalsamfunn i alle deler av med forsvarsmateriell­ som en strate- leverandører, uten at dette bidrar til og som sikrer at oppdragene kan løses landet. Om lag 5000 arbeidstagere gisk relasjon som er med å definere­ de nasjonal teknologisk eller industriell også når klimaet og topografien viser er direkte sysselsatt i utvikling og mellomstatlige­ relasjonene­ til Norge. utvikling. Det som eventuelt utvikles seg fra sin mest krevende side. Det er produksjon av forsvarsmateriell. Dette Vesentlige endringer i praktiser- for norske skattebetaleres penger ikke en selvfølge at forsvarsmateriell er attraktive arbeidsplasser i noen ingen av eksportkontrollregimet vil vil da også være underlagt eksport­ som utvikles av andre nasjoner med av Norges mest avanserte utviklings­ ødelegge tilliten til Norge i det inter- kontrollregimet i nasjonen utvikling utgangspunkt i deres egne krav, uten og produksjonsbedrifter. Innovasjon, nasjonale forsvarsmarkedet. Det vil og/eller produksjon finner sted og ikke videre kan møte Forsvarets behov. høyteknologi, kvalitet og industriell ikke kunne begrenses til den nasjonen det norske eksportkontrollregimet. Norsk forsvarsindustris rolle er der- utvikling er kritiske suksessfaktorer. som eventuelt blir direkte berørt, men Å videreføre en forutsigbar og stabil for å utvikle og levere løsninger som Det gir betydelig «spinoff»­ i form av skape generell usikkerhet om hvor- praktisering av eksportkontrolleregimet,­ møter Forsvarets behov, når det ikke gjenbruk av teknologi og prosesser i vidt Norge og norsk forsvarsindustri slik Utenriksdepartementet­ ivaretar uten videre kan anskaffes i markedet, industriell virksomhet for sivile for- er til å stole på og om industrien er i dette på i dag, er derfor i Statens, For­ og å forbedre, oppdatere og tilpasse mål. Forsvarsindustrien er en lønnsom stand til å vedstå seg sine forpliktelser svarets og industriens interesse og det materiell som allerede er i bruk. og fremtidsrettet innovasjonsdrevet som leverandør av kritiske forsvars­ bidrar til å sikre vekst og arbeidsplasser Det norske markedet er imidler- ­industri med et betydelig potensial for systemer som skal fungere i mange i høyteknologiske virksomheter i alle tid for lite til å kunne opprettholde videre vekst. ti-år. Norsk forsvarsindustri vil også bli deler av landet.

P.O. Box 5250 Majorstuen, Tel: + 47 23 08 80 00 E-mail: [email protected] NO- 0303 Oslo. NORWAY Telefax: + 47 23 08 80 18 Internet: www.fsi.no

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 9 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) SUPPLIER SEMINAR AND ­EXHIBITION AKERSHUS 2018

his year’s Supplier seminar and ­Norway for Norwegian defence suppliers,­ for Norway of having its own defence ­exhibition was held at the Akershus in particular for the smaller defence ­industry, and that the Government is Tfortress in Oslo on the 29th and ­contractors, but also a significant venue for ­concerned that ­Norwegian industry should 30th of August, and marked the eleventh foreign suppliers looking for Norwegian be able to compete on level terms with such event in the series. Over the course of collaborating partners. foreign­ rivals. these years, the numbers of both exhibitors The exhibition was opened by political­ – The Government has accordingly­ and visitors have increased considerably. advisor to the Ministry of Defence, Ms no plans to modify Norwegian rules The supplier seminar and exhibition Marte Ziolkowski. In her opening state- for ­exports of military materiel, said is the most important meeting place in ment, she emphasised the importance ­Ziolokowski in conclusion.

Comrod AS has for many years been supplying antennas for military and ­civilian applications all over the world. Karen Bergitte V. Malmberg (left) and Yngve Hæreid from Comrod.

Deputy Chairman of the FSi Board, Gudmund Kjærheim, and political advisor to the Ministry of Defence, Ms Marte Ziolkowski, opened the FSi fair together. Photo: MilitærTeknikk

FossTech AS is a developer and manufacturer of products for extreme environ- ments, with extensive experience from many deliveries to the Armed Forces. Based on their experiences from extreme environments, the company recently won a contract with the road authority Vegvesenet to supply 250 connection Preben Suphammer (left) and Einar Østli from Jak. J Alverberg AS in boxes for the road lights along the E6 highway. The connection boxes will be Norway. Jak J. Alveberg is a provider of high-quality paint systems, and a located in culverts alongside the road, where they will be exposed to water, road ­regular supplier to both the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. The company salt, sand, dust, frost and heat. Geir Henninen from Fosstech AS is holding up a was established in 1917, and celebrated its hundredth anniversary last year. connection box like the one developed by his company for Vegvesenet.

10 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

Based in Trondheim, Maritime Robotics is a provider of unmanned solutions,­ both on the surface and in the air. Einar Storli (left) and Eirik Evjen Hovstein from Maritime Robotics presented technology for UAV’s that the ­company has developed.

Anders Svanlund from H. Henriksen AS. Under the brand name of REBS, Thomas Binnie (left) and Verner Fuchs from Tinex as. TINEX, ­founded the Tønsberg-based company Henriksen AS has over many years developed and in 1991, is a local Norwegian full-service technology company that represents­ delivered items like hooks and ladders used for example in the boarding of a ship ­international companies within the areas of Defence & Security, Public up and over its side. The customer base includes various Special Forces. ­Transport and Communications.

Transportation of highly contagious patients. EpiShuttle is a modular, single patient isolation system, developed by EpiGuard, a Norwegian innovation company established in 2015. The EpiShuttle can be operated in both a negative pressure mode and a positive pressure mode. – Negative pressure inside the isolator prevents contaminated air from leaking out, and positive pressure prevents contaminated outside air from leaking into the isolator, explains Henrik Aase from EpiGuard.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 11 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) FAR AND DFARS; RULES FOR ­CONTRACTS WITH US AUTHORITIES

The United States of America is currently the claims. There was no signa- Norwegian businesses overwhelmingly biggest market for ­Norwegian ture of the contracting officer were also there to share their defence industry, and significantly ­bigger ­confirming the changes, and experiences from sales to the the contractor did therefore US ­Defence. Anne Haugen- than the home market. And the sales of not get paid for the extra work, Flermoe, senior vice president ­Norwegian defence materiel to the US Defence ­suffering a severe loss. for Legal Affairs at Nammo, is increasing.­ In the workshop part of presented a scenario where the seminar, Dave Kaplan and you are looking to enter into or anyone with a desire­ with American authorities. And Mark LoManto reviewed the a subcontract­ in support of a to enter the American­ in particular, understanding the more practical sides of sub­ prime, and your contract is for a F­defence ­market, ­being role of the Contracting Officer. mitting a bid to American non-commercial product. well versed in both the FAR – The contracting officer has ­government agencies. Kaplan – First of all, read your (Federal Acquisition Regulation)­ a major role in a government and ­LoManto both work for ML- RFQ documents and contract and DFARS (­Defense Federal contract. The contracting officer Weekes &Company PC, a firm ­documents thoroughly, and Acquisition Regulation Supple- is the one who signs on for in- ­specializing in government ac- identify your risks, Haugen- ment) is of crucial importance. stance changes and other claims counting matters. Among other Flermoe emphasised, and listed Perhaps this was a reason for within the contract. We have issues, Kaplan and LoManto up a number of risks that the the massive interest in this had examples of engineers from gave an overview of the require- contractor has to consider. year’s FAR/DFARS seminar in the contractor working ­together ments applicable to an “ad- – And contracting under Oslo, attracting more than 150 with engineers from the US equate” offer, and where these FAR/DFARS adds an additional­ delegates. government agency, coming requirements can be found. The layer of risk, even for a Steve Knight, a partner up with changes and improve- pair went on to describe how ­subcontractor, as for instance in the Washington DC based ments in the project, Knight the businesses must present FAR/DFARS regulations in the law firm of Smith Pachter explains. – The changes led to their costing data in connection prime contract flow down to the ­McWhorter emphasised the extra costs for the ­contractor, with negotiable contracts, and subcontractor, Haugen-Flermoe significance of understanding but the govern­mental customer how these costs should be split said in conclusion. the different roles in a contract turned down the contractor´s up into diverse single elements.

Steve Knight, partner in the ­Washington DC based law firm Smith Pachter McWhorter has worked with the FAR/DFARS regulations for many Dave Kaplan and Mark LoManto from MLWeekes &Company PC. In the middle, Anne Haugen-Flermoe from Nammo. years. Photo: MilitærTeknikk Photo: MilitærTeknikk

12 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

DKF WORKING MEETING IN OSLO FACTS DKF is an association providing an international On the 25th of September, DKF e.V., a European association focusing ­platform to share know­ on offset and reciprocal trade practices, in cooperation with FSi hosted ledge and best practice in the fields of industrial a working meeting for Norwegian and European defence industries. participation & coop- In the context of industrial cooperation programs the participants did eration. DKF itself does not represent industry, nor has not only get acquainted with the different aspects of the joint German- it any mandate to express Norwegian purchase of submarines, but also learned to explore other a ­position versus any ­European or national policy possible fields of cooperation. – this is up to its members itself. hor-Vidar Indreeide ing the main weapon onboard support vehicles like bridge DKF has grown into a from the Norwegian the Norwegian Fridjof Nansen layers, engineering vehicles and European organization with many important defence Ministry of Defence frigates, Indreeide stated ini- logistic vehicles. Further on we T companies discussing a gave a presentation of German- tially. are looking into cooperation broader range of subjects Norwegian armaments co­ For the time being, both the regarding ground based air de- related to competitiveness operation. Norwegian and the German gov- fence/ short range air defence. of supply chains involving The main cooperation pro- ernments are actively pursuing In addition within the land European subcontractors, such as digitalization. gram is of course the new iden- additional areas of cooperation. domain, tactical information tical submarines for the German -One possibility that has infrastructure is an area where and Norwegian navies. This been identified is naval mine Germany and Norway may find program has already led to oth- warfare. We are looking into cooperation opportunities. In er areas of cooperation. So far, establishing a sort of common this area, the Netherlands have purchasing and further devel- German-Norwegian naval mine expressed interest in participat- opment of the Kongsberg Naval warfare toolbox, where both na- ing, opening for a three-nation Strike missile (NSM) has been tions together can develop tools cooperation. one key area of cooperation. and feature units for naval mine -In all the areas we have -We are looking into devel- warfare. been looking into, Norwegian oping the next generation of the We are also finding prom- Industry has a strong position NSM with longer range and up- ising opportunities for coop- and the competence to partici- Thor-Vidar Indreeide from the Nor- wegian Ministry of Defence present- graded sensors. This missile will eration within the land domain, pate in a Norwegian-German ed a broad spectrum of opportunities be onboard three German navy Indreeide continued, and men- cooperation, Indreeide said in for German-Norwegian armaments ship classes, in addition to be- tioned main battle tanks and conclusion. cooperation. Photo: MilitærTeknikk

The DKF hosted the meeting. From left; Kenan Kurtovic (General Dynamics), Silvia Bergmann (Airbus) Ivan Bannwart (ABB), Marius Müller (Rheinmetall), and Markus Bauer (Thales). Photo: MilitærTeknikk

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 13 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) THE TRI-AXIAL COOPERATION, VERSION 2.0 The so-called Tri-Axial Cooperation has for ­Hornet, to be obsolete within 5 Torgeir Mørkved from the to 6 years. When many national FFI presented the man elements many years been one of the cornerstones armed forces have procurement in the Tri-Axial Model version in the development of Norwegian defence processes lasting the same 5 to 2.0, emphasising for openers ­materiel. The co-operation is often pictured as 6 years, this illustrates the need that the strong aspects of the a triangle, where each corner is represented to speed up the procurement ­triaxial model that has been process, Kjærheim pointedly working well, need to be taken respectively by the Armed Forces, the FFI (the stated. care of and sustained. Norwegian Defence Research Establishment), Col. Bjørn Stai presented – But we need to ­include and the industry. the Tri-Axial Cooperation as some supplementary functions,­ seen from the third corner – the Mørkved explained, pointing­ par- he Tri-Axial Cooperation not least the significant role that Armed Forces. ticularly to increased ­exploitation has been a key figure the FFi has held and still holds Stai has previously worked of commercial ­civilian techno­ Tin the development of in this development effort. The for many years with ground- logy, better ­utilisation of the notable systems like the ­Naval main criteria for development based air defence systems, and potential in small and medium Strike Missile (NSM), and projects to succeed, is above all has been representing the user businesses, improved collabo­ the ground-based air defence that the Armed Forces presents side in the development of the ration between industry, research system­ NASAMS. a clear requirement definition, air defence system NASAMS. environments and users when Over recent years, however,­ said Sjøvik, adding that long- – During the years when it comes to ­testing and experi- it has been pointed out that term financing and competent I worked with air defence, menting, plus the development the especially the innovation professional environments I would say that the strate- of flexiblefinancing ­ mechanisms ­process within the Tri-Axial should be included among the gic collaboration­ between the capable of adapting to smaller ­Cooperation is running too key criteria for success. Armed Forces, FFI and the businesses and enterprises. slowly. For this reason, the Gudmund Kjærheim from ­industry, that is to say Kongs- If we can enhance the triaxial­ FMA (the Norwegian Defence Flir UAS represented the second­ berg, has almost permeated model with these supplementary­ ­Material Agency), the FSi (the corner in the triaxial model – the air defence environment in features, we should be able Norwegian defence and security the defence industry. the Air Force. – And all three to realise faster­ innovation industries association) together Flir UAS has developed and ­parties have benefited greatly ­processes, and the Defence with the FFI have drawn up a is manufacturing the micro UAV from this cooperation, Stai ­establishment can come in proposal for a further develop- Black Hornet, which as of today ­concluded: – The Air Force fuller contact with and benefit­ ment of the triangular model. has been delivered to some 30 currently has a state-of-the-art from the rapid development­ of This proposal was recently buyer countries. air defence system still being ­civilian technology.­ And we have ­presented as the ”Tri-Axial -We are about to launch the further developed;­ the FFI has a huge competitive ­advantage Model version 2.0”. third generation of the Black nurtured a highly competent in ­Norway, said Mørkved in Øyvind Sjøvik from the FFI Hornet, Kjærheim said in his and viable research environ- ­closing. – Compared­ to many presented how the Tri-Axial opening statement, adding that ment, and the Kongsberg Group other ­nations, we have a high Cooperation has been a corner- in this field, development runs has leaped from one customer at ­degree of ­mutual trust and stone of Norwegian missile at a high pace. We are expecting­ home to 13 customers ­spanning ­respect between­ the Armed ­development through a period a lot of the technology that the globe. Forces, the FFI and the industry. of almost 60 years, emphasising we are using in today’s Black

Torgeir Mørkved from the FFI ­presented the key elements of the Col. Bjørn Stai from the Armed Forces, Gudmund Kjærheim from Flir UAS, and Øyvind Sjøvik from the FFI presented their Tri-Axial Model version 2.0. experiences with the Tri-Axial Cooperation from the three different “corners”. Photo: MilitærTeknikk Photo: MilitærTeknikk

14 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

FSi SMB CORPORATE PRESENTATION:

The company’s technology, products/services/competences as of today: Obsima Technology AS specializes in projecting, delivering and maintaining: • Shooting equipment (range targets, simulators, accessories, etc.) • Shooting lanes (bullet traps, ballistic protection, ricochet protection, noise reduction etc.) • Shoot houses (complete live fire training facilities and shooting ranges) • Radio accessories • Meteorology sensors

History: houses and target materials. The Obsima Technology AS, company has an operating lo- “­Obsima”, was established in gistics organization of 5 service 1998 by Leif Haugland. The engineers. In 2018 Obsima has first contract was delivery of recently opened a new office simulators, range targets and close to Camp Rena. In addition bullet traps to Norwegian Army to the shooting range and simu- ­training facility. The company­ lator marked, Obsima Technol- was also an inn­ovator in ogy AS also sell radio accesso- ­design and delivery for modern ries and meteorology sensors. ­bullet traps which improved the ­indoor air quality for the The company’s ­shooters ­significantly. In 2004, ­organisation, and training facilities. A number­ Why maintain the the ­military part of Obsima­ ­employees, owners: of partners and manufacturers membership in FSi? Technology AS was sold to Obsima Technology AS is have signed exclusive agree- Access to an arena for contact Vinghøg AS (now Rheinmetal owned by 4 private share­holders ments with Obsima Techno­ with customers and potential Vinghøg AS). In 2006/2007 through Obsima ­Holding AS logy for sales in Norway and manufacturing partners. Vinghøg AS sold Obsima to Leif with Leif Haugland as the Sweden. Obsima Technol- Haugland through an MBO, ­largest shareholder (50%). The ogy AS has established itself How does the ­company and Obsima Technology AS current number of employees as an important player within make use of its were re-located and re-estab- is 11. Obsima Technology AS its ­specialized fields of mate- membership­ in the FSi? lished with two new owners. have offices both in Gjerdrum rial and operating services for An arena for contact with Obsima Techno­logy AS has (main office with 5 employees) shooting and ­training facilities ­customers and potential man- in recent years in addition to and at Rena (6 employees). with the Defence and Police/ ufacturing partners. Partici­ ­selling equipment also focused Emergency Services as primary pation at important seminars on ­being an integrated mainte- The company’s customers. and ­gatherings where the key nance and logistics partner for ­involvement in the stakeholders in the Norwegian the Norwegian market con­ ­defence market: The company’s standing Defence organisation and the tracted by the companies that Obsima Technology AS is a as a member of the FSi: industry meet and share in­ provide simulators, training complete supplier of ­shooting Since: 2008 formation.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 15 NUCLEUS

NUCLEUS COMPLETES ­SUCCESSFUL FIRST LAUNCH On Thursday 27 September Nammo successfully completed the first launch of Nucleus, a sounding rocket powered by its new hybrid rocket motor.

ucleus was launched from And­ can be scaled up to lift a wide range of øya Space Center in Northern ­payloads, including small ­satellites into NNorway, and reached an altitude­ low earth orbit. of 107.4 km. That made it not only the Nammo is hoping that the new first rocket powered by a Norwegian propulsion technology demonstrated ­motor design to cross the Karman line, with Nucleus will be able to power future the ­commonly recognized border to space, launch vehicles for small satellites. but also the first European hybrid rocket -Over the next few years there ­motor to do so in more than 50 years. are plans to launch thousands of small The Hybrid Rocket Motor ­powering ­satellites. The benefit of our new hybrid Nucleus has been developed by Nammo at rocket motor is they can lift them into orbit­ Raufoss in Norway, and could potentially with the accuracy of a liquid fueled engine,­ power a whole new generation of smaller but without the associated complexity­ and European launch vehicles. costs, making it ideal for smaller European­ -Even though hybrid rockets have launch sites,” said Onno Verberne,­ been around since the thirties, a number ­Nammo’s VP of Business Development­ for of technical challenges have remained. space. We are proud that we have been able to Today, only a select few nations solve these, and get the concept to work – Russia, India, China, USA, France for the first time, said Adrien Boiron, lead and Japan – have the capacity to build ­engineer on the Nucleus project. launch vehicles for satellites and send Nucleus is a sounding rocket, them into space from home bases. If the ­designed to lift scientific instruments into technology demonstrated in the Nucleus the upper layers of the atmosphere. The is successful, Norway has the potential to hybrid rocket motor propelling it, ­however, join them.

The Nucleus rocket is 9 meters long and has a total weight of around 800 kg. The motor gives a thrust of 30 KN (3 tons). The planned future version of Nucleus at the moment of launch from Andøya Space Center. Photo: Nammo the engine would give 75-100 KN of thrust.

16 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

– B u l l e t i n B o a r d f o r D e f e n c e , I nd u s t ry a nd T r a d e –

RAF Typhoons intercept Russian bombers Typhoon fighter jets deployed airspace, making them a hazard with the Royal Air Force (RAF) to all other aviation. have successfully intercepted In July, the RAF Eurofighter two Russian long-range bomber Typhoons based in Romania aircraft that were flying towards operated from the Mihail Kogal- The first flights with external stores were conducted over the Baltic Sea at the UK airspace. niceanu Air Base near Constanta beginning of July. Besides two of the IRIS-T air-to-air missile, the aircraft carried five pylons designed and built together with the Swiss company RUAG Aero- The Russian Tu-160 Black- to successfully intercept Russian structures. Photo: Saab jack bombers did not commu- Su-24 Fencer aircraft that flew nicate with UK air traffic control near Nato airspace over the as they were approaching the Black Sea. Gripen E in the air with Swiss pylons Saab’s Gripen E programme ­systems or guided weapons can continues to make ­progress. The be attached under the aircraft.­ Gripen aircraft with designation­ Eight pylons are supplied per 39-8 has conducted a ­number aircraft. These techno­logically of successful flights ­carrying sophisticated components external­ stores, including­ ­include both ­electronic as well ­pylons from the Swiss company as mechanical systems and RUAG Aerostructures. must meet the highest demands Gripen E’s pylons are ­regarding aerodynamics and ­installations by which ­additional load capacity. Photo: RAF tanks for fuel, surveillance

Hands-free combat diver Air combat training ­navigation system system for F-35 jets Global subsea engineering compass heading, depth and Cubic Global Defense has complex training scenario­ to pre- ­company James Fisher and time even in near-zero ­visibility ­secured a contract for the pare them for combat ­operations Sons (JFD) and the US Navy environments. ­delivery of its latest-generation in a contested environment.­ have unveiled the Shadow With the use of the system, air combat training system With this next-generation NAV advanced­ combat diver divers might not be required to (ACTS) for the F-35 Lightning II air combat training system, F-35 navigation­ module. carry a handheld or tactical swim joint strike fighter aircraft. fighter pilots can receive not Equipped with a diver’s board, which to date has created Contracted by Lockheed only a dedicated training system standard half mask, the new serious limitations to potentially Martin, the award will ­involve to accurately capture exercise navigation system offers a clear dangerous under­water military the supply of more than 500 data but also have the capability visual display of a combat ­diver’s combat operations. units of the F-35 training to train with fourth-generation ­subsystems by Cubic. aircraft that carry wing-mounted Deliveries are slated to pod version of the P5CTS. be carried out over the next Cubic and its principal sub- four years as part of ­Lockheed contractor Leonardo DRS will ­Martin’s F-35 aircraft production­ continue to manufacture and Lot 12 to Lot 14. maintain the embedded P5 The combat training sys- ­solution for the F-35 internal tem designed for the F-35 jets training subsystem. ­comprises the P5 combat train- The Airborne and Intelli- ing system (P5CTS) internal gence Systems business division subsystem configuration (IS)of Leonardo DRS is responsible and the P5 ground software. for the design and production The mask-mounted head-up display provides combat divers with an un­restricted Cubic Global Defense of the airborne P5CTS internal and continual visibility of accurate information in poor visibility conditions. ­president Dave Buss said: -Fifth-­ subsystem. Photo: JFD generation aircrew ­require a

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 17 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Northrop Grumman unveils Van- guard panel-based radar system

Northrop Grumman has un- Each radar panel has the veiled its Vanguard open capability to function inde- ­architecture radar system for pendently as its own radar and potential use in a wide range of can also be connected with the missions and platforms. desired number of other radar The new multi-function panels to form one single, larger Developed by Leonardo’s Aircraft Division, the Aermacchi M-345 aircraft is capable of performing operational roles with a high-speed manoeuvring capa- ­system features a modular, radar array. bility in high altitudes, modern avionics systems, and high load capacity and ­panel-based structure, with The panels are also field-­ performance. Photo: G.M.Anzellotti/ Italian Air Force each radar panel representing a replaceable, which helps pro- flexible building block that can vide lifecycle cost savings and Weaponised M-345 jet trainer be customised to meet different avoids long maintenance delays mission requirements. that prevent operation. Paramount Group has signed a ­Integration on Fast-Jet ­Trainers Letter of Intent with Leonardo (SWIFT) mission ­system to jointly develop a weaponised alongside the African debut of configuration of the M-345 ­Leonardo’s M-345 jet trainer. ­military trainer aircraft. SWIFT is focused on Under the deal, the two ­current threats and current cus- companies intend to build an tomer requirements.­ It offers low operational configuration of the acquisition and operation costs jet trainer to be marketed in the and is suitable for non-conven- African market. tional or asymmetric warfare. Paramount Advanced Techno­ The platform can be de- logies chief executive officer scribed as short timeframe, The same Vanguard radar building block can be used by both large and small Ralph Mills said: -We are very light combat and surveillance systems, thereby facilitating quick and cost-effective production and maximum excited to launch and demon­ ­solution utilising the best of the system maturity. Photo: Northorp Grumman strate our Smart Weapons best in the defence industry.”

Robots to 3D print parts Gripen Director for Switzerland Saab has appointed Martin P. The main task for Martin for US Navy Büsser to head up the Saab will be to lead Saab’s partici­ The US Navy has awarded a new Lockheed Martin project ­Gripen team in Switzerland. pation in the on-going procure- contract to Lockheed Martin to manager Brian Griffith said: -We Martin, previously Senior Vice ment of new fighter aircraft for conduct studies and customise will research ways machines­ President of Sales and Marketing­ the Swiss Air Force. This in- multi-axis robots that use laser can observe, learn and make at Ruag Aviation, assumed his cludes supporting industrial co- beams to deposit material and ­decisions by themselves to position on October 1. operation with Swiss industry, produce metal components. make better parts that are more partner companies and science. In collaboration with the US consistent, which is crucial as Navy’s Office of Naval­Research, 3D printed parts become more the company is exploring and more common. Mine hunting solution to ­opportunities to apply artificial -Machines should monitor intelligence (AI) for training and make adjustments on their Belgium and the Netherlands ­robots to independently oversee own during printing to ensure Naval Group and ECA Group Mine hunting practices are and optimise additive manu­ that they create the right materi- recently established a techno- being revolutionized through facturing of complex parts. al properties during production. logical and commercial partner- the massive use of unmanned ship in the field of unmanned systems operating on the mine warfare. ECA Group is ­surface, in the air and in the an expert in naval drones and sea. This paradigm shift will ­unmanned systems and one of lead to transformations that will the global leaders in this sector ­affect naval forces as a whole. for the last 50 years The future mine warfare capa­ The first practical applica- bility should be established, and tion was completed as part of then develop, based on threats the response to the consultation­ and technological progress in launched by Belgium for a the areas of staff, equipment, ­Belgian-Dutch cooperation for ­interoperability and organiza- the supply of 12 mine hunters. tion, concepts and doctrine, Photo: Lockheed Martin ­infrastructures and logistics.

18 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE Rohde & Schwarz radio communi- Arthur Support Contract cations at Singapore Changi Airport from South Korea The Civil Aviation Authority of mation and communications Saab has signed a contract with also participated in delivery of Singapore (CAAS) has awarded technology products, will South Korea’s Defence Acquisi- additional Arthur systems from a contract to Rohde & Schwarz, ­install more than 240 R&S tion Program Administration 2012 within a Technical Coop- to upgrade and expand the Air ­Series 4200 VHF/UHF radios (DAPA) regarding support for eration Programme­ (TCP) with Traffic Control (ATC)radio ­ at ­Changi, ­including at the new the Arthur Weapon ­Locating the Korean company LIG Nex1. communications system at radio stations­ to be built at System. This Performance ­Singapore Changi Airport. The Changi East. Besides providing Based Logistics (PBL) contract enhanced system will further ­high-quality voice connections includes spare parts supply strengthen safety for airlines between pilots and air traffic and support for the Republic of and passengers. As part of the controllers, these radios also ­Korea Army and Marine Corps. contract, Rohde & Schwarz is deploy a new techno­logy called The contract value is approxi- required to provide auxiliary Detection of Simultaneous­ mately 500 million SEK and the equipment, software, project Transmissions (DSiT). DSiT contract period 2018-2023. management, training as well as ­enables the detection and noti- Saab made the firstdelivery ­ after-sales services for a 15-year fication of simultaneousradio ­ of Arthur systems to South ­Korea period to CAAS. calls to air traffic controllers in 2009, and have had ­annual South Korea is the largest operator Rohde and Schwarz, a who can communicate with two support contracts for these sys- of Arthur Weapon Locating System. ­global manufacturer of infor- counterparts at the same time. tems in place since 2012. Saab Photo: Saab

UK launches Defence Arctic Black Hawk maintenance in Sweden Strategy Patria Helicopters AB has support of the Swedish Armed ­received an order for Hkp16 Forces Hkp16 Black Hawk UK Defence Secretary Gavin emerge, the significance of the (Black Hawk) maintenance helicopters’ maintenance in ­Williamson has launched a High North and Arctic region ­taking place in Linköping, Linköping. The agreement cov- new Defence Arctic Strategy to increases. ­Sweden as the Swedish Defence ered the period 2015-2017 with ­address the increasing oppor­ -Russia, with more sub­ Materiel Administration FMV an option for extension through tunities and threats present in marines operating under the was realising their option. 2020. Estimated value of the the region. ice and ambitions to build over Patria and the FMV signed agreement, including options, The change in natural 100 facilities in the Arctic, are an agreement in 2014 on the was approximately 25 MEUR. environment­ in the Arctic and ­staking a claim and militarising High North makes the region the region.­ We must be ready more accessible, significantlyto deal with all threats as they Guided munition changing the security environ- emerge. ment and increasing the need for As part of the Defence ­Arctic for Carl-Gustaf system military defence. Strategy, British Royal Marines The US Army has awarded a ment to upgrade and enhance The new strategy will help will carry out cold weather contract to Saab and Raytheon the capability of the Carl-Gustaf enhance the focus of the UK ­training in collaboration with to demonstrate a new Carl- weapon. Ministry of Defence (MoD) on Norway. Gustaf weapon system guided The ammunition features the Arctic region, and will put The strategy will be inte- munition. advanced warhead that pene­ the Arctic and the High North grated into the defence plan of Under the deal, the two trates light armour, bunkers and central under the security of the Norway, providing British troops companies will jointly demon- concrete structures while mini- country. with an opportunity to train strate the ability of the guid- mising collateral damage. Williamson said: -As the ice alongside a major allied nation. ed munition with three all- ­­ Built by Saab, the man-­ melts and new shipping routes Next year, four Eurofighter up-round test firings against portable, shoulder-launched Typhoon combat jets will be threat-representative targets. Carl-Gustaf is used by the US deployed by the UK Royal Air The new munition has been Army and other ground forces Force (RAF) for the first time to designed to address a US Special of more than 40 other countries. patrol Icelandic skies, enabling Operations Command require- the country to work in close ­collaboration with allies to deter­ aerial threats to Euro Atlantic ­security. In 2020, a new fleet of P-8 Poseidon sub-hunting aircraft will be deployed to help combat Royal Navy submarine HMS Tren- a wide range of emerging threats chant breaks through the ice at the and address the increasing The munition is intended to enable ground troops to engage multiple targets Arctic. Photo: Royal Navy/ Crown ­submarine activity in the Arctic. precisely at distances up to 2,000m, including moving targets. Photo: Saab

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 19 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE Carl-Gustaf ammunition Gripen Proposal to Bulgaria from Estonia On 1 October, the Swedish Sweden, South Africa, Hungary, Saab has received an order from The order is placed under a Defence­ Material Administration­ Czech Republic and Thailand. the Estonian Centre for Defence Framework Agreement signed submitted the Swedish Gripen With Gripen, NATO ­member Investment on ammunition for with the Swedish Defence proposal to the Bulgarian Min- states Czech Republic and the Carl-Gustaf system. The ­Materiel Administration where istry of Defence. The Swedish ­Hungary successfully partici­ order value is 186 MSEK and Estonia has the possibility to offer consists of eight new fully pate in NATO missions and deliveries will be made during place orders from Saab. NATO-interoperable Gripen joint exercises with other NATO 2018-2019. C/D fighter aircraft to equip the countries. Bulgarian Air Force. The Swedish offer ­consists Patria acquired Patricomp of eight new NATO inter­ operable Gripen aircraft with from Spanish Aernnova the latest MS20 configuration, Patria Aerostructures Oy, a fully­ ­assemblies. Patricomp net sales which can be delivered to the owned subsidiary of Patria Oyj, were 6.6 million euros in 2017. Bulgarian Air Force within a completed the acquisition of all Patricomp is located in Halli, short time period, with the first the shares in Patricomp Oy from Jämsä and employs some 50 aircraft delivered within 24 Aerometallic Com­ponents SAU. employees. The parties have months of contract signature. Patricomp ­operates in aircraft agreed not to disclose the final Training of pilots and techni- sheet metal part manufacturing,­ transaction value. cians is included and with the surface treatments and offer full QRA capability will be achieved within the budget framework. The development of the Gripen C/D is on-going and the system will re- Patria launched a new vehicle - Gripen C/D is in operational main operational for at least another Patria 6x6 service with the air forces of 30 years. Photo: Saab Patria 6X6 is a successor to the Boarding and leaving the Pasi Armoured Personnel ­Carrier 6X6 is easy. In addition to the and to complement the vehicle crew of 2-3 persons, the vehicle IAI wins robotics contract fleets of customers of the legen­ has seats for ten combat troops, Israel Aerospace Industries The new autonomous dary Patria AMV 8X8. Patria depending on its purpose and (IAI) won a contract for conver- ­system mounted on the 6X6 is a multipurpose transport layout. sion of Caterpillar Dozers into ­Caterpillar Dozer’s, be- vehicle. The chassis structure is auto­nomous dozers that will longs to a family of robotic based on the same components PATRIA 6X6 be commissioned for complex ­solutions developed­ by IAI. It as the AMV, but with one less ­engineering tasks in ­threaten incor­ porates­ IAI’s robotic­ tech- axle. The vehicle is driven by all Length: 7.5 m ­areas. This is a significantnology, which can be integrated­ three axles and steered from the Height: 2.5 m ­military ­robotics contract re- in a range of ­platforms based front two, or all three, depend- Width: 2.9 m flecting the preparations under- on the customer’s operational ing on its equipage. Optional Maximum total weight: taken for the challenges posed needs. equipage can be added to bring 24 000 kg by the future battlefield. the 6X6 closer to the AMV. For Top speed: 100 km/h example, various ballistic and Swimming capability: mine protection levels, weapon optional systems, self-protection systems Fording depth: 1.5 m and other interior equipment are Rang: 700 km available. Engine power: 294 kW

The new Patria 6x6 Photo: Patria Photo: IAI

20 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE GlobalEye off to a flying Additional Argus soldier start during 2018 systems to Canada Saab’s GlobalEye has achieved a force commanders ­managing The Canadian Armed Forces with 1,632 units slated for number of significant milestones ­combined air, sea and land have exercised options under ­delivery this year. in 2018, commencing­ with the operations.­ the Integrated Soldier System rollout of the first aircraft in The development and pro- Project (ISSP) to procure an February 2018. Global­Eye is duction contract for GlobalEye ­additional 1,256 Rheinmetall an Airborne Early Warning & was awarded at the Dubai Air Argus soldier systems, which Control (AEW&C) aircraft that Show November 2015 by the will be delivered in 2019. This is a true swing role multi-mis- United Arab Emirates with an order is worth CAD22 million sion solution. It combines mul- initial order for two systems. An (14.3 million Euro). tiple sensors and sophisticated additional order by the UAE for The Canadian govern- data fusion into an intuitive a third system was announced in ment initially contracted with ­mission system­ on the Bombar- 2017. GlobalEye brings extended­ ­Rheinmetall to start the qualifi­ dier Global 6000 jet with fully detection range, endurance and cation phase of the Canadian networked communications.­ the ability to perform multiple Army’s Integrated Soldier This capa­bility gives flexibility roles with one solutvion, in­ ­System (ISS) in 2015, which across the full mission spectrum cluding tasks such as search & it has successfully completed in peacetime to warfighting, rescue, border surveillance and in the meantime. The final and particularly benefits joint military operations. ­production phase of the Argus soldier system is now underway,­ Photo: Rheinmetall

Upgraded TOW anti-tank missile The US Army has awarded more capability, said Raytheon a contract to Raytheon for Land Warfare Systems vice- the development­ of a new president Kim Ernzen. ­propulsion system for the tube- The TOW missile is a long- launched, optically tracked, range, heavy-assault precision Photo: Saab wire-guided (TOW) missile. anti-armour, anti-fortification Valued at $21m, the ­contract and anti-amphibious landing will involve per­formance en- weapon system used by forces Autonomous IEDs Detection and hancements and upgrades to the across the world. anti-tank missile for a period­ of The upgrade programmes Neutralization System three years. will help the missile remain in Israel Aerospace Industries has placed and hidden in complex Through the contract, the US army’s inventory until completed the development of areas, engage and remove them ­performance upgrades will be 2050. an autonomous improvised ex- as necessary using the blade integrated into all variants of To date, Raytheon has de­ plosive device detection (IED’s) installed on the vehicle. The the TOW weapon system, in­ livered more than 690,000 system. The system, is a robotic system operation, maneuver cluding the top and direct TOW missiles to the US and engineering scout, installed on and detection are done autono- ­attack 2B, direct attack 2A and ­allied warfighters and is de- a robotic platform made by IAI, mously without danger to hu- Bunker Buster missiles. ployed with more than 20 inter- and integrates a combination of man life. The system is sched- -Improving TOW’s pro­ national armed forces and inte- multiple sensors, for detecting uled to be transferred for trial pulsion system will increase grated on to more than 15,000 improvised explosive devices. and evaluation purposes. range and deliver enhanced ground, vehicle and helicopter The system is detecting IEDs protection for ground troops platforms. while providing them with

An explosive device detection system of the SAHAR family installed on a “LR-II” vehicle Photo: IAI Raytheon’s TOW missile Photo: US Army

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 21 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE Lithuania Upgrades RBS 70 A thousand more trucks Saab has received two orders NG. Nineteen countries have for Australia from the Ministry of National ­procured more than 1,600 RBS Rheinmetall has been selected­ in earlier phase of the project, Defence Republic of Lithuania 70 systems, including more to supply the Australian 3B, under which it is currently for improved missiles and BORC than 18,000 missiles. ­Defence Force with more than ­supplying Australia with 2,500 night-capability sights for the a ­thousand additional ­military medium- and heavyweight RBS 70 system. The ­order value trucks and modules. The ­military trucks worth a total of amounts to ­approximately SEK ­contract is worth 430 million 1.2 billion Euro. 100 million and deliveries are Euro. The Commonwealth of expected to take place starting Australia has thus acted on a in 2019. procurement decision already The Lithuanian Armed announced in July 2018. Forces are already users of the Delivery is scheduled to RBS 70 system and are now commence in 2019 and be acquiring improved capability ­complete in 2024. with greater range, higher alti- The latest purchase forms tude coverage and an enhanced part of Australia’s Land 121 effect against armored targets as Phase 5B project. Rheinmetall well as night time capability. has already proved its mettle Photo: Rheinmetall The Saab portfolio of very short-range ground based air defence missile systems ­comprises of the RBS 70 and India conducts flight tests of Photo: Saab the further enhanced RBS 70 Agni 5 ballistic missile

India has successfully flight target with an enhanced tested the long-range ­ballistic speed supported by the earth’s HSwMS Gotland Relaunched missile Agni 5 from Abdul gravitational­ pull. ­After Mid-Life Upgrade ­Kalam Island, formerly known The missile path is as Wheeler Island, off the ­accurately determined by the Odisha­ coast. advanced on-board computer After a comprehensive mid-life MLU OF GOTLAND Indigenously developed and inertial navigation system. upgrade (MLU) to meet to­ by the Defence Research and On 19 April 2012, ­India Length overall: 62 m morrow’s naval challenges, the Development­ Organisation conducted the first test of Beam: 6.2 m submarine HSwMS Gotland has (DRDO), the missile took Agni 5, while the second was Displacement: 1580 tons been relaunched and is ready to off from mobile launch pad ­conducted on 15 September (surfaced) start her sea trials. ­number four of the Integrated 2013, the third on 31 January Weapons: Torpedoes, Due to this MLU, the bow tubes, swim-out Test Range in the Bay of Bengal, 2015, fourth on 26 ­December defence sources said. 2016, and the fifth on 18 ­Gotland submarine has capa- Propulsion: Single-shaft, bilities that will be found in the diesel-electric and Stirling During the sixth flight­January this year. next generation of Swedish sub- AIP test, the entire range of radars,­ marines, the A26. Endurance: Weeks electro-optical­ tracking stations­ The Gotland was designed (submerged) and telemetry stations followed and built by Kockums in Hull: Single pressure hull, the weapon throughout the Malmö in the early 1990’s and two pressure tight compart- course of the trajectory, reported­ commissioned in 1996. The ments the Press Trust of India (PTI). mid-life modification consists Crew: 25 According to a DRDO of upgrades of onboard systems Mid-life Upgrade: Submarine ­official, the Agni 5 trial ­tested and technology, sustaining the is cut open in the mid-tank several new home-grown section, adding a new submarine’s operability, and ­section including sea water techno­logies, such as navigation ensuring service to Sweden be- cooling, fresh water cooling, systems, very high accuracy yond 2025. water chiller units Ring Laser Gyro based inertial The upgrade process entails­ Improved capabilities; navigation system (RINS) and many important systems, such Stirling AIP MkIII, Masts, the advanced micro navigation as the Stirling Air Independent Sensors, Communication, system (MINS). Special Ops Propulsion (AIP). Sensors and With a strike range of management system are re- New rules and regulations: 5,000km, the missile is ­capable IMO, Security, Crew Comfort placed with updated versions. of turning towards the earth End-of-life and obsoles- Even the traditional optical after reaching the peak of its cence issues: Combat and Agni 5 missile flight testing. Photo: periscope is replaced with a Ship’s Management Systems trajectory and continuing its Press Information Bureau/Govern- new optronic mast. journey towards the intended­ ment of India/Ministry of Defence

22 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE US Navy welcomes IMP AEROSPACE AWARDED P-3 Triton UAS to fleet ORION MAINTENANCE CONTRACT Northrop Grumman’s MQ- The aircraft can be piloted IMP Aerospace has been award- The P-3 Orion aircraft 4C Triton unmanned aircraft from a ground station and is ed a contract by the Norwegian ­perform strategic patrol ­system (UAS) has been officially capable of flying for up to 24 Defence Logistics Organisation ­missions for the RNoAF in the welcomed into the US Navy hours, reaching altitudes of up (NDLO) following an inter­ detection of submarine threats, fleet, marking the beginning of to 55,000ft (ca 17.000 meters) national competitive bidding search and rescue support, its flight operations. It is primarily based on process for the maintenance of ­littoral surveillance, as well as Naval Base Ventura County the Global Hawk UAS system the P-3 Orion Maritime ­Patrol economic zone and shipping (NBVC) Point Mugu serves and its autonomous operations Aircraft fleet operated by the lane protection off the coast of as home to the maintenance are supported by land-based Royal Norwegian Air Force Norway. ­detachment of the US Navy’s ­command and control mission (RNoAF). This multi-year con- IMP Aerospace has de- first unmanned patrol­squadron, planners and sensor operators. tract includes additional In-Ser- veloped a close relationship ­Unmanned Patrol Squadron Additionally, the MQ-4C vice Support (ISS) work beyond with the RNoAF over the past (VUP)-19 DET Point Mugu. Triton is equipped with a robust maintenance inspections and will ­decade and has a solid working Maintenance personnel are mission sensor suite that offers be performed at IMP’s operations know­ledge of their P-3 aircraft currently carrying out training 360° coverage on all sensors in in Halifax, Nova Scotia. maintenance­ requirements. and tests on the MQ-4C Triton order to offer unprecedented system before its planned deploy- maritime domain awareness for ment to Guam later this year. the US Navy. Point Mugu has completely renovated an existing hangar Airbus collaborates with Wilhelmsen­ in order to accommodate up to to develop unmanned aircraft four Triton UAS units, which feature a 42 meters wingspan. ­systems for maritime deliveries The first two aircraft are cur- Airbus and Wilhelmsen Ships procedures. Wilhelmsen, with rently situated at Point Mugu. Service have entered into a its wealth of experience in ship The MQ-4C Triton is an ­strategic collaboration to drive agency services, will develop unmanned intelligence, surveil- the development of an end-to- and provide customer services, The first two operational MQ- lance and reconnaissance air- 4C Triton aircraft at Naval Base end service for safe deliveries of and ensure compliance of the craft featuring an autonomous ­Ventura County, Point Mugu. parcels with an unmanned air- UAS operations with maritime capability. Photo: Northrop Grumman craft system (UAS), in the mari- safety and security regulations. time industry. In the project, The initial two-week shore- named Skyways, shore-to ship to-ship pilot trial will begin pilot trials, is ecpected to com- in the third quarter of 2018, US DoD and Lockheed mence in third quarter of 2018 ­delivering parcels to vessels­ cut F-35 price Skyways is an experi­ ­anchored off the coast of mental project aimed at devel- ­Singapore – one of the world’s The US Department of Defense ing variant has been reduced oping a safe and commercially busiest ports. Command and (DoD) has awarded an $11.5bn by 5.7% to $115.5m from ­viable aerial unmanned delivery delivery centres will be set up contract to Lockheed Martin $122.4m in the previous year. ­system for use in dense urban at the pier to facilitate the de- for the production and delivery The F-35C unit cost in LRIP ­cities in its first trial phase. The liveries, with an initial delivery of a total of 141 units of F-35 11 was cut down by 11.1% to project is being led by a team in range of up to 3km from the Lightning II joint strike fighter $107.7m from the $121.2m Singapore, where plans are pro- shoreline. A second delivery aircraft. unit cost for the carrier in LRIP gressing towards the launch of a station will be positioned at an The per unit price of the 10. first trial system at the National open space in Marina South F-35 has been reduced for the University of Singapore in July. to extend delivery coverage to 11th consecutive year, with the Under this collabora- more anchored vessels. cost this year being the lowest tion, Airbus is the overall Sky- While drones have already in the history of the aircraft de- ways system architect and been mooted as one way to de- velopment programme. ­provider, contributing its ex- liver items on shore and at sea, With the cut, the cost of pertise in aeronautical vertical the use of UAS in the maritime an F-35A aircraft in Low-Rate lift ­solutions and experiences industry shapes the possibility Initial Production Lot 11 (LRIP from its first trial phase, to to enlarge existing ship agency services’ portfolio, increase pro- 11) has been quoted at $89.2m, As production ramps up, and addi- ­develop the UAS for shore-to- including engine and fee, repre- tional cost savings initiatives are im- ship deliveries.­ The UAS is an ductivity by up to six times, senting a 5.4% reduction from plemented, Lockheed Martin aims to innovative­ system-of-systems lower delivery costs by up to the $94.3m per unit cost in reduce the cost of the F-35A to $80m that includes aviation-standard 90%, reduce carbon footprint, by 2020, which is equal to or less LRIP 10. than legacy aircraft, while providing UAVs, ground control stations, and significantly mitigate risks Similarly, the unit cost of a major leap in capability. air navigation systems, and of accidents associated with F-35B short-take-off and land- Photo: US Air Force/ J. Nimmo Sr. operational and maintenance launch-boat deliveries.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 23 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE Qatar makes NH90 helicopter Sea Giraffe on Five Classes of contract effective U.S. Ships The 3bn Euro contract for the Leonardo will provide Qatar­ Saab has received an order providing high-radiated­ power,­ delivery of 28 units of the NH90 with two different ­variants of from the U.S. Navy to supply­ selectable waveforms, and medium twin-engine multirole the NH90 multirole military the Sea Giraffe AMB Multi ­modern signal processing military helicopters to Qatar has ­helicopter, 12 NH90 NATO Mode Radar (MMR) for the to consistently achieve high become effective. Frigate Helicopter for naval­ Navy’s ­Expeditionary Sea Base ­performance across various The Ministry of Defence­ ­operations and 16 NH90 (ESB) class ship USNS Hershel marine­ environments. of Qatar has made the ­Tactical Transport Helicopter to “Woody” Williams, ESB 4. The The work will be carried out first ­advanced payment for the conduct land-based operations. sale also includes Saab’s 9LV during the period of 2018-2020 deal. Deliveries of the aircraft are Naval Combat System for radar at Saab in Gothenburg, Sweden Under the deal, Leonardo expected to commence before control and display delivering and Syracuse NY, U.S. serves as the overall prime June 2022 and will continue enhanced situational awareness ­contractor to the consortium until 2025. as well as Identification Friend NHIndustries and will be or Foe (IFF) capability. ­responsible for the complete The ship will be operated management of the entire NH90 by the U.S. Navy’s Military delivery programme. ­Sealift Command. In 2017, The contract for the 28 the U.S. selected Saab’s Sea NH90 military helicopters ­Giraffe MMR for the U.S. Coast ­between the Ministry of ­Defence Guard’s newest­ class of ship, of Qatar and the consortium the Offshore­ ­Patrol Cutter. The was signed on March 14th. Photo: NHINustries MMR is a 3D, ­electronically Sea Giraffe. Ill. Saab scanned phased array radar­

NH90 helicopter landings on UH-60M Black Hawk helicopters ships in open sea for Latvia The Royal Norwegian Navy has In the 1980s, the Neth- The Ministry of Defence of To be fitted with advanced tested NH90 ­helicopter landings­ erlands Navy selected NLR ­Latvia is planning to acquire combat weapons systems, the on ships in order to assess­ to develop­ a test method for four new UH-60M Black Hawk new UH-60M Black Hawk ship helicopter operational­ ­significantly reducing themedium-lift utility helicopters ­helicopters will provide the limitations.­ ­number of test hours at sea so from the US for a total value of ­Latvian armed forces with rapid Carried out in the North Sea, as to lower the costs of testing. approximately 175m Euro. response and lift capabilities, the navy successfully evaluated­ The method includes test- If purchased, the new Black thereby enabling the country to whether the NH90 military ing navy vessel models in a Hawk helicopters will replace reach its determined operational­ ­helicopters could land safely on DNW wind tunnel to obtain a the existing helicopter fleetgoals. two navy ships in open sea. picture of the airflow around while strengthening the Latvian The aircraft will also be The tests were completed the vessels.­ forces’ combat capabilities. ­capable of conducting troop and in one week and were overseen In addition to ensuring The potential intergovern- equipment lift, in addition to by NLR, together with Dutch cost-effective deployment of mental agreement between providing crisis support, medical­ company­ AeroMath. helicopters in civil and military the two countries will also evacuation, search and rescue, During the event, a total of tasks, the NLR method will help ­include purchase of associated and other support missions, 308 helicopter landings were ­ensure aircraft safety at sea. equipment and provision of ­including aerial firefighting, in performed, with an average of The second phase of the installation­ services. all weather conditions. one landing every four minutes. project involves shore-based Potentially to be co-­financed The National Armed Forces Tests were conducted using trials that expose helicopters to by the US from its support pro- of Latvia is expected to receive a method developed by Nether- different wind speeds on land. grammes, the deal will also its first set of UH-60M Black lands Aerospace Centre (NLR) include pilot training, crew Hawk helicopters in 2021. in collaboration with the Royal members and technical per- Netherlands Navy. sonnel, delivery of spare parts The method enabled the and maintenance, full technical­ Norwegian Navy to conduct the documentation and software trials at significantly ­lower costs licences.­ while providing the service­ Acquisition of the helicopters with a cost-effective solution­ will help strengthen compatibil- that would help enhance ity with the US forces stationed A UH-60 Black Hawk in Afghani- Flight deck officer overseeing NH90 stan. The Black Hawk is reliable the performance­ of civil and landing on board Norwegian vessel. in Latvia and continue the exist- ­helicopter, combat proven in a number ­military operations carried out Photo: Netherlands Aerospace ing joint training programmes of conflicts. using helicopters. Centre between the military units. Photo: Staff Sgt. V. Hall, U.S. Army

24 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE RAF’s Typhoons with New Smart Estonia launches competition to Self-Protection System develop new weapon systems Saab has received an order from ­aircraft types, and has been The Estonian Ministry of parameter for the competition is BAE Systems for development proven over several decades ­Defence (MoD) has launched to get at least three to four new of a new pyrotechnic smart ­including on active operations. a new competition for the and innovative products that ­self-protection system for the Saab has been a close ­development of future weapon can be marketed in Estonia and Eurofighter Typhoon aircraft­partner to the RAF for nearly systems. abroad”. to defeat radar- and IR-guided forty years, providing products­ The Defence Innovation The competition will see the threats. and services across the air ­power competition has been designed participation of companies that The order is part of a frame- spectrum. Counter-measure­ to encourage Estonian enter- are registered in Estonia. work agreement with BAE dispensing­ technologies­ have prises to come up with new The winning firms would ­Systems consisting of develop­ been ­provided­ by Saab to the ideas to produce high-export receive a government contri­ ment, production, support RAF, alongside ­leading edge potential weapons systems, bution of 500,000 Euro and and future sales of the Smart ­radars and sensors, for decades­ ammunition and munitions or will be responsible for carrying­ ­Dispenser System (SDS), a pyro­ to protect aircraft such as other associated products. out product development technic smart self-protection ­Harrier, Tornado and Typhoon. In July this year, the and testing­ with the Estonian system for the Royal Air Force’s ­Estonian Parliament passed the Defence­ Forces. (RAF) Typhoons and ­future amendment to the Weapons The total budget of the Eurofighter­ opportunities. Act allowing private enterprises ­projects is expected to reach SDS is the latest genera- in the country for the first time more than 1m Euro, while the tion in Saab´s BOP family of to produce and handle military maximum support for a single pyrotechnic countermeasure weapons and ammunition. project will be up to 200,000 ­dispensers. BOP is in-service Eurofighter Typhoon. The competition has Euro and state support can be a on fighters and other combat Photo: Jami Hunter been launched with an aim maximum of 45% of the cost of to promote­ the amendment the development project. to the weapons law and help The applications for the Rostec demonstrates operative ­strengthen Estonia’s defence competition are being ­evaluated passive exoskeletons for Russian industry­ sector. by a committee comprising Estonian Defence Ministry ­representatives from the MoD, Army chief defence industry officer defence forces, business organi­ Rostec has demonstrated its It helps support the musculo­ Eneli Saabas said: “Our success sations and outside experts. new operative passive exo­ skeletal system when a person skeletons for the first time to carries weights up to 50kg during be used for the Russian ­Army’s long marches and assaults. UK MoD relaunches tender for new-­generation of Ratnik The passive exoskeletons are combat­ suit. completely autonomous and re- the Type 31e frigate The Russian Army has quire no power sources, servo- The UK Ministry of Defence The MoD has now ­already trialled the exoskeletons motors, electronics and sensors. (MoD) has relaunched a tender ­confirmed that the plans to buy in combat environment condi- for the development of the Type the first batch of at least five tions. 31e frigate or General Purpose new Type 31e vessels remains Rostec Armament Cluster­ Frigate for the Royal Navy. unchanged. industrial director Sergey The MoD has confirmed According to the defence Abramov said: “This prototype that it has issued a prior infor- department, the five new ships has already been tested during mation notice for the construc- will be put into service with the real military operations. tion of the new Type 31e fleet. navy to replace the existing fleet Co-developed by the The plan to resume the of five Type 23 vessels. ­Central Research Institute for development­ programme The first vessel of the Precision Machine Building ­follows the UK MoD’s previous planned Type 31e frigates is (TSNIITOCHMASH), a part decision to suspend plans to ­expected to be in service with of Russia’s Rostec State, and acquire the proposed low-cost the UK Navy by 2023. GB Engineering, a fully opera- Type 31e frigate for the navy. tive passive exoskeleton helps increase physical abilities of a soldier, protects joints and the spine, and can be adjusted to the height of a soldier. Made of lightweight carbon­ fibre, the exoskeleton is a ­mechanical device with levers Operative exoskeleton for Russian and swivels in the shape of Army’s Ratnik combat suit. human­ joints. Photo: Anton Tushin/Rostec BAE concept for the Royal Navy’s Type 31 frigate. Ill: MatthewTarbard

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 25 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE And More Sea Giraffe AMB Australian Order for Carl-Gustaf M4 for U.S. Navy Saab has received an order major enhancements. These Saab has received an additional providing high-radiated ­power, for deliveries of the new Carl-­ include a lighter weight design order from the United States selectable waveforms, and Gustaf M4 multi-role weapon (weighing less than 7 kg), a (U.S.) Navy to supply the Sea modern signal pro­cessing to system to the Australian Army. round counter, ­improved safety­ Giraffe AMB Multi Mode ­Radar ­consistently deliver the highest­ This is Saab´s sixth customer and intelligent features, such as (MMR) for the U.S. Coast performance across various for the Carl-Gustaf M4 system compatibility with future­ intel- Guard’s newest class of ship, the maritime environments and since its launch in late 2014. ligent sighting systems­ and pro- Offshore Patrol Cutter (OPC). missions. Saab received the Deliveries will take place during grammable ­ammunition, which The MMR system is a three ­initial order for the MMR for the 2020. collectively offer significant dimensional, electronically Offshore Patrol Cutter from the The new version ­retains all operational improvements for scanned phased array radar U.S. Navy in 2017. the effectiveness and versatility­ the soldier. The weapon is fully of the proven Carl-Gustaf ­system backward compatible with all Saab to Upgrade Royal Thai Air while introducing­ a range of ammunition types. Force Air Command and Control System RBS15 Ship System for German Navy´s New Ships Saab has received an order from Erieye airborne early warning the Royal Thai Air Force to up- system and ­tactical data links. Saab has received an ­order Defence, industrial prime for grade Thailand’s national Air The ACCS upgrade from its German partner the RBS15 procurement in Command and Control System ­combines new hardware and Diehl Defence­ for the Anti- ­Germany. The contractor is a which is based on Saab’s 9AIR C4I. software that will sustain,­ Ship ­Missile RBS15 Mk3 ship German consortium of three Saab will upgrade and ­enhance and expand the ­system. The order value is shipyards named ARGE K-130. ­further enhance the Royal ­system’s nationwide capabilities ­approx. MSEK 160 with several The RBS15 missile ­system Thai Air Force’s Air Command for future operations. The work priced options related to Inte- family is one of the mar- and Control System (ACCS) will take place at Saab in Järfälla,­ grated Logistic Support (ILS) ket’s most flexible and effec- which is based on Saab’s 9AIR Sweden and the ­contract will and IT Security. Deliveries will tive armaments.­ For almost C4I product and has been run until 2020. take place during the period 30 years, the RBS15 missile in ­operation with the Royal 9AIR C4I is Saab’s ­tactical 2019 to 2024. ­family has provided fleets, Thai Air Force since 2010. air operations command and Recently the German Navy coastal ­batteries and air forces The ­system is a core part of control system. It provides made a procurement to buy ad- with advanced­ anti-ship capa- ­Thailand’s network centric­ air ­situational awareness and ditional K130 class ships, this bilities. The RBS15 is jointly defence capability which also ­complete control of weapons, order comprises onboard ship produced by Saab and Diehl includes Saab’s ­Gripen fighter, sensors and communications. systems for these. The order Defence GmbH & Co and contains the necessary infra- serves with armed forces from Russia’s Tupolev delivers upgraded­ structure to equip the ships Sweden, Finland, Germany, with the RBS15 missiles. The ­Poland, Croatia, Thailand and Tu-22M3M missile carrier bomber order was received from Diehl an undisclosed country. United Aircraft Corporation’s In addition, the aircraft has Tupolev has delivered the first been installed with a new navi- Australia orders 211 Boxer fully upgraded Tu-22M3M long- gation, communication, aiming range missile carrier bomber to equipment, engines and fuel wheeled armoured vehicles the Russian Aerospace Forces for mechanisation control, as well Australia has awarded Rhein- Rheinmetall is co-operating series of ground and flight tests. as an electronic warfare facility. metall an order for 211 Boxer closely with Australian defence The upgraded Tu-22M3M Designed as the modified wheeled armoured vehicles industry and more than 40 missile carrier bomber was variant of Tupolev’s Tu-22M3, worth a total of 2.1 billion Euro ­Australian companies will be launched during an official cere­ the Tu-22M3M bomber is a (AUD3.3 billion). included in the programme. mony held at Kazan aviation multimode aircraft equipped The Boxer vehicle is already­ plant, an affiliate of Tupolev. with different armaments such in service with, or ­being As part of the aircraft as cruise missiles, free-fall and ­procured by, the armed forces ­modernisation, the Tu-22M3M guided bombs. of Germany, the Netherlands bomber has been fitted with and Lithuania. The ­Australian an advanced digital avionics­ Armed Forces ­introduce several­ system based on the domestic­ variants of the Boxer with hardware components, along the reconnaissance variant­ with an advanced­ on-board – ­accounting for 133 of the information and control 211 vehicles – equipped with system with digital indication Tupolev’s Tu-22M3M long-range ­Rheinmetall’s Lance turret in the cabin and crew intelligent missile carrier bomber. ­system and armed with a 30mm assistant­ functions. Photo: PJSC Tupolev automatic cannon.

26 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 T-X AIRCRAFT U.S. AIR FORCE SELECTS SAAB SAAB RECEIVES ORDER Saab Receives Order from Boeing for the AND BOEING T-X TRAINER Advanced Pilot Training Aircraft T-X Saab has received an order from Boeing for The U.S. Air Force has awarded Boeing USD 9.2 billion for the the Engineering and Manufacturing Develop- ment (EMD) phase for the Advanced Pilot development of a new advanced pilot training system that will Training Aircraft, T-X. The value of this order help train fighter and bomber pilots for generations to come. is approximately MUSD 117.6. The order will run until 2022. Boeing is the designated prime contractor for the Advanced The T-X programme is divided into multiple Pilot Training Program. Saab is a risk-sharing partner with phases. This order concerns the first phase, Boeing in the development of the T-X aircraft. At this stage, EMD, in which Saab and Boeing industrialise the T-X aircraft together with the customer. Saab has not received an order from Boeing. EMD includes testing, U.S. military flight ­certification and delivery of five jets. The his selection allows our two The initial USD 813 million EMD phase will be followed by a serial companies to deliver on a ­contract to Boeing covers the engineering production phase. -T ­commitment we jointly made and manufacturing development (EMD) of nearly five years ago, says Håkan the first five aircraft and seven simulators. Buskhe, President and CEO of Saab. Saab and Boeing designed, Boeing is now clear to begin ­placing -It is a ­major accomplishment for our ­developed, and flight-tested two all-new, orders with its suppliers, including Saab. partnership with Boeing and our joint purpose-built jets - proving out the system’s­ More than 90 percent of Boeing’s offering team, and I look forward­ to delivering design and repeatability in manufacturing­ will be made in America, supporting more the first trainer aircraft­ to the U.S. Air and training capability. than 17,000 jobs in 34 states. Force.

Boeing/Saab T-X landing gear. The aircraft is powered by The aircraft was first revealed a General Electric F404 afterburning on 13 September 2016. The first Boeing/ The Boeing/Saab T-X is a single-engine ­turbofan engine. The twin-tails provide Saab TX-1 aircraft flew on December 20th ­advanced jet-trainer with a twin tail, better stability and control and the aircraft 2016. ­tandem seating, and a retractable ­tricycle is ­capable of in-flight refuelling.

T-X TRAINER, SPECIFICATIONS National origin: Sweden/United States Manufacturer: Boeing/ Saab Group Status: Development Number built: 2 Crew: 2 Engine: 1 × General Electric F404 Afterburning­ turbofan, 11,000 lbf (49 kN) thrust dry, 17,700 lbf (79 kN) with afterburner

T-X PROGRAM The T-X program has been established to the F-35 Lightning II. The Air Force first viewed The Air Force has been considering of enable the United States Air Force to buy a this as unnecessary and costly, but industry ­adapting the T-X aircraft to perform light new two-seat jet trainer for fast-jet training to analysis showed it to be cheaper in the long ­attack and close air support, as replacement replace the Northrop T-38 Talon; the average run. The aircraft and simulation system will of the A-10 Thunderbolt II. However, in 2016, age of the T-38 fleet is over 50 years. About have to fulfill several basic training roles; the Air Force decided to pursue other aircraft 350 aircraft are expected to be ordered to basic aircraft control, airmanship, formation, for the close air support role. replace the T-38, but further purchases could instrument and navigation, advanced air-to-air, push the overall purchase to over 1,000. advanced air-to-ground, and advanced crew/ cockpit resource management. Furthermore, The USAF’s has been developing require- there are five advanced training roles that the ments for the T-38 replacement program since system is expected to fulfill; sustained high-G 2003. operations at 6.5–7.5g, aerial refuelling,­ night The driving requirements for the new trainer vision imaging systems operations, air-to-air will be to help prepare pilots­ for the increased intercepts, and data-link operations. complexity in some areas, particularly Program requirements focus on life-cycle ­information management, that are a part of fifth A T-38 Talon over Edwards Air Force base. costs rather than just purchase price. generation jet fighters like the F-22 Raptor and Photo: U.S. Department of Defense

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 27 T-X AIRCRAFT

PREVIOUS CONTENDERS FOR THE T-X PROGRAM

Leonardo T-100 Stavatti Javelin Italian aerospace company Leonardo S.p.A. (formerly ­Alenia Stavatti Aerospace announced on 31 March 2017 it Aermacchi) is part of a bid with its M-346 Master. The ­sub­mitted the Javelin for the T-X competition. The Javelin ­company was offering a variant of the aircraft as the “­Leonardo is a new single-engine, two-seat, military­ trainer jet and DRS T-100 Integrated­ Training System” for the competition. Very Light Fighter (VLF) aircraft derived from the Aviation Alenia anticipated ­moving the final assembly location from ­Technology Group Javelin Mk-30. Italy to the United States if it won the ­competition.

M-346 Master Photo: Gian Marco Anzellotti Javlin Ill. Stavatti Aerospace

Lockheed Martin/KAI T-50 Golden Eagle

Lockheed Martin with Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) ­proposed their KAI T-50 Golden Eagle, which first flew in 2002, for the T-X program. While the T-50 was explicitly designed­ and built for the South Korean trainer ­requirement, Lockheed Martin officials acknowledged that the aircraft was designed with ­replacing the Northrop T-38 Talon in mind. Lockheed and KAI proposed the T-50 with few changes in the avionics. I addition the proposed T-50 trainer had the ability for aerial refuelling, Plans were in place to build a new assembly line in the United States for manufacturing the T-50 for the United States Air Force instead of ­manufacturing them in South ­Korea, should the Lockheed Martin/KAI team win the contract. Korean KAI T-50 Photo: Korean Air Force

Sierra Nevada/TAI Freedom Textron Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC) and Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) were also considering offering a new AirLand ­aircraft for the T-X program based on TAI Hurjet trainer. Scorpion The ­companies formed the Freedom Aircraft Ventures LLC in Centennial, Colorado to develop a lightweight, Textron AirLand­, Textron AirLand Scorpion ­all-­composite trainer for the competition. a joint venture­ Ill: Textron/Airwolfhound between Textron­ and AirLand­ Enterprises, developed the Textron Air- Land ­Scorpion light ­attack jet which had potential as a ­candidate for the T-X ­program. Textron stated that with some ­modifications, such as swapping the two engines with a single engine and changing­ the wings, the aircraft would be an ideal match for the T-X role. However, in September 2015 Textron AirLand revealed it would not offer a version of the Scorpion for the program due to changing Air Force requirements, moving from a low-cost advanced jet trainer requiring little development to a high-performance trainer. TAI Hurjet Photo: TAI

28 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 T-X AIRCRAFT

Northrop Grumman/ BAE Systems Northrop Grumman with partners BAE Systems, L-3 Communications,­ and Rolls-Royce, initially had intentions of proposing an updated version of the Hawk T2/128 for the T-X program. Northrop Grumman assumed prime responsibilities for the team in 2014. Although the basic Hawk (T1) design dates back to the 1970s, the only parts shared Hawk T2/128 Photo: BAE systems between the T1 and T2 versions­ are the canopy and airbrake, making the T2 ­version essentially a new aircraft. The Northrop Grumman team was expecting this to be a low-risk, low-cost strategy for the ­competition. However, in 2015, it was reported Northrop ­Grumman had secretly begun a new clean-sheet design to closely match the evolving T-X requirements. On 19 August 2016 in Mojave,­ Northrop Grumman publicly revealed a model of its T-X concept powered by a single GE F404- 102D engine. On 1 February 2017, the companies announced they would not submit a proposal for the T-X program. Northrop Grumman T-X concept Ill: Northrop Grumman

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101

Helikopteret AW101 er klasseledende i den mellomstore til tunge kategorien helikopter, og har fl øyet mer 420.000 timer, i oppdrag over hele veden, fra Arktis til Antarktis. Helikopteret er designet for å tilfredsstille de strengeste kravene til rekkevidde, nyttelast, ytelse og sikkerhet under de aller mest krevende forhold. AW101 har oppvist en e ektiv rekkevidde på over 900 nautiske mil, kan etterfylle drivsto i luften, kan frakte opptil 38 soldater på kollisjonssikre seter, og er utstyrt med det nyeste av instrumentering for å minimalisere pilotenes arbeidsbelastning og oppnå maksimal sikkerhet. Kostnadse ektiv, livsløpsdekkende support er tilgjengelig sammen med omfattende brukeropplæring basert på bred operativ erfaring, for å oppnå e ektiv drift og operativ suksess. AW101 er inspirert av visjonen, kreativiteten og skaperevnen til den store mesteroppfi nneren: Leonardo bidrar fremdeles til å skape morgendagens teknologi.

leonardocompany.com MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 Helicopters | Aeronautics | Electronics, Defence & Security Systems | Space 29

M-18-0144 MilitaerTeknikk AW101.indd 1 13/09/2018 10:45:19 EMBT

The EMBT, or European Main Battle Tank. The EMBT combines the chassis of Germany’s Leopard 2A7 tank with the turret of France’s Leclerc. Photo: KNDS Group EUROPEAN MAIN BATTLE TANK

This summer, the French- German KNDS Group (Krauss-Maffei 130MM TANK GUN Wegmann + Nexter Defense Systems) presented the European The German company Rheinmetall Main Battle Tank, or EMBT. The EMBT combines the chassis of unveiled in 2016 a demonstrator of a 130mm smoothbore gun for a future main Germany’s Leopard 2A7 tank with the turret of France’s Leclerc. battle tank. According to the company, the increase of 8 percent in calibre results in a plus of 50 percent more kinetic energy over s of today, the EMBT is a techno­ (central France), where Leclerc production the 120mm gun from Rheinmetall, installed logy demonstrator, but with was originally undertaken. in thousands of tanks worldwide. ­further development, the EMBT is The EMBT has undertaken mobility­ A The 130mm gun, which was financed according to KNDS a short-term response trials and firing trials with 22 rounds fired entirely by Rheinmetall, weighs more than to the operational need of the market for from the 120mm smoothbore gun. 3.5 tons, compared to the approximately high-intensity battle tanks. According to French media, Italy has 3-ton 120mm gun, and uses a cartridge of Because the EMBT was put to­ expressed interest in purchasing the EMBT. more than 30 kilograms at about 1.3 meters long. Given these enhanced parameters, gether from the components of existing Rheinmetall believes the weapon can only vehicles, the prototype was completed less The Main Ground Combat be used with an automatic loader and a than three years after KNDS was formed. System project new turret design. The hull, engine and entire ­chassis While the EMBT is just a ­demonstration Since 2016, the 130mm demonstrator has comes from the Leopard 2A7 and were project, it does position KNDS as a been used in further development efforts. ­modified to host the compact and lightturret ­ ­contender for the next European tank. In a direct live fire comparison with the with automatic loading from the Leclerc. France and Germany have since 2012 standard 120mm L55/L55A1, the energy and The standard Leopard 2A7 has a teamed up for the Main Ground Combat output were confirmed. The trials included firing against targets with modern armour. three-person turret armed with a manually System, which will replace the Leopard loaded 120mm smoothbore gun, whereas 2 and Leclerc around 2035. But several The medium-term objective is the the Leclerc turret is fitted with a 120mm ­commentators note that the date could fabrication of an unmanned 130mm demonstrator turret featuring automated smoothbore gun fed by a bustle-mounted well be brought forward, as the designs of ammunition loader, intended not only for use automatic loader. both the Leclerce and the Leopard 2A are in the Main Ground Combat System (MGCS) The Leclerc turret is lighter getting old, and at some point upgrading project, but which can also be offered as a and more compact, which reduces the will no longer be an alternative. combat performance upgrade to all Leopard ­combined weight by six tons. This means France and Germany are also work- 2 user nations. that the lighter turret leaves about 6 tons ing on the Common Indirect Fire System, a of extra weight capacity that customers can self-propelled artillery piece that will replace use to carry additional equipment. the German PzH2000, a tracked 155-milli- The chassis and turret were meter howitzer, and the French CAESAR, a ­integrated at Nexter’s facility at Roanne wheeled 155-millimeter piece. 130mm tank gun Photo: Rheinmetall

30 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 HMG

HEAVY MACHINE GUN FOR THE NORWEGIAN ARMED FORCES

The Norwegian Defence Material Agency (NDMA) is currently Possible candidates evaluating candidates for new 12.7 millimetre heavy machine The names of the companies competing for the Norwegian heavy machine gun gun (HMG) for the Norwegian armed forces. contract have not been officially published. However, over the years, a number he NDMA is planning on entering­ a Protector Nordic Mounts, and RWS Sea of companies all over the world have been 7-year framework agreement with ­Protector Mounts. Candidates offering ­making 12.7 mm machineguns, mainly Ta single supplier. The ­estimated a machine gun that is adaptable to these based on older designs. As of today, it is volume is up to 1300 heavy machine guns, mounts, can be expected to hold an probably only a few companies that deliver corresponding to the renewal of all 12.7 ­advantage in the competition. upgraded and modern 12.7 mm machine mm heavy machine guns in the armed guns. The EMBT, or European Main Battle Tank. The EMBT combines the chassis of Germany’s Leopard 2A7 tank with the turret of France’s Leclerc. Photo: KNDS Group forces’ inventory. The first order under the The M2 Browning Of these, the most likely European framework agreement, however, will have M2 Browning 12.7 x 99 mm Machine Gun contender to the Norwegian contract is an estimated maximum volume of 1100 (Browning .50 Calibre Machine Gun) is a probably the Belgium based FN Herstal units. heavy machine gun designed towards the with their FN M2HB-QBC (QCB= Quick In addition, the supplier must end of World War I by John Browning. It Change Barrel). FN Herstal has previously ­commit to providing weapons and spare has a long combat history, and was much delivered light machineguns (MINIMI) to parts for a period of 15 years after the last used during World War II, the Korean War, the Norwegian Army. order is placed. the Vietnam War, the Falklands War, the In the US, General Dynamics worked Soviet-Afghan War, the Gulf War, the Iraq on an upgrading program for their 12.7 Ammunition War and the War in Afghanistan in the mm machine gun, but this program was The new HMG must be able to use all 2000s and 2010s. It is the primary heavy ­terminated in 2012. That leaves the rather ­standard 12.7 x 99 millimetre (Cal. 50) machine gun of NATO countries. minor company Ohio Ordnance Works ammunition. As of today, Norway is ­mainly The M2 12.7 x 99mm Heavy with their 0.50 m2hb QCB as a possible US using NAMMO ammunition, ­including ­machine gun in the Norwegian armed ­contender for the Norwegian contract. the NAMMO 12.7 mm Multi Purpose forces, commonly just referred to as the Outside NATO, the South Korean ammunition.­ “twelve-seven”, was manufactured from company S&T Dynamics has for decades The Norwegian Armed Forces 1940 to 1993, based on an upgraded design been making the American M2 Browning ­currently uses their 12.7 millimetre heavy from the 1930’s. The rate of fire of the Nor- Heavy Machine Gun under licence, named machine guns on NM 152 (Vinghøg/­ wegian version of the “twelve-seven” is 450- the K6 in Korea. The Koreans has in recent Rheinmetall) soft mounts, Kongsberg 575 rounds per minute, and the maximum years done significant design upgrades on RWS (Remote controlled Weapon Station)­ practical fire range is about 2000 meters. their K6 heavy machine gun.

The FN Herstal M2HB-QBC is an example of a modern 12.7mm HMG. Photo: FN Herstal

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 31 MAUD

MAUD MAY NOT REACH HOME FOR CHRISTMAS

The Norwegian Defence Materiel Agency is in the final stages of resolving the task we have been given with the procurement of the logistics ship “Maud”, and the vessel is nearing completion at the shipyard of Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering in South Korea.

e are currently in the phase where we are ­running – W­quality assurance­ to ensure that the vessel may be entered into ­operations with all safety and security issues­ well in hand, while also ­verifying that the ­vessel possesses the qualities and properties that are both required­ and contracted, says the head of Maritime­ ­Capabilities, Flag Commander Thomas­ T. ­Wedervang. – A sailing was done in September­ as a final stage of the test and ­verification ­programme, and the formal delivery of the vessel is expected to be made shortly after this. – The Armed Forces will carry out the ­necessary training and check-out of personnel­ ­before the home voyage. We are confident that the Navy will be taking delivery of a very ­high-quality vessel that will offer the Navy and the frigates in particular­ greater operational­ endurance­ as a result­ of the ­enhanced provisioning­ capacity, both ­nationally and as a support vessel to NATO operations.­ Soon after the takeover, the voyage home will begin, and the cruise is planned to take about 90 days. During the voyage home, ­testing of the vessel­ will continue, alongside training and ­exercising of the crew. The “Maud” will ­accordingly not arrive in Norway until about The logistic vessel KNM Maud will be by far the largest ship in the Norwegian Navy. Christmas time. Photo: Norwegian Navy

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32 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 4-5/2018 B:216 mm T:210 mm S:186 mm

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