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SOURCES RELATED TO KOREA, KOREAN CHRISTIANITY, AND KOREAN HISTORY

BOOKS Bae, Bonchul. 1997. A History of Korean Church . Seoul: Booktopia. Baek, Nak Joon. 1973. Hangukgaesingyosa [A History of Korean Protestantism] . Seoul: Yonsei University Press. Baker, Don. 2008. Korean Spirituality: Dimensions of Asian Spirituality . Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press. Bird, Isabella L. 1898. Korea and her Neighbours: A Narrative of Travel, with an Account of the Vicissitudes and Position of the Country . Rutland, VT: Charles E. Tuttle Company. Blair, William. 1957. Gold in Korea . Topeka, KS: H. M. Ives & Sons. Blair, William, and Bruce Hunt. 1977. The Korean Pentecost and the Suffering which Followed . Carlisle, PA: Banner of Truth. Brown, Arthur J. 1919. The Mastery of the Far East: The Story of Korea’s Transformation and Japan’s Rise to Supremacy in the Orient . New York, NY: C. Scribner’s Sons. Chong, Song Ku. 1988. A History of Preaching in Korean Church . Seoul: Chongsin University Press.

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Clark, Allen D. 1961. History of the Korean Church . Seoul: Christian Literature Society of Korea. Conroy, Hilary. 1960. The Japanese Seizure of Korea, 1868-1910: A Study of Realism and Idealism in International Relations . Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. Board, Editorial. 1974. Hanguk Gidokgyo Seongyo 100junyeon Ginyeom Seolgyo Daejeonjip [Great Anthology of Sermons in Commemoration of the 100th Anniversiary Korean Mission] . Seoul: Pakmun Press. Fisher, James E. 1977. Pioneers of Modern Korea . Seoul: Christian Literature Society of Korea. Gale, James S. 1909. Korea in Transition . New York, NY: Eaton & Mains. 1898. Korean Sketches . Chicago, IL: Fleming H. Revell. Goforth, Jonathan. 1943. When the Spirit’s Fire Swept Korea . Grand Rapids: Zondervan. Han, Woo Keun. 1971. Donghakran Giine Gwanhan Yeongu [A Study of Causes of the Donghak Rebellion] . Seoul: Seoul National University Press. ———. 1974. Hanguk Tongsa [The History of Korea] . Trans. Kyung Shik Lee. Honolulu, HI: The University Press of Hawaii. Hanguk Jeongsin Munhwa Yeonguwon. 1994. Hanguk Minjok Munwha Daebaekgwa Sajeon [Encyclopedia of Korean People and Culture] , vol 8. Ungjin: Seoul. Harrison, John A., and George McAfee McCune. 1951. Korean-American Relations, the Intitial Period, 1883-1886 , vol 1. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Hingeley, Joseph B. 1908. Journal of the Twenty-Fifth Delegated General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church Held in Baltimore, MD, May 6-June 1, 1908 . New York, NY: Eaton & Mains. Hughes, Judith M. 1983. Emotion and High Politics: Personal Relations at the Summit in Late Nineteenth-Century Britain and Germany . Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Hulbert, Homer B. 1909. The Passing of Korea . New York, NY: Doubleday, Page & Co. Huntley, Martha. 1987. To Start a Work: The Foundation of Protestant Mission in Korea (1884-1919) . Seoul: Presbyterian Church of Korea. Hutchison, William R. 1987. Errand to the World: American Protestant Thought and Foreign Missions . Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press. Jeong, Yak Yong. 1979. Mokmim Simseo [Guidelines for Local Administration] , vol 2. Seoul: Changjakgwa Bipyongsa. Jones, George H. 1910. The Korean Mission of the Methodist Episcopal Church . New York, NY: The Board of Foreign Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church. BIBLIOGRAPHY 171

Jones, George H., and W. Arthur Noble. 1910. The Korean Revival: An Account of the Revival in the Korean Churches in 1907 . New York, NY: The Board of Foreign Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Kang, Man Gil. 2006. Gochyeo Sseon Hanguk Geondaesa [Rewritten Korea’s Modern History] . Seoul: Changbi. Kim, Chol-choon, Yi-sup Hong, and Pow-key Son. 1970. The History of Korea . Seoul: Korean National Commission for UNESCO. Kim, Han-Kyo, and C.I. Eugene Kim. 1967. Korea and the Politics of Imperialism, 1876-1910 . Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Kim, Ig-Jin. 2003. History and Theology of Korean Pentecostalism . Zoetermeer: Boekencentrum. Kim, In Soo. 1996. Protestants and the Formation of Modern Korean Nationalism. 1885-1920 . New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing. Kim, In Suh. 1976. Kim In Suh Jeojak Jeonjip [Collection of the Writings of Kim In Suh] . Seoul: Gimunsa. Kim, Kyoeng-jae. 1994. Christianity and the Encounter of Asian Religions: Method of Correlation, Fusion of Horizons, and Paradigm Shifts in the Korean Grafting Process . Zoetermeer: Uitgeverij Boekencentrum. Kim, Ok Kun. 1984. Joseon Wangjo Jaejeongsa Yeongu: Jisepyeon [A Study of the Financial History of the Joseon Dynasty] , vol 1. Seoul: Ilchokak. Kim, Sung-gun. 1997. Jonggyowa Sahoe [Religion and Society] . Daejeon: Moongyeong Publishing. Kim, Tae Ja. 2005. Chiraeui Meot, Sseuimui Areumdaum: Jangsingu [Beauty of Adornment and Use: Accessories] . Seoul: A Memorial Museum of Sukmyeong Women’s University. Kim, Yang Sun. 1971. Hanguk Gidokgyosa Yeongu [A Study of the Korean Christian History] . Seoul: The Christian Literature Society. Kim, Yong Sup. 1988. Hanguk Geundae Nongeop Yeongu [Studies in the Agricultural History of Early Modern Korea] , vol 1. Seoul: Ilchokak. 1971. Joseon Hugi Nongeopsa Yeonku [Studies in the Agricultural History of the Late Yi Dynasty] , vol 1. Seoul: Ilchokak. Lee, Duk Ju. 2002. Joseoneun Wae Ilbonui Sikminjika Doeeossneunka? [Why Did Korea Become a Japanses Colony] . Seoul: Editeo. Lee, Ki-baik. 1984. A New History of Korea . Trans. Edward W. Wagner and Edward J. Shultz. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Lee, Man Yeol. 1989. Hanguk Gidokgyosa Teukgang [A Special Lecture for the Korean Church History] . Seoul: Evangelical Students Fellowship Press. 1991. Hanguk Gidokgyowa Minjokuisik [Korean Christianity and National Consciousness] . Seoul: Knowledge Industry. Lee, Timothy S. 2010. Born Again: Evangelicalism in Korea . Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai’i Press. 172 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Lee, Yong Do. 1993. Iyongdomoksaui Ilgi [A Collection of Lee Yong Do’s Diaries] , ed. Jong Ho Lee. Seoul: Jangan Culture Press. Mackenzie, Frederick A. 1920. Korea’s Fight for Freedom . New York, NY: Fleming H. Revell. McKenzie, Fred A. 1920. Korea’s Fight for Freedom . New York, NY: Fleming H. Revell. 1908. The Tragedy of Korea . New York, NY: E.P. Dutton. Min, Kyung Bae. 1981. Gyohoewa Minjok [Church and Nationality] . Seoul: Korean Christian Publishing. 1985. Hanguk Gidok Gyohoesa [Korean Church History] . Seoul: Korean Christian Publishing. Moffet, Samuel Hugh. 1962. The Christians of Korea . New York, NY: Friendship Press. National Statistical Offi ce. 1999. Social Indicators in Korea . Seoul: National Statistical Offi ce. Noh, Chi Joon. 1993. Iljeha Hangukgidokgyo Minjokundong Yeongu [A Study of the Korean Protestant Nationalistic Movement under the Japanese Rule] . Seoul: The Institute for Korean Church History. Oh, Ji Yeong. 1940. Donghaksa [The History of Donghak] . Seoul: Yeongchang Sukwan. Paik, George. 1980. The History of Protestant Missions in Korea, 1832-1910 . Seoul: Yonsei University Press. Palais, James B. 1975. Politics and Policy in Traditional Korea . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Palmer, Spencer J. 1986. Korea and Christianity: The Problem of Identifi cation with Tradition . Seoul: Seoul Computer Press. Park, Sangyil. 2008. Korean Preaching, Han, and Narrative . New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing. Park, Soon Kyung. 1986. Minjok Tongilgwa Gidokgyo [National Unifi cation and Christianity] . Seoul: Hangilsa. Park, Yong Kyu. 2000. Hangukui Widaehan Buheung [A Great Revival in Korea] . Seoul: The Word of Life. 2007. Pyeongyang Daebuheungundong [The Pyeongyang Great Revival Movement] . Seoul: The Word of Life. Presbyterian College and Theological Seminary, ed. 2007. Hanguk Gyohoe Daebuheung Undong 1903-1908 [The Great Revival Movement in Korean Church from 1903 to 1908] . Seoul: Presbyterian College and Theological School. Rhie, Deokjoo. 2000. A Study on the Formation of the Indigenous Church in Korea, 1903-1907 . Seoul: Korean Christian History Institute. Rhodes, Harry A. 1934. History of the Korea Mission Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. (1884-1934) , vol 1. Seoul: YMCA. BIBLIOGRAPHY 173

Rhodes, Harry A., and Richard H. Baird. 1934. The Fiftieth Anniversary Celebration of the Korea Mission . Seoul: YMCA. Shin, Bok Ryong. 1980. Donghak Sasangkwa Hanguk Minjokjuui [Donghak Thought and Korean Nationalism] . Seoul: Pyungminsa. Song, Gilsop. 1987. Hanguk Sinhak Sasangsa [History of Theological Thought in Korea] . Seoul: The Christian Literature Society. The Institute of Korea Christian History Studies. 1989. A History of Korean Church , vol 1. Seoul: The Christian Literature Press. Underwood, Horace G. 1908. The Call of Korea: Political, Social, Religious . New York, NY: Fleming H. Revell. Underwood, Lillias H. 1918. Underwood of Korea: Being an Intimate Record of the Life and Work of the Rev. H.G. Underwood, D.D., LL.D., for Thirty-One Years a Missionary of the Presbyterian Board in Korea . New York, NY: Fleming H. Revell Company. Wasson, Alfred W. 1934. Church Growth in Korea . New York, NY: International Missionary Council. Woo, Wan Yong. 1991. Biungwa Seopriui Minjok Gyohoesa [National Church History of Misfortune and Providence] . Seoul: Mokyang Book Company. Yoo, Boo-Woong. 1988. Korean Pentecostalism: Its History and Theology . Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang. Yoo, Dongsik. 1993. Hanguksinhakeui Gwangmaek [The Vein of Korean Theology] . Seoul: Junmangsa. 1997. Pungryudowa Hangukui Jonggyo Sasang [Pungryudo and Thoughts of Korean Religions] . Seoul: Yonsei University Press.

ARTICLES Ahn, Byung Ook. 1986. Joseon Hugi Jachiwa Jeohang Jojikuiroseoui Hyanghoe [The Hyanghoe as a Self-Governing Resistance Organization in the Late Joseon Dynasty]. Seongsim Yeodae Nonmunjip (18): 103–127. Choe, Yeong Ho. 1982. The Kapsin Coup of 1884: A Reassessment. Korean Studies 6(1): 105–124. Choi, Jin Ok. 1981. 1860 Yeondaeui Minran [Popular Uprisings in the 1860s]. In Jeongtong Sidaeui Minjung Woondong [Popular Uprisings in the Traditional Period] . Seoul: Pulbit. Choi, Sang-Chin, and Soo-Hyang Choi. 1994. We-Ness: A Korean Discourse of Collectivism. In Psychology of the Korean People: Collectivism and Individualism , eds. Gene Yoon and Sang-Chin Choi, 57–84. Seoul: Dong-A. Chung, Byung Mo. 2011. Portrayal and Signifi cance of ‘Every Life’ in the Genre Paintings of Late Joseon [Joseon Hugi Pungsokhwae Natanan ‘Ilsang’ui Pyohyeongwa Geu Uimi]. The Study of Art History 25: 331–358. 174 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Chung, Chai-sik. 1982. Korea: The Continuing Syncretism. In Religion and Societies: Asia and the Middle East , ed. Carlo Caldarola, 607–628. New York, NY: Mouton de Gruyter. Chung, Suk Jong. 1972. Joseon Hugi Sahoe Sinbunje Ui Bunggoe [The Breakdown of the Social Status System in the Late Joseon Period]. Daedong Munwha Yeongu : 267–357. Conn, Harvie M. 1966. Studies in the Theology of the Korean Presbyterian Church: A Historical Han, Chul Ha. Involvement of the Korean Church in the Evangelization. In Korean Church Growth Explosion: Centennial of the Protestant Church (1884-1984) . ed. Bong Rin Ro. Seoul: Word of Life Press, 1983. Outline. Westminster Theological Journal 29(1): 24–57. Jang, Yoon-Jae. 2007. Segehwa Sidae, Seongjangui Jongmalgwa Grisdoseongyoui Seongyo [Globalized Age, the End of Membership Growth and the Mission Work of Christianity]. In Muryehan Bokeum [The Disrespectful Gospel] , ed. The Institute of the Third Era Christianity. Seoul: Sanchaeja. Joo, Jae Yong. 1978, September. Hanguk Gyohoe Buheung Undongui Yeoksajeok Bipan [A Historical Critique of the Revival Movement the Korean Church]. Gidokkyo Sasang [Christian Thought] : 62–72. Kim, Andrew Eungi. 2001. Political Insecurity, Social Chaos, Religious Void and the Rise of Protestantism in Late Nineteenth-Century Korea. Social History 26(3): 267–281. Winter 2005. Protestantism in Korea and Japan from the 1880s to the 1940s: A Comparative Study of Differential Cultural Reception and Social Impact. Korea Journal 45(4): 261–290. Kim, Byung Yeon. 2008. Presentation on Analysis Report: Opinion Research on the Degree of Social Reliability of the Korean Church-Purpose, Methodology, and Result. Christian Ethics Movement of Korea and Church Trust Network. (November 20, 2008): 23–39. Kim, Heung-Soo, and Seung-Tae Kim. 1993. A History of Korean Christianity since Liberation. In The Yearbook of Korean Religion , ed. Korea Research Institute for Religion and Society, 72–84. Seoul: Halimwon. Kim, In Geol. 1981. Joseon Hugi Hyangchon Sahoe Tongjechaekui Wigi [The Crisis of Social Control in the Rural Village of the Late Joseon Period]. Jindan Hakbo (58): 97–143. Kim, Jin Bong. 1981. Jinjoo Minrane Daehayeo [On the Jinjoo Popular Uprising]. Baeksan Hakbo 427–458. Kim, Jung Han. 2004. Christianity and Korean Culture: The Reasons for the Success of Christianity in Korea. Exchange 33(2): 132–152. Kim, Kwang-o. 2005, July 9. Jonggyoe Daehan Bujeongjeok Sigak Ganghae [Negative Viewpoint about Religions]. Hanguk Seonggyeol Sinmun [Korea Holy Newspaper] . Kim, Sung Ho. 1989. Gunse Toji Jedo Ui Maekrak [The Land System in the Early Modern Period]. In Nongji Gaehyeoksa Yeongu [Studies in the History of Land BIBLIOGRAPHY 175

Reform] , eds. Sung Ho Kim, Kyoung Sik Jun, Sang Hwan Chang, and Suk Woo Park. Seoul: Nongchon Gyongje Yonguwan. Kim, Sung-Ho. 2002. Rapid Modernisation and the Future of Korean Christianity. Religion 32(1): 27–37. Kim, Yang Sik. 1990. Kojongjo Minran Yeongu [A Study of Popular Revolts dur- ing the Reign of King Kojong]. In Hanguksaui Ihae: Geun Hyeondae Pyeon [Understanding Korean History: The Early Modern and Modern Periods] . Seoul: Munhakgaw Jiseong. Koh, Suk Kyu. 1991. 19 Segi Nongmin Hangjaengui Jeongaewa Byeonhyeok Jucheui Seongjang [The Development of Peasant Rebellions and the Rise of Carriers of Social Change in the Nineteenth Century]. In 1894 Nyeon Nongmin Hangjaeng Yeongu [Studies in the Peasant Rebellion of 1894] , vol 1, 329–365. Seoul: Yeoksa Bipyeongsa. Koh, Sung Je. 1975. Geunse Hyangchon Jedoui Bunggoewa Chonrak Sahoeui Gujojeok Byeonwha [The Decline of the Village System and the Structual Transformation of Village Society in the Yi Dynasty]. Haksulwon Nonmunjip (14): 91–119. Lee, Bae Yong. 1992, June. The Foreign Powers Disseizin of Concessions after the Opening of Port and Choson’s Opposition. The Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 70: 1–43. Lee, Chull. 2008. A Sociological Study on the Cause of the Rise and Decline of the Pyongyang Great Revival of 1907. Phenomenon and Awareness 32(1): 109–127. Lee, Jang Sik. 1976, June. Buheungundongui Jeonwhanjeom [Transition in Revival Movement]. Gidokkyo Sasang [Christian Thought] (216): 51–61. Lee, Won-jae. 2010. A Study on the Problems of Speculative Drives in the Aspects of Education as well as in Gwageo during the Late Choson Dynasty. Korean Journal of Education Research 48(4): 168–188. Moffett, Samuel Austin. n.d. Evangelistic Work. In Quarto Centennial: Papers Read before the Korea Mission of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. at the Annual Meeting in Pyeng Yang, (August 27, 1909). No, Dae Joon. 1986, August. 1907Nyeon Gaesingyo Daebuheungundongui Yeoksajeok Seonggyeok [Historical Characteristics of the 1907 Revival Movement]. The Study of Korean Christian History 15: 16. Oak, Sung-Deuk. 2001. Shamanistic Tan’gun and Christian Hananim: Protestant Missionaries’ Interpretation of the Korean Founding Myth, 1805-1934. Studies in World Christianity 7: 42–57. Oh, Kyong-Hwan. 1989. Introspection and Prospect of Korean Catholicism since Liberation. In Introspection and Prospect of Korean Religion since Liberation , ed. Korea Religion Society Institute, 141–166. Seoul: Minjokmunhwasa. Oh, Young Seok. 2007. Again 1907, The Holy Spirit of Life and Peace Waiting in 2007. In Primary Source of the Korean Great Revival 1903-1908 , ed. Presbyterian College and Theological School. Seoul: Presbyterian College and Theological Seminary. 176 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Park, Bong-Ju. n.d. ‘Sugyo,’ ‘Sugyogiplok’ryuui Naeyonggwa Boepjesajeok Uimi [The Content of King’s Command and a Collection of it, and its Meaning in terms of a History of Laws]. Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies . http:// kyujanggak.snu.ac.kr/HEJ_ROY/ROY_00_00_00_00_021.jsp?ptype=class&s ubtype=ro&lclass=02 . Accessed 17 Jul 2013. Park, Jong Hyun. 2000. Hangukgyohoeui Sinangnaeyeongwa Geu Oeyeonguchoun Sanggwangwang Gye Yeongu [A Study of Correlation between Internalized Faith and Its Externalized Structure in Korean Church]. PhD diss., Yonsei University. Park, Yong-Shin. 2000, December 1. Protestant Christianity and its Place in a Changing Korea. Social Compass 47(4): 507–524. Sa, Mi Ja. 2007. Dae Buheungundongui Jungsimhyeonsangeuroseoui Hoesime Gwanhan Jonggyosimrihakjeok Gochal [A Religious Psychological Study of Conversion as a Main Phenomenon of the Korean Great Revival Movement in Korea]. In Haksulzaryozip [Primary Source of the Korean Great Revival Movement 1903-1908] , ed. Presbyterian College and Theological Seminary, 43–58. Seoul: Presbyterian College and Theological School. Seo, Jeong Min. 1995. Chogi Hangukgyohoe Daebuheungundongui Ihae [An Understanding of the Early Korea Church]. In Hanguk Gidokgyowa Minjokundong [Korean Christianity and Nationalism] , ed. Man Yeol Lee. Seoul: Poseong Press. 2007. Hangukgyohoe Chogi Daebuheunge Daehan Sahoejeok Baneung [A Social Response to Early Revival Movement of Korean Church]. Korean Christianity and History 26: 81–113. Seong, Ho-Gyong. 2009. Joseon Hugi Pyeongminsigaui Tongsokyesuljeok Seonggeok [The Character as Popular Art of the ‘Commoners’ Poetry’ in the Late Joseon Period]. The Study of Korean Classic 20. Suh, Sung Ho. 1991. Gaehanggi Bongeonjeok Gukga Jaejeongui Wigi Wa Minjung Sutalui Gangwha [The Crisis of State Finances and the Intensifi cation of the Exploitation of the People in the Early Modern Period]. In 1894 Nyeon Nongmin Hangjaeng Yeongu [Studies in the Peasant Rebellion of 1894] , vol 1. Seoul: Yeoksa Bipyeongsa. Takamizawa, Eiko. 2005. Analytical Comparison of Church Growth in Korea and Japan. Torch Trinity Journal 86–99. Wells, J. Hunter. 1905, April. Northern Korea. The Korean Review 5(4): 139–141.

MISSIONARIES’ LETTERS AND REPORTS Baird, W.M. 1906, October. Pyeng Yang Academy. The Korea Mission Field 2: 221–224. ——— 1907. The Spirit among Pyeng Yang Students. The Korea Mission Field 3: 65–67. BIBLIOGRAPHY 177

Bull, W.F. 1906. Genuine Repentance. Korea Mission Field 2: 105–106. Carolina Institute. 1905, January. Korea Methodist 1. Carroll, Arrena. 1905, October. Women’s Special Study Classes in Songdo. Korea Methodist 1. (Mar. 1905). Cram, W.G. 1907, May. A Genuine Change. The Korean Mission Field 3: 67–68. Cram, W. G. 1905, March. A New Year’s Revival in Songdo. The Korea Methodist 1. (Mar. 1905). Gale, James S. 1905. Dr. R. A. Hardie. The Korea Methodist 1. (Mar. 1905). Graham, Lee. 1907, March. How the Spirit Came to Pyeng Yang. The Korea Mission Field 3. (Mar. 1907): 33–37. McCune, George. 1907, January 15. Letter to Dr. Brown. ———. 1907, January. The Holy Spirit in Pyeng Yang. The Korea Mission Field 3 (Mar. 1908): 1–2. Moffet, Samuel Hugh. 1990. The Thought of Dr. Samuel Moffet. The Presbyterian Forum 6: 7–17. Moore, J.Z. 1907, August. The Great Revival Year. The Korea Mission Field 3: 113–120. Moose, J.R. 1907, January. A Great Awakening. The Korea Mission Field 2: 51–52. Moose, J. R. 1904, November. The Development of a Native Ministry. The Korea Mission Field 11–12. Morris, C. D. 1904, November. Revival Services in Pyeng Yang. The Korea Methodist 1. (Mar. 1905). Sharp, C.E. 1906. Motives for Seeking Christ. The Korea Mission Field 2. (Aug. 1906): 182–183. Swallen, W.L. 1907. God’s Work of Grace in Pyeng Yang Classes. The Korea Mission Field 3: 77–80. Swallen, W. L. 1907, January 18. Letter to Dr. Brown.

DISSERTATIONS Bae, Yo Han. 2007. The Divine-Human Relationship in Korean Religious Traditions: The Presence and Transformation of the Themes from the T’an Gun Myth in the Choson Chujahak Tradition and Korean Protestant Christianity. PhD diss., Boston University School of Theology. Chang, Hae Jin. 2012. The Study on the Social Function Showed in Gangnyung Tal Dance in Late Chosun Dynasty [Joseon Hugi Gangnyungtalchume Natanan Sahoejeok Gineonge Gwanhan Yeongu]. PhD diss., Ewha Women University. Kim, Hong Man. 2007. Puritanism in the Korea Mission of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A and its Contribution to the Korean Great Revival. PhD diss., Reformed Theological Seminary. Kim, Shin. 2008. Christianity and Korean Nationalism, 1884-1945: A Missiological Perspective. PhD. diss., Fuller Theological Seminary. 178 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Lee, Chull. 1997. Social Sources of the Rapid Growth of the Christian Church in Northwest Korea: 1895-1910. PhD diss., Boston University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. Lee, Young Hoon. 1996. The Holy Spirit Movement in Korea: Its Historical and Doctrinal Development. PhD diss., Temple University. Min, Pil-Won. 2010. A Case Study of the Contemporary Church Renewal Movement in Korea. PhD diss., Asbury Theological Seminary. Oak, Sung-Deuk. 2002. The Indigenization of Christianity in Korea: North American Missionaires’ Attitudes Towards Korean Religions, 1884-1910. PhD diss., Boston University School of Theology. Ryu, Dae Young. 1998. America Protestant Missionaries in Korea, 1882-1910: A Critical Study of Missionaries and their Involvement in Korea-American Relations and Korean Politics. PhD diss., Vanderbilt University. Yun, Seung-Yong. 1992. A Study on Religion’s Response to Social Change. PhD diss., Seoul National University.

NEWSPAPERS 1896, April 9. The Editorial of the First Issue. Dongnip Sinmun . Jeong, Hee Wan. 2013, January 29. Sudden Death of Security Guard in Seocho-Gu Offi ce Will Be Examined by the Prosecution. The Kyunghyang Daily News . http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?artid=201301291705 391&code=940301 . Kim, Kwang-o. 2005, July 9. Jonggyoe Daehan Bujeongjeok Sigak Ganghae [Negative Viewpoint about Religions]. Hanguk Seonggyeol Sinmun [Korea Holy Newspaper] .

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2001. Heinz Kohut: The Making of a Psychoanalyst , 1st edn. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 2001. Lincoln’s Quest for Union: A Psychological Portrait . Philadelphia, PA: Paul Dry Books. 2011. The Leader: Psychological Essays . New York, NY: Springer. Strozier, Charles B., Daniel Offer, and Oliger Abdyli, eds. 2011. The Leader: Psychological Essays , 2nd edn. New York, NY: Springer. Szaluta, Jacques. 1999. Psychohistory: Theory and Practice . New York, NY: Peter Lang. Teicholz, Judith Guss. 1999. Kohut, Loewald, and the Postmoderns: A Comparative Study of Self and Relationship . Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press. Wolf, Ernest S. 1988. Treating the Self: Elements of Clinical Self Psychology . New York, NY: Guilford Press.

ARTICLES Allison, Joel. 1980. Religious Conversion: Regression and Progression in an Adolescent Experience. In Growing Edges in the Psychology of Religion , ed. John R. Tisdale. Chicago, IL: Nelson-Hall. Ashbach, C., and V.L. Schermer. 1992. The Role of the Therapist from a Self Psychological Perspective. In Handbook of Contemporary Group Psychotherapy , eds. Robert H. Klein, Harold S. Bernard, and David L. Singer, 279–319. Madison, CT: International Universities Press. Bacal, Howard. 1992. Contributions from Self Psychology. In Handbook of Contemporary Group Psychotherapy , eds. Robert H. Klein, Harold S. Bernard, and David L. Singer. Madison, CT: International Universities Press. Bacal, Howard A. 1985. Optimal Responsiveness and the Therapeutic Process. In Progress in Self Psychology , vol 1, ed. Arnold Goldberg, 202–227. New York, NY: Guilford Press. 1994. The Selfobject Relationship in Psychoanalytic Treatment. In A Decade of Progress , Progress in Self Psychology, vol 10, ed. Arnold Goldberg, 21–30. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press. 1989. Winnicott and Self Psychology. In Self Psychology: Comparisons and Contrasts , eds. Douglas Detrick and Susan Detrick. Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press. Baker, Howard S., and Margaret N. Baker. 1987. Heinz Kohut’s Self Psychology: An Overview. The American Journal of Psychiatry 144(1): 1–9. Basch, Michael F. 1994. The Selfobject Concept: Clinical Implication. In A Decade of Progress , Progress in Self Psychology, vol 10, ed. Arnold Goldberg, 1–7. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press. Detrick, Douglas. 1985. Alterego Phenomena and the Alterego . In Progress in Self Psychology , vol 1, ed. Arnold Goldberg. New York, NY: Guilford Press. 182 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Hedayat-Diba, Zari. 1997. The Selfobject Functions of the Koran. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion 7(4): 211–236. Jaenicke, Chris. 1987, January 1. Kohut’s Concept of Cure. Psychoanalytic Review 74(4): 537–548. Karterud, Sigmund, and Walter N. Stone. 2003, March 1. The Group Self: A Neglected Aspect of Group Psychotherapy. Group Analysis 36(1): 7–22. Kohut, Heinz. 1991. Creativeness, Charisma, Group Psychology: Refl ections on the Self-Analysis of Freud. In The Search for the Self: Selected Writings of Heinz Kohut, 1950-1978 , vol 2, ed. Paul H. Ornstein, 793–843. New York, NY: International Universities Press. 1991. Discussion of ‘On the Adolescent Process as a Transformation of the Self’. In The Search for the Self: Selected Writings of Heinz Kohut, 1950-1978 , vol 2, ed. Paul H. Ornstein, 659–662. New York, NY: International Universities Press. 1986. Forms and Transformations of Narcissism. In Essential Papers on Narcissism , ed. Andrew P. Morrison, 61–87. New York, NY: New York University Press. ———. 1959, July. Introspection, Empathy, and Psychoanalysis: An Examination of the Relationship between Mode of Observation and Theory. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 7: 459–483. 1991. Letter 1980. In The Search for the Self: Selected Writings of Heinz Kohut, 1950-1981 , vol 4, ed. Paul H. Ornstein, 4. Madison, WI: International Universities Press. 1991. Selected Problems in Self Psychological Theory. In The Search for the Self: Selected Writings of Heinz Kohut, 1950-1981 , vol 4, ed. Paul H. Ornstein, 4. Madison, WI: International Universities Press. 2011. ‘The Function of the Analyst in the Therapeutic Process’ by Samuel D. Lipton. In The Search for the Self: Selected Writings of Heinz Kohut 1950- 1978 , vol 1, ed. Paul Ornstein, 159–166. New York, NY: International Universities Press. 1978. The Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders. In The Search for the Self: Selected Writings of Heinz Kohut, 1950-1978 , vol 1, ed. Paul H. Ornstein. New York, NY: International Universities Press. 1991. Thoughts on Narcissism and Narcissistic Rage. In The Search for the Self: Selected Writings of Heinz Kohut, 1950-1978 , vol 2, ed. Paul H. Ornstein. New York, NY: International Universities Press. Kohut, Heinz, and Ernest.S. Wolf. 1978. The Disorders of the Self and Their Treatment: An Outline. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis 59: 413–425. Kohut, Thomas A. 1986. Psychohistory as History. The American Historical Review 91(2): 336–354. doi: 10.2307/1858137 . Lifton, Robert Jay, and Charles B. Strozier. 1984. Psychology and History. In Psychology and Its Allied Disciplines: Psychology and the Social Sciences , ed. Marc H. Bornstein. Hillsdale, NJ: Psychology Press. BIBLIOGRAPHY 183

Mahoney, Annette, and Kenneth I. Pargament. 2004, May. Sacred Changes: Spiritual Conversion and Transformation. Journal of Clinical Psychology 60(5): 481–492. Mazlish, Bruce. 1976. What is Psycho-History? In Varieties of Psychohistory , eds. George M. Kren and Leon Rappoport, 17–37. New York, NY: Springer Pub. Co. Meares, Russell. 2004. The Conversational Model: An Outline. American Journal of Psychotherapy 58(1): 51–66. Newman, Kenneth. 1977. Defense Analysis and Self Psychology. In Advances in Self Psychology , ed. Arnold Goldberg. New York, NY: International Universities Press. Noland, Richard W. 1977. Psychohistory, Theory and Practice. The Massachusetts Review 18(2): 295–322. Serrano, Neftali. 2003. Pentecostal Spirituality: Implications for an Approach to Clinical Psychology. In Spiritual Formation, Counseling, and Psychotherapy , eds. Todd W. Hall and Mark R. McMinn. New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers. Son, Angella. 2006. Relationality in Kohut’s Psychology of the Self. Pastoral Psychology 55(1): 81–92. 2006. Relationality in Kohut’s Psychology of the Self. Pastoral Psychology 55(1): 81–92. ———. 2000. Theological Anthropology and Narcissism: Interdisciplinary Dialogue between Karl Barth’s Theological Anthropology and Heinz Kohut’s Psychology of the Self. Human Being as Relational Self. PhD diss., Princeton Theological Seminary. Stolorow, Robert D. 1986. Critical Refl ections on the Theory of Self Psychology: An Inside View. Psychoanalytic Inquiry 6(3): 387–402. Stone, Walter N. 2011. Group-as-a-Whole: A Self Psychological Perspective. In Contributions of Self Psychology to Group Psychotherapy: Selected Papers , ed. Walter N. Stone, 35–54. London: Karnac Books. Strozier, Charles B. 1990. Christian Fundamentalism, Nazism, and the Millennium. Psychohistory Review 18(2): 207–217. ———. 1985. Glimpses of a Life: Heinz Kohut (1913–1981). In Progress in Self Psychology , vol 1, ed. Arnold Goldberg, 3–12. New York, NY: Guilford Press. 1997. Heinz Kohut’s Struggles with Religion. In Religion, Society, and Psychoanalysis: Readings in Contemporary Theory , eds. Janet Liebman Jacobs and Donald Capps. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. 2011. Lincoln and the Crisis of the 1850s: Thoughts on the Group Self. In The Leader: Psychological Essays , eds. Charles B. Strozier, Daniel Offer, and Oliger Abdyli, 57–76. New York, NY: Springer. Wallerstein, Robert S. 1983. Self Psychology and ‘Classical’ Psychoanalytical Psychology: The Nature of their Relationship. In The Future of Psychoanalysis: 184 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Essays in Honor of Heinz Kohut , ed. Arnold D. Goldberg. New York, NY: International Universities Press. Wolf, Ernest S. 1980. On the Developmental Line of Selfobject Relations. In Advances in Self Psychology , ed. Arnold Goldberg. New York, NY: International Universities Press. 1985. The Search for Confi rmation: Technical Aspects of Mirroring. Psychoanalytic Inquiry 5(2): 271–282.

MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS AND ARTICLES Anderson, Allan. 2004. An Introduction to Pentecostalism: Global Charismatic Christianity . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Aquinas, Thomas. 2007. Summa Theologica, Volume 5 (Part III, Second Section & Supplement) . New York, NY: Cosimo. Belcher, John R., and Toni Cascio. 2001, January. Social Work and Deliverance Practice: The Pentecostal Experience. Families in Society 82(1): 61–68. Bermudez, Jose Luis, Naomi Eilan, and Anthony Marcel, eds. 1998. The Body and the Self . Cambridge: MIT Press. Bickimer, David Arthur. 1989. Leadership in Religious Education: A Prehensive Model . Birmingham: Religious Education Press. Boisard, Marcel A. 1988. Humanism in Islam . Indianapolis, IN: American Trust Publications. Burns, James MacGregor. 1978. Leadership . New York, NY: Harper & Row. 2003. Transforming Leadership: The New Pursuit of Happiness . New York, NY: Grove Press. Clarke, Peter B., and Peter Beyer. 2009. The World’s Religions: Continuities and Transformations . London: Routledge. Cobb, John B. 1976. and David Ray Griffi n. Process Theology: An Introductory Exposition . Philadelphia, PA: The Westminster Press. Conn, Walter E. 1985. Merton’s ‘True Self’: Moral Autonomy and Religious Conversion. Journal of Religion 65(4): 513–529. Dubois-Dumée, Jean-Pierre. 1989. Becoming Prayer . Boston, MA: St. Paul Books and Media. Foucault, Michel. 1997. Sexuality and Solitude. In The Essential Works of Michel Foucault, 1954-1984: Ethics, Subjectivity and Truth , vol 1, ed. Paul Rabinow. New York, NY: New Press. Greenleaf, Robert K. 1977. Servant Leadership: A Journey into the Nature of Legitimate Power and Greatness . New York, NY: Paulist Press. Harris, James Franklin. 2002. Analytic Philosophy of Religion . Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Northouse, Peter G. 2013. Leadership: Theory and Practice . Los Angeles: Sage Publications, Inc. BIBLIOGRAPHY 185

Parker, Michael Thomas. 1994. The Kingdom of Character: The Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions (1886-1926). PhD., University of Maryland. Rambo, Lewis R. 1993. Understanding Religious Conversion . New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Richie, Tony Lee. 2005. Awe-Full Encounters: A Pentecostal Conversation with C. S. Lewis Concerning Spiritual Experience. Journal of Pentecostal Theology 14(1): 99–122. Ritter, Harry. 1986. Dictionary of Concepts in History , Annotated edn. New York, NY: Greenwood. Sandeen, Ernest R. 1978. The Roots of Fundamentalism: British and American Millenarianism, 1800-1930 . Grand Rapids: Baker Book House. Serrano, Neftali. 2003. Pentecostal Spirituality: Implications for an Approach to Clinical Psychology. In Spiritual Formation, Counseling, and Psychotherapy , eds. Todd W. Hall and Mark R. McMinn. New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers. Smith, Brien N., Ray V. Montagno, and Tatiana N. Kuzmenko. 2004, May 1. Transformational and Servant Leadership: Content and Contextual Comparisons. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 10(4): 80–91. Stone, A. Gregory, Robert F. Russell, and Kathleen Patterson. 2004. Transformational Versus Servant Leadership: A Difference in Leader Focus. Leadership & Organization Development Journal 25(4): 349–361. Swinburne, Richard. 2004. The Existence of God . New York, NY: Oxford University Press. INDEX

A B Alexander, Fraz, 155 Bacal, Howard A., 23, 26, 28, 44, Allison, Joel, 137, 146n28 49n34, 50n51, 50n59, 51n62, alter-ego transference, 28 52n112, 53n133 ambition, 21–3, 27, 30, 33, Baek, Nak Joon, 8, 14n14 40–2, 44, 45, 60, 77, 87, Bae, Yo-Han, 74n3, 100 88, 91, 109–11, 159 Baker, Howard S., 17, 48n1 American missionaries in Korea, Basch, Michael, 23, 32, 87, 88, 100 49n35, 51n77 anxiety, 19, 29, 39, 65, 94, 137, Bickimer, David Arthur, 143, 147n44 152, 160 bipolar self, 22 archaic self, 33 Blair, William, 7, 82, 84, 105, 107, art in the late of Joseon dynasty, 67 112, 113, 114n16, 114n21–3, Ashbach C., 44, 53n134 115n25, 115n28, 115n29, audible prayer in unison 118n82, 118n85, 119n104 (tongsung kido) , 107, 162 Brown, Arthur J., 88, 116n43 Augustine, 89 Browning, Don, 139, 146n33 autonomy of the national self, 110 Bruce Hunt, 7, 112, 115n25

Note: Page numbers with “n” denote notes.

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 187 J.E. Jang, Religious Experience and Self-Psychology, DOI 10.1057/978-1-349-95041-6 188 INDEX

C empathic intuneness, 96 caregivers, 21–3 empathic matrix, 59 charismatic leadership, 9, 42 empathy , 18, 20, 21, 33, 35, 37–40, Cheoninmugan , 57 43, 52n109, 74n8, 94, 95, children’s grandiose, 89 124–31, 136, 142, 163 Choi, Jung Son, 79 enlightenment movement, 111 Churchill, Winston, 9, 43 Erikson, Erik H., 4, 5, 9, 14n5 closed-door policy, 62, 69, 72 evangelical discourse, 96 cohesive self, 25, 30, 33, 37, 58, exhibitionism, 22, 27, 33, 125, 127–9, 140, 159, 163 125, 153, 159 confession of sins in public, 2, 79 Confucianism, 56, 57, 61, 64, 69, 79, 99–101 F Confucian society, 12, 55 faulty empathy, 124–31 Conn, Harvie M., 92, 116n53 faulty self, 33–5 Conn, Walter E., 146n30 feelings of weakness conversion, 11, 137, 146n32 and vulnerability , 137 cosmic narcissism, 160 fi xation , 18, 53n134 curative empathy, 38 Fliess, Wilhelm, 150, 164n6 Freudian , 19 Freud, Sigmund, 4, 11, 14, 18–20, D 23, 35, 36, 40, 41, 45, 46, 48n5, Daewongun, 62, 68, 72 52n98, 52n118, 149–58, 160, Dangun myth , 70, 75n23, 100 161, 164n1–3, 164n6, 164n7, demonstration of repentance, 80, 81 164n9, 165n14, 165n16–18, depleted self, 17, 77, 95 165n20, 165n21, 165n25–6, depression, 17, 20, 34, 162 165n28, 166n39, 166n44, deprivations, 27, 33, 59, 61, 87, 129 166n45, 167n67 desexualization, 152 developmental process, 39, 40, 95 Donghak peasant rebellion, 62, 69 G Dongnip Sinmun , 72, 75n31 Gaehwadang , 71 Ganghwa Treaty, 62 Gapsin Coup of 1884, 71, 112 E Gill, Merton M., 36, 52n99 the ego and the id, 151, 154 grandiose-exhibitionistic self, 22 ego-feeling, 154, 158 grandiose self, 10, 22, 23, 27, 34, 37, ego ideal, 41, 155 41, 43, 56, 72, 90 , 5, 24 grandiosity, 10, 22, 27, 33, 34, 40, 42, ego-syntonic, 33, 34 53n134, 56, 57, 63, 125, 159 emotional bonds, 37, 41, 68 gratifi cation, 28, 39, 126, 127, 129, 132 empathic interpretation, 92, 94 Greenson, 32 INDEX 189 group ideals, 41 information-gathering empathy, 38 group regression, 44 Innaechon , 69 group self, 3, 9, 10, 12, 13, 40–5, 48, introspective-empathetic 55–74, 91, 93, 95, 100, 102, observation, 19 109–11, 113, 121–46, 162, 163 irrational dogma, 46 group therapy, 44, 45, 53n134 Guilty Man, 20 Gwageo , 53n128, 64, 74n14 J Gyeongguk daejeon , 64 Jangdaehyeon Church, 80 Japanese colonial period, 110 Japanese protectorate, 2, 6, 80, 113, 162 H Jhana , 155 Ham, Seok Heon, 99 John Ross of Manchuria, 99 Hananim , 99–102, 136, 137, 162 Joseon Dynasty, 9, 10, 12, 55–74, Han, Chul Ha, 110, 118n93 77, 103, 109, 112 Han-guk ( Han -nation), 99 Jujahak , 12, 55, 57–9, 61, 63, 69, Han-minjok ( Han -national 70, 100, 104, 125 people) , 99 Hardie, R. A., 78–81 hierarchical social system, 56 K Hitler, 10, 43 Karterud, Sigmund, 44, 54n135 Hood, Ralph, 155 Kenneth I. Pargament, horizontal split, 34, 44 137, 146n27, 146n32 How Does Analysis Cure? , 23, 24, 37 Kil, Seon Ju, 83 Hutchison, William R., 87, 115n39 Kim, Andrew Eungi, 99, 116n49, Hyangyak system, 56 117n69, 117n72 hypochondria, 30 Kim, Soo-Hwan, 133 hypochondriacal preoccupation, 34 King Gojong, 68, 72 Kohut, Heinz, 3, 5, 6, 9–13, 15n22, 15n23, 17–54, 56, 59, 63, 71, I 72, 73n2, 74n10, 74n16, 75n20, id , 5, 20, 149, 154, 156, 157 75n32, 95, 98, 100, 117n76, idealizable selfobject, 72, 97, 117n77, 118n91, 131, 140, 98, 102, 124 145n19, 150, 158–61, idealization, 3, 11, 13, 22, 26, 166n51–7, 166n60–2, 167n63 29–31, 34, 40–2, 97, 98, 101 Kohut, Thomas A., 10, 14n12, 15n25 idealized parent-imago, 22 Korean Catholic Church, 133 idealizing selfobject experience, 29, Korean Christians, 85–9, 99–101, 30, 46, 67, 73, 97–102, 136 104, 108, 110–13, 134, 138 image of God, 86, 110, 139, 140 Korean group self, 3, 12, 13, 48, Independence Movement 55–74, 91, 93, 95, 100, 102, of Korea, 110, 111 109–11, 113, 121–46, 162, 163 190 INDEX

Korean independence, 72, 135 mirroring image, 140 Korean Protestant Church, mirroring selfobject experience, 27, 28, 1, 7, 14, 83, 100, 108–10, 31, 89–97, 127, 136, 139, 140 121–44, 150, 163, 164 missionaries at Wonsan, 1, 78 Korean war, 110, 129, 134, 163 Moffett, Samuel H., 7, 92, 116n55 Mona Lisa , 151 Moore, J. Z., 101, 117n73, 118n83 L Moose, J. R., 81, 114n9, 114n12, leadership, 9, 42, 43, 85, 111, 114n17 132, 141–4, 164 mystic practice, 14 Lee, Cheol, 9 Myung Dong Cathedral, 133 Lee, Man Yeol, 8, 15n17, 119n98 Lee, Yong Do , 105, 118n81 Leonardo da Vinci and a Memory N of His Childhood , 4 narcissism, 5, 10, 12, 18, 24, 28, libidinal drive, 19, 20, 28 37, 48n5, 97, 102, 149, 150, libidinal investment, 24, 48n5 155, 158, 160, 161 Lichtenberg, Joseph, 25 narcissistic balance, 78, 86 Lifton, Robert Jay, 4, 14n4 narcissistic equilibrium, 10, 39, 102 Lincoln, Abraham, 10, 15n26, 44 narcissistic harm, 62 narcissistic needs, 6, 29, 32, 65, 69, 95–7, 159, 161 M narcissistic personality disorders, 17 Mahoney, Annette, 137, 146n27, narcissistic rage, 10, 18, 35, 44, 71 146n32 narcissistic requirement, 135 Margaret N. Baker., 17, 48n1 narcissistic tension, 127 maternal empathy, 126 narcissistic transferences, 17, 53n134 Mazlish, Bruce, 4, 14n6 national self, 60, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, McCune, George, 81, 114n14, 73, 91, 109–11 114n24, 115n31 New Introductory Lectures on Psycho- Mckenzie, Frederick, 110 Analysis , 149, 153, 156, 158 Meares, Russell, 28, 50n58 1907 Revival Movement in Korea, Merkur, Daniel, 155 13, 45, 163 messianic leadership, 42 Nirvana, 155 methodist missionary, 78 No, Dae Joon, 8, 15n18 methodology , 3, 18, 19, 144n7 nuclear self, 21–3, 34, 36 microinternalization, 39 Min, Kyung Bae, 8, 14n15 mirroring, 3, 6, 11–13, 22, 27–9, 31, O 33, 34, 40, 47, 56, 58, 65, 67–9, object love, 12, 18, 48n5, 155, 158 72, 73, 77, 89–97, 100, 105, 111, object relations theory, 5 121, 124, 127, 128, 130, 134, 136, oceanic feeling, 149–67 139, 140, 143, 144, 159, 160, 162 Oedipal complex, 18, 19 INDEX 191 optimal frustration, 38–40 psychological equilibrium, 41 overempathy, 127–31, 136, 163 psychological maturation, 13 psychological processes, 2, 3, 11, 13, 44, 45, 110, 124 P puritanical theological ideas, 135 Paik, L. George, 86, 114n19, 115n35, Puritan moralism, 100 116n52, 117n62, 117n71 Pyeongyang, 1, 79–81, 84, 105, 110 Park, Jeong Hee, 125 Park, Jong Hyun, 8, 14n16 Parsons, William, 155 Q Pentecostal counseling, 98 Queen Min , 10, 62 personality, 10, 13, 14n12, 17, 20, 22, 33–6, 43, 47, 53n134, 107, 156, 157, 160 R Pollard, Harriet, 92 radical reform party, 71, 72 Presbyterian Mission (north) reaction-formation, 151 in Korea, 86 reality ego, 34, 90 primary narcissism, 37, 48n5, reductionism, 4–6 149, 155, 160 regression, 28, 44, 149, 152, 155, projection, 127 157, 158, 160, 161 Protectorate Treaty, 62 relationship, 4, 6, 12, 13, 14n16, 17, Protestant Christianity, 1, 59, 86, 91, 18, 21–3, 25, 29–33, 35–42, 98, 100, 104, 105, 118n94 44, 45, 47, 48n5, 52n101, 55–8, Protestant church, 1, 7, 14, 83, 60, 74n3, 75n23, 79, 83, 85, 88, 86, 91, 92, 94, 98, 100, 102, 90, 94–8, 101–5, 123, 137, 139, 104, 108–10, 112, 121–44, 141, 158, 159, 162 150, 163, 164 relativized autonomy, 138 Protestantism, 8, 87, 98–101, religion, 6, 11, 13, 45–8, 69, 70, 73, 103, 112, 122 86, 87, 91, 94, 97–9, 108, 112, psychic structures, 5, 39, 40, 114n18, 118n94, 122, 123, 133, 127, 156, 157 135, 138, 144n1, 149, 150, psychoanalysis, 18, 23, 36, 52n101, 152–4, 156, 158–62 116n60, 149, 150, 156–8, religion of shamanism, 108 161, 166n62 religious experiences, 2, 3, 5–11, psychoanalytic community, 41 13, 25, 26, 45–8, 77–83, 85, 89, psychoanalytic cure, 38, 94 90, 96, 97, 102, 104–7, 109–11, psychoanalytic therapy, 121, 137, 149, 160–2 17, 37, 93, 94, 149, 161 religious materialism, 128–31 psychobiography, 4 repentance, 9, 11, 78, 80, 81, psychohistorical, 3, 5–7, 9–12, 121 88, 90, 93, 94, 107, 113 psychohistory, 3–5, 14n11 repression, 34, 153, 161 psychological bedrock, 19, 20 resonance, 35, 37, 123, 159 psychological defi cit of the self, 96 rice Christians, 86 192 INDEX

Rolland, Romain, 149, 154, 156 selfobject functions, 11, 31, 40, 44–6, Roman Catholic Church, 53n134, 55–9, 66, 69, 70, 73, 69, 133, 163 77–119, 121, 124, 125, 128–32, Ross, J. Robert, 79 141, 143, 144, 160–4 Russian-Japan War, 80 selfobject transference, 28, 36, 37, 44, Russo-Japanese War, 87 53n134 self psychology, 3, 5, 6, 10, 12, 13, 14n12, 17–54, 63, 96, 98, 100, S 131, 158 St.Gregory, 89 self status, 65 Sa, Mi Ja, 141, 146n35 self structure, 33, 38, 41, 44, 45, Sam-il (March 1) Independence 53n134, 73, 97, 126–8, 130, Movement, 110, 111 136, 137, 159, 160, 162, 163 Samyorok , 104 self-surrender, 132, 135–40, 164 Sandeen, Ernest R., 87, 115n38 self-worth, 12, 55, 91, 92, 121, Schermer, V.L., 44, 53n134 138–40 self-abandonment, 137, 139 sense of belonging, 106–8 self-absorption, 127 sense of defeat, 2, 3, 13, 79 self-acceptance, 132, 135–40, sense of deprivation, 27, 87 146n32, 164 sense of diffusion, 137 self-affi rmation, 26 sense of greatness, 91 self-aggrandizement, 28 sense of self, 3, 5, 6, 9–10, 12, 13, 20, self-autonomy, 138 26, 31, 55, 65, 68, 69, 88, 90–2, self-cohesion-maintaining selfobject, 95, 106, 110, 121, 131, 136, 12, 13, 29, 31, 55, 162 139, 140, 162 self-consciousness, 34 sense of shame, 102 self-development, 19, 21, 33–5, 40 sense of upliftment, 46, 97 self-esteem, 13, 22, 27, 34, 59, 69, Seo, Jae Pil, 72, 112 70, 95, 127, 139, 140 servant leadership, 141–3 self-fi rmness, 137 Sharp, C. E., 98, 112, 117n64, self-fragmentation, 3, 13 119n102 selfhood, 25, 26 Shinminwhoe , 134 self-integration, 26 Sino-Japanese war, 84, 87 self-loss, 138 social reformation movements, 111 selfobject, 3, 5, 6, 10–13, 17–59, spiritual experiences, 78, 79, 62–73, 77–119, 121, 124, 125, 83, 97, 105 127–44, 149–67 spirituality, 9, 45, 69, 108, selfobject experiences, 3, 5, 12, 13, 114n18, 123, 129 17–54, 67, 73, 77, 89–108, split off, 34, 44 121, 124, 127, 131, 134–6, 139, Stolorow, Robert D., 25, 44, 140, 161, 162 50n46, 53n132 INDEX 193

Stone, Walter N., 44, 53n121, U 53n122, 54n132 unconscious, 2, 4, 5, 18, 20, Strozier, Charles, 10, 14n4, 15n23, 36, 85, 89, 151, 152, 155 15n26–8, 44–7, 49n40, 51n65, Underwood, H.G., 7, 84, 53n124, 53n127, 54n138, 104, 113n3 54n139, 54n146, 54n148, universal obsessional neurosis, 153 54n149, 116n60, 167n65 Student Volunteer Movement (SVM), 87, 93, 115n40 V sublimation, 14, 149–67 value-neutral mode of superego, 5, 18, 20, 43, 157 observation, 37 SVM . See Student Volunteer vertical split, 34 Movement (SVM) vicarious introspection, 18, 37 Vinci, Leonardo da, 4, 151, 164n9

T Talchum , 65 W Teicholz, Judith Guss, 35, 52n93 Wasson, Alfred W., 7, 92, 114n4, tension arc, 23 116n51 therapeutic milieu, 77 Weber, Max, 9 therapeutic relationship, 17, 32, 139 Wells, J. Hunter, 86, 115n36 therapeutic setting, 30, 40, 93 we-ness, 41, 42, 57, 74n8 totemism , 153 Wolf, Ernest, 23, 25, 49n36, Tragic Man, 20 50n48–50, 51n80, 51n87, transferences, 17, 23, 24, 28–30, 32, 116n58, 167n68 36, 37, 42, 44, 48n5, 53n134, Woo, Wan Yong , 9, 15n19 90, 91 working-through process, 72 transformational leadership, 141–4, 164 transmuting internalization, 39, 44 traumatic injury, 61 Y true object, 24, 158 yangban , 56, 66 true relationship, 95 Yi, Saek, 57 true self, 58, 138 YMCA . See Young Men's twinship, 3, 6, 11–13, 26–8, 31–3, Christian Association 47, 58, 73, 77, 102–8, 111, 121, (YMCA) 124, 130, 134, 136, 162 Young Man Luther , 4 twinship selfobject, 31–3, 47, 58, Young Men's Christian 73, 77, 102–8, 121, 124, Association 134, 136, 162 (YMCA), 134 twinship transference, 28, 32 Yun, Chi-Ho, 112