Official Website of Ilocos Norte)

Initial Environmental Examination

Project Number: 48325-001 July 2015

PHI: 150 MW Burgos Wind Farm Project Transmission Line and Jetty

Section 11 – Heritage and Cultural Assessment Section 12 – Traffic, Access and Safety Assessment

(Part 5 of 14)

Prepared by EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation and the Asian Development Bank.

The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “Terms of Use” section of this website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Table of contents

1. Introduction...... 1

2. Project Description ...... 1

3. Assessment Methodology ...... 1 4. Land Use Assessment ...... 1

5. Noise and Vibration Assessment ...... 1

6. Biodiversity and Conservation ...... 1 7. Marine Ecology and Seawater Quality ...... 1

8. Water and Drainage Assessment ...... 1

9. Soil and Groundwater Contamination Assessment ...... 1 10. Air Quality Assessment ...... 1

11. Heritage and Cultural Assessment ...... 11-1 11.1 Introduction ...... 11-1 11.2 Legislation ...... 11-1 11.3 Assessment Methodology ...... 11-2 11.4 Baseline Conditions ...... 11-3 11.5 Potential Sources of Impacts and Mitigation ...... 11-20 11.6 Conclusions ...... 11-25 11.7 References ...... 11-26

Table index

Table 11-1 Types of heritage ...... 11-2

Table 11-2 Cultural and Natural Heritage in Burgos ...... 11-4

Table 11-3 Cultural and Natural Heritage in Pasuquin ...... 11-7 Table 11-4 Cultural and Natural Heritage in Bacarra ...... 11-9

Table 11-5 Cultural heritage in Laoag City ...... 11-12

Table 11-6 National Heritage Sites in Ilocos Norte ...... 11-16 Table 11-7 Areas of Cultural and Natural Significance in Ilocos Norte ...... 11-17

Table 11-8 Summary of Impact on Historical and Cultural Resources during Operation and Maintenance Phase ...... 11-20 Table 11-9 Key impacts and proposed mitigation/enhancement measures ...... 11-25

Figure index

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | i

Figure 11-1 Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites in the Municipality of Burgos ...... 11-6

Figure 11-2 Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites in the Municipality of Pasuquin ...... 11-8 Figure 11-3 Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites in the Municipality of Bacarra ...... 11-11

Figure 11-4 Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites in Laoag City ...... 11-14

Figure 11-5 Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites in the Province of Ilocos Norte ...... 11-19 Figure 11-6 Towers BL001 to BL019 along the Access Road leading to Palpalokada Landscape and Kapurpurawan Rock Formation ...... 11-23

Figure 11-7 Tower BL031 along the Access Road leading to Cape Bojeador ...... 11-24

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11. Heritage and Cultural Assessment

11.1 Introduction

This section presents the potential environmental, social and visual impacts of the Transmission Line and Jetty Projects to the identified heritage and cultural resources within the project site and Ilocos Norte, and the proposed mitigation measures to address the potential impacts.

11.2 Legislation

The following sections briefly describe legislation relating to identification and management of heritage and cultural resources in the Philippines.

11.2.1 National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009

The National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009 (RA 10066) provides for the protection, conservation and promotion of the national cultural heritage, its property and histories and the ethnicity of local communities, and establishment and strengthening the National Commission for the Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and its affiliated cultural agencies, and protection of cultural workers and ensuring their professional development and well-being.

11.2.2 Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009

The IRR provides guidelines for the implementation of the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009. The provisions of the IRR include the following.

The State shall foster the preservation, enrichment, and dynamic evolution of a Filipino national culture based on the principle of unity in diversity on a climate of free artistic and intellectual expression.

The arts and letters shall enjoy the patronage of the State. The State shall conserve, promote, and popularise the nation’s historical and cultural heritage and resources, as well as artistic creations.

All the country’s artistic and historic wealth constituted the protection of the State, which may regulate its disposition.

The State shall recognize, respect and protect the rights of indigenous cultural communities to preserve and develop their cultures, traditions and institutions. It shall consider these rights in the formulation of national plans and policies.

11.2.3 Law creating the National Commission for Culture and the Arts

Republic Act 7356 is the Act creating the NCCA in the Philippines. It is the overall policymaking body, coordinating, and grants-giving agency for the preservation, development and promotion of Philippine arts and culture. It is also an executing agency for the policies it formulates, and tasked to administer the National Endowment Fund for Culture and the Arts (NEFCA)—fund exclusively for the implementation of culture and arts programs and projects.

11.2.4 The Rule of the NCCA on Pleading, Practice and Procedure in Heritage Cases

These rules shall apply to all heritage cases involving petitions for declaration, delisting, appeals on issuance of export permits, issuance of cease and desist orders, compulsory repair orders and violations of the prescriptive provisions of the National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009.

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11.3 Assessment Methodology

11.3.1 Types of Heritage Resources

Types of heritage covered in this assessment are presented in Table 11-1. The classifications were used as guide in conducting the inventory of the heritage sites and resources in the locality.

Table 11-1 Types of heritage Type of heritage Definition Archaeological heritage Elements of archaeological heritage pertains to all remains and objects and any other traces of humankind from the past, which include structures, constructions, group of buildings, developed sites, moveable objects, monuments of other kinds as well as their context, whether situated on land or under water (Valetta, January 2012). An element of archaeological heritage is given if there is any trace of human existence of the past displaying an interaction with the natural environment and enhancing our knowledge of the history of human kind, which was discovered by archaeological techniques. Therefore, not only artefacts of an archaeological site are of value but "all remains and objects and any other traces of mankind" (European convention on the preservation of archaeological heritage). Tektites are described as small, dark-colored glassy objects, possibly resulting from meteoric impact, found in various locations around the world. The discovery of tektites in theory is the result of explosions of an impact crater indicating that sites laden with tektites have been formed millions of years ago. Thus, tektites are considered a veritable indicator of archaeological significance the world over. World heritage A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as having special cultural or physical significance. Natural heritage Natural heritage refers to the inherited habitats, species, ecosystems, geology and landforms, including those in and underwater, to which people attach value (Conservation Principles, English Heritage, April 2008). Natural features consist of physical and biological formations or groups of such formations, which are of outstanding universal value from the aesthetic or scientific point of view; geological and physiographical formations and precisely delineated areas which constitute the habitat of threatened species of animals and plants of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation; and natural sites or precisely delineated natural areas of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty are considered natural heritage (The World Heritage Convention 1972). Cultural Heritage Refers to the totality of cultural property preserved and developed through time and passed on to posterity (RA10066). Cultural Property Refer to all products of human creativity by which a people and a nation reveal their identity, including churches, mosques and other places of worship, schools and natural history specimens and sites, whether public or privately-owned, movable or immovable, and tangible or intangible (RA 10066).

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11.3.2 Heritage and Cultural Resources Profiling

Validation of historical records was conducted through gathering of secondary data from various libraries and electronic references in the Internet to be able to plot out the existing heritage and cultural resources that may potentially be affected by the Transmission Line and Jetty Projects. Brief and informal interviews with key persons who are familiar with Ilocos Norte’s cultural heritage were also conducted to verify the accuracy of the secondary data.

With the secondary data on hand, the identified heritage and cultural resources were plotted on the Transmission Line and Jetty layout to clearly present the locations and distances between project components and the identified resources. In this manner, direct (immediate vicinity) and indirect impact areas are distinguished from one another.

11.3.3 Site Visit and Ocular Survey

A walkthrough of the identified heritage and cultural resources was conducted to validate initial findings from the desktop study. Supplementary data was obtained through onsite surveys, photo-documentation, and interviews with key informants. Additional requests for available information were also coordinated as necessary.

11.3.4 Assessment of Key Heritage and Cultural Resources Conditions and Impacts

Key issues and concerns were documented and were presented in this report. Preliminary mitigation measures were also proposed on the basis of potential impacts identified. Likewise, sources of impacts based on the project design/lay-out specific to heritage and cultural resources were identified.

Possible changes in heritage and cultural resources conditions during the construction and operation periods if any were also identified. Likewise, primary and secondary impacts were identified in both direct (immediate vicinity) and indirect impact areas.

11.4 Baseline Conditions

Presented in this section are the cultural and natural heritage resources in the host municipalities and the Province of Ilocos Norte in general. Map showing the cultural and natural heritage resources in the four host municipalities is presented in Figure 11-1 to Figure 11-4.

11.4.1 Municipality of Burgos

The cultural and natural heritage resources in the Municipality of Burgos are enumerated in Table 11-2. Palpalokada Landscape is a proposed tourism area in the municipality, which is located within the Burgos Wind Farm Project of EBWPC. It is a unique landscape providing a panoramic view of the Kapurpurawan Rock Formation, the Bangui Windmills and the West Philippine Sea.

The Kapurpurawan Rock Formation is a massive rock formation and a famous tourist attraction in the municipality. As per data of the Provincial Tourism Office, the average number of tourists in 2013 is 11,980. Cape Bojeador Lighthouse, which was built on top of the hill in Barangay Paayas, is also a famous tourist attraction in the area. It is famously known as the Burgos Lighthouse and was declared as National Historical Landmark and a National Cultural Treasure by the Philippine Government in August 2004 and June 2005, respectively.

Two culturally significant water resources, located at the forest areas of Burgos, are also being proposed by the Municipal Tourism Office to be developed as tourist attractions. These are the Tanap Rapids in Barangay Tanap and Kaangrian Falls in Barangay Ababa.

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All these identified cultural and natural resources are considerably distant from the transmission towers and jetty and are not affected during the construction.

Table 11-2 Cultural and Natural Heritage in Burgos Cultural and Natural Heritage Description Palpalokada Landscape Located in Barangays Saoit and Poblacion and is where the Burgos Wind Farm is built. It is a unique landscape providing panoramic view of the Kapurpurawan Rock Formation, the Bangui Windmill and the West Philippine Sea.

Situated 500 m from Tower BL001

Kapurpurawan Rock Formation Barangay Poblacion 18°32’18” N and 120°39’13” E A massive rock formation that juts out into the sea. Seen up close, it is a dazzling bright while rock that sparkles in the sun. Kapurpurawan is a showcase of the wind and water power on rock and coral. Situated 700 m from Tower BL001

Cape Bojeador Lighthouse Barangay Paayas 18°30’43” N and 120°35’51” E The lighthouse was declared as a National Historical Landmark on 13 August 2004 and a National Cultural Treasure on 20 June 2005 by the Philippine Government. It is one of the tallest of its kind in the country and served as a signal to ships passing by the Cape along the West Philippine Sea. Up to this day, the lighthouse remains functional.

Situated 500 m from Tower BL031 Tanap Rapids Barangay Tanap It is home to natural blue pools and various falls.

Situated 3 km from the Transmission Line

Source: (Corpuz, 2010)

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Cultural and Natural Heritage Description Kaangrian Falls Barangay Agaga The falls approximately 9 km south of the Poblacion. The waterfalls creates semi- circle of water cascading down multiple layers of rock. The area is created by limestone deposits that produce sparkling pools around the base of the falls.

Situated 3 km from the Transmission Line

Source: (Norte, 2011)

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-5 242,000 244,000 246,000 248,000 250,000 252,000 254,000 256,000 258,000 260,000

2,052,000 Kapurpurawan 2,052,000 Kapurpurawan Rock Formation Rock Formation(! Palpalokada Jetty BL-003 ! BL-004 BL-002 Landscape A BL-006 BL-001 (! BL-008 Palpalokada Bangui Buraan BL-005 BL-011 Wind Fam River BL-013 BL-007 Landscape BL-015 BL-009 BL-017 BL-010 2,050,000 BL-016 2,050,000 BL-024 BL-022BL-021 BL-018 BL-012 BL-027 BL-026 BL-019 BL-014 BL-020 BL-025 BL-023 Cape BL-028 Bojeador BL-029 Lighthouse BL-030 Cape Bojeador Lighthouse(! BL-032 BL-031 BL-033

2,048,000 BL-035 2,048,000 BL-034 BL-037 BL-036 BL-038

BL-040 BL-039 BL-041 Burgos

BL-042 BL-043 BL-044 2,046,000 2,046,000 BL-045 BL-046 Tanap Rapids BL-047 ! (Tanap BL-048 BL-049 Rapids BL-050 Kaangrian Falls 2,044,000 BL-051 ! 2,044,000 (Kaangrian BL-052 Falls

BL-053

BL-054 BL-055

242,000 244,000 246,000 248,000 250,000 252,000 254,000 256,000 258,000 260,000

EDC Burgos Wind Prower Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 LEGEND Transmission Line ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Revision 0 0 1,000 2,000 Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites (! Date 19 Jan 2016 National Highway Metres A! Jetty Watercourse Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 o Municipality Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N (! Transmission Tower in Municipality of Burgos Figure 11-1 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig11-1_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Created by:jcmatic

11.4.2 Municipality of Pasuquin

The Municipality of Pasuquin has one cultural heritage resource and one natural heritage resource; these are the Pupupuyan Watch Tower and Naang-angri Falls, respectively (Table 11-3). Puyupuyan Watch Tower, located along the beach of Barangay Puyupuyan, is a circular and fairly intact Spanish-era stone rubble. It was built by the Spaniards as an observation post against impending raids from marauders and pirates.

The Naang-angri Falls is famous to local tourist because of its underground caves, swimming pool and cottages. Naang-angri means ‘stinky’ in the Ilocano dialect.

The Puyupuyan Watch Tower is more than 2 km west of the Transmission Line alignment in Barangay Poblacion, while Naang-angri Falls, which is located in the forested areas of Pasuquin, is considerably far from the location of the transmission towers within the Municipality of Pasuquin.

Table 11-3 Cultural and Natural Heritage in Pasuquin Cultural and natural heritage Description Puyupuyan Watch Tower Barangay Puyupuyan Puyupuyan means ‘where the wind blows’. It has two large windows and smaller, T-shaped slits on the wall and used to have a flat roof and a raised floor.

Situated more than 2 km from the transmission towers Source: (Biyahero Philippine Travel Portal)

Source: (Pasuquin, 2013) No available photo Naang-angri Falls is famous for its underground caves, swimming pool and cottages Source: (Official Website of Ilocos Norte)

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-7 244,000 246,000 248,000 250,000 252,000 254,000 256,000 BL-061

BL-062 2,040,000 2,040,000 BL-063

BL-064 BL-065

BL-066

BL-067

BL-068 2,038,000 2,038,000 BL-069

BL-070

BL-071

BL-072

BL-073

BL-074 2,036,000 2,036,000 BL-075

BL-076

BL-077

BL-078

BL-079

BL-080 2,034,000 2,034,000 BL-081

BL-082

BL-083

BL-084 BL-085

BL-086

BL-087 2,032,000 W e s t 2,032,000 Philippine BL-088 BL-089 S e a BL-090 BL-091

BL-092

BL-093

BL-094 Pasuquin 2,030,000 BL-095 2,030,000

BL-096

Puyupuyan BL-097 Watch BL-098 Tower (! BL-099 BL-100 BL-101 2,028,000 2,028,000

BL-102 BL-103

BL-104

BL-105 BL-106

BL-107

BL-108 2,026,000 2,026,000 BL-109 BL-110

BL-111

BL-112

BL-113

BL-114

BL-115 2,024,000 2,024,000

244,000 246,000 BL-116 248,000 250,000 252,000 254,000 256,000 LEGEND (! Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Transmission Line

(! Transmission Tower Highway Municipality

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower Revision 0 0 1,000 2,000 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o in Municipality of Pasuquin Figure 11-2 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig11-2_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Created by:jcmatic

11.4.3 Municipality of Bacarra

The Municipality of Bacarra has several cultural heritage resources including St. Andrew the Apostle Parish Church, Bacarra Bell Tower, Ruins of the Vijia Watch Tower, and Museo De Bacarra (Table 11-4). St. Andrew the Apostle Parish Church, most commonly known as Bacarra Church, was declared as a National Historical Landmark and National Cultural Treasure by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines and the National Museum in the Philippines, respectively.

Bacarra Church, Bell Tower and Museum are located at the center of the town, which is almost about 2 km from the transmission towers. On the other hand, the Ruins of the Vijia Watch Tower, which is located in the coastal areas of Barangay Natba is 2 km west of the transmission line.

Table 11-4 Cultural and Natural Heritage in Bacarra Cultural and natural heritage Description St. Andrew the Apostle Parish Church Situated at the center of the town. Constructed by the Agustinian Friars in 1593 and inaugurated in 1782, its unique features include dungeons, convent ruins and a secret garden. It was destroyed by earthquake in 1983 and reconstructed in 1984. Situated about 1 km from Transmission Line Route

Source: (Jove, 2011) Bacarra Bell Tower Situated at the right side of St. Andrew the Apostle Parish Church, it was built in 1830s made up of coral blocks and stucco. It has an original height of 50 m with a wall of 5 m. The earthquake in 1931 caused the topmost portion to tilt on the right and the earthquake in 1983 caused the total fall of the dome. At present, the bell tower is popularly known as the ‘Domeless Dignified Belltower of Asia’.

Situated about 1 km from Transmission Line Route Source: (C, 2014)

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Cultural and natural heritage Description Ruins of the Vijia Watch Tower The watch tower is a 17th century structure located in Barangay 36 Natba. The watch tower was used to guard the coastline against pirates during the old times.

Situated about 2 km from Transmission Line Route

Source: (Ruins of the Vijia Watch Tower) Museo De Bacarra It is housed in the St Andrew the Apostle Old Convent. It is a collective and collaborative effort to preserve the rich culture and heritage of Bacarra. The Museo is a joint project of the Municipal Tourism Development Council of Bacarra and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Laoag aimed at preserving and enriching the historical, cultural, religious, ethnic, and economic lifestyles in an effort to promote local tourism. Source: (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2012) Situated about 1 km from Transmission Line Route

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-10 242,500 244,000 245,500 247,000 248,500 250,000 251,500

BL-106

2,026,500 BL-107 2,026,500

BL-108 W e s t BL-109 BL-110 Philippine S e a BL-111 BL-112 2,025,000 2,025,000 BL-113

BL-114

BL-115 Vijia Vijia Watch BL-116 Tower 2,023,500 Watch Cabulalaan River 2,023,500 Tower (! BL-117 BL-118

BL-119

BL-120

BL-121 Bacarra River 2,022,000 BL-122 2,022,000

BL-123

BL-124

BL-125 Bacarra BL-126

2,020,500 BL-127 2,020,500

BL-128

BL-129

BL-130

2,019,000 BL-131 2,019,000 BL-132 BL-133 BL-134 BL-135

BL-136 BL-137 2,017,500 2,017,500 BL-138

Bacarra Church (St. BL-139 Andrew the Apostle BL-140 (!Parish Church) BL-141

2,016,000 BL-142 2,016,000 BL-145 BL-143 BL-146 BL-144 BL-147 BL-148 2,014,500 2,014,500

242,500 244,000 245,500 247,000 248,500 250,000 251,500 LEGEND

(! Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Transmission Line Highway (! Transmission Tower Municipality

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower Revision 0 0 750 1,500 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o in Municipality of Bacarra Figure 11-3 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig11-3_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Created by:jcmatic

11.4.4 Laoag City

Presented in Table 11-5 are the four cultural heritage resources in Laoag City. These are St. William Cathedral and Sinking Bell Tower, Museo Ilocos Norte, Tobacco Monopoly Monument and the Fort Ilocandia Resort and Hotel. Three of the four cultural heritage sites are located in the center of the city, namely St. William Cathedral and Sinking Bell Tower, Museo Ilocos Norte and Tobacco Monopoly Monument; while the Fort Ilocandia Resort and Hotel is located in Barangay Calayab. The identified heritage sites in Laoag City are considerably far from the transmission towers located within the City of Laoag, and were not affected by the construction of the towers.

Table 11-5 Cultural heritage in Laoag City Cultural heritage Description Fort Ilocandia Resort and Hotel Barangay 37 Calayab, Laoag City The only 5-star deluxe hotel in Northern Philippines sprawling over 77 ha of land amidst gentle sand dunes and pine forest.

Located more than 10 km from the nearest transmission towers in Barangay Barit (Towers BL142 to BL148)

Source: (Fort Ilocandia Resort Hotel) St. William Cathedral and Sinking Bell Tower Located at the center of the city It was built in 1612 by the Augustinian friars with an Italian Renaissance design and a four storey bell tower, which was built about 85 m away from the church.

Located more than 2 km from the nearest transmission towers in Barangay Barit (Tower BL142 to BL148)

Source: (Subia, 2006) Museo Ilocos Norte Located in the center of the City of Laoag

Located more than 2 km from the nearest transmission towers in Barangay Barit (Tower BL142 to BL148)

Source: (Sicangco)

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Cultural heritage Description Tobacco Monopoly Monument Located at the center of Laoag City. Erected to symbolize the end of 100 years of tobacco monopoly in Ilocandia.

Located more than 2 km from the nearest transmission towers in Barangay Barit (Tower BL142 to BL148)

Source: (The Pinay Wanderer, 2014)

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-13 237,500 240,000 242,500 245,000 247,500 250,000 252,500 BL-113

BL-114

✕✖ ✖✙

❅ BL-115

✙ ✘ ✦ ✬

✻ BL-116

✪ ✚

✣ ❀ ✭ (! BL-117 BL-118 BL-119 BL-120 2,022,500 2,022,500 Bislak River BL-121 BL-122 BL-123 BL-124 BL-125 BL-126 BL-127 BL-128 2,020,000 BL-129 2,020,000 BL-130

BL-131 ✕✖✗✘✙ ✚ BL-133

BL-132 ✛ ✙ ✜ BL-134 (! BL-135 BL-136 BL-137

2,017,500 2,017,500

✺ ✙ ✙✚ ✚ ✙ ✷ ✸ ✚ ✩✴✘ ✶

✬ ✦✬

BL-138 ✦

✗ ✹ ✚ ✘ ❄ ✪ ✘

✭ ❀ ✬✭ ✢ ✽ ✥✭

BL-139 ✢

✰✙✚ ✖ ✷ ✸ ✚

✬ ✦ ✬ ✯ BL-140 ✽ ✬ BL-141 (! BL-142 BL-145 BL-143 BL-146 BL-144 BL-147 BL-148

2,015,000 2,015,000

✙ ✪✙ ✷ ✙ ✘ ✹ ✚ ✙ ✩✴✘ ✶

★ ✬ ✭ ✥

Padsan River ✲

✖ ✖✙ ✜ ✷ ✙ ✘ ✹ ✚ ✙

✻ ✥ ✥ ✬ ✭ ✥

✸ ✪

✤ ✽ ✭

✙ ✗ ✹ ✘ ✴ ✖ ✗ ✖ ✗

✼ ✽ ✾ ✳ ★ ✿

✪ ✪

✼ ✥ ✦ ✽

✺ ✪ ✚

✭ ✥✥ ✣ ❀ ✭ ✯

✁ ✂ ✁ ✄

✪ ✚ ✘ ✪ ❃ ✙ ✪ ✪ ✗ ✪ ❄ ✪ ✱ ✪ ✗✸ ✜ ✗ ✘

✮ ✭ ✦ ✦ ✤ ✥ ✤ ✭

(!(!(!✣

✟✠✡ ✠☛

☎ ✆✝✞

☞✌✍✎ ✏ ✌✠✍ ✑✡ ✌✠ ✒

✓ ✔

✑✏ ✡ ✏ ✍

2,012,500 2,012,500

✷ ✸ ✚ ✪ ✫ ✴ ✙ ✗ ✖ ✪ ✙

✬ ✦✬ ✮ ✦ ✥ ✽

✩✴✘ ✶ ✖ ✪ ✙ ✪ ✫

✮ ✦ ✬ ✥ ✽

✪ ✗ ✘ ✖ ✗ ✪ ✰ ✙✚ ✖

✥✭ ✽ ✬ ✯

(!✣

❁✪✚ ✘ ✪ ✙ ✗✹ ✖✙

✼ ✥ ✦

❂ ✪✚ ✘ ✙ ✗✹

✭ ✽

✴✙✚ ✚ ✙ ✘ ✵ ✴ ✘✙✶

2,010,000 2,010,000

✷ ✙ ✖✗ ✪

✽

✪ ✗ ✖ ✙ ✷ ✸ ✚

✦ ✬ ✦✬

(! ✤

✙ ✗✹ ✺ ✫ ✚ ✱ (! ✭ ✥

2,007,500 2,007,500

✜ ✖✙✗ ✙ ✗ ✖ ✙ ✙ ✙ ✙ ✗

✢ ✣ ✤ ✥ ✦ ✧ ★

✩ ✙ ✙ ✙ ✙ ✗ ✪ ✫

✤ ✥ ✦ ✧ ★

✘ ✪✚ ✘

✮ ✬ ✯

(!✬ ✭

✰✙ ✪ ✙ ✱

✙ ✳ ✭ (! ✲ 2,005,000 2,005,000

237,500 240,000 242,500 245,000 247,500 250,000 252,500 LEGEND Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Transmission Line (! in the Host Municipalities Highway (! Transmission Tower Paoay Lake

Municipality

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower Revision 0 0 1,250 2,500 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o in Municipality of Laoag City Figure 11-4

G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig11-4_rev0.mxd

❇ ❈ ❉ 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines ❆ 63 2 479 5600 63 2 479 5601 [email protected] www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Created by:jcmatic

11.4.5 Province of Ilocos Norte

The archaeological and cultural resources in the Province of Ilocos Norte are discussed in this section. Figure 11-5 shows the location of heritage and cultural resources with reference to the Transmission Line and Jetty Projects.

Archaeological heritage Based on the archaeological exploration logs by the Museum and Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the University of the Philippines (The Philippine Journal of Science, H. Otley Beyer), there were no tektites that have been found in Ilocos Norte.

A large number of so-called Claveria-type of pseudo-tektites was found at the Selga Site, adjacent to Pasuquin, approximately 20 km south of Burgos. Father Miguel Selga has written a paper on pseudo-tektites that were published around 1935 and 1936 by the Philippine National Research Council.

Also, as stated in the Philippine Journal of Science (1974), there was no genuine stone age artefacts that have been reported for Ilocos Norte, except for one small obsidian flaked microlith retrieved by a geologist shortly before the outbreak of the war from a field near Pasuquin.

As for the early porcelain period, there were at least two late Tang-early Sung midden dumps or old village sites located on low elevations near Paoay Lake in 1928 and similar sites could possibly found near the coastal area (Philippine Journal of Science, H. Otley Beyer, 1974).

For the later pre-Spanish porcelain age, late Sung, Yuan, and early Ming celadon and other ceramic pieces were retrieved from accidental excavations at various places in Ilocos Norte and Abra. A certain Doctor Palencia who was connected to a mission hospital in Laoag possesses an interesting collection of such specimens (Philippine Journal of Science, H. Otley Beyer, 1974).

Spanish period remains and records such as old stone churches, ruined missions, “Moro” towers, and other remains of the early Spanish period were also found in Ilocos Norte (Philippine Journal of Science, H. Otley Beyer, 1974).

World heritage San Agustin Church in the Municipality of Paoay was among the first churches built by the Spanish in the late sixteenth century. The original church was begun in 1699 and was completed in 1702–1704. Its unique architectural style is a reinterpretation of European Baroque by Chinese and Philippine craftsmen. The bell tower was used as an observation post by the Katipuneros in 1896 and by the guerrillas during the Japanese occupation. San Agustin Church was inscribed in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage List in 1993.

National heritage The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) declared Church of San Agustin in the Municipality of Paoay as a National Historical Landmarks and three as National Shrine, namely Juan Luna Shrine, Artemio Ricarte Shrine and Gregorio Aglipay Shrine. The location of these cultural heritage sites and approximate distances from the nearest tower is presented in Table 11-6.

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-15

Table 11-6 National Heritage Sites in Ilocos Norte Cultural heritage Municipality and Type of heritage approximate distance site from the nearest tower Juan Luna Shrine National Shrine Municipality of Badoc

Badoc is about 30 km from Laoag City, where the nearest transmission tower is located.

Source: (National Historical Commission of the Philippines) Artemio Ricarte Shrine National Shrine Municipality of Batac

Batac is about 16 km from Laoag City where the nearest transmission tower is located.

Source: (National Historical Commission of the Philippines) Gregorio L. Aglipay National Shrine Shrine Municipality of Paoay

Paoay is about 18 km from Laoag City, where the nearest transmission tower is located.

Source: (National Historical Commission of the Philippines) Church of San Agustin UNESCO World Municipality of Paoay Heritage List National Historical Paoay is about 18 km Landmak from Laoag City, where the nearest transmission tower is located.

Source: (UNESCO, 2013)

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-16

Other Areas of Cultural and Natural Significance Other areas of cultural and natural significance are presented in Table 11-7. These sites are located at the neighbouring towns of the host municipalities and considerably distant from the Transmission Tower and Jetty Projects.

Table 11-7 Areas of Cultural and Natural Significance in Ilocos Norte

Bangui Wind Farm Vintar Dam Municipality of Bangui Municipality of Vintar

Sta. Monica Church and Belfry Malacañang ti Amianan (North) Municipality of Sarrat Municipality of Paoay

Paoay Lake St. Nicolas of Tolentino Parish Municipality of Paoay Municipality of San Nicolas

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-17

St John the Baptist Parish Our Lady of Immaculate Conception Municipality of Badoc Municipality of Badoc

Parish of St Anne Church Basi Revolt Monument Municipality of Piddig Municipality of Piddig

Josefa Llanes Escoda Shrine Church Ruins Municipality of Dingras Municipality of Dingras

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-18

220,000 230,000 240,000 250,000 260,000 270,000

■ ❉ ◆ ❖ ◆ ❛♠❡

2,060,000 2,060,000

✶ ❙ ✉❞ ❲❤ ✐✁ ❙ ♥❞ ❇✁❝❤

❇♥ ✉ ✐ ❲ ✐♥❞

❣ ❋ ✂

✷ 1

♥ ✐❞

❚ ♣ ❘ ♣ ✸ (!

Pagudpud

✹ ❧ ❧♦❦ ❞ ▲ ♥❞ ❝ ✁

♣ ♣

✺ ❑ ✉ ✉ ✇ ♥ ♦❝❦ ♦ ✐♦♥

♣ ♣ ❘ ❋ ✂

✁ ❇♦ ✁❞♦ ▲ ✐ ❤❤♦✉ ✁

✻ ❈ ♣ ❥ ❣

❑ ♥ ✐♥ ❧❧

❣ ❋ ✼ Jetty 5 Buraan !

River (

✽ ✉ ② ✉ ✉ ② ♥ ♦❧❞ ✇ ❝❤ ♦✇ ✁

♣ A! (! 2

✾ ❱ ✐ ✐ ❲ ❝❤ ♦ ✇ ✁ ❚ ❥ 4 (!

2,050,000 6 2,050,000

✶ ❱ ✐♥

✄ ✂

✵ (!

✶ ✶ ❇❝ ❤✉ ❝❤ ✭❙ ✳ ❆♥ ❞ ✁✇ ❤✁ ❆ ♦ ❧✁ ✐ ❤ ❤✉ ❝❤✮

❈ ♣ ❈

✶ ▲ ♦ ❤✁❞ ❧ ✭ ❙ ✳ ❲ ✐❧❧✐ ❤✁❞ ❧ ♥❞ ☎ ✧ ❙ ✐♥❦ ✐♥ ✧ ❇✁❧❧ ♦✇ ✁ ✮

✷ ❣ ❈ ✂ ❈ ❣ ❚

✶ ♦ ❝❝♦ ♦♥♦ ♦❧② ♦♥✉ ✁♥

❚ ❜ ▼ ♣ ▼ ✂ ✸ Burgos 3

(! Bangui ✶ ✹ ✉ ✁♦ ☎ ❧♦❝♦ ♦ ✁

✆

▼ 7 Dumalneg

✶ ✺ ❤ ✉ ❝❤ ♦❢ ❙ ♥ ✐❝♦❧ ✭❙ ✳ ✐❝❤♦❧ ♦❢ ♦❧✁♥✐♥♦ ✐ ❤ ✮

✆ ✆ ❚

❈ (!

✶ ❙ ✲ ❙ ✳ ♦♥✐❝ ❤ ✉ ❝❤ ♥❞ ❇✁❧❢ ②

✻ ▼ ❈

✶ ✐❞❞ ✐ ❤ ✉ ❝❤ ✭ ✐ ❤ ♦❢ ❙ ✳ ❆♥♥✁ ❤ ✉ ❝❤✮

❣ ❈ ❈

✼ Adams

✶ ✽ ❇ ✐ ✁ ♦❧ ♦♥✉ ✁♥

❘ ✈ ▼ ✂

2,040,000 2,040,000

✶ ✾ ✐♥ ❤✉ ❝❤ ✉ ✐♥

✄ ❣ ❈ ❘

✐♥ ✲ ♦ ✁❢ ▲ ❧♥✁ ❝♦❞ ❙ ❤ ✐♥✁

✷ ✵ ✄ ❣ ❏ ❊

✶ ♦ ☎ ❧♦❝♥❞ ✐ ✁ ♦ ♥❞ ✐♥♦

✷ ❋ ❘ ❈

❆ ✐♥♥ ✐ ❧❝♥♥ ✭ ❧❝♥♥ ♦❢ ❤✁ ♦ ❤✮

✷ ✷ ✂ ❚ ▼ ❣ ▼ ❣ ✆

♦② ▲ ❦ ✁

✷ ✸

✹ ♦② ❤ ✉ ❝❤ ✭ ❤ ✉ ❝❤ ♦❢ ❙ ♥ ❆✉ ✉ ✐♥✁✮

✷ ❈ ❈ ❣

✺ ❇❝ ❤♦❧✐❝ ❤ ✉ ❝❤ ✭ ✉ ▲ ❞② ♦❢ ❤✁ ☎ ❝✉❧✁ ♦♥❝✁ ✐♦♥ ❤♦❧✐❝ ❤✉ ❝❤✮

✷ ❈ ❈ ✝ ✂✂ ❈ ♣ ❈ ❈

❝♦ ✉ ✁✉ ♥❞ ✉ ♦❧✁✉

▼ ▼ ✂ ▼ ✂

✷ ✻ Pasuquin

✐❝ ✁ ❙ ❤ ✐♥✁

✷ ✼ ❘

✽ ✐♥✐❧✐ ✲ ✁ ♦ ✐♦ ▲ ✳ ❆ ❧✐ ② ❙ ❤ ✐♥✁

✷ ● ❣ ❣ ♣

2,030,000 8 2,030,000

✾ ❇❞♦❝ ✲ ❙ ✐♥ ♦❤♥ ❤✁ ❇ ✐ ✐ ❤ ✭ ❙ ❤ ✐♥✁ ♦ ❢ ▲ ❱ ✐ ✁♥ ✐❧ ♦ ❞✁ ❇❞♦❝✮

❏ ♣ ❣ ▼ ❣

✷ (!

✉ ♥ ▲✉ ♥ ❙ ❤ ✐♥✁ ❏ ✸ ✵ Vintar

9 Bacarra(! River Bacarra W e s t

2,020,000 Philippine 2,020,000 10 S e a (! 11 Laoag (! Padsan River City Carasi Laoag (!(!141312 International Airport Piddig (!15 21 2,010,000 (! (!16 17 18 2,010,000 San (!(! Nicolas 22(! Paoay (! Lake 23 Sarrat 20 Paoay 19 (!(! Solsona Dingras

2,000,000 (!24 2,000,000 (!(!262527 Batac City Currimao Marcos

Nueva Era 1,990,000 Banna 1,990,000 (!28 (!(!2930 Pinili Badoc

220,000 230,000 240,000 250,000 260,000 270,000 LEGEND Æ` Airport Transmission Line

Highway A! Jetty Paoay Lake

Municipality

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower Revision 0 0 5 10 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Date 19 Jan 2016 Kilometers Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o in the Province of Ilocos Norte Figure 11-5 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig11-5_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Created by:jcmatic

11.5 Potential Sources of Impacts and Mitigation

No adverse impacts on heritage and cultural resources were recorded during the construction phase. However, vegetation clearing and earthwork activities were known to have caused adverse visual impact on the cultural resources that are found near some of the Transmission Towers. Based on the interview with the contractor of EBWPC, immediate revegetation of quarried/excavated areas were undertaken after construction activities to minimize the adverse impacts on cultural resources.

Access road leading to Palpalokada Landscape and Kapurpurawan Rock Formation were used for the delivery of materials for Towers BL001–BL019 Figure 11-6). Moreover, Towers BL001, BL002, BL003, BL004 and BL005 are located along the access road leading to Palpalokada Landscape while BL001 is about 700 m from the Kapurpurawan Rock Formation. Access road leading to Cape Bojeador was also used during the delivery of materials for Tower BL-031 (Figure 11-7).

Dust generated from the transport of construction materials and use of same access road leading to cultural and historical resources may have caused inconvenience for tourists and other road users. This impact, however, was temporary and minimal and was mitigated through the implementation of Traffic Management Plan such as observing speed limit (Appendix X). Moreover, only heritage and cultural resources in the Municipality of Burgos (e.g. Palpalokada Landscape, Kapurpurawan Rock Formation, and Cape Bojeador) were affected during construction. There was no impact on the heritage and cultural resources in the Municipalities of Pasuquin and Bacarra as well as Laoag City during the construction phase.

Some tourists may perceive that transmission towers built along the road leading to the cultural resources (Table 11-8) may visually obstruct the view. This impact, however, is minimal and can be mitigated by implementing the following measures:

Revegetation of quarried and excavated areas

Screening of tower footings by planting trees

Coordination with the local government units (LGU) of the concerned municipalities and barangays and provision of assistance in the maintenance of roadside vegetation to limit view of transmission towers from the cultural resources The location of Jetty Project is considerably distant from all the identified historical and cultural resources in the host municipalities (Figure 11-6 and Figure 11-7) and adverse impact is not expected.

Table 11-8 Summary of Impact on Historical and Cultural Resources during Operation and Maintenance Phase Heritage and Transmission towers Jetty Project cultural resources Access road Distance from Access road Distance from the site the site Municipality of Burgos Palpalokada Towers BL001 Towers BL001 No impact No impact Landscape to BL019 were to BL005 were built along the built along the access road access road leading to leading to Palpalokada Palpalokada Landscape Landscape Tower BL001 is situated around

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-20

Heritage and Transmission towers Jetty Project cultural resources Access road Distance from Access road Distance from the site the site 600 m from the Palpalokada Landscape Kapurpurawan Towers BL001 Tower BL001 is No impact No impact Rock Formation to BL019 were about 900 m built along the from the access road Kapurpurawan leading to Rock Formation Kapurpurawan Rock Formation Cape Bojeador Tower BL031 Tower BL031 is No impact No impact can be viewed about 500 m from the Cape east of Cape Bojeador Bojeador Tanap Rapids No impact No impact No impact No impact Kaangrian Falls No impact No impact No impact No impact Municipality of Pasuquin Puyupuyan Watch No impact No impact. No No impact No impact Tower transmission tower was built in Barangay Puyupuyan. Naang-angri Falls No impact No impact. No impact No impact Municipality of Bacarra St. Andrew Parish No impact No impact. No No impact No impact Church tower was built at the center of the town. Bacarra Bell Tower No impact No impact. No No impact No impact tower was built at the center of the town. Ruins of Vijia No impact No impact. No No impact No impact Watch Tower tower was built in Barangay Natba Museo De Bacarra No impact No impact. No No impact No impact tower was built at the center of the town. Laoag City Fort Ilocandia No impact No impact. No No impact No impact Resort and Hotel tower was built in Barangay 37 Calayab St Williams No impact No impact. No No impact No impact Cathedral tower was built at the center of the city Museo Ilocos Norte No impact No impact. No No impact No impact tower was built at the center of the city

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-21

Heritage and Transmission towers Jetty Project cultural resources Access road Distance from Access road Distance from the site the site Tobacco Monopoly No impact No impact. No No impact No impact Monument tower was built at the center of the city Note: No impact – because it is considerably distant from the Transmission Tower or Jetty

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-22 250,000 250,500 251,000 251,500 252,000 252,500 253,000 253,500 254,000 254,500 255,000 255,500

Pagali 2,052,000 2,052,000

Kapurpurawan 2,051,500 2,051,500 %, %, %, (!Rock Formation %, %, %, %, %, %, %, %, %, 651.45 m 2,051,000 %, 2,051,000 Saoit %, %, %, %, Palpalokada BL-002 BL-001 %, Landscape BL-004 (! (! 985.81 m (! (! %, BL-003 (! BL-005 (! %, %, BL-006 (! %, BL-007 (! %, %, (! BL-008 2,050,500 %, BL-009 2,050,500 %, (! %, (! BL-010 BL-011 Poblacion %, %, (! (! BL-012 %, %, BL-014 (! %, (! BL-013 %, %, BL-016 ! BL-015 %, (! ( BL-017 %, %,

2,050,000 (! %, 2,050,000 %, %, %, %, BL-018 %, %, (! %, %, BL-021 Nagsurot (! BL-020 (! BL-019 %, %, (! %,

%, 2,049,500 2,049,500

y a w h ig H s co 2,049,000 lo 2,049,000 / I y wa igh Tanap a H rlik aha Buduan M 250,000 250,500 251,000 251,500 252,000 252,500 253,000 253,500 254,000 254,500 255,000 255,500

LEGEND EDC Burgos Wind Prower Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 (! Transmission Tower Proposed Wind Farm Road ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Revision 0 0250 500 Road Network %, Wind Turbine Generators Barangay Towers BL001 to BL019 along the Access Road Date 19 Jan 2016 Metres Trail (! Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Transmission Line leading to Palpalokada Landscape and Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 o Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N Highway Kapurpurawan Rock Formation Figure 11-6 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig11-6_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC, Google and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth Pro (Date Extracted - 20150108). Created by:jcmatic 245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000 249,000 250,000 251,000 252,000 253,000 254,000 2,052,000 2,052,000

Kapurpurawan Rock Formation %, %, %, (! Pagali %, %, %, %, %, %, %, %, %, %, Palpalokada 2,051,000 Jetty 2,051,000 %, %, %, %, ! BL-003 BL-002 %, Landscape A (! (! (! BL-005%, (! BL-001 (! (! BL-004 %, %, (! BL-006 Ablan %, (! %, %, B u r a a n R iv e r Saoit BL-008 Sarat (! BL-007 %, %, (! BL-009 %, BL-011 (! %, (! BL-012%, (! BL-010 %, %, %, BL-014 (!(! BL-013 %, %, %, BL-016 (! (! BL-015 %, %, (! BL-017 %, 2,050,000 2,050,000 %, BL-018%, %, %, (! %, %, BL-022 (! BL-020 BL-024 BL-023 (! (! %, BL-025 (! (! BL-021 (! %, (! BL-019 Poblacion BL-027 (! %, (! BL-026 Pan - Philippine Highway/Maharlika Highway

BL-028 (! Nagsurot Kapurpurawan 4x4 Trail

2,049,000 BL-029 2,049,000 Cape (! Bojeador Lighthouse BL-030 ! (! 488.84 m (

Manila North Road Bayog (!(! BL-031 BL-032 (! Tanap BL-033 (! Buduan BL-034 2,048,000 BL-035 (! 2,048,000 (!

BL-036 Bobon (!

(!BL-037

245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000 249,000 250,000 251,000 252,000 253,000 254,000

LEGEND EDC Burgos Wind Prower Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 (! Transmission Tower Proposed Wind Farm National Highway Road Network ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Revision 0 0 500 1,000 %, Wind Turbine Generators Provincial Road Date 19 Jan 2016 Trail Metres (! Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites Barangay Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Transmission Line Tower BL031 along Access Road to Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 o Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N A! Jetty Watercourse Cape Bojeador Figure 11-7 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig11-7_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC, Google and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth Pro (Date Extracted - 20140108). Created by:jcmatic

11.6 Conclusions

As discussed above, the heritage and cultural resources in the host LGUs are considerably distant from the Transmission Line and Jetty Projects; thus, there is no encroachment of any archaeological, world heritage and natural heritage site.

Minor disruption on traffic is perceived during the operation and maintenance activities especially in access roads leading to the heritage and cultural resources in the Municipality of Burgos such as the Kapurpurawan Rock Formation, Palpalokada Landscape and Cape Bojeador. However, this impact is temporary and minimal and can be mitigated through the implementation of Traffic Management Plan.

The summary of impacts and proposed mitigation measures are presented in Table 11-9.

Table 11-9 Key impacts and proposed mitigation/enhancement measures

Key impacts Phases Potential Options for prevention/ significance mitigation or enhancement Construction Operation TL Jetty Loss of local None None Mitigation measures not recreational use necessary Loss of local None None Mitigation measures not

religious use necessary

Visual impact on Low None Immediate revegetation of local recreation quarried/excavated areas area were undertaken after construction Screening of tower footings by planting trees Coordination with LGU and provision of assistance in the maintenance of roadside vegetation

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-25

11.7 References

Biyahero Philippine Travel Portal. (n.d.). Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://www.biyahero.net/index.php

C, N. (2014, June). Bacarra Pictures. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://www.tripadvisor.com/LocationPhotos

Corpuz, M. (2010, August 30). Retrieved December 11, 2014, from https://www.flickr.com/photos/mmncrpz/

Fort Ilocandia Resort Hotel. (n.d.). Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://www.fortilocandia.com.ph

Jove, G. K. (2011, March 28). Retrieved December 11, 2014, from Panoramio: http://www.panoramio.com/photo/

National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (n.d.). National Registry of Historic Sites and Structures in the Philippines. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://nhcphistoricsites.blogspot.hk/search/label/Juan%20Luna

Norte, I. (2011, October 14). Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://www.panoramio.com/photo

Official Website of Ilocos Norte. (n.d.). Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://inorte.org/?page_id=462

Pasuquin, I. N. (2013, February 3). The Historical Watch Tower of Puyupuyan. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from https://www.facebook.com/media

Philippine Daily Inquirer. (2012, November 21). Inquirer Northern Luzon. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/310819/museum-hopes-to-put- ilocos-town-on-tourism-map

Ruins of the Vijia Watch Tower. (n.d.). Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://www.bacarra.gov.ph/?p=443&print=pdf

Sicangco, E. (n.d.). Tarlagueno Traveler. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://tarlaquenotraveler.blogspot.hk/2013/03/learning-bits-and-pieces-at-museo.html

Subia, E. (2006, April 08). TrekEarth. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://www.trekearth.com/gallery/Asia/Philippines/Ilocos/Ilocos_Norte/Laoag_City

The Pinay Wanderer. (2014, August 24). Retrieved December 11, 2014, from http://www.thepinaywanderer.com/2014/08/ilocos-norte-a-day-in-laoag-accommodation- city-day-night-walking-tour-etc.html

UNESCO. (2013, September 3). Baroque Churches of the Philippines. Retrieved December 12, 2014, from http://www.explorer-philippines.com/beta/2013/03/09/baroque- churches-of-the-philippines/

Yanos, A. (2012, July). Alaric Yanos Photos. Retrieved December 11, 2014, from https://www.facebook.com/AlaricYanosPhotos/photos/

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 11-26

Table of contents

1. Introduction...... 1

2. Project Description ...... 1

3. Assessment Methodology ...... 1 4. Land Use Assessment ...... 1

5. Noise and Vibration Assessment ...... 1

6. Biodiversity and Conservation ...... 1 7. Marine Ecology and Seawater Quality ...... 1

8. Water and Drainage Assessment ...... 1

9. Soil and Groundwater Contamination Assessment ...... 1 10. Air Quality Assessment ...... 1

11. Heritage and Cultural Assessment ...... 1

12. Traffic, Access and Safety Assessment ...... 12-1 12.1 Introduction ...... 12-1 12.2 Assessment Methodology ...... 12-1 12.3 Existing Conditions ...... 12-1 12.4 Impact Assessment ...... 12-12 12.5 Conclusions ...... 12-15

Table index

Table 12-1 Classification and road condition in the Municipality of Burgos ...... 12-2

Table 12-2 Classification and road condition in the Municipality of Pasuquin ...... 12-2

Table 12-3 Classification and road condition in the Municipality of Bacarra ...... 12-8 Table 12-4 Classification and condition of road in Laoag City ...... 12-8

Table 12-5 Key impacts and proposed mitigation/enhancement measures ...... 12-16

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | i

Figure index

Figure 12-1 Access Roads near Transmission Towers (BL001–BL020) in the Municipality of Burgos ...... 12-3

Figure 12-2 Access Roads near Transmission Towers (BL021–BL042) in the Municipality of Burgos ...... 12-4 Figure 12-3 Access Roads near Transmission Towers (BL043–BL069) in the Municipality of Pasuquin ...... 12-5

Figure 12-4 Access Roads near Transmission Towers (BL069–BL091) in the Municipality of Pasuquin ...... 12-6

Figure 12-5 Access Roads near Transmission Towers (BL092–BL113) in the Municipality of Pasuquin ...... 12-7 Figure 12-6 Access Roads near Transmission Towers (BL114–BL135) in the Municipality of Bacarra ...... 12-9

Figure 12-7 Access Roads near Transmission Towers (BL136–BL148) in Laoag City ...... 12-10 Figure 12-8 Access Road from the Jetty Project to Burgos Wind Project...... 12-11

Figure 12-9 Temporary access road built during the construction of the Jetty Project ...... 12-13

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | ii

12. Traffic, Access and Safety Assessment

12.1 Introduction

This section describes the baseline profile of the transport environment, assesses project impacts and formulates mitigating measures to minimise potential traffic impacts associated with the operation and maintenance of the Transmission Line and Jetty Projects. Traffic impacts encountered during the construction phase was also discussed.

12.2 Assessment Methodology

The assessment was conducted through review of available secondary data from the Municipal Profiles of the project impact areas and desktop review of information provided by EBWPC.

GIS mapping was undertaken to show the access roads leading to the transmission lines while interviews were undertaken to supplement the available secondary data.

12.3 Existing Conditions

Laoag City and the three municipalities, namely Bacarra, Pasuquin and Burgos, are all traversed by the Manila North Road or the National Highway. The National Highway is an undivided two-lane road running on the north–south direction. It provides linkage between Laoag City in the south and other municipalities of Ilocos Norte in the north. It is also used to connect the Province of Ilocos Norte to other provinces in Northern Luzon such as Ilocos Sur and La Union in the south and Cagayan and Isabela in Region 2.

12.3.1 Road Network

Roads in relation to Transmission Line/Towers The construction of the transmission towers and transmission line stringing was accomplished through use of existing roads and establishment of temporary access roads. This section describes existing road networks found in the municipalities covering the transmission line project, including new access roads that were opened for purposes of constructing the transmission towers within the direct impact areas.

Municipality of Burgos

The road network in the Municipality of Burgos comprises about 16 km national roads, 20.593 km provincial roads, 5.25 km municipal roads and 78.478 barangay roads. Of the total length of road in the Municipality of Burgos, about 29.71 km are concreted, 1.23 km are asphalted and 10.89 km are gravelled (Table 12-1)

Presented in Figure 12-1 and Figure 12-2 are the Transmission Towers in the Municipality of Burgos relative the access roads closest to the towers.

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 12-1

Table 12-1 Classification and road condition in the Municipality of Burgos Classification Road condition Road Concrete (km) Asphalt (km) Gravel (km) Earthen (km) length (km) National 15.45 0.55 0 0 16.00 Provincial 9.29 0.68 10.62 0.68 20.59 Municipal 4.97 0 0.27 0 5.25 Total 29.71 1.23 10.89 0.68 41.84

Municipality of Pasuquin

Road network and bridges servicing the entire Poblacion areas in Pasuquin have an approximate total length of 27.24 km, of which 2.500 km is national road, 2.914 km provincial road and 21.826 km municipal road (Table 12-2). Road condition, whether concreted, asphalted, or earthen/gravelled are also presented.

The access roads closest to the Transmission Towers in the Municipality of Pasuquin are shown in Figure 12-3 to Figure 12-5.

Table 12-2 Classification and road condition in the Municipality of Pasuquin Classification Road condition Road length Concrete (km) Asphalt (km) Earthen/Gravel (km) (km) Municipal 11.148 0 10.678 21.826 Provincial 0.750 0.844 1.319 2.914 National 0 2.500 (overlay) 0 2.500 Total 11.898 3.344 11.997 27.241 Source: (Pasuquin Municipal Planning and Development Office, 2010)

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 12-2 250,000 250,250 250,500 250,750 251,000 251,250 251,500 251,750 252,000 2,051,500 2,051,500 2,051,250 2,051,250 2,051,000 2,051,000 Saoit

BL-003 BL-002 ?! ?! BL-001 ?! ?! 2,050,750 ?! BL-004 2,050,750 BL-005 ?! BL-006 ?! BL-007 Burgos

2,050,500 ?! BL-008 2,050,500

?! BL-009

?! BL-010 BL-012 ?!

2,050,250 ?! BL-011 2,050,250 BL-013 ?! BL-014?! BL-015 ! BL-016 ?! ? il BL-017 an 4x4 Tr a 2,050,000 raw 2,050,000 urpu ?! ap K

Poblacion BL-018 ?! 2,049,750 2,049,750 BL-020 ?! BL-019 ?!

!(!(!( !(!(!( !(!( !(!(!(!( !(!( !( !(!( !( !(!(!(!( !(!(

2,049,500 !( 2,049,500 !( !( !( !(!(!( !(!( !(!( !(!( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Burgos !( !( !(!( Bangui !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Pasuquin !(

2,049,250 !( 2,049,250 !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( Bacarra Vintar !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !(!(!(!( 2,049,000 2,049,000 Laoag City

Piddig San Nicolas Sarrat

250,000 250,250 250,500 250,750 251,000 251,250 251,500 251,750 252,000 LEGEND ?! Transmission Tower Municipality

Transmission Line Road Barangay

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower 0 0125 250 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Revision Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Access roads near Transmission Towers Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o (BL001-BL022) in the Municipality of Burgos Figure 12-1 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig12-1_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth - Satellite Imagery (Date captured: 2015/01/07). Created by:jcmatic 244,000 245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000 249,000 2,053,000 2,053,000 2,052,000 2,052,000

Pagali

2,051,000 Jetty 2,051,000

Saoit 2,050,000 2,050,000

BL-022 BL-024 BL-023 BL-025 BL-026 BL-027 BL-021 Ablan Sarat BL-028

2,049,000 BL-029 2,049,000

BL-030 Poblacion BL-031 Buduan

BL-032 y wa BL-033 igh a H ik BL-034 Burgos rl BL-035 2,048,000 a 2,048,000 h a y/M wa igh Pan - Philippine H BL-036

BL-037 Bayog

Bobon BL-038

!(!(!( !(!(!( !(!( !(!(!(!( !(!( !( !(!( !( !(!(!(!( !(!( !( !( !( !( !(!(!( BL-039 !( !( !(!( !(!( BL-040 !( !( !( !( 2,047,000 !( 2,047,000 !( !( !( !( Burgos !( !( !(!( Bangui !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( BL-041 !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( BL-042 !( !( Pasuquin !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Paayas !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( Bacarra Vintar !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(

2,046,000 !( 2,046,000 !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !(!(!(!(

Laoag City

Piddig San Nicolas Sarrat

244,000 245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000 249,000 LEGEND ?! Transmission Tower Highway Barangay ! Sampling Site A Municipality

Transmission Line Road

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower 0 0 500 1,000 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Revision Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Access roads near Transmission Towers Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o (BL021-BL042) in the Municipality of Burgos Figure 12-2 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig12-2_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth - Satellite Imagery (Date captured: 2015/01/07). Created by:jcmatic 242,000 243,000 244,000 245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000

?!BL-043 Bobon 2,046,000 ?!BL-044 2,046,000

BL-045 ?! Bayog ?!BL-046 ?!BL-047 Paayas 2,045,000 2,045,000 ?!BL-048 Burgos

?!BL-049 ?!BL-050 2,044,000 2,044,000 ?! BL-051 Pasuquin ?!BL-052

BL-053 2,043,000 ?! 2,043,000 Davila ?!BL-054 ?! BL-055

Agaga ?!BL-056 2,042,000 2,042,000 ?!BL-057 ?!BL-058 ?!BL-059 2,041,000 2,041,000

P BL-060

a n ?!

i l i p BL-061 p i n ?! e

g h w BL-062 a

2,040,000 y ?! 2,040,000 /M a BL-063 h a rl ?! ik a Dilavo H ig h !(!(!( w !(!(!( !(!( !(!(!(!( !(!( a !( !(!( !( !(!(!(!( !(!( !( y !( !( !( !(!(!( BL-064 !( !( !(!( !(!( !( !( !( ?! !( !( !( !( !( !( Burgos !( !( BL-065 !(!( Bangui !( !(

2,039,000 !( 2,039,000 !( !( ?! !( !( !( !( !( !( !( BL-066 !( !( !( !( !( !( ?! !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Pasuquin !( !( !( !( !( BL-067 !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( ?! !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( BL-068 !( !( !( !( !(!( Bacarra Vintar !( ?! !( !( !( !( !(

2,038,000 !( 2,038,000 !( !( !( !( !( BL-069 !( !( !( !(!( !( Sapat ?! !( !( !(!(!(!(

Laoag City Caruan

Piddig San Nicolas Sarrat

242,000 243,000 244,000 245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000 LEGEND ?! Transmission Tower Barangay

Transmission Line Municipality Road Highway

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower 0 0500 1,000 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Revision Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Access roads near Transmission Towers Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o (BL043-BL069) in the Municipality of Pasuquin Figure 12-3 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig12-3_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth - Satellite Imagery (Date captured: 2015/01/07). Created by:jcmatic 245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000 249,000 250,000

a n Dilavo 2,038,000 2,038,000 - P h il BL-069 ip ?! p i n e H i g h w a BL-070 y

/ ?!

h BL-071

r l ! i ?

a 2,037,000 2,037,000 H

i g h BL-072 w ?! a

BL-073 ?! Caruan ?! BL-074 2,036,000 2,036,000

BL-075 ?!

?! BL-076

?! BL-077 2,035,000 2,035,000

BL-078 ?! Sulongan

BL-079 Pasuquin an?! ng o Brgy S ul ?! BL-080 2,034,000 2,034,000 BL-081 ?! Sapat ?! BL-082

BL-083 ?! Estancia

2,033,000 ?! BL-084 2,033,000

BL-085 ?!

!(!(!(!( BL-086 !(!( ! !( ? !( !(!(!( !(!( !( !(!( !( !(!(!(!( !(!( !( !( !( !( !(!(!( !(!( BL-087 !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !( !( ! !( ? !( !( Burgos

2,032,000 !( 2,032,000 !( !( !(!( Bangui !( !( !( Susugaen BL-088 !( !( !( !( !( !( Salpad !( ?! !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( BL-089 !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Pasuquin !( ?! !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( BL-090 !( !( !( !( !(!( !( Nalvo !( !( !( ?! !( !(!( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( Bacarra Vintar !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( BL-091 !( !( !( 2,031,000 Nagsanga !( 2,031,000 !( !(!( !( ?! !( !( !(!(!(!( Sulbec Laoag City

Piddig Pragata San Nicolas SarratSan Juan 245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000 249,000 250,000 LEGEND ?! Transmission Tower Barangay

Transmission Line Municipality Road Highway

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower Revision 0 0 500 1,000 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Access roads near Transmission Towers Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o (BL069-BL091) in the Municipality of Pasuquin Figure 12-4 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig12-4_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth - Satellite Imagery (Date captured: 2015/01/07). Created by:jcmatic 246,000 247,000 248,000 249,000 250,000 Nagsanga Salpad Nalvo Sapat ?!BL-092

?!BL-093

?!BL-094 Sulbec 2,030,000 2,030,000 ?!BL-095 Pragata

?!BL-096 San Juan BL-097 Poblacion 4 ?! Poblacion 1 2,029,000 2,029,000 ?!BL-098

BL-099 ?!

?! BL-100 Puyupuyan Poblacion 2

?! BL-101 Surong 2,028,000 2,028,000 Pasuquin ?! BL-102 BL-103?!

Batuli ?! BL-104

BL-105 2,027,000 ?! Tabungao 2,027,000

BL-106 Naglicuan ?! Dilanis BL-107?!

BL-108?! 2,026,000 BL-109 2,026,000

!(!(!( !(!(!( !(!( !(!(!(!( !(!( !( !(!( !( !(!(!(!( ?! Dadaeman !(!( !( !( !( !( !(!(!( !(!( !(!( !(!( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( BL-110 !( Burgos ?! !( !( !( !(!( Bangui !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( BL-111 !( !( !( !( !( Binsang !( !( !( ?! !( !( !( !( !( !( Ngabangab !( !( !( Pasuquin !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !( BL-112 !( !(!( ?! !( !( !( !( 2,025,000 !( 2,025,000 !( !( !(!( Bacarra Vintar !( !( !( Darupidip Pangil !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( ?! BL-113 !( !( !(!(!(!( Laoag City Santa Piddig Carusipan San Nicolas CatalinaSarrat 246,000 247,000 248,000 249,000 250,000 LEGEND ?! Transmission Tower Barangay

Transmission Line Municipality Road Highway

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower 0 0 500 1,000 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Revision Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Access roads near Transmission Towers Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o (BL092-BL113) in the Municipality of Pasuquin Figure 12-5 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig12-5_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth - Satellite Imagery (Date captured: 2015/01/07). Created by:jcmatic

Municipality of Bacarra

The Municipality of Bacarra has a total road network of about 372.63 km, where 17.36 km is national road, 27.74 km is provincial road, 44.19 km is municipal road and 277.34 km is barangay road. The condition of road in the municipality is presented in Table 12-3.

Table 12-3 Classification and road condition in the Municipality of Bacarra Classification Road condition Total length Concrete Asphalt (km) Earthen (km) Gravelled (km) (km) (km) National 8.680 8.68 0 0 17.36 Provincial 16.268 0.98 0 10.49 27.74 Municipal 42.489 1.70 0 0 44.19 Barangay 74.180 0 29.990 173.17 277.34 Total 141.616 11.36 29.990 183.66 366.63 Source: (Bacarra Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator, 2012)

Laoag City

The road network in Laoag City follows a radial-circumferential network. Laoag City is accessible to and from other provinces and the rest of the Luzon Island through the national highway or the Manila North Road with a total length of 32.24; city roads and barangay roads have total lengths of 128.479 and 269.202, respectively (Table 12-4).

Figure 12-7 shows the location of transmission towers relative to the road network of Laoag City.

Table 12-4 Classification and condition of road in Laoag City Classification Road condition Length (km) Concrete Asphalt Gravel National roads 15.276 15.988 0.976 32.240 City roads 104.532 15.675 8.272 128.479 Barangay roads 54.024 5.085 212.093 269.202 Total 116.993 37.199 275.729 429.921 Source: (Laoag City Planning and Development Office)

Jetty The Jetty Project is about 6 km from the Burgos Wind Farm and can be accessed through the Manila North Road or the national highway (Figure 12-8). The temporary access road, which is about 0.27 km from the National Highway, was established for the Jetty Project.

GHD | Report for EDC Burgos Wind Power Corporation - EDC Transmission Line and Jetty Projects, 71/12098 | 12-8 244,000 245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000 Ngabangab

Darupidip Binsang ?! BL-114 Carusipan

?! BL-115 2,024,000 2,024,000

?! BL-116 Pungto Tubburan Cadaratan

Calioet-Libong ?! BL-117 Duripes

Pasngal

2,023,000 BL-118 2,023,000 ?! Cabusligan Natba BL-119 Cabulalaan ?! Teppang Pipias BL-120 ?!

?! BL-121 2,022,000 2,022,000 ?! BL-122 Bani

Casilian Corocor ?! BL-123

?! BL-124

2,021,000 ?! BL-125 2,021,000 Libtong Cabaruan San Pulangi ?! BL-126 Vicente

Ganagan ?! BL-127 San Gabriel II San Tambidao

2,020,000 Agustin II 2,020,000 Bgy. No. ?! BL-128 Santo 60-B, Cristo I Madiladig

?! BL-129 San Simon I

!(!(!(!( Sangil San !(!( !( !(!(!(!( !(!( Bgy. !(!( !( !(!(!(!( !( BL-130 ?! Santa !(!( !( !( !( Roque!(!( I !(!( !(!( No. 59-A, !( !( Rita !(!( !( !( !( !( 2,019,000 Dibua South !( 2,019,000 !( !( !( !( Burgos !( Santa !( !(!( Bangui !( !( !( !( !( Filomena I !( ?! BL-131 !( Bgy. No. 61, !( !( !( Santa !( !( !( !( !( Cataban !( BL-132 !( !( Filomena II !( !( !( !( !( !( ?! !( !( !( !( Pasuquin BL-133 !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Bgy. ?! !( !( !( !( !( !( !( No. 59-B, !(!( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( Dibua North !( Pasiocan !( ?! BL-134 !( !( !( !( !(!( Bacarra Vintar !( !( !( Buyon!( !( !( !( !( !( Bgy. No. !( !( !(

2,018,000 !( 2,018,000 !( !( !(!( 57, Pila !( ?! BL-135 !( !( !(!(!(!(

Laoag City

Piddig San Nicolas Sarrat

244,000 245,000 246,000 247,000 248,000 LEGEND ?! Transmission Tower Barangay

Transmission Line Municipality Road Highway

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower 0 0 500 1,000 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Revision Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Access roads near Transmission Towers Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o (BL114-BL135) in the Municipality of Bacarra Figure 12-6 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig12-6_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth - Satellite Imagery (Date captured: 2015/01/07). Created by:jcmatic 245,000 246,000 247,000 Santa Rita

Sangil 2,018,000 2,018,000

ay hw ig H Pasiocan a lik ar ah /M ay hw ig H BL-136 e in ?! pp ili h P BL-137 - Buyon n

?! P Bgy. No. 59-B, Dibua North

BL-138 ?! 2,017,000 2,017,000

. e v A o d n u g e Bgy. No. S BL-139 57, Pila ?!

BL-140 ?!

Bgy. No. 55-C, Vira

BL-141 ?! 2,016,000 2,016,000

BL-142 ?!

Bgy. No. BL-143BL-145 BL-146 55-A, ! BL-148 ? !(!(!( !(!( ?! !(!( !( ! !(!(!(!( ? !( ! !( !( !(!(!(!(!( ? !( !( !(!( ?! !( Barit-Pandan ?! !( !( !( !(!(!( !(!( BL-147 !(!( !(!( !( BL-144 !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( Burgos Bgy. No. 55-B, !( !( !(!( Bangui !( !( !( Salet-Bulangon !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( . !( !( !( e !( !( !( v !( !( !( Bgy. No. 4, A !( !( !( !( !( o !( Pasuquin !( !( San Guillermo !( d !( !( !( !( n !( !( !( u !( !( !( g !( Bgy. No. 3, !( !( e !(!( !( !( !( S !( Bgy. No. Nstra. Sra. !(!( !( . !( !( !( n !( !( 2, Santa Del Rosario e !( !( !(!( Bacarra Vintar !( G !( !( !( Joaquina !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !( !(!( !( !( !( !(!(!(!(

Bgy. Laoag City

No. 21, Piddig San Pedro San Nicolas Sarrat 2,015,000 2,015,000 245,000 246,000 247,000 LEGEND ?! Transmission Tower Barangay

Transmission Line Municipality Road Highway

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower Revision 0 0 250 500 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Access roads near Transmission Towers Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o (BL136-BL148) in the Municipality of Bacarra Figure 12-7 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig12-7_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth - Satellite Imagery (Date captured: 2015/01/07). Created by:jcmatic 247,600 247,900 248,200 248,500 248,800 249,100

Burgos Bangui 2,051,700 2,051,700

Pasuquin

Bacarra Vintar

Laoag City 2,051,400 2,051,400 Piddig San Nicolas Sarrat

Pagali 2,051,100 2,051,100

Jetty 2,050,800 2,050,800

P an 2,050,500 - 2,050,500 P hi lip p in e H i g h

a y Saoit / M

l i k

2,050,200 i 2,050,200 g

y Ablan Sarat 2,049,900 2,049,900

BL-022 BL-023 BL-024

2,049,600 247,600 247,900 248,200 248,500 248,800 249,100 2,049,600 LEGEND Highway A! Sampling Site Barangay ?! Transmission Tower Municipality

Transmission Line Road

Job Number 71-12098 Paper Size A3 EDC Burgos Wind Prower Revision 0 0 150 300 ESIA for the Transmission Line and Jetty Project Date 19 Jan 2016 Meters Map Projection: Transverse Mercator Access roads from Jetty Project to Horizontal Datum: WGS 1984 Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 51N o Burgos Wind Project Figure 12-8 G:\71\12098\GIS\Maps\MXD\BurgosTL&Jetty\Rev 0\7112098_Fig12-8_rev0.mxd 11/F Alphaland Southgate Tower, 2258 Chino Roces Avenue corner EDSA, Makati City 1232 Philippines T 63 2 479 5600 F 63 2 479 5601 E [email protected] W www.ghd.com © 2016. Whilst every care has been taken to prepare this map, GHD, EDC and NAMRIA make no representations or warranties about its accuracy, reliability, completeness or suitability for any particular purpose and cannot accept liability and responsibility of any kind (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) for any expenses, losses, damages and/or costs (including indirect or consequential damage) which are or may be incurred by any party as a result of the map being inaccurate, incomplete or unsuitable in any way and for any reason. Data source: EDC - Transmission Towers and Line (2014). NAMRIA - Municipality, Road, River. Google Earth - Satellite Imagery (Date captured: 2015/01/07). Created by:jcmatic

12.3.2 Public Transport

Municipality of Burgos Public transportation in the municipality is dominated by motorized tricycle. As of 2010, there are 165 tricycle units in the municipality that regularly used as inter-town and inter-barangay transport. One jeepney is also recorded plying Agaga–Poblacion route.

Regular buses and public utility jeeps that ply Laoag City–Burgos and vice versa and those that ply Laoag City–Pagudpud/Bangui/Dumalneg, Laoag City–Cagayan/Isabela routes run and connect the town to its neighboring municipalities as far north and south.

Municipality of Pasuquin Similar with other towns in the region, tricycle is the most common public utility vehicle in the Municipality of Pasuquin. Tricycle is used by passengers as inter-town and inter-barangay transportation. Public utility jeepneys serve the route of Pasuquin–Laoag while mini-buses are also observed plying the Laoag–Cagayan and Laoag–Pagudpud road via Pasuquin and vice versa. Several public utility bus companies also served the Pasuquin–Manila and vice versa and Cagayan–Manila route via Pasuquin. This includes Maria De Leaon bus, Farinas Trans, RCJ Lines/Trans, and Florida Transport.

Municipality of Bacarra Motorized tricycle is also the most dominant form of public transportation in the Municipality of Bacarra with about 1,320 franchises in 2012. About 140 jeepneys were also recorded plying route within the municipality. Further, at least four bus lines are stationed in the municipality which travels to Isabela and Manila route.

Laoag City Transportation inside Laoag City, especially in the central business district, is dominated by motorized tricycle. A small number of calesa or hose-driven carriages also ply the city streets and used mostly by tourists. External routes are served by jeepneys, operating from the city proper to rural barangays of Laoag City as well as neighboring towns. Ten bus companies, which ply the Laoag-Manila, Laoag-Cagayan and Laoag-Baguio, were also stationed in the city.

12.3.3 Traffic Movements

Road traffic is manageable in the three municipalities, even on school days or market days. On the other hand, there is light to moderate traffic in Laoag City Proper, especially during rush hours.

The Jetty and most of the transmission towers are located in rural areas and are distant from the town/city proper.

12.4 Impact Assessment

12.4.1 Construction Phase

Traffic congestion impact was experienced during construction phase since some of the transmission towers (BL001–BL020) were built proximate to areas being frequented by tourists, specifically in the areas of the Kapurpurawan Rock Formation and Palpalokada Landscape. Similarly, establishment of 146 lateral access roads from the existing roads to the tower sites had substantial impact on road users, workers and pedestrian accessibility during the construction phase.

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The Jetty, which was located 0.27 km from the National Highway and proximate to a community, has no existing road. To address impacts on traffic and limit use of public roads, EBWPC and its contractor established temporary access road (Figure 12-9). Furthermore, based on the interview with the Health Safety and Environment (HSE) Officers of EBWPC and its contractor (First Balfour), traffic was not an issue during the construction phase since delivery of materials were undertaken during lean hours/days or off-peak tourist season. Traffic management activities were also implemented such as temporary traffic control, speed limit, and installation and maintenance of warning signs.

Figure 12-9 Temporary access road built during the construction of the Jetty Project

12.4.2 Operation Phase Assessment

Key impacts that are identified during operation and maintenance of the Transmission Line (TL) and Jetty Projects as well as mitigation and enhancement measures are discussed in this section.

The operation and maintenance of transmission towers (i.e. maintenance activities and replacement of TL parts) and jetty (i.e. delivery of materials) may increase traffic in the local area. However, the impact is minimal, and is being mitigated by implementing the traffic management plan. Five Right-of-Way (ROW) Patrol Officers were hired to be in-charge of securing the Transmission Line. Visual checks such as completeness of tower parts, and checking on any sign of construction that may obstruct horizontal and vertical clearance will be conducted by the ROW Patrol Officers. The use of access road to and from the Transmission Tower is limited for inspection, weekly meetings, and others such as resolving community grievances as may be needed. Thus impact of traffic due to the operation and maintenance of the Transmission Line is minimal and insignificant.

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EBWPC has a plan to decommission the project; however, exact date has not been determined. At present, a security guard was employed to ensure that the public do not use the facility for any purposes (Plate 12-1); hence preventing any incidents or risks. The facility will be maintained as such, manned by a security guard, until its decommissioning phase.

Plate 12-1 Security guard assigned in Jetty Project

12.4.3 Evaluation of Impact and Mitigation Measures

Transmission Line About 20 transmission towers (BL001–BL020) were built near the access road leading to Kapurpurawan Rock Formation and Palpalokada Landscape, whilst one transmission tower (BL031) was built using the access road leading to Cape Bojeador. Two transmission towers were identified to be located along the National Highway. These are towers BL102 and BL144, which are about 20 m and 10 m, respectively from the National Highway. All the other transmission lines were built in barangays that are considerably distant from the national highway. However, provincial, municipal and barangay roads are traversed to reach these transmission towers. Foot trails within agricultural areas are also used to reach most of the towers.

Potential impacts of transmission tower operation and maintenance activities are minimal and are being addressed by observing traffic rules and implementing the traffic management plan (Appendix S).

In case repair and maintenance (such as replacement of wires) of transmission towers are needed, the following measures will be undertaken:

Coordination with the municipal and barangay LGUs, DPWH and NGCP to inform about the repair and maintenance activities of transmission towers

Dissemination of repair and maintenance information to the relevant local media to help inform the public

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Establishment of a temporary traffic control and protective set-up to ensure that destructions and other hindrances are reduced

Installation of traffic signals (traffic lights, advance warnings signs, pavement markings)

Implementation of speed limit

Jetty Potential increase in traffic that may lead to accident might occur during the operation of Jetty. The Jetty was built for transport of materials and equipment needed for the Burgos Wind Project, thus, it is expected that overload and over dimensional materials, such as wind turbine components, are delivered.

To minimise impacts of Jetty operation (such as delivery of over dimensional materials) on road and pedestrian safety in the Municipality of Burgos, contractors will be implementing similar procedures that were observed during delivery of the over dimensional materials on site. This includes scheduling of materials delivery as ‘special’ trips such that it will be undertaken or accommodated during lean hours or lean days of the week. Permitting and/or compliance on rules particularly on occupational health and safety with the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) and with the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) for overload/over dimensional goods will be obtained. Further, permits and/or clearances from the concerned municipal and barangay LGUs will be obtained prior to transporting materials and equipment from the Jetty.

Traffic Management Plan In addition to implementing traffic management plan (Appendix S) during the operation of Jetty, the following activities were observed to ensure safety and security not only for the workers but more importantly for other road users (i.e. tourists, school children and local people):

Coordination with the municipal and barangay LGUs and the Philippine National Police (PNP) to provide convoy in transporting any materials and equipment from the Jetty

Dissemination of information on the movements of abnormal load convoys to the relevant local media to help inform the public

Establishment of a temporary traffic control and protective set-up to ensure that destructions and other hindrances are reduced

Installation of traffic signals (traffic lights, advance warning signs, pavement markings)

Road improvements, when necessary

12.5 Conclusions

Traffic access and safety-related impacts associated with the operation and maintenance of Transmission Towers and the Transmission Line will be insignificant given that most towers are not located along the National Highway and near tourist spots. Likewise, minimal number of personnel is expected to work during the operation and maintenance phase. Nevertheless, traffic management plan will be implemented and traffic rules to be observed to ensure safety and security of both workers and other road users.

Significant impact is associated during the operation of Jetty, especially during delivery of materials and equipment. These impacts, however, can be appropriately mitigated through the implementation of the traffic management plan, coordination with the concerned LGUs, and disseminating information to the public. Appropriate escort system will also be undertaken during delivery of overload and oversize materials to ensure road and pedestrian safety to all road users. The summary of impacts and mitigation measures are presented in Table 12-5.

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Table 12-5 Key impacts and proposed mitigation/enhancement measures

Key impacts Phases Potential Options for prevention/ significance mitigation or enhancement

Construction Operation TL Jetty

Traffic congestion due to Low Low Observe traffic rules delivery of materials, Coordination with the replacement of tower LGUs, DPWH and parts, and maintenance NGCP about repair and activities maintenance IECs of repair and maintenance information Establishment of

temporary traffic control

Vehicular and pedestrian Low Low and protective set-up accident Installation of traffic signals Implementation of speed limit Implementation of traffic management plan

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