IMPENDING POWER SHORTFALL THIS YEAR New Act to replace the HEADING FOR Yahapalana Central Bank Act BLACKOUTS?

RS. 70.00 PAGES 80 / SECTIONS 6 VOL. 03 – NO. 15 SUNDAY, JANUARY 10, 2021

INDIAN FM TOURS COVID BURIALS: COLOMBO AS FUTURE OF GOVT. IGNORES PCS HANGS IN BALANCE COMMITTEE »SEE PAGE 3 »SEE PAGES 6 & 7 »SEE PAGE 5 »SEE BUSINESS PAGE 1 GENERAL PREVENTIVE GUIDELINES For verified information on the coronavirus (Covid-19) contact any of the following authorities Suwasariya Ambulance Service 1999 Health Promotion Bureau Quarantine Unit 0112 112 705 1990 Epidemiology Unit 0112 695 112 Govt. coronavirus hotline 0113071073 PRESIDENTIAL SPECIAL TASK FORCE FOR ESSENTIAL SERVICES Telephone 0114354854, 0114733600 Wash hands with soap for 40-60 Wear a commercially available mask/ Maintain a minimum distance Use gloves when shopping, using Use traditional Sri Lankan greeting Always wear a mask, avoid crowded Hotline 0113456200-4 seconds, or rub hands with alcohol- cloth mask or a surgical mask at all of 1 metre from others, especially public transport, etc. and discard into at all times instead of handshaking, vehicles, maintain distance, and wash Fax 0112333066, 0114354882 based handrub for 20-30 seconds times in public places in public places a lidded bin lined with a bag hugging, and/or kissing hands before and after travelling Email [email protected] EXPRESSWAY INVESTMENT COMPANY End of road for RDA? z Rs. 1 billion annual loss for RDA: TUs z Only know of a company being formed: RDA

BY MAHEESHA MUDUGAMUWA Accordingly, the lands in high attached to the RDA alleged. take necessary action to handover cabinet paper that it is recommended demand in commercial cities such In a cabinet paper submitted by the expressways to the EIC and to handover lands adjoining The Road Development Authority (RDA) is at risk of losing billions of as Hambantota, Battaramulla, the Finance Ministry in October order the Land Development highways to this company in order rupees due to the proposed Expressway Investment Company (EIC) Colombo Fort, and Dambulla where last year which was seen by The Authority and the Housing Ministry to raise its capital and also to use which is attempting to take over several high income-generating the expressways’ entry/exit points Sunday Morning, approval had been to handover any land to the these lands to launch mixed expressways together with the lands adjoining the entry/exit points would be running to, are to be taken sought from the Cabinet to order said company. development projects. at expressways which are in high demand, The Sunday Morning learnt. over by the EIC, the trade unions the Highways Ministry Secretary to Furthermore, it is stated in the Contd. on page 2 COVID-19 VACCINATION FINAL DECISION ON ECT MMDA REFORMS National plan Pending cabinet Female Quazis this week The national plan on rolling out to be appointed the Covid-19 vaccine programme is committees’ reports z to be finalised by Tuesday (12), with z Unions to step up opposition Minimum age of marriage and the Covid-19 Vaccine Committee A final decision on the controversial Colombo Port is to be taken, following bride’s consent to be included looking to publish its details within Memorandum of Co-operation (MoC) the recommendations by the two BY LAHIRU POTHMULLA the course of the week, The Sunday signed between India, Japan, and Sri committees appointed by the Cabinet of Morning learnt. Lanka to jointly develop the East Ministers, The Sunday Morning learnt. In addition to stipulating the minimum age Contd. on page 2 Container Terminal (ECT) at the Contd. on page 2 of marriage, the Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act (MMDA) is being reformed to include EXORBITANT HOTEL ACCOMMODATION BILLS female Quazis, who are judges under the said Not forced to undergo 300 MW LNG POWER PLANT law, and to seek the consent of the bride to be. SL-India to Contd. on page 2 paid quarantine: SLBFE VICTORIA DAM STABILITY z form company Amending quarantine regulations under discussion Following the resumption of long- Covid-19 delays BY SARAH HANNAN migrant workers to bear heavy delayed negotiations last week with the The Bureau of accommodation costs in order to visiting Indian External Affairs Minister int’l experts’ visit Foreign Employment (SLBFE) undergo quarantine at designated S. Jaishankar, the 300 MW liquefied z Inspection to take up to five months has affirmed that at no point hotels, The Sunday Morning learnt. natural gas (LNG) power plant is now have they forced any repatriated Contd. on page 2 back on track, as a joint company is to The arrival of a team of foreign experts be formed between India and Sri Lanka that was to inspect the structural stability CAPITAL HEIGHTS towards commencing construction work, of the Victoria Reservoir Dam has been The Sunday Morning learnt. postponed due to the Covid-19 situation in CAPITALRS. 34 MILLION HEIGHTS Contd. on page 2 Sri Lanka, The Sunday Morning learnt. UPWARDSRS. 34 MILLION Contd. on page 2 UPWARDS MAHARA PRISON CLASH NEW CONSTITUTION CAPITAL HEIGHTSReconstruction ACMC RS. 34 MILLION backs PCs VISIT OUR Muslim political UPWARDSWEBSITE to cost approx. parties in Parliament CAPITALVISIT HEIGHTS+94 OUR 763112233 have differed from the RS.35SHOW APARTMENT MILLIONWEBSITE UPWARDSRS. 34 MILLION ’s READY FOR INSPECTION UPWARDS Rs. 46 million (TNA) proposal for the zAll 11 prisoners died due to gunshot injuries new constitution, which +94 763112233 VISIT OUR PROJECT NEARING COMPLETION BY RUWAN LAKNATH JAYAKODY November last year, according consisted of replacing SHOW APARTMENT WEBSITE to the Department of Valuation, provincial councils VISIT OUR An estimated sum of The Sunday Morning learnt. (PCs) with regional +94 763112233WEBSITE READY FOR INSPECTION SHOW APARTMENT www.capitalheights.lk approximately Rs. 46 All 11 prisoners who were councils and the SHOW APARTMENT +94 763112233 million would be incurred killed in the Mahara Prison decentralisation of power READY FORREADY INSPECTION FOR INSPECTION for the reconstruction of all incident on 29 and 30 November to allow equality in local PROJECT NEARING COMPLETION the buildings damaged at died due to gunshot injuries, The government bodies, PROJECT NEARINGPROJECT NEARING COMPLETION COMPLETION the Mahara Prison during Sunday Morning further learnt. it is learnt. the clashes that erupted in Contd. on page 2 Contd. on page 2

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Although the maintenance of the dam has been valuation report, she further added that while refraining from commenting on TNA’s End of road... conducted according to international standards, investigations were ongoing along four angles Female Quazis... proposals regarding the same, told The Sunday It is also proposed, as a measure to increase the international team of experts was scheduled including “the damage to public property and Based on the existing MMDA law, a female Morning: “As the SLMC, we have our own the revenue of the particular company, that to visit and assess the stability of the Victoria who is responsible, arson, whether the shooting can be married off with her father’s consent. proposals that we plan to make; especially the between 10-15% of the company shares be Reservoir Dam as well as other reservoirs that occurred was justifiable, and the conspiracy However, the proposed change seeks to include grassroots-level political activists have wanted issued. Furthermore, it has also been sought to including Randenigala Dam, Kotmale Dam, among inmates”. the bride’s consent. to weigh in on the changes that should be made enable the company to raise its capital as well as and Senanayake Samudraya. Further hearings of the inquest were put forward Additional Secretary (Legal) to the Ministry in the new constitution, but unfortunately, since to obtain loan facilities. Since the dam protection project has been in to 12 February. of Justice Piyumanthi Peiris told The Sunday certain areas were placed under lockdown, we However, Road Development Employees Union place since 1985, the stability of the Victoria The incident at the Mahara Prison which erupted Morning that while seeking the consent of the could not complete our meeting with them to (RDEU) President B.M.D.K. Bandaranaike told Reservoir Dam has been assessed and fortified on the afternoon of 29 November and continued father was previously sufficient, this would now gather their suggestions.” The Sunday Morning that if the Government goes on five occasions over the past 35 years, the well into the afternoon of 30 November, resulted be replaced in the proposed amendment through Kariapper noted that those in electorates in the ahead with the proposal, the RDA would be losing Mahaweli Authority confirmed. in the deaths of 11 prisoners, eight of whom had the inclusion of the consent of the bride to be. Eastern Province, affiliated to the SLMC, had been approximately Rs. 1 billion per year while the The Victoria Dam has been built to resist posthumously tested positive for Covid-19; caused She said that it has also been proposed to keen on contributing towards the new constitution, indirect losses would amount to billions of rupees. seismic activity at a magnitude of up to 3.5 on the injuries to both inmates and officers; and caused amend the MMDA to include female Quazis. but that following the Covid-19 second wave as He said the total allocation for the payment of Richter Scale, and none of the recent tremors in damage to property. Furthermore, Peiris said that a proposal has well as the lockdowns and isolation that ensued salaries of RDA staff is around Rs. 8.5 billion per the surroundings of Digana, Kandy have breached Previously, Magistrate Sri Ragala gave an been made to stipulate the minimum required over the past month, they were unable to complete year and that the Treasury is allocating around the maximum limit of such resistance. order for the cremation of the bodies of eight educational qualifications and a maximum age the drafting of their suggestions. Rs. 6 billion. The rest is provided by the RDA A total of 210 megawatts is generated by of the victims who had posthumously tested limit for Quazis. “We have, therefore, requested for another through the direct income generated from the the Victoria Hydropower Project Dam for the positive for Covid-19, and whose cause of death “Only a lawyer or a degree holder of a month from the experts committee to allow us expressways and the indirect income earned via national grid and it also irrigates farmlands in was listed in the report submitted confidentially recognised university can be a Quazi and he to send in our proposals and recommendations,” expressways termed as “other income”. the Mahaweli B and C zones. The reservoir has by the panel which conducted the post-mortem or she should be below 65 years of age,” Peiris Kariapper explained. “If we lose the highways and the other income a water capacity of 722 million cubic metres. examinations, as due to gunshot injuries. At a further stated. Meanwhile, it is learnt that the ACMC, which earnings, the RDA would be in a dire situation Investigations are still continuing to confirm previous hearing, the Magistrate had also ordered On 6 January, Minister of Justice Ali Sabry is another coalition party of the SJB, noted that where it would not be able to pay the salaries of whether the Earth tremors are occurring consequent the CID to expedite investigations into the incident said in Parliament that measures are being taken they are very much in favour of continuing with the staff,” he alleged. to limestone mining. and to record statements from all, including both to prevent underage marriages by reforming the the current PC system. When contacted by The Sunday Morning, RDA According to GSMB Chairman Anura Walpola, prisoners and officers, who sustained injuries Muslim matrimonial law. When inquired about their thoughts on the Chairman Chaminda Athaluwage however said steps will be taken to control limestone quarries in during the unrest. “Muslim underage marriages should be stopped TNA’s proposal to replace PCs with regional that it was too early to comment on the EIC, as Mahaweli lands. The GSMB announced last week Elsewhere, the committee appointed in this by making 18 years the minimum age required councils and to decentralise power to allow for the RDA is yet to receive all the information that if seismic waves are generated when mining connection by the Minister of Justice handed in its for marriage. Measures are being taken in this equality in the periphery, ACMC Chairman MP about the relevant Cabinet decision. activities are carried out, the mining companies final report and it has since been forwarded to the regard to prevent underage marriages,” he said. Ameer Ali Seyed Mohammad Shihabdeen told At present, what we all know is that a company would be required to halt their operations. Cabinet of Ministers for observations. Attorney- Minister Sabry told The Sunday Morning that The Sunday Morning: “The main concern they is to be formed, he added. Furthermore, the GSMB is also to regulate the at-Law Senaka Perera, whilst addressing the same the Ministry will send the amendments to the have is of holding power in the Northern and license issuance process for quarries to operate media briefing organised by the LFP, expressed Legal Draftsman once the Cabinet of Ministers Eastern Provinces. However, the ACMC will be in potentially dangerous areas that are located in doubts as to whether the report submitted by approves them. very much in favour of retaining the PC system National plan... the vicinity of the said reservoir. the said committee would amount to anything. “We cannot give a precise time frame. Basically, in the new constitution. In addition to that, we Speaking to The Sunday Morning on Friday While focus has been turned towards improving Moreover, certain members of the families of it is out of our control. Once the Cabinet approves have also submitted our own proposals. The (8), Covid-19 Vaccine Committee Chairman and the dam structure stability of reservoirs under the the deceased have, in connection with the matter, it, we will send it to the Legal Draftsman’s contents of the proposal are too premature to be Senior Advisor to the President Lalith Weeratunga Mahaweli Authority, The Sunday Morning learnt already lodged complaints with the Human Rights Department and they will prepare the draft,” shared, as the experts committee drafting the new said: “We are finalising the necessary paperwork that the Irrigation Department too is considering Commission. he said. constitution will have to take our suggestions into to bring down the vaccine. However, we still fortifying their reservoir and canal structures. The need for reforms to the MMDA has been consideration,” Shihabdeen noted. have not made a call on which vaccine we would When contacted, Director General of Irrigation at the forefront of public discourse due to the Political parties have been busy submitting their be bringing in. The committee will meet on 11 Eng. K.D.Nihal Siriwardana explained: “We Not forced... agitations from women’s rights groups and various proposals to be included in the new constitution, January for deliberations, and by 12 January, we completed a dam structure fortification programme When contacted by The Sunday Morning efforts being made over the years to amend such. while the experts committee appointed to draft the will brief President Gotabaya Rajapaksa, Minister in 2019 for the main reservoirs that are under in order to verify social media posts that were new constitution is in receipt of several proposals of Health , and State the Department. This did not give prominence circulating over the past week on migrant workers at present. Minister of Primary Health Care, Epidemics, to the stability of dams in terms of withstanding being asked to have sufficient money to pay SL-India... and Covid-19 Disease Control Dr. Sudharshini seismic activity that could occur in the region. for their flight ticket and quarantine-related Accordingly, the joint company would be Fernandopulle.” Moreover, since the reservoirs are in low-lying accommodation, SLBFE Spokesperson Mangala formed between India’s largest power utility, Pending cabinet... Weeratunga said the national plan will be areas, the probable disasters that could occur are Randeniya said: “Over the past few months, some National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. (NTPC) Accordingly, the project committee is published after the authorities decide on which fairly minimal.” of the migrant workers that lost their jobs arrived and Sri Lanka’s Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB). currently evaluating the MoC, and once the vaccines would be ordered and the dates on However, Eng. Siriwardana noted that following in Sri Lanka and stayed at these hotels designated Nevertheless, the Government has not yet recommendations are given, the Cabinet-appointed which the vaccination programme would be the recent seismic activities that were reported by the Covid-19 Prevention Task Force where announced the final decision on the handing Negotiating Committee (CANC) will look into implemented. in the area of the Mahaweli Authority-managed they bore the expenses involved and completed over of the LNG power project to India which the entire MoC and give its recommendations to The Ministry of Health and the State Ministry Victoria Reservoir, the need to install monitoring the quarantine period. These groups personally was proposed by the previous Government when the Cabinet, Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA) of Primary Healthcare, Epidemics, and Covid-19 tools has arisen. chose to arrive in Sri Lanka, bearing all expenses.” cancelling the plans for a 500 MW Indian-built Chairman Gen. (Retd.) Daya Ratnayake said. Disease Control affirmed that the vaccination The reservoirs that belong to the Mahaweli However, the regular quarantine procedure, coal-fired power plant at its strategic eastern port He told The Sunday Morning that the two programme is scheduled to be rolled out mid- Authority are situated in the Hill Country, and if a where people have been registered with the city of Trincomalee in 2016. committees are currently looking at the MoC February, and that if there are any delays, the dam breach takes place, it can affect a collection SLBFE and the relevant consular services, is However, Power Minister signed between the three countries, and that they vaccinations would be made available earliest of human settlements and cause a major disaster. still in place, Randeniya explained. said the Indian proposal was included into a recent are not evaluating any proposals submitted by by the first week of March. Therefore, ensuring the stability of dams and “A person registered with the government cabinet proposal from the Ministry together with any private companies. With the national plan billed to be drafted this the constant monitoring of seismic activities are repatriation process would have to wait for their other proposals from Japan and Korea. When queried specifically about the proposal week, it will take into consideration the priority important, Siriwardana explained. turn to return to the country and upon arrival, would “The 300 MW LNG power plant project was by the Adani Group of India, he said: “Those are list of the 20% that will be inoculated in the initial be directed to a free-of-charge quarantine centre an agreement between the Governments of Sri just speculations and such a proposal is not being stage, the availability of logistics to transport and maintained by the Sri Lanka Army. However, the Lanka and India in 2016. This was proposed evaluated by the committees.” store the vaccine, the regulations that need to be Reconstruction to... repatriation process will slow down from time to instead of the Sampur coal power project which Sri Lanka signed the MoC for the development in place, the recommended dosage pertaining to This was revealed when the hearings of the time, as the total capacity that is allocated for the was cancelled at the last moment in 2015,” he of the ECT with India and Japan on the discussions the course of vaccinations, and the vaccination inquest proceedings (case number B/3118/2020) repatriated Sri Lankans who arrive is currently told The Sunday Morning. among the heads of governments during 2017- aftercare preparedness required in order to respond into the recent deaths of 11 prisoners at the Mahara at 6,000,” Randeniya elaborated. When queried as to whether the Government 2019 and on the Cabinet decisions taken on 30 to those who develop side effects. Prison were taken up at the Wattala-Welisara In order to expedite the repatriation process, would be going ahead with the proposal, he said May 2019. The MoC provides for the formation Sri Lanka submitted the first part of the Magistrate’s Court on Friday (8) before Magistrate the SLBFE and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that no decision has been taken in this regard by of a Terminal Operations Company (TOC), of application to be listed under the COVAX facility Buddhika Sri Ragala. is currently holding discussions with the health the Government yet. which 49% is jointly held by Japanese and Indian on 13 August 2020, containing information At previous hearings, it was revealed that eight authorities and the Covid-19 Prevention Task “As a country, we have given a commitment to shareholders while 51% is held by the SLPA. regarding the target group, the storage capacity, of the deceased who had posthumously tested Force to see whether the number of days spent India, as by the time the Government decided to In terms of the MoC, the TOC was to develop and technical information. Last week, the second positive for Covid-19 had died due to gunshot in quarantine could be reduced to seven. cancel the Sampur project, the power purchasing the ECT based on a Japanese loan to the SLPA, part of the application to obtain a limited quantity injuries. During a recent media briefing organised “If the person tests negative for Covid-19 after agreements between the two countries had also guaranteed by the Government of Japan. of the Covid-19 vaccine in the coming months by the Lawyers’ Forum for the People (LFP), the first PCR test, they should then be able to been signed,” Alahapperuma said, adding that However, since mid-June last year, there has was submitted to COVAX. Attorney-at-Law Chula Ranjeewa Adikari, who return home after seven days and would have to therefore, there was a government pledge made been vehement opposition by trade unions attached Sri Lanka was listed as a lower-middle-income also appears on behalf of the aggrieved party in undergo home quarantine for a period of three to India on the 300 MW LNG power plant. to the SLPA over the development of the ECT country that is eligible to participate in the COVAX the Mahara Prison incident, namely, the families weeks, while taking the second PCR test on Meanwhile, a well-informed source attached and the related involvement of India and Japan. facility supported by the COVAX AMC. The of the 11 deceased prisoners, claimed that the the first week of observing home quarantine,” to the Ministry of Power said that several rounds Instead, the unions have urged the Government 64 members of the facility will be joined by 92 deceased prisoners had, according to the post- Randeniya noted. of discussions were held between the two parties to hand it over to the SLPA. low and middle-income economies eligible for mortems, suffered injuries to their upper torso In this regard, Foreign Ministry Secretary under the previous Government, but that the The MoC was reached soon after China was support for the procurement of vaccines through region, which he opined was not in keeping with Admiral Prof. Jayanath Colombage said that new administration is yet to give its consent to given a controlling equity stake and a 99-year the COVAX AMC of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance self-defence-related gunfire. about 60,000 persons, as of the first week of the agreements reached between the two parties. lease of the Hambantota Port, and concerns have – a financing instrument aimed at supporting The interim report of the five-member January this year, have now registered with the Sri “India was keen on funding an LNG power been raised as to whether this deal is also a result the procurement of vaccines for these countries. committee appointed by Minister of Justice Ali Lankan consular services and diplomatic missions plant of around 500 MW, but under the CEB’s of escalating geopolitical competition between COVAX's initial aim is to have two billion Sabry to look into the origins of the deadly incident in various countries with the hope of returning Long-Term Energy Generation (Expansion) Plan, regional powers. doses available by the end of 2021, which they at the Mahara Prison, had observed that although to Sri Lanka. Out of the 61,787 persons brought the system could accommodate only another 300 Following the visit of the Indian Minister believe would be sufficient to protect high-risk gangs of warring prisoners at the Mahara Prison to Sri Lanka so far, through the Government’s MW and therefore, several rounds of discussions of External Affairs last week, the trade unions groups and vulnerable people, as well as frontline had been in possession of various weapons during repatriation process, 28,000 had been repatriated were held,” the source said, adding that at present, attached to the Colombo Port intensified their healthcare workers. the clash that occurred between rival groups on from the Middle East. the negotiations were at a standstill, as the CEB opposition, urging the Government to cancel In terms of low-income nations that are funded, 29 November, none of them had firearms, and Meanwhile, State Minister of Coconut, Kithul, has decided to go for project tendering. the MoC. who would otherwise be unable to afford these also that it was only the prison officers who had and Palmyrah Cultivation Promotion and Related When contacted by The Sunday Morning, CEB They alleged that steps were being taken by vaccines, as well as a number of high-income both possessed and used such. Industrial Product Manufacturing and Export Chairman Eng. said that the CEB the authorities to convert the MoC signed under self-financing countries that have no bilateral deals Speaking to The Sunday Morning on Friday, Diversification indicated was currently focusing on the tendering process the previous Government to a Memorandum of with the manufacturers of vaccines, COVAX will Committee for Protecting the Rights of Prisoners that many repatriated migrant workers had been and that the already approved power projects Understanding (MoU), giving legal recognition be a lifeline and the only viable way in which Chairman and Attorney-at-Law Senaka Perera, forced to undergo paid quarantine due to what he including the 300 MW LNG power plant had to the tripartite agreement arrived at between their citizens will get access to Covid-19 vaccines. who along with Attorneys-at-Law Thambiah described as the “money-making mafia”. been handed over to the independent power India, Japan, and Sri Lanka. Jeyaratnarajah, Achala Seneviratne, and P. “Today, a group of persons in the hospitality producer Lakdhanavi. Meanwhile, speaking to The Sunday Morning, Wijeratne appeared on behalf of the aggrieved sector have turned the quarantine process into a However, unsolicited proposals, such All Ceylon General Ports Employees’ Union Covid-19 delays... party, noted that the burial of three of the deceased business to bring in these migrant workers in a as government-to-government ones, will be (ACGPEU) Deputy General Secretary G. Niroshan The expert team, initially scheduled to arrive who were not Covid-19 positive was ordered by completely unfair manner,” Fernando explained. considered in the future if there is a request, he said. claimed that as per the cabinet proposal submitted in Sri Lanka this month, was called on to assess the Magistrate. Addressing a media briefing last week, Meanwhile, the CEB is to also call for tenders by Minister of Ports , the probable impacts on the dam due to the Further, the Magistrate, in connection with a Fernando said: “The returning migrant workers for the construction of the second LNG power the Government is now planning to hand over series of tremors that took place in the Kandy submission made previously by the attorneys have lost faith in the Government which they plant in Kerawalapitiya next month. Herath said the operation to India’s Adani Group. region last year. for the aggrieved party, said that the alleged voted into power. They have been asked to buy that along with the construction of the LNG power Even though it says that the ECT would be “The State Ministry of Canals and Common statements made by Minister of Industries Wimal their own ticket, and on top of that, pay exorbitant plant, the tender would also be called for the LNG operated by India, Japan, and Sri Lanka, it is Infrastructure Development in Settlements in Weerawansa and State Minister of Warehouse amounts for getting quarantined at hotels that the supply next month. Furthermore, he said that the revealed that India is trying to take the majority Mahaweli Zones was planning to bring these Facilities, Container Yards, Port Supply Facilities, Government has designated, and also pay for construction of the already tendered LNG power of the shares and gain full control of the terminal, international experts to the country this month, and Boats and Shipping Industry Development PCR tests that they have to undergo.” plant would commence next month. he alleged. but we have reconsidered inviting them at this to the effect that the Fernando proposed that should the returning “We have been protesting against the moment since the pandemic is not showing any consumption and abuse of a particular drug migrant workers test negative for Covid-19, they Government’s attempt for years, but it seems signs of slowing down. Even after they arrive in by prisoners had caused the mayhem, and that must be able to observe home quarantine, and that ACMC backs...... the Government is going ahead with its plan the country, they will have to spend about four the incident was the result of a clash between if that cannot be allowed, to observe quarantine The Sri Lanka Muslim Congress (SLMC) and without listening to the protests,” he claimed, to five months to analyse the data and submit two factions of prisoners, respectively, should at designated centres, free of charge. All Ceylon Makkal Congress (ACMC) shared adding that therefore, 23 unions of the SLPA had their observations and recommendations,” State be investigated, and reiterated the order to the “At present, they pay up to Rs 200,000 for their views regarding additional proposals they decided last week to take the struggle out of the Minister Siripala Gamalath told The Sunday Criminal Investigation Department (CID) to the airfare, then they are also asked to pay for have made and seek to propose them to the experts port and to obtain the support of everyone who Morning. obtain statements from the parties responsible the two PCR tests that are done through private committee drafting the new constitution. is concerned about protecting the ECT. Until such time, the teams that have been for making the said claims. medical laboratories, and in addition, they have The SLMC, which represents the parliamentary Highlighting the claim made by the authorities deployed by the Mahaweli Authority, the The CID investigations in this regard have not been forced to pay fraudulent agents in order to Opposition as an ally of the Samagi Jana that only 49% of the shares would be given to Geological Survey and Mines Bureau (GSMB), been concluded yet. be listed for the repatriation flights, which adds Balawegaya (SJB), has requested for an extension India and that the rest would be in the hands of and the Disaster Management Centre, along Attorney General’s (AG) Co-ordinating Officer another Rs. 15,000-20,000”. to submit their proposals to the experts committee the SLPA, trade union members stressed that the with academics in the field, will continue to State Counsel Nishara Jayaratne appeared for the This is a national tragedy that is unfolding and appointed to draft a new constitution for the ECT should be kept with the SLPA. No matter conduct their studies and update the State Ministry State. When contacted by The Sunday Morning, it is completely against the repatriation plan that country. what the amount of shares is, even 1% should not committee appointed in this regard. whilst commenting about the aforementioned was supposed to take place,” Fernando elaborated. SLMC General Secretary Nizam Kariapper, be handed over to India, they strongly opined. the sunday morning 3 Sunday, January 10, 2021 SPOTLIGHT/FOCUS

IMPENDING POWER SHORTFALL THIS YEAR Heading for

FAW on a maize tree shown by a farmer FALL ARMYWORM blackouts? z No decision yet on how to bridge impending power deficit Military solution z CEB to again propose extension of PPAs of three private companies

The Sapugaskanda that were broken has not been procured.” he Asia Power Plant is stated. questioned one of the power He went on to say that the period of less plants that are scheduled to be rain starts in late January, and we will not get BY SARAH HANNAN Crop damage assessment retired this year rain until late April. post-harvest PHOTO CEB “We should be very careful in how we Last week, the Sri Lanka Army use water from October. Coal plants are also announced the establishment of the When The Sunday Morning inquired from not working from October. They normally Agriculture and Livestock Corps and State Ministry of Development of Sugarcane, schedule coal power plants for October. also hosted the Rwanda Defence Force Maize, Cashew, Pepper, Cinnamon, Cloves, and You should schedule it for the southwest officials who visited the country on Betel Production, and the Promotion of Allied monsoon,” Dr. Ralapanawa added. the request of President Gotabaya Products and Export Director – Development He also noted that the cabinet paper Rajapaksa to share insight on how Ransilu Watawala for an update on the extent misstates certain elements regarding the ACE to tackle the Fall armyworm (FAW) of the damages, he stated: “The expected yield power deal. menace, raising questions as to why the of a hectare of maize cultivation averages at 3.7 “They took some of the information from military has been tasked to solve a pest metric tonnes. Although there have been varying the CEB and twisted it. If the Cabinet is issue. percentages of damage reported from across misled by the Ministry on facts and figures, The Department of Agriculture seems the country, we will only be able to take an exact then the Cabinet can’t make a correct to have been left in the dark, as the assessment after the harvest takes place. The decision. The Cabinet is misled by the Government had decided to involve season will end by the end of January and the Ministry Secretary,” he alleged. the Army in finding a solution to the assessment will be completed in the month of Highlighting the proposal to extend the FAW menace which the farmers of the February.” PPA’s, he said: “There is no provision in the country are currently burdened with. He noted that the extent of damage has not CEB Act to do an extension to PPA. The last The high level of military greatly changed since last week; 30% in the BY MAHEESHA MUDUGAMUWA April and June this year, Power Ministry Government also did it and the PUCSL didn’t involvement in the flyby visit of the Ampara District, 1-2% of crop infestations that Spokesman Sulakshana Jayawardene told The accept it. The Ministry should have simply Rwanda Defence Force officials, led are expected to affect the yield will reduce by Questions have been raised over Sunday Morning. said one year is not enough and let’s do it for by Brig. Gen. Fred Muziraguharara, on 10% in the North Central Province, the preparedness of the state-run He said that the three agreements all three years. Knowingly or unknowingly, the a two-day fact-finding mission on the yield loss estimated to reduce by 15%, North Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) for together supplied a total of 170 MW to the Cabinet also fell. It’s very risky to say you FAW invasion in Sri Lanka, was a topic Western Province yield loss estimated to reduce the upcoming drought period where national grid. don’t need it. But we don’t have good enough of conversation last week. by 25%, and in the Matale District of the Central the hydropower output will not be The proposal to extend the power analysis.” The Rwandan officials had been Province, although there were FAW sightings, a enough to meet the power deficit agreements have been submitted to the Meanwhile, when contacted by The Sunday escorted by the Sri Lanka Army to the considerable amount of damage was not caused. predicted by the board’s engineers. Cabinet to meet the power shortage expected Morning, the CEB Chairman Eng. Vijitha maize cultivations that were affected in the dry season, he said, adding that the Herath said no decision has been taken as yet by the FAW attacks, and as The Sunday The military involvement becomes At the end of last year, the deficit was said extending of power agreements was among a by the Board regarding the extension of the Morning reliably learnt, only the quite apparent since in 2017, the to be around 300 MW. few other proposals submitted by them. The power plants. introductory presentation was conducted Defence Force of Rwanda was tasked to In a context where the Cabinet has rejected CEB cannot go ahead with the agreements However, he said that the proposal would in the presence of military officials, eradicate the FAW invasion that settled the proposal made by the CEB to extend the without cabinet approval, he added. once again be submitted to the Cabinet to with the participation of Ministry in Rwanda. existing Power Purchasing Agreements (PPA) However, the Cabinet has approved 130 purchase power from the already existing of Agriculture and Department of Furthermore, it is the Rwanda with the Private Power Companies (PPC), MW of supplementary power, he said. three private power companies to extend the Agriculture officials. Defence Force-affiliated company The Sunday Morning learnt that the CEB is The cabinet paper submitted by the Ministry agreement at least by six months. Sopyrwa that had produced the yet to decide on how it should fill the power of Power in October, as seen by The Sunday “We haven’t submitted the proposal as yet,” Farmer compensation expedited Pyrethrum EWC+ pesticide, which was generating gap predicted to erupt as a result Morning, has mentioned several issues he added. later used to mitigate the FAW invasion of receding hydropower generation during the pertaining to the growing electricity demand. He said that purchasing electricity from Minister of Agriculture Mahindananda in Rwanda. drought period. It is stated that it would take at least three already existing diesel power companies Aluthgamage stated that all measures have been Following the official visit, Minister In a similar situation in March 2019, years for the planned projects to begin power would reduce the expenditure rather than taken to prevent the damage caused by the Fall of Agriculture Mahindananda when the then Power and Energy Minister generation. Until then, temporary “stop gap going for new companies. “The tariffs are armyworm (FAW) to maize cultivation in the Aluthgamage, during one of his area decided to say “no” to arrangements” have to be introduced to cater lower than the current rates. We purchase Maha season which has commenced. development meetings held in his emergency power purchasing, the CEB had to the growing electricity demand. electricity for around Rs. 23 while it will be The worst-affected districts by the FAW constituency last week, assured that to impose power cuts, as they claimed that The 100 MW of auto diesel-fired increased by around Rs. 10 if we go with new menace have been identified as Ampara, the officials only arrived to share their the generation was not enough to meet the supplementary capacities added to the grid companies,” he added. Monaragala, Anuradhapura, and Kurunegala, and technical know-how and did not have demand due to the reduction of hydropower was depleted in August 2020. Furthermore, According to CEB statistics, around 70 % field officers in the relevant areas were instructed the pesticide in tow with them, nor had generation and the failure of successive certain power plants that are scheduled to be of the energy requirement of the country is to carry out the assessment of the cultivated lands such a chemical been distributed to governments to build new power plants as per retired will create a vacuum of 270 MW by currently provided by thermal power (coal and damaged by the FAW menace with immediate the farmers during their field visits in the power generation plan formulated by the mid-2021. These power plants include the 100 oil) and the rest by the hydropower and a very effect. Anuradhapura. CEB. MW Ace Power Embilipitiya Power Plant (to small amount of power is also generated by “We have allocated a sum of Rs. 6 million to Contd. on page 13 Therefore, questions have been raised as retire in April 2021), the 20 MW Ace Power the windpower. all provincial councils where the FAW invasion to whether the CEB is bracing for another Matara Power Plant (to retire in April 2021), According to the CEB’s plan, three power was reported and necessary steps are being No discussion following series of power cuts if the country does not and the 50 MW Sapugaskanda Asia Power plants (70 MW, 100 MW and 150 MW) were taken to protect the farmers from this menace. Rwandan visit receive enough rainfall to generate enough Plant (to retire in April 2021). The cabinet proposed to meet the demand from 2018 until All compensation for crop damage will definitely hydropower within the next few months. paper also highlighted other concerns such as major power plants are implemented. be paid to farmers after an accurate assessment The Sunday Morning contacted Sri Lanka Army As learnt by The Sunday Morning, the unforeseeable technical issues, breakdowns, Accordingly, the total hydropower is made,” Minister Aluthgamage told The Sunday Commander Gen. Shavendra Silva to inquire total power demand has been reduced by 3% and disasters. generation connected to the national grid Morning. whether there was any discussion following the in 2020 due to Covid-19 pandemic, as the The CEB has proposed to adopt several was only 20.23% out of the total generation The Minister further stated that a new Rwandan Defence Force officials fact-finding visit. country went on a three-month lockdown to medium and short-term initiatives in the as at Thursday evening, while 44.76% was scheme has already been introduced through “We are yet to have further discussions based curb the spread of the deadly virus. form of “stop gap arrangements” to bridge supported from thermal oil and the rest from the Agricultural and Agrarian Insurance Board on the facts they observed. I can assure you that However, as usual, the energy crisis the capacity shortage, including the adding thermal oil. to provide compensation to all farmers within we have not taken any initiative to bring down the pesticide that is used in Rwanda as well. A re-erupted, when the Cabinet rejected the of medium-term furnace oil-fired power Speaking to The Sunday Morning, a a month after the assessment is completed and proposal submitted by the Ministry of Power capacity of up to 200 MW for a term of senior engineer at the CEB stressed that when the yields are harvested. meeting will be held in due course regarding this with the Ministry of Agriculture officials. We will to get the approval for extending existing 10 years. In that regard, it is to commence going for emergency power whether it likes “We understand that there have been delays in not intervene in the pest management that the power agreements with three private power negotiations with the three furnace oil-fired it or not was inevitable to avoid possible paying farmers’ compensation for crop damages Department of Agriculture already has in place.” companies to purchase around 170 MW of IPP (independent power producer) plants power cuts. and sometimes it takes up to three to four months emergency power. The Ministry confirmed (ACE Power Embilipitiya, Ace Power Matara, According to him, this year, the CEB had to release their compensation monies. With the that the Cabinet had rejected the proposal and Asia Power) to extend the contract period to go for an emergency to fill the energy new system that is to be implemented in 2021 while approving several other measures from 2021 to December 2023. This will deficit. “Last year, we had good rains and by the Agricultural (and Agrarian) Insurance submitted by the Ministry to mitigate the cover the procurement of auto diesel-fired therefore, we had a good hydropower Board and relevant field officials, compensation crisis. supplementary capacities that are to be located generation, but this year, we can’t exactly say payments will be made to the farmers within The present annual energy demand of the at different grid locations in capacities of 24 that we will be receiving the same amount of one month from when crop loss assessments are country is approximately 15,000 GWh and MW or less at each location, having a total rainfall,” he added. submitted,” Aluthgamage reiterated. FAW inspection expected to grow at a rate of 5.5 % annually in capacity of 130 MW for a one year period, As learnt by The Sunday Morning, all coming years. In order to meet the forecasted either from the 128 MW capacity that was major power plants expected from 2015 electricity demand of 22,501 GWh by 2025, tendered in December 2019 and approved by as per the generation plan of 2013 were the present installed capacity of 4,217 MW the Cabinet, or through a fresh tender. cancelled and the plants included 1x105 MW has to be increased up to 6,966 MW by In contrast, some experts questioned the of gas turbine, 2x250MW of Trincomalee 2025. As per the present medium term power methodology applied by the CEB to calculate coal power plant and coal power plants of generation plan, it appears that a capacity of the country’s power deficit. 300MW each from 2021, 2022, and 2023. 2,749 MW has to be added to the system to Speaking to The Sunday Morning, an However, during that time, as highlighted cater to the demand by 2025. energy expert Dr. Vidura Ralapanawa said that by an official attached to the PUCSL who The authorities have forecasted rainfall there is no proper analysis to show how much wished to remain anonymous, the CEB had reduction especially in April, and therefore power is needed. purchased 155 MW, 180 MW, and 320 MW there would be restrictions on hydropower “They have projected a certain amount of of emergency power in 2016, 2017, and 2018 generation. To mitigate it, the CEB rainfall and we have exceeded the reservoir respectively. There had been no new power recommended that around 170 MW would capacity,” he noted. plant in the country since the commissioning need to be added to the national grid on a He stressed that the CEB has been of the Norochcholai power plant in 2014 and supplementary basis. criminally negligent of one of their own in 2015, 60 MW of barge mounted power The proposal was submitted to the power plants like Kelanitissa combined power in Colombo. In the years 2016, 2017, 2018, Cabinet last month to extend the purchasing plant of 163 MW which is the largest thermal and 2019, not a single megawatt of energy agreements with Ace Power Matara, power plant CEB owns. had been added to the system and as a Courtesy meeting between Sri Lanka Army Commander Gen. Shavendra Silva and Rwanda Defence Force Brig. Gen. Fred Muziraguharara and Horizon Group COO Alexis Rusagara Ace Power Embilipitiya, and Asia Power “They shut it down for repairs in June 2018. result, the crisis has been aggravated during Sapugaskanda which will be terminated in It has not been repaired. One of the parts that period. PHOTO ©️ SRI LANKA ARMY 4 the sunday morning FOCUS Sunday, January10, 2021

ELIMINATING PERIOD POVERTY IN SRI LANKA Women and men engaged in farming in northern Sri Lanka PHOTO © THE NEW HUMANITARIAN One step forward BY DINITHI GUNASEKERA

The 2021 Budget proposals which brought about tax amendments to female sanitary products, sparked diversified conversations on the multi-faceted avenues of the prevailing “period poverty” in the country. Amidst much pressure for change from the opposing party and countless grassroots activists, volunteers, and voluntary groups, the Government of Sri Lanka reportedly has plans to provide sanitary napkins to schoolgirls in government schools from grade 6-13, free of charge. Period tax factor onwards According to the Ministry of The tariff rates on Duty (30%) + VAT (15%) It only accounts for Education (MoE), the project sanitary napkins were at + PAL (Port and Airport 0.006% of total tax revenue is to be deployed among nearly 102%, starting out. After Development Levy) (7.5%) and therefore, elimination 800,000 school children this year certain reforms, the Export + NBT (Nation Building Tax) of these taxes is a hit that through a three-stage project with a Development Board (EDB) (2%) + CESS (30% or Rs. the Government can take. prioritisation of those in rural areas. CESS component had been 300/kg). Diapers, breast pumps, removed following a Value- babies’ bottles, rubber Cycle of debt Speaking to Media Secretary at yy According to Export Added Tax (VAT) reduction teats also undergo Ministry of Education Buddhika Development Board of 62% to 52% in 2019. these taxes which are Wickramadara on a further reports According to the commodities that help elaboration of the ambitious Quantity of imported Advocata Policy Brief (May alleviate the care burden government plan, he confirmed sanitary napkins and 2020), sanitary napkins and of women, which are that it was approved by the Cabinet rupee value of imports tampons are taxed under ideally not supposed to be as a joint proposal concerning the Rough calculation of the continues the HS code HS 96190010. an outlet of government MoE and the Ministry of Health tax – Rs. 120 million. The import tariff levied on revenue. Positive tax (MoH), yet a conclusive plan is still To put that number into z Majority of rural z Govt. plans relief these products is 52%, and amendments or complete pending. According to him, it is context, the government until September 2018, the elimination improve the currently being documented under expenditure and revenue is in tax on sanitary napkins was quality of life of more women affected mechanism the MoH Nutrition Programme. the very least talked in terms 101.2%. The components of than half of the country’s “So far, something of this of billions and not millions. calibre has not been conducted this structure were General population (52% women). BY MAHEESHA MUDUGAMUWA in Sri Lanka before. Until a conclusive plan is compiled, a family whose breadwinner is a employment opportunities, Yasawathi Bandara is a chena cultivator in Kebithigollewa, it is important that any spread labourer who is in great difficulty labour force participation, and a remote village to the north of the Anuradhapura District. of misinformation is curtailed. in general, but has lost means of economic empowerment. This can Having suffered for many years due to the 30-year war while Relevant pilot projects and income as a result of the pandemic? be observed in similar initiatives living in a village once termed as a “border village”, her life relevant feasibility studies should The family will definitely prioritise undertaken in India. truly turned upside down when she turned to microcredit in also be conducted before project the mode of sustenance over the Speaking to The Sunday Morning, an effort to lift herself out of poverty. deployment,” Wickramadara said. “secondary” and more expensive State Minister of Women and Child The case at hand is unlike the sanitary option. Development, Pre-School and Primary Like thousands of other people in court, as they file cases school uniforms provided free Thereby, the women and girls in Education, School Infrastructure and in the North Central Province, against predatory microfinance of charge by the Government poverty-stricken households have Education Services Piyal Nishantha with most of them being women, companies, told The Sunday which can be imported and to resort to alternative methods de Silva shared his views on the issue. Yasawathi could reap the harvest Morning that the institutions were distributed with no serious such as the cloth. Currently, only for a few years, as her now urging the victims to sign concerns. The issue with sanitary only 32% women in this country cultivation was destroyed due to new contracts with the illegal napkins is that if raw materials actively use sanitary napkins. the prolonged drought many years companies. At the beginning, we are are imported, an NMR (Nuclear Secondly, it is beneficial health ago. Since then, she was not in a “This is a new trend; in previous planning to issue them an Magnetic Resonance) report has wise. Not only do girls who position to repay her loan, but the court cases, it has been proven amount of up to Rs. 300,000 to be compiled for an in-depth resorted to alternative methods microfinance institutions continue that these companies cannot so that they can spare that observation of the materials, he learn a new, more effective, and to collect the instalments. take any legal action against the amount in their financial added, reiterating that whether the convenient sanitation method, Having no other option, victims, as they haven’t signed a needs...In the meantime, we are products to be distributed would be but it will greatly reduce the risk Yasawathi obtained another proper legally binding agreement. in the process of giving them locally produced or not cannot be of infection and diseases such as loan from a similar institution Therefore, they are now signing financial literacy disclosed. cervical cancer. to repay her first loan, and then new agreements,” she stressed. State Minister of Microfinance From a societal aspect, another from some other to repay Gunaratne stressed that CBSL’s Shehan Semasinghe (SJB) National List MP Diana this initiative could aid in the State Minister the second. This continued until inaction was the main reason for Gamage echoed Wickramadara’s normalisation of the taboo she ended up losing her own land today’s situation of microfinance sentiments on how the action plan surrounding menstruation. I have How do you view this issue? and her husband’s motorcycle – institutions, as it has always human rights violations as well as is still awaited. Gamage told The worked as a teacher for 19 years Period poverty is a pressing the only movable property her ignored the issue, claiming they sexual abuse due to the lack of a Sunday Morning that when herself and I know how a patch of blood on issue in this country that calls for family had. did not have the necessary powers proper monitoring mechanism,” and others including Opposition a white school uniform is deemed prompt resolve. I have personally Like Yasawathi, there are to regularise the industry. she noted. Leader MP as one of the worst things that visited a number of districts and many other villagers, especially “If CBSL doesn’t have the As she explained, the raised this in Parliament, they could ever happen to a schoolgirl. my observations need no further women, going through the same powers, it should get the necessary suspension of loans would not were told that the proposed would This is due to the taboo nature of confirmation that this is a problem vicious cycle without having any powers and take action. It is the help the victims or the rural be a reality in the near future. a very normal, biological process. that is of national importance, as it hope of getting freed from the apex financial body in the country economy, unless there was a Following is a brief interview The statistic that more than 50% concerns barriers imposed on the microfinance debt trap. and it should control the financial proper mechanism to monitor all segment with SJB MP Rohini of Sri Lankan girls do not attend efficient education of the girl child. institutions,” she stressed. microfinancing institutions. Kumari Kavirathna, who has been school during their menses is in It is through this understanding that A cycle of debt According to her, 99% of “There was no argument that in the frontlines of speaking out on addition to the physical discomfort. I contacted Minister of Education Microfinance – a new approach microfinance victims are women the victims should pay back their the country’s period poverty issue. The use of alternatives such as Prof. G.L. Peiris on the raised concern of providing financial services to and the majority of the suicides loans, but the problem is that they the cloth has more probability to and his response was a positive one. the poor who are excluded from resulting from the situation has have paid a lot more than they result in patching and due to the the services of formal financial also been committed by women. have obtained. And the interest lack of proper washroom facilities, Who will be producing these institutions – is a term that came “That is because the industry rates are much higher than the it becomes further discrediting sanitary napkins and how will it into existence in relation to the targets women; they obtain loans usual. Therefore, they need some towards menstruating schoolgirls. be distributed? financial market, especially after and the loan collectors go behind kind of relief like rescheduling When pads are distributed in the We have been having continuous the mid-1980s with the wide them, threatening and harassing their loans by cutting down the open, it becomes normalised even discussions on this with an Indian- expansion of financial services them, asking for repayments,” interest,” she noted. among boys. I truly think that many based company. Following these that were accessible to the poor Gunaratne added. Continuing her discussion on aspects such as this should be open discussions, we came to an agreement throughout the world, according to microfinance, Gunaratne stressed and transparent to the society as a to kick-start the initial stages of the Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Effects on rural economy that the Government suspended whole for it to be normalised. this project firstly within the rural, Research and Training Institute. “This is a very serious issue the loans obtained from banks, poverty-stricken communities of It offers small loans to people which has badly affected the which was totally different from What are points of concern to be Sri Lanka. We have plans to conduct who do not normally qualify for rural economy, and there are what the microfinance institutions SJB MP Rohini Kumari Kavirathna considered when deploying such this on the basis of first-aid centres traditional banking credit in order thousands of stories involving are practising. an initiative? or first-aid storage cabinets for the to encourage entrepreneurship. “The majority of these What do you think about the Firstly, it should be distributed distribution of these sanitary products Many argue that people who institutions are not registered current government plan? openly, as I mentioned. Secondly, and facilities within these areas. obtain microcredit quickly sink with the CBSL or under any I think it’s a great step forward there need not be selection as We are willing to divide provisions into an endless cycle of debt, government authority. As a result, as a country. The issue of period to whom and which economic for the prioritisation of local with many lenders charging they are playing in an open poverty is an additional burden spectrum the recipient is from. companies in this endeavour, but exorbitant rates of interest or market which has no restrictions women face in line with the general It could be done how it is done we are also not keen on doing so compelling borrowers to pay whatsoever,” she stressed. poverty rates this country has, and it with the freely distributed school if their support is insufficient to go regardless of the circumstances. Accordingly, out of around is most prevalent in the outstations. uniform cloth. through with the project as planned. Women, who are the main 15,000 institutions lending money I have heard the local The quality of these products In that case, we are more than ready borrowers, were attracted to for poor women at a very high manufacturing cost per sanitary should be ensured. Since the to collaborate with foreign companies. microcredit as they could obtain interest rate, only around 100 napkin is only somewhere around GMOA would be advising Starting from next week, on the the loans easily and quickly. companies have been registered. Rs. 5. Therefore, I think that this and mandating their quality, it 21 and 22 January, we hope to Nevertheless, the microfinance The only two registered banks initiative is possible. wouldn’t be a problem. have further discussions with more concept has been a failure in Sri giving away microfinance loans Another important thing is the institutions and organisations that Lanka, as there is no regulatory are Regional Development Bank Why and how would such a promotion of female and period produce these sanitary napkins, on mechanism or authority to monitor (RBD) and Hatton National proposal be beneficial to friendly toilets, which I mentioned whether they are willing to provide its operations. The majority of these institutions Bank (HNB), Gunaratne said, Sri Lanka? in a recent press conference as them to us free of charge during the Activists, however, blamed the are not registered with the CBSL pointing out that except for a few It is firstly beneficial from an well. Most washrooms in schools initial stages or if we can opt for Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) or under any government registered institutions, all others economic perspective. Currently, 1 based in rural areas have no water the cheapest, most cost-effective for not taking any action against authority. As a result, they are are illegal. kg of rice is Rs. 140. On average, or have limited facilities. production cost of these products. the microfinance institutions or to playing in an open market “We’ve been canvassing this a box of pads is Rs. 170. An In addition to all this, if the Whether we are to get assistance on regularise the industry. which has no restrictions illegality for several years, but average menstruating woman Government considers branching this project from other organisations Women’s rights activist whatsoever the authorities have failed to needs two boxes a month, if used out the production of these sanitary or not is irrelevant. We are ready to Attorney-at-Law Radika Activist Attorney-at-Law provide a concrete solution,” she appropriately on a three to four products among village-based undertake this at the ministerial level Gunaratne, who is representing Radika Gunaratne continued. pads per day basis. During these women in rural areas, it would if the occasion calls for it. many women across the country Contd. on page 13 trying times, what is prioritised by further complement job creation, Contd. on page 13 the sunday morning 5 Sunday, January 10, 2021 FOCUS

BY MAHEESHA MUDUGAMUWA “We are the generation that was Activists and brought up amidst a brutal civil The controversy over the members of war and suffered its consequences mandatory cremation of the Muslim community in varied ways. We believe that if those dying from Covid- protesting necessary steps are not taken to 19 reached the boiling against the rectify the situation immediately point on Thursday (7), as Government’s by allowing the Muslim and decision to Minister of Health Pavithra proceed with Christian communities to perform Wanniarachchi announced mandatory their last rites in line with their that the country will cremation religious beliefs, the youth of this of the Covid continue to cremate all country will have to suffer the deceased repercussions of these decisions dead bodies, irrespective PHOTO PRADEEP which appear to be both short- DAMBARAGE of any ethnic or religious sighted and racially motivated,” he considerations. added. She told Parliament that the The organisation urged the report by the experts committee Government to act on the advice recommended that cremation of the scientific community and would be the ideal method for immediately end the ongoing the deceased and therefore, policy of mandatory cremation. the Ministry does not have an Meanwhile, it has come to intention to deviate from the notice that individual medical report on the basis of any ethnic or experts in the field of virology are religious considerations. maintaining silence on the issue, However, the Minister’s as attempts made by The Sunday statement made in Parliament Morning to obtain comments from contradicts the recommendations several experts of associations made by the expert panel were futile. appointed by the Ministry last Likewise, Prof. Malavige, December to provide their expert a member of the 11-member opinion on the safe disposal of committee, also refused to human remains of Covid-19- comment on the issue. Secretary infected people, it is learnt. to the State Ministry of Primary In its report submitted recently Health Care, Epidemics, and to the Ministry of Health, the Covid Disease Control Dr. Amal 11-member expert panel including MANDATORY CREMATION OF COVID DEAD also refused virologists, microbiologists, and to comment on the matter and immunologists observed that requested the newspaper to contact both cremation and burial are Minister Wanniarachchi. permissible under strict guidelines. In the meantime, a source The members of the panel attached to the Ministry of Health, consisted of University of who wished to remain anonymous, Colombo Chair Professor in Govt. ignores told The Sunday Morning that Microbiology Prof. Jennifer the issue has created a serious Perera, University of Sri situation within the Ministry itself Jayewardenepura Professor at present. in Microbiology and Centre However, the topic is still being for Dengue Research Director discussed within the Government Prof. Neelika Malavige, at present, he stressed. consultant virologists Dr. expert committee Moreover, Secretary to Geethani Galagoda, Dr. Saranga the Ministry of Health Dr. Sumathipala, Dr. Nadeeka S.H. Munasinghe, Minister Janage, Dr. Rohitha Muthugala, Wanniarachchi, and Director Dr. Dulmini Kumarasinghe, Dr. z Right to dignity in z Govt. urged to follow General of Health Services Dr. Janaki Abeynayake, consultant Asela Gunawardena were not immunologist Dr. Rajiva de reachable by the time the paper Silva, consultant microbiologist death violated? scientific advice went into print. and vaccinologist Dr. Kanthi Nanayakkara, and consultant “This has the potential to cause the novel coronavirus can microbiologist Dr. Malika much civil unrest. As a result, it be transmitted during the Karunarathne. was also found that people were preparation of the body for burial The panel was requested to generally reluctant to co-operate or if the grave is shallow, over provide scientific evidence and with the Covid control measures three to four days after the death. expert opinion on the behaviour of implemented by the Government. In the case of cremation, ashes the SARS CoV-2 virus remaining Many of them avoided seeing don’t present that risk. in a corpse of a Covid-19-infected doctors, and hence there were Meanwhile last week, the person after death, and also to several deaths occurring at home Youth for Justice Sri Lanka provide recommendations on without them seeking medical (YJSL), a coalition of youth-led whether burial is an option for attention or treatment,” the SLMA organisations and youth activists, the safe disposal of a corpse of a said. called on the Government Covid-19-infected person. However, as per the to revise its ongoing policy Likewise, several other Government’s Covid-19 of mandatory cremations for recognised bodies of medical regulations, the bodies of “all Covid deaths, which is causing experts have also voiced a similar Covid-19 victims will be cremated tremendous hurt and distress to opinion. within 24 hours of the death”, many Sri Lankans. The College of Community despite the guidelines issued by Physicians of Sri Lanka (CCPSL) the World Health Organisation said last week that there is no (WHO) which state that the solid evidence indicating that the victims could be buried or With the available scientific burial of dead bodies of Covid-19 cremated. evidence and the impact of victims would increase the spread In such a backdrop, the the decision on cremation on of the virus. Government’s decision has set pandemic control activities “With the available scientific off heated opposition as well as at large...adhering to global evidence and the impact of often angry questioning from guidelines, each citizen of the decision on cremation on the Muslim community and Sri Lanka should be allowed pandemic control activities at rights activists of the country, as to be cremated or buried... large, CCPSL concludes that, they claim the Government has within the strict guidelines adhering to global guidelines, each taken an arbitrary decision to go recommended by the Ministry citizen of Sri Lanka should be ahead with the forced cremation, of Health allowed to be cremated or buried disregarding the rights of its College of Community as per his/her and the family’s citizens. desire within the strict guidelines Physicians of Sri Lanka recommended by the Ministry of Should victims be Health,” the CCPSL stated. cremated or buried? It stated that the authoritative Dignity in death is recognised voices from within the as a human right the world over. A scientific community have majority of the population across made statements to suggest that The policy of mandatory the world prefer to bury their cremation is not mandatory cremation has generated dead. for Covid deaths. The SLMA, growing unrest among Numerous national civil society the CCPSL, as well as world- communities and can have organisations, religious groups, renowned Sri Lankan virologist serious implications for and individual activists have also Prof. Malik Peiris and MP Prof. Sri Lanka’s future, with written letters and signed petitions have publicly developments that could derail to the Government, calling for a announced that based on the the work we have done with change in policy. available scientific evidence, young people in the last decade The United Nations (UN) burials of the Covid-19 deceased Office in Sri Lanka Resident can be permitted. Senel Wanniarachchi of the YJSL Co-ordinator, UN special experts, Most importantly, the recent and regional human rights groups report by the expert panel of have separately written to the virologists, microbiologists, In the meantime, the Sri Lanka Government, calling for the policy and immunologists, led by Medical Association (SLMA) also to be changed to ensure the Covid- Prof. Jennifer Perera, has said in a statement last week that 19 dead are handled with dignity recommended both cremation based on the observations it has and human rights are protected. and burial for the Covid-19 made and relying on currently In the case of Covid-19, the deceased by adhering to the available scientific information, pathogen novel coronavirus safety precautions, the YJSL said. the burial of Covid-19 bodies transmits from one person to “The policy of mandatory could be permitted in Sri Lanka. another through droplets. This cremation has generated growing The Association noted that means that it requires body fluid to unrest among communities and based on the limited scientific keep finding new victims. Usually, can have serious implications evidence available at the initial burial takes seven to 10 days in for Sri Lanka’s future, with stages, a decision was made by the decomposition of a body, and developments that could derail the Director General of Health the body retains fluid for three to the work we have done with Services of the Ministry of Health four days. young people in the last decade,” to cremate all dead bodies of Scientists around the world Senel Wanniarachchi of the YJSL Covid-19-positive patients. have, however, claim that said. the sunday morning Sunday, January, 2021 EDITORIAL /POLITICS

Indian Minister of External Affairs Dr. S. Jaishankar on Wednesday (6) urged the Sri Lankan Government to How the mighty have fallen satisfy the expectations of “Humpty Trumpty sat on a wall, the Tamil people and fulfil the (The Capitol, not the border wall) Government’s commitments Humpty Trumpty had a great fall; on the 13th Amendment to (Inciting an insurrection) the Constitution. Indian FM tours Colombo as All the king’s horses and all the king’s men (Republican Party enablers) “It is in Sri Lanka’s own interest Couldn’t put Trumpty together again.” that the expectations of the Tamil (Destroyed legacy of a president and his party) people for equality, justice, peace, •With sincere apologies to the original author and dignity within a united Sri When billionaire businessman Donald Trump took office as the 45th Lanka are fulfilled. That applies President of the United States of America four years ago, the world paused equally to the commitments made and took note. Here, was a complete outsider to the close-knit Washington by the Sri Lankan Government on political establishment, taking on the giants and winning, by a “landslide” in meaningful devolution, including future of PCs hangs in balance his own words. The world looked up in awe at the prospects that America’s the 13th Amendment to the five-star democracy had to offer, and the respect and admiration for the Constitution. The progress and leader of the “free world” grew by leaps and bounds. prosperity of Sri Lanka will surely zJaishankar meets Govt., Sajith, TNA, and RW But it did not take long for cracks to begin to appear in the American be advanced as a consequence.” political edifice, and each time Donald Trump opened his mouth, the Addressing a joint press briefing zBasil warns SLFP to stay in its lane cracks widened. His unconventional approach to politics and governance in Colombo with his Sri Lankan won the admiration of many in the initial stages, purely for having the counterpart, Minister of Foreign met with a delegation of the Tamil who is a close confidante of the gumption to take on the notoriously protective Washington political Affairs , Progressive Alliance (TPA) led by governing party Founder and establishment, but this political capital and goodwill dissipated in no he added that India is committed MP . Head of the Presidential Task time owing to the President’s brash, abrasive style on the domestic front to ensuring the unity, stability, “(We) appreciate their positive Force on Economic Revival while mollycoddling adversaries like North Korea, Russia, and China and territorial integrity of Sri sentiments about our development , last week made on the international front. Lanka, and that India supports programmes. This will remain comments in support of holding Soon enough, the President’s unconventional style of governance and the reconciliation process in Sri an important facet of India’s the delayed provincial council hire and fire policy made famous by his long-running association with Lanka and an inclusive political the commitment,” Minister Dr. elections. the TV serial “The Apprentice”, began to appear more as a liability than outlook that encourages ethnic black box Jaishankar said. an asset owing to internal dissention within the White House itself. So, harmony. Opposition Leader Sajith it would not be off the mark to assume that early on into his term, the He said that India and Sri Lanka by Capt. Vasabha Premadasa on Wednesday called pangs of insecurity began to pull at him and the perceived solution was are now looking at post-Covid-19 on Dr. Jaishankar. to pander to his base, the extremist right, in order to consolidate his co-operation most immediately held with Dr. Jaishankar, The discussions revolved around power. Ever since, there’s been no turning back. with regard to Sri Lanka’s interest Gunawardena revealed that they bilateral relations and exchanged Although Trump may not have fathered the extremist far-right movement in obtaining a vaccine from India. focused on multiple areas of views on the long-standing that is now shaking America’s democratic foundations, he has certainly “I think Covid-19 has given mutual co-operation in identified historical ties between the two gone farther than any other US President in recent history to nurture us an opportunity to collaborate sectors of economics, finance, countries. and nourish it during the past four years. It has grown into something even more closely. Reflecting our trade, commerce, defence, On behalf of all Sri Lankans, that Trump takes pride in, well at least until last week. Having spoon ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy, India security, fisheries, cultural affairs, Premadasa expressed his gratitude fed and mollycoddled what seemed an innocent, harmless little baby, has supported Sri Lanka’s efforts and particularly on the ongoing to the Indian Government for the Trump realised to his horror that the baby had now grown into a monster to tackle Covid-19 through timely Covid-19 pandemic as well as the support extended for initiatives State Minister of which he had little control. It is this monster created by Trump as his medical assistance. I should also post-Covid-19 era. Dr. Jaishankar such as “Suva Seriya” and building He had said at a public meeting insurance policy for re-election that has destroyed not only him and his place on record my appreciation expressed willingness to extend houses, where one village was in Attanagalle recently, that the legacy, but that of American democracy itself, laying waste to decades to the Sri Lankan Government India’s assistance to enhance named after the Indian Prime provincial council system should of painstaking work by his predecessors. for its assistance and facilitation Sri Lanka’s capabilities to meet Minister – “Modi Village”. be maintained in the country, With what has now become the single most notorious act of instigating in evacuation of Indian nationals growing maritime and security Dr. Jaishankar extended a special as it could be used to assist the pumped up insurrectionists to march to the seat of American power, The who were stuck in Sri Lanka. We challenges. invitation to Opposition Leader country’s development process as Capitol, Trump in a desperate, last-ditch attempt to cling on to power by are now looking at post-Covid-19 “We agreed to continue our Premadasa to pay an official visit well as address the issues faced by preventing Congress from certifying Joe Biden’s election victory, has co-operation and I carry back current momentum of co-ordinated to India. the people. managed to destroy America’s moral authority as the leader of the free with me Sri Lanka’s interest in and close dialogue in these areas in The meeting between the Indian “The provincial council world. In the words of influential former Republican President George accessing vaccines from India.” order to curb illegal activities, and External Affairs Minister, who was elections have been delayed after W. Bush, America has descended to the level of a banana republic. Dr. Jaishankar further our continued co-operation in the on a two-day official visit to Sri trying to bring in amendments to The irony of it all is that here is a nation with a defence budget of emphasised that he carries the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi- Lanka, and it. We clearly say that provincial $ 721.5 billion for 2020, nearly 10 times the GDP of Sri Lanka, and a message of an India that will Sectoral Technical and Economic (UNP) Leader and former Prime council elections should be held. mob armed with sticks and other primitive paraphernalia were able to always be a dependable partner Co-operation (BIMSTEC), Indian Minister It is the public representatives simply march in, break open the doors and windows, and vandalise what and a reliable friend, open to Ocean Rim Association (IORA), was special, as they were not who represent the general public. should be the most heavily guarded building in that country. Television strengthening its relationship with and the South Asian Association scheduled to meet, diplomatic The provincial councils cannot images of mobsters seated on the House Speaker’s Chair and mobsters Sri Lanka on the basis of mutual for Regional Co-operation sources said. be governed without the public vandalising the inner sanctum of the building, will surely haunt the trust, mutual interest, mutual (SAARC),” he noted. The cordial and extensive representatives. The public defence establishment for decades. America will have to search its soul respect, and mutual sensitivity. Minister Gunawardena added discussions between former Prime can explain their grievances to as to how things have come to this in such a short time. During the press briefing, they that India’s offer of $ 15 million Minister Wickremesinghe and the the public representatives. The Trump’s legacy in office will be defined exclusively by what has further underscored the importance to restore Buddhist heritage, Indian External Affairs Minister officials alone cannot carry out transpired since the 3 November presidential election which he lost fair of strengthening bilateral relations announced by Indian Prime had focused on the challenges both the work without the public and square but continues to dispute for reasons best known to him. If as between the two countries as Minister Narendra Modi during countries are facing due to the representatives. That is my Trump claims, the 2016 election was squeaky clean and the 2020 election far as post-Covid-19 recovery his virtual summit with Prime Covid-19 pandemic. personal opinion. The interaction was rigged, does it not imply that he has failed in his job and primary is concerned. Both expressed Minister last Dr. Jaishankar had told between officials and the public duty of safeguarding the people’s franchise, which is the cornerstone willingness to consider taking joint September, would be utilised Wickremesinghe that he had is quite minimal. It is the public of democracy itself? efforts that will be beneficial to through mutual consultations. already discussed the Indian- representatives who constantly Other than making baseless claims, Trump and his fellow travellers both countries. Speaking of the This was the first official visit produced vaccine with the Sri move with the public. Therefore, in the Republican establishment have failed to produce any evidence adverse effects of the Covid-19 of a high-level foreign dignitary Lankan Government and had the provincial council elections to back their claims that could have been admissible in a court of law pandemic, Dr. Jaishankar observed in Sri Lanka in 2021 as well as the pledged to prioritise Sri Lanka must be held. in that country. As a result, every one of the lawsuits filed in key states that it is not just a public health first official visit outside India in when the vaccine is ready for “The provincial council system disputing the results have been thrown out lock, stock, and barrel by issue, but equally an economic the new year for Dr. Jaishankar. He export. has been completely messed up judges appointed by Trump himself and even by presiding election crisis. left the island on Thursday (7). Appreciating the gesture, by bringing the 50/50 system. officials of his own Republican Party. The final nail in the coffin came He expressed confidence that the former Prime Minister had A discussion on the electoral from the man who had so far slavishly stood by his boss, Vice President India’s achievements, as far as Meeting the Opposition reiterated the need for close system, the required amendments, Mike Pence, who, for probably the first and only time in the past four managing the Covid-19 pandemic Indian Minister Dr. Jaishankar co-operation between India and and the shortcomings in the years, refused to cow down to the President’s insistence on not certifying is concerned, will have a positive has discussed issues pertaining Sri Lanka, especially during these existing system will be initiated in the final result in Congress, amidst the carnage wrought upon by the impact on Sri Lanka. He also to devolution and the role of difficult times. Parliament. A committee will be President’s supporters. stated that the Indian business provincial councils with the appointed to look into these issues It is said that what happens in America reverberates across the world community is strongly interested Tamil National Alliance (TNA) PC polls and the provincial council election and sets the tone for democratic governance. What happens from now in investing in Sri Lanka and that representatives. The holding of the impending will be held afterwards. on is unchartered territory with a leaderless democratic world left to discussions have already been held They have also discussed provincial council (PC) elections “We have never been afraid its own devices. In that respect, Joe Biden already has his work cut on several important opportunities, issues pertaining to development, has caused a visible split in the of elections. And we are not a out and the challenge before him is certainly a daunting one. Having including in special zones for Minister Dr. Jaishankar said. The Government with one group government that has avoided taken cognisance of the situation, world leaders on every continent pharmaceutical manufacturing and TNA delegation was led by R. pushing for the elections and the elections. We have held elections have taken the unprecedented step of speaking out with disdain against also in tourism. Sampanthan. other opposing such moves. at the proper time. It was the the sitting US President and his culpability in the assault on America’s Speaking of the discussions Meanwhile, the Minister also State Minister Nimal Lanza, Yahapalana Government that democracy which is bound to have profound implications far beyond delayed elections. Therefore, the Donald Trump’s tunnel vision. delays are their doing. The lessons to the world at large and more specifically to us in Sri “The provincial councils Lanka from the rise and fall of the Trump presidency are many. The carry out a large workload. As most profound among them is that pandering to extremists for political a onetime provincial minister, I expediency has its price and sooner rather than later, one has to either built 6,000 km of rural roads in pay it or face the resultant carnage. The underlying message is that when the districts. Therefore, I know the baby becomes a monster, none will be able to control it. the great service rendered to the We have our own lessons in our relatively short post-Independence public by provincial councils. It is history. S.W.R.D Bandaranaike, in attempting to short-cut his way to wrong to make statements without power, propagated the idea of nationalism and even though that was understanding the proper functions good enough for him to sweep the election in 1956; two years later, it of provincial councils. We have cost him his life. worked within this system and The LTTE that waged war in Sri Lanka for three decades, causing served the public. Hence, I believe untold misery in the country and destroying an entire generation of youths, that provincial councils should was nurtured by India’s Indira Gandhi and ultimately was responsible remain,” Lanza had said. for killing her son and Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. Meanwhile, former President The examples are many and we cannot help but be reminded of had said that what history has painfully taught in an era when the highest echelons only 25% of the funds allocated of government seem to be pursuing an agenda of actively supporting to the provincial councils are extreme nationalists much to the consternation and discomfort of the spent on public welfare while the minority communities. Let us hope that the Trump legacy will offer food remaining 75% is spent on salaries for thought to our own leaders on both sides of the political divide. What of councillors, officials, and other must be remembered is the fact that people don’t elect governments; they maintenance work. reject them. As a consequence, the alternative triumphs by default. The Nevertheless, Sirisena has told last two elections of 2015 and 2019 in Sri Lanka and 2020 in America The Hindu in an interview, that are noteworthy examples of how the mighty fall. trying to abolish the provincial No 91, Wijerama Mawatha, Colombo 7. councils would be akin to the Fax - 011 2 673 441 Government playing with fire. General - 011 5 200 900 On the issue of provincial Director Sales & Marketing - 077 3 866 143 councils, Basil Rajapaksa recently Circulation Manager - 011 5 978 987 / 076 1 367620 expressed his views on the matter E-mail - [email protected] as well. Speaking during a political 7 EDITORIAL /POLITICS Indian FM tours Colombo as future of PCs hangs in balance Lanka and has not been given to a Piyadasa last Sunday (3) had said question raised by the journalists as foreign company, Prime Minister at a media conference in Kandy that to whether there was any move to Mahinda Rajapaksa said. the SLFP was displeased with the bring back those who broke away “Our Government has not failure on the part of the ruling Sri from the UNP. decided to hand over to a foreign Lanka Podujana Peramuna (SLPP) Wijewardene, who elaborated company the management or to honour the agreements reached on the situation with regard to ownership, in full or in part, of the prior to the presidential and general Ukrainian citizens who were East Container Terminal,” he told elections. brought down to promote tourism, Parliament on Wednesday (6). He had noted that if the governing said there was nothing wrong in The Prime Minister made party continued to sideline the SLFP promoting tourism, but the issue this statement in response to and not get the party involved in the was that a new cluster seemed to a question raised by National decision-making process, the party be coming up as a few of those People’s Power (NPP) MP Anura would be compelled to take a hard Ukrainian tourists had tested Kumara Dissanayake regarding decision. positive for Covid-19. the Government’s stance on the When questioned about the “The Government does not seem ownership and management of the invitation extended recently by SJB to be working according to a fixed ECT. MP for the SLFP plan and changes its ways from “I served as the President to join an alliance with the SJB, time to time. Such action seems to from 2005 to 2015, and during Piyadasa had said that the SLFP was have almost created a new cluster,” my tenure, the Colombo South prepared to discuss future political he said. Harbour Development Project actions with any political party. “Also, the Government is gearing was implemented to develop up to sell off the Air Force Grounds three container terminals that State Minister Nimal Lanza... and the (Slave Island) police station had the capacity to handle 7.2 last week made comments to a foreign company while the million containers. Under that in support of holding the stake which the Government held project, it was decided to continue delayed provincial council in the Norochcholai Power Plant is operations of one terminal as elections. He had said at a also slated to be sold to a foreign a public-private venture for 35 public meeting in Attanagalle company,” he alleged. years, and this decision was taken recently, that the provincial adhering to proper procurement council system should be MS’s legal troubles procedures. The Government is maintained in the country, Former Prime Minister taking immediate steps to expedite as it could be used to assist Wickremesinghe had raised the operations of the two remaining the country’s development objections to comments made terminals, namely the East process as well as address the by former President Maithripala Container Terminal and the West issues faced by the people Sirisena in a recent interview with Container Terminal,” the Premier an English weekly. added. Piyadasa further noted that the Wickremesinghe’s lawyers He also stated that the former many political parties that worked Vidanapathirana Associates have Government had entered into to bring the Government to power written to the English weekly agreements in 2017 and 2019 with were now critical of the State’s newspaper on the interview titled foreign companies. actions and its failure to address the “Sirisena speaks out”. In response, Dissanayake said the issues faced by the public. The interview consists of the former Government had entered “If this situation continues, the former President’s view on various into an agreement with the aim SLFP will be compelled to take issues, including the Central Bank of forming a company jointly some action,” the senior SLFPer Bond Scam, appointment of Arjuna managed by two companies based had said. Mahendran as the Central Bank in India and Japan and the Sri Governor, investigations into the Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA), and Basil’s swipe Bond Scam, and the operations of that this company was to obtain a SLPP Founder/National the Presidential Commission of loan from Japan for a 1% interest Organiser Basil Rajapaksa last Inquiry and Criminal Investigation Indian Minister of External Affairs Dr. S. Jaishankar and Minister of Foreign Affairs Dinesh Gunawardena rate to develop the ECT. week took a swipe at the SLFP and Department (CID) in this regard. PHOTO LALITH PERERA “However, that agreement seems its grievances. Vidanapathirana Associates had interview on television, Basil their assent must be obtained. Then, per the principles laid down in the to have changed now,” he said, A question on the displeasure reportedly said the comments made said that he does not subscribe to national policy must be confined to Bandaranaike-Chelvanayakam charging that the current plan is to expressed by the governing party’s by the former President are “false delaying the holding of elections as framework legislation, within which Pact and the Senanayake- give 51% of shares to an Indian key coalition partner was posed to and have been made maliciously a country that values democracy. regions can fully exercise legislative Chelvanayakam Pact, according to company and to keep the remaining Basil during a political interview with the object of defaming” its “Governments that have delayed and executive power concerning the proposal. Also, regions should 49% of shares under the SLPA. on electronic media last Monday client in an attempt to “hold him up elections have been defeated,” he the devolved subject, and which have the power to acquire and Sri Lanka, Japan, and India (4). In response, Basil noted that to ridicule and to lower his esteem had noted. does not curtail the devolved power. requisition land. signed an agreement in May 2019 there are no permanent friends or in the midst of the public”. When asked about Basil’s stance The central legislature can make They have further proposed to jointly develop the ECT. The enemies in politics and therefore, on the holding of provincial council laws concerning devolved subjects, that Sinhala, Tamil, and English joint initiative was estimated to all parties could resolve their Diana prevails elections given stiff objections provided that the councils approve be official languages, as well as cost between $ 500 million and $ differences and work together. Meanwhile, the presidential raised by one segment of the these bills by vote. the language of administration 700 million. As per the agreement, According to Basil, although pardon recently granted to Ven. Government, Basil refrained from Furthermore, in the case of a countrywide. Sinhala and Tamil are the SLPA was to retain 100% there have been some shortcomings Uwatenne Sumana Thera, who expressing his personal view on the constitutional amendment affecting official languages under the existing ownership of the ECT, while the in 2020, the best way to move played an active role in the matter. devolution, it should have the Constitution, while English is the Terminal Operations Company forward is by working together and presidential election campaign of However, he had noted that he approval of a representative link language. (TOC), conducting its operations, not abandoning the coalition. Field Marshal MP , was looking at a system based on a delegation from every region, in Regarding the Executive, the was to be jointly owned, with Sri As for the allegation levelled shocked many in the political district council system. addition to a two-thirds majority TNA has said that the presidency Lanka holding a 51% stake in by the SLFP about slashing a circles. vote in both Houses. should have a ceremonial the project and the joint venture number of its candidates from The Thera was serving a life TNA’s proposal In relation to the devolved President that is accountable to the partners retaining 49%. the nominations lists at the last sentence after being convicted The Tamil National Alliance subjects – other than national Parliament, and acts on the advice general election, Basil observed of illegal possession of two T-56 (TNA) has proposed to the security, national defence, armed of the Prime Minister, who will be SJB’s invite that the SLFP cannot make assault rifles and 210 rounds of live committee of experts appointed forces, foreign affairs, and national the Head of the Cabinet of Ministers Meanwhile, the Samagi Jana statements that it won seats ammunition. to draft a new constitution that economic affairs which must and has the power to assign subjects Balawegaya (SJB) recently according to the number of Colombo High Court Judge regional councils should replace the necessarily be with the Central and functions, and exercise such. extended an invitation to the Sri nominations received. Adithya Patabendige had ruled established PCs, with these regional Government – the TNA has With regard to the legislature, Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), He added that the reason the that the prosecution had proved councils including territory in the proposed a list of subjects and Parliament should be a bicameral which is the key coalition party SLPP decided to form an alliance beyond any reasonable doubt that North and East predominantly functions that should be devolved. legislature, with a chamber of the Government, to join forces with the SLFP was to ensure that Ven. Sumana Thera was guilty occupied by Tamil-speaking people. This includes, among others, composed of members directly with the party to form a political the latter would not experience a of illegally possessing automatic The TNA, which is represented in land (other than state land used elected by the people and a second alliance. downfall. “Even I would not want weapons and ammunition. the Opposition as the Illankai Tamil by the Central Government for a chamber made up of representatives The SJB’s invite comes at a time to see the SLFP decimated,” Basil The Police Special Task Force Arasu Kachchi (ITAK), has also subject in the Central List), law and of the regions. In the case of when several senior SLFPers have noted. (STF) had raided the Thera’s proposed that the nature of the Sri order, the regional police service amendments affecting devolution, publicly stated that the party was However, Basil also noted that he temple on 2 January 2010, days Lankan State be a free, sovereign, (including all offences other than in addition to a two-thirds majority displeased with the governing SLPP was prepared to face any scenario before the 2010 presidential independent, and united republic those dealt with by the National in both chambers, it must have the over some of its actions. if the SLFP was going to take on a election. made up of the institutions of the Police Force), education (including assent of all regional delegations in threatening tone. However, SJB MP centre and the regions, and that tertiary education), health, housing the second chamber. was quoted in the media as saying the Constitution provides adequate and construction, agriculture As far as the judiciary is UNP-SJB that it was she who had initiated protection to regional minority and agrarian services, irrigation, concerned, the TNA has proposed The UNP will enter into a the move to secure Ven. Sumana communities. fisheries, animal husbandry a constitutional court to hear and dialogue with the SJB during the Thera’s pardon. Concerning power-sharing in and livestock development, determine the constitutionality New Year to forge an alliance to Gamage had said that while the terms of governance, the proposal resettlement and rehabilitation, of legislation made by the contest future elections, Deputy Thera was jailed over an incident states that the aforementioned local government, regional public Parliament and regional councils, Leader of the party Ruwan in 2010, his mother was greatly regions should have a regional service, religious and cultural and on matters of constitutional Wijewardene said last week, distressed and had on several council each, with a governor affairs, all other socioeconomic and interpretation. Furthermore, speaking to journalists after occasions met her as well. appointed by the President upon cultural matters, co-operatives and provincial high courts should be participating in the re-organisation According to the MP, she had the advice of the council’s chief co-operative banks, industries and enabled to hear fundamental rights- programme of the party which handed over a letter to the Prime minister, with the latter being taxation, central grants, international related applications. SLFP General Secretary Rohana was conducted under the theme of Minister requesting for a pardon for subject to the approval of the and domestic loans and grants, and Fundamental rights and freedoms Lakshman Piyadasa “Mulawa Paradawamu – Ek Wee the monk and had also discussed the council. The governor is to act on foreign direct investments (FDIs). should reflect the entire gamut of The first to raise these issues Negitimu (let’s defeat lies and work matter with the President afterwards. the advice of the chief minister and According to the TNA, there Sri Lanka’s international human was SLFP General Secretary State together) in Ratnapura. Therefore, Gamage had the council’s cabinet of ministers. shall, in this regard, be a “Regional rights obligations, the TNA stated. Minister , who “We will initiate a dialogue with expressed her gratitude to the These councils will have legislative Public Service Commission” and a was followed by the SLFP Leader the SJB for the sake of the country President for granting the pardon power over certain subjects. “Regional Police Commission”. MR’s stance and the latest in the list being in order to see whether we can and had also thanked everyone With regard to national policy, Moreover, concerning state land, Colombo Port’s East Container former General Secretary Rohana contest future elections together,” who had assisted in securing the all regions must be consulted and its alienation should be done as Terminal (ECT) still belongs to Sri Lakshman Piyadasa. Wijewardene said, responding to a pardon.

10 the sunday morning FOCUS/VIEWS Sunday, January 10, 2021

BY PUJANEE GALAPPATHTHI Storage and logistics THE NATIONAL VACCINATION PLAN In the midst of battling the second As the Covid-19 vaccine will be in Sri Lanka soon, wave of Covid-19 infections and infrastructure facilities for storage, transportation, the Government expecting its first and other processes will have to be mobilised batch of Covid-19 vaccines from the in time. In conversation with State Minister for COVAX Facility by mid-February, Primary Healthcare, Epidemics, and Covid-19 questions have been raised over Prevention Dr. Sudharshini Fernandopulle, we found out that the Government is planning to whether the country will be ready to initiate the national vaccination programme by execute a national vaccination plan GETTING THE mid-February. efficiently. Speaking of the storage facilities available, she said: “The infrastructure required really depends on Sri Lanka is one of 92 low and middle- the vaccine. If we receive the AstraZeneca vaccine, income countries that are eligible to we have adequate storage facilities for it, but there receive Covid-19 vaccines for 20% of its are obviously various logistical aspects that need to population under the COVAX programme be considered. The entire process is handled by the but authorities are still in the process of Ministry of Health currently. Furthermore, we are developing a strategy for doling out the BALL ROLLING currently looking into the storage facilities for the vaccine. Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine if we receive this. It will be In an attempt to get a better idea of the a little bit more challenging and expensive.” national plan for the Covid-19 vaccination When asked about the transportation facilities initiative in the island, we spoke to available, Dr. Fernandopulle added that while these Covid-19 Vaccine Committee Chairman vaccines come in hard boxes with dry ice, special and Principal Advisor to the President transportation facilities are required. The Ministry Lalith Weeratunga. He confirmed that the of Health is counting on the support of various Government, together with the Ministry organisations, similar to when the polio vaccination of Health, is in the process of developing process was carried out. a strategic plan to execute the inoculation “While we are planning to conduct the drive once the vaccines arrive. vaccination process in hospitals and field clinics, “We have not yet decided on what vaccine we will require a whole lot of manpower, which we will be receiving. We are hoping the we already have. The Ministry has access to a vaccine currently developed in India will very resourceful team of medical workers and be accepted by the WHO (World Health midwives spread across the country, and we are looking forward to their assistance during this Organisation) as a reliable option, as it process. The Ministry of Health is currently working is a vaccine that can be stored in normal on materialising a training programme for these refrigerators. Thus, storage and transport workers. The said training programmes will be will be less pricey. conducted islandwide by the end of this year.” “The vaccine used in western countries When asked about the trials that may be – Pfizer-BioNTech – is a little harder to conducted before the vaccination process, Dr. handle, as it requires to be stored at -70 Fernadopulle told us that according to the trial degrees Celsius. We are ready to invest immunisation policy, the Ministry is required in storage facilities if that is what we are to conduct trials and access the success rate required to do.” beforehand. The Ministry is willing to utilise Weeratunga confirmed to us that the Healthcare, Epidemics, and Covid-19 by the Government in order to issue it to all simultaneously, compared to other resources and initiate this process according to the vaccine is expected to arrive in mid- Prevention Dr. Sudharshini Fernandopulle the susceptible members of the population. infectious diseases. Currently, two national policies, she concluded. February and the vaccination process said: “The vaccine will be available upon vaccines developed by Pfizer-BioNTech will follow immediately afterwards. priority determined under the criteria to Global inoculation drives and Moderna are authorised by the “The Ministry is planning to conduct the identify susceptible candidates, and it will Covid-19 mass vaccination programmes WHO. Meanwhile, several other CanSinoBIO’s vaccines from China, vaccination process over three to four days be made available in government hospitals were initiated in the UK, Argentina, vaccines developed by AstraZeneca, Bharat Biotech Covaxin from India, and of the week, and not every day.” all over the island.” Belgium, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Janssen, and Novavax are currently Sputnik V Gamaleya Research Institute Speaking to The Sunday Morning on the She further added that while 20% of Croatia, France, the US, Hungary, and many under phase III clinical trials. vaccine from Russia are also at the same availability of the vaccine once it is sent the vaccine will be made available free of other countries in December 2020. Additionally, the Sinopharm and stage. to Sri Lanka, State Minister for Primary charge by the WHO, the rest will be funded The UK was the first country in the world to approve the BioNTech-Pfizer vaccine 155,000 health workers first in line Schoolchildren, pregnant mothers excluded in first round whilst the European Union (EU) started its vaccine campaign on 27 December 2020. The Health Ministry identified key groups that will Minister Wanniarachchi further said 3,227,510 The EU received 12.5 million doses with be prioritised when providing the Covid-19 vaccine, persons between the ages of 18-59 with illnesses, Commenting on who will be given the vaccine once of people who will be vaccinated will be the senior the ultimate goal of reaching 450 million Minister Pavithra Wanniarachchi informed Parliament on and 3,114,660 individuals between the ages of 40-59 the inoculation drive begins in Sri Lanka, Covid-19 citizens of the country – everyone over the age of 60. people across its 27 member states over the Thursday (7). without illnesses will receive the vaccine. Vaccine Committee Chairman and Principal Advisor This may also include people with non-communicable course of 2021. 1. Health workers – 155,000 (0.68%) However, children below the age of 18 and pregnant to the President Lalith Weeratunga said: “The most diseases like diabetes and other respiratory conditions. Outside the EU, Switzerland launched 2. Tri-forces and Police – 127,500 (0.56) women amounting to nearly 35% of the population important thing to figure out is who will be prioritised And this amounts to about 3.4-3.5 million of the its campaign on 23 December 2020 after 3. People above 60 years – 3,159,800 (14%) will not receive the vaccine, as it is not recommended to in the vaccination process. This is basically to figure population. approving the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. 4. People dealing with migrant workers – 225,700 vaccinate them. out who is most susceptible or vulnerable to Covid- “The next group will be people aged between 55-59, India is to use vaccines developed by (1%) The Health Minister said the Government’s National 19. The most susceptible set of people are frontline then 50-54, 45-49, 40-44, 35-39, and then 30-34. This is AstraZeneca. Over 300 million people are 5. People between the ages of 18-59 with illnesses Deployment of Vaccination Plan (NDVP) is 60% complete health workers including doctors, PHIs (public the working population of the country and some of these in the inoculation priority list within the – 3,227,510 (14.3%) at present.The NDVP will be fully completed and health inspectors), nurses, and medical assistants, people would have comorbidity, that is they would have year 2021. The Indian National Vaccination 6. People between the ages of 40 to 59 – 3,114,660 submitted to the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) this is nearly about 130,000 people and 0.7% of our non-communicable diseases; this includes 54% of our Programme is supposed to start on 13 (13.8%) COVAX Facility by 12 January 2021. population. population.” January 2020. China began coronavirus She said frontline healthcare workers amounting Minister Wanniarachchi further informed Parliament “The next group with high priority includes the We asked Weeratunga if there will be members of inoculations for workers in the healthcare to 155,000 or 0.68% of the population will be the first that the Government will take necessary measures to cleaners and sanitary workers who are constantly our population that may not be given the vaccine in the and transport sectors, and border control in batch to receive the vaccination. secure the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine if it is distributed by exposed to the disease, and this will be about 30,000 initial stage. He said that it is highly likely that 34% of our the beginning of December last year. China Thereafter, nearly 127,500 tri-forces personnel and the WHO.She said the US is to provide $ 370,000 as aid people. Next would be the members of the tri-forces population including schoolchildren and pregnant mothers is also currently the country with the most police officers will receive the vaccine. to acquire cold containers to preserve the Covid vaccines and Police who assist the health authorities, and this will not be given the vaccine in the first round. candidates for vaccines for Covid-19 during Around 3,159,800 persons above the age of 60 obtained by Sri Lanka. will amount to about 140,000 people. This will be the When asked about the effectiveness of the vaccine, this global vaccination spree. will receive the vaccine next, while 225,700 persons The Health Minister added that the Asian first category of people who will be vaccinated. Weeratunga told us that it reduces the chances of one including those dealing with repatriated Sri Lankan Development Bank (ADB) is also set to provide a grant “The next category is determined based on age and contracting the disease to the lowest possible percentage Vaccines in the making migrant workers and other such key sectors will also of $ 5 million to assist with regard to the procurement of hence susceptibility to the disease. This next group and also prevents a carrier from spreading the disease. Covid-19 probably has the most receive the vaccine. Covid-19 vaccines. number of vaccines being developed

which are now spreading globally. When is by opening up the country for tourism, REOPENING AIRPORTS other countries are planning to go in for so I believe it is high time to open up lockdowns, we are bringing in more Covid- the airports and let people in. However, 19 patients, without thinking about the it is important to adhere to the health consequences. We will have to spend more guidelines. There have been reports that money on their health than we are earning the Ukrainian tourists that were brought from them. This was surely a decision taken into the country were not subjected to Are we ready to open? by the politicians in order to bring down PCR tests at the airports. These kind of the tourists, perhaps to fill their pockets, as practices are going to put us in trouble. After multiple delays and setbacks, Sri the country and airports are opened, it will not so grave, we could have opened the only bring in more of the virus. This isn't a airports fully; if we are able to contain the we are not ready to open up for tourists yet. The Government needs to set a proper Lanka opened the country up for tourism time for tourism. situation in the country and if we have the They are not being prudent. This is indeed a standard and adhere to it, then everything in the last week of 2020 and launched proper facilities The pilot project would reckless and inappropriate decision at a time will be go back to normal in due time. a pilot project before reaching the final Should give it more time have worked if everyone adhered to the rules like this, and I hope that the President will decision on fully reopening the country's Shemal Anthony Jayasundera, student and regulations. If we are to bring tourists rethink it. Public feel threatened borders in a bid to revive the tourism to the country, it is essential that they are I do not think this is the time to open and uncertain industry. Amidst mixed comments from disciplined and they adhere to the World Govt. needs to set K. Premalatha, housewife up airports and welcome tourists to the Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. If various authorities on the matter, we country. We should give it more time – proper standard The majority of the world is going into spoke to some concerned members of the not, we as a county will face a huge issue, S. Udayasiri, marketing manager another three to six months or so. While which we will not be able to control. lockdowns right now, when Sri Lanka has public about their opinion on reopening other countries are going into islandwide It is true that the situation is getting decided to open the country to welcome the country for tourists. Here’s what we lockdowns, we should not be acting as if out of hand right now, but given that the tourists. This is not the time. We need to found out. everything is going to be okay. Prez should rethink this entire world is suffering from the havoc protect our people first. The Government reckless decision that is Covid-19, it is time that we learn needs to pay more attention to what the Asking for more trouble Economically feasible decision; Mihiri Wanniarachchi, Attorney-at-Law to live with it. While tourism is a key general public feels in this situation – which Shanuki de Alwis, activist prioritise safety Opening up the airports is a reckless source of income in our country, we is threatened and uncertain. Nivedhaa Hariharan, Attorney-at-Law decision of the Government. Whilst should take this opportunity to rebuild I do not think we are ready to open up and brand ourselves as a safe place to airports, because we still haven’t even detecting Covid-19 amongst the tourists, we An added expense I think it is an economically feasible are also allowing in new strains of the virus travel. The only way to do this right now begun to manage the internal situation decision to open up the airports, provided Priyanka Kumudu, housewife properly. I understand that we cannot that the tourists who come into the country Bringing down tourists right now is not afford to stall tourism anymore, but follow the relevant health protocol. Simply a step forward in our economic journey. with the demonstrated inefficiency in welcoming them with open arms by putting Rather, it is an added expense. Reports handling things currently, we are just our safety at risk is the riskiest thing for our stated that the Ukrainian tourists were asking for more trouble. The pilot project economy and our country right now. Covid-19-positive, and PCR tests were not has already proven to be disastrous, conducted until they went to the hotels. We with the Ukrainians having tested Tourists should be disciplined cannot afford to be reckless when living positive for Covid-19 and travelled Hosni Imtiaz, Director of Imtiaz Designers with a pandemic, especially as a developing around the country without facemasks, country. The Government needs to be more inconveniencing the locals and service I believe that airports play a pivotal role in careful and responsible during this time. providers, etc. a country’s economic development. As Sri Lanka is heavily dependent on tourism, our Should focus on self-sustaining Not a time for tourism economy has been impacted hugely. This has stalled the country’s development and Nimasha Dias, receptionist Nipun Theekshana, student revenue inflow. Having said that, however, I do not think this is the time to open Since the Government does not seem to the second wave has impacted our country airports and let tourists in. We have to focus be paying much attention to the patients, in a way that has become uncontrollable. on self-sustaining the local industries within the most suitable option would be to lock We are going through a situation where we the country and saving ourselves from down the country for around one week. are detecting around 400 Covid-positive Ukrainian tourists entered the country in batches starting December 2020 as part of a pilot project Covid-19. Only then can we contain this virus. When cases per day. If the current situation was to open the country up for tourism – Pujanee Galappaththi the sunday morning 11 Sunday, January 10, 2021 HOTSEAT/FOCUS We are prepared Dr. Sudharshini Fernandopulle z Registration of z Discussions on z Discussions z First round of vaccine suppliers vaccine with now ongoing vaccination in has commenced Russia on hold with India mid-February

BY SARAH HANNAN allocated to Sri Lanka. For the moment, we Moreover, the apparel industry owners Will there be a special tender procedure Would the vaccination programme be are preparing for both options that are made have also offered to raise funds to contribute that would be followed since these are included in the private sector health With news of vaccinations for Covid- available through the COVAX Facility and towards the vaccination purchasing fund of essentials and considered emergency facilities as well? 19 being made available for most from other countries that have agreed to the Government to support the task. People medical supplies? At the onset, the Government will offer countries in the world, Sri Lanka supply stocks. are to visit the state hospital to receive their The tenders will be called through the the vaccination free of charge to the people has decided to consider all options inoculation shots for Covid-19. Government and will have to proceed that are considered to be the high-risk and to bring down the vaccinations What is the progress on the discussions through the guidelines issued. Also, the vulnerable groups. But once the Government including applying for the COVAX that Sri Lanka initiated with Russia over 20% that we will get through the COVAX starts the vaccination programme, we would Facility that is recommended by the the Sputnik V vaccination? Facility and the negotiations that we are later permit the private sector health facilities World Health Organisation (WHO). Russia initially offered to supply part currently pursuing with India, would to administer the vaccination. of the requirement of vaccinations to Sri give us the necessary consignments Firstly, the Government will take the Amid the hype of early vaccination Lanka. However, those discussions have Firstly, the Government will for the first round of vaccinations. The responsibility in administering the Covid- becoming accessible across the globe, been halted, as we are having negotiations take the responsibility in procurements of all these vaccinations will 19 vaccinations to the public. We will also people are also eager to commence their with India for their vaccination. In addition take place through the State Pharmaceutical offer a smaller share of the vaccination air travel. Sri Lanka therefore piloted the to that, China too has offered to supply administering the Covid-19 Corporation (SPC), so the regular tender programme to the private sector healthcare project since end-December 2020, two vaccinations to us. In any case, all these vaccinations to the public. We procedures will follow. organisations. So, the people who do not fall months after the initial plan of reopening the vaccination suppliers will have to register will also offer a smaller share into these categories that are currently listed country in October that was hindered by the with the NMRA (National Medicines Do we have the required infrastructure as priority, could get their vaccination from second wave of Covid-19 being activated Regulatory Authority) and we will allow of the vaccination programme for large-scale importing of vaccines? private practices, if they are willing to pay that month. multiple suppliers to register following the to the private sector For the vaccination from AstraZeneca, for the vaccine. But that would be done in This week on The Sunday Morning due process. healthcare organisations we do not have a storage issue at all, and due course, not right at the beginning of the Hot Seat is State Minister for Primary even if we decide to bring in the vaccination vaccination programme rollout. Healthcare, Epidemics, and Covid- When can Sri Lanka expect the first from Pfizer-BioNTech, we should be able 19 Disease Control Dr. Sudarshini batch of vaccination that will be released to manage with the present infrastructure Would price controls be implemented Fernandopulle, who answered some of to 20% of the population as informed last XIxs the first consignment afforded to we have in place. When the need arises, on the Covid vaccinations available at the questions we all have regarding the year? Sri Lanka free of charge? If not, have we we will hire the cold storage trucks and the private hospitals? vaccination programme and whether We may not receive the entire bulk of allocated sufficient money to purchase logistics will be managed according to the We will issue a price control over the reopening the country for tourism was the the two million vaccinations in one go, these vaccinations? requirement. vaccinations that would be administered best choice given the new strains of Covid- and the estimated timeline to commence It depends on the COVAX Facility. We The Government has also accounted through private hospitals. The Government 19 present. immunisation programmes has been set for will get 20% of the vaccinations, which for budgets to support infrastructure will be giving it free of charge anyway. Excerpts of the interview below: mid-February with a tentative timeframe would be free, and we will have to purchase development in the health sector. Therefore, But the private hospitals will be calculating going up to March, first week. the rest of the vaccination supplies. The I don’t see that it would be an issue. We the controlled price for the vaccination Has Sri Lanka taken a decision as to Government is committed to obtaining the can manage with the available resources, and will add the cost of logistics to it. For whether we would source the vaccinations Has the priority list for receiving the consignments on behalf of its people. but there would be instances we would instance, if you take the PCR testing that is from one country, or will we be looking at vaccination been drafted yet? Who are need additional amenities, for which the currently taking place, the majority of it is several options? the target groups that would first receive Have we considered registering suppliers necessary suppliers have been consulted done through state hospitals, and a smaller We have registered with the COVAX the vaccination? of these vaccinations with the NMRA? through donor agencies. percentage of the population is willing to Facility to receive a segment of the Three committees were appointed by When will the Expression of Interest pay for the diagnostic test. For that, there vaccinations that would be released and the the Ministry of Health, and the list that (EOI) be opened? How long would it take for the is a controlled price at the moment, but balance consignments are to be supplied has been put together as priority would be The State Ministry was informed on vaccinations to be freely accessible when there is competition among the sector, through the Serum Institute of India and the frontline health workers, the military, Wednesday (6) that the registering process through the state healthcare system to the automatically the prices will also come down. several other vaccination suppliers as well and the police personnel that are directly for suppliers of Covid-19 vaccinations has general public? as with whom we have initiated discussions. involved in Covid-19 management; those been initiated. The WHO has already given The initiative will be taken from the Would we also provide volunteers Right now, the WHO has given above the age of 50; persons considered emergency approval for Pfizer-BioNTech, Government’s end, and if you consider the for the clinical trials taking place for emergency approval for Covid-19 to be vulnerable to the virus due to non- with AstraZeneca now completing its vaccination programmes that have been vaccinations that are produced globally, vaccinations prepared by Pfizer-BioNTech communicable diseases; and factory clinical trials. So, the registration procedures in place, most of it was made available given that several Covid-19 strains are and AstraZeneca to be issued for all workers with the main focus being on the with the NMRA have commenced. Anybody to the public through the state healthcare present in Sri Lanka? countries. apparel industry, since they are one of the that is planning to supply the vaccination to system for free. Therefore, the frontrunner So far, we have not had any discussion Through the COVAX Facility, we are still highest generators of foreign currency the country will have to be registered with for Covid-19 vaccinations too will be the on that. not aware as to which vaccination would be revenue for the country. the NMRA. Government and the Ministry of Health. Contd. on page 12

RE-OPENING AIRPORTS

We will discuss the success of the pilot project and address any of the protocol Bumpy pilot project paves the way breaches that took place, so that the protocols and guidelines could be z z z revisited and strengthened in time for Authorities in charge displeased Quarantine regulations changed Fresh guidelines issued the reopening on 21 January With the first batch of Ukrainian tourists on 28 December 2020, when some of the NOCPCO Head and Army Commander leaving the island after completing their travellers had not even honoured the basic Gen. Shavendra Silva 10-day tour, following the pilot project of health guidelines to wear a facemask when restarting tourism, the National Operation they were in the public access areas of the Centre for Prevention of Covid-19 Outbreak airport. Further concerns were raised when (NOCPCO) is scheduling a progress review several of the travellers started to return meeting to be held at the end of this week Covid-19-positive results from the PCR with the relevant stakeholders to discuss tests that were carried out on their arrival, matters. which was on the second day of their stay in Amid all this commotion, the Ministry the country. of Tourism last week announced that they There were also concerns when the are fully re-opening airports on 21 January SLTDA issued a statement which indicated for commercial flights which will allow that they were not briefed about the tour smaller groups of tourists into the country, itineraries of these Ukrainian groups that as Sri Lanka gradually opens its borders to were being hosted in Sri Lanka. This led to be included in the itineraries for the visiting recommence the tourism sector. a protocol breach, which later trickled down foreigners after they undergo the health Ukrainian passengers who arrived at As the pilot project now reaches its the Mattala Rajapaksa International to the safari jeep drivers in Yala National screening and PCR tests that would confirm midpoint, The Sunday Morning contacted Airport on 28 December 2020 Park, as they were not briefed properly that they are negative for Covid-19.” NOCPCO Head and Sri Lanka Army PHOTO AASL MEDIA UNIT about being sent to quarantine after handling The Ministry has picked the Minneriya Commander Gen. Shavendra Silva to the Ukrainian tour group that went on safari National Park, Sigiriya, the Dambulla inquire about the progress of the pilot they too will follow the guidelines in place,” project and address any of the protocol on the sixth day of their tour. Temple, Udawalawe, the Horton Plains project and whether we are ready to reopen Gen. Silva noted. breaches that took place, so that the National Park, the Sinharaja Forest, the airports on 21 January. A progress review meeting is to be called protocols and guidelines could be revisited Issues addressed the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, “As this was a pilot project, we did expect at the NOCPCO on Friday (15) by Gen. and strengthened in time for the reopening Minister of Tourism , the Yala National Park, the Peradeniya some hiccups and for the moment, have Silva with the participation of the Ministry on 21 January,” Gen. Silva reiterated. speaking to The Sunday Morning said: Botanical Gardens, the Pinnawala Elephant taken measures to address all the issues that of Health and Ministry of Tourism officials, “Problematic areas were identified during Orphanage, whale watching in Kalpitiya, were highlighted. The first batch completed the Sri Lanka Tourism Development Recapping the pilot project the pilot project phase. Therefore, necessary and a shopping tour at Laksala as the their tour and returned to Ukraine on 7 Authority (SLTDA), and Airport and The fault-finding commenced from steps will be taken to regulate opening the selected places and activities that the tourists January as well. There are four more tour Aviation Services (Sri Lanka) Ltd. (AASL). the time they arrived at the Mattala country to tourists from 21 January. We have would be allowed to visit and engage in. groups that are currently in the country and “We will discuss the success of the pilot Rajapaksa International Airport (MRIA) identified 12 tourist attractions that are to Contd. on page 12 12 the sunday morning OPINION/FOCUS Sunday, January 10, 2021

BY DR. CHARUNI KOHOMBANGE SRI LANKA MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2020 will be remembered as the most challenging year in our lifetime and it has provided us much to reflect upon. Covid-19 has inflicted an unexpected and unprecedented degree of damage and uncertainty on humanity, affecting all sectors either directly or indirectly, A reflection on 2020 and making it a challenging year to all the leaders in organisations. Prof. Indika Karunathilake took over the position of Sri Lanka Medical Association (SLMA) President on 21 December 2019 amidst this challenging situation and challenges for 2021 concluded his tenure on 21 December 2020, a forum for all professional bodies (colleges with commendable success. and associations) of medical practitioners in Following is an interview with Prof. Indika Sri Lanka, named the SLMA Inter-Collegiate Karunathilake, the immediate past president of Committee (SMIC). As a committee, which SLMA, to discuss the challenges faced, lessons was formed only nine months ago, the SMIC learnt, and challenges foreseen for 2021. can be justifiably proud of its contribution towards the national responsibility in the As the apex medical association in the prevention and control of Covid-19. Bringing country, the pandemic situation called together more than 50 different medical for SLMA to contribute in its maximum professional colleges and associations itself capacity in this fight against Covid-19 and was a task considered as impossible when work with government authorities and International webinar on Covid-19 in collaboration with APACPH Working with the National Election Commission considering the difficulties faced while other professional sectors. How did you arriving at a consensus even within one face this challenge successfully? to educate the public, clarify doubts, clear Sri Lanka was continuous in keeping with followers of the SLMA Facebook page organisation. The SLMA has been relentlessly working misconceptions, and bring clarity during the national need. increased from 9,000 to 25,000. The SLMA The 133rd Anniversary International with the government authorities, other these confusing times via numerous Whilst functioning towards the YouTube channel achieved the Medical Congress and the APACPH professional colleges, and other relevant appearances on national and electronic media same aspiration, active engagement landmark of 1,000 subscribers 2020 Conference were transformed into a sectors. The success of the first national and published many articles on national and transparency were pivotal to and 50,000 views, up from a mere hybrid format and conducted successfully symposium “Novel Coronavirus Infection media to this effect. strong partnerships and overcoming 68 subscribers and 1,000 views. amidst several restrictions. It was indeed a (nCoV), Wuhan China – Are We Ready to The SLMA acted as an independent complications. Over 500 high-quality videos with significant accomplishment. Face It?” held on 30 January 2020 triggered technical contributor in conducting the educational content were added to Preparation, understanding the capacity, a whirlwind of activity including high- General Election 2020, in close collaboration 2020 was a year of digital YouTube, influencing the new era communication with the members, and level meetings, webinars, international with the Election Commission, in accordance revolution, as almost all of online education. collaboration with partner association were conferences, situational analysis, field work, with Covid-19 prevention guidelines. sectors have to work online The SLMA online learning undeniable fundamentals in achieving research, media briefings, capacity building A situation analysis of the Peliyagoda maintaining physical distancing. platform for CPD was developed the SLMA’s status even during these SLMA Immediate Past and most importantly, advocacy. Fish Market cluster was conducted by the Was the SLMA prepared for President Prof. Indika with over 20 modules, and is now unprecedented times. The Asia Pacific Academic Consortium SLMA in collaboration with the Ministry of this challenging situation and Karunathilake completely populated with content for Public Health (APACPH) international Fisheries, as various misconceptions arose how did you face this challenge and ready to be launched. With your enormous experience, do you webinar on Covid-19 held on 30 April 2020, with the fisheries industry being affected by successfully? foresee any challenges for 2021 with in collaboration with the SLMA, titled the pandemic. It was the need of the hour. Cancelling It was a catastrophic situation and many regard to the healthcare service of Sri “Breaking the Transmission Chain Through An online training programme on our activities due to physical distancing organisations faced a massive financial Lanka and what are your suggestions for Community Empowerment”, marked a “Communication Skills Development restrictions was not an acceptable option crisis. How did the SLMA face this facing these challenges effectively? highlight, as it was the first international for Covid-19 Frontline Workforce” was for us. Instead, we decided to adapt to the financial challenge? In 2020, the SLMA thrived in the new virtual conference of its kind conducted by conducted in collaboration with Ministry of new normal. Most of our activities were While the pandemic and associated normal and rose to the occasion. National- these two esteemed medical associations. Health and National Operation Centre for either completely online or hybrid. All restrictions spelled financial crisis for many level organisations should be able to convert This was followed by a series of weekly Prevention of Covid-19 Outbreak providing conferences were conducted using state-of- organisations, the SLMA achieved a healthy the crisis into a blessing in disguise while webinars held every Friday, providing a a prestigious platform for the participants to the-art technology. The 133rd Anniversary financial status. This was a remarkable fulfilling a national leadership role and platform for experts to discuss timely issues enhance their communication skills while International Medical Congress of the SLMA achievement considering the year started with achieving international recognition. related to the pandemic. overcoming the implications on ethics, themed “Professional Development for a negative balance in the general account. The SLMA made extraordinary The SLMA, Sri Lanka Medical professionalism, and relationships. Quality Enhancement of Healthcare, Beyond This was achieved through collaboration, progress during 2020. That itself makes Intercollegiate Committee (SMIC), the It was a year that needed many Covid-19 Pandemic” was held amidst the attention to detail, minimising wastage, 2021 a challenging year. The pressure of Sri Lanka Association of Young Scientists collaborative partnerships. What pandemic reflecting the best practices to be commitment, sacrifices, and hard work. expectations can be enormous. It is very (SLAYS) in collaboration with the National was your experience of working in followed in the “new normal”. important to guard against the urge to do Inventions Commission on Covid-19 close collaboration with national and The recently concluded APACPH 2020 What are the SLMA’s success stories something different immediately. inventions launched a Health Innovation international organisations? What were Conference themed “Public Health in the during the year 2020 and what is Building on the strong foundation while Awards programme, concurrently to the the challenges faced and how did you New Normal” was perhaps the first-ever your advice to fellow professional preventing a reversal of what was achieved 133rd Anniversary International Medical overcome these challenges? international conference that successfully organisations? is the sensible approach. Being the apex Congress, where noteworthy health We worked very closely with several combined in-person participation, video This extraordinary situation called for professional body in the field of medicine, it innovations related to Covid-19 were international organisations including the conferencing, and virtual and augmented collaboration and cooperation. During this is crucial to take the correct decision at the recognised and appreciated. WHO, World Bank, UNFPA, UNICEF, reality. year, many organisations became defunct or correct time, since it carries a far-reaching Expanding beyond its professional and APACPH. The collaboration with the Social media was used to the maximum extinct. impact on the healthcare system and the lives magnitude, the SLMA worked tirelessly Ministry of Health and the Government of to reach the membership. The number of The SLMA took the initiative to establish of all Sri Lankans. Contd. from page 11

briefed about the tour itineraries. flights were not allowed into the Even the quarantine regulations were What are your thoughts on this? country, and those who arrived Bumpy pilot... breached by this group,” Sri Lanka We are... What we must remember is that through the repatriation process were Association of Government Medical Are we prepared to treat any this was the pilot project to reopen managed accordingly at the airports. “The SLTDA will be in charge of of one month, which can be purchased Laboratory Technologists President persons that would have adverse the country for tourism amid the We will however continue to co-ordinating these tour itineraries, through the Tourism Mobile App or Ravi Kumudesh noted. reactions to the vaccination? pandemic. This was done to identify monitor these procedures and should so that they could ensure all the staff they could sign up for it at the time of Kumudesh revealed that the Of course. We have had the strengths and gaps. The Ministry there be a weakness in the procedures and agencies that are involved would making a reservation for the hotel or at co-ordinator behind the pilot project vaccination programmes in the of Health prepared the guidelines followed, we will take necessary follow the health guidelines to prevent the time of purchasing their air ticket had openly remarked that the group country for over 50 years. Sri in collaboration with the Ministry measures to strengthen them the tourists coming into contact to travel to Sri Lanka that toured were not willing to follow Lanka’s healthcare sector has a very of Tourism. These guidelines are to promptly. The Health Ministry will with the general public,” Ranatunga the quarantine regulations or undergo good system in place to monitor be reviewed constantly, and we at intervene and ensure that there is no reiterated. SLTDA unhappy the required amount of PCR tests the adverse effects following the Health Ministry will advise the breach in protocol. Following the haphazard manner before they were allowed to travel immunisation. We are prepared to Tourism Ministry on how to take Covid-19 prevention should not Fresh guidelines issued the pilot project was handled, as to various tourist attractions in the treat them; the only difference this control of such situations in the only be the responsibility of the In preparation to reopen the the first batch of Ukrainian tourists country. time is that we are vaccinating adults. future. Ministry of Health. We need the airports on 21 January Director arrived in Sri Lanka on 28 December, “A source at the tourist board said We have the emergency preparedness We identified certain weaknesses support of the rest of the stakeholders General of Health Services Dr. Asela the SLTDA noted that the Ministry that the quarantine law which was triage and there will be doctors in and as the Health Ministry have and the public alike to open the Gunawardena on Thursday (7) issued of Tourism and Pilot Project in place for 14 days was reduced to charge to handle such situations. advised the relevant sectors to follow country up, as Covid-19 cannot be updated Covid-19 health guidelines Co-ordinator Udayanga Weeratunga seven days due to their influence. the guidelines that were given. It is eliminated in a specified time period. to be followed by tourists visiting the had failed to update the SLTDA on Considering all these factors, it is Will Sri Lanka have the facilities also the responsibility of the rest of The country’s economy needs to country. the tour itineraries, which in turn did questionable whether the Ministry of to formulate its own vaccinations the stakeholders such as the Tourism rebound while taking preventive Commercial flights and repatriation not allow them to efficiently brief the Health has formulated quarantine laws in the future? Is that something the Ministry and the relevant agencies to measures to prevent the virus from flights will operate parallelly as both facilitators at the tourist venues the as per the behaviour of individuals healthcare system has requested ensure that guidelines are complied spreading and safeguarding the the Bandaranaike International Airport group visited. rather than the behaviour of viruses,” from the Government? with. health and wellbeing of the citizens (BIA) in Katunayake and MRIA SLTDA Chairman Kimarli he questioned. We are very keen on setting up our This pilot project was done to of Sri Lanka. would make provisions to process Fernando last week sent a letter Accordingly, if the Ministry of own production facilities to produce restart tourism and once again passengers arriving in the country, to Tourism Minister Prasanna Health changes the quarantine law, our own supply of medicines. provide the opportunity to the near What steps do we have in place to as the flights scheduled to arrive Ranatunga, demanding that, as agreed the scientific basis for it should be There has been discussion with the three million people that are directly ensure that the recently mutated too would gradually increase their upon during a task force meeting, clarified and it should be extended WHO, which was initiated by the or indirectly involved in the tourism variants don’t enter the country? scheduled flight arrivals. the SLTDA has to be provided with to the people of this country and Sri Lanka WHO Representative sector to benefit once the country’s Everyone that would be arriving “The number of passengers that itineraries in advance, including details the migrant workers that are being on the request of Basil Rajapaksa, borders are fully reopened for leisure from overseas will be sent for would be allowed into the country of the drivers and the guides who repatriated due to job losses. concerning the domestic tourism. I should reiterate that it is mandatory quarantine for two weeks within a day will be determined by would be involved in these excursions He pointed out that if one or production of the necessary the responsibility of the relevant and the laboratories will conduct the available testing capacities at to be relayed to the health authorities several travellers test positive and medicines and pharmaceuticals. agencies and the people to comply the necessary investigation and run the private laboratories, which our for screening and quarantine purposes. are found to have travelled under a So, we will consider these facility with the guidelines that have been diagnostics for PCR testing and Ministry would decide along with Even after a week had passed since bio-bubble concept, all their close implementations as well. issued, so that the rest of the tourism then study the different strains that the Ministry of Tourism. In addition the tour group arrived, Fernando contacts will have to be placed under The issue is that Sri Lanka sector could also reap the benefits are entering the country. The new to that, we are also working closely noted that the Director General had quarantine. However, in this case that does not have a large market and from the tour groups that will be strain of the virus, although highly with the Civil Aviation Authority not received said itineraries, with the did not happen; the rest of the group we do not have a ready market coming into Sri Lanka in the weeks infectious, is not fatal. Disease (CAA) and the Airport and Aviation Ministry of Tourism and Weeratunga continued with their tour within five like other countries, because our to follow. surveillance is in place; we have a Services (Sri Lanka) Ltd. about failing to provide the necessary days, while not even wearing a mask, population is limited. If we produce team studying the sequence of the the arrangements that are to be information. and only those who tested positive had pharmaceuticals, we should have an The Government has announced strains and observing the behaviour made regarding the flight crew,” The SLTDA further expressed its been referred to a treatment centre, international market for it as well. that airports will fully reopen for of the virus strains that are in the Dr. Gunawardena told The Sunday hope that the Covid-19 presidential thus violating not only the bio-bubble Therefore, we need to consider commercial flight arrivals by 23 country at present. Morning. The conditions that are in task force has been informed of this guidelines, but also the basic rules of the external factors as well. But January. Have the necessary health place for travellers visiting Sri Lanka and that necessary protocols are being quarantine and health guidelines. of course, we are ready to initiate measures for it been discussed? Do we have the necessary health for leisure will entail: followed. “Also, according to international such projects and the Government The Ministry of Health is closely infrastructure to ensure constant epidemiological law, if a foreigner too is very keen on improving and working with the Airport and monitoring of the virus and its Obtaining the visit/tourist Healthcare unions develops a corona infection in a expanding domestic production. Aviation Services (Sri Lanka) Ltd. possible variants? visa online concerned country, that country is responsible for (AASL), the Civil Aviation Authority Our Epidemiology Unit is Agreeing to pay for the PCR tests “It is evident that all the protocols it and has a responsibility to cure the On the Ukrainian tour groups (CAA), and the Ministry of Tourism constantly monitoring the incidents that they would have to undergo that were in place and the health foreigner before deporting him from pilot project, there have been and Aviation to ensure that the and the fatalities that are caused during their stay in the country, which guidelines that should have been that country. Accordingly, we must concerns over protocol breach, Covid-19 preventive measures and by various strains. We are also is two PCR tests for a seven-day stay followed were disregarded by also pay primary attention to the fact such as violation of certain the health screening procedures are being supported by the university and three PCR tests for a visit that the people that co-ordinated this that the Ukrainians that travelled in the quarantine rules and the Sri followed. laboratories to conduct further studies goes beyond seven days pilot project. They gave priority to bio-bubble were infected with Covid- Lanka Tourism Development All along, there have been flights into the Covid-19 strains that are The traveller having to purchase the conducting business over the health 19,” Kumudesh noted. Authority (SLTDA) not being in operation, although commercial present in Sri Lanka. Covid-19 Insurance Cover for a period or scientific needs for disease control. – Sarah Hannan the sunday morning 13 Sunday, January 10, 2021 FOCUS

CONTROLLING PRICES OF ESSENTIAL FOODS Plagued with practical issues BY SARAH HANNAN Essential item Price at Sathosa Gazetted Wholesale price (First Retail price (First The Ministry of Trade’s decision (January 2021) price week of Jan 2021) week of Jan 2021) to maintain a stable price for 10 Samba 1 kg 98 98 98 130 essential food items for a period of six months from February in Red raw rice 1 kg 92 93 93 110 order to provide consumers with White raw rice 1 kg 93 93 93 110 such items at an affordable price Nadu 1 kg 96 96 96 130 will only be possible through the state-owned retail store chains. The Wheat flour 1 kg 84 N/A 84 N/A same products in other retail stores White sugar – bulk 1 kg 85 N/A 85 140 would still be fluctuating from time Brown sugar – bulk 1 kg 145 N/A N/A N/A to time, depending on the changing Dhal red 1 kg 175 65 160 240 cost of logistics and product availability, it is learnt. Canned fish 425 g 250 100 200 295 Sprats 1 kg 655 N/A 600 900 The necessity to provide essential foods Big onions 1 kg 75 150 150 260 items at controlled prices increased after the public was badly hit by the lockdowns Potatoes (imported) 1 kg 130 N/A 120 260 and the subsequent loss of livelihoods and Potatoes (local) 1 kg 205 N/A 270 380 incomes. Eggs (white/brown) 17 N/A 17 20 As a solution, the Government announced Shoppers gather at Manning Market to buy their daily essentials controlled prices for items such as rice, PHOTO PRADEEP DAMBARAGE Curry chicken 1 kg N/A N/A 460 680 dhal, canned fish, and big onions last year. Broiler chicken 1 kg N/A N/A 430 430 Yet these items were only available at the is set in motion, we plan to pay for the (EFCITA) President G. Rajendran about controlled price through the state-owned stocks obtained within a period of seven supplying certain commodities at the outlets. days, eliminating the long waiting period controlled price to the state-owned retail handled by an entirely different association, selected essential items will be sold at Speaking to The Sunday Morning, suppliers had to generally undergo,” Dr. chain stores, he stated: “We only have and would have to discuss terms of supply controlled prices at the state-owned retail Minister of Trade Dr. Bandula Gunawardana Gunawardana elaborated. control over several products that the and whether they are able to provide stores. Therefore, the action from our said: “The objective of this is to strengthen The Minister also stated that an Minister of Trade has listed as essential stocks for the six-month period at the part is to issue the gazette once the prices the state-owned retail store chains such as Expression of Interest advertisement is to food items, which can be supplied at the Government’s price. have been finalised – that is by the end of CWE outlets, co-operative shops, and Q be published early this week calling for controlled prices, such as dhal and sugar. “In any case, the supply of goods at the January.” shops to provide high-quality products to the suppliers that intend to enrol under this However, supplying perishable items at such controlled price would only be afforded The price control mechanism monitoring consumers whilst maintaining stable prices programme, after which tenders will be prices will be the challenge. We are holding from our end to the state-owned retail chain and the raids over the substandard goods for 10 essential food items for a period of called in the following week from registered discussions with the suppliers as to whether stores such as Sathosa and co-operative supplied that are to be conducted on traders six months beginning from February.” suppliers who are able to supply essential they could provide us stocks at the set price shops. The prices in the outside market will will continue regularly by the CAA. Dr. Gunawardana stated that rice, wheat food items at fixed prices. They will then be for a period of time.” vary, but we will maintain it at the agreed “Errant traders too will be closely flour, sugar, dhal, canned fish, potatoes, selected to supply the selected items at the In the case of rice, the EFCITA said upon maximum retail price,” Rajendran monitored and necessary action will sprats, big onions, eggs, and poultry will controlled price for a period of six months. that they handle imported rice products. added. be taken by the CAA to ensure that the be sold to consumers through state-owned Therefore, the Government will have to consumers are not inconvenienced when retail store chain outlets islandwide. Supplying perishables a challenge discuss that with the local rice mill owners Close eye on errant traders traders decide to stockpile essential goods “We are also looking at expediting the However, when The Sunday Morning and rice producers. Meanwhile, Consumer Affairs Authority in hopes of releasing the goods to the payments for the suppliers, which at present contacted Essential Food Commodities Furthermore, they are also discussing with (CAA) Spokesperson Asela Bandara market once the prices increase due to short seems to have a lag. Once this initiative Importers’ and Traders’ Association suppliers of dried fish (sprats), as that is said: “As the Minister has stated, the 10 supply,” Bandara added.

Contd. from page 3 Contd. from page 4 Military solution... Cycle of... Dept. of Agriculture be when applied to Sri enough before it wreaks Taking a toll for the registration of Anuradhapura and under the the process of giving them not consulted Lanka’s maize cultivations, havoc.” Microfinancing has been Microfinance Non- new programme, a loan up to financial literacy,” he added. When The Sunday said: “The pesticide In March 2018, the an extremely sensitive issue Governmental Organisations Rs. 300,000 will be provided However, when asked Morning contacted includes pyrethrins which Rwandan Government, prevailing in rural areas, (MNGOs) registered under to those forced to settle their about the total allocations, he Department of Agriculture is a refined extract of in collaboration with the claiming at least 170 lives the Voluntary Social Services debts. stressed that the microfinance Director General Dr. pyrethrum and is toxic Food and Agriculture during the past few years. Organisations (Registration Explaining further, State issue is not prevalent in all W.M.W. Weerakoon not only for the Fall Organisation of the United According to statistics, and Supervision) Act, No. 31 Minister of Samurdhi, districts but only in the Uva, to inquire whether any armyworm caterpillar, Nations (FAO), launched in Sri Lanka, there are of 1980 (VSSO Act) by the Household Economy, Northern, and North Central decision was reached but would also destroy a campaign to install about 15,000 microfinance Registrar of VSSO. Microfinance, Self- Provinces and part of the regarding seeking arthropods, bees, and other pheromone traps to catch institutions that are illegally According to the Act, Employment, Business Central Province, especially assistance from Rwanda insects that are beneficial moths, which Sri Lanka operating in the country. a microfinance business Development, and the estates. Therefore, the or following the same to the growth of a plant and currently employs as part of However, only 54 companies is one which accepts Underutilised State Resources initial amount would be pest control method to keep the soil fertile. This the integrated pest control have been registered with the deposits and provides (a) Development Shehan released to the Samurdhi they had employed, we type of pesticide should solution that is in place to Microfinance Association financial accommodation Semasinghe said that based banks and the system would were informed that Dr. never be administered on tackle the FAW invasion. and only those who obtained in any form, (b) other on the performance of the be monitored. Weerakoon was only a mass scale, and is only Not only pesticides loans from those companies financial services, or (c) new programme, the amount “The 7% low interest invited for the presentation recommended to be applied Given that more than enjoyed the benefits financial accommodation would be increased gradually. scheme loans from and was not part of the in isolated localities if 98% of maize farmers given by the Government in any form and other “At the beginning, we are Samurdhi banks can also discussions that took required.” in Rwanda and most on several occasions. financial services mainly planning to issue them an be amalgamated with the place between the defence African countries are small However, according to to low-income persons and amount of up to Rs. 300,000 system,” he added. officials thereafter. FAW here to stay landholders growing maize the CBSL website, only microenterprises. so that they can spare that Furthermore, the State “I am not in a position Additionally, on less than two hectares four institutions have been Accordingly, there are amount in their financial Minister stressed that the to respond as I was not Weligamage explained that of land and saving seeds registered with the Central no laws applicable to needs. There will be a necessary laws would also briefed on the points that since the FAW invasion to plant the next crop, Bank. microfinance institutions revolving fund working with be amended and steps have were discussed nor was is already settled in Sri Rwanda’s Ministry of The Microfinance Act No. which do not accept the Samurdhi Bank. While already been taken together I consulted as to whether Lanka, quick-fix pest Agriculture and Animal 6 of 2016 provides for the deposits. giving this option, somebody with the Attorney General’s Sri Lanka could employ control methods will not be Resources has asked the licensing, regulation, and could say this amount is not (AG) Department. the same method of pest the most effective, adding farmers to visit their crops supervision of companies A sigh of relief? enough, but initially, we don’t “We want to have a management as Rwanda. that an integrated pest regularly to observe if carrying on microfinance Meanwhile, the want to give a lump sum regulation up to a certain Moreover, following their control method should be they have caterpillars and business, which are called Government has amount. However, if they extent. When we have a field visit, the Rwandan employed. remove them by spraying licensed microfinance implemented a special perform well, we can show tough system, we further delegation did not share any “In the case of using pesticide as well as companies (LMFCs). programme using the that the need is there and that pave the way for unlawful of the facts they uncovered pyrethrins, all insects that manually. If the caterpillars LMFCs would be directly existing Samurdhi banking it has been managed well, and money lending. We are trying with our Department. come into contact with it have grown beyond the life regulated by the Monetary system to provide relief we can increase the amount to control the organised However, it is said that can ingest the pesticide cycle, the pesticides would Board of the Central Bank. for microfinance victims. on the instruction of Prime companies and people who the team briefed the Army through contact or by be effective. However, according to Accordingly, the pilot project Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa. can be identified, who are in Commander during their consuming the leaves that According to the FAO, CBSL, the Act provides was recently launched in In the meantime, we are in the system,” he added. courtesy meeting,” Dr. the pesticide has been challenges in mitigating Weerakoon explained. sprayed on (stomach FAW damage include, Since the FAW invasion poisoning). Therefore, if among others, the was detected in the you take a bee that is going lack of the following: country in 2018, it was the to help with the pollination Co-ordination at global, One step... Horticultural Crop Research process, it too could die regional, and national When do you hope to means there is a risk of infection/illness more rural it gets. and Development Institute if it comes in contact levels; effective monitoring commence the project? to those who handle it. Girls can’t flush Period friendly (HORDI) that conducted with pollen that has the and control techniques; We hope to start this off in it down their school toilets. Burying or toilets is the next studies and formulated pesticide sprayed on. That and effective phytosanitary approximately three months from now, burning it might also be problematic. How step forward. As the integrated pest control will in return threaten the measures and capacity at preferably April, starting from the first do they dispose of them in a way that is the Government has method that is currently biodiversity of the country,” national level. school term this year. not harmful for humans as well as the taken considerable in use to address the FAW Weligamage stressed. Due to its voracious Opinions of activists who have been Earth?” efforts and opened issue. Even Rwanda’s Minister nature and broad host vocal on the subject the doors, I think yy Adfactors PR Strategic However, HORDI of Agriculture and Animal range, the FAW has been it’s also important yy Happy Bleeding Founder and Communications Manager and experts too had not been Resources at the time, designated as one of the 10 to promote radical Writer Nadeesha Paulis former counterpart of the Advocata consulted regarding Gérardine Mukeshimana worst pests and diseases awareness efforts on team Anuki Premachandra importing the technical had said: “Most of the threatening global food “I think it’s a great proper sexual and reproductive health know-how or a pesticide to farmers have learnt how to security (CABI, 2018) and initiative. but we “A little big win. I think it’s a great – educating the girls not only about the tackle the FAW invasion. deal with it by collecting livelihoods. It is estimated have to also look at start. Now, what can be done is to usage of the sanitary napkin itself (how HORDI Principal and destroying caterpillars that the FAW has the it in a sustainable look at how these efforts could be long it can be worn for and how often Scientist – Entomology and young moths as well potential to destroy up to aspect as well. With expanded further. I hope they also look it has to be discarded and renewed and Senani Weligamage, as by spraying pesticide 80 million tonnes of maize so many pads being into sanitation and disposal, which is the ill effects of improper usage) but when inquired by The on the infected maize. But, worth $ 18 billion per year, used, how will they something I was initially concerned also extended education. To couple their Sunday Morning on how the Fall armyworm is still a affecting about 600 million dispose of them? about. Lack of dustbins, proper waste efforts with a little more awareness and effective a pyrethrins- threat. We need farmers to people in Africa, the Asia Soiled pads are segregation method or waste disposal education in the long term will result in based pesticide could be prepared to fight it early Pacific, and the Near East. biowaste, which method at all are additional problems, the some real, positive change.” 14 the sunday morning PICTORIAL Sunday, January 10, 2021

Well wishers, media personnel, and family mourned the death of slain journalist and The Sunday Leader Editor Lasantha Wickrematunge on Friday (8), marking 12 years since his Samples being taken from Maligawatta Housing Scheme residents for death random PCR testing before the isolation status of the area was lifted last Monday (4)

The old Manning Market in Colombo being demolished last Tuesday (5)

Asanka Edirisinghe (centre), one of the Agriculture Ministry Secretary Maj. four former Directors of Swarnamahal Gen. Sumedha Perera (left) and Jewellers Ltd. and ETI Finance who were Minister of Agriculture Mahindananda produced before the Fort Magistrate’s The 122nd birthday of Sri Lanka Freedom Aluthgamage at a press briefing at the Court on Wednesday (6), being escorted Party (SLFP) Founder and late Prime Agriculture Ministry on Thursday (7) to court A street singer near the Lipton Roundabout in Minister S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike was Colombo commemorated on Friday (8) near his statue at Galle Face Green Samagi Jana Balawega (SJB) and Opposition Leader Sajith Premadasa and SJB members protested in front of the Foreign Employment Bureau on Thursday (7) The Joint Health Workers’ Union staged a demanding that protest in front of the Colombo National the Government Hospital on Wednesday (6) demanding repatriate migrant that all the substitute employees who have workers stranded A stock of turmeric powder imported into completed 180 days of service be made A former soldier and his son protesting at the Agitation overseas due to the country illegally was inspected by the permanent employees, among several Site in Colombo last Monday (4) against the injustice he is the prevailing authorities at the Customs Office last Monday (4) other demands facing with regard to the ownership of his house situation

A protest was held in the Agitation Zone in Colombo on Friday (8) against a foreign employment agency named E-WINGS that swindled money from job applicants

ETI Finance Ltd. depositors launched a protest from Seized drugs valued at Rs. 135 million Technical Junction Maradana to Hultsdorf Junction were presented to the media on last Monday (4), demanding their money be returned Thursday (7) at the Customs Office

A monk and members of the public at a protest held last Monday (4) in front of the Presidential Secretariat to demand that the burial of the Covid-19 deceased not #Li be allowed

Youth members of the National Freedom Front (NFF) staged a protest in front of the National Eye Hospital on Thursday (7) demanding that national unity be maintained, and racism and extremism ving be eradiated in the country

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Visit www.pulse.lk/mag or Indian External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar (left) and Sri Lankan Foreign Affairs Minister Dinesh Gunawardena (right) greeting each other during a joint press briefing at the Foreign Affairs It scan the QR code to view the Ministry in Colombo on Wednesday (6) latest edition of the Pulse Magazine. PHOTOS LALITH PERERA, PRADEEP DAMBARAGE, SAMAN ABESIRIWARDANA, KRISHAN KARIYAWASAM, ESHAN DASANAYAKA the sunday morning 15 Sunday, January 10, 2021 SPORTS Let’s get trivial: 2020 version b. Dive Chess – Played on a THE CHESS waterproof board with magnetic CORNER pieces buried in the deep end of a by Dulan Edirisinghe swimming pool, the two players take turns diving and making their move. There is no chess clock. You In many ways, 2020 was a can think for as long as you can great year for chess. Online hold breath chess remained immune to the c. Chess Boxing – A hybrid sport coronavirus, and the spectacular where chess and boxing rounds are success of the Netflix miniseries played alternatively and you can “The Queen’s Gambit” win a match either with a knockout introduced millions of new or a checkmate players to the game. It’s also been the perfect year Samay Raina, a 22-year- to sit in front of a computer, old Indian, is credited with browse the worldwide web popularising chess and raising and amass loads of thoroughly Covid relief funds using his useless information. The YouTube channel, which he following questionnaire was started due to the pandemic. arranged for the express purpose What is he? of testing your knowledge of a. A Grandmaster such “chessentrics’’. If you b. The younger brother of Indian get as many as seven right, cricketer Suresh Raina congratulations. If you get c. A politician more than seven right, you may d. A stand-up comedian consult a doctor. On 30 December 2020, 14-year- Questions old Leon Mendonca became At the start of 2020, what India’s 67th Grandmaster. unlikely achievement by the What was unique about his World Champion Magnus achievement? Carlsen made headlines around a. He became the only player the world? in the world to be awarded the a. He became a finalist of Grandmaster title in the year 2020 “Norway’s Got Talent” but failed b. His parents are also to win the event Grandmasters b. He reached the top spot c. After being stranded in Europe in Football “Fantasy Premier and away from his family for nine League”, ahead of seven million months due to the pandemic, he contestants made the best possible use of the c. He won two million kroner by situation, playing tournaments and winning the Norwegian edition of fulfilling title requirements AFTER FOUR DECADES OF ‘YOU HAVE YOUR HEIGHT, I HAVE MY MIGHT’ JAB “Who wants to be a millionaire?” “Titled Tuesday” is a highly BY REVATHA S. SILVA Carlsen started and finished popular weekly online 2020 as the leader of the classical tournament hosted on chess.com. Percy Abeysekera, chess rankings list. Can you In one of the November editions, Sri Lanka’s renowned name the most popular first Daniel Naroditsky was leading cheerleader, is prepared to Percy to honour name among the world’s 100 top- with a brilliant score of 9.5/10 honour legendary former rated players? at the end of the penultimate England and a. Alexander round. Unfortunately, he could TV anchor Tony Greig. b. Peter only finish third after losing his c. David internet connection during the He is ready to wear a t-shirt with d. Vladimir crucial last round game. Why did “In memory of Tony Greig…1946- he lose the connection? 2012. We love you” printed on it. The much-respected English a. He was playing the whole But it is not certain whether the chess columnist Leonard Barden event while travelling on a cross- “one-man cheer squad” from Sri wrote his final article for the country flight, and the connection Lanka will be allowed to enter chess column of the Evening was lost due to turbulence the Galle International Stadium Standard in January 2020. For b. He forgot to pay his internet ‘affable’ how many years did he write this bill on time and the service daily column continuously? provider chose this inopportune a. 23 years moment to disconnect b. 43 years c. He was playing from his c. 63 years phone, and the battery ran out

When the coronavirus started Magnus Carlsen was playing Tony Greig to spread rapidly earlier in the white in the following position year, Grandmaster Anish Giri (Lichess Titled Arena, July ‘20) where the first Test between Sri Sri Lanka was faring really well in I got my might, predicted that “chess is going to when he made a deeply pained Lanka and England will begin on an unofficial Test at P. Sara Oval I can send you up like a kite, be as popular as... ” expression and exclaimed “ugh... Thursday (14). in Colombo. And further, a. Game of Thrones ugh... this got a lot trickier than If not, he might climb up the Skipper Anura Tennekoon and I can take you for a bite, b. Football it had to” after being hit by Ne5- famous Galle Fortress to do his Vice Captain Bandula Warnapura Especially if I am tight, c. The Kardashians f3. Who was playing the black most passionate job, which he has were having an “irritating” over- Please keep in mind that Mr. d. Toilet papers pieces? not been able to live without for 100-run partnership against the bl**** white.” almost six decades – cheering the rousing Englishmen who were The match has ended in a draw, In the popular Netflix series Lankan team. fresh after a good tour of India. according to Percy, in “our” “The Queen’s Gambit”, one of During the days when Tony was Tony was really tough against favour. the main characters remark that supporting – especially during the the Lankans then and never cared When the legendary Greig the Caro-Kann defence is... time Sri Lanka won the World Cup two hoots about disgracing the passed away on 29 December 2012 a. “The most boring opening in 1996 – he has told Percy: “You islanders, calling their spectators, aged 66, he was probably the most ever” are a legend.” including Percy, with appalling loved and respected Englishmen b. “All huff and no puff” remarks such as “black bloody among the Sri Lankans. c. “All pawns and no hope” This was Percy’s reply: b******s” and so on. He stood on behalf of “us” d. “A sublime defence played by “Tony I’m a legend to you now. During that solid stand, there during the hardest of times, ridiculous people” In 77, I was in your leg-end.” was a water break and Percy believing in the “Little Sri Percy with the t-shirt he wants to wear In 1977, when England, under thought to take his revenge: Lankans” and supporting them Which of the following unusual for the England series, saying ‘Tony we the name Marylebone Cricket Club “Hey Tony, against the most wicked of all the chess-related activities has a Carlsen vs. who? love you!’ or MCC, came here under Greig, You have your height, enemies. governing body and a worldwide a. Gary Kasparov, playing from following, with a major a fake account tournament held in London in b. Ranindu Dilshan Liyanage, March 2020? the Sri Lankan National Chess In Brief a. Forklift Chess – Played with Champion giant chess pieces on a mammoth c. Yuzvendra Chahal, the Indian “Vaadaa Macha” part IV still trailing by 242 runs with the board, the players have to use cricketer who used to be a junior next week match in balance and the series too forklift trucks to make their moves chess champion squared at 1-1 with one to go. The third and final part of the four-part series titled “Vaadaa England women to make Answers Macha: Jaffna makes cricketing historic tour of Pakistan 1. B. He finished 11th overall “thing”. Look it up! history” by Ravi Varman will The Heather Knight-led outfit in the end 7. D. His bio says: “After not be published this week. will be the first England women’s 2. A. Messrs Grischuk, miserable attempts at It will be in our next Sunday side to tour Pakistan ever as the Areshchenko, Donchenko, poetry, guitar, chess, table (17 January) publication, in England and Wales Cricket Board Morozevich, and Onischuk tennis, rapping, and forging which Varman will discuss (ECB) and the Pakistan Cricket carried the flag for the mighty documents, Samay finally what measures can be taken to Board (PCB) have agreed on a Alexanders found his passion in stand-up Steve Smith celebrates his comeback-to-form century at SCG on Friday (8) develop cricket in Jaffna after five-match women’s international 3. C. Barden is 91 years old comedy” the boost its cricket gained series in Pakistan in October, which now 8. C. Truth is stranger than Honours even at SCG spectacular 131, in their third Test through the victory of Jaffna will have the England women’s 4. D. Remember the fiction! Riding on Shubman Gill’s in Sydney. Smith snapped a patch Stallions in the recently ended team tour Pakistan for the first time infamous Aussie toilet paper 9. A. Truth is stranger than maiden fifty, India went to stumps of poor form with an imperious (LPL). in history. They are set to play three brawl? fiction! (II) on day two Friday (8) at 96/2 in century, his 27th in , International Cricket Council (ICC) 5. C. Little unfair on Caro- 10. B. Carlsen still won the response to Australia’s 338, which to help Australia tide over a sparked by Ravindra Jadeja, to Women’s Championship ODIs plus Kann perhaps? game though. But kudos to was headlined by Steve Smith’s middle-order collapse, which was post a respectable total. India are two T20Is. 6. C. Chess Boxing is a Ranindu for making him sweat Shehan J. leaves SL Dananjaya cleared Shehan Jayasuriya, who by ICC represented Sri Lanka in both The International Cricket ODIs and T20Is, has informed Council (ICC) on Friday (8) (SLC) on Friday announced that, following (8) that he will no longer be remedial work and available for the selection of re-assessment, the bowling domestic or international action of spinner Akila cricket tournaments with Dananjaya has been found immediate effect. to be legal. He can resume Jayasuriya has taken bowling in international cricket this decision as he now. Dananjaya was banned has decided to from bowling for one year after relocate to the US being reported during a Test with his family match against New Zealand to settle down in Galle, and his suspension there. ended on 29 August 2019. Sunday,sports January 10, 2021 SLC virus situ puts England series in a hitch z Number of cases rose the English team arrived here in Organising Committee officer visited many Sri Lanka from the Hambantota departments of the SLC headquarters on 1 from two to five airport – that it came to light that January to wish their staff for the New Year. two officials attached to SLC had After this officer tested positive last z tested positive. One of them was Sunday, the situation created pandemonium Fear of more testing reportedly a leading member of its as SLC higher-ups promptly closed the positive after a Tour Organising Committee. premises immediately requesting its employees to “work from home” and be “on ‘doomed meeting’ Affecting England tour? call”.

On Monday (4), the England team Three more cases emerge z Did one ‘positive announced its member Moeen Ali had tested It was learnt on Friday (8) that another case’ breach the positive for Covid-19. Interestingly, though, official who is attached to the Cricket he has passed three PCR tests before leaving Operations Department of the SLC tested Hambantota ‘bubble’? England. positive after attending the said meeting. The ongoing situation might have the Later, two of the staffers of his department potential to affect the two-match Test series too tested positive, raising the total number z Was it an ‘SLC slated to begin on Thursday (14) in Galle, of cases to five by Friday. positive’ who infected an SLC source who is in the know of the development said on Friday (8). Quarantining in a hotel Moeen Ali? “There were many more leading board Doomed SLC meeting officials who were present in that meeting. It is also learnt that many leading officials Now all could be in a very uncertain z Top-brass officials of SLC have attended one of its meetings mentality, understandably. await their PCR results before last Sunday (3) at the Maitland Place “Some of them are staying in a leading headquarters in Colombo, pertaining to the Colombo hotel allocated for quarantine. The England Test squad arrived at the Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport last Sunday (3) while staying in a current England series, and that meeting has The PCR tests are done in a leading private leading Colombo hotel now become the “hot spot” where the feared hospital in Colombo. Some of their test bubble here? postponed in March. virus has spread among many at the place. reports are yet to come,” the SLC source It is not known whether the England had to leave another series This doomed meeting has also been added on Friday. aforementioned liaison officer tested midway due to coronavirus fears. That was BY REVATHA S. SILVA attended by one of the leading officials of A liaison officer gone missing? positive or negative because he was not before their ODI series in South Africa last Adding to the list of already two the SLC Tour Organising Committee who contactable even by Friday (8). At the same month when an unexpected breach of the positive cases, the number of Covid- happened to be one of the first two positive It is also learnt that a liaison officer for the time, the PCR tests were also not 100% fool two teams’ bio-secure bubble following 19 infections at Sri Lanka Cricket cases to emerge from the place last Sunday. England tour party has been in attendance proof. Some tests were negative yet the case completion of their T20I series was The other positive case had been a at the said meeting and he had travelled to could have contacted the virus for many experienced. The breach had resulted in a (SLC) unfortunately increased medical doctor attached to the Sports Hambantota alone after that. days. Were the tests in England done on Ali couple of England players testing positive to five as of the end of last week Ministry. The two visited the Galle Cricket He was immediately recalled after the bound by such error? for the virus. and, furthermore, the ongoing Stadium together before last Sunday, situation suddenly erupted in Colombo on If positive cases are to emerge in coronavirus situation at the national reportedly to observe the preparations for Sunday (3). Hambantota bubble breached? Hambantota and/or it becomes clear that cricket headquarters is becoming the forthcoming Test matches there. And Moeen Ali testing positive after last Earlier in March last year, England left “SLC contacts” have breached the bubble more contentious by the day, The Sunday has raised many eyebrows because Sri Lanka midway during their Test series. there resulting in such calamity, the future Sunday Morning Sports learnt. Last Sunday’s pandemonium the player had tested negative before leaving What is beginning on Thursday (14) is of the series might be in some doubt, the It was on Sunday (3) – the very day After returning to Colombo, this Tour England. Was he infected by a breach of the the rearranged two-Test series that was source further added.

THE ‘HOW TO PLAY SERIES’ CONTINUES… An introduction Dinith A major drawback among Pathiraja the young Sri Lankan players is the fact that their tactical ON COURT knowledge and nous are not up to Against consistent players the required standard. The only The first thing that should be done On the other hand, the player tactic that most of the players Today’s discussion centres on is something that shouldn’t be done, himself has to look to get forward have is the fact that they need to how to play against consistent i.e. since the opponent is consistent, on the court and take the ball early, put one more ball over the net. In players. the player should not try to hit shots thereby making sure that the player this multi-part series, it is hoped What are the “normal” (general) that the player is not comfortable denies the opponent time to set up to discuss the tactics which can strengths of a consistent player? hitting and try to go for something and hit at the baseline. With this be used against specific types They can be listed as given below: “extra”, thereby missing the shot. tactic itself, the player should also of players. Whilst the points yy Obviously, they are very This is a very big mistake that most attack the net as a surprise tactic. mentioned here are by no means consistent players make when playing against By changing tactics throughout exhaustive, it is hoped that these consistent opponents. Therefore, the match, the player can always points would form the basis of yy Look to frustrate the opposing this mistake should be avoided and keep the opponent off balance. This foundation for the players to player the player should always try to play is most important as consistent flesh out their own tactics when yy Look to work the ball and have from his comfort zone. This is most opponents generally like to play confronted against such players. longer rallies important. a rhythmic match. By putting the In deciding tactics against yy Next, the player must try to keep opponent off the rhythm, the player any player, the first and most Have a lot of patience up with the opponent and deny will be able to derive an advantage. important thing that needs to What would be the general the opponent the ability to get The other tactic is that when be understood is the fact that weaknesses of a consistent tennis “cheap” points and depending on the player is serving, the player tactics should be devised with player? They can be listed as given the opponent’s weakness, the player should be looking to serve to both the strengths of the player being below: should always look to exploit those sides of the court and then adopt at the forefront of the mind at all The weaknesses of consistent areas to the player’s benefit. Most different tactics from the second ball times. For the purposes of this players are derived from the consistent players like to hit the ball onwards. It is quite important that discussion, it will be assumed playing style as well as the from the back court and to move it the player puts a maximum value on that the player devising the physical attributes of the player. around. They also like to hit more the service game as otherwise, the tactics is proficient in playing all For example, the player might be SL Tennis Nationals 2020, which was postponed from last year due to the pandemic, shots at a certain pace for longer player would start to come under the shots. Also for the purposes consistent but slow, or the player began in Colombo on Saturday (9). The title defender in women’s singles Anjalika periods in the rally. Therefore, the pressure in the match. When this of this article, the player against Kurera skipped the event for her educational commitments might be consistent from the back player has to look to mix up the pace happens, the player will then start whom the tactics are being PHOTO KAMAL WANNIARACHCHI court but doesn’t like to come to of the rally by using the drop shot as to look for something “extra”. That devised against will be referred the net. Therefore, in this instance, With the above in mind, the are maximised and given priority well as changing the pace by hitting could lead to the player’s downfall. to as the “opponent”. it is important that the consistent tactics need to be devised against to when coming up with the tactics. “junk” balls. The player should also When playing any match against players’ specific characteristics this opponent. As always when From here onwards, the consistent try to bring the opponent and deny a consistent opponent, the win has such a match would always give are understood and adjusted devising the tactics, it is important player will be referred to as the him the opportunity to stay near the always got to be earned by the the player more satisfaction and accordingly. to understand that your strengths “opponent”. base line and hit more shots. player. But then again, winning confidence.

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ADVOCATA INSTITUTE SUBMITS CONSTITUTIONAL PROPOSALS »SEE PAGE 3 Sunday,business January 10, 2021 New Act to replace IRD target lowered the Yahapalana to 2016 levels z Only 86% of 2020 target achieved Central Bank Act After failing to achieve even BY MADHUSHA THAVAPALAKUMAR the lowered tax revenue target for the year 2020, the Inland Revenue The new Central Bank Bill, Department (IRD) has been given a proposed and drafted by tax revenue target which is closer to the previous Government the tax collected by the IRD about amidst wide objection from five years ago, The Sunday Morning the then Opposition party, is Business learns. expected to be implemented The tax revenue target given to the IRD is Rs. 685.5 billion, inclusive by the current Government of a Rs. 110 million target given to after making a number of key Sri Lanka Customs to collect import changes to the Bill, The Sunday value-added tax (VAT) on behalf of Morning Business exclusively the IRD, which means the tax revenue learns. that should be achieved by the IRD is about Rs. 575.5 billion for the year The Bill was proposed in 2019 to 2021, according to IRD Commissioner replace the 70-year-old Monetary Law General H.M.W.C. Bandara. Act and strengthen the independence of Meanwhile, the revenue collected the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL). by the IRD in 2016 amounted to Rs. Speaking to The Sunday Morning 641 billion inclusive of import VAT Business, Central Bank Governor Prof. raised by Sri Lanka Customs. W.D. Lakshman stated that revisions Even though this year’s target is need to be made in the previously higher than the previous year, this drafted Bill and in order to decide Central Bank Governor Treasury Secretary S.R. Attygalle is the second consecutive year the on these revisions, the Central Bank Prof. W.D. Lakshman Government bucked the annual trend will have both internal and external in the new Bill. However, as exclusively at the time in the committee, opposed of gradually increasing the tax revenue discussions with other banks and relevant reported by The Sunday Morning the move. targets given to the IRD. government authorities. Business in November 2019, the Bill JVP parliamentarian and then Last year, the Government set “An implementation date of this is aimed at increasing the independence Committee on Public Enterprises a target of Rs. 613 billion for the Inland Revenue Department new Act is entirely dependent on the of the Central Bank through a number of (COPE) Chairman , IRD, close to that of 2016’s total changes,” Prof. Lakshman stated. measures, to which several politicians a former member of COPF, said that revenue collection. This reduction the targets given for the years 2017 quarters of 2019. Meanwhile, Treasury Secretary S.R. expressed their opposition. Rathnayake and the JVP as a whole in the target was due to the various and 2018 were Rs. 651 billion and Rs. The reduction of the 2020 target Attygalle told us that this new Bill vehemently oppose this proposal. tax relief measures provided by the 792 billion, respectively. In 2019, the was due to the various tax relief will not be the same Bill the previous Oppositions from politicians “The Treasury Secretary being a Government in their initial months revenue target given to the IRD was measures provided by the new Government introduced, adding that As reported by The Sunday Morning member of the Monetary Board has to stimulate consumer spending and Rs. 799 billion. The IRD had managed Government soon after they were new policies will be incorporated into Business on 15 September 2019, the never been an issue to the Central Bank. economic growth. to get much closer to the target by elected to power in the November the new Bill. Committee on Public Finance (COPF), Therefore, we prefer if the current system However, Bandara told The Sunday achieving Rs. 785 billion last year. 2019 Presidential Election. The most “Still, there have been no discussions which was reviewing the new Bill, continues,” he said. Morning Business that out of this figure, But it fell short of Rs. 14 billion. notable one amongst these was the on this matter. The Central Bank has to was sharply divided on the proposal to Handunnetti further noted at the time only Rs. 495 billion was supposed to In November last year, then IRD reduction of the value-added tax come up with the changes they think remove the Treasury Secretary from the that the Treasury acts as a bridge between be raised by the IRD in 2020 and even Commissioner General Nadun (VAT) from 15% to 8% with effect have to be made in the Bill. After that, Monetary Board of CBSL. the Government and the CBSL, which, out of that, only 86% of the target was Guruge told The Sunday Morning from 1 December 2019. In addition we will discuss those changes, and if it It was understood that then if removed, would pose challenges to met by the end of the year. Business that while the target set to this, the nation building tax (NBT) is practical, we will make those changes parliamentarians and CBSL’s authority in managing the The IRD recorded revenue of Rs. for the year was Rs. 613 billion, by of 2.2% was also removed with effect in the Bill,” Attygalle stated. Dr. Bandula Gunawardena, representing Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) and 836 billion in 2017, while in 2018, 30 September, only about Rs. 327 from 1 December 2019, including for Neither Prof. Lakshman nor Attygalle the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) engaging in debt management. it managed to collect over Rs. 900 billion was raised compared to Rs. financial service businesses. disclosed the changes that would be made and the “Joint Opposition”, respectively, Contd. on page 2 billion. According to several reports, 597 billion raised in the first three Contd. on page 2 Oil price revision PayPal setting up in Sri Lanka: is only when global An unreachable fruit? z No real progress for six years z Cabraal suggests PayPal alternatives Regardless of over six years Agency (ICTA) Chairman prices go down of “discussions”, the Sri Lankan Jayantha de Silva told us last week Government has not made any real that there has been no progress BY MADHUSHA THAVAPALAKUMAR progress in getting PayPal set up in these discussions in the recent inward remittances in Sri Lanka, past. Local oil prices which have not gone The Sunday Morning Business We learnt that the discussions through any price revisions since September learns. are being conducted by the Central 2019 are expected to be revised this year Sri Lanka began negotiations Bank with the PayPal office when the global oil prices decline to a with US-based PayPal to become in India via PayPal’s regional certain extent, marking the first fuel price its domestic partner bank for headquarters in Singapore, but revision of the current Government. inward remittances in 2014, when India is yet to confirm an all- Minister of Energy current State Minister of Money important visit to the island to told The Sunday Morning Business that the and Capital Market and State meet the relevant officials. revision of local fuel prices will be made Enterprise Reforms Ajith Nivard Recently, Cabraal tweeted: “I under a fuel price formula accompanied Cabraal was the Governor of the am happy to hear from the Central by a fuel price stabilisation fund. Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL). Bank of Sri Lanka’s Payment “The concept for a fuel price stabilisation When asked about the current Settle Department that PayHere fund and the fuel price formula has been status of the Government’s Payments, DirectPay, WEBXPAY, formulated. We are waiting for the global discussions with PayPal, Central Xoom, Skrill, Payoneer, Earthport oil prices to decline to implement the fund Bank Governor Prof. W.D. and Genie (Dialog) are suitable and the formula,” stated Gammanpila. Lakshman told The Sunday whole process of getting PayPal shown expression of interest, alternatives to PayPal.” The According to the Minister, the wait for Morning Business that progress into Sri Lanka. However, he stated which indicates positive results. tweet further added: “Sri Lankan global oil prices to go down comes amidst on discussions is not open for the that so far there has not been a Meanwhile, Information and entrepreneurs, please take note.” the Treasury’s cash-tight position to pump Minister of Energy Udaya Gammanpila public as it would “jeopardize” the positive output, but PayPal has Communication Technology Contd. on page 2 money into the stabilisation fund to absorb consensus among analysts and agencies the financial burden of the consumers if the is that oil prices will indeed see an upside fund and the formula are to be implemented in 2021 as above-average inventories will at a time global oil prices are high. draw down with a global economic and oil Import restrictions make it to 2021 “If we do not wait for the global oil demand recovery. prices to go down to implement this, our In December last year, when the fund BY UWIN LUGODA Morning Business, Dias media that import restrictions are several import categories recorded Treasury should be able to pump money and the formula were in the making, expressed his dismay on the a temporary measure to avoid a a growth during the first three into the fund in the initial stages, but it is Gammanpila told us that unlike the previous The import restrictions on ongoing import restrictions that possible foreign exchange crisis quarters of 2020, compared to impossible for them to pump money at the Government’s monthly fuel pricing formula, nonessential items that were were introduced during the first in the country and that restrictions the same period last year, and moment,” he added. which revised fuel prices on the 10th of expected to be lifted or see some lockdown in March 2020, which would be eased phase by phase this includes dairy products, As of last Thursday (7), crude oil prices every month, the new fuel price stabilisation relaxation in 2021, still remain followed the initial outbreak when sufficient foreign exchange vegetables, and sugar and were soaring after Saudi Arabia announced formula would revise local oil prices only the same, according to Ceylon of the Covid-19 pandemic. In flows into the country. confectionery products. These a surprise output cut at the Organisation of once a year, making the formula more Chamber of Commerce (CCC) September 2020, State Minister Cabraal added that the gradual sectors’ import expenses grew the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) efficient. Import Section Chairman Delano of Money and Capital Market easing of restrictions will be by 12.5%, 26.4%, and 40.6%, meeting last Tuesday (5). The general Contd. on page 2 Dias. and State Enterprise Reforms done in a manner that would not respectively. Speaking to The Sunday told local hurt local industries. Pre-Covid, Contd. on page 2 2 the sunday morning business NEWS Sunday, January 10, 2021

BY UWIN LUGODA Working from home, schooling from home, social distancing, new workplace norms, new consumerism rules, and mask mandates; HR’s outlook for 2021 Covid-19 has forever left Resource Management (SLJHRM), at an office and having a physical and achieved collectively through management system to its mark on the way we live titled “The Coronavirus and The presence was a must in most Sri cross-generational teams. performance enablement where and work. This is especially Employees: A Study from the Point Lankan offices prior to Covid-19, “Finally, one of the more obvious people will be assessed on their the case when it comes to of Human Resource Management”, the pandemic has since completely HR challenges we faced is the contribution towards “work that released on 30 June 2020, spoke disrupted that. This has paved health and safety of employees, matters most”; and quick monthly dealing with the human on the impact of the virus on the that way for virtual or remote which required corporations to conversations replacing bi-annual resource (HR) segment in employees. The study suggested arrangements, which has helped focus more on employee wellbeing, lengthy form-filling exercises. the corporate world, as 2020 a primary focus being placed on businesses adapt to the changing which has become compulsory. Amarasinghe also stated that upended the priorities of the employees and their safety, times. The physiological well being there will be a bigger focus on most HR leaders. to ensure that the organisation Thirdly, Amarasinghe stated of the employee is also critical hybrid office structures, increasing operates smoothly. there were more advancements for the organisations to drive risk of detachment in employee Globally, HR leaders were However, a lot has changed in in technology in the HR sector, performance.” engagement, job-based to skill- thrown into the deep end of the last six months, as Sri Lanka with even inclusions of artificial based employment, and reduction their industry, having to quickly faced its second wave in October intelligence (AI). He stated that HR in 2021 in generational differences. navigate everything from remote 2020. To better understand what this was coupled with real-time Amarasinghe stated that the Speaking on international work culture to legal concerns 2021 holds for the HR sector, we employee feedback, which paved biggest challenge in people trends, he stated that there will be about salary cuts and layoffs. spoke with Chartered Institute the way for immediate appreciation management in 2021 will be to a worldwide focus on managing While the corporate world was of Personnel Management Sri given to an employee for their bring in policies, procedures, organisations, mainly with their slowly adopting trends such as Lanka (CIPM) President Jayantha contribution, instead of waiting for regulations, changes in labour law, local workforce, and opportunities remote working, the ongoing Amarasinghe, a HR thought leader long periods of time. Technology corporate value chain, and training for expatriates will be minimal. Covid-19 pandemic accelerated with nearly 30 years of leadership could also be seen playing a major and development to accommodate Globally, people who have been its adoption, leaving no room for experience. role in training, with the employees the changes adopted in 2020’s employees in foreign countries HR professionals to experiment “The world of work had learning and developing via virtual new working environment for are returning back to their home with the new policies they were to go through unprecedented platforms. sustainable business continuity. He country as a result of losing jobs, implementing. challenges in 2020 in terms of “We also got to see employees stated that in this process, leaders which will have an additional This has led international managing the human capital, work under tremendous pressure, in all the levels of HR and HR burden on talent management HR leaders as to what which to date, continue to bring CIPM President Jayantha as the lockdown required them to practitioners need to play a vital locally. trends will be adopted by the a level of uncertainty we have urgently deliver work, services, role in preparing the ground for Furthermore, Amarasinghe stated corporate world in the current never experienced before,” said outbreak. He stated that due to this, or production under a lot of reality. that the labour market will be year, 2021. However, research Amarasinghe when speaking on the next generation of employees pressure to cater to their respective “There may be situations in the flooded with additional workforce. done by multiple international the changes to the HR sector seen will demand to work on flexible demands.” event the Covid-19 pandemic is not He explained that there will be bodies such as Gartner, a global in 2020. work schedules, focusing on Furthermore, he stated that 2020 addressed completely in the world, global challenges in employee research and advisory firm that He stated that in this context, delivering results or the desired also made these employees change where managing institutions in the frustrations and in managing the provides information, advice, organisations internationally objectives without any limitations their conventional work lives in private and public sectors with the psychology/expectations of the and tools for leaders in HR, have have been compelled to adopt for routine work. order to adjust to the new norm. full strength of the employees will workforce. agreed on several key predictions. new working cultures in order to “The majority of them are He explained that the pandemic not be viable. Hence, organisations “While managing social and These include trends that put manage uninterrupted workflow concerned about delivering results also showcased the importance may resort to downsizing, layoffs, financial commitments, leaders in more emphasis on employee and output, with respect to each without working during regular of employee loyalty to a given closing down unproductive plants/ organisations need to essentially mental health, reliance on data- organisation. These new work working hours. This will not organisation and customers; as branches.” understand and work towards driven insights, and overcoming norms had to account for ways to disrupt the company’s discipline, many employees risked their Moreover, he stated that bringing the required trust and the challenges of a more fluid manage a company’s employees and instead is a simple demand by lives to deliver on their workload, workforce planning with different attachment with employees in workforce to name a few. while still ensuring their wellbeing. the employee that will allow them despite financial benefits. This has options may be considered managing this crisis. We will see Similar to the international HR Amarasinghe stated that the to complete a given task in their fostered a better culture of trust such as full-time employees, a revolution which will take place sector, the Covid-19 pandemic main change in 2020 for the prefered way.” between the employees and the part-time employees, contract in areas such as hiring remote also impacted Sri Lanka’s HR sector was in the flexible working The second trend he pointed organisations, than before. employees, etc. There will also workers, popularity of wellness sector and disrupted organisations arrangements, such as remote out was the increase in virtual Amarasinghe stated that other be multi-skilling and re-skilling apps, increased migration to the irrespective of size or strategic working/working from home, workplaces, which has already challenges of bringing revenue and and digitalisation while moving cloud, rise of intelligent self- value. A research done by the which many corporations were been adopted by most corporations. delivering services were also seen towards a gig economy; changing service tools, and a new breed of Sri Lankan Journal of Human forced to adopt during the initial He explained that while working to be shared between employees the traditional performance corporate learning tools.”

Contd. from page 1

“The Governing Board shall consist of the concessions in November 2019, Moody’s New... Secretary to the Treasury; Governor of the Investors Service stated that these tax reduced, but these returned to its previous levels PayPal Holdings, Inc. is an American company Commenting on the independence the Central Bank, who shall be the Chairperson of concessions are “credit negative”, implying in a few weeks. operating a worldwide online payments system CBSL would be gaining under this new Bill, the Governing Board; and three members who that it would lead to a downgrading of the – Madhusha Thavapalakumar that supports online money transfers and serves Handunnetti noted that there is no point in shall have expertise in economics, banking, country’s present rating of B1/Stable, unless as an electronic alternative to traditional paper the CBSL being independent when all other finance, accounting and auditing, law, and risk it is managed properly. In October this year, methods. Located in San Jose, California, PayPal institutions in the country are not dysfunctional. management,” the Bill further noted. Moody’s downgraded Sri Lanka’s ratings to PayPal... was founded in 1998. Speaking to The Sunday Morning Business The second main change is that the CBSL “Caa”. Fitch Ratings also warned that the stimulus The tweet raised questions over whether Sri PayPal is the global leader in online payment at that point, Dr. Gunawardena also expressed would not be allowed to participate in primary package would derail the budget disciplining Lanka’s attempts to get PayPal set up here in the solutions with more than 267 million accounts grave concerns about this proposal. auctions as the Bill would disable money printing exercise started by the previous Government country has been abandoned. All our attempts worldwide and available in 202 countries and “There is no need to appoint a person from by the CBSL. and revised Sri Lanka’s outlook to “Negative”. to reach Cabraal for his comment proved futile. 25 currencies around the world. Sri Lankans the private sector to the Monetary Board. Just “This would prevent the Central Bank from Releasing a statement to the media on 19 However, neither Prof. Lakshman nor de Silva have been using PayPal for outward remittances, because the International Monetary Fund (IMF) participating in primary auctions that take out December 2019 following the Fitch rating, the confirmed that the attempts were abandoned. but receiving inward remittances has long wants changes in the Monetary Board, we cannot high-powered money in the most inflationary Ministry of Finance noted that Fitch’s analysis In August 2020, CNSL Director of Payments been a struggle for ecommerce businesses, agree,” he said. form of financing off the budget. It leads Balance is lacking the impact of offsetting measures and Settlements Department D. Kumaratunge told graphic designers, web developers, and ICT Meanwhile, Dr. Gunawardena noted that of Payment pressure, inflation pressure, and that the Government is undertaking to meet any The Sunday Morning Business that the regional professionals. CBSL’s excessive independence under this asset bubbles. It is really not a good thing and revenue loss, and lacking due recognition of PayPal officials are in the process of assessing Bill should not be taken seriously as none of by law, the Central Bank will be able to do away the favourable macroeconomic impact that tax opportunities in Sri Lanka to grant the PayPal the “independent” institutions in Sri Lanka are with that,” then CBSL Governor Dr. Indrajith concessions would deliver over the medium term. money receiving facility. Import... actually independent. Coomaraswamy noted. – Madhusha Thavapalakumar “The Central Bank is continuing communication The initial restriction on nonessential imports “For example, take the Election Commission In early November 2019, the Governor stated with regional PayPal officials to obtain the PayPal later expanded to all imports excluding fuel and (EC). Even though it is recognised as an that money printing was the most destructive facility to Sri Lanka,” Kumaratunge stated. pharmaceutical products, and subsequently, independent institution, it is not independent action any central bank could take, and the Oil... In 2014, negotiations between the parties raw material required for export purposes and at all. In fact, it has got into a mess now,” he CBSL had done that consistently. In terms of the fuel price stabilisation fund, began and the Central Bank pledged PayPal to construction materials too were exempted. noted at the time. Speaking further, he suggested According to the Governor, the implementation this is the first time a fund of this nature is going ease restrictions to allow inward payments. The Nevertheless, certain food and beverage category changes to the Bill and the review be done by a of the new Act and disabling money printing to be established in Sri Lanka. A petroleum Government that was elected in January 2015 products were allowed to be imported during panel of experienced local economists. will not leave the Treasury without any support stabilisation fund was established by the Treasury neither made any progress in getting PayPal nor that time. Meanwhile, former President Maithripala as the Active Liability Management Act would in March by imposing an additional tax on the publicly discussed the payment platform up until Following this, on 15 April, the Government Sirisena too at the time had raised concerns over provide ample backing for the Treasury. Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC) and Lanka early 2016. In March 2016, the Government announced import restrictions on items such as the proposed changes in the Act, according to He added that even if the CBSL stops printing Indian Oil Corporation (Lanka IOC) as they announced plans to get “Stripe”, a new start-up rice, flour, sugar, liquor, and apparel products, sources. Sirisena also opposed some changes money under this new Act, the Government got to sell fuel prices at September 2019 levels, reportedly similar to PayPal. extending restrictions to 15 July, which was once including the ending of money printing and the could borrow over and above any cash flow despite global oil prices falling to negative levels The same month, then Minister of again extended until further notice. However, independence CBSL would gain under the Act. requirement to build up buffers, and the money in the face of the pandemic. Even though the Telecommunications and Digital Infrastructure apparel imports are now permitted with a high would be maintained in separate ring-fenced fund is termed “petroleum stabilisation fund”, stated that Sri Lanka will gain cess per kilogramme. Key changes proposed in new Act accounts, purely for liability management both the purpose of the fund is completely different. inward access to PayPal from 2017 onwards as In November 2020, Minister of Trade Dr. The new Central Bank Act was said to carry in rupees and foreign exchange. According to Gammanpila, the fund the the Government managed to “convince” PayPal. Bandula Gunawardana told The Sunday Morning three main changes. The first is that CBSL’s The third change was the addition of economic Treasury established aimed to settle the Ceylon But PayPal did not enter the country in 2017 and Business that the Budget 2021, which came out existing Monetary Board which oversees the growth to the list of objectives of the CBSL. Electricity Board’s (CEB) debt to the CPC, and no reasons were provided for this. on 17 November 2020, will specify whether the institution’s activities will be bifurcated or Currently, CBSL’s two primary objectives are the CPC’s outstanding payments to state-owned In March 2018, Sri Lanka was developing a import restrictions would continue into 2021. broken up into two separate boards, namely economic and price stability, and financial system banks, People’s Bank and Bank of Ceylon. National Financial Inclusion Strategy (NFIS) to However, the Budget was more in favour of the “Monetary Board” and a new “Governing stability. However, under the amended draft bill, “When the reference price is Rs. 100 and it facilitate online payment gateways and digital supporting domestic production than imports, Board”. The Governing Board will be responsible the CBSL would also have to ensure its monetary comes down to Rs. 80, we will equally divide financial services. In October the same year, the and hence the restrictions have spilt over to 2021. for all CBSL’s activities excluding monetary policy is geared towards gross domestic product between the customer and the fund. Later, we’ll Government said that it was changing laws so More recently, Central Bank Governor Prof. policy decisions. (GDP) growth, which goes beyond economic divide one-third to the fund and two-thirds to that tech industry workers can receive payments W.D. Lakshman further emphasised to the media “A Governing Board of the Central Bank stability. the customer. So when there is a price increase, from PayPal by 2020. Talks about getting PayPal that Sri Lanka’s import controls on so-called will be established. It will be charged with the However, Dr. Coomaraswamy was of the we’ll see whether we have enough funds and if came to the forefront once again recently, ahead “nonessential” goods are essential in order to responsibility of overseeing the administration view that if implemented, the new Central we do, we will pay it from the fund,” he added of the election. stop foreign exchange “leakages”. and management of the affairs of the Central Bank Act would be highly beneficial both while explaining the fund’s concept. Nevertheless, after years of attempts, PayPal Despite this, Dias stated that local importers Bank and the determination of the general policy for the CBSL and the country. He noted The current Government that was elected in is yet to even inform their requirement to come associations have been continuously lobbying of the Central Bank, apart from the monetary that the CBSL was able to raise $ 2 billion November 2019 abandoned the fuel pricing into Sri Lanka, according to Kumaratunge. It for the removal of the current restrictions as it policy,” the Bill states. since the Easter Sunday incident and $ 2.4 formula which was introduced by the previous has also been reported that the Indian PayPal has paralysed certain sectors of the industry. Accordingly, the Monetary Board will be billion three months after the political crisis Government. In fact, the current Government is officials were unresponsive to attempts made “Even if we take food as an example, most solely responsible for CBSL’s monetary policy in 2018 through the issuance of sovereign yet to announce its first fuel price revision. The by the Central Bank to revive talks on getting of the restrictions still stand. Even though the formulation and implementation of the flexible bonds, mainly due to assurance given to the local oil prices were last revised in September PayPal into Sri Lanka. Therefore, the Central Government says that it is eased, the Import exchange rate regime in line with the flexible investors that t he Monetary Law Act was in 2019, under the monthly fuel pricing formula. Bank had to contact the regional headquarters Control Department wants several no objection inflation targeting framework. Neither the the pipeline. Under this formula alone, fuel prices were in Singapore, through which the Central Bank letters brought in from several departments, Treasury Secretary nor any member of the revised about 19 times based on both scientific was able to reach the Indian officials. After this, which is almost impossible to do.” Government would be members of the Monetary IRD... and political reasons. Indian officials had expressed their intention to He stated that he does not think the Government Board. Oil prices hit negative levels when the visit Sri Lanka. looked at the total impact import restrictions “The Monetary Board shall consist of the The threshold for registration of VAT purposes pandemic spread outside of China in the first In 2017, the Central Bank stated that PayPal would have on the country, and that it has not Governor of the Central Bank, who shall be the was increased from Rs. 12 million per annum half of last year. Nevertheless, the Sri Lankan has been hesitant over the years as there will be been objectively looked at. He explained that Chairperson of the Monetary Board, the deputy to Rs. 300 million per annum with effect from Government maintained fuel prices without low transaction volumes and certainly not because they should lift it completely and provide the governors of the Central Bank, and four experts 1 January 2020 in order to provide immediate reducing them to reflect the change in the global of regulatory limitations. Nevertheless, the ICTA local importers some sort of licence or permit in economics or finance,” the Bill stated. relief, particularly for small and medium-sized oil market, but pledged it would pass down a few years ago stated that PayPal is reluctant to import, so that the Government could have However, the Treasury Secretary can still be businesses in all sectors of the economy. the benefits in the form of reduced grocery to venture into Sri Lanka due to complexities in a better understanding on the country’s import a member of the Governing Board. Following the announcement of these tax prices. As pledged, the prices of groceries were Sri Lanka’s “draconian” Exchange Control Act. expenditure. the sunday morning business 3 Sunday, January 10, 2021 RECOMMENDATION Advocata Institute submits constitutional proposals z Recommends series of inclusions to Drafting Committee

The Advocata Institute has be constitutionally mandated to be from submitted a series of proposals for among the Opposition in Parliament. consideration to the committee drafting the new Constitution. 5. Strengthening the independence of As an independent public policy the Central Bank and reducing its think tank advocating for the agency functions implementation of sound public Appointments to the Monetary Board policy ideas, the institute considers The Central Bank of Sri Lanka has not itself responsible to advocate been able to achieve its key objective of economic and price stability over long for constitutional provisions periods mainly due to two reasons. that protect economic freedoms. First, large fiscal deficits incurred by The constitutional protection of the government have been monetised these freedoms, Advocata stated, consistently through Central Bank is fundamental to a democratic financing due to provisions in the society, and more importantly, an Monetary Law Act (MLA), which allows effective and efficient economy. the Central Bank to subscribe directly to primary auctions in raising funds for the There are at least two important reasons government. Such monetisation of fiscal why constitution drafters must consider the deficits has a direct conflict with the economic implications of a constitution. implementation of monetary policy, which The first is that the constitution of a is the prime responsibility of the Central country constitutes the economy as Bank. Such a phenomenon is called fiscal much as it constitutes the polity, and as dominance of monetary policy. such, a constitution can have both good This conflict can be addressed through and bad consequences for a society’s amending certain provisions of the economic growth and development. The MLA. Introduction of fiscal rules into second is that modern constitutions often the Constitution could also minimise provide the fundamental framework, fiscal dominance. Another channel of supplemented by subordinate laws, for fiscal dominance often comes through the good economic governance as part of the appointment and removal of members to Constitution’s role in ensuring transparent the Monetary Board by the Minister of and accountable government. Finance when differences emerge between This second dimension of a The normal and proper role of the Minister non-partisan information and technical Department who have held office as the fiscal and monetary authorities, constitution’s role in economic governance of Finance is to play “bad cop” in the face analysis that is necessary for these bodies Deputy AG or above; particularly in relation to setting interest can, in turn, be expressed in the form of of those pressures – to allow the Head to exercise their oversight responsibilities b) A retired judge of the Supreme Court, rates. Members of the Monetary Board two key objectives: (a) the minimisation of Government to explain to political effectively. Court of Appeal, or the High Court of Sri should be able to make decisions in setting of agency costs; and (b) the maximisation supporters that they would like to accede In several countries, an independent Lanka; and interest rates without undue influence from of effective management of externalities, to their requests, but the Minister of budget office has been set up through the c) A retired Class 1 officer of the Sri fiscal authorities. both positive and negative. Finance will not agree. constitution to fill this gap by providing Lanka Administrative Service. While amending certain provisions information, simplifying complexity, It is Advocata’s view that a retired of the MLA can address this conflict, Recommended reforms to 2. Include fiscal rules in the Constitution promoting transparency, enhancing partner of an established audit firm it would be desirable to recognise the be enshrined in the new The persistently high fiscal deficits credibility, and promoting accountability in Sri Lanka should be appointed to independence of the Central Bank in the constitution successive governments have maintained through its work. the Commission so that they could Constitution, at least regarding the 1. Full-time Minister of Finance since Independence have been the major This office will also have an independent bring to bear knowledge of these new process of appointing the Governor and For 23 of the last 30 years, the source of Sri Lanka’s macroeconomic research unit with the following core developments in the field of auditing on members of the Monetary Board, through Head of Government in Sri Lanka has instability. Such high fiscal deficits have functions: a) Creating economic forecasts the deliberations of the Commission. The a process like appointing key members of simultaneously held the title of Minister of led to very high levels of public debt and baseline estimates; said Commission should annually assess the judiciary and AG. This is important Finance. and large current account deficits in the b) Analysing the Executive’s budget the performance of the AG’s Department to enable the Central Bank to have the A government can only govern if it Balance of Payments, resulting in the proposals; in the effective discharge of their function, capacity to formulate an independent maintains control of public finance. value of the Sri Lankan rupee depreciating c) Developing medium and long-term to close the loop on the accountability monetary policy, which promotes sound Maintaining a balance between steadily. analysis; mechanism. fiscal/monetary co-ordination that government income and expenditure is Usually, the fiscal deficits and higher d) Analysing policy proposals, supports price stability, rather than having yy Professional qualification of the Auditor one major dimension of control of public levels of debt coincide with election regulation, tax proposals, and economic an arrangement that facilitates fiscal General finance. This is intrinsically challenging, cycles. Successive governments have spent analysis; and dominance. because it is much easier to spend money public resources very heavily towards e) Preparing policy briefs. Traditionally, the AG has been a fully yy Autonomous debt management agency – and also to spend money badly – than elections by making promises on subsidies This office will operate in a nonpartisan qualified chartered accountant, keeping it is to raise money. Invariably, there are and handouts out of nonexisting resources manner, and will be required to provide in mind the important role he plays in Another source of fiscal dominance multiple powerful supporters with ideas on aimed at winning elections. the same information to both the majority expressing opinions on the truth and of monetary policy arises from the new spending. But powerful support for The Fiscal Management Responsibility and minority parties. It will avoid making fairness of the financial statements of responsibility for managing public raising revenue is rare. Act (FMRA) was introduced in early 2000, recommendations, and will principally entities where public money is involved. debt by the Central Bank as an agency A major role for the Minister of Finance to counter this vicious cycle. Provisions in be required to serve committees and With the increasing complexity of function. This has a direct conflict with is to advance the case for both, finding the FMRA were expected to bring in more subcommittees. Its office should ideally be auditing and accounting standards in use monetary policy when the Central Bank appropriate new revenue sources and transparency and accountability of fiscal located separately from the legislature. today, it is imperative that the position is required to adopt a tightening stance at scrutinising the effectiveness of public affairs, together with binding medium- of Auditor General of the country be the same time, as it is also required to raise spending. These tasks are rarely popular. term fiscal and debt targets. 4. Auditing and accountability function constitutionally or similarly prescribed financing for the Government as cheaply In most countries, it is for this reason However, in the event of deviation from Composition of the Audit Services for such holder of office to be a fully as possible. This also can be addressed that Ministers of Finance are powerful announced fiscal targets, there were no Commission qualified chartered accountant, so that by amending the MLA and other related members of the ruling party or coalition, strong provisions in the FMRA to compel The Audit Services Commission, which he can effectively discharge the duties legislations to remove this agency function most of the time. They are unable the existing Government to bring fiscal was set up under the 19th Amendment to constitutionally thrust upon him. from the Central Bank. otherwise to execute their job effectively. consolidation back to the announced path. the Constitution, was created to provide Furthermore, the current management of Public finances will typically be badly Therefore, the prescribed medium-term independence to the functioning of the Need for professional staff to public debt is dispersed between the Public managed if they are weak, or if the job is targets continued to be postponed through Auditor General (AG). The AG was vested support the work of COPE and Debt Department of the Central Bank that effectively delegated to someone lacking use of a simple majority vote in the with the power to audit all Government COPA manages debt securities (they represent ministerial status. However, while they are Parliament by the ruling party. entities, as well as companies where the Reports issued by the AG are generally 67% of total central government debt), and normally powerful members of the ruling This made the fiscal targets announced Government held over 50% stake in the placed before the COPE and COPA, where two departments of the Treasury; namely party or coalition, Ministers of finance are under the FMRA highly ineffective. Even shareholding. the performance of the public enterprises the Department of External Resources, very rarely also the head of government introducing stronger fiscal rules under It was felt that giving that level of and government agencies are subject which overlooks foreign loans, and the (e.g. prime minister, executive president). the FMRA will be ineffective, as such independence to the AG would ensure a to scrutiny using the AG’s report as the Department of Treasury Operations. Experience shows that combining the provisions are highly likely to be amended free and unbiased view when expressing basis. However, although some useful Such a fragmented arrangement does two roles is usually a big mistake: In by the ruling party through a simple an opinion on the financial performance of discussions do take place therein, there is not lend itself to high performance, for those circumstances, the responsibilities majority in Parliament. the entities audited by him. no mechanism or structure to follow up on there is no focus and an absence of cross- of the Minister of Finance are typically Therefore, it is necessary to introduce However, the function of auditing the issues raised. functional teams (e.g. commercial lawyers, performed poorly. There are three reasons strong fiscal rules with some flexibility has evolved over time, with significant As a result, due to the lack of effective capital market professionals, accountants, for this. to deviate from the announced targets emphasis on a risk-based approach, follow up on the said issues, the concept economists, etc.), strong leadership, and One is that the job of the Head of only under exceptional/unforeseen coupled with the use of data analytics of accountability suffers. It is therefore governance to achieve the mission. The Government is already very demanding; circumstances, such as the pandemic, in and computer-assisted tools, in making imperative that an effective mechanism country’s debt is forecasted to exceed it is almost impossible for any one person the new Constitution. This would ensure assessments on the truth and fairness of be set up and staffed with qualified 100% of GDP by the end of 2020, hence to combine that with being an effective that any deviation from the targets in the the assertions in the financial statements professionals, who can support the COPE managing this liability is quite literally the Minister of Finance. The tasks associated FMRA would only be possible if approved under review. and COPA to discharge the responsibilities elephant in the room. with being Head of Government almost by a two-thirds majority in Parliament. Currently, apart from the financial vested in them. However, given historical experiences always gain priority. statement audit, the AG undertakes a and several controversial issues that yy Chair of COPE and COPA The second is that a Head of 3. Need for an independent budget office Value for Money (VFM) review of the have arisen in public debt management, Government who is also Minister of There is clear provision in the expenditure incurred by these institutions. COPE and COPA are bodies set simply removing this function from the Finance can more easily overrule the Constitution for parliamentary oversight of While VFM reviews remain relevant even up within the legislature to ensure Central Bank and assigning it to the Central Bank, allowing short-term fiscal public finance. today, the techniques used by the AG’s accountability in the use of public funds. Treasury instead, could make things priorities to drive monetary policy. The institutional architecture has also Department in undertaking such reviews As the utilisation of public funds is often worse. The best practice globally is to Further, the Governor of the Central Bank been established to enable the legislature have not kept pace with the developments determined by the government in power at set up an autonomous debt management is conflicted between fulfilling the core to exercise its oversight responsibilities in the area of risk-based assessments, and a point in time, the standing orders provide agency as a strong institution with proper objectives of the bank and their allegiance through the Committee on Public Accounts the use of data analytics and IT-based for the chairmanship of both committees to governance and accountability directly to to the President, who is the appointing (COPA), the Committee on Public Finance audit software and tools to arrive at audit be from the Opposition in Parliament. the Parliament and public. authority and also the Finance Minister. (COPF), and the Committee on Public conclusions. However, these standing orders have Therefore, it is recommended that The third is that resisting political Enterprises (COPE). Presently the composition of the Audit occasionally been observed in the provisions are incorporated in the new spending pressures is generally particularly However, there is no arrangement to Service Commission comprises the breach, weakening the accountability Constitution for the creation of a well- hard for the Head of Government, who is provide Parliament and its committees following: mechanism therein. It is suggested that the resourced agency with the appropriate the leader of the ruling party or coalition. with access to the independent and a) Two retired officers of the AG’s chairmanship of both these committees checks and balances. 4 the sunday morning business OPINION/ECONOMY Sunday, January 10, 2021

The scenes in America’s Capitol Hill this week were a stark reminder that superpowers can often fall short of their super credentials. The world’s The flames of social media foremost democracy world, at times even through the of the superpowers is the rise in is even more telling of the times awesome capabilities of the is facing a chaotic and use of force. But under Donald power of media to levels never we are in. internet combine to be a force for undignified transition, and Trump, America has chosen to before seen. Media, especially It’s time to take serious note both good and bad in the palm of the events that unfolded bully, threaten, or just abandon the newer formats, now have of the astounding ability of one’s hand. in Washington DC on wherever it hasn’t got its way. a far greater global footprint social media to manipulate As 2021 gets off to a dramatic Wednesday (6) manifested The US has slowly relinquished and is the new battleground of public opinion, to reframe truth start, it’s important that we its role of global citizen – public opinion and politics. The to suit agendas, to magnify acknowledge the tremendous the fragility of democracy withdrawing for example from events in America this week misinformation. In the hands power that we ourselves have and the rise of extremism in the Paris Accord on Climate are a remarkable outcome of an of organised groups, social conferred on the media. The its varied forms, even in the Change and even from the THE entire presidential term fuelling media becomes weaponised as events in Washington DC are only heartland of human rights World Health Organisation, mid- conspiracy theories, igniting the ideal tool through which to a microcosm of the disruption and liberty. pandemic. HEADLIGHT the rage of his voter base, and spread propaganda, which can be that social media-propagated The competitive landscape taunting those that dared stand amplified with just one flick of a messaging can potentially But why should the rest of the is changing – there is greater nations like China, India, and against him. The larger social finger. The armoury of the new wreak, by giving legitimacy to world care? Because America resistance to America. There Russia are far more polarised. networks such as Twitter and superpowers consists of tolls and misinformation and emboldening has been the country that has are ambitious others who – Meanwhile, America’s traditional Facebook took prompt action bots and sock puppets dedicated those manipulating its inherent over the last century, most while falling short of American allies are embroiled in their own to block President Trump’s to the sophisticated ploughing of features. Sri Lanka is far from willingly stepped in to the role economic and military might – issues, made more complex by posts during the riots, a move their master’s narrative, directly ready but at least we have Donald of global leadership – using can influence and gather allies the havoc wreaked on them by welcomed by most. That these targeting the desired audiences. Trump to thank for globally its vast power and influence to around their own centres of Covid-19. businesses were able to censor the The proliferation of smartphones, telecasted, real-life evidence of push forth democracy around the power, even though opinions on Underlying the waning strength most powerful man in the world the availability of data, and the what may potentially be in store. Tea yields unlikely to World Bank says recover to 2010-2015 global economy to levels: Forbes & Walker expand by 4% in 2021 The World Bank forecasts growth prospects will likely Forbes & Walker (Pvt.) Ltd. predicts the global economy to expand further increase debt burdens that although the Sri Lankan tea by 4% in 2021, assuming an and erode borrowers’ ability output is likely to recover in 2021, it is initial Covid-19 vaccine rollout to service debt,” World Bank unlikely to achieve the highs registered becomes widespread throughout Acting Vice President for from 2010-2015, and therefore the the year. A recovery, however, Equitable Growth and Financial supply situation would continue to will likely be subdued, unless Institutions Ayhan Kose said. remain tight. policy makers move decisively “The global community needs Issuing a report on the tea industry’s to tame the pandemic and to act rapidly and forcefully review of 2020 and a preview for implement investment- to make sure the recent debt 2021, Forbes & Walker noted that from enhancing reforms, the World accumulation does not end a Sri Lankan perspective, it is most Bank said in its January 2021 with a string of debt crises. The likely that the Sri Lankan rupee would Global Economic Prospects. developing world cannot afford weaken once the imports on non- Growth in the East Asia and another lost decade.” essential items are relaxed, and in such Pacific is projected to accelerate As severe crises did in the circumstances, would augur well for by 7.4% in 2021 while the past, the pandemic is expected rupee tea prices, considering that some regional economy of Europe to leave long-lasting adverse of the key importer country currencies and Central Asia is forecast to World Bank Group President effects on global activity. David Malpass too have depreciated post the Covid-19 grow by 3.3% this year and It is likely to worsen the pandemic. largely depend on the supply scenarios 74.2 million kg, marginally behind 75.9 economic activity in the South remains highly uncertain, and slowdown in global growth “From a global perspective, tea that unfold during the first quarter of million kg in 2019. Export earnings Asian region is projected to different growth outcomes are projected over the next decade production in 2020 is likely to record 2021,” Forbes & Walker further noted. stood at Rs. 64.4 billion vis-à-vis Rs. expand by 3.3% in 2021. still possible, as a section of due to underinvestment, a deficit, reflecting the crop shortfall Amidst the optimistic outlook 60.6 billion in 2019. At the end of Although the global economy the report details. A downside underemployment, and primarily from India and Sri Lanka. for prices, the industry continues the third quarter of 2020, tea exports is growing again after a 4.3% scenario in which infections labour force declines in Kenya, on the other hand, has recorded to be challenged with constant totalled 198.2 million kg vis-à-vis contraction in 2020, the continue to rise and the rollout many advanced economies. a fairly significant increase year-on- wage increases and lower rates of 221.0 million kg in 2019, a deficit pandemic has caused a heavy of a vaccine is delayed could If history is any guide, the year, perhaps reflecting a cyclical mechanisation, which would continue of 22.8 million kg. Export earnings toll of deaths and illness, limit the global expansion to global economy is heading recovery after a drought-induced to undermine the competitiveness due totalled Rs. 170.5 billion vis-à-vis Rs. plunged millions into poverty, 1.6% in 2021. Meanwhile, in an for a decade of growth decline in 2019. Further, black tea to higher average production costs than 182.5 billion, which records a deficit of and may depress economic upside scenario with successful disappointments unless production growth over a period of time other large producer/exporter countries. Rs. 12.0 billion in earnings. activity and incomes for a pandemic control and a faster policymakers put in place has essentially been from the African In terms of 2020 performance, Sri In the last quarter of 2020, October/ prolonged period. Top near-term vaccination process, global comprehensive reforms to region, consisting mainly of CTC Lankan tea production declined to 53.1 November production totalled 48.2 policy priorities are controlling growth could accelerate to improve the fundamental teas. From an orthodox perspective, million kg from 73.4 million kg during million kg, recording an increase of the spread of Covid-19 and nearly 5%. drivers of equitable and Sri Lanka as a prime supplier, the corresponding period in 2019 – a approximately 3 million kg. Whilst ensuring rapid and widespread In advanced economies, sustainable economic growth. together with India and Vietnam, has decline of 27% – in the first quarter this would be the only quarter to show vaccine deployment. To a nascent rebound stalled in Policymakers need to experienced a crop shortfall in recent of the year. Total auction average of a positive variance in production, and support economic recovery, the third quarter following continue to sustain the recovery, times,” the report stated. Rs. 594.81 showed an increase of Rs. if December production would equal authorities also need to facilitate a resurgence of infections, gradually shifting from income In global perspective, a recovery 9.51, compared to Rs. 585.30 recorded the 21.8 million kg achieved in 2019, a re-investment cycle aimed at pointing to a slow and support to growth-enhancing in tea consumption in 2021 in Asian during the first quarter in 2019. Mid annual production for 2020 would sustainable growth that is less challenging recovery. US GDP policies. In the longer run, countries was seen, particularly in India growns appreciated Rs. 9.86 quarter be marginally above 270 million kg. dependent on government debt. is forecast to expand 3.5% in in emerging markets and and China, which together is estimated on quarter, whilst low growns showed This would record an approximately “While the global economy 2021, after an estimated 3.6% developing economies, policies to be 55% and more of global demand. a gain of Rs. 19.51. However, high 30 million kg (10%) shortfall when appears to have entered a contraction in 2020. In the euro to improve health and education Forbes & Walker also noted weak growns recorded a decline of Rs. 19.61. compared to 2019. subdued recovery, policymakers area, output is anticipated to services, digital infrastructure, market outlook from European In the same quarter, tea exports totalled In 2020, the tea industry showed face formidable challenges — in grow 3.6% this year, following climate resilience, and business countries following the economic 59.5 million kg, recording a decline of its “resilience” by rising to the public health, debt management, a 7.4% decline in 2020. Activity and governance practices will downturn, which is unlikely to impact 14.1 million kg vis-à-vis 73.6 million occasion in digitising the auction budget policies, central banking, in Japan, which shrank by help mitigate the economic tea prices in a significant manner. kg during the corresponding quarter in in a “very short” period of time, and structural reforms — as 5.3% in the year just ended, damage caused by the “Uncertainty about US trade policy 2019. Earnings from tea exports of Rs. which facilitated the uninterrupted they try to ensure that this still is forecast to grow by 2.5% in pandemic, reduce poverty, and towards China poses a risk to tea sales. 49.2 billion recorded a deficit of Rs. sale of tea, according to the report. It fragile global recovery gains 2021. advance shared prosperity. It is hoped that US policy will become 13.2 billion vis-à-vis Rs. 62.4 billion further stated that this initiative was traction and sets a foundation for Aggregate GDP in emerging In the context of weak fiscal less combative with the political during January-March 2019. Overall, spearheaded by the Colombo Tea robust growth,” said World Bank market and developing positions and elevated debt, change. Oil prices moved higher during FOB values too declined to Rs. 826.39 Traders’ Association (CTTA), and Group President David Malpass. economies, including China, is institutional reforms to spur the first two weeks of December based in 2020 from Rs. 847.57 in 2019. supported by the Colombo Brokers’ “To overcome the impacts of expected to grow 5% in 2021, organic growth are particularly on stronger Asian demand, effective Meanwhile, in the second quarter, Association (CBA) and its technical the pandemic and counter the after a contraction of 2.6% important. In the past, the OPEC+ supply management, and total tea production of 75.3 million kg partner CICRA Holdings. Concurrently, investment headwind, there in 2020. China’s economy growth dividends from reform positive news on the vaccine front, recorded a deficit of 10.1 million kg many other auction centres around the needs to be a major push to is expected to expand by efforts were recognised by whilst Brent oil crossed $ 50 for the vis-à-vis 85.4 million kg during April- world too adopted and changed to the improve business environments, 7.9% this year following 2% investors in upgrades to their first time since March,” it added. June 2019. During this period, low methodology of selling tea digitally, increase labour and product growth last year. Excluding long-term growth expectations In the absence of a global measure growns showed the steepest negative transforming the character of the “tea market flexibility, and strengthen China, emerging markets and and increased investment flows. of tea stocks, predicting tea prices variance of 7.2 million kg, followed men”. transparency and governance.” developing economies are Central banks in some becomes a near impossibility. by negative variances of 1.5 million kg “The coronavirus outbreak left the The collapse in global forecast to expand 3.4% in emerging markets and Therefore, if the supply and demand and 0.6 million kg from the high and global economy looking bleak, with economic activity in 2020 2021 after a contraction of 5% developing economies have equation would be a deciding factor, medium grown regions, respectively. likely recessions in many developed is estimated to have been in 2020. Among low-income employed asset purchase it would be reasonable to assume that Tea exports totalled 64.5 million economies across the world. Whilst slightly less severe than economies, activity is projected programmes in response to prices in respect of large leaf orthodox kg in the second quarter of last year, there was some hope of recovery previously projected, mainly to increase 3.3% in 2021, after a pandemic-induced financial teas would sustain at these levels, recording a deficit of 7.0 million kg in the second half of the year, the due to shallower contractions contraction of 0.9% in 2020. market pressures, in many perhaps even as a worst-case scenario. vis-à-vis 71.5 million kg during the continuation of the pandemic shattered in advanced economies and Analytical sections of cases for the first time. When However, prices for orthodox corresponding quarter in 2019. Export all hopes, which meant the uncertainty a more robust recovery in the latest Global Economic targeted to market failures, rotorvane (small leaf liquoring teas) earnings totalled Rs. 56.8 billion, continued. Consequently, lower fiscal China. In contrast, disruptions Prospects report examine how these programmes appear would largely weigh on the recovery recording a decline in earnings of Rs. revenues and higher public expenditure to activity in the majority of the pandemic has amplified to have helped stabilise of tea production in North India, which 2.6 billion, compared to Rs. 59.4 billion placed many countries in a slump,” the other emerging markets and risks around debt accumulation, financial markets during the is unlikely to be regularised during in 2019. FOB value of Rs. 831.11 report added. Consequent to the lower developing economies were how it could hold back growth initial stages of the crisis. the first quarter of 2021, as almost recorded an increase of Rs. 50.17 vis-à- volumes harvested from around the more acute than expected. over the long term absent However, in economies where all producer countries experience dry vis Rs. 881.28 in corresponding quarter latter part of 2019, prices were edging “Financial fragilities in concerted reform efforts, asset purchases continue to weather conditions and it is often a lean in 2019. up on the previous year’s levels, which many of these countries, as and what risks are associated expand and are perceived to cropping period. In the third quarter of last year, were propelled quite sharply following the growth shock impacts with the use of asset purchase finance fiscal deficits, these “In these circumstances, tea prices total production showed some the pandemic, where consumers around vulnerable household and programmes as a monetary programmes may erode are unlikely to show a dramatic change recovery, totalling 72.0 million kg the world went on a panic buying business balance sheets, will policy tool in emerging market central bank operational from current levels up until the end of during the quarter under review, with spree of food items, of which tea was also need to be addressed,” and developing economies. independence, risk currency the first quarter of 2021, and perhaps on a marginal deficit of 2.0 million kg no exception. Consequently, many World Bank Group Vice “The pandemic has greatly weakness that de-anchors a cautiously optimistic note, we could when compared to the 74.0 million kg importers remained desperate for urgent President and Chief Economist exacerbated debt risks in inflation expectations, and expect these levels to remain till around harvested during the corresponding shipments, which led to strong buying Carmen Reinhart said. emerging markets and increase worries about debt mid-2021. Tea prices thereafter would quarter in 2019. Tea exports totalled at the Colombo Tea Auction. The near-term outlook developing economies; weak sustainability. the sunday morning business 5 Sunday, January 10, 2021 VIEWS

environment for eligible labour to remain By in the country. Dr. Nicholas Ruwan Another cause of brain drain is inequality among marginalised Dias and Niresh groups. In particular, the emphasis is Eliatamby Sri Lanka’s brain on qualified women who have little support. The Government needs to consider investment in programmes Sri Lanka cannot expect to develop, to cultivate women, and increase their economically or socially, while the job and career prospects to assist the vast number of educated young country in retaining their talents. All men and women flee the country those with leading roles and titles in the for greener pastures overseas due drain epidemic organisation shall always be respected to a lack of opportunities in their and praised, while low recognition goes home country. z Development is difficult when our best and brightest are leaving to production-level talent. For industries that depend on Our island nation has suffered from infrastructure and competitive innovations, mass migrations in the past – the Burgher brain drain is often persistent, as there community fled during the ‘60s; the is the potential of having a broader job austerity of the ‘70s saw economic experience. Low earnings or incentives, as migrants; the 1983 violence resulted in well as limited career and organisational hundreds of thousands from the Tamil advancement may also be a factor. The community leaving; the resumption of transfer or migration to US, EU, or war in 1990 saw many more Tamils and Australian companies guarantees a decent Sinhalese migrating; and the economic wage and assured career advancement. slowdown just after the new millennium resulted in another wave outward. No Fig. 1: Sri Lanka’s ranking in GTCI (Source: 2019 GTCI report) Practical solutions one in Sri Lanka counts the numbers, but yy The Government should encourage immigration counts in Canada, the US, entrepreneurship by providing small but New Zealand, Australia, Italy, France, significant amounts of financial support Germany, and India bear witness to this for startups sorry tale of Sri Lankans moving to those countries. yy It should promote innovation among But today, we see a growing brain drain Sri Lankans by providing opportunities due to lack of economic opportunity and financial support to develop and and social stagnation, which is far more showcase innovations worrying and difficult to correct. yy It should promote learning by While the number of Sri Lankan recognising the value of scholarly works undergraduates currently studying overseas and advanced degrees. This includes is not clear, we caught a glimpse of the acting upon recommendations of number during the pandemic, when news committees and think tanks reports said that between 20,000-40,000 were trying to return home last April. Fig. 3: Global desirability of nations to migrate to (Source: BCG 2018 report) yy Both government and private sector Most of these students will not return organisations should formulate and home after they graduate, but opt to stay nations like Sri Lanka, who hire many flight problems is to strengthen poor supplied with those studying humanities publicise clear career pathways that overseas instead. trained workers from greener pastures, internal political and economic bodies, and social sciences, rather than medicine would reward hard work, teamwork, This number is indeed staggering, and sustainable economic growth is daunting. as opposed to the creation of policies to and other urgent national requirements. learning, and innovation, and is an enormous figure in terms of brain The Sri Lankan Government’s efforts discourage emigration. take individuals to the top of their drain, demonstrating that the vast majority to pursue the road of growth through the The brain drain phenomenon in Access to more money and credit professions by the time they reach the of students studying in leading schools attraction of foreign direct investments Sri Lanka must be put in perspective. is a key factor age of 40 in Colombo – government, private, and (FDIs), the development of urban planning, The movement of highly qualified but The World Bank has proposed that yy For visiting academics and experts, the international – are lost to the country and the modernisation of the economy important Sri Lankan professionals was governments should provide well- authorities should introduce special forever. Even the largest government through the leveraging of its people’s mainly a private initiative between staff formed expatriates with opportunities to programmes (including high pay) to school in Colombo does not have more potential will be in trouble if the rate of and their placement abroad before the ‘70s. return home to work with financial and inspire them to teach or work in Sri than 700 students completing school in a human capital flight out of Sri Lanka In the mid-80s, the Government started fiscal incentives. In view of the size of Lanka, in view of the fact that many year, hence the enormous number currently remains strong. Policymakers would institutionalising the management of inequalities between nations however, academics, scientists, and specialists overseas is alarming. struggle with the fact that this involves temporary migrations of contract workers, the monthly wage for a Sri Lankan from Sri Lanka, or of Ceylonese While other developing nations such as adequate accumulation of human resources after an increasing demand for employees professional in London is sometimes 25 descent, are not remigrating; but their India have suffered brain drain at various to train their workers for upcoming in the Middle East. Those who served in times what it is in Colombo. Moreover, skills and experience are of great value times, many have managed to stabilise changes in the world of work. engineering saw strong demand. the financial or fiscal reward cannot to the country the situation by creating opportunities Therefore, problems related to the flight compensate for other factors such as social Brain drain is a major concern for yy The day-to-day economic, living, and domestically. These include India, South of human capital must be dealt with. The many developing countries, and unrest and administrative lethargy, which Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia, and several flight of human capital from developed affects the job. working issues, such as law and order, has rapidly become a key issue as ease of travel, quality of healthcare, Middle Eastern countries. countries is driven both by external and human capital is increasingly playing internal driving factors. Political instability, The challenge stability of the economy and currency, Key indicators: A look at global a role in a linked, service-oriented, and quality of education must be fixed. religious tension, and the average globalised economy yy Global competitiveness decreases: numbers educational performance of the minority A lack of skilled labour will raise These are key reasons that cause people The Global Talent Competitiveness community would be included. The country education framework wages more quickly than productivity. to migrate, as they see no improvement Index (GTCI) is an annual benchmarking Politically uncertain countries with supports students’ “free” undergraduate Transfers sent home may also trigger in these areas over the years study assessing and classifying nations poor education performance and and postgraduate education. Consequently, exchange rate appreciation. Transfers To move forward in national on the basis of their capacity to develop, religious conflicts are more vulnerable its undergraduates and postgraduates are will also result in less jobs and those development, Sri Lanka needs to maintain, and attract talent. First to brain drain, particularly when they expected to pay back, and the Government who earn transfers have a reduced desire transform itself from a work-intensive introduced in 2014, the GTCI offers are small and close to a developed has an obligation to create arrangements to work for a low hourly salary to a tech economy, and will need to rely an array of data and insights to help world, where educated people can to obtain a degree of reimbursement if the on high-quality workers and intellectual decision-makers develop talent strategies, easily migrate. Politically secure, undergraduate leaves. yy Less tax contribution: Young workers capital more than ever before. High- address gaps in talent, and become more well-educated, religiously harmonious Systematic migration contributes to between the ages of 25 and 60, who pay level manpower is still lacking, which competitive on the global market. As countries, on the other hand, face a economic drainage for graduates’ training income taxes but receive no pension or will increase more dramatically in the shown in Fig. 1, Sri Lanka was ranked lower chance of being impacted by and education countries. Sri Lanka has educational expenses, make the biggest years ahead in Sri Lanka’s continuing in the 2019 GTCI report at a dismal 83rd human capital flight. For example, in more psychiatrists “exported” to London contribution to finances in a country push towards modernisation. The place out of 125 countries, with a total the early 2000s, increased militancy than it has to the entire world. Engineers yy Lack of professionals: They are also country’s further growth and stability score of 36.95. during the final stages of the Sri Lankan were among the highest number of eligible employees (nurses, physicians, in the economic field would rely on its Top 10 most attractive countries Civil War and the Tsunami resulted returning academics. Those who earned a and technicians who find emigrating in performance in reversing the brain drain from the acceleration of human capital major in medicine and agriculture hardly higher-income countries easier) and hiring its highly skilled from abroad. for the global workforce flight. The best way to fix human capital return home. But our universities are over- © Niresh Eliatamby and Nicholas Ruwan As Fig. 3 shows, the most attractive The Government should invest in the Dias. countries for migration show a educational system first, considering (Dr. Nicholas Ruwan Dias [BSc, commonality among global respondents. that the lack of access to quality training MSc, PhD] and Niresh Eliatamby [LLB, and advanced training is one of the key LLM, MBA] are Managing Partners of Global context barriers and reasons why people migrate. Cogitaro.com, a consultancy that finds There are many factors that matter to It could be a choice to discourage people practical solutions for challenges facing a workforce that influence thoughts of from moving elsewhere for qualitative society, the environment, and all types of migration, as shown in Fig. 5. postgraduate studies (PhD and doctoral industries. The immigrant-to-population ratio, degrees). Dr. Dias is a digital architect and as shown in Fig. 6, is a key indicator on The lack of competitive wages for educationist based in Kuala Lumpur, the actual movement of people out of a highly qualified professions is another Malaysia. [email protected]. country. Sri Lanka ranks in the worst level issue. Reforms such as private sector Eliatamby is an author, journalist, of countries, while nations such as Canada, growth investment and job creation must and educationist based in Colombo, Sri Australia, New Zealand, Europe, the US, be undertaken to create a conducive Lanka. [email protected]) and Australia rank very high. Brain drain is a major concern for many developing countries, and has rapidly become a key Fig. 7 issue as human capital is increasingly playing a role in a linked, service-oriented, globalised economy. For developing Fig. 6: Immigrant-to-population ratio, by country, 2019 (Source: World Bank Group)

Fig. 5: How political stability matters (Source: BCG 2018 report) 6 the sunday morning business INNOVATION/AGRICULTURE Sunday, January 10, 2021 ‘The Boardroom’: SL’s first secretarial app BY UWIN LUGODA these documents when companies companies, where they hope to are at the end of closing a business- create revenue. Every business today related deal, or doing banking. “We have seen a very positive requires a list of secretarial He explained that each time, response from our clients – documents and registrations they would have to call the office especially from our Australian to function and grow. These secretary and have them transfer the clients who took a particular liking documents usually make the documentation needed, which was towards it, due to making legal and corporate basis for not ideal. documentation easy and not having companies, and need to be “What we have done is brought to always rely on their company readily available to company all these documents to your phone, secretaries. The need for our app officials. so that you do not need a lengthy was further emphasised due to back-and-forth with your secretary, the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, Due to this need for accessibility, and we have given these companies because most of the offices are international markets have the option of making these closed and companies do not begun to adopt digital solutions, documents shareable through other always have access to the hard which help them access these third-party messenger apps, such as documentation.” documents remotely via mobile WhatsApp and Viber.” He stated that by testing this app phone. However, the old secretarial The app looks at a common set out on their clients, they witnessed norms still dominate countries like of documentation a company needs that the process, which was earlier Sri Lanka, with most companies for everything, which includes their done manually, has now been made relying on physical copies of business registration certificate, a so much easier and accessible to important documents, making list of the chain of directors in the their existing and new customers. them inconvenient to access when company, the share structure, and Therefore, through the launch of needed. banks, investors, and/or partners. the annual returns. All the client’s the app, they also aim to target Seeing this gap, Ananda Speaking to The Sunday Morning documents available on the app will new clients that are tech-savvy and Sirisena and Co. (Pvt.) Ltd., a Business, the 30-year old company’s be verified by Ananda Sirisena and looking at transformational business registered corporate secretaries Executive Director Isura Sirisena Co., and registered with the registrar models. and incorporator with a range of stated that the app brings an of the company. Furthermore, Sirisena stated international and local clients, organisation’s registrations and Sirisena emphasised that they are that they plan on introducing new has decided to disrupt the market company secretarial documentation currently doing a test run with 50 of features to the app, such as digital by introducing Sri Lanka’s first- to their fingertips. He explained that their existing clients, and have been business cards and introductory ever secretarial app. Named “The this will give uninterrupted, efficient updating the app according to their videos for both corporates and Boardroom”, clients have the access to these documents, and findings. He also stated that they individuals, and a platform for board ability to carry all their corporate allow company officials to share are currently not looking to make members to interact with each other. documentation on an app that will these files with the intended parties. a revenue off the app, but instead This new app and its features are help them quickly share these via Having worked with both global want to install it with all 400 of designed to save time and bring ease social media, messaging apps, and and local clients in the last three their existing clients, perfecting of access to any scale of business, email, and also allow accessing decades, he stated that they have and developing the app further, and from first-time entrepreneurs to documentation during meetings with seen the need for quick access to reaching out to other secretarial large organisations. CA Sri Lanka’s Annual Report Awards to make comeback this year The Annual Report Awards Competition organised by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Sri Lanka (CA Sri Lanka) is set to make a comeback this year, which is expected to benefit participating companies amidst the Covid-19 global pandemic. The Annual Report Awards Competition, with a history of 55 years, was cancelled in 2020 on account of the Money spent on pandemic and the related challenges the corporate world faced due to the lockdowns and the economic crisis. Manil Jayesinghe foreign farmers to be CA Sri Lanka President Manil Jayesinghe said that the Institute took into consideration the difficulties the corporates faced last year diverted to locals amidst the unprecedented By cultivating what can living standards of the rural Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa effectively carried forward Covid-19 pandemic, and be grown in the country, population, which represents said in his address. He stated abandoned developments, as therefore decided against the money going to farmers 75% of the total. The present that the assistance of foreign well as the promotion of proceeding with the Annual abroad will be diverted to generation is moving away experts or consultants is economic growth of the Report Awards for the first the hands of our farmers, from agricultural activities not required to implement country. He also stated that time in the competition’s President Gotabaya Rajapaksa due to the inherent problems the plans in this regard, and he expects the support of history, because the said in a statement last week. and difficulties faced by the that it is the responsibility public servants to build the competition would not To uplift the agricultural farming community. of government officials to country in the future too, as have yielded the required sector, the Government has President Rajapaksa also implement these strategies at in the past, at every occasion. benefits for the participating given priority to provide water emphasised that officials grassroots level for the benefit In response to questions companies. and technical knowledge should focus more on solving of the rural people. raised by the people’s “But I am delighted to to the farming community, issues through methods such The Prime Minister representatives, Presidential announce that the Annual Chaaminda Kumarasiri as well as solving its land as ensuring higher harvest commended the sacrifices Task Force on Economic Report Awards Competition issues. A large sum of money prices, technical knowledge, made by both the public Revival and Poverty will make a comeback connected to the competition, companies when developing has been allocated from the water management, local seed and private sectors to make Alleviation Head Basil this year, incorporating a on how to improve the their financial reports for this 2021 Budget for this purpose. production, marketing, and a success of the changed Rajapaksa said that the series of changes in relation competition further to ensure year. More than 800 projects, transportation facilities, and lifestyle with the coronavirus Government has taken a to corporate reporting,” it continues to be a catalyst in CA Sri Lanka stated it which planned on utilising encouraging farmers to engage pandemic. number of steps to protect Jayesinghe said. corporate reporting. has played a catalyst role foreign aid and local grants, in organic agriculture. With the prevailing Covid- crops from wild elephants At present, the Annual “Based on the feedback we in promoting transparency, have yet to be completed. Noting that it is important 19 pandemic situation, the and other animals. He also Report Awards Competition have received, the Annual social responsibility and The President is of the view to use people-centric tendency has emerged to requested that proposals revolves around a stringent Report Awards Committee corporate governance that all these projects should approaches in resolving issues use digital technology in a compiled at rural level three-tier evaluation process, has decided to make amongst corporates by be completed expeditiously prevailing in rural areas, rather number of fields, including to address such issues where the reports are certain relaxations for the organising the Annual and committed to fulfill the than strictly adhering to rules school education, to service be submitted to the reviewed by a technical panel, competition in 2021, which Report Awards Competition people’s aspirations. and regulations, the President needs. This revealed the Government. a panel of industry experts, will benefit the participating for over half a century. President Rajapaksa made pointed out that it is the duty ability of local officials The objective of the and subsequently, by the final companies immensely at the The competition has these comments during a and responsibility of officials to embrace and work on programme was to discuss panel of judges comprising competition this year,” he also contributed towards special programme held at to visit villages, identify the something new at any the issues that arise in the eminent accountants, as well said. enhancing the country’s Temple Trees on Thursday problems faced by the people, moment. Considering the implementation of projects as regulatory authorities and Further, CA Sri Lanka, in its financial landscape, while (7) to apprise government and work to find solutions current situation, Prime and programmes and how to academia. capacity as the sole authority promoting multinationals officials on the national to those issues – and not Minister Rajapaksa pointed resolve them. Cabinet and Annual Report Awards in promulgating accounting and conglomerates as programme “Back to the confining themselves to their out the need to promptly state ministers, governors, Committee Chairman and auditing standards in the well as small and medium village with work” through the respective offices. integrate modern technology district and divisional Chaaminda Kumarasiri country, will also publish businesses, to produce high initiative of “Discussion with This year’s Budget is into state institutions. secretaries, planning service said that CA Sri Lanka has the New Guidelines for quality annual reports that the village”. aimed at improving the living The Prime Minister noted officials, accountants, and been collating feedback the Presentation of Annual are cohesive, clear, and The President pointed out standards of rural people that on every occasion many other government from numerous stakeholders Reports, which will be an go beyond the statutory the need for a sustainable engaged in farming, fishing, that a government led by officials were present on the directly and indirectly important publication for boundaries of reporting. mechanism to uplift the and other industries, Prime them came to power, it occasion. the sunday morning business 7 Sunday, January 10, 2021 TOURISM/ECONOMY

BY UWIN LUGODA The travel bubble is aimed at isolating the tourists from the Sri Lankan inbound tour general public during the first operators have begun 14 days of their stay, while also reaching out to new potential allowing them to visit allocated international markets and Tour operators eye tourist sites after their seventh day tourism segments as of last in quarantine. These tourists are week, The Sunday Morning given the opportunity to leave the Business learns. hotels after their seventh day in quarantine to visit selected tourist Speaking to us, Sri Lanka sites such as the Temple of the Association of Inbound Tour Covid-less markets Sacred Tooth Relic and Sigiriya, Operators (SLAITO) immediate with the visits being co-ordinated outgoing President Mahen looking at new markets to focus on in the last few years, and all of them during specific hours of the day Kariyawasam stated that the more, which include the Eastern have had an extremely positive when no locals will be allowed local tour operators have begun European markets and countries response to our brand of wellness.” into the sites, after which the promoting Sri Lanka to new like Germany, who have been seen Hettigoda also pointed out that Ministry of Health will sanitise international markets and segments on average to stay longer than the wellness segment also falls in the entire location before opening following a collective press 14 days. This falls in line with line with the tourism board’s current them up to the public again. Any conference held on 4 January by Sri Lanka Tourism’s current pilot bubble concept, as tourists who locals exposed to the tourists while the Sri Lanka Tourism stakeholders. programme that launched with the come for Ayurvedic hotels usually serving them during their 14-day He explained that the tour operators arrival of the 175 Ukrainian tourists stay in those hotels for a minimum quarantine will also be quarantined began promoting the country as a on 28 December 2020, which of 14 days and rarely have contact before being allowed to return destination in the hope that once the limits the tourists’ travel around the with the local communities outside. home. airports open, Sri Lanka will be in country within the first 14 days. “Our hotels are in a bubble of However since the launch of the top of the tourists’ travel list. Furthermore, he added that the its own and today we have over a the pilot programme, Sri Lanka “We have already begun reaching inbound tour operators will shed 100 Ayurvedic hotels spread across Tourism has come into criticism out to both old and new markets, more focus on segments such as the country, and some of them are as several of the tourists tested and we are also introducing a new the “Ayurvedic” segment which is Our hotels are in a bubble of its We have already begun certified to deal with Covid. We positive for Covid-19 and Ukraine set of guidelines in the coming predicted to garner more interest own and today we have over a reaching out to both old and have seen now that most Europeans reported the discovery of five new weeks or so for our inbound tour given the current global emphasis 100 Ayurvedic hotels spread new markets, and we are also are very keen on doing this kind of strains of Covid-19 which may operators to follow to maintain the on health. During the event, across the country, and some of introducing a new travelling, so I think that this is the not be detected by the local PCR safety of the country, which is our Siddhalepa Resorts Managing them are certified to deal with set of guidelines in the coming perfect time for us to promote this tests, adding to the concerns of the top priority.” Director Asoka Hettigoda agreed Covid. We have seen now that weeks or so for our inbound and show the world the efficacy of public. But newly elected SLAITO He went on to state that due to with this statement, and said most Europeans are very keen tour operators to follow to one of our biggest heritages.” President Thilak Weerasinghe told the Covid-19 situation in countries that herbal treatment is now on doing this kind of travelling, maintain the safety of the The first group of Ukrainian the media that this pilot project like the UK,where the virus has considered as one of the best ways so I think that this is the perfect country, which is our top tourists landed in the Mattala is expected to generate over Rs. developed into a stronger strain, to be immune from the Covid-19 time for us to promote this priority Rajapaksa International Airport 800 million for the local tourism SLAITO members have been pandemic and hence, there is a (MRIA) as part of the pilot industry. The Ukrainian tourists are Siddhalepa Resorts SLAITO Immediate advised to refrain from promoting great demand from the European programme conducted by Sri expected to spend about $ 150 per Sri Lanka to these markets. The tourists to visit Sri Lanka. “This Managing Director Past President Lanka Tourism to attract visitors, day excluding their other expenses, Asoka Hettigoda Mahen Kariyawasam UK, however, is one of Sri Lanka’s matter was brought even to the starting with this special flight from whilst the average stay is 14 days. top five markets, as it accounted for notice of foreign ambassadors and Ukraine. Soon, a second group of So far, 653 Ukrainian tourists 254,176 tourists, which is 10.9% of to President Gotabaya Rajapaksa, that the segment will thrive in “Today, everyone is focused on 204 tourists entered the country on have arrived since the launch of the the tourists arrivals in 2018, making who has been very vocal about the coming months as the whole boosting their immune systems 29 December 2020, a third group project, with another eight flights it our third biggest market that year. promoting this to tourists,” world is currently on the lookout and that is exactly what our ‘Hela of 172 arrived on 2 January, and scheduled to arrive until 24 January, According to Kariyawasan, Hettigoda noted. for natural remedies that would Wedakama’ is known for. We have finally, a fourth group of 97 entered carrying an average of 100 to 200 SLAITO members have also begun He explained that he was positive improve one’s immune system. already served thousands of tourists the country on 4 January. passengers. LOLC General Insurance Asia Securities forecasts records Rs. 6 b in gross 5.4% GDP this year written premium Stockbroking firm Asia Securities LOLC General Insurance, ADVERTORIAL (Pvt.) Ltd. maintained that all signs point a fully owned subsidiary of to a strong GDP growth trajectory in the LOLC Group, recently in the local market for 2021. The latest economic outlook report, became Sri Lanka’s first general insurance? titled “Balancing the Priorities: The general insurance company The opportunities are New Normal”, forecasts a GDP growth to achieve Rs. 6 billion gross immense in the market. With of 5.4% for 2021, driven by improved written premium (GWP) a saturated motor market investor sentiment and consumer demand, in less than 10 years. The and the challenge of limited an accommodative monetary policy company reached the Rs. 6 new registrations for the environment, and a pickup in global billion mark in December foreseeable future, the price demand. Asia Securities’ report on 27 2020, becoming the fastest and service will be key in this March 2020 – the first such report to general insurance company LOLC General Insurance CEO sphere. The non-motor market forecast the impact of Covid-19 – forecast to achieve this milestone in Kithsiri Gunawardena is noticeably underpenetrated the economy to contract by 13-17% Year- Sri Lanka looks to head towards a negative real interest rate environment in 2021 the industry, according to the achievement was also made and this gives LOLC General on-Year (YoY) in 2Q2020. company. LOLC General possible by the trust and Insurance opportunities The report considered three probability- In addition, the Asia Securities forecast forth will also be dependent on how Insurance Chief Executive confidence placed in us by to grow with our unique weighted scenarios combining a top- indicates that inflation will remain within certain global factors play out. Emerging Officer (CEO) Kithsiri our customers throughout products and services to down and bottom-up analysis. The firm’s the Central Bank’s threshold of 4-6% in markets are expected to take off again Gunawardena talks of the key the country as well as the customers. assessment was in line with the 16.3% 2021. While Asia Securities forecasts the in 2021, breaking a decade-long trend attributes that helped reach indispensable contribution YoY contraction for 2Q2020. While the fiscal deficit to weaken in 2021, the firm of asset allocations towards developed this achievement. made by our staff. What are your future outlook for 2021 remains largely positive notes that an increase in the revenue base markets amidst superior growth, a expansion plans? due to improved policy certainty and a and higher growth can bring the overall strengthening US dollar, and strong What were the main factors How did the company 2021 will see innovations stable government, the firm notes that deficit down by 2023. yields. Several factors will drive this shift. that helped LOLC General manage to progress despite in terms of customer several challenges remain. “A weakening USD will push investors Insurance reach the Rs. 6 the pandemic in 2020? engagement with respect to “The 2021 Budget emphasises on a ‘Strong Growth’ trajectory for to rebalance their portfolios and spur billion GWP mark in less Year 2020 was probably digital transformation as well domestically driven recovery amidst equities in 2021 capital flows into emerging markets. than 10 years? the most challenging year for as unique product ranges fiscal support. With improving business Following a year of volatility, Asia With lower currency risk, Asia Securities LOLC General Insurance is most businesses in the country and service standards being and consumer confidence seen following Securities noted that the road ahead for Research sees cheaper emerging market a young company compared and the insurance industry introduced. By locating the end of the first lockdown, a Sri Lanka’s capital markets is optimistic, valuations being more appealing and to the rest in the industry. recorded negative growth. branches strategically, the continued low interest rate environment with the All Share Price Index (ASPI) rewarding for investors,” it added. During the last few years, Interestingly, LOLC General company is enhancing bodes well for investments in the short expected to reach 7,400-7,600 in 2021. Bloomberg consensus points at we continuously streamlined Insurance managed to record customer convenience. Our to medium term. However, a negative The Sri Lankan stock market marked emerging markets growing (real GDP) the processes and achieved its best performance during focus on accomplishing full real interest rate environment will likely a V-shaped recovery in 2020, seeing at a faster 5% in 2021E, compared to greater co-ordination between this year. Although external automation remains strong continue in 2021,” the report added. one of its strongest rallies to recover 4% for developed markets. (2022E: different units of the company. operating conditions remained with the entire process According to the report, foreign direct all losses suffered over the course of Emerging markets – 5.1%, developed The entire staff was motivated challenging, the general automated end to end, from investments (FDI) will take centre stage the coronavirus pandemic. The latest markets – 3.1%). One of the main reasons to work as one team and insurance business performed meeting the customer to the in 2021 with the Government’s focus “Asia Securities Sri Lanka: 2021 Equity for a faster emerging market recovery embark on a customer- steadily. Most disruptions point of delivery while policy on executing investment-driven FDIs, Outlook” report, titled “Zero in on the is better management of the pandemic. centric approach. A scheme create opportunities, and servicing is achieved via particularly related to Port City Colombo Recovery”, highlights that the forces With stronger growth prospects and low was introduced whereby a we capitalised on becoming technology platforms. The and Hambantota Port Zone. The Asia behind one of the fastest recoveries currency risks, Asia Securities Research pre-designated percentage even more aggressive when country-wide reach will be Securities report notes that attracting include a low interest rate environment, noted that emerging markets are in a of the company profits are most others opted to be enhanced with the formation long-term non-debt-related inflows is manufacturing dominance led by “sweet spot” in 2021. shared with our staff, thereby cautious. By December 2020, of new regions/branches and a key factor at this juncture of the Sri protection for local firms, and renewed While emerging markets have elevating them to become we were able to reach the close to 70 dedicated service Lankan economy. Improving the FDI economic hopes and policy stability, with underperformed the S&P 500 over the true stakeholders of our Rs. 6 billion mark mainly points being established. landscape can resolve two long-term both the presidential and parliamentary last decade, earnings expectations have business. We also critically because of the commitment issues: (i) The dependency on external elections now behind. been on the rise with hopes of a faster analysed our expenses and of our team who were always Any plans to venture into financing and (ii) fiscal pressure. The The report highlights: “Low interest recovery. As it is still a struggle to find introduced mechanisms to geared and motivated to offer international markets? report further highlights that there is rates locally continue to provide further yield in government bonds amidst low achieve greater efficiency and uninterrupted services to the With LOLC expanding potential for FDI to reach 4-5% of GDP in impetus for the market to rally and local interest rates, a risk-on approach with productivity. The combination customers even during the into many markets in Asia the long term, if correct policy measures investors will continue to carry the mantle global recovery will drive funds to faster- of these measures and our pandemic. and Africa, we too hope are in place. in 2021. Despite the likelihood of rates growing emerging market economies. aggressive sales model to expand the insurance One of the key challenges going into bottoming out once credit growth picks The election of Joe Biden represents a supported by the commitment What makes LOLC services and products to 2021 is the Government’s debt obligations up, we expect equities to remain the return to more predictable US politics. An of our team resulted in the General Insurance different several selected and potential amidst a low credit profile. With a $ 4.5 more attractive asset class as rates will be easing of trade tensions between the US company being able to secure from the rest in the international markets in the billion repayment schedule in place for recovering from a historic low.” and China can further aid recovery in the a substantial volume of new industry? near future. LOLC Group 2021, the Government would need to In addition to low interest rates, the Asian markets. business outside of the group The aggressive business has a very strong and highly ensure that reserves are maintained at strong trajectory for Sri Lanka equities is While a risk-on sentiment with reflecting that we are well model, highly motivated respected brand presence in relatively healthy levels. We expect the supported by an improvement in earnings vaccine deployment and global recovery aligned to the needs of the and loyal staff, passionate all the markets we operate. Government will continue to depend (coming from a lower base), and large will favour equities in 2021, Asia market. leadership, unstinted In some of these markets, the on domestic financing. However, with caps gaining momentum with earnings Securities Research highlighted that With a service first mindset reputation within the market insurance industry is in the credit growth expected at ~8-10% YoY picking up. The Asia Securities report also regional countries are likely to attract and the strong backing of on service quality, and, last early stages of development. in 2021, Asia Securities expect interest forecasts a healthy pickup in corporate foreign fund flows first, with Sri Lanka the LOLC Group, LOLC but not least, the strong Thus, the regulators are rates to face upward pressure. While this earnings in 2021, driven by consumption- seeing latent fund flows. Concerns General Insurance became backing of the LOLC Group, keen on the introduction of may lead to higher debt rollover costs, related stimuli and lower finance costs around Sri Lanka’s low credit rating the fastest-growing insurer in make us stand apart. microinsurance products to it could be mitigated if non-debt-related which will help the bottom line. mean that Sri Lankan equities can the industry with the highest support small and medium- investments materialise in line with Asia Securities Research said the expect a very gradual improvement in growth in motor as well as How do you view the scale businesses for systemic expectations. momentum in equities from this point foreign fund flows. non-motor portfolios. This opportunity and potential stability. 8 the sunday morning business ADVERTORIAL Sunday, January 10, 2021 Dialog Sri Lanka Insurance to Enterprise handle ‘Suraksha’ again The “Suraksha” children’s Government aim to protect partners insurance policy, granted the children of the nation, by by the Ministry of assisting both their physical Education to all school and mental wellbeing by students free of charge, ensuring financial assistance with Zoho in case of illness, accident, and has again been awarded Dialog Enterprise, the Zoho Cliq, Zoho Mail, and to Sri Lanka Insurance disability, both in and out of corporate solutions arm Zoho Connect. Corporation Ltd. (SLIC) to school, ensuring uninterrupted of Dialog Axiata PLC, Besides pre-built facilitate the process. education. announced its strategic integrations, Workplace Under the Suraksha scheme, partnership with global apps can be personalised The official handing over each child would receive a technology company for deeper interactions and of the Suraksha policy was hospitalisation cover worth Zoho. This partnership to meet each organisation's held on 4 January 2020 at the Rs. 200,000; outpatient will provide Dialog’s unique needs. They Ministry of Education, with benefit of Rs.10,000; corporate customers include admin controls to the participation of Minister critical or prolonged illness access to Zoho Workplace, ensure data security and of Education Prof. G.L. Peiris, coverage worth Rs.1,500,000; a cloud-based enterprise privacy, and are available Education Ministry Additional personal accident cover collaboration suite built on in various international Secretary (School Affairs) From left: Ministry of Education Additional Secretary (School Affairs) L.M.D. Dharmasena, Minister of worth Rs.200,000, covering Education Prof. G.L. Peiris, Sri Lanka Insurance Corporation (SLIC) Chairman Jagath Wellawatta, and SLIC CEO a common data model and languages. Presently, L.M.D. Dharmasena, SLIC Chandana L. Aluthgama at the official handing over of the Suraksha policy permanent total disability, unified through common the core Zoho Mail app Chairman Jagath Wellawatta, permanent partial disability, search and AI, allowing supports Sinhala and and SLIC CEO Chandana L. Education Ministry and million schoolchildren from The insurance scheme also temporary disability; and life organisations to solve Tamil interfaces. Aluthgama. SLIC in 2017. SLIC will government, private, and falls under SLIC’s “insurance insurance coverage worth Rs. business problems quickly Businesses will also The Suraksha insurance commence facilitation of the international schools, and also for all” concept, to provide 200,000 (only for the parents and collaboratively. benefit from Zoho's scheme was initiated as policy through its branch student priests in Pirivena protection for every citizen of students below the poverty This partnership aims privacy policies and a collaboration of the network of 158 outlets to 4.5 education. of Sri Lanka. SLIC and the line). to enable technology security standards, diffusion across all which do not allow any enterprise segments, and third-party trackers to facilitate smart, contextual monitor user behaviour. collaboration among teams Zoho never sells data WEBXPAY by implementing preferred to ad-based companies, Singer donates Zoho applications. The and assures user celebrates 5th Zoho Workplace suite confidentiality. includes Zoho Writer, Zoho Workplace is Zoho Sheet, Zoho Show, now available on Dialog's anniversary Zoho Workdrive, Zoho website at a starting two dialysis CRRT Showtime, Zoho Meeting, monthly rate of Rs. 199. WEBXPAY, an WEBXPAY had internet payment recorded Rs. 500 gateway provider, million worth of machines completes five years transactions and Eric Rajapakse in operation this onboarded 1,000 month. Established merchants. By June in December 2015 2018, it had entered launches Beltone with the motto “we into partnerships with don’t dream about four leading local success, we work commercial banks, hearing aids for it”, the fintech which linked their platform garnered base of customers to Eric Rajapakse Through the newly 2,000 merchants and the benefits offered Opticians, an eye care introduced Beltone hearing processed over Rs. 3 by WEBXPAY’s specialist, has launched aids, Eric Rajapakse billion in transactions digital platform. its new brand identity, Opticians is serving by the end of 2020. WEBXPAY together with the launch of hearing disabilities for the Incorporated in went on to launch Beltone hearing aids from first time. Customers will 2015, WEBXPAY XWallet in July 2020, Denmark. be able to undergo hearing made a splash in the which empowered Embodying the new evaluations by specialists The donation of the two dialysis CRRT machines was carried out online with the participation of Singer Sri Lanka Group market back in April merchants to expand company vision, "quality using state-of-the-art CEO Mahesh Wijewardene, Human Resources Director Roshan Kulasuriya, Marketing Manager Darshana Appuhamy, 2016, with the aim of to 13 payment spectacles from expert technology, and purchase NHSL Deputy Director Dr. Lionel Muhandiramge, Consultant – ICU Dr. Dilshan Priyankara, Registrar Dr. Aravinda Guruge, enabling small and options. In July hands", Eric Rajapakse the latest Beltone hearing Chief Nursing Officer Karunaratne and In Charge Medical Samaratunga medium enterprises 2020, WEBXPAY Opticians offers products aids to suit individual The “Singer Thirst for Life” Batticaloa Teaching Hospital, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the (SMEs) to affordably introduced Xpos, its at affordable prices. requirements. The corporate social responsibility Jaffna General Hospital, NHSL said that now, dialysis on enter the e-commerce mobile application The company has also company is also offering (CSR) project recently donated Wathupitiwala Base Hospital, and chronic kidney patients coming to sphere without for merchants that embarked on a journey servicing and repairs of two dialysis continuous renal Padaviya General Hospital. the NHSL from various parts of significant barriers. offers access to check towards becoming a hearing aids. replacement therapy (CRRT) Singer Sri Lanka Group Chief the country, can be performed at Within three months, transaction history, female-friendly optical Founded in 1940, machines to the National Hospital Executive Officer (CEO) Mahesh the ICU, without sending them to in June 2016, over refund customer brand by offering an Beltone hearing aids are of Sri Lanka (NHSL) to help Wijewardene said they are very other units of the hospital, making 100 merchants signed payments, generate extensive range of today available in over treat patients with chronic kidney happy about being able to donate the lives of both the patients and up in its journey to invoices, and send products for women, 40 countries across the diseases (CKD). 10 dialysis CRRT machines doctors much easier. contribute to financial links to make among other steps; from globe. The company's These donations were made during the last seven years under Singer Sri Lanka Marketing inclusion and payments. employing more female product range includes the after identifying specific the “Singer Thirst for Life” Manager Darshana Appuhamy inclusive growth in Despite the staff, to presenting a first wireless streaming requirements at government programme. stated: “Rs. 100 from every water Sri Lanka. In January pandemic, wider selection of female hearing aid – Beltone True hospitals for dialysis CRRT “Singer water filters, available filter sold at all Singer Sri Lanka 2017, WEBXPAY WEBXPAY achieved eyewear brands. – which provides wireless machines. The “Singer Thirst for at Singer Sri Lanka showrooms showroom is credited towards concluded a billing of Rs. 2.5 Eric Rajapakse streaming capabilities Life” project was started in 2013 islandwide, help to minimise the this project. We are determined discussions with billion within five Opticians supplies from handheld devices, by donating two dialysis CRRT threat of chronic kidney disease in to continue this project for many the Central Bank years of operation in eyewear products from as well as Beltone First, machines to the Polonnaruwa Sri Lanka. But without stopping years to come and thereby set an of Sri Lanka to the digital payment reputed international the first-of-its-kind Hospital. So far, Singer Sri Lanka there, through this project, Singer example for other companies to operate without any space by September brands such as Ray-Ban, hearing aid with streaming has donated 10 dialysis CRRT Sri Lanka is making a worthy take part in similar CSR activities disruption. 2020, and went on Oakley, Vogue, Emporio capabilities from any machines worth Rs. 30 million. effort to protect the lives of kidney to help the people who go to By May 2018, to expand to Rs. 3 Armani, Coach, and D&G, iPhone, iPad, or iPod Other hospitals that received patients,” Wijewardene said. government hospitals for such within two years of billion to complete at affordable prices. Touch device. dialysis CRRT machines were: Dr. Aravinda Guruge at the treatments.” setting up operations, the year. People's Bank Seeduwa Branch moves to new premises Vallibel Finance expands to People's Bank’s Seeduwa Branch moved Ja-Ela and Thambuththegama to a new location on 4 January 2021. The opening Vallibel Finance ceremony of the new recently expanded premises was attended by its network across People's Bank Chairman the country, with Sujeewa Rajapakse its recent branch and Chief Executive openings in Ja-Ela and Officer (CEO)/General Thambuththegama. Manager (GM) Ranjith The two new branches Kodituwakku. will support and The new branch allow better access to is located at No. financial facilities to 425, Colombo Road, all those in Colombo’s Seeduwa, offering added suburb of Ja-Ela and Vallibel Finance MD Jayantha Rangamuwa (centre) declared open the two branches convenience to customers Thambuththegama in along with a range of From left: People’s Bank Chairman Sujeewa Rajapakse, Seeduwa the northern part of the two branches to the concern is to ensure that The financial facilities Brand of the Year 2020, services backed by the Branch Manager A. Thushara Nishanthi, and People’s Bank CEO/ country. public. our customers receive offered range from fixed while upgrading the GM Ranjith Kodituwakku ceremoniously opening the new branch latest technology. Vallibel Finance "Adding the new the very best of our deposits, leasing, gold brand rating to "A+". Senior Deputy General Manager Assistant Regional Managing Director two branches to our services. I believe that loans, housing loans, Vallibel Finance has General Manager (Channel Management) Managers R. Gnanathilaka (MD) Jayantha network is a significant the success of Vallibel and many other financial been listed as one of (Payments, Digital, Mahinda Premanath, and Subashini Artigala, Rangamuwa graced achievement for us, as Finance has always solutions with benefits the “Great Places to Process Management, Head of Marketing Nalaka Seeduwa Branch Manager the occasion of the it allows us to reach out been entrenched in and returns. Work” in Sri Lanka for and Quality Assurance) Wijayawardana, Regional A. Thushara Nishanthi inaugural ceremony to more customers in our customers," said Vallibel Finance two successive years in K.B. Rajapakse, Deputy Manager Nalin Pathirage, participated at the event. and declared open the the island. Our primary Rangamuwa. was awarded as the 2019 and 2020. Printed by the Kalukodayawa, Malwana Press & Published by Liberty Publishers (Pvt.) Ltd. 91, Wijerama Mawatha, Colombo 7 SAFARI JEEP DRIVERS IN FOCUS »SEE PAGE 6

WAIT YOUR TURN TO SAY YOUR PRAYERS »SEE PAGE 4 Sunday, January 10, 2021 brunch‘I have to thank Ibn Battuta for taking me on a spectacular journey’ A chat with Ameena Hussein about her latest book

BY NAVEED ROZAIS It is rare to find a book that combines the old and the new seamlessly in an enjoyable way. Author and Perera-Hussein Publishing House Senior Commissioning Editor and Co-Founder Ameena Hussein’s latest book Chasing Tall Tales and Mystics – Ibn Battuta in Sri Lanka: A personal journey is one of these rare books.

Ibn Battuta in Sri Lanka to see how much of what captures the story of Moroccan Battuta saw can still be seen traveller and adventurer Ibn today, how it has changed, and Battuta’s visit to Sri Lanka’s how people in the area have shores. Admittedly, an remembered this visitor from unplanned visit while he waited so long ago. Along the way, out complicated weather, Hussein uncovers so much of Battuta’s visit was one that our own history and traditions had an undeniable impact, that we have forgotten, as well both on the traveller himself as things we still do today that who documented his visit to we have evidently been doing the island in his greater travel for over 700 years in one form work the Rihla, and on us. or another. There is a street in Puttalam Ibn Battuta in Sri Lanka named after Battuta, and lots blends history, travel, and of small clues dotted around adventure, telling two stories, northwest Sri Lanka that hint at that of Battuta and his travels, the impact Battuta’s visit had and Hussein and her travels, on us. Battuta’s description of and blending the two into Sri Lanka in the Rihla shows us an enjoyable non-fictional a Sri Lanka before colonialism narrative that truly connects

through the lens of a traveller For me, personally, Ibn Battuta us to 14th-Century Sri Lanka who hailed from closer to home is of vital importance because while also showing how our than the European powers that he is one of the few pre-colonial history has shaped our present. would conquer our borders figures who has written about The Sunday Morning centuries later. our country. Too much of what Brunch interviewed Hussein to Hussein captures Battuta’s we know is gleaned from colonial glean more of what was going journey in Sri Lanka by writings and influenced by their on in her mind when writing literally following in his biases and prejudices Ibn Battuta in Sri Lanka. footsteps, visiting the places ││Contd. on page 2 Battuta visited, and looking

BY DIMITHRI WIJESINGHE NANOTECHNOLOGY The global tourism standstill due to Covid-19 has caused the tourism AS INFINITE AS YOUR IMAGINATION industry to nearly disappear Prof. Ravi Silva CBE on nanotechnology and its potential to reimagine the future into thin air, and for small island nations such as BY NAVEED ROZAIS regional level and also for ourselves, it has cost dearly. distinguished and innovative In an effort to revive Having a Sri Lankan contribution to any area. a vital industry on which be recognised on the global Prof. Silva received our economy is so reliant, stage is always a very the award for outstanding following the nine-month heartening experience. services to science, long travel ban, on 28 Recently, Sri Lankan education, and research December, our Government scientist and Director of over the last three decades, launched a pilot project to Advanced Technology with contributions that test the waters. Institute at the University extend around the world. Under the pilot project, of Surrey Professor Ravi His research into nearly 3,000 tourists from Silva was awarded a CBE energy materials will Ukraine were set to visit Prioritising tourism (Commander of the Order play a key role in next- the country, coming in of the British Empire) in generation solar cells and batches in a series of charter recognition of his work energy storage. Prof. Silva flights, before the country amidst the threat of a in science education and firmly believes that by opens fully for commercial research over the last three adopting a solar energy travellers. decades. future, solar electricity Despite the Ukrainians new strain of the virus could become a free The CBE is awarded having travelled in a bio- five of them who arrived for treatment at General Sir energy source within the to individuals for having a bubble, with limited contact on the first flight had tested John Kotelawala Defence next two decades. prominent role at national with the local community to positive for Covid-19, and University (KDU) Hospital. level, or a leading role at avoid Covid-19 infections, ││Contd. on page 2 Measuring large area electronics transistors have since been transferred ││Contd. on page 3 2 the sunday morning brunch PEOPLE/TRAVEL Sunday, January 10, 2021

women; and bemused that Malian women walked about without a stitch of clothing to cover their nakedness. I was glad to read ‘I have to thank.... about the diversity of women of the Middle many excesses – that is what makes him Ages and to know that all along, women Contd. from page 1 use of the betel leaf, cinnamon, the barter even more remarkable. He was an ordinary belonging to whichever century have found system, the gift-giving system – all these man, who did an extraordinary thing. To a way to make their presence felt. resonate with modern life as well. ÄÄ What drew you to Ibn Battuta know more about him, and his probable ÄÄ How do you think Ibn Battuta and why him; a traveller from ÄÄ ‘Ibn Battuta in Sri Lanka’ was trajectory in our country, you will have to has impacted Lankan culture? read the book of course! so long ago? intensively researched. How For me, personally, Ibn Battuta is of The short answer is a photograph. Not did you do it and how long ÄÄ On your travels following vital importance because he is one of the of Ibn Battuta but his name on a street in did the process take? in Ibn Battuta’s Lankan few pre-colonial figures who has written Puttalam. The long answer is that it was All in all, I think it took five years in about our country. Too much of what we precisely because he was a traveller from footsteps, what was your total. This included research, travel, writing, most memorable moment or know is gleaned from colonial writings and “so long ago”, as you put it, that intrigued and editing before the book was published. influenced by their biases and prejudices. me. When I realised he had visited Lanka To break it down, I did about one year anecdote? Ibn Battuta reveals a country that grew before the 16th Century and the entry of of reading, one year of travel, and two years I have to thank Ibn Battuta for taking cinnamon and thrived on trade, where women European colonisation into this country, and of researching, writing, and additional travel me on a spectacular journey. He made me adorned themselves with jewellery; a country more importantly, that he had written about to double-check facts and finally, about a see my own country with a different eye. So with two powerful kings, each of them rich our country at that time, I wanted to know year of editing. yes, I had many memorable moments and I was glad to read about the diversity of beyond measure – but most importantly, more. countless anecdotes. For me, Kurunegala women of the Middle Ages and to know he showed us a country and a people that ÄÄ Tell us about Ibn Battuta the city was the surprise. It is a historical city that all along, women belonging to prided themselves on religious tolerance and ÄÄ Is Ibn Battuta in Sri Lanka man. Paint us a picture of the that is now disfigured by modernism. But whichever century have found a way to co-existence. Rather than examine how Ibn your first non-fiction book? man you discovered in your scratch under the surface and you uncover make their presence felt Battuta impacted Lanka, we should reflect What was it like writing research. very interesting parts of our own history that Ameena Hussein on what can we learn from the 14th-Century we do not care to remember. Perhaps now, about a real person’s story, When we reflect on any historical country that Ibn Battuta visited, and ask: How we will be more interested in Bhuvaneka especially one from 700 figures that impacted our civilisation, we centuries. In some parts of the world, you did we travel so far from those values? Bahu and Vathimi Kumaraya together with years ago? think of them as being larger than life. still have women who are fettered and his metamorphosis into Gale Bandara. Around 20 years ago, I wrote a book Perhaps this is so, because they have made bound by culture – so it was in those times Chasing Tall Tales and Mystics – Ibn on domestic violence in rural Sri Lanka an indelible mark on the world. That is the ÄÄ Ibn Battuta’s story and work as well. But the women who peppered Ibn titled Sometimes There is No Blood, so Ibn same way I felt about Ibn Battuta. Battuta’s journey were noted because they Battuta in Sri Lanka: A personal allows us some insight into journey is available for sale at Battuta in Sri Lanka, is actually my second I continue to feel admiration for his grit, medieval Middle-Eastern and were different from what he thought women non-fiction book. Writing about a real-life his determination, and single-minded focus should be like. Sarasavi Bookshops, Vijitha Yapa human who lived more than half a century on travel. He was only 21 years old when he Asian women. As a modern He was struck by the equality of Turkish woman, what did it feel like Bookshops, The Jam Fruit Tree ago was quite fascinating. You become left his family to journey into the world. A women and the courtesy they commanded Bookshop, Expographics Books, immersed in a world that no longer exists, mere child in today’s context of a cosseted being able to learn about by their menfolk; impressed by the horse- where hard facts are scarce and you are world. And yet, he showed maturity and these women whose stories riding women of East Asia; shocked by the Urban Island, MILK, Barefoot, struck, by not only the obvious differences courage in many instances at that young are hardly ever told? Maldivian women who did not cover their Pendi, Kalaya, Cargills, and online which one might expect, but also enduring age. However, he was as human as anyone To tell you the truth, the status of upper bodies; surprised at the intelligence at https://www.pererahussein.com. similarities. For instance, the value and else. He had many failings, and he had women has not changed much over the and education of South Indian Muslim

NANOTECHNOLOGY... Professor Ravi Contd. from page 1 Silva in the ATI Lab University of Surrey Prof. Silva has also worked extensively to support the Sri Lankan industry as a Founding Director of the Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology (SLINTEC), a private-public partnership set up in 2008, where he acts as an advisor and sits on the Board of Directors. The Sunday Morning Brunch reached out to Prof. Silva in the wake of his CBE to learn more about his work and his vision for nanotechnology and solar-driven future. ÄÄ What exactly is nanotechnology, and how did you get interested in the field? Nanotechnology is the field Electronics on of research working in the “nano” transparent plastics or one-billionth of a metre, or mathematically 10-9m scale materials and devices. It is working at the limits of where matter can be predictably moved from one position to another to form efficient In an hour, the Earth receives systems. It may feel strange, but the enough energy from the Sun most well-known “nano-machine” President Mahinda Rajapaksa to to power the entire world for societal problems. This is an area the is the human. We humans are a year. Therefore, if we can programmed by DNA strands that help set up SLINTEC. University of Surrey is very strong Despite the prevailing produce inexpensive solar cells in and has been its ethos since its are typically a few nano-metres in that have a payback time of less diameter. On a day-to-day level, a conditions in the country, the foundation. President backed the cabinet paper than a year, this would be a nano-metre is about one-10,000th of wonderful opportunity ÄÄ You are very passionate the diameter of a human hair. to set up SLINTEC in 2006. With I have been working on the help of some fantastic forward- about solar energy. carbon nanotechnology for nearly thinking private sector chairmen forefront of its innovation and Tell us about the three decades. It all started with and chief executive officers (CEOs), exploration. importance of solar my PhD at Cambridge, under SLINTEC was set up as a private- energy and the role it public partnership (PPP) in 2008 ÄÄ You have also led the the supervision of Prof. Gehan setting up of one of can play in the future. Amaratunga, a pioneer in the and has gone from strength to The world is at a crucial state, strength since. the UK’s largest carbon Model of Vantablack field. Since 1995, I moved to in not only its current “operational” carbon nanotubes the University of Surrey and set It is now a premier research nanotechnology labs status with the pandemic affecting up the Carbon Nanotechnology institute in a 50-acre science park in at the University of all society around the world; it is National Trust Sri Lanka in July Industry 4.0 paradigm change activity which has grown to be a Homagama, helping to innovate and Surrey. How did this also at a tipping point when it comes 2019 outlining this titled: “Clean, is based on MEMS (micro- leading activity worldwide. I now value-add to Sri Lankan products come to be? to the world climate. Green, and Free: Solar Electricity electromechanical system) and lead an institute, the Advanced with the help of nanotechnology. Having moved to the University Without routes to decrease for 2035”. NEMS (nanoelectromechanical Technology Institute (ATI) Surrey SLINTEC has helped greatly in the of Surrey from Cambridge the carbon dioxide emissions, we systems) nanotechnology products which has around 150 researchers current Covid pandemic, using its University in 1995, I was fortunate could make our planet unsustainable ÄÄ How can allowing for the sensors to pass on working on different aspects of resources to support the country, and enough to be one of the founders for human habitation within the nanotechnology help the information for both vertically quantum and nanotechnologies will continue to ensure the national in setting up the Advanced next 50 years. As a result, there is Sri Lanka? What role and horizontally-integrated supply with practical applications in interest comes first by providing the Technology Institute in 2001. an urgent need for green energy can it play? systems. energy, manufacturing, and necessary impetus and technology Building the carbon nanotechnology technologies that will not add to Nanotechnology is a greater In Sri Lanka in particular, we industry – some of which include to add maximum value to local group from one person to around carbon emissions. One of the most leveller for technologies. It can can reduce our foreign exchange intelligent displays, anti-bacterial innovations. 20 in the five few years, we are important and significant sources allow for countries with less transactions in fertiliser by going coatings, materials for spacecraft, From tyres to agriculture, around 50 at present and sit within of energy is the Sun. In an hour, the infrastructure and resources to into a nano-fertiliser, we can come nanocomposites for buildings and medicine to energy, wearable the multidisciplinary Advanced Earth receives enough energy from compete with developed nations on up with novel water purification structures, Fourth Generation (4G) tech to textiles, water to minerals; Technology Institute. the Sun to power the entire world for efficiency and production costs. You techniques, we can help in solar solar cells and batteries. nanotechnology has a major role At the ATI we can examine a year. Therefore, if we can produce can make things cheaper, stronger, cell and battery production, we can to play and SLINTEC is at the materials from its ab initio state of inexpensive solar cells that have a more efficient and multifunctional, look for new wearable technologies ÄÄ You are one of the modelling of atoms and molecules, payback time of less than a year, this by incorporating nanoscale features that not only act as your clothing Founding Directors of to nano-scale devices and systems, would be a wonderful opportunity. in products. These can range from material but also your personal SLINTEC. Tell us more and then apply it to much larger This is what we are working on: everyday items such as paints to guardian angel. It is possible to toughen everyday composites, about SLINTEC and Nanotechnology is a greater macroscopic applications such as Fourth Generation (4G) organic- building materials, fertiliser to what they are doing. solar cells and battery storage using inorganic solar cells. In my view, water purification, electronics to make surfaces antibacterial, make leveller for technologies...You medicines more potent with I was fortunate to have met can make things cheaper, novel materials and technologies. within the next two decades, we displays, textiles to rubber products, Prof. Tissa Vitarana in 2005 when We have many industrialists can drop the cost of solar cells such medicines to pharmaceuticals, solar catalytic particles, self-cleaning stronger, more efficient glass and porcelain; to name a he was the Minister in charge and multifunctional, by supporting our activities at the that solar electricity can be provided cells to batteries, etc. of Science and Technology, institute, as without them it is not free of charge and become part of Wherever you look, you will few applications. The list is non- incorporating nanoscale exhaustive – it is as infinite as your and together with his help and features in products possible to scale up to be able to the heritage much like the culture find nanotechnology is present in introduction, approached former provide real-world solutions to we all share in. I gave a talk to The design and fabrication. The new imagination.

the sunday morning brunch editorial [email protected] 011 5200900 the sunday morning brunch 3 Sunday, January 10, 2021 FOOD/TRAVEL

BY DIMITHRI WIJESINGHE Zoukk is the newest pub to enter the streets of Negombo, located next door to Jetwing Blue. A Jetwing property on its own, the pub brings something entirely different to its neighbouring parent property. Making our first official trip outside of Colombo for 2021, we visited the brand-new restaurant and bar on an early Saturday evening, and were greeted by their hospitable outlet manager Duraisamy Deepakshantha – Deepak for short – who gave us the rundown of the property and how they’ve been fairing as the new kid on the block amidst a global pandemic. Sharing a bit more about the origins of Zoukk, Deepak said that it is a fusion restaurant serving primarily Asian cuisine, as their Head Chef is an expert in Asian fusion; they serve up Thai, Malaysian, Singaporean, and Chinese-inspired dishes. Despite the Asian fusion-themed food, the venue offers up an amalgamation of cultures in its beverages, music, and aesthetic, with the name “Zoukk” itself being a Caribbean and Salsa-inspired label. They also don’t shy away from putting their own twist on classic cocktails from around the world, and so we would be hard-pressed to pigeonhole them as this or that as a restaurant. Considering that this is Negombo after all, we were surprised to hear that Eat, drink, Zoukk is the first of its kind offering an air-conditioned venue, where they do not allow any smoking and groove at within the building, for five-star standards at Jetwing Blue, and although they do so patrons will get the hotel standard for have an alfresco Zoukk’s very reasonable restaurant rates. setup. Deepak shared If you’ve got the time to drive on up with us that people to Negombo, then don’t forget to drop by in Negombo love Zoukk, as they are currently offering some to enjoy themselves fantastic deals you wouldn’t want to miss. and that they are a fun-loving bunch. So despite there being a global Zoukk’s Happy Hour – Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays, and pandemic, and it has been He added that while they’ve only ZoukkDuring our brief visit to the restaurant, difficult, he shared, they would Zoukk Outlet Manager Duraisamy been open for two weeks, they were we grasped at the opportunity to try some Sundays from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. imagine that they’re far better off Deepakshantha able to catch the New Year’s Eve of the beverages on offer, including their than most, thanks to the locals, traffic, which they did not expect. signature cocktail called “The Zoukk” – a whom, while being responsible, still prefer Three days prior to 31st night too they had boozy, citrusy affair which really left us to go out and enjoy themselves within a full house and entertained nearly 40 pax, making plans to return. And of course, since reason. despite being a brand-new restaurant. we were in Negombo, we had to ask for a dish with fish in it – we tried their Thai-style garoupa, which was just another reason that made our trip up there worth it. Deepak shared further that they have some fast-moving items which are usually great accompaniments to some of their cocktails and most of their patrons, usually Jetwing Blue gym members, tend to come in for a drink and stay for a meal. He stated that their most popular dishes have proven to be the chilli chicken and, of course, the double side pork, as Negombo people simply love a good pork dish. When it came to service, there was really no surprise at the five-star attention, considering that the staff are in fact trained

overwhelming majority of the country’s population are troubled by a certain move, Prioritising tourism... then transparency should be exercised by the authorities in putting their actions into Contd. from page 1 perspective, in doing so, Tourism Minister Ranatunga said the local response to the It would seem that the project has pilot project has been positive, adding: “We since gone awry, with Sri Lanka Tourism We accept that there were shortcomings. kicked-off this pilot programme last week Development Authority (SLTDA) But what we should do now is not and we have already had a good response Chairperson Kimarli Fernando, in a letter to point fingers at anyone. We can’t keep from tourists and the people who work in the Tourism Minister, pointing out that travel the tourism industry closed forever. We the tourism industry, as most of the drivers agents refrained from sharing the necessary must fix the wrongs and move forward and the tourist guides have also given their information with the SLTDA with regard support.” to the itinerary of the tourists from Ukraine, Tourism Minister Prasanna Ranatunga He said that this breach that we are despite requests made. currently experiencing has been addressed, In a special discussion held World Tourism Organisation’s (UNWTO) the only country having these issues; and that they are ready to move forward, on 4 January, Tourism Minister European Covid-19 Task Force and also whatever countries that are open to tourism adding also that this is not the time to place blame. “We accept that there were PrasannaRanatunga had instructed Where there is a large section of Spain introducing its “Guidelines for are managing accordingly. It’s a situation authorities to take immediate action to Reducing Coronavirus Infection in the where we have to strike a balance between shortcomings. But what we should do now citizens who are deeply concerned by is not point fingers at anyone. We can’t keep prevent a recurrence of the situation that has the effects of this pilot project, and also Tourism Industry”, both of which were done managing the economy and controlling the arisen. in early 2020. Covid situation. the tourism industry closed forever. We must the eventual lifting of the ban on air fix the wrongs and move forward,” said the The Minister also pointed out that so far, travel by the end of January, there is a Lankan authorities also appear to be on It would seem that this is in fact the 12 special attractions have been identified this same track in their attempt to revive the story about moving into the “new normal”. Minister. responsibility on the authorities to take The pilot project is set to end on 19 for tourists visiting the island after a PCR those concerns into consideration tourism industry – the Sri Lanka Association However, the second loudest voice amongst test confirms that they are not infected with of Inbound Tour Operators (SLAITO) the members of the public we spoke to, January, and the Government plans to bring Covid-19. These include the Temple of the Attorney-at-Law Niveda Hariharan has extended their support to the return of proved to be those who wondered whether it in over 2,500 tourists under the project from Tooth Relic, Yala National Park, Minneriya tourism, despite the move triggering three is the priority right now. Russia, Ukraine, and other countries in the National Park, Sigiriya, Dambulla Temple, Covid-19-positive cases. SLAITO Chairman Some members of the general public, region. The Covid-19 crisis has highlighted Udawalawe National Park, Horton Plains, ThilakWeerasinghe, speaking to The Sunday whom we cannot declare irrelevant simply Sinharaja Forest Reserve, Peradeniya When opening for tourism, we have to Morning Brunch, said: “When opening for because they are not directly involved in the global importance of the travel and Botanical Gardens, Pinnawala Elephant be prepared to handle such situations. tourism, we have to be prepared to handle tourism, have expressed their interest in an tourism industry economically, and most Orphanage, whale watching spots, and So long as the necessary guidelines are such situations. So long as the necessary action plan prioritising health, so as to not importantly, the interconnectedness of the Salusala. However, the Central Cultural in place and followed, it’s unlikely this guidelines are in place and followed, it’s risk another outbreak. tourism sector with other industries. The Fund announced that the tours scheduled can reach society unlikely this can reach society.” Attorney-at-Law NivedaHariharan effects of the pandemic such as border restrictions, lockdowns, and social distancing to Polonnaruwa and Sigiriya have since SLAITO Chairman Thilak Weerasinghe Europeans aren’t the only ones making shared that in the recent past, since there been cancelled after the Yala National Park moves to revive their respective tourism has been a recognisable and renewed have affected everyone in the industry, from incident. industries. Indonesia’s recently appointed commitment to sustainable tourism and small tour operators to international hotel who books travels through their agency Since these events have transpired, we Tourism and Creative Economy Minister creative ways to globetrot, is it not possible chains. “Kingfisher Tours”, they shared that to looked into how the public is reacting to the SandiagaSalahuddin Uno had pledged to to look at alternate ways in working towards Therefore, much like what the Tourism their understanding, other countries have current state of things, particularly where focus on reviving the pandemic-stricken the revival of the tourism industry. Minister has expressed, we may have to set been making greater efforts to revive their their concerns lie with regards to the race to tourism industry in 2020 as well, noting also She shared: “Where there is a large aside some of our fear to make adjustments industries in smaller bite-sizes, far earlier revive the tourism industry, with a few key the statistics that show that foreign tourist section of citizens who are deeply concerned for the future, in learning to live with the than this. concerns taking front and centre. arrivals in Indonesia have picked up slightly by the effects of this pilot project and also pandemic, much like those whom are opting The travel agent also referred to the Firstly, a majority of the people we in October, and will continue. the eventual lifting of the ban on air travel by to travel despite having to undergo multiple concentrated efforts by countries like spoke to believed that this wasn’t rushed at People who are all for the revival the end of January, there is a responsibility PCR tests and endure 14-day quarantine – Greece, which presented a “White Paper all, and that we are in fact behind in running of tourism are unsurprisingly those who on the authorities to take those concerns into they have chosen to take back an element of on Recommendations for Restarting these pilot projects and test runs. are part of the industry, with yet another consideration.” normalcy, in learning to live our lives in the Tourism”, on behalf of the United Nations Speaking to a travel agent in Negombo, travel agent saying that Sri Lanka is not While it is a valid concern that if an new normal. 4 the sunday morning brunch RELIGION Sunday, January 10, 2021

PHOTOS LALITH PERERA AND ESHAN DASANAYAKA

WAIT YOUR TURN TO SAY YOUR PRAYERS HOW THE PANDEMIC HAS RESHAPED WORSHIP

BY DIMITHRI WIJESINGHE The new normal in worship for as long as it is required, allowing in This is, of course, not happening only a couple of people at a time and Travelling out of your designated only in Negombo, and nor is it limited only when it is absolutely necessary. zones has remained questionable to one religion or just New Year’s Eve; It is a shame, however, that during Sharing her experience with the and ill-advised, despite everyone every Sri Lankan is experiencing this in new normal, university student Ishara these turbulent times, the freedom Mahawithawa said that things are a little gathering to dawn the new year one way or another, and while it has lent to practise one’s religion in a space itself to difficult times, thankfully it is difficult, particularly due to her elderly with the hopes of achieving some where they feel safe and accepted grandmother. “We are Buddhist and normalcy. However, this hasn’t widely understood that these are necessary precautions. has been restricted my grandmother, who is 84, has been stopped most people from taking a begging for us to take her to the temple Speaking to The Sunday Morning S. Rajagopal, Iyer of Siri Veera Maha trip Down South, up north, or even for the past six months or so, and my Brunch, Church of St. Francis of Assisi, Kaliamman Temple just an hour to Negombo via the Mount Lavinia Vicar Rev. Fr. Malinda De mother has been too scared to take her highway. Mel shared that in Mount Lavinia, “we out. We are quite terrified that in her As we have now come to realise, we too are currently limiting attendance to slot, they have to go for later sessions or current state, she may not be able to must live our lives coupled with precaution 25 people per mass and are attempting to go where it is too crowded, which can be a handle it if she is to somehow contract and safety, and for many of us, an integral come up with effective methods to allow risk for the older members of the family. the virus. part of the lives we lead is our faith – the as many people as possible to have the S. Rajagopal, Iyer of the Siri Veera “I have to say that my family may source of strength we draw from our opportunity to go to church”. He shared Maha Kaliamman Temple on Sea Street, be being a little overprotective, but beliefs and respective religions. Even if that at present, he is conducting four shared that they too have taken steps to we would regret it if we were to take you are not particularly religious yourself, sessions of 25 people for Sundays, and they limit the number of people coming in at a chance. We don’t want to take the it is most likely that your parents are, in are making efforts to ensure there is no any given time. “It is a shame, however, risk. The temple we go to in Nawala is which case dragging your agnostic or repetition of participants the next Sunday that during these turbulent times, the not closed and people visit normally. semi-believer self to a religious institution so that more people get to visit church at freedom to practise one’s religion in a However, they have stopped having has become a staple of your new year least twice a month. space where they feel safe and accepted all of the meditation programmes and celebrations. has been restricted,” said the Iyer of the almsgiving which used to happen Despite the power Asian parents temple. regularly.” I am not particularly religious He added that he is hopeful that Shiva Balachandran, who was myself, but I usually look forward hold over their children, this year they simply were not able to convince you things would soon go back to normal. The recently laid off from the hospitality to going to church on Sunday... We too are currently limiting industry, also shared that while he into pretending to be whatever religion priest senses how many people are deeply for New Year’s Eve, they limited the attendance to 25 people per mass affected by these changes and the inability was not a religious person, whenever your birth certificate says you belong to. number of people who came for the However, especially when it comes to and are attempting to come up to rely on human comfort is making things the new year and other religious those who truly look forward to visiting worse for them than it may actually be. festivals came around, his family service, so we missed that with effective methods to allow as sometimes went to the Kovil. He said their church, mosque, temple, or kovil, it is many people as possible to have the Bosewana Viharaya, Maradana Chief M.B. Wijewardana, shop owner in unlikely that most were able to visit those Incumbent Ven. Godapitiye Indananda his father fasts every Friday, and on Negombo respective places of worship due to social opportunity to go to church Thera shared that currently they have the anniversary of Shiva’s grandfather, distancing requirements. Church St. Francis of Assisi, Mount Lavinia closed the main gates to the temple and his father makes it a point to go to the do not allow anyone inside; however, if Kovil, visit the Iyer, and carry out a Vicar Rev. Fr. Malinda De Mel pandemic, if you are to congregate, then anyone wishes to enter, they are at liberty puja. He said that all of these have not Negombo: A place of faith you will be risking lives.” to kindly request in the morning hours continued since the pandemic spiked in We took a trip to Negombo in the first Imam Yoosuf shared that those to take a stroll inside the temple, and for late October, and since then, they have week of January, where this inability to Fr. De Mel also said that they have of the Islamic faith pray five times a purposes of worship, the entrance space is not gone to the temple. practise one's faith with the freedom they taken other precautions in areas where day and they are obligated to gather at still accessible if one wishes to do a pooja. were used to was heavily felt. The people people come to take communion; he A sense of community lost? the mosque every Friday for special of Negombo, who are a community that does not allow them to kneel – as almost prayers. At these gatherings, attendance places great importance in celebrating life all would – and place their hands on the Considering that most religions operate on a sense of community, it is easily surpasses 200-300 people under and living it to the fullest, shared their step. Also, he uses gloves when offering one roof; however, this is no longer thoughts on how the largely Catholic communion in order to ensure there is no unsurprising that the inability to gather We do not currently accept any has greatly affected the way people are allowed. They have found ways to community was unable to go to church on threat of contamination in any way. alms as well for our meals. We carry out their religious obligations by New Year’s Eve and had to take turns for Speaking to Ezra Jacobs about his able to express their faith. have adapted to preparing our own Umar Yoosuf, Imam from praying at home, and on Fridays, he said the Sunday service. experience with the church having to in the case of his mosque, they carry out We spoke to a number of grocery stores limit the number of visitors, he said: “My meals inside the temple and those Dehiwala, who preaches in several mosques in and around Colombo five half-hour sermons which allow for set up on the main road in Negombo city, on parents were extremely excited when they in the community would deliver a roster to rotate those who attend. Porutota Road, and a number of them shared managed to get registered in time for the dry rations necessary for meals including the Bagathale Mosque in Kollupitiya, shared: “The Islamic faith Much like what Imam Yoosuf that they had to make some changes in their New Year’s Eve midnight mass, which Bosewana Viharaya, Maradana shared about the obligation to life daily and weekly family gatherings because is deeply tied up with the community. was quite sad to see because they were not Chief Incumbent Ven. Godapitiye people have, Rev. Fr. De Mel too they were all centred on getting together to able to go to church these past few months It is community-centric, but despite the Indananda Thera added to this, saying that while it is go to church. as regularly as they would have liked. But importance of congregation, we place higher value on life and not causing understood that it is best to be safe than M.B. Wijewardana, who runs a they are happy to do it because they know sorry, there are people – particularly Ven. Indananda Thera further harm to another person, and during this store and was just closing up when we the risks involved in uncontrolled crowds those who have dedicated their lives shared: “We do not currently accept approached him, shared with us: “I am getting together.” to the church and who wish to come any alms as well for our meals; we not particularly religious myself, but I Attorney-at-Law Ayesh Huda from to their place of worship – who are have adapted to preparing our own usually look forward to going to church Wellawatte also shared his experience with feeling the effects of these restrictions meals inside the temple and those in the on Sunday because afterwards, we have a worship in the new normal, stating that The Islamic faith is deeply tied up the most. To them, he said, much like community would deliver dry rations small family gathering where my mother his family has been going to the mosque with community…But despite the the time when Jesus was resurrected necessary for meals.” It was noted that cooks for everyone and the kids get to every Friday for Jumma, and that they when the Romans were hunting down while Buddhists around the area have importance of congregation, we spend time with their grandparents and have continued to carry out their daily his disciples who were then forced to go expressed interest in holding various place higher value on life and not cousins. So it is a good time. As for New prayers. However, he said there have been into hiding for the greater good and for bodhi pooja and almsgiving, the temple causing harm to another person Year’s Eve, they limited the number of complications because they have to visit their own protection, we too must take has discouraged any and all public people who came for the service, so we the mosque’s website to register or call Umar Yoosuf, Imam from Dehiwala stock of the state of the world and wait gatherings, hoping to stay distanced missed that.” the mosque, and sometimes if they miss a for our time. the sunday morning brunch 5 Sunday, January 10, 2021 Health

intervene. It could be in a subtle when violence occurs, has to be way, like offering our presence discussed. She can be informed and letting the woman know that about health services and support she is not alone, either verbally groups available for help. or by our gestures. Though these may seem like minor acts, they can Prevention by addressing greatly help support the victim. the root cause Not always can we intervene to Violence is rooted in interrupt acts of violence against discrimination and inequality women, such as when our safety is that are upheld by individual compromised. In such a situation, attitudes, beliefs and practices, giving a disapproving look or gesture broader social norms around – however minor the look/gesture gender and violence, and systems may be – could discourage the and structures that replicate this perpetrator. If you believe that there inequality and discrimination. is immediate physical danger and the Addressing the root causes and woman is about to be harmed, you mitigating the risk factors is at the can inform the Police immediately. UoC Faculty of Medicine medical student heart of prevention work. Vismi Wijesena fill that space. Instead of being able to constructively handle emotions, they will take it out on a beloved one or themselves. In relationships, such men are unable to find balance because they have been taught that The shadow their role is to be served rather than to be an active partner in all aspects of life. This worsens the existing crisis of violence against women and girls; all of this because some pandemic of men have learned a harmful way of behaving that they think is inherent in their gender. Overcoming gender norms Covid-19 This can be changed by a Violence against women, and mental health change in our behaviour and attitudes. We need to overcome There is also a 24-hour hotline If we do not address gender norms that restrict boys (1938) maintained by the Ministry that toxic masculinity and girls from accessing their PHOTO GETTY IMAGES of Women and Child Affairs and does exist, while we full potential. Let the boys play Social Security, through which continue to empower with dolls, maybe one day they few decades, however, it appeared information about legal and other young girls to overcome will be great fathers; let the girls BY DR. DINESHANI services could be obtained, said play with building blocks, maybe HETTIARACHCHI SIRISENA that this situation has changed violence against them, and violence against women has Prof. de Zoysa. we may be leaving boys one day they will be successful engineers. Furthermore, we can ith the onset of increased rapidly in Sri Lanka. behind The key place that violence against Support can make a difference dismiss backward cultural ideas of the Covid-19 Being a victim of violence can women starts is in one’s household. One term that comes up aggression and unhealthy sexuality pandemic, the affect one’s mental and physical The most common forms of often in discussions is “toxic by having an open dialogue about primary focus wellbeing. Many don’t want violence against women and girls masculinity”. It is a tricky phrase better ways to behave within has been initially to interfere or get involved in are physical (e.g. beating a woman), that is easily misunderstood, said intimate relationships. That way, we more on physical health. Mental preventing violence against women W sexual violence (e.g. forced sex Prof. de Zoysa. It’s not about need not worry about neither our health concerns linked to the as it may be considered a private in a committed relationship), vilifying boys, men, or any of the daughters nor sons. lockdown also started to surface. family matter. threats (e.g. threatening to leave particular qualities society has However, there was another However, “turning a blind eye” Take home message the relationship or withdraw love), deemed “masculine”. Rather, it pandemic lurking in the shadows; can make matters worse, hence Violence against women emotional violence (e.g. humiliating refers to a negative aggressive there were reports of rising rates supporting someone who is going should certainly not be taboo the woman in public), and economic presentation of being a man. of violence against women and through abuse is essential. Your and open dialogue should be abuse (e.g. misusing the woman’s By acknowledging that toxic increasing mental health concerns support can make a difference. encouraged. Awareness can lead earnings). The increase in reports of masculinity does exist, it is an associated with it. Most women As family or as a friend, one of to positive changes and help build UoC Faculty of Medicine Department of domestic violence against women opportunity to construct a more were confined to their households the most important things you societies that are willing to change Psychiatry Prof. Piyanjali de Zoysa during the pandemic has alerted positive model of masculinity that with violent partners without can do is to listen to the woman’s their attitudes and behaviour. discrimination. Global estimates several organisations, researchers, makes room for the many different any means of escape. Physical story without judging. Your non- Violence against women is a crime indicate that worldwide, about and civil society representatives. ways to be a man or boy. If we do distancing and enforcement of judgmental listening could be a that unfortunately is present at every one in three (35%) women have Prof. de Zoysa went on to say not address that toxic masculinity intermittent curfews made it even great psychological relief to her. societal level, worldwide. Changing experienced either physical and/ that though this fact may be hard does exist, while we continue to harder for these women to share All you have to do is give your the way we stereotype gender can or sexual intimate partner violence to digest, on some level, most of empower young girls to overcome their experiences with anybody, time to inquire and listen about her be a significant way to solve the or non-partner sexual violence in us participate in the culture that violence against them, we may and worse still, to seek support. physical, emotional, financial, and problem. their lifetime. In Sri Lanka, the supports and encourages violence be leaving boys behind. Boys are This, combined with the stress and social concerns in relation to the “Be the change you want to see Demographic and Health Survey against women and girls. This inherently considered extremely economic uncertainty caused by the violence she is going through. It in society. Let the novel ideas on indicated that 17% of women aged may be in both small ways such as masculine, characterised by aspects pandemic, resulted in a heightened is very necessary to help her build gender inequality start with you!” 15-49 years have experienced telling our male friends to “man up” such as their aggression. This risk of violence against women, confidence in herself and to discuss violence from their intimate when they have to do something constant pressure to be strong and which has even led to an increased ways to solve the issue. Something partner during the preceding 12 difficult, and in other ways by tough may have an adverse effect About the writer occurrence of self-harm in these which is commonly seen among months. Indeed, epidemics, such actively turning a blind eye when a on women’s wellbeing and in the The writer, women. In this light, we spoke abused women and girls is they as Covid-19, compound existing male friend is committing violent process, on men too. Dr. Dineshani to University of Colombo (UoC) believe they are at fault. It is of gender inequalities, increasing acts against his partner. Hence, When asked about instances Hettiarachchi Sirisena, Faculty of Medicine Department utmost importance to help them risks of gender-based violence change should begin from within. of toxic masculinity, both Prof. is a family physician of Psychiatry Prof. Piyanjali de understand that it is not their fault. and exploitation and abuse of de Zoysa and Wijesena explained with a special interest Zoysa and UoC Faculty of Medicine Whether she intends to stay in a women. Hence, women and girls How to intervene if we witness that a childhood immersed in in rare genetic diseases and medical student Vismi Wijesena to violent relationship or wants to be are disproportionately affected toxic masculinity often leads to regenerative medicine currently get a glimpse of the current situation. violence against women separated, it is important to think by epidemics. Traditionally, Sri men being incapable of living working as a lecturer at the Prof. de Zoysa stated that If we do witness or hear of about how she can be protected Lankan society has held women independently. Instead of being able Department of Anatomy, Faculty even before the Covid-19 crisis, violence against women and girls, as from further abuse. A way she can in esteem though our society has to cook their meals and do their of Medicine, University of violence against women was deeply a responsible citizen and a humane alert you/others when she feels been patriarchal. During the last laundry, they wait for a woman to Colombo, Sri Lanka. rooted in inequality and gender adult, there are many ways we can unsafe, or a plan to protect herself

age 50 need 25 g of fibre per day. For people 51 and older, less fibre is necessary: 30 g of Getting adequate amount of fibre has several health benefits daily fibre for men and 21 g for women. ÄÄ Dear Mayo Clinic, my doctor constipation by helping to bulk up and soften include vegetables and fruits of all types; Getting enough fibre in your gluten- is recommending a trial of a stool, making it easier to pass. It also may whole grains that do not contain gluten, such free diet may take some adjusting, but it’s gluten-free diet to see if my lower the risk of hemorrhoids, pouches in the as brown rice, quinoa, buckwheat, corn, possible that you’ll be eating healthier than digestive symptoms improve. colon (diverticulosis), and colon cancer. A popcorn, and oats that are labelled gluten- before, as you incorporate a wider variety of Can I still get enough fibre high-fibre diet also may improve cholesterol free; beans, peas, and lentils; and nuts and fibre-rich foods into your diet. In addition, without eating bread and levels, control blood sugar, and help you seeds, preferably raw or roasted, and with by cutting out less healthy gluten-containing maintain a healthy weight. minimal salt. foods – particularly low-fibre, processed bran flakes? Gluten is a protein found in grains such Other food products that are labelled foods, such as baked goods – you may even It is possible to get enough fibre, even as wheat, barley, and rye. In the US, these gluten-free, such as breads, pancake mixes, find that your fibre intake improves. without eating foods you may typically grains are a major source of dietary fibre. A snack bars, or pasta, also can contribute to Kevin Ruff, M.D., Gastroenterology, associate with good sources of fibre, such as switch away from consuming them could fibre intake in varying amounts. bran flakes and bread. And that’s important, eliminate a major source of fibre in your The amount of fibre recommended for Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz. because getting an adequate amount of fibre diet. However, there are a wide variety of men and women varies, and is based on your DISTRIBUTED BY TRIBUNE each day has several health benefits. Fibre high-fibre foods, including many grains, age. Men younger than 50 should aim for 38 CONTENT AGENCY, LLC. ALL RIGHTS is best known for preventing and relieving that are naturally gluten-free. These foods g of fibre every day. Women younger than RESERVED. 6 the sunday morning brunch WILDLIFE/TRAVEL Sunday, January 10, 2021 S A F A R I JEEP DRIVERS IN FOCUS

KICKSTARTING A typical safari jeep used in TOURISM: Sri Lanka Ranatunga, Pradeep Anura don’t have to be Kumara, speaking to The Sunday quarantined for 14 days Morning Brunch shared that a YAYS AND NAYS after just one three-hour trip into the last-minute delay in the final health either park, as we need to consider their guideline confirmation process was temporarily livelihood while making sure not to what resulted in the drawbacks in stopped working compromise on public health and BY DINITHI GUNASEKERA the project deployed at Yala. “The as safari jeep drivers or have Covid guidelines.” tourist operators were unaware of completely resigned, according to While humbly admitting that Following countless months of a prolonged halt to tourism, the guidelines at the time of the trip Priyantha and Keerthi. he is “no expert in planning such a the key player in Sri Lanka’s economy, Sri Lanka welcomed its deployment and therefore, had not Priyantha affirmed that the programme”, Dr. Pilapitiya shared a first foreign tourists – 185 Ukrainians on 28 December 2020 – informed us, and in turn, the drivers employees that work with them are basic outline, within the span of his amidst some raised eyebrows and the steady growth of Covid’s were not informed of a quarantine well-trained, experienced drivers knowledge, to be considered. procedure. The co-ordination second wave in the island. who have qualified under the “There are over 1,000 safari between the relevant bodies was Prompted by major concerns training of the SLTDA and National jeeps providing safari services to lacking due to the last-minute over the complete collapse of the Tourist Guide Training Programme visitors. Over 90% of these vehicles delays.” country’s hospitality industry, the and they have ample knowledge are single cabs, with a modified, He assured us that the relevant We were in high spirits. The Ukrainian chartered flights were on many aspects of wildlife, such open rear area for passengers. This organisations were advised with struggling drivers saw a future an act of easing the pressure on the as birdwatching, etc. With the means that the driver is separated by immediate effect to make efforts to for themselves. However, instead, heavily tourism-reliant economy. ongoing situation, it is becoming a glass partition from the passengers better communicate with the relevant they were met with a sizable team Over 500 Ukrainians have thus far increasingly difficult to retain such seated in the rear open area of the authorities, and it can be assured that of army officials who brought arrived (as of 4 January) and nine well-oiled personnel within the vehicle. Many of these vehicles have the situation of these projects would with them the news of the sudden more services bringing 200 tourists sector. modified the glass partition so that be far better in collaboration with quarantine procedures each are expected until 24 January. “We have been tending to the there is a sliding window so that the more tour organisations and foreign Yala Jeep Owners’ Association Recent media reports of an needs of these drivers who have driver could open the glass partition countries after 21 January 2021, with President Ajith Priyantha uproar among the jeep drivers lost their livelihoods, to the best of to speak to the passengers in the the reopening of Katunayake. and tour guides, who assisted the our abilities since March 2020,” rear. Alas, among the 1,000-plus Priyantha explained. “With the Ukrainian tourists under the pilot Tourism dependents suffer safari vehicles, about 50-100 safari project in touring the Yala National The tourist operators were circumstances, most of them have jeeps have a glass partition that is not According to the Sri Lanka gone in search of other occupations Park and were promptly instructed to unaware of the guidelines at the Tourism Development Authority Many of these tourists were not openable. be quarantined for 14 days, also shed time of the trip deployment and such as permanent driving jobs, even wearing masks. If we were “In my view, the first criterion (SLTDA), wildlife parks earned a fishing, and other manual labour- light on the alleged lack of proper therefore, had not informed us... combined revenue of Rs. 2.14 billion informed earlier that the health for selecting a safari vehicle for these execution of the pilot project. The co-ordination between the based work. Now within our stalls, status of the tourists was not foreign tourists should be the un- ($ 11.3 million) in 2018, accounting we have very limited personnel. relevant bodies was lacking due to for 17% of total tourism receipts. 100% secure and that we would openable glass partition separating Safari jeep drivers speak up the last-minute delays A person with 10 jeeps has only have to be quarantined post-trip, the driver from the passengers.” The Sunday Morning Brunch Data suggests that 47% of all foreign enough personnel to run three jeeps Tourism Minister’s Media Secretary visitors to the island also visited a the situation would be different He repeated that the first reached out to Independent Jeep Pradeep Anura Kumara regularly.” Independent Jeep Drivers’ selection criteria should be free from Drivers’ Association Yala President national park in 2018, of which Yala So far, 200 jeeps have National Park is the most renowned. Association Yala President political connections or friendships. P.D. Keerthi for a review of the reportedly been sold just within the The tour organiser should arrange for incident that caused concern. The country’s parks have been Yala premises. Some have handed P.D. Keerthi explained Keerthi. closed to the public since March the purchase of the entrance tickets According to him, 28 jeeps were “If we were informed earlier that over these jeeps to the relevant without the drivers’ involvement. assigned to escort the tourists via 2020, thereby adversely affecting leasing companies as they are Tissamaharama”, which has further the health status of the tourists was the dependents of the Sri Lankan “There are two locations political involvement. He also not 100% secure and that we would unable to pay the dues, and others discouraged local visits. that people are permitted to alleged that the quarantine procedure tourism industry, such as tour guides, have permanently left the industry This observed phenomenon is a have to be quarantined post-trip, the hoteliers, and jeep drivers. As of disembark from the vehicle in that the drivers would be subjected to situation would be different. If that for more stable sources of income. short-term and potentially long-term Yala National Park, but for these was purposefully concealed with the 2020, more than 700 safari jeeps If the industry loses such threat to the local leisure industry. was the case, more safety measures actively offer tours inside the Yala tours, disembarkation should not be assumption that it would discourage would have been deployed from our experienced and qualified people It seems the attempts to strengthen permitted – if it is a three-hour safari, the drivers from taking up the National Park. Most are financed at the brink of the new normal, the international tourism industry side in the very least and the drivers through leasing facilities, leaving the I am sure that this is possible, as long assigned trips. The drivers were to be themselves would not suddenly find it not only adversely affects the may inevitably be cancelled out as the passengers are informed prior quarantined in a far off place, he said, owners struggling to pay dues. protection of wildlife but also the in the face of seemingly reckless themselves in a difficult situation “After the authorities showed to starting the safari, that there will but after the intervention of the jeep financially.” safety of the people from potential measures. be no rest stops for three hours. In driver associations, they are currently signs of rebooting the collapsed threats of wildlife. From the side of Media Secretary to the Minister tourism industry, we were in high The best of both this manner, it is possible to keep quarantined at Hotel Lakepin, of Tourism and Aviation Prasanna the Government, there has thus far the driver and the passengers from Tissamaharama. spirits. The struggling drivers saw been no assistance or efforts made worlds: How? a future for themselves. However, interacting,” he elaborated. Yala Jeep Owners’ Association to retain these drivers systematically The opinion of the office instead, they were met with a sizable Accounting to Dr. Pilapitiya, President Ajith Priyantha echoed and no allowances or benefits have bearers of the jeep driver team of army officials who brought 75% of the drivers are not adequately Keerthi’s sentiments, that the job been offered, according to the associations was that the with them the news of the sudden knowledgeable in the interpretation should ideally have been equally associations’ office bearers. methodology of the project that quarantine procedures,” shared of wildlife behaviour, although there distributed among the three main is being carried out is highly Priyantha, speaking on behalf of the are some knowledgeable enough to safari jeep associations in Yala. Rebooting the economy: inapt, given the seriousness of the association he represents. interpret wildlife behaviour and may “If you are attempting to At what cost? situation. “They were breadwinners of want to interact with passengers. If kickstart the struggling tourism “How can we continue to Former Department of Wildlife their households who were expecting Sri Lanka Tourism wants to promote economy again, it has to be done be the drivers of the tourism Conservation (DWC) Director to get back to their families in the tourism under the current Covid fairly and systematically,” he said. industry at the brink of this new General Dr. Sumith Pilapitiya, evening, not to be carried off and conditions, the involved authorities “We were met with a payment normal if our employees are speaking to The Sunday Morning dumped in an unknown, rundown should make efforts to connect of only Rs. 5,000 per jeep, out of constantly quarantined or, even Brunch, stressed on the need for a place unaware. It’s like they were the two parties via devices such as which the driver would only receive worse, not guaranteed with safety detailed plan in carrying out such a arrested. We do not know what the walkie-talkies. Rs. 700,” revealed Keerthi. He reassurance?,” questioned Priyantha, project. conditions and the immediate needs “However, I would like expressed that for these drivers, adding: “They are risking their “Even the SLTDA was not of their families are; if they are in a to emphasise that this is my being quarantined for 14 days with Even the SLTDA was not lives.” involved in implementing this condition to get by without the daily opinion and I have no public no livelihood is the biggest issue. involved in implementing this According to him, there is activity, as the Chairperson’s letter wage,” he expressed. health expertise, so consultation For 10-12 months, they have been activity…The first lesson from notable reluctance and a complete to the Minister clearly stated. The of a public health expert by the suffering with no mode of steady this episode is that when such Upholding the safari jeep drop of locals at the Yala premises first lesson from this episode is organising authorities is crucial if flow of income; with the situation a programme is undertaken, post the Ukranian tourist arrival. that when such a programme is such measures are to be taken into at hand, they are facing a double experts have to be involved in the excursion industry: This has been supposedly undertaken, experts have to be account,” concluded the wildlife burden. planning process A no-show? exacerbated by a video on social involved in the planning process,” expert and enthusiast, reinstating the “According to the observations Former DWC Director General Due to the collapse of the media that includes an individual Dr. Pilapitiya said. importance of multiple stakeholder of our drivers, many of these tourists Dr. Sumith Pilapitiya tourism industry locally and who is berating the Ukrainians “Secondly, it should be done in consultation towards better decision- were not even wearing masks,” internationally, many drivers have who “dismantled the beauty of such a way that the safari jeep drivers making. the sunday morning brunch 7 Sunday, January 10, 2021 GAMES/TOONS

SOLUTION FOR 27 DECEMBER 9 Roughly one-third of Africa 58 Prepares ham for an 10 Where embryos develop omelet, say CROSSWORD CLUES Crossword 11 Emcee’s lapel attachment 59 Gain popularity on Twitter Across 52 Firecracker part 84 Give it a whirl 12 Like GIs in the kitchen 60 Car washer, at times 1 Fighting, after “at” 53 “Toy Story” bully 85 Cost to play 13 Cream cheese serving 63 Bassoon cousins 5 Fabled loser 54 Evaded the bouncer, maybe 86 Brut, compared to sec 14 Play badly? 65 Send to the Hill 9 Battle of heavyweights 55 Bat-maker’s tool 87 Ate, with “down” 15 Cross above an altar 66 Currency of Jordan 13 Nail alternative 56 Go through quickly 88 Words with stew or pickle 16 Vowel-rich lake 69 Migratory herring 18 Turkish currency 57 Reserve, as a date 89 Tender spots 17 Join with a blowtorch 70 Portray fury or fear 19 Not quite round 59 Home with smoke flaps 91 Took a chance 20 Rubs clean 71 Spread, as seed 20 Luxury sheet material 60 Dancing pro 93 Adorn with sequins 23 Anna of “The Emoji Movie” 73 X-Acto knife cut 21 Slopping the hogs, e.g. 61 Suffix suggesting wealth 97 Toyed with, cat-style 25 Wobble 74 Skin cream additive 22 *Smell awful 62 Ulna locale 99 Coming and going 28 Hotels.com quotes 77 Venice features 24 *Do a garage job 64 Chaplin of “Game of 103 *Walk off the job 31 *Speculate, in a way 78 Respond to reveille 26 Shove off Thrones” 105 *Cause a disturbance 33 *Have what it takes 79 Manufactured 27 Like loud crowds 65 Drew out 107 Photoshop, e.g. 35 Horse-and-buggy group 81 Homes for gliders 29 Applied fragrant 67 Many airport rides 108 Printer powder 36 Four-page sheet 82 Suds maker hair dressing to 68 E is the only vowel 109 “Winning __ everything” 37 *Do a washday chore 83 Placement word 30 Tire pattern that doesn’t begin any 110 Austen classic 39 Magneto’s enemies 86 Ducklings’ dads 32 Golden of their names 111 Stains on reputations 41 Slipper, for one 87 Reaches a peak 34 Hanoi holiday 72 Napkin material 112 Knocks out, in a way 42 *Try to deceive one of 88 Chesapeake Bay, e.g. 35 Social function 73 Unemotional 113 Flat-nosed dogs the base runners 90 Offer a view 38 “Cast of thousands” 74 Destiny and source of 114 Like some pockets 43 Big-box store division 92 Winery process member the phoenix 44 Rodeo bovine 93 Worker during a walkout Down 40 Davis Cup org. 75 Managed care gp. 46 Take out 94 Dark cloud 1 Auto pioneer 42 Many Eng. degrees 76 Some eligible receivers 47 __ Banks 95 Choral part 2 Potentially ruinous 45 Othello and kin 77 Informed, with “in” 50 Minibike relative 96 Kett of old comics 3 “Doggone it!” 46 Titled women 78 Communion site 51 Cantina appetizers 98 Faucet annoyance 4 Reacted to a punch 47 Last checkbox, often 79 Frigate front 52 Shrek’s love 100 Point a finger at 5 More saintly 48 Set aflame 80 Tourist’s rental 54 “The Elements of Bridge” 101 Coin depicting a torch 6 St. Teresa’s home 49 Misfortunes 81 Nitpickers split them author Charles 102 Totally lose it 7 “Norma __” 50 Tom and buck 82 Of great scope 55 Having one’s doubts 104 Obey the coxswain Entries should be written clearly and addressed to: The Features Editor, The Sunday Morning, 8 Designer Schiaparelli No. 91, Wijerama Mawatha, Colombo 7 to reach us on or before 12 noon on 20 January, 2021. 51 SAT prep teacher, often 83 Composed tweets, say 56 Turnips and parsnips 106 Pac-12 sch. Write “The Sunday Morning Brunch”, on the top left hand corner of the envelope. Name: ...... Address: ...... Contact No: ...... Bank account details: ...... (Account number, bank name, branch name, and name as per bank account)

Sudoku LAST WEEK’S SOLUTION Complete the grid so each row, column and 3-by-3 box (in bold borders) contains every digit 1 to 9. For strategies on how to solve Sudoku, visit www.sudoku. org.uk. Distributed by Tribune Content

Agency. All (Answers next week) rights reserved. (Last week’s) 8 the sunday morning brunch PEOPLE/EVENTS Sunday, January 10, 2021 Keells introduces It’s not about talking ‘compostable bags’ but about ACTing for top crust bread SLDF to hold landmark virtual festival under the theme ‘impACT’ In their journey to reduce the impact on the environment BY NAVEED ROZAIS Keells became the to choose from, giving edition bag. Parsons School of Design | first retailer in Sri Lanka to customers options to shop It is encouraging make a bold commitment with less polythene. Using to witness the positive The New School Professor in July 2019, embarking environmentally friendly changes in customer of Innovation and Design on a journey to reduce material for selected in- shopping behaviour Bruce Nussbaum once by 50% in-store single- store point-of-sale material resulting in more than said: “When people talk use polythene bags and as well as seasonal décor 40,000 customers bringing about innovation in this prepared single-use plastic have been other initiatives their own bags to stores decade, they really mean food packaging by the year implemented by the Keells and a significant number design.” Said in the 2010s, 2025. This was a major team, going above and of customers bringing their it is even more valid today step forward in the effort to beyond the commitments own containers for fish, as we move into 2021, SLDF Founder and AOD Former Prime Minister of Bhutan Artist Spotlight for SLDF 2021 Chairperson Linda Speldewinde Tshering Tobgay Anoma Wijewardene reduce the overall impact to reduce the impact on the meat, and bakery items. and Sri Lankan innovation on the environment among environment. Continuous training for is as design-driven and festival will be held virtually. whilst bringing in much-needed renowned Sri Lankan artist other initiatives such as The latest introduction the Keells team is also Taking place from 15 to 17 new exports through design- Anoma Wijewardene will be investing in renewable is the compostable bags for part of a larger plan to impactful as that of any January, SLDF 2021 will driven innovation. featured as the Artist Spotlight energy, encouraging the Keells Top Crust Bread, ensure to strive and change global power. showcase Sri Lankan design “We want to inspire of SLDF 2021, showcasing recycling and redistribution a fast-moving product. The behaviours and take all 2020 saw the launch of to a global audience through people to focus on creating some of her exclusive work on of excess fresh produce. polythene bag it was sold in stakeholders along on this Sri Lanka’s first dedicated various collaborations and impact no matter what they do art, captivating transformation, The journey has now been replaced with journey. report to our creative industries international partnerships. and by way of bringing their inclusivity-diversity unity, commenced in July 2019 a compostable bag making “We will continue on spearheaded by the British own authenticity and personal and climate change. Another with several initiatives it an environmentally our journey to reduce our Council Sri Lanka, highlighting leadership to the fore,” SLDF highlight being the keynote being implemented to friendly option. The Rs impact on the environment the potential of Sri Lankan Founder and AOD Chairperson speech by Tshering Tobgay, replace polythene and .4 discount has also been and where possible creativity and innovation, and Linda Speldewinde said, former Prime Minister of plastics with sustainable extended to customers who strive to go above and noting that in 2014, the creative We want to inspire people adding: “The pandemic has Bhutan, the only carbon- alternatives. Compostable choose to bring their own beyond the commitments economy’s contribution to Sri to focus on creating impact taught us more than anything neutral country in the world, bags at fish, meat, and containers to purchase fish, made,” said John Keells Lanka’s GDP (gross domestic no matter what they do that it’s not about talking but as he shares his insights on the fresh counters replacing meat, and bakery items, Group President – Retail product) was over $ 840 million. and by way of bringing about ACTing and it has forced harmony between sustainability the polythene roller bags; providing a further incentive Charitha Subasinghe. 2020 also saw the creative their own authenticity and us to do so. We always knew and economics reflecting on introducing paper straws to customers to shop “We sincerely thank our industry face a great deal of personal leadership to the what was right but the action Bhutan’s success in this front. at juice counters; and environmentally friendly. valuable customers for challenges, and against this fore was miles away. It’s the same The festival will be open to introducing the “bring your A limited-edition their continuous feedback, backdrop, it is more important SLDF Founder and AOD for all countries and that’s what the public for free and requires own container” for fish, reusable bag adorned encouragement, and than ever to celebrate the Chairperson we want for ours, Sri Lanka only prior online registration meat, and bakery products with an image reflecting most importantly, their power of design. Setting a Linda Speldewinde our Innovation Island! We now for joining. A partnership with were some of the initiatives the views of children willingness to gradually new national benchmark, the have the chance to reset and the Ministry of International introduced in the past. for a safer and beautiful change shopping habits, Academy of Design (AOD) In its 10th year, SLDF create an impACT.” Relations will ensure all To incentivise environment will be and look forward to more has conceptualised Sri Lanka 2021 will focus on the theme The three-day virtual missions abroad and diplomatic customers, a Rs. 4 discount released mid-January. This customers and partners Design Festival 2021 (SLDF), “impACT”, driving home festival will include over missions in Sri Lanka help is given every time a was a culmination of a joining us in our journey with the purpose of promoting the importance of sustainable 40 different segments and promote engagement and reusable bag is used when children’s day competition to reduce the impact the country’s “designed and design, innovation initiatives, showcase over 50 different connections that will lead shopping and a range of on drawings submitted on the environment made in Sri Lanka” initiatives and the creative industries in eminent personalities to meaningful commercial different bags have been under the theme of a “safer together, regardless of the through a series of virtual helping Sri Lanka find its way comprising designers, design- collaborations for the country introduced, such as net and beautiful environment”, challenging circumstances fashion showcases, design through the pandemic and led industries, craft and SME through the post-festival period. bags for fresh produce, and the winner’s drawings we face at the moment, as it exhibitions, forums, and into the new normal. Under (small and medium enterprise) rice bags, and other bags were used to create the print is together that such change workshops that focus on product the theme “impACT”, the sector makers, artists, young at varied price points reflected on this limited- can be achieved.” innovation, sustainable design, For more information art, and creative industries. virtual festival will showcase entrepreneurs, speakers, on SLDF and to register, Sri Lanka’s largest fashion and design initiatives celebrities, and like-minded please visit the SLDF celebration of design, SLDF that motivate the industry to enthusiasts. website on https://www. Nawaloka Hospitals maintains 2021 marks the first time the ACT now and create a positive Amongst many exciting srilankadesignfestival.lk/. stringent safety protocols impact in a meaningful way segments and speakers, globally In a bid to offer Sri Lankans safe ® access to quality and affordable healthcare, Babybear launches online store private healthcare provider Nawaloka Hospitals has further strengthened its in- hospital safety protocol against the rapidly The newly launched www. making it the number one online evolving Covid-19 pandemic. babybear.lk will soon list more destination for Sri Lankan Based on guidelines imposed by the than 12,000 international and mums, dads, and parents-to-be. World Health Organisation (WHO) and local products for mums, babies, As a specialist e-commerce Sri Lanka’s Ministry of Health (MOH), the and mums-to-be, and has been solutions company, Antyra hospital has actioned numerous innovative categorised to make it easy for has helped Sri Lankan brands and stringent measures to ensure staff, anyone and everyone. generate over Rs. 10 billion in patient, and visitor safety. Nawaloka’s The exquisite baby sales online. Using our expertise safety protocol also considers global accessory store Babybear® and experience, we have created research conducted on mitigating numerous Boutique launched its website From left: Antyra Solutions AM – Projects Eshan Fernando, AM – Client Servicing a unique online shopping www.babybear.lk at a unique Usitha Dheerasinghe, CEO Niranka T. Perera, Babybear MD Rae Devadason, Dilani platform for Babybear, with the risk factors and sources of exposure or De Silva, RM Nilanthi Kulatunga, and Global Payments RM Thouseef Ahmed transmission. event held online at its flagship aim of translating their offline “While the Covid-19 pandemic super store at No. 35, Pagoda Babybear® Managing Director corporates and international market dominance to a truly continues to evolve in the country, Nawaloka Hospitals staff at work Road, Nugegoda recently. (MD) Rae Devadason noted: hotel chains, to develop a online, mobile-first experience.” it is important to understand that our The hospital premises are thoroughly The event celebrated mothers “During the lockdown in Sri state-of-the-art e-commerce Babybear also partnered hospitals remain safe and open to care disinfected every 12 hours, and strict social and babies with a panel Lanka due to Covid-19, we platform www.babybear.lk, as with Global Pay and Dialog for our communities, especially for distancing procedures are enforced at every discussion, mums and mums- had many of our clientele well as partnered with Global Genie to provide secure whom continuity of care is critical due to juncture while all medical personnel are to-be networking opportunities, desperately looking for ways to Payments, Dialog Genie, and payment solutions. Global implications caused by chronic illnesses. geared with masks and personal protective tutorial sessions, and much obtain quality baby essentials, CityPak (Hayleys) to enhance Payments’ Regional Manager This situation also calls upon every Sri equipment (PPE). more. hospital list items, and other the customers’ store-to-home (RM) Thouseef Ahmed stated: Lankan to redouble efforts in fending off Nawaloka Hospitals has also In its new offering, baby products from one secure experience.” “We are proud to partner this pandemic. We encourage everyone innovated measures to care for patients products are categorised by and trusted location. While The platform also offers with babybear.lk to bring the to help keep their communities safe while preventing the spread of the disease. age of babies or toddlers. Other we facilitated and personally customers the ability to join highest possible secure payment and help limit the spread of the virus by Innovative practices like drive-thru lab essentials include hooded delivered orders over the phone, Babybear’s loyalty schemes solutions to customers. Our remaining vigilant in wearing masks, social testing and channelling, home visit PCR towels, swaddling blankets, via SMS, and through our social with discounts and benefits 3D secure and tokenisation distancing, and maintaining good hand and lab tests solutions, home delivery of feeding bottles, nappies, media channels during that galore for frequent shoppers. technology ensures customers hygiene.” Nawaloka Hospitals Deputy medication and telehealth consultations diapers, mackintoshes, baby- challenging time, we felt the The Babybear “Bear Club” enjoy repeat purchases with Chairman Harshith Dharmadasa stated. were immediately launched to enable proofing items, cots, strollers dire need for a sophisticated will also host periodic events ease. We wish all at Babybear With the rapid spread of Covid-19 patients to continue their medical care and travel strollers, and many e-commerce website that not for mums, mums-to-be, and the very best and look forward across most communities in the without visiting the hospital physically. more exquisite items. Babybear only included all our products even the dads on subjects to a mutually beneficial country, Nawaloka Hospitals’ Covid-19 “The highly experienced and deeply also has mums-to-be in mind but also gave our customers that really matter for better relationship.” with a range of maternity wear, easy access, online payment parenting as well as playdates preparedness plan is geared to prevent committed team at Nawaloka Hospitals Babybear will carry out and control the spread of infection and has worked hard to implement a host of shoes, and clothing, as well as a security, and so much more. and book readings for little range of hand-crafted soaps and “We further realised ones as they grow. Speaking islandwide delivery through avoid situations of public panic in the safety measures that are in line with the CityPak (Hayleys) while it event of detecting a suspected case. All directives set by the Ministry of Health and international shower gel brands the vast opportunity to take at the event, Antyra Solutions to soothe and pamper the mom- our products to the world. Chief Executive Officer currently has two brick and patients, caregivers, visitors, and healthcare the WHO. This is to ensure that all those mortar stores at Level 4, One professionals who enter Nawaloka who seek healthcare during this time have to-be during her pregnancy. For We partnered with Antyra (CEO) Niranka T. Perera said: parents with toddlers, babybear. Solutions, Sri Lanka’s leading “Antyra is proud to partner with Galle Face Mall and No. 35, Hospitals or Labs undergo a thorough unhindered, affordable, and safe access to Pagoda Road, Nugegoda, triage at entry, with strict sanitisation, it, thereby bringing our world-class system lk also stocks educational toys, integrated digital agency which Babybear to introduce such books, and party items. has developed site solutions for a large range of baby goods which are open daily from 10 social distancing, and non-contact of healthcare to the masses,” Dharmadasa a.m. to 8 p.m. temperature checks in place. continued. Speaking at the launch, some of Sri Lankans’ top tier to the Sri Lankan consumer,

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