HISTORICAL NOMINATION of the Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House 4399 Hermosa Way ~ Mission Hills Neighborhood ,

Ronald V. May, RPA Kiley Wallace Legacy 106, Inc. P.O. Box 15967 San Diego, CA 92175 (858) 459-0326 (760) 704-7373 www.legacy106.com February 2017

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HISTORIC HOUSE RESEARCH Ronald V. May, RPA, President and Principal Investigator Kiley Wallace, Vice President and Architectural Historian P.O. Box 15967 • San Diego, CA 92175 Phone (858) 459-0326 • http://www.legacy106.com

“At-a-Glance” Report Summary Property Information & Applicable Criteria

Resource Type: Building / single family residence Resource Name (per HRB naming policy): The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House Resource Address: 4399 Hermosa Way, San Diego CA, 92103 (Mission Hills community) APN: 443-290-01-00 Requesting Mills Act? Y  N  Date of Construction: 1924 Architect/Builder: Unknown Prior Resource Address (if relocated): Date of Relocation:

Applicant’s Name: Ronald V. May, RPA & Kiley Wallace Owner’s Name: Paul Yong & Carol Yong Address: Legacy 106, Inc. Address: 4399 Hermosa Way ____ P.O. Box 15967 San Diego, CA 92175 San Diego, CA 92103 ____ Phone #: (858) 459-0326 & (760) 704-7373 __ Phone #: (858) 357-7418 & (619) 322-8102 Email: [email protected] & Email:[email protected] [email protected][email protected]______The resource is being nominated for designation as a historical resource under:  HRB Criterion A as a special element of the City’s, a community’s or a neighborhood’s  historical development  archaeological development  cultural development  social development  economic development  political development  aesthetic development  engineering development  landscaping development  architectural development for the following reason(s):

 HRB Criterion B for its association with Fred A. Heilbron who is significant in local, state or national history for the following reason(s): A prominent local politician and businessman, Heilbron crusaded to ensure that present and future generations of San Diego County residents had an adequate supply of water. The San Diego County Water Authority, which he co-founded and headed for nearly 30 years, was responsible for bringing the first River water to San Diego.

 HRB Criterion C as a good/excellent example of Spanish Revival / Eclectic style with Mediterranean influences.

 HRB Criterion D as a notable work of , a Master .  Previously established as a Master  Proposed as a Master

 HRB Criterion E as a property which has been determined eligible by the National Park Service for listing on the National Register of Historic Places or is listed or has been determined eligible by the State Historical Preservation Office for listing on the State Register of Historical Resources.

 HRB Criterion F as a contributing resource to the Historical District.

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“At-a-Glance” Report Summary Required Forms and Documentation

Check Yes or No, indicating whether or not the following required documentation has been provided:

Report Copies Y N Provide one copy of the Historical Resource Research Report, stapled at the corner.

Department of Parks and Recreation Forms Y N Primary Record (523a) Y N BSO Record (523b) Y N Archaeological Record (523c) (if applicable) Y N District Record (523d) (if applicable) Y N Location Map (523j) (if applicable) Y N Sketch Map (523k) (if applicable) Y N Continuation Sheet (523l)

Attachment A Attachment B Y N Assessor’s Record Y N Chain of Title Y N Notice of Completion Y N Directory Search Y N Water / Sewer Records Y N Deed from Date of Construction Y N Building Permits Y N Previous Survey Forms

Attachment C Attachment D Y N City SD 800 Scale Eng Maps Y N Historical and Transitional Photos Y N USGS Maps Y N Current Photos of North Elevation Y N Original Subdivision Map Y N Current Photos of East Elevation Y N 1886/1887 Sanborn Y N Current Photos of South Elevation Y N 1906 Sanborn Y N Current Photos of West Elevation Y N 1921 Sanborn Y N 1940 Sanborn Y N 1950 Sanborn Y N 1956 Sanborn

Attachment E Attachment F Y N Criterion A Documentation Y N Bibliography Y N Criterion B Documentation Y N Criterion C Documentation Y N Criterion D Documentation Y N Criterion E Documentation Y N Criterion F Documentation

3 State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial ______NRHP Status Code 3S Other Listings ______Review Code _____ Reviewer ______Date ______

Page 3 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

P1. Other Identifier: 4399 Hermosa Way, San Diego, CA 92103

*P2. Location: Not for Publication Unrestricted *a. County: San Diego and (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a Location Map as necessary.) *b. USGS 7.5' Quad: La Jolla Date: 2015 T ; R ; ¼ of ¼ of Sec ; M.D. B.M. c. Address: 4399 Hermosa Way City: San Diego Zip: 92103 d. UTM: Zone: 11 ; mE/ mN (G.P.S.)

e. Other Locational Data: (e.g., parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc.) Elevation: 380 feet Legal Description: Villa Lot 32 of Mission Hills in the City of San Diego, County of San Diego, State of California, according to map thereof No. 1115 filed in the office of the County Recorder of said San Diego County, January 20, 1908. It is Tax Assessor’s Parcel (APN) # 443-290-01-00.

*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries). This house is a excellent two-story example of the Spanish Revival/Eclectic style with Mediterranean Revival influences. It is a large single-family residence built in 1924 on a rear canyon lot in the Mission Hills neighborhood of San Diego. The home has a rectangular front facing L-shaped plan and features a detached single car garage added later near the front of the lot. The front elevation faces west onto Hermosa Way and features a raised front patio enclosed by a low site wall. The home utilizes an asymmetrical but balanced façade with repeating Mission clay tile hipped roof, sandy stucco surfacing and arched window groupings. (See Continuation Sheet.)

*P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) (HP2) Single family property *P4. Resources Present: Building Structure Object Site District Element of District P5b. Description of Photo: (View, date, accession #) View of west (front) elevation. Photo by Dan Soderberg, January 2017. *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Sources: Historic Prehistoric Both Residential Building Record, 1924. Tax Assessor’s lot and block book, first assessed 1925. Sewer record is dated August 28, 1924. Historic photo shows the house circa 1927.

*P7. Owner and Address: Paul and Carol Yong 4399 Hermosa Way San Diego, CA 92103

*P8. Recorded by: (Name, affiliation, and address) Ronald V. May, RPA, and Kiley Wallace, Legacy 106, Inc., P.O. Box 15967, San Diego, CA 92175

*P9. Date Recorded: February 2017 *P10. Survey Type: (Describe) Intensive *P11. Report Citation: (Cite survey report and other sources, or enter "none.") Historical Nomination of the Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House, San Diego, California for the City of San Diego, Historical Resources Board, by Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace, Legacy 106, Inc., January 2017. Legacy 106, Inc. is indebted to Alexandra Wallace and Dan Soderberg for extensive research, and other assistance with the preparation of this report.

*Attachments: NONE Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet Building, Structure, and Object Record Archaeological Record District Record Linear Feature Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List):

DPR 523A *Required Information 4 State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI#

CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 4 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*P3a. Description: (Describe resource and its major elements. Include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting, and boundaries) (Continued): (See Attachment D, Photographs)

The subject property at 4399 Hermosa Way is a Spanish Revival / Eclectic style home and displays an asymmetrical hipped roof façade and a compound L-shaped floor plan. The home also reflects Mediterranean influences which usually have more formal block massing than the more casual rambling facades seen on typical late 1920's Spanish Eclectic style homes. A walled front patio creates a raised entry courtyard with connecting elaborated entry door and double French door flanked connecting to the entryway and dining room. A large two-story stucco chimney with matching hipped roof cap and round clay tile vents is seen on the inside corner of this L-shaped plan. The house has a low pitched Mission red fired tile roof and minimal eave overhang throughout. The home's clay tile roof has repeating regular tile layering of roof tiles. The home also features sandy stucco wall surfacing and original painted wood windows with wooden surrounds and sills throughout. The home has a raised walled entryway courtyard displayed on the front façade facing the street. The home has two stories on the front façade with a third basement level seen at the rear as the topography drops into the canyon. On the southwest corner, a detached garage with a flat roof is visible near the front. The detached single car garage was added after the home was built and is not shown in the 1927 historic photo. Most openings display a crisp edge reveal inset into the stucco surfacing.

This is an excellent example of a Spanish Eclectic home and displays an asymmetrical façade. The home features the architectural features indicative of the Spanish Revival / Eclectic style, which include the low pitched red tile hipped roof, eaves with shallow overhangs, stucco surfacing and multiple arched window openings. The home also exhibits some interesting features of the style including its repeating arched window sets and its prominent elaborated two-story chimney, as well as the use of Italian Renaissance influences and detailing. A simple beltline cornice is seen just between the first and second levels wrapping around the home.

Italian Renaissance details seen on the home consists of the hipped roof, elaborated doorway and the inset double and triple arched windows separated with engaged spiraled Corinthian columns. The home's regularly laid fired clay tiled hipped roof is a typical design seen on Italian Renaissance style homes. Windows and doors are green painted wood unless otherwise noted.

This Spanish Eclectic, also known as the Spanish Colonial revival style, became popular in 1915 with the creation of the California pavilion and other buildings for the Panama California Exposition in San Diego. At the Exposition, architect Bertram Goodhue built upon earlier Mission Revival styles and added a more varied and accurate representation of original 16th century Spanish buildings. This romantic, sophisticated style borrowed from a broader rich vocabulary of Moorish, Spanish Baroque, Renaissance and Mediterranean architectural traditions with detailing often based on actual prototypes in Spain. The San Diego Exposition, along with Goodhue and other designers, publicized and promoted the style's popularity and it became a craze in California in around 1925.

West (Front) Elevation – The front facing L-shaped plan is topped by a hipped roof with mission clay tile roof tiles. A simple stepped cornice is seen just below the eave. From the top, the two-story home utilizes a front façade topped by a central stucco chimney placed at the inside corner edge. This central chimney transitions from a rectangular at the base into a hexagonal design on the upper level and topped by its own miniature hipped roof with matching clay roof tiles. Near the top, stacked round clay tile chimney flues/vents face the front with two rows of six round tiles and show the wide variety of uses for clay tiles beyond roof tiles. Along the upper level, from left to right, a canvas awning supported by wrought iron stanchions with decorative scroll work shelters a double window grouping of rectangular wooden casement windows with three light pattern. To the right, an inset triple arching window set displays three arched top four light wooden windows which are separated and flanked by cast twisting spiral engaged

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 5 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*P3a. Description (continued): columns. Stepped back, to the left of the chimney, a single three light wooden window is also sheltered by a canvas awning with iron stanchions next to a rainwater head and downspout. A simple horizontal beltline sits just below the window sills, separates the upper and lower levels and wraps around the home.

On the lower level, on the left a triple window set utilizes three rectangular casement windows with one- over-one wooden windows with opaque leaded glazing. This window is also sheltered by a red canvas awning supported by scrolling iron stanchions and matches the awning seen just above. These canvas awnings are a typical design seen on Spanish style homes and are in keeping with the Mediterranean influences of the home. To the right, a large multi part wooden focal window incorporates curvilinear top corner edges, a three light transom along the top and a fixed central window with flanking four light casements. This wooden window appears very original and matches the circa 1927 historic photo from the Milton Sessions collection at the San Diego History Center. Stepped back to the left is the entryway raised front courtyard. This transitional indoor/outdoor front patio space is shown in the historic photo and was a popular feature in Spanish designs, especially in Southern California. Also, to the right behind the patio, a stucco chimney, blank back wall and downspout are seen on the lower level.

South (Side) Elevation – As with the rest of the house, the roof has a clay tile hipped roof with minimal overhang and simple eave cornice. This portion of the house faces the raised front entry patio which is surrounded by a stucco half wall. This front rectangular walled entryway patio is inset in the open space between the two-story L-shaped home and the front facing detached garage. The two-story end garage is seen at the valley where the forward facing and side facing wings meet. To the left, on the upper level, an inset double arching window set displays two arched top four light wooden casement windows matching those seen on the front elevation with flanking twisting spiral engaged columns. To the right, two one- over-one wooden rectangular casement windows are placed near the inside corner next to the stucco chimney. The right side window is close to the corner but has just enough clearance room along the chimney with the chamfered corner of the chimney allowing the window to swing open. Pushed out along the extending side wing, a rectangular triple window grouping allows views to the rear canyon. The simple stucco beltline seen on the front elevation continues along the side.

One the first level facing the front patio, a double French door grouping and opening has been restored and allows the home to connect the patio and interior kitchen/dining spaces. This area was walled in by a past owner, but has now been restored in-kind to match historic photos. The double French door set is flanked by matching five light side lights. To the right, the front entry door is surrounded by raised plaster quoining. The inset plank style door with deep arched reveal is a favorite Spanish detail creating the appearance of thick adobe walls. This wooden door has a central viewing port with a wrought iron grille. Stepped forward, on the extending wing end, a rectangular triple window utilizes three light casement windows matching the window above on the second floor.

North (Side) Elevation – This elevation continues the hipped fired red clay Mission half barrel roof with little overhang matching the other elevations. The north elevation continues to display the beltline cornice and stucco surfacing seen on other elevations around the home. The site drops into the canyon at the rear on this elevation. On the upper level near the front, a grouping of two individual rectangular wood casement windows are seen. To the left, a large six part window provides light into the interior stairwell and at one time no doubt provided an expansive view to the canyon before the neighboring house was expanded with a second level as seen in Sanborn maps. Near the rear on the second floor, a double window set contains two three light true divided light wooden windows. The rear addition is slightly offset from the original house with a flat roof differentiating this newer addition from the original hipped clay tile roof. The subject home is a few feet from the property line, and the large neighboring home to the north.

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 6 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*P3a. Description (continued):

Near the rear of this hipped roof, the rear garage is slightly offset with the remainder of this side elevation set back approximately one foot behind and is topped with a flat roof and low parapet.

At the front, along the lower level, a central paneled wooden service door has a small vertical fixed window to the left along with a small two light rectangular casement window. Finally a rectangular double casement window matches the one just above on the upper level with three light wooden casement windows. Small basement windows are seen along the foundation line as the ground plane falls off into the canyon.

East (Rear) Elevation – The original hipped roof second floor section is seen on this elevation with a lower basement level revealed as the topography drops at the rear of the property along the entire rear of the home creating a three level façade. The left side hipped roof portion of the home, is original while on the right shows an extending 1947 addition and uses a flat roof and is suspended above a rear open patio on round metal columns. This rear addition is differentiated from the original by the flat roof and lack of horizontal beltline cornice and sits outside of the public view. Fenestration on this elevation consists mostly of rectangular wooden casement windows. On the upper level, a rear three part window utilizes three light rectangular casement windows and is aligned over the lower level bay window. Next, to the right, a rectangular window opening contains two single light wooden casement windows.

On the main level, a three sided bay window takes advantage of the rear canyon views with a large central fixed window which is flanked by one light wooden casement windows. This bay window is sheltered by a matching clay tile hipped roof with decorative cornice with raised circular elaboration detail. To the right, a double French door set uses rectangular single light glazed wooden French doors. These French doors provide access to an elevated raised rear patio. This patio balcony is seen above the open lower basement level. Below on the bottom level, two sets of double French door provides access to the basement level which sits beneath the extending patio and overhanging rear addition which are supported by metal columns. It appears this current rear patio may have been utilized as a rear car port type covered parking area before the new front garage blocked access to the side driveway. This raised rear addition and patio is not visible from the front public view and sits below the main level along the canyon. This rear elevation is not visible from the public view.

Interior Architectural Features – (Not proposed for inclusion in historic designation). The home features a large open stairway, interior doors, original tiled fireplaces and an early elevator is a unique feature of the home's interior (please see photos in Attachment D.2). Original wrought iron fixtures, original hard wood floors, lighting fixtures, door and window hardware are also visible throughout the home's interior. These interior elements and fixtures are not proposed for designation but included to show the originality of the home.

Detached Garage – The detached front single car garage was built recently in a sympathetic Spanish style with a flat roof and was approved by Historic city staff April 30, 2012 as seen in attached permits (Attachment A.4) The detached garage is not seen on 1921, 1950 and 1956 Sanborn maps or the Residential Building Record, the original small single level detached garage. The detached single car garage built in 2012 is not individually historically significant, was not built during the home's period of significance and is therefore recommended for exclusion from the proposed historical designation.

Landscaping / Yard Setting – A favorite feature of the Spanish Eclectic/Colonial style, the front features its original walled and raised front patio area. Since the home's hand colorized photo was discovered in the personal collection of Milton Sessions at the San Diego History Center, it is likely that the home's original landscape was design by recognized Master Landscape Designer / Landscape Architect Milton

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 7 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*P3a. Description (continued):

Sessions as seen in the 1927 historic photo (Attachment D.1). Although the home's current landscape design is similar to the original design with tall columnar cypress trees and hedges placed near the home and front turf grass in front, the landscape design has been altered from the original with site walls and plant replacement. Also, this probable Milton Sessions design connection cannot be definitively proven based on current extensive research. Therefore, the landscape design is not recommended for historic designation as an important work of Milton Sessions at this time. Some low stucco covered front site walls have been added to the front, however, these site walls do not detract from the home's original Spanish design and raised front walled patio. This low site walls are mostly detached from the home and are a reversible element of the home's design.

Rear Addition (built in 1947). The rear wing addition utilizes a flat roof and extends out over the open rear patio space and is supported by metal columns (please see Attachment A.5 - Site Plan with rear addition shown in red). The upper level of the rear addition originally contained a sun porch which was fully enclosed in 1954 as seen in building permits. The rear facing wing with a flat roof and parapet is placed at the back and provides views onto and over the rear canyon. Fenestration consists of slightly inset wooden casement windows. This rear wing is proposed for inclusion in historic designation, due to the fact that this addition was completed during the home's period of significance and was completed by original owner and historically significant individual Fred A. Heilbron. Also, because this addition was completed for the original owner and historically significant owner during his most productive period, this rear addition is not considered to be a loss of integrity.

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State of California – The Resources Agency Primary # ______DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI # ______BUILDING, STRUCTURE, AND OBJECT RECORD

Page 8 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

B1. Historic Name: 4399 Hermosa Way B2. Common Name: 4399 Hermosa Way B3. Original Use: Single Family Property B4. Present Use: Single Family Property *B5. Architectural Style: Spanish Revival / Eclectic *B6. Construction History: (Construction date, alterations, and date of alterations) The Residential Building Record estimated date of construction is 1924. The sewer record is dated August 28, 1924. The Tax Assessor’s Lot and Block Book shows the home was first assessed for taxes in 1925. A colorized historic photo from the Milton Sessions Collection at the San Diego History Center shows the house circa 1927. The City of San Diego has the following building permits on record: Permit #23544 is shown on the Residential Building Record and is dated April 5, 1947 with "Add" written in. This is most likely when the rear flat roof addition was completed based on the materials and construction methods used with slightly inset wooden windows and wooden sills on this rear portion. Building permit number #37232 is from January 10, 1954 and is for enclosure of a sun porch. This sun porch was on the upper level on the rear addition and presumed to have been added at the rear, on the upper level of the rear addition overlooking the rear canyon and then was later finished with solid walls based on rear. Permit #46619 is for free standing site walls added July 23, 1956. Permit #A37079 is for a rear deck completed on June 18, 1985. The detached garage was converted to family room and was approved by city of San Diego historic staff as a potentially historically significant resource and was issued April 24, 2012 under Permit L64A- 008. Permit #L64A-008 was dated November 4, 2016 and is for conversion of an interior bonus room to a bathroom with no changes to the exterior of the home. Finally, the detached garage was rebuilt, also under permit #L64 A-008 dated November 4, 2016 and was approved by City of San Diego historic resources staff as a potentially historically significant resource. The home was identified in the 2007 Uptown Reconnaissance Survey and given a status code 5D3: "Appears to be a contributor to a geographic district that appears eligible for local designation." Although not seen in building or construction records, historical photos analysis and site evaluation reveal only minor changes that have occurred to the home. A side facing double French door and flanking sidelight opening was filled in by a previous owner, and has now been restored to its original design with "in kind" true divided light double French wooden doors with matching side lights matching the 1927 historic photo.

*B7. Moved? No Yes Unknown Date: Original Location: *B8. Related Features: B9a. Architect: : Unknown b. Builder: Unknown *B10. Significance: Theme: Residential Architecture Area: Mission Hills (San Diego) Period of Significance: 1924-1973 Property Type: Single-Family Property Applicable Criteria: B & C (Discuss importance in terms of historical or architectural context as defined by theme, period, and geographic scope. Also address integrity.). The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House at 4399 Hermosa Way is historically significant under Criterion B for its association with Fred A. Heilbron, a significant individual who spent the majority of his life crusading to ensure that present and future generations of San Diego County residents had an adequate supply of water. The home is additionally significant under Criterion “C” as an excellent example of Spanish Revival/Eclectic style architecture with Italian Mediterranean influences. The period of significance, 1924-1973, encompasses the date of construction of the home and historic individual Fred A. Heilbron's ownership and residence in the home. This house has been well maintained and has good architectural integrity. (See Continuation Sheet.) B11. Additional Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) none N *B12. References: (See Continuation Sheet) B13. Remarks: None

*B14. Evaluator: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace

*Date of Evaluation: February 2017

(This space reserved for official comments.)

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 9 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*B10. Significance - Criterion A:

Criterion A: Exemplifies or reflects special elements of the City’s, a community’s or a neighborhood’s historical, archaeological, cultural, social, economic, political, aesthetic, engineering, landscaping or architectural development.

Prehistoric People. For at least 12,000 years, the upland ridges overlooking Mission Valley to the north were arid and covered with dense scrubby Chaparral, much as the canyon sides are today. Prehistoric people passed over the ridges and mesa en route between the coast and inland river drainages to hunt, gather, and process food materials and go about their daily lives. Game trails became footpaths and travelers camped, hunted, harvested plant materials, and left occasional tools. While there is no doubt that families of the original Americans lived and traveled through the area, archaeological evidence for long-term encampments has not been found in these uplands. Generally these prehistoric peoples concentrated their communities which would provide such lasting archaeological evidence, along freshwater sources at the valley edge below. The nearest known ethnographic base camps or villages were located on the south bank of the and terraces overlooking to the north and south.

Spain and Mexico. Although Spanish sailors explored the Lower as early as 1640 in search of exploitable resources, the first Europeans to land in what has become known as San Diego came for a brief visit in 1642. There is no record of any Spanish or other explorers in San Diego until the first European American colonial party arrived in 1769. They selected the first Spanish colony in San Diego and California on a terrace overlooking Mission Valley and the Pacific Coast to the north, east, and west. The site also overlooked Mission Bay to the northwest, the wetlands to the west, Point Lorna to the southwest, and most of San Diego Bay to the west. Militarily, this was a good, defensible location. However, they had to walk or ride downhill for water at the San Diego River. Disease, periodic hostile Native American encounters, and administrative issues prevented more than a cursory exploration of the terraces, ridges, and hills east of the Presidio. From 1769 to Mexican Independence in 1821, the Royal Presidio de San Diego de Co soy served as the center of European American colonization in the region. By 1822, when the new Mexican governor arrived to declare the San Diego Presidio the capital of California, a chain of Roman Catholic missions spaced one-days ride apart effectively secured California from foreign and native claim. Mexico opened California to French, British, and American licensed business opportunities, the native populations were essentially displaced, and eventually the European town site shifted downhill to what is now called Old Town. By 1835 only a few soldiers remained living in the decaying adobes of the Presidio. Today, the remnants of that history survive as Presidio Park, which forms the west gate to Mission Hills.

Invasion. Expansionist policies of the United States Congress spurred on by false claims of abuse of American citizens in Mexico caused the Mexican War of 1846. A United States Topographic survey team ventured into Mexican territory about the same time United States Navy war ships attacked Monterey and San Francisco. The Topographic team reformed into a militia army that drew membership from expatriates willing to help the American cause. A United States Army column marched and rode from Kansas to cross the Lower Colorado River, enter the Laguna Mountains, and attack a Mexican militia unit in San Pasqual Valley. The lead officers and soldiers in that column were swiftly killed or injured, their cannon captured, and their officers forced to withdraw to a poorly defensible position at Mule Hill. The rear column arrived to find chaos. Thinking they would be overrun, the soldiers burned much of their equipment and supplies. After a stalemate, the Mexican militia withdrew and marched north to Los Angeles. The American Army dug in with the gnawing sense of defeat.

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 10 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*B10. Significance - Criterion A (continued):

Meanwhile, United States Navy war ships and a commandeered whaling ship were pinned down in San Diego Bay by Mexican militia firing from the shore of Point Lorna and river wetlands. The Mexican militia killed sixteen sailors, who were later buried on North Island. Eventually, United States Marines rowed a boat around Point Lorna and up the San Diego River to buy food supplies from a local ranch. They then returned to supply the ships. By that time, the Mexican militia withdrew the civilian population from Old Town and marched north to Los Angeles. Sailors and Marines from the U.S.S. Cyane attacked the beaches, seized a cannon from the ruins of Fort Guijarros on Ballast Point I Point Lorna and dragged it to an adobe ruin west of town. With the cannon mounted on an adobe wall, the Marines walked into Old Town and found it deserted. They captured San Diego and the attention then focused on Los Angeles. After a pitched battle at San Gabriel River, the Mexican Army surrendered California and the Mexican War then pressed to Mexico City. Following the end of the Mexican War, diplomats signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1852 that granted rights to former Mexican citizens, recognized land grants, and seceded the Mexican Territory north of what is now the International Boundary to the United States.

United States, California, and San Diego. From 1846 to 1850, the United States garrisoned soldiers at the Roman Catholic Mission San Diego in Mission Valley and they assumed the legal authority for the region. All police, legal, and other administrative activities were carried out from this post. During this period, civilians drafted the California Constitution, the United States Congress approved it, and California became a state of the union. The first meetings of the state government were undisciplined and raucous, but they accepted the San Diego Common Council as trustees over the Pueblo Lands of San Diego. Based on a crude map drawn by former Mexican citizens, California recognized an enormous tract of land as formerly held by the officials of Old Town. The Common Council first hired Lieutenant Cave Couts to survey the Pueblo Lands in 1850. The Charles Poole Map of 1856 corrected errors and inaccuracies. The formal survey by James Pascoe in 1870 is the basis for land transactions today. The Common Council paid themselves handsomely and exhausted the city coffers. To keep the government in operation, they auctioned Pueblo Lots to real estate speculators. Many of those buyers hired civil engineers and re- subdivided the land. Early examples relevant to Mission Hills include North Florence Heights and Middletown. The realtors then created a lucrative income by auctioning blocks of lots or individual lots to speculators, builders, and investors. From 1850 to 1870, most transactions were simply lot sales. Once streets were graded and water systems installed, residential neighborhoods began to develop in the 1880s. The City of San Diego in this era consisted primarily of Victorian houses concentrated in Old Town, Horton's Addition (now the downtown business district), Middletown (along India and Kettner Streets), Roseville (Point Lorna along Rosecrans Street), and small remote communities in Ocean Beach, Pacific Beach and La Jolla. Further south, National City grew up around the rail terminus. The economic crash of 1889 impoverished many investors and halted land development until the 1890s.

The hills above Old Town slowly transformed into dry farms, orchards, and livestock grazing ranches by the end of the 19th century. Washington Street and University emerged as small commercial centers between 1900 and 1912 and U.S. Census Records for 1900 indicate that part of the Mission Valley Mesa was called "Spreckels Heights." In Mission Valley farmers purchased land and herds of cows dotted San Diego's flood plain alongside scattered farms. Out on Point Lorna, Madame Tingley and the Universal Brotherhood of Theosophists formed a utopian agricultural and spiritual community. South and near the International Border, other utopian communities like Little Landers and Oneonta formed around irrigation systems and agriculture that could ship products out to other cities by rail.

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A philosophical power struggle between libertarian real estate speculators and pro-planning Progressive Party shaped city politics. As in other cities across America, sudden and massive immigration of Europeans overwhelmed street, water, and other infrastructure. Some members of San Diego's powerful and wealthy merchants bought up former horse-drawn trolley systems, rail lines, and entire blocks of vacant lots with dreams of creating a planned city. Although one city council hired Cambridge community planner John Nolen to create a development plan for San Diego in 1906, another council refused to adopt the plan. Undaunted, Progressive Party members assumed their own destiny and bought up land for street construction, park development, and housing communities following Nolen's Plan. Civic leaders George Marston and the Kelly Investment Company recorded Mission Hills Map 1115 in 1908 and Harvey and Stella Allen recorded Allen Terrace Map 1620 in 1913. Other areas of Mission Hills such as North Florence Heights and Arnold and Choates' Addition had already divided up other parts of the mesa.

Nurserywoman Kate O. Sessions, a friend to many of the people already mentioned, owned much of the area to the east of Hermosa Way in the North Florence Heights subdivision, including property where the first Francis Parker School existed as well as the grounds where the William Templeton Johnson-built buildings would ultimately exist. A Progressive as well, Sessions was also active with the school and the people who shared in the social values that lead to its creation.

Although the Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House at 4399 Hermosa Way contributes to our understanding of the early development of Mission Hills, no special elements about this house were found in the course of research for this study to determine it rises to the level to qualify for designation under Criterion A.

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Criterion B: Is identified with persons or events significant in local, state, or national history. A summary of the individuals associated with this property is provided along with a conclusion regarding their significance under Criterion B.

Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

In November 1922, Fred A. Heilbron purchased Villa Lot 32 of Mission Hills. At that time, he was married to Charlotte A. Heilbron although her name does not appear on the deed. Construction of 4399 Hermosa Way did not begin until nearly two years later. On August 28, 1924, Fred Heilbron's name appears as the property owner on the sewer permit. He took out a plumbing permit in October 1924 and an electrical permit in January 1925. A Notice of Completion for the home could not be located. Heilbron was a prominent San Diegan who owned a plumbing and heating business downtown. In addition to being a master plumber, he obtained a law degree and passed the California bar exam in 1916, although he ultimately never practiced law. In the 1920's, he served on the San Diego Common Council, a precursor to what is now the City Council. Heilbron spent most of his adult life as a strong proponent of securing an adequate water supply for San Diego. He was instrumental in getting voters to approve a 1924 bond measure for the construction of a dam at the near Lakeside. Because of the explosive population growth that San Diego experienced during World War II, Heilbron pushed for the creation of the San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) in an effort to secure Colorado River water for the county's residents. He served as chairman of the SDCWA since it was established in 1944 and remained in that position until his death in 1973. Heilbron's greatest accomplishments were achieved during the nearly fifty years he owned and resided at 4399 Hermosa Way, from 1924 to 1973, and the home is therefore the most closely associated with him during the most productive portion of his life. Because of the fundamental importance of water to the growth and success of any city, Heilbron's achievements in acquiring a reliable source of water for the people of San Diego County meant that its citizens could thrive and industries were able to expand. The subject property at 4399 Hermosa Way is therefore significant under Criterion B for its association with Fred A. Heilbron.

Early Life. On August 24, 1877, Frederick Adolph Heilbron was born in Sacramento. He came from a large family and had nine siblings. His brother Carl was also a prominent San Diego. Fred's parents, Johann Heinrich Friedrich Heilbron and Caroline (Dietsche) Heilbron were both originally from Germany. Johann arrived in California in 1866 and settled in Sacramento, where he entered the retail and wholesale meat business. He was very active in civic and fraternal organizations in that city. The August Heilbron House, an Italianate Victorian located in Sacramento and built in 1881, belonged to Fred's uncle August (the brother of Fred's father Johann). The home still stands at 704 O Street and is on the National Register of Historic Places. It currently serves as an office for the California Department of Parks and Recreation but is under threat of demolition to make room for a new state office building.

Around 1888, when Fred was about eleven years old, the Heilbrons moved from Sacramento to San Diego. Johann originally worked as a butcher upon arriving in San Diego and established the city's first cold storage butchering business. Johann then entered the wholesale and retail liquor business. In 1896, at the age of fifty-four, Johann died of pneumonia after falling ill with the flu (San Diego Union, May 30, 1896). Although his widow Caroline inherited his sizeable estate, she had to manage it carefully to provide for her ten children, seven of whom were under the age of eighteen at the time of her husband's death.

In his younger years, Fred A. Heilbron went by the nickname "Fritz" and was referred to in census data, city directories, and newspaper articles as such. Unusually tall at an adult height of approximately 6’5”, some newspaper articles lightheartedly referred to him as “Long Fritz.” Around the age of twelve he

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began selling newspapers in San Diego's downtown and then along a route which he walked. Heilbron attended San Diego public schools and graduated from Russ High School (now known as San Diego High School). In the late 1890's he began apprenticing as a plumber at the Johnstone & Sons plumbing and gas fixture shop downtown.

The 1897 San Diego city directory lists Fritz Heilbron as a plumber who resided with his widowed mother and sister Louise at 654 11th Ave. in what is now referred to as the East Village. From May 1898 to December 1898, during the Spanish-American War, Fred Heilbron served with Company B, 7th Cavalry of the Army's Volunteer Infantry and was stationed at the Presidio in San Francisco. Upon returning from his military service, Fred continued his work at Johnstone & Sons before leaving around 1901 to work at the plumbing business of Carl E. Nichols.

Why Water? The issue of water was always important to Fred A. Heilbron. He arrived in San Diego as a child in 1888, the same year that the near Bonita was completed. Eleven years later, the San Diego Flume Company built a dam on Boulder Creek. Although these structures helped San Diego's water shortage by preventing the loss of some rain runoff, they were not enough because of the city's rapid population growth. In 1900, the population was approximately 18,000 people; by 1910 it had more than doubled. The onset of World War I brought even more people to the area and cemented San Diego's future as a military town.

In 1902, he voted in favor of a local ballot initiative which ultimately passed, transferring control of the San Diego Water Company to the people of San Diego. Following the vote, the City purchased the holdings of the San Diego Water Company and the Southern California Mountain Water Company that were within the city limits.

Because the landscaping of modern-day San Diego is quite green and lush, it is easy to forget that the city is actually semi-arid in terms of climate. There is abundant sunshine and very little rainfall, and the driest months also happen to be the hottest, meaning that rain doesn’t fall during the months it is most needed. The county’s coastal areas receive about 10 inches of rain annually. The mountains east of San Diego receive three times that amount, but their steep slopes and proximity to the coastline makes capturing sufficient runoff rather difficult (Mirvis 2003:1). Further compounding the issue, rainfall totals in the county tend to fluctuate widely from year to year. Despite the county measuring over 4,200 square miles, it has only seven rivers, all of which dry out in the summer (Ibid). Therefore, the rivers were not a reliable source of water year-round.

Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, local Native American groups such as the , Luiseño and Cupeño managed to thrive in the area’s dry climate by practicing a combination of land management and water diversion. They cleared land for planting and cultivated a series of small agricultural plots in different areas depending on the season. Planting on steep slopes reduced erosion and provided food and medicine. Beans, corn and squash were sown near wet meadows, running streams or places dampened by runoff from summer rains. Native groups also built small dams and levees, diverting water to their crop fields. Large boulders and brush were placed at strategic locations where streams narrowed, thus creating bogs and wet meadows. Shade trees were planted near springs to reduce evaporation. Water was also stored in large pottery vases called “ollas.” In addition to their ingenuity, the relatively small population of the Native groups allowed them to thrive despite the area’s dry climate.

The Spanish managed the area’s land and water resources very differently than the Natives did. In the early 1800’s, large-scale cattle grazing and agriculture on ranchos placed further strain on the area’s resources. The livestock introduced by the Spanish grazed on the grassy fields sown by the Natives, but

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the Spanish did not re-seed the fields. The soil eroded and its quality declined. Furthermore, the Spanish did not practice the same water management that had kept Native groups thriving for generations.

California became a state in 1850 and San Diego County began to experience a shift from the rancho lifestyle, where the area’s residents were more widely dispersed across the land, to one of a more concentrated population in the city of San Diego. Several wells were dug in and around the downtown area; many only yielded brackish water that was acceptable to bathe in or use for washing, but not to drink. A few of the wells produced potable water, which was sold for 25 cents per bucket – an expensive sum at the time. Thus began the efforts of early city leaders to procure a more steady source of water for the area's residents. Numerous legal cases regarding water rights were fought in the courts for decades to come.

Marriage, Family and the Growth of Fred's Business. In June 1902, Fred A. Heilbron married Charlotte Augusta Prout, a native of San Francisco born in November 1876. She was the daughter of William J. Prout, a pioneer in San Diego's development. William was a land developer in Golden Hill and a rancher in Julian who also served on the Harbor Commission and San Diego School Board in the early 1890's (San Diego Union, March 27, 1968). Charlotte graduated from Russ High School (now known as San Diego High School) and was trained as a nurse at San Francisco Children's Hospital.

Fred and Charlotte settled in the Golden Hill neighborhood and eventually had four children: Edward, Frederick Arthur, Doreen and Charlotte Marie. After apprenticing as a plumber for several years, Heilbron established his own plumbing and heating business at 1446 5th Ave. in 1902. Over the years he installed plumbing in many of San Diego's most famous homes and businesses. According to his biography in Samuel T. Black's 1913 book San Diego County, California; A Record of Settlement, Organization, Progress and Achievement, Volume II:

The owners of some of the finest residences in San Diego and Coronado have entrusted their plumbing equipment to him, believing that in so doing they were receiving the most expert service and the most skilled labor. Mr. Heilbron has installed the plumbing installed in the beautiful new homes erected by John D. Spreckels and Harry L. Titus in Coronado and in the Detroit, the Kingston and the San Diego Hotels in San Diego. He was responsible for the plumbing and heating in the Home Telephone building and in the fine modern residences belonging to R. Clayton, E.S. Barker, P. Thompson, Milo Treat, George Marston and J. Scripps, as well as many other homes in San Diego, National City and Del Mar.

Despite being occupied with his business, his family and his involvement in several civic organizations, Heilbron entered the two-year long course of study at San Diego's Hamilton-Lindley Law School in 1914, under the tutelage of prominent local attorney Fred Lindley. Few of Fred Heilbron's friends and associates knew of his law studies, and an October 1, 1916 article in the San Diego Union stated:

Fred A. Heilbron has just sprung a surprise on his San Diego friends by returning from Los Angeles with a license to practice law in all the courts... As he is of a retiring nature, however, few of his friends knew that he was studying law. He made such good use of his time that he was at the head of the class which took the recent bar examination.

Ultimately, Heilbron never practiced law, but his training in the field was undoubtedly useful in regards to his plumbing business and in the political arena he was to enter shortly after obtaining his law degree.

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Political Aspirations. In 1917, Heilbron unsuccessfully ran for the Common Council, a precursor to today's City Council. His platform, which stressed the need for more water in San Diego, did not resonate with its citizens. During that time, he and wife Charlotte resided with their children at 2534 A Street in the Golden Hill neighborhood, and he still worked as a self-employed plumbing and heating contractor.

Having lost his 1917 bid for a position on the Common Council, Heilbron again ran for the position in 1919 on a platform of more water for the city and won. He remained on the council for eight years. San Diego’s rapid population growth during the years of World War I had likely made its citizens heed his message of the dire need for water. In the years that followed, the Council discussed several issues related to the city's water supply. In July 1922, Heilbron announced his candidacy for state senator, but did not win the election.

Heilbron and the . Remaining on the Common Council after his unsuccessful run for state senate, Fred Heilbron's push for securing more water for San Diego gained momentum in the early to mid-1920's. Along with City Manager of Operations Fred Rhodes and City Attorney Shelley J. Higgins, Heilbron and his fellow Council members favored constructing a dam on the El Capitan Reservoir near Lakeside. They clashed with Mayor John Bacon, engineer Hiram N. Savage and a group of prominent San Diegans led by Colonel Ed Fletcher, who preferred the dam to be built in Mission Gorge (Higgins 1956:195). Detractors argued that the Mission Gorge site would be detrimental to farms and ranches in that area, and that those same agricultural sites would in turn contaminate the water (Melbourne 1986).

In September 1924, local voters defeated a bond measure that sought to raise funds to build the dam in Mission Gorge. Voting on a $4.5 million bond measure to build a dam at the El Capitan Reservoir, Heilbron's favored location, was set for November 1924. In the two months leading up to the November vote, Heilbron and his supporters created a silent motion picture which was shown in local theatres in the week preceding the election. The film compared the suitability of both potential dam sites and ended with an image of a large lake and the caption: "El Capitan Reservoir as it will appear when full of fresh, pure unadulterated, sparkling, clear, and cold mountain water” (Melbourne 1986). Numerous speeches given by proponents of the El Capitan dam no doubt aided in securing its 3-to-1 victory at the polls. Close friends for many years, the relationship between Heilbron and Fletcher suffered because of their fierce conflict over where to construct the dam.

In 1925, during the time he resided at 4399 Hermosa Way, Heilbron, who was still a member of the Common Council, ran for mayor but lost to incumbent John L. Bacon. In his mayoral campaign, Heilbron once again stressed the importance of securing more water for San Diego. An open letter written by the Heilbron for Mayor Committee was published in the San Diego Union on March 22, 1925 and stated:

"All citizens are vitally concerned about the subject of pure mountain water which the El Capitan Dam will supply; they know that with water development will come harbor and industrial development, which means greater progress and prosperity for our city... For years he has talked and worked and fought for the El Capitan project... He foresees a San Diego of 250,000 population in 1930, and would prepare now for the future by adequate water and harbor development."

Despite voter approval of the bond measure to built a dam at the El Capitan Reservoir, the city of San Diego still needed to secure the water rights before construction could begin. Due to legal battles with local water districts and people residing in the area of El Capitan, it was not until December 1931 that work began on the dam. Completed at a cost of nearly $5.8 million, it was formally dedicated on February 22, 1935. According to a February 23, 1935 article in the San Diego Union:

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The reservoir capacity is 38,000,000,000 gallons, almost twice as much as the largest of the other city reservoirs, and is designed to produce for San Diego a net safe yield of 10,000,000 gallons a day, enough for 100,000 persons.

Heilbron's Lengthy Tenure with the San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA). Though undoubtedly pleased with the completion of the El Capitan Dam on the San Diego River, Heilbron did not end his fight to acquire more water for San Diego. The advent of World War II caused the city's population to surge even higher. In 1935, the year the dam was completed, the city's population was estimated to be 159,000; five years later, there were approximately 202,000 residents (1935 and 1940 San Diego city directory; 1940 U.S. Census data). The numbers grew exponentially once the United States entered the war, and Fred A. Heilbron again sought a solution to the city's water worries.

In early 1944, the U.S. was deeply entrenched in World War II, and San Diego's population exploded to 450,000, more than double the people living there only five years earlier. A special committee of the Chamber of Commerce conducted a survey of land in the county that was utilizing irrigation in the early 1940's. The survey revealed that approximately 46,000 acres were under irrigation, but that the figure could nearly be tripled if another water source, such as the Colorado River, could be tapped into. Quoted in a May 8, 1944 San Diego Union article, Heilbron stated that the formation of a county water authority was the next logical step in the county's water development because "it creates the legal machinery to deal with the government relative to bringing in our 100,000,000 gallons daily from the Colorado River."

Following an election in mid-May 1944, five cities and four irrigation districts in San Diego County voted to join the San Diego County Water Authority (San Diego Union, May 20, 1944). Following the victory, Heilbron said, "The vote indicates clearly that the people are interested in obtaining an adequate water supply" (Ibid). He was appointed as the SDCWA chairman, a position he held for twenty-nine years. Several letters to Heilbron congratulating him on the creation of the new agency are on file in the San Diego County Water Authority Collection (MS 302) at the San Diego History Center. An excerpt from a May 29, 1944 letter to Heilbron from San Diego mayor Harley E. Knox stated:

"The splendid reception at the polls which the Water Authority received is indicative of public confidence in an agreed upon program. Your own efforts and guidance to me personally in bringing about agreement upon policy, step by step in our program of water development, had been a tower of strength to the City of San Diego, and to me personally."

A May 20, 1944 letter to Heilbron from Albert G. Reader, secretary of the Board of Directors of the Union Title and Trust Company, bestowed similar praise:

"The approval of the San Diego County Water Authority by the electorate by such an overwhelming majority was, in my opinion, the most constructive postwar planning this community could do and you and your committee richly merit the appreciation and thanks of every member of this community for a job well done."

In the fall of 1944, William E. Warne, assistant commissioner of the Bureau of Reclamation, Phil D. Swing, an attorney and member of the SDCWA, and three other officials from federal agencies formed the Committee on Methods of Financing the San Diego Water Supply Project. The men submitted a five page fact finding letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in October 1944, outlining the grave water situation in San Diego.

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President Roosevelt ultimately authorized the construction of the San Diego Aqueduct to link to the Metropolitan Water District's in San Jacinto. Shortly after construction contracts for the aqueducts were signed, World War II ended, and a federal government policy cancelled all of its wartime contracts. The timing was inopportune for San Diego, which was in the midst of a drought, and mayor Harley E. Knox sent Heilbron to Washington, D.C. to push for the aqueduct project to move forward (Melbourne 1986). Heilbron was successful, and San Diego water attorney William Jennings states that Heilbron was "just the right man to get the bill through in spite of very touchy circumstances" (Ibid). In a 1967 oral history by Jennings, he also stated that Heilbron's success was in part due to him coming across as an earnest man of the people who expressed himself clearly and concisely, thereby winning the support of influential senators and congressmen.

Due to the efforts of chairman Heilbron and the other leaders of the SDCWA, the first Colorado River water flowed into San Diego in November 1947 following the completion of the San Diego Aqueduct, which was constructed by the Department of the Navy. Between 1952 and 1971, during which time Heilbron still headed the SDCWA, three more pipelines were constructed.

Awards and Recognition. Although he had been known as “Mr. Water” for many years, in 1959 Fred A. Heilbron earned the nickname “Mr. San Diego”. In November 1959, the Grant Club, a local civic group which annually named a San Diegan who had done outstanding work for the community, bestowed the title on Heilbron for the year 1960. In August 1962, on the eve of his 85th birthday, he was honored for his achievements at a Rotary Club luncheon at San Diego’s El Cortez Hotel. The event was attended by several local, state and national civic leaders and government officials including James K. Carr, Under Secretary of the Department of the Interior (San Diego Union, August 24, 1962). Ferdinand Fletcher, Rotary Club president and son of Colonel Ed Fletcher, another early San Diego water advocate, said of Heilbron:

“He helped organize the Plumbers’ Union. Then he helped organize the Master Plumbers’ Association. He is a charter member and past president of San Diego Rotary. He is an attorney, who never hung out his shingle and he was a city councilman during San Diego’s roaring twenties. He had a leading part in developing San Diego’s surface water resources and when he found these would not be enough he helped lead the way to bring in water from other sources.” (Ibid.).

The County Board of Supervisors recognized Heilbron's achievements by declaring Saturday, August 24, 1968, Heilbron's 91st birthday, as "Fred Heilbron Day" in San Diego County. Probably the greatest recognition of Heilbron's successes came in April 1968, when the San Diego County Water Authority opened a new, $300,000 facility for bringing water into San Diego. Located at 610 W. 5th Ave. in Escondido, the facility was named the Fred A. Heilbron Operations Center and it is still in use today. It was constructed as the center for three of the County Water Authority’s three major functions: aqueduct operations, engineering and testing, and construction and maintenance. At the operations center, every pint of Colorado River water entering San Diego County was electronically measured, water quality was tested and Water Authority trucks were maintained on-site (San Diego Union, April 18, 1968).

At the opening ceremony of the operations center, Norman B. Livermore, the administrator of the state Resources Agency, made the following remarks about Heilbron to an audience of 650 people:

"As early as 1919 when he won a seat on the San Diego City Council, he began shaping this area's future water destinies. He spurred the passage of the city's most vital water legislation, including the improvement of and provision for Barrett Reservoir, site, San

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Moreno Spillway, the San Dieguito System and the Sutherland Dam." (San Diego Union, April 27, 1968)

On February 14, 1973, Fred A. Heilbron died in San Diego, shortly after receiving Valentine's Day cards and flowers from well-wishers (Pomona Progress Bulletin, February 16, 1973). His daughter Charlotte Marie Heilbron, who never married, inherited 4399 Hermosa Way and remained there until selling the home in 1982. She was the youngest child of Fred and Charlotte Augusta (Prout) Heilbron, and was born in San Diego on October 15, 1910. Little information about her could be found. Having never married, she resided with her parents at 4399 Hermosa Way during the entire time they lived there. Charlotte Marie was active with the American College Club and the San Diego Historical Society. She passed away on February 1, 1998.

Doreen L. (Heilbron) Hunt, also a San Diego native, was born to Fred and Charlotte in 1907. She studied at the University of and University of California. In September 1935 she married Herbert Edmond Hunt in Santa Ana. The couple settled in Los Angeles for a short time after their marriage, but by 1940 lived in Chula Vista, where Herbert was employed with an oil company (1940 U.S. Census). Doreen passed away in San Diego in June 1982.

Edward Adolph Heilbron was born in San Diego in 1905, the second child of Fred and Charlotte (Prout) Heilbron. An alumnus of San Diego High School, he went on to graduate from the University of California at Berkeley. Edward worked for many years at his father's plumbing and heating business and was active with several local organizations. In addition to being a 30-year member of the San Diego Rotary Club, Edward was a member of the Miramar Gun Club and served as a high chief of the California Indian Trap and Skeet Club (San Diego Union, June 17, 1979). He was also active with the University Club and the Highway Development Association. He and his wife Margaret Ellen (Lewis) Heilbron, who he married in June 1933, had a daughter named Doreen, named after his sister. Edward passed away in June 1979.

Frederick Arthur Heilbron, who usually went by F. Arthur Heilbron, was the eldest son of Fred and Charlotte, born in San Diego in 1904. In the mid-1920's he graduated from the University of California with a bachelor's degree in agriculture. F. Arthur Heilbron passed away in 1985.

The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House at 4399 Hermosa Way, constructed for Fred A. Heilbron and his wife in 1924, is proposed for designation under Criterion B for its association with Fred A. Heilbron, who spent the majority of his adulthood crusading to ensure that present and future generations of San Diego County residents had an adequate supply of water. The home has a period of significance of 1924 to 1973, the year Fred passed away. It was constructed around the same time that Fred A. Heilbron won an important victory in his fight to secure access to more water for the people of San Diego. In November 1924, voters passed a bond issue that Heilbron had fought for as a member of the Common Council (a precursor to the City Council). The bond issue raised funds for the construction of a dam at the El Capitan Reservoir near Lakeside, allowing for the capture and containment of rainwater that would previously have been lost to runoff. After co-founding the San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) in 1944, he was appointed as its chairman, a position he held until his death in 1973. During his nearly thirty years with the SDCWA, Heilbron successfully lobbied the Roosevelt Administration to construct the San Diego Aqueduct, which brought Colorado River water to the people of San Diego County. Over the years, during his tenure, the SDCWA was able to secure the construction of three more pipelines from the Colorado River to the San Diego area, ensuring that the County was able to grow and thrive despite its arid climate. Therefore, based upon the research presented above, Fred A.

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Heilbron was determined to be historically significant for his association with 4399 Hermosa Way under Criterion B.

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Page 20 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*B10. Significance - Criterion C:

Criterion “C” Embodies distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period, or method of construction or is a valuable example of the use of indigenous materials or craftsmanship.

The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House is an excellent example of a Spanish Eclectic / Revival home with Mediterranean / Italian Renaissance influences. The building is of standard wood frame construction on a concrete foundation and clad in medium sand finish stucco. The home displays the Spanish Eclectic / Revival style of architecture with Mediterranean Revival influences. In greater detail, this house displays the architecturally defining features indicative of the Spanish Eclectic style, which include the home's asymmetrical front façade, low pitched hipped roof surfaced with minimal overhang sheltered by red clay tile, wall stucco surfacing and arched windows and doors. The home has a varied form with a low-pitched hipped roof with flared eave cornice. The mission red clay tile roof appears to have the original repeating regularly laid clay roof tiles displaying the home's Mediterranean influences. The subject resource has an inset arched doorway elaborated with surrounding raised quoin opening, twisting engaged window columns, and other architectural details which further articulates the home's Spanish Eclectic style.

Spanish Revival / Eclectic Style. Many architectural historians attribute the high popularity of the Spanish Eclectic style variations in San Diego with the popularity of the 1915 Panama-California Exposition, which was held in San Diego from 1915 through 1916. However, the most likely influence for the shift in popularity would be the Bertram Goodhue-designed 1922-1923 Marine Corps Recruit Depot and Naval Training Center. Soon thereafter, technical journals, newspapers, and magazines promoted Spanish style architecture as a revitalization of interest in 18th and 19th century California history. The San Diego Union hired Master Architect Richard S. Requa to write a weekly column critiquing local architecture and he used this forum to promote the Spanish Eclectic or as he deemed it, “The Southern California style.” Although the style continued as late as 1948, the Great Depression caused a shift to “patriotic” styles and Spanish style lost favor to Colonial Revival, Cape Cod, and Neo Classical style houses.

Designers of Spanish Eclectic houses often borrowed from Moorish, Byzantine, Gothic, and Renaissance motifs. The fired red clay tiles on this house are Spanish style Mission half barrels. The walls of houses in this style are stuccoed to appear like old adobe buildings in artistic interpretations from Spanish / Mediterranean origins. In general, designers of the period were engaged in a process to define and interpret appropriate architectural styles for our climate. A great deal of literature of the period was devoted to defining an appropriate “Southern California Style” of architecture. The strongest popularity for Spanish style residential architecture hit San Diego about 1925, when the newspapers and popular magazines promoted this as an authentic style harkening back to San Diego’s Spanish roots.

The home has the characteristic defining architectural features of the Spanish Eclectic style including the asymmetrical façade, low pitched red tile roof, eaves with shallow overhangs, stucco surfacing, and arched window openings. The home also utilizes an asymmetrical façade, varied form and a compound floor plan with a low-pitched hipped Mission half-barrel roof and exhibits minimal eave projections. The home has a complex irregular form, hipped front façade and exhibits some interesting features in the style including its use of twisting engaged window columns and arched inset doorway elaborated with surrounding raised quoin opening. These help displays the home's incorporation of Mediterranean / Italian Renaissance influences.

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 21 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*B10. Significance - Criterion C (continued):

The Mediterranean Revival / Italian Renaissance Style is sometimes referred to as the Second Italian Renaissance Revival to differentiate it from the first Renaissance Revival style of 1845-1860. This early Mediterranean style became popular in the 1890’s and remained so into the mid 1930′s. It is a much more authentic interpretation of classical Italian architecture than the earlier ”Italianate” style of the mid 1800′s. First begun in 1883 by the firm of McKim, Mead and White in New York, other fashionable architects of the time used the style as a sharp contrast to the Gothic-inspired Shingle or Queen Anne styles of the era. The style was inspired by 14th and 15th century wealthy Florentine merchant buildings in Italy where these original renaissance architects drew on Roman and Greek building forms. The style as it emerged 500 years later in the 19th century was utilized primarily in civic, commercial or large urban city buildings such as libraries, banks and courthouses and the style was much less common as influencing a suburban or residential home as we see on the subject resource.

Italian Renaissance details seen on the home consists of the low pitched hipped roof and repeating arched window groupings with engaged columns. Also, the home displays regularly laid fired clay tiles, repeating arched window groupings with twisting engaged columns and arched inset doorway elaborated with surrounding raised quoin opening which are also common elaborations seen on Mediterranean / Italian Renaissance style homes. Based on Sanborn maps, historical photos and site analysis, the home has retained overall good architectural integrity.

Overall, this house is an excellent two-story example of the Spanish Revival/Eclectic style with Mediterranean / Italian Renaissance influences. It is a large single-family residence in the Mission Hills neighborhood of San Diego built in 1924 with arched window and door openings. The front elevation faces onto Hermosa Way and features a low walled front patio. The home utilizes an asymmetrical façade with a repeating mission clay tile roof and sandy stucco surfacing. The home has a rectangular front facing L-shaped plan on a rear canyon lot and features a low pitched hipped roof. This home represents an unusual and good example of an early Spanish Eclectic home with Mediterranean / Italian Renaissance influences. The Mission and Spanish Eclectic styles shares similarities with the Italian Renaissance style in exterior finishes (tile roof and stucco walls), however, it can be distinguished and characterized by their eave configurations. The Italian Renaissance style usually has wide boxed-in eaves with decorative brackets underneath, unlike the Spanish (very little overhang) style.

The architectural designer and builders selected high quality building materials, hired fine craftsmen, and successfully blended Mediterranean and Spanish Eclectic details in the creation of this house. This eclectic design and use of materials, and expression of craftsmanship exhibited in this house stand out even when compared with surrounding Spanish Eclectic style houses in Mission Hills.

Fire and Water Resistant Building Materials. Stucco is one of the most significant innovations of San Diego 20th century building construction. Although variations of durable wall coatings date back to Roman times, perfection of the formula for stucco can be directly related to the 1906 earthquake and fire in San Francisco. Architects across the state rushed to develop fire-resistant materials. San Francisco architect Bernard Maybeck experimented with burlap dipped in wet cement stretched on wood frames. San Diego architect Irving Gill experimented with poured-in-place cast concrete. Richard Requa developed interlocking hollow clay tile. Walter Keller designed hollow and flat cement tile. But the most exciting and versatile material proved to be exterior wall stucco, which began appearing on Mission Revival style houses at least as early as 1909.

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 22 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*B10. Significance - Criterion C (continued):

The architecturally defining features that are supportive of historic landmarking are:

1. The stucco chamfered chimney with decorative round tile flues and miniature hipped tile roof; 2. The original low pitched hipped roof with minimal overhang and flared eave; 3. The exterior sandy stucco surfacing and chimney; 4. The grouped arching windows with twisting engaged window columns; 5. The arched inset doorway elaborated with surrounding raised quoin opening; 6. The original repeating regularly laid fired red clay mission half barrel tile full roof; 7. The original large six part focal window seen on the front elevation; 8. The original arched and rectangular wooden fixed and casement windows; 9. The three sided rear bay window providing views of the rear canyon; 10. The walled raised patio front patio; 11. The original wood doors with hardware doorknobs; 12. The two story L-shaped massing; 13. The stucco corner wing walls; 14. The front and rear French doors connecting indoor and outdoor spaces; 15. The original interior ceramic tiled fireplace surrounds and fireplace hearth; 16. The scored concrete front patio and walkway connecting the sidewalk to the house; 17. The original wood front one over one windows;

The following are architectural changes that cause integrity loss are:

1. The front patio double French door and sidelight opening which was filled in by a previous owner, and has now been restored to its original design with "in kind" true divided light double French wooden doors with matching side lights matching the 1927 historic photo. (restored "in kind" in 2016) 2. The added detached single car garage approved by City Historic Resources staff in 2011 (this is a detached structure and minor front façade change).

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 23 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*B10. Significance - Criterion C (continued):

Architectural Integrity Analysis. The following is an analysis of the Integrity of the home's architecture.

Location. Location is the place where the historic property was constructed or the place where the historic event occurred

Based on comparison with the historic photo from 1927 (see Attachments section D-1), Sanborn Fire Insurance maps and other research, the house is shown to be in its original location at 4399 Hermosa Way. The House has excellent integrity of Location.

Design. Design is the combination of elements that create the form, plan, space, structure, and style of a property. Changes that create a false sense of historical development, such as adding conjectural features or elements from other historic properties, will not be undertaken.

Analysis of the historic photo, Sanborn maps, building records and examination of the resource at 4399 Hermosa Way reveals the front and side façades are essentially unchanged and very closely match the original design of the house. As seen in the building records and comparisons between the 1927 historic photo and current photos, the home is in remarkable original condition. The home embodies the distinctive characteristics of the Spanish Eclectic style through the retention of character defining features of the style such as the asymmetrical façade, low pitched Spanish clay tile roof with eaves with little overhanging, and stucco surfacing. As seen in the building records, historic photo and comparisons between the residential building records, Sanborn maps and current photos, the home is in highly original condition.

The rear elevation is partially modified with an extending rear addition and central patio / balcony, but this minor alteration is placed at the rear, entirely out of public view. A few small changes have occurred over time. A side facing double French door and flanking sidelight opening was filled in by a previous owner, and has since been restored to its original design with "in kind" true divided light double French wooden doors with matching side lights matching the 1927 historic photo. The second minor change is that the new single car detached garage, which was approved by City Historic Resources staff, minimally impacts the front façade design integrity. The small detached front garage is separated from the larger dominant two-story home. A series of low site walls were added to the front yard but these walls do not block the front view of the home and these walls have a minimal impact on the home's overall integrity. These minor modifications to the home do not degrade the integrity of the home's design. Original character defining features of the home are intact and the minor changes mentioned and do not affect the architectural design to the point that the home no longer conveys its significance or to the point where the resource would no longer be eligible for designation.

The house is an intact and original example of the Spanish Eclectic / Revival style with a significant level of architectural integrity from its 1924 date of construction. This is an excellent example of a Spanish Eclectic / Revival style home designed in 1924 with Mediterranean Italian Renaissance influences. The house overall remains in very original condition. The Design element of this home is excellent.

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 24 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*B10. Significance - Criterion C (continued):

Setting. Setting is the physical environment of a historic property. The setting is the larger area or environment in which a historic property is located. It may be an urban, suburban, or rural neighborhood or a natural landscape in which buildings have been constructed. The relationship of buildings to each other, setbacks, fence patterns, views, driveways and walkways, and street trees together create the character of a district or neighborhood.

The home's early suburban San Diego setting is intact. The street and side setback of the house matches the historic Mission Hills neighborhood. The house has excellent integrity of Setting.

Materials. Materials are the physical elements that were combined or deposited during a particular period of time and in a particular pattern or configuration to form a historic property. The Standards state that deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature shall match the old in design, color, texture, and other visual qualities and, where possible, materials. Replacement of missing features shall be substantiated by documentary, physical, or pictorial evidence.

The home features the original or in kind wooden multi-light fixed and casement windows on all visible elevations. Clay tile roof tiles seen covering the roof and capping the chimney match the historical photos and appear mostly original. The sandy stucco finish also matches the historical 1927 photo. The side facing French door and opening were restored in kind to the original wooden materials. At the front door, the raised quoins which imitate the look of large stones displays excellent quality finishing. The raised front patio entryway with scored concrete floor is also intact. The original scored concrete walkway also appears intact along with the extending corner wing walls which matches stucco on the home. There are no significant changes to the materials within the public view. As noted throughout this analysis, the Materials aspect of Integrity of this home is good.

Workmanship. Workmanship is the physical evidence of the crafts of a particular culture or people during any given period in history or prehistory.

The craftsmanship exhibited in this house represents skilled construction techniques. In particular, the skills in sculpting the exterior wall stucco and laying of clay tiles on the roof and chimney is high quality. The inset arched windows and twisted window columns seen on the front show exceptional classical detailing. Also, the skills in building the wooden curved and rectangular divided light windows is high quality. As noted above, the interior tiled fireplaces with colorful California art tiles also shows excellent workmanship. The Workmanship aspect of Integrity is excellent.

Feeling. Feeling is a property's expression of the aesthetic or historic sense of a particular period of time.

This 1924 Spanish Revival / Eclectic residence in its present excellent original condition is well preserved and imparts the visitor with a realistic sense and feeling of the late 1920's historic Mission Hills neighborhood. The home is custom designed for its canyon lot and conforms well to its rectangular sloping lot. The home blends in well with historic older neighboring properties in Mission Hills. The feeling of a Spanish Eclectic home from the 1920's pre-Depression age are retained. The Feeling aspect of Integrity is excellent.

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 25 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*B10. Significance - Criterion C (continued):

Association. Association is the direct link between an important historic event or person and a historic property.

The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House at 4399 Hermosa Way represents an important link with Fred A. Heilbron who owned the home from 1924 to 1973.

Based on the research found and evidence presented in this report, Legacy 106, Inc. concludes that this resource best represents Fred A. Heilbron's productive lifetime in San Diego as it was the main personal residence he lived in during his most productive periods in San Diego from 1924 to his death in 1973. Fred and his wife Charlotte had the home at 4399 Hermosa Way built and lived in it during Fred's entire productive period. This home has a significant association with significant historic individual Fred A. Heilbron. The rear addition, built in 1947, was constructed during the time that Fred A. Heilbron lived and worked in the home and is proposed for inclusion in the historic designation. Overall, the resource retains a significant association with Fred A. Heilbron who crusaded to ensure that generations of San Diego County residents had an adequate supply of water.

The subject property was constructed around the same time that Fred A. Heilbron won an important victory in his fight to secure access to more water for the people of San Diego. In November 1924, voters passed a bond issue that Heilbron had fought for as a member of the Common Council (a precursor to the City Council). The bond issue raised funds for the construction of a dam at the El Capitan Reservoir near Lakeside, allowing for the capture and containment of rainwater that would previously have been lost to runoff. After co-founding the San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) in 1944, he was appointed as its chairman, a position he held until his death in 1973. During his nearly thirty years with the SDCWA, Heilbron successfully lobbied the Roosevelt Administration to construct the San Diego Aqueduct, which brought Colorado River water to the people of San Diego County. Over the years, during his tenure, the SDCWA was able to secure the construction of three more pipelines from the Colorado River to the San Diego area, ensuring that the County was able to grow and thrive despite its arid climate. The Association aspect of Integrity is excellent.

Conclusion: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House meets six of seven aspects of integrity and can be said to have excellent architectural integrity for historical designation. Legacy 106, Inc. recommends the house for historical designation under Criterion C.

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 26 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

Criterion “D” Is representative of a notable work of a master builder, designer, architect, engineer, landscape architect, interior designer, artist or craftsman.

After extensive research, the original architect / builder of the home is still as yet unproven with no direct evidence found showing the home's original designer. A historic photo of 4399 Hermosa Way, dated 1927, was found in the Milton Sessions Collection at the San Diego History Center. Therefore, it is likely that Sessions, a recognized Master Landscape Designer and nephew of Kate Sessions, was the original landscape designer of the home. No definitive link to Sessions as the landscape designer was found and the landscaping has been modified since the 1927 photo.

Master Architect William Templeton Johnson designed other homes in this earlier Mediterranean inspired Spanish style. These houses also have similar features, such as repeating arched windows with twisted columns. At least two Templeton Johnson designed homes have been identified on Hermosa Way, and there are several others elsewhere in Mission Hills. Both of the homes on Hermosa Way were built in the 1920's and have been historically designated:

 4451 Hermosa Way. Designed by Johnson and built in 1922. It was historically designated in 2006 as the Sarah Brock/William Templeton Johnson/Brawner & Hunter House (HRB # 756).

 4455 Hermosa Way. Designed by Johnson and built in 1927. It was historically designated in 2006 as the Marion Delafield Sturgis and Samuel Otis Dauchy/William Templeton Johnson House (HRB # 764).

Legacy 106, Inc. conducted extensive research to determine the designer and builder of 4399 Hermosa Way, and to verify a possible connection to William Templeton Johnson. This home was not shown on a list of homes known to have been designed by Templeton Johnson. The list was compiled in 2000 by Templeton Johnson's son, Alan Winthrop Johnson, and the late local historian Kathy Flanigan. Furthermore, the subject property was compared to known Templeton Johnson designed homes and cross-referenced with a collection of his blueprints on file at the San Diego History Center. No definitive connection to Master Architect William Templeton Johnson could be found at this time.

Although the evidence listed in this report reveals the designer and builder was accomplished (based on 4399 Hermosa Way), Legacy 106, Inc. does not find there is sufficient evidence at this time to demonstrate that the home qualifies for designation under Criterion “D” as the work of a master designer, architect, engineer, landscape architect, interior designer, artist, craftsman or builder. Future historic studies of potentially historical houses will hopefully add more to what is known about this builder and his status under Criterion D can be re-evaluated at that time.

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State of California The Resources Agency Primary # DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI# CONTINUATION SHEET Trinomial

Page 27 of 27 *Resource Name or #: The Fred and Charlotte Heilbron House

*Recorded by: Ronald V. May, RPA and Kiley Wallace *Date: February 2017 Continuation Update

*B10. Significance - Criterion E and Criterion F:

HRB Criterion E National Register of Historic Places listing or eligibility.

Criterion E does not apply to this property.

HRB Criterion F as a contributing resource to the _____ Historical District.

Criterion F does not apply to this property.

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A.1 Assessor’s Building Record

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A.1 Assessor’s Building Record

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A.2 Notice of Completion

A Notice of Completion for this property could not be located.

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A.3 Water Record

After an extensive search, the water record could not be located.

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A.3 Sewer Record Dated August 28, 1924. (Fred A.) Heilbron is listed as the property owner.

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A.4 Building / Construction Permits

Continued on next page

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A.4 Building / Construction Permits Continued from previous page

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A.4 Building / Construction Permits Continued on next page

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A.4 Building / Construction Permits Continued from previous page

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A.4 Building / Construction Permits

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A.4 Building / Construction Permits

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A.4 Building / Construction Permits

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A.4 Building / Construction Permits

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A.5 Site Plan with Footprint Taken from the Residential Building Record.

1947 rear addition with upper level sun porch that was enclosed in 1954.

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A.6 County Lot and Block Book Page Fred A. Heilbron purchased Villa Lot 32 of Mission Hills in 1922 although it was first assessed to him for improvements in 1925.

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A.7 Previous Survey Map 4399 Hermosa Way is shown as a contributing resource in the Eclectic style in the 2007 Uptown Reconnaissance Survey by IS Architecture.

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A.7 Previous Survey Form 4399 Hermosa Way is identified as a Spanish Colonial Revival in the Uptown Historic Architectural and Cultural Landscape Reconnaissance Survey, 2007, by IS Architecture. It was assigned status code 5D3: "Appears to be a contributor to a geographic district that appears eligible for local designation through survey evaluation. For purposes of the Land Development Code 45 year review, this property needs a research report to determine its potential historical significance."

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Attachment B Ownership and Occupant Information

B.1 – Chain of Title B.2 – Directory Search of Occupants B.3 – Deed from the Date of Construction

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B.1 Chain of Title 4399 Hermosa Way, San Diego, CA 92103 APN # 443-290-01-00

Instrument Date Grantor to Grantee, Recording Date, Book Number, Page Number

February 26, 1908 Union Title and Trust Company (a corporation) to Home Investment Company (a corporation), recorded February 26, 1908, Deed Book 433, Page 275.

July 15, 1908 Home Investment Company (a corporation) to J.C. Hizar (president of the Home Investment Company), recorded September 21, 1908, Deed Book 449, Page 156.

April 15, 1912 J.C. Hizar and Kate Welborn Hizar to Frank S. Thayer, recorded April 17, 1912, Deed Book 554, Page 258.

September 27, 1920 Frank S. Thayer and Julia A. Thayer to Etta Adair, recorded October 30, 1920, Deed Book 825, Page 326.

December 8, 1922 William W. Collier and Virginia Collier to Etta Adair, recorded December 26, 1922, Deed Book 917, Page 113. ***Note: there is no record of how the Colliers initially obtained title.***

November 27, 1922 Etta Adair to Fred A. Heilbron, recorded December 26, 1922, Deed Book 917, Page 114.

November 16, 1973 Order for Preliminary Distribution (In the Matter of Fred A. Heilbron, also known as Frederick A. Heilbron, deceased), recorded November 20, 1973, File # 73-323612.

December 17, 1982 Charlotte Heilbron to G. MacLaren Brydon III and Katherine A. Brydon (husband and wife as joint tenants), recorded December 29, 1982, File # 82- 398529.

August 21, 1998 Affidavit - Death of Trustee (Charlotte M. Heilbron, deceased), recorded September 10, 1998, Document # 1998-0573887.

March 13, 2003 G. MacLaren Brydon III and Katherine A. Brydon (husband and wife as joint tenants) to Ray Dittenhoefer and Donalee Dittenhoefer (husband and wife as joint tenants), recorded April 30, 2003, Document # 2003-0504948.

May 2, 2006 Raymond Earl Dittenhoefer and Donalee Dittenhoefer (who acquired title as Ray Dittenhoefer and Donalee Dittenhoefer, husband and wife as joint tenants) to Raymond Earl Dittenhoefer (a married man as his sole and separate property), recorded May 9, 2006, Document # 2006-0326277.

March 29, 2010 Raymond Dittenhoefer to Donalee Dittenhoefer, recorded April 5, 2010, Document # 2010-0166772.

July 17, 2015 Raymond E. Dittenhoefer (spouse of Grantee) to Donalee Dittenhoefer (a married woman as her sole and separate property), recorded July 30, 2015, Document # 2015-0403769.

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B.1 Chain of Title - Continued

July 7, 2015 Donalee Dittenhoefer to Paul H. Yong and Carol S. Yong (Co-Trustees of the Paul H. Yong and Carol S. Yong Family Trust), recorded July 30, 2015, Document # 2015-0403770.

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B.2 Directory Search of Occupants Date Name(owner) Additional Occupant(s) 1925 Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Arthur helper, F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Edw A. student r 4399 Hermosa Way 1926 Heilbron F.A. Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Arthur, helper, F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Doreen student r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Edw A. student r 4399 Hermosa Way 1927 Heilbron F.A. Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way 1928 Heilbron F.A. Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way 1929 Heilbron F.A. Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way 1930 Heilbron F.A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Arthur plumber r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Doreen r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron, Edw A. estimator, F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, r 4399 Hermosa Way 1931 Heilbron F.A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Doreen r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron, Edw A. clerk, F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, r 4399 Hermosa Way 1932 Heilbron F.A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Doreen r 4399 Hermosa Way 1933 Heilbron F.A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Doreen r 4399 Hermosa Way 1934 Heilbron F.A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Doreen r 4399 Hermosa Way 1935 Heilbron F.A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Doreen r 4399 Hermosa Way 1936 Heilbron F.A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1937 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1938 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1939 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1940 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1941 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way

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Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1942 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1943 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1944- Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating h 4399 Hermosa Way 1945 Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way Hunt Herbert E (Doreen) US Navy r 4399 Hermosa Way 1946 Directory not published this year 1947- Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron & Sons Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way 1948 Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1949 Directory not published this year 1950 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron & Sons Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1951 . Directory not published this year 1952 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron & Sons Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1953- Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron & Sons Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way 1954 Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1955 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron & Sons Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1956 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron & Sons Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1957 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron & Sons Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1958 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron & Sons Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1959 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1960 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1961 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1962 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M r 4399 Hermosa Way 1963- Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way 1964 Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M retired r 4399 Hermosa Way 1965 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M retired r 4399 Hermosa Way 1966 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way

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Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M retired r 4399 Hermosa Way 1967 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte A r 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M retired r 4399 Hermosa Way 1968 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M retired r 4399 Hermosa Way 1969- Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way 1970 Heilbron Charlotte M retired r 4399 Hermosa Way 1971 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M retired r 4399 Hermosa Way 1972 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M retired r 4399 Hermosa Way 1973 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way Heilbron Charlotte M retired r 4399 Hermosa Way 1974 Heilbron, F. A. (o) Heilbron Fred A., F.A. Heilbron Plumbing & Heating, h 4399 Hermosa Way

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B.3 Deed from the Date of Construction Etta Adair to Fred A. Heilbron, recorded December 26, 1922.

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B.3 Deed Charlotte Heilbron to G. MacLaren Bryon III and Katherine A. Brydon. Recorded December 29, 1982.

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Attachment C Maps

C.1 — City of San Diego 800 Scale Engineering Map C.2 — Current and Historical USGS Maps C.3 — Original Subdivision Map C.4 — Sanborn Maps 1886/1887 1906 1921 1940 1950 1956

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C.1 City of San Diego 800 Scale Engineering Map Map # 210-1713

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C.2 Current USGS Map - 2015 La Jolla quadrangle 7.5 minute series

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C.2 Historical USGS Map – 1903

Courtesy of the San Diego History Center

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C.3 Original Subdivision Map

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C.3 Tax Assessor's Map

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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1886/1887

None for this area

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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1906

None for this area

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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1921 Volume 3, Map 389 Resource not yet constructed.

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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1940

None for this area

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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1950 Volume 3, Map 389

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C.4 Sanborn Map – 1956 Volume 3, Map 389

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Attachment D Photographs

D.1 — Historical Photographs D.2 — Current Photographs

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D.1 Historical Photographs 4399 Hermosa Way circa 1927. Photo # 2002/012 courtesy of the Beverly Munchus / Milton Sessions Collection at the San Diego History Center.

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D.1 Transitional Photographs - South (side) Elevation Transitional photos this page by Kiley Wallace, January 2016 South elevation prior to the restoration of the French doors

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D.1 Transitional Photographs - South (side) Elevation Transitional photos this page by Kiley Wallace, August 2016

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D.1 Transitional Photographs - South (side) Elevation Transitional photos this page by Kiley Wallace, August 2016

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D.1 Transitional Photographs - Interior Transitional photos this page by Kiley Wallace, August 2016

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D.1 Transitional Photographs - South (side) Elevation Transitional photos this page by Kiley Wallace, August 2016

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D.2 Current Photographs – West (front) Elevation

Photo this page by Dan Soderberg, January 2017

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D.2 Current Photographs – West (front) Elevation All other current photos by Kiley Wallace, October 2016

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D.2 Current Photographs – West (front) Elevation All other current photos by Kiley Wallace, October 2016

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D.2 Current Photographs – West (front) Elevation

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D.2 Current Photographs – Detached Garage West (front) Elevation

Below: North (side) elevation of garage

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D.2 Current Photographs – Southwest Elevation

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D.2 Current Photographs – South (side) Elevation

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D.2 Current Photographs – South (side) Elevation

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D.2 Current Photographs – South (side) Elevation

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D.2 Current Photographs – South (side) Elevation

83

D.2 Current Photographs – East (rear) Elevation

84

D.2 Current Photographs – East (rear) Elevation

85

D.2 Current Photographs – East (rear) Elevation

86

D.2 Current Photographs – East (rear) Elevation

87

D.2 Current Photographs – East (rear) Elevation

88

D.2 Current Photographs – East (rear) Elevation

89

D.2 Current Photographs – East (rear) Elevation

90

D.2 Current Photographs – North (side) Elevation

91

D.2 Current Photographs – North (side) Elevation

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D.2 Current Photographs – North (side) Elevation

93

D.2 Current Photographs – North (side) Elevation

94

D.2 Current Photographs – North (side) Elevation

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D.2 Current Photographs – Interior For reference only. Not included in proposed designation.

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Attachment E HRB Criteria Supplemental Documentation

E.1 — Criterion A E.2 — Criterion B E.3 — Criterion C E.4 — Criterion D E.5 — Criterion E E.6 — Criterion F

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E.1 Criterion A – Community History

98

E.1 Criterion A – Community History

99

E.1 Criterion A – Community History Article continued from previous page

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

102

E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973 Continued on next page San Diego Evening-Tribune, June 13, 1965

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973 Continued from previous page

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

Left: Courtesy of Images of America: Mission Hills by Allen Hazard and Janet O'Dea.

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

Left and top right: Heilbron's 1917 run for a seat on the Common Council was unsuccessful, but he won in the 1919 election and served for eight years.

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973 Heilbron's 1922 for the California Senate and his 1925 run for San Diego mayor were unsuccessful.

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

Below: Fred in a 1942 press photo, sitting in the yard of an unknown home near his downtown plumbing shop.

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973 Letters from May 1944 congratulating Fred A. Heilbron on the approval of the San Diego County Water Authority by San Diego voters. Heilbron led the SDCWA, a group he also co-founded, until his death in 1973. The letter on the right was from San Diego Mayor Harley E. Knox.

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

The photo's caption states that the photo was taken inside 4399 Hermosa Way, possibly in the living room at the rear of the home.

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E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

114

E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

115

E.2 Criterion B – Historic Person Fred A. Heilbron and Charlotte A. Heilbron Owners and Residents, 1924 to 1973

116

Attachment F Works Cited

F.1 — Provide a list of works cited (bibliography)

117

F.1 Bibliography

Books

Black, Samuel T. 1913 San Diego County, California; A Record of Settlement, Organization, Progress and Achievement. Chicago: S.J. Clarke Publishing Company.

Brandes, Ray S. 1991 San Diego Architects 1868-1939. San Diego: University of San Diego

California Office of Historic Preservation 1996 The California Register of Historic Resources: Regulations for Nomination of Historic Properties. State of California, The Resources Agency, Department of Parks and Recreation

Ching, Francis D.K. 1995 A Visual Dictionary of Architecture. New York: John Wiley & Sons

Cook, III, S.F., “Jerry” and Tina Skinner 2005 Architectural Details: Spain and the Mediterranean. Reprint of the 1926 publication by Richard S. Requa, A.I.A., J.H. Hansen, The Monolith Portland Cement Company, Los Angeles. Schiffer Publishing

Crawford, Richard W. 2011 The Way We Were in San Diego. Charleston: The History Press

Gellner, Arrol and Douglas Keister 2002 Red Tile Style: America's Spanish Revival Architecture. New York: Viking Studio

Hartmann, Glenn D. 1977 Architectural Description Guide: Developed for Use in Preparing Nominations for State and National Registers of Historic Places. Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Washington State Parks & Recreation Commission, Olympia, Washington

Higgins, Shelley J. 1956 The Fantastic City of San Diego. San Diego: City of San Diego.

McAlester, Virginia and Lee McAlester 2013 Field Guide to American Houses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.

McGrew, Clarence Alan 1922 City of San Diego and San Diego County, the Birthplace of California. Volume I. Chicago: The American Historical Society

Mirvis, Kenneth W., Catherine M. Delude and Ivan Golakoff 2003 To Quench a Thirst: A Brief History of Water in the San Diego Region. San Diego: San Diego County Water Authority

National Park Service 1985 Historic American Building Survey Guidelines for Preparing Written and Historical Descriptive Data. San Francisco: Division of National Register Programs, Western Regional Office

Newcomb, Rexford 1990 Spanish-Colonial Architecture in the United States. New York: Dover Publications

118

F.1 Bibliography - Continued

Requa, Richard S., A.I.A. 1929 Old World Inspiration for American Architecture. Originally published by the Monolith Portland Cement Company. Los Angeles, California.

Requa, Richard S., A.I.A. 1937 Inside Lights on the Building of San Diego's Exposition: 1935. San Diego: Frye & Smith, Ltd.

Smith, G.E. Kidder 1996 Source Book of American Architecture. New York: Princeton Architectural Press

Walker, Lester 2002 American Homes - An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Domestic Architecture. New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers

Woods, Douglas, Melba Levick and M. Brian Tichenor 2012 The California Casa. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, Inc.

Government Documents

City of San Diego Historical Resources Board 2009 Historical Resource Research Report Guidelines and Requirements, Land Development Manual, Historical Resources Guidelines, Appendix E, Part 1.1, Adopted by the Historical Resources Board November 30, 2006, Updated January 24, 2008 and February 9, 2009.

Internet

Ancestry.com, www.ancestry.com (U.S. Census 1880, 1890, 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, 1940; California Death Index; Social Security Death Index; genealogical files)

Journal Articles

Melbourne, Robert E. 1986 San Diego County's Water Crusader, Fred A. Heilbron. The Journal of San Diego History, Volume 32, Number 4.

Manuscripts

1998 Curtis, Mike, “Mission Hills Turns 90.” In “Mission Hills News,” February 1998, pp. 6-9.

1999 Frieden, Dennis, “One for the Books: Mission Hills is Recognized in an Important New Architecture Text.” In “Mission Hills News,” February 1999

1992 & 1997, McLaughlin, Mike, “The History of Mission Hills.” Reprint with the permission of the author.

1992-1993, Mission Hills Association, “Mission Hills Association Community Directory.” Mission Hills History.

Newspapers

San Diego Union San Diego Evening Tribune San Diego Union-Tribune