“PTW in different regions in the world - ”

Motorcyclists Safety Workshop: Riding in a Safe System

Thursday, 10th June 2021

1 Content

. Regional facts and figures (, economic indicators, population, …)

. Motorcycle use (predominant use and type of motorcycles, PTW fleet size and trend, data on commercial operations)

. Motorcycle safety situation (accident/fatality trend and patterns, insights from research)

. Areas of attention, among others: - Inclusion in mobility policy, commercial operations - Training and licensing, and other user aspects - Road infrastructure situation and challenges - Technology, vehicle aspects and local/regional vehicle requirements

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 2 ACEM

. Established in 1994 . Based in Brussels . Representing at EU level the L-category industry (mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles, quadricycles) . 18 manufacturers, 32 brands, 20 national associations (+ SMEs)

. Member of Regional facts and figures - EU

. Population: 454 million EU/741 million Europe . 27 EU Member states . GDP EU : € 16,464.2 billion (source: Eurostat, 2019)

. Policies and legislative instruments: - UN/EU/ National level

. EU - leader in safe and sustainable road transport in the world . EU Target 2020 – 2030: 50% reduction of casualties and serious injuries; VISION ZERO – 2050 . Safe system approach

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 4 Motorcycle use

PTW circulating park 2000 - 2019

Total PTWs Circulating park x 1.000 MCs Circulating park x 1.000 MPs Circulating park x 1.000

45 000

40 000 38 207 38 858 38 834 38 783 37 338 37 637 36 523 36 956 35 000 34 136 34 551 34 483 33 324 33 532 32 519 32 785 30 564 31 208 30 000 29 687 28 279 28 379

25 000 25 132 25 290 25 272 24 081 24 608 23 206 23 468 23 617 21 225 20 000 20 279 20 774 19 077 19 547 18 042 17 073 16 249 15 000 14 967 1514 615914 14 924 15 412 15 247 14 790 14 169177 14 687 14 138 14 076 13 458 13 857 13 777 13 258 13 317 13 488 13 721 13 556 13 599 13 771 13 703 13 670

10 000

5 000

- 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Source: IRTAD 40 million European citizens on PTWs

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 5 Motorcycle use – great diversity

New registrations, mobility New registrations, leisure segment segment (2019), (2019), 54% of all registrations 46% of all registrations 1% 5%

26% Adventure 32% Sport/Touring Mopeds Street Scooters 3% Street Classic 68% 65% Touring

Great diversity of: COMMUTING/COMMERCIAL USE . Vehicles . Owners LEISURE/SPORT/TOURISM . Patterns . Purposes

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 6 Different PTW use in different regions

Mobility tool in Southern Europe

Leisure tool in Northern Europe

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 7 Motorcycle safety situation

Killed total/MC/MP riders

Total PTWs Killed MPs Killed MCs Killed

8 000 7 612 7 590 7 240 7 261 7 000 7 077 6 958 7 111 6 787 6 237 6 000 6 023 5 573 5 249 5 218 5 159 5 222 5 263 5 148 5 284 5 204 5 000 5 070 4 985 4 925 4 633 4 300 4 321 4 334 4 314 4 391 4 2764 285 4 117 4 268 4 000 3 869 3 675 3 688 3 753 3 6913 744 3 633 3 504 3 000 2 503 2 291 2 000 1 978 2 047 1 805 1 639 1 578 1 456 1 264 1 000 1 115 977 870 755 655 673 617 604 542 588 528 - 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

PTW riders (-) 44% PTW fatality decreases in line with overall MC riders (-) 26%; MP riders (-) 74% reduction trend in EU Source: IRTAD Source: EC, 2019

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 8 Motorcycle safety situation

Ratio killed/10000 vehicles

Total PTWs Ratio Killed / 10.000 PTWs MCs Ratio Killed / 10.000 MCs MPs Ratio Killed / 10.000 MPs

4.00

3.77 3.70 3.50 3.49 3.30 3.21 3.08 3.00 2.85 2.92 2.69 2.67 2.50 2.55 2.44 2.38 2.43 2.27 2.14 2.17 2.00 2.04 2.07 2.04 1.86 1.69 1.76 1.62 1.67 1.50 1.53 1.51 1.57 1.54 1.53 1.42 1.49 1.46 1.48 1.35 1.37 1.27 1.21 1.17 1.16 1.17 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.00 1.06 1.03 1.03 1.08 0.90 0.80 0.71 0.66 0.57 0.50 0.49 0.49 0.46 0.44 0.39 0.43 0.39

- 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 9 Insights from research

Primary Accident Contributing Factors

500 Human factor: 88 % of all cases 450 222 400 91 OV drivers: largely responsible for 350 13 27 crashes 300 51 250 - 50% of all MAIDS cases 200 123 337 150 - 61% multi-vehicle accidents 33 100 50 110 PTW riders: responsible for 37% crashes 0 PTW rider OV drive r Perception failure Comprehension failure www.maids-study.eu Decision failure Reaction failure Other failure

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 10 Inclusion in mobility policy

. New EU Strategy for Sustainable and Smart Mobility, December 2020

. Urban mobility package – expected

. Only 5 countries (, , , UK and the ) have PTW specific safety strategy. . Necessity of creating safer environment for motorcyclists across Europe

National, regional and local policymakers should embrace inclusive motorcycle mobility and safety policies, benefiting users as well as the rest of society.

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 11 Training and licensing

. 3DLD (2013) - The licencing approach towards motorcycling = completely new system: - Introduced new categories - AM moped licence included (previously national licence), A2 35 kW - Graduated access: fixed 2 years intervals between licences, test or training for step-up - MS allowed to delay access to A1, A2, A with up to 2 years - Direct access to A category delayed till 24 years (previously 21 years)

European legal framework regulating access to PTW vehicles focuses on progressive access

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 12 Personal protective equipment

Adapting protective equipment to different needs

. Regulation (EU) 2016/425 on personal protective equipment (PPE), 2018: “PPE must provide adequate protection against the risks which it is intended to protect” . European MC garments standards adopted, 2020 (Shifting from professional use to everyday use)

Helmets - obligatory in all EU Member States. Other PPE – optional. UN regulation 22 for motorcycle helmets – fully applicable. The current fifth revision of the regulation (ECE 22.05) will be replaced by UN Regulation 22.06.

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 13 Road infrastructure

Revised EU Road Infrastructure Safety Management Directive: . Mandatory risk mapping and safety rating for roads of the strategic Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T), motorways and primary roads by 2024 . Specific focus on vulnerable road users including motorcyclists.

MCs are often neglected in transport and infrastructure plans. Adequately including MCs in road infrastructure research, design, development and deployment is essential for riders’ safety.

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 14 Technology, vehicle aspects and local/regional vehicle requirements

. Regulation 168/2013 + delegated acts as of 01/01/2016 Directly applying in Member States: - New classification: 7 vehicle categories and 20 sub-categories - Environmental requirements - Construction requirements - Functional safety requirements - Administrative requirements

Mandatory technologies: 1. ABS/CBS - from 2016 (for ‘new’ types, for ‘existing’ types from 2017):- 125 cc or below - either ABS or CBS (or both types of advanced brake systems), OEM choice; above 125cc - anti-lock brake system. 2. Automatic switching-on of lighting (AHO) – mandatory for all PTW since 2016, for ‘new’ types, for ‘existing’ types from 2017 Harmonised periodic technical inspections in EU – Directive 2014/45/EU - from 1st January 2022 compulsory PTI for PTW

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE Technology, vehicle aspects and local/regional vehicle requirements

. Further advanced safety technologies – available on the market: - stopping right in time - headlamps and lights - suspension and stability systems - advanced rider assistance systems

. On-going work on paving the way for deployment of embedded into the vehicle eCall for MC.

. 2016: European Strategy on Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS), milestone towards cooperative, connected and automated mobility. . 2018: “On the road to automated mobility: An EU strategy for mobility” - accelerated deployment of CCAM, making Europe a world leader in this domain. . Vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication has high potential to improve road safety for all users, including MC riders, in EU.

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 16 Motorcycle Industry’s Safety Strategy

• Launched on 1st April 2020 • Welcomed by the EC – foreword by the European Commissioner for Transport • Full strategy, summary, interactive infographics, deliverables https://roadsafetystrategy.acem.eu/

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 17 Thank you!

Antonio Perlot, Secretary General, ACEM

[email protected]

PTW in different regions in the world - EUROPE 18