DOCSLIB.ORG

Bounty Systems in Vermin Control

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bounty Systems in Vermin Control Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4 Volume 17 Number 3 1976 Article 6 1-1-1976 Bounty systems in vermin control S J O Whitehouse Follow this and additional works at: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/journal_agriculture4 Part of the Behavior and Ethology Commons, Benefits and Compensation Commons, and the Other Animal Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Whitehouse, S J O (1976) "Bounty systems in vermin control," Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4: Vol. 17 : No. 3 , Article 6. Available at: https://researchlibrary.agric.wa.gov.au/journal_agriculture4/vol17/iss3/6 This article is brought to you for free and open access by Research Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4 by an authorized administrator of Research Library. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. Bounty systems in vermin control ". almost total lack of success, usually accompanied by frauds" Simon Whitehouse injurious to, man's interests. The as the bonus payment. Today money Agriculture Protection Board of most frequent targets are predators. is the usual payment, although other Western Australia Such programmes have been in valuable tender, such as livestock, operation around the world for has been used. For more than 3 000 years man about 3 000 years. The ancient Jacobsen (3) carried out a compre­ has tried to reduce the numbers of Greeks paid bounties on wolves (1) hensive survey of the various systems pest animals by payment of bounties. and, since then, bounties have been that have operated in the United In general, the system has failed. paid on a wide variety of animals. States. In reviewing the basic re­ This article, by a research scientist These have ranged from predators of quirements of any scheme, he quotes who specializes in the study of de­ stock—wolves, bears, dingoes, etc.— from an 1896 report of the United clared (pest) animals in Western through to such animals as emus, States Department of Agriculture. Australia reviews some of the liter­ seals, crows, mountain lions, squir­ Dr. T. S. Palmer, at that time First ature about bounties and comments rels and porcupines, and the reasons Assistant in the U.S. Biological on the situation in Australia. why the bounties have been offered Surveys, stated: are varied. Any scheme intended to bring It concludes that the arguments in It is difficult to find in the literature about the extermination of a favour of bounty systems for animal species must fulfil certain con­ population management are extremely any documented cases which report the successful use of the bounty ditions before it can prove success­ hard to justify, and little evidence of ful in practice: the operation of any successful bounty system. The little support that can system can be found. be found appears to consist of • It must be applied over a wide letters and articles in non-technical Bounty systems appear to be area, practically covering the range journals, based largely on opinions of the species, otherwise the animal counter-productive in terms of al­ rather than facts. leviating the problems caused by will increase in the unprotected pest animals. As a means of rural In the United States, bounties date region. subsidy they are illogical. back to 1683 (2) when the State of • It should be uniform (that is, Pennsylvania introduced bounties to the rates should be the same) in all control predators of game. Since localities. "Bonus" or "bounty" systems then all American States have, at • It should provide some induce­ may be defined as the payment of various times, inaugurated similar ment for carrying out its pro­ rewards to hunters for the killing of programmes. Most States still use visions. animals regarded as pests. The bounty systems. • It should be economical, for, if systems are intended to control ani­ In colonial America, tobacco was a expensive, the cost will exceed the mals that either compete with, or are medium of exchange and was used losses which it seeks to avert. 85 Journal of Agriculture Vol 17 No 3, 1976 • It should provide, so far as is The Michigan Department of Con­ Virginia encouraged the killing of possible, against fraud or the mis­ servation reported as follows in 1922: wolves almost from the date of its appropriation of public funds. The history of the Michigan bounty first settlement and has, at times, law on predacious things is dotted paid $25 each for their scalps. How­ Hamilton (4) enumerated another ever wolves in that State were not requirement, that "theoretically, a with the work of those who padded bounty orders, manu­ exterminated until the Civil War bounty must be high enough to period, after the rewards had been in ensure the destruction of at least a factured woodchuck scalps by sewing ears on pieces of pelts, force for more than two centuries. majority of the individuals during Even then, their extermination was the first bounty season". collected bounty on house-cats claiming them to be "wild-cats", not because of the bounty, but From a model simulating coyote of substituting blackbird heads for rather through the settlement of the population dynamics Connolly and baby crow heads; of claimants State(lO). Longhurst (5) determined that if the stealing from township clerks the Probably the most detailed exami­ annual kill was 75 per cent., the once bountied and discarded scalps nation of any bounty system was population could be exterminated and heads; of others who pur­ carried out by Fairley, when he in slightly more than 50 years. How­ chased Wisconsin weasel, where no examined the Northern Ireland sys­ ever when they studied the data from bounty is paid, and collected a tem of fox control. He concluded a county in California, they con­ bounty in Michigan on them, that the only fox "predator" was man cluded the coyote numbers were not falsely swearing they had been and that, by a variety of methods, a being reduced at all; instead, the captured in this State. large number of foxes were killed reproduction rate was being locally each year. He believed that this stimulated. One of the most amazing frauds must be that cited by Hamilton where hunting, whether bounty-inspired or The problems facing the use of a payment of a bonus of $50 on a otherwise, did not make any sub­ bonus payments to control animal wolf scalp in the New York State stantial long-term difference to the numbers are large. Fairley (6) des­ was made in 1947. There had been population. The reasons were: cribed the central problem as being no authentic record of a wolf in that • If the bounty is affecting foxes two-fold: State since around the turn of the in N. Ireland, it is curious that it • The payment must be large century. is maintaining them at a more or enough to induce a kill in one sea­ less constant level without reduc­ son which is appreciably larger ing them further. When bounties than that caused by the natural "Bonuses, in themselves, have were suspended in certain mortality factors. not been responsible for the countries, there was no sign of an • If the initial reduction is satisfactory control of any increase in the animals. achieved the hunting of the smaller predator population" • There are many areas where numbers requires more effort and, foxes are not hunted, often because unless greater and greater bounties But the possibility of fraud occur­ they are remote or inaccessible or are paid, equilibrium is reached or ring is by no means the main draw­ no-one bothers to hunt them. the species is allowed to move to back of the bounty systems. Bonuses, • Statistical analysis of the its original level. Alternatively, in themselves, have not been respons­ bounty figures tends to suggest that the hunters, whose interests are ible/or the satisfactory control of any the numbers of foxes caught in concerned, will ensure that the predator population. winter and early summer bear no animal is not exterminated. The Pennsylvania Game Commis­ relation to the numbers caught Jacobsen discussed many systems sion paid a bounty on weasels for next winter. that have been evolved, and the over half a century and, at the end of • It can be concluded that less, theme is generally one of almost that time, the largest number of possibly much less than 33 percent total lack of success, usually accom­ weasels during the history of the of adults are killed by man and panied by frauds. As soon as the bounty were being presented annually very much less than 44 per cent monetary incentive becomes high for payment. of the cubs. enough to satisfy the first criterion In Minnesota, a 12-year bounty above, frauds of two basic kinds period for foxes yielded evidence of a occur. steady rise in the fox population. At The first is caused by the non­ first 25 000 were killed per year, but uniform payment of bonuses in this rose steadily to 40 000. different areas. This results in the The payment of bounties on movement of scalps or other proofs squirrels in Great Britain appears to of destruction from areas of low or have had no effect on the population. no bonus, to areas of high bonus pay­ Wolves and coyote populations in ments. Ontario appear to be totally The second type of fraud consists unaffected by the payment of bon­ of the substitution of the scalp of an uses^. 8). animal of no bonus value for that of The bounty does not appear to an animal on which the bonus is have had any effect on the mountain being paid.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • History of Wildlife Management in West Virginia
    History of Wildlife Management in West Virginia This article is a synthesis of two documents: a popular article for Wonderful West Virginia magazine written by Walt Lesser in 1996 and a comprehensive Historical Review of Game Management written by Jack Cromer in 2002. Both authors are retired wildlife biologists from the DNR Wildlife Resources Section. rom time to time, a look at the past prevents repeating mistakes or, at least provides satisfaction in seeing progress. In retrospect, the wildlife management profession in West Virginia experienced the Fsame ills and shortcomings that were typical elsewhere. Human population expansion, industrial growth and development of steam power all led to the exploitation of this state’s timber and wildlife resources following the Civil War. Such settlement and exploitation led to critically reduced numbers of some species, causing much concern to some people searching for means to change the course of events. History has shown that wildlife management usually started with the control of hunting followed by refuge establishment, “vermin control,” restocking (game farming), and environmental controls (habitat protection and enhancement). Laws and Law Enforcement Several species of large animals native to West Virginia were all killed off before hunting laws were passed. Elk, woodland bison and gray wolves were among the casualties. When West Virginia assumed statehood in 1863, it adopted a code of game and fish laws that had been enacted in the State of Virginia in 1849. The West Virginia Legislature passed its first law protecting wildlife in 1869 – killing game between February 14 and September 15, and killing certain species of birds was prohibited.
    [Show full text]
  • Laboratory Animal Management: Rodents
    THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/2119 SHARE Rodents (1996) DETAILS 180 pages | 6 x 9 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-04936-8 | DOI 10.17226/2119 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Committee on Rodents, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council FIND RELATED TITLES SUGGESTED CITATION National Research Council 1996. Rodents. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/2119. Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Rodents i Laboratory Animal Management Rodents Committee on Rodents Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources Commission on Life Sciences National Research Council NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS Washington, D.C.1996 Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Rodents ii National Academy Press 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Health: Control of Classification # Vermin/Pest 4005R-A
    416R EFFECTIVE DATE SUBJECT 04/04/14 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH: CONTROL OF CLASSIFICATION # VERMIN/PEST 4005R-A DISTRIBUTION APPROVED FOR WEB POSTING PAGE 2 OF A 10 PAGES X YES NO IV. PROCEDURE A. Integrated Pest Management Program The Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program is a three pronged approach to vermin/pest control. The program components are sanitation, vermin proofing, and the use of traps and the most target specific, least toxic pesticides to control and prevent vermin and pest activity. An effective sanitation program decreases the food supply and provision of shelter necessary for the habitation of vermin and pests. Vermin proofing consists of “building out” vermin and pests thereby preventing access into the facility. The identification and remediation of vermin entry points, including, but not limited to, missing and torn screens, missing drain covers, holes, gaps and separations along the floor, wall and ceiling, and missing door sweeps is essential to a successful IPM program. All staff members shall generate work orders to abate these conditions. Utilization of traps and the least toxic, most target specific pesticides is the final component of the program. B. Duties and Responsibilities 1. Commanding Officers shall ensure: a. All areas of the facility are clean and free of vermin entry points; b. All vermin related deficiencies cited on the public health sanitarian reports and other regulatory agency and oversight agency reports are abated expeditiously; c. All schedules and inspections detailed in this directive are adhered to; d. Adequate staffing is provided for all vermin/pest related tasks; e. All garbage, refuse, and recyclables are stored in tightly secured containers; f.
    [Show full text]
  • Before-You-Buy Pest Appraisal Guide
    BEFORE-YOU-BUY PEST APPRAISAL GUIDE BEFORE-YOU-BUY PEST APPRAISAL GUIDE orkincanada.ca 1 YOU’RE IN THE MARKET FOR A NEW HOME – but not for a pest infestation. We get it: most soon-to-be-homeowners are more interested in square metres than silverfish. But understanding the pest threats before you make an offer could save you more than just a headache; it could save you thousands of dollars. That’s why, before walking in the front door, you need to know if there’s been a welcome mat out for pests. After all, with a single German cockroach in your kitchen and a queen termite beneath your foundation, your down payment will cover more than just a three-bedroom house. Within a year, you’ll be the proud owner of 300,000 cockroaches1 and 10,950,000 termites.2 So grab your mortgage application, your real estate listings and your Pest Appraisal Guide. We can’t guarantee you’ll unearth your dream home – but we’ll try to unearth anything that might be lurking in the basement. BEFORE-YOU-BUY PEST APPRAISAL GUIDE orkincanada.ca 2 THE INFLUX OF INVADERS Think we overestimate the number of pests moving into homes across the country? We have a few facts that make the case. Ready to invest? 04 03 01 02 Bed bugs took a bite out Vancouver can’t seem to get 01 of Winnipeg, which came rid of the vermin and ranked in #2 on Orkin Canada’s 03 #1 on the list of 2018 Rattiest 2017 Bed Bug Cities List.4 Cities in B.C.6 Termites cause an estimated The German cockroach is 02 $120 million in damage each 04 the most common roach in year in Toronto alone.5 Canada and can be found as far north as Nunavut.7 BEFORE-YOU-BUY PEST APPRAISAL GUIDE orkincanada.ca 3 THE WELCOMING COMMITTEE We all love friendly neighbours.
    [Show full text]
  • A Death of Ethics: Is Hunting Destroying Itself?
    https://mountainjournal.org/hunting-in-america-faces-an-ethical-reckoning A Death Of Ethics: Is Hunting Destroying Itself? From killing baboon families to staging predator-killing contests, hunters stand accused of violating the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation. Now they’re being called out by their own by Todd Wilkinson Coyote taken in a winter predator hunt in Wyoming. Photo credit: #chasin_fur Instagram Right now, as you read these words, it is perfectly legal in the state of Wyoming for a person to climb on the back of a snowmobile and chase down wild wolves, pursuing them until they drop from physical exhaustion. And, if that’s not enough, you can then run them over relentlessly with the machine, injuring them until they die. You don’t need a hunting license, nor even a bullet to kill a wolf. You can do the above with impunity across roughly 85 percent of Wyoming which, as the “Cowboy State” encompasses almost 98,000 square miles, including vast sweeps of public land and excluding only federal wilderness and places where motorized restrictions apply. You don’t need a reason to justify your actions either. Even if game wardens were to bear witness, it is highly unlikely you would catch any flak—unless your conduct happened to startle a deer, elk, pronghorn or domestic cow or horse, and then you might earn a scolding for harassing wildlife or livestock. In fact, wolves, which were recently taken off the list of federally-protected species and their management handed over to the state unconditionally in 2017, can be killed by virtually any means, any time of day, any day of the year, without limit in most of Wyoming.
    [Show full text]
  • Vermont Coyote Population Report
    VERMONT FISH & WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT VERMONT COYOTE POPULATION REPORT Submitted to: Vermont Legislature House Committee on Natural Resources, Fish and Wildlife and Senate Committee on Natural Resources and Energy Submitted by: Louis Porter, Commissioner Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department January 15, 2018 Report to the Vermont Legislature on Statewide Coyote Populations Background and History of Coyotes in Vermont Prior to European settlement, the coyote was limited to habitats west of the Mississippi River and was not believed to exist in Vermont historically. As European settlers moved west, cleared the land, and eliminated the native wolf, the more adaptable coyote moved east from the western prairies. As they spread eastward, they bred with wolves in southern Canada. As a result, the eastern coyote has a broader skull and is larger and heavier than its western counterpart. It has been speculated that these adaptations allowed coyotes to better hunt deer resulting in a more rapid colonization rate into the Northeast (Kays 2010). In addition, genetic analysis suggests that Vermont’s current coyote population was established from a very small number of females crossing the St. Lawrence River into the state (Kays 2009). Since first sighted in Vermont in the 1940’s, the coyote has attained population levels that are believed to be saturated. Biological research on coyotes reveals that they exist in family units that are highly territorial and thereby maintain self-regulated populations across the landscape. Except for regional and seasonal fluctuations due to food and habitat availability, Vermont’s coyote population is unlikely to increase The Department significantly beyond its current level.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Status of Vermin
    1 BETWEEN THE SPECIES www.cla.calpoly.edu/bts/ Issue VI August 2006 On the Status of Vermin Stephen M. Young Colorado State University December 1, 2005 Introduction In animal rights there has been a proliferation of material discussing the ethical treatment of agricultural animals and animals used in research. The topic of this paper and will contain an assessment of a different qualification of animals that has been paid little attention in most academic traditions; this is vermin. Vermin is a colloquial word employed to discern an animal that is unwanted. Vermin is an interesting topic as oppose to ‘invasive species’ or ‘maligned species’, which have been paid considerable attention, because those titles do not necessarily connote the same as ‘vermin’. There are two main objectives to this paper: the first is an epistemic concern – how do we know what is a vermin. This, of course, has a metaphysical component: do vermin have an ontological status aside from how humans categorize them? The second objective is mainly ethical – given the criteria of vermin and how we treat them, how ought we treat them? The first objective of this paper is to define what qualifies as vermin. The entails drawing distinctions between invasive species other terms and vermin, as well as Between the Species VI August 2006 www.cla.calpoly.edu/bts/ 2 mapping out the characteristics that make an animal qualify as vermin. Eventually it will be shown that the category of vermin is conventional in society, which, in itself, has implications that will be discussed in the second objective.
    [Show full text]
  • Getting Their Hands Dirty: Raccoons, Freegans, and Urban “Trash” Lauren Corman1
    Journal for Critical Animal Studies, Volume IX, Issue 3, 2011 (ISSN1948-352X) Getting Their Hands Dirty: Raccoons, Freegans, and Urban “Trash” Lauren Corman1 Abstract Freegans and raccoons experience social and cultural vilification within North America. Rather than separate phenomena, there is a distinct interdependence of discourses relating to humanity and animality that inform popular constructions of these human and nonhuman urban foragers. Discourses related to pests, vermin, and dirt potently combine with others about social delinquency, race, and class. Adjacently, maintenance of urban civility and garbage containment is threatened by the physical and symbolic disruption of trash, refigured by freegans and raccoons as food; Western consumption patterns and their excesses are made visible by urban foraging. Such behaviors help inspire questions not only about conventional capitalist foodways but also the problematics of green consumerism. Keywords: Raccoons, freegans, consumption, urban foraging, animality, prejudice Introduction During the summer of 2005, a local radio show prompted me to investigate the meaning(s) of raccoons (Procyon lotor) within urban landscapes. During the call-in program, listeners were invited to share their thoughts about raccoons and the implementation of Toronto‘s municipal Green Bin waste management program. I was amazed by the callers‘ largely vitriolic responses. Positioned as pests, raccoons were understood as enemies worthy of elimination, a so-called ‗problem‘ in need of fixing. Yet, the problem was an old one: the Green Bin Program simply drew the tensions between humans and urban animals into sharper focus. The Green Bin Program began in 2002 within the Toronto municipality of Etobicoke. By September of 2004, central Toronto residents were introduced to the Program.
    [Show full text]
  • GUNS Magazine May 1959
    MAY 1959 SOc What's Your Shooting Pleasure? POWER TYPE RETICLE CASH PRICE AMT. DOWN CROSS·HAIR HUNTING or 4X SIGHT TAPERED POST Lee Dot extra HUNTING 6X CROSS·HAIR $75.00 SIGHT Lee Dot extra VARIABLE CROSS·HAIR HUNTING POWER or $80.00 SIGHT TAPERED 21/2x-4x POST Lee Dot extra VARIABLE HUNTING· TAPERED POWER YARMINT $99.50 CROSS·HAIR 2V2X·8x SIGHT TARGET· 00 .:.'. '.' TAPERED $160. VARMINT CROSS·HAIR MOUNT SIGHT INCLUDED BALtur CROSS·HAIR HUNTING $65.00 2V2X or SIGHT TAPERED POST Lee Dot extra f> \-~ L~ht VARMINT $9'OO:\~ aX CROSS·HAIR $85.00 .~ SIGHT ~.:.~.:.~ ·:::::::·:.::::·::::-;·~:~::;:~.:::;:;:r:·;,:-::\;.::::·:: •.•.••.•.•••••••••••••••••••••••• m •••J'ii .,.,.:.,.:.i.:.::.:.:.i· ?:): '::;:;:::::;.;.:.;.;.:;:, ", ::.:.::::::::..;.::::: :: ,',. :.', ":,:,:",:::,:::;:;:;::::::;:::::::.:.:' '{::: :::; :::::::;:::y.:::::::;::;:;:;::;::.:................ .;<.:<: .;.;.:.:.;.:.;..-:-:.;.;.;.::: : • :.:.;.;.:.:.:.;.:.;.;.;.:.;.:.:.;.;.;.;.: ;:;:::::;:::::::::::;::::;:;:;:::::;:;:;:;:;:::; :.;.::::::::::;:::::::;:::;:::::;:::::::::;::: ::;:::;:;:;:::;:;:;:;:::;:;:;:;:;:;:::: :;:;:::::::::;::::.::::/:::.:.:.;.:.:.:.:.;.; ::::::; :;::::;:::::::;:;::::;:::::::;:;:;.:.:.::;:::::::::::::::::::;::;::::;:; ::::;:::::::;::::::::::::;;;:::;:;;::::;:;::;::;:;:::::::; ::;:;;::;:;::::;::;::;;::;;;:;:;:;:;;;;;:i:: Big game, target, bench rest, varmint-whatever you favor, you'll get more satisfaction with a Bausch & Lomb rifle sight than you ever dreamed possible, for these famous sights, designed and built by skilled American craftsmen, put real precision
    [Show full text]
  • Nuisance Wildlife Control Permits
    Class A (commercial) Nuisance Wildlife Control Permits A Class A Nuisance Wildlife Control Permit authorizes you to charge a fee for removing certain types of mammals and game birds when they are causing damage to property or risks to human health or safety. Permits are issued to individuals, not companies. In other words, each employee of company must obtain their own permit. What are the requirements? Applicants must: • Be at least 18 years of age when they apply for a permit • Obtain a score of at least 80% on a written exam administered by the Department • Complete a hunter safety course or provide proof of equivalent training if guns are used to take wildlife under authority of a Class A permit What types of questions are on the test? The test consists of 100 questions in true/false and multiple choice formats. About 30 questions pertain to laws that apply to activities of wildlife control operators. About 20 questions pertain to reproduction, diseases, behavior, and habitat of species that you are authorized to take. Note that answers to questions about reproduction (e.g., how many young are born, and when) are based on studies in Illinois and reported by Hofmann (reference below). Remaining questions address identification of animal “sign”, devices and methods for capturing animals, and solutions like exclusion. What references were used to develop test questions? • 17 Illinois Administrative Code Part 525 https://www.dnr.illinois.gov/adrules/documents/17-525.pdf • 17 Illinois Administrative Code Part 1010 https://www.dnr.illinois.gov/adrules/ documents/17-1010.pdf • Illinois Dead Animal Disposal Act (copies provided) • Specifications for the Humane Handling, Care, Treatment, and Transportation of Warmblooded Animals Other Than Dogs, Cats, Rabbits, Hamsters, Guinea Pigs, Nonhuman Primates, and Marine Mammals (Sections 3.126, 3.127, & 3.142; copies provided) • Wildlife Code (520 Illinois Compiled Statutes, Section 5/2.2) http://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=1729&ChapterID=43 • Hofmann, J.E.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 460J Pest Control Operators
    CHAPTER 460J PEST CONTROL OPERATORS Section 460J-1 Definitions 460J-2 Pest control board 460J-3 Powers and duties of board 460J-4, 5 Repealed 460J-6 Licenses required 460J-7 Investigation permitted 460J-8 License requirements 460J-8.5 Requirements to maintain license 460J-9 Application; fees 460J-10 Form for licenses 460J-11 Place of business and posting of license 460J-12 Classification of branches of pest control; examinations; rules; subjects of examination; passing grade 460J-13 Examination; operator's license 460J-14 Fees; biennial renewal; inactive license 460J-15 Revocation, suspension, and refusal of renewal of licenses; prohibition against certain offenses, etc. 460J-16 Hearings 460J-17 Death or dissociation 460J-18 Repealed 460J-19 Termite control contracts and written inspection reports; form and contents; filing and delivery; control service; control service contract 460J-20 Document expressing an opinion or making statement regarding the presence or absence of termites; contents 460J-21 Fumigation under supervision 460J-22 Fumigation job log; preservation and inspection 460J-23 Pest control 460J-23.5 Subcontracting 460J-24 Application of soil treatment pest control work 460J-1 Revised 01-2020 460J-24.5 Nonchemical pest control devices efficacy and safety data; examination and testing; approval prior to sale, lease, or transfer of devices in the State 460J-25 Insurance 460J-26 Exemptions 460J-27 Penalties for unlicensed acts 460J-27.5 Advertising 460J-28 Administrative penalties 460J-29 Penal sanctions 460J-30 Remedies or penalties cumulative 460J-31 Repealed Cross References Sunset evaluations modified, see §§26H-4 and 26H- 5. §460J-1 Definitions.
    [Show full text]
  • Rc016 Kenneth Jacobus Prop
    LAW OFFICES OF Ii , KENNETH P. JACOBUS = ,. '' ':::\ A PROFE IONAL CORPORATION 310 K lreel, Suite 200 A CHORAGF. AK 99501-2064 Nov n 2011 -M/ TELEPHONic (907) 277-3333 November 6, 2017 FAX (907) 264-6666 BOARDS I Alaska Board of Game Alaska Department of Fish and Game P.O. Box 115526 RC O 1 6 Juneau AK 99811-5526 Re: Fera] cats, a menace to Alaska Meeting of November JO - 17, 2017 Proposals 62 and 63 Dear Board Members, l have previously written to oppose the stupid idea, Proposal 62, which suggests that cats be allowed to be turned loose in the State of Alaska to establish feral cat colonies. This is a truly terrible idea. Although you probably already have these article,, I have enclosed two articles from today's Alaska Dispatch News. I agree with both these articles. The most useful thing to do would be for the Board to authorize the hunting and trapping ofcats, utilizing any and all methods and means, including poison, and having unlimited open seasons and no bag limits. A reasonable bounty should be paid, if the State can afford it. The goal should be extem1ination of feral cats and their colonies. Feral cats are vermin, with no redeeming value whatsoever. I would much rather see our wild birds flying free, than lying dead in my front yard because they have been killed by disease-ridden feral cats. Don't make the problem worse. Reject Proposal 62 and adopt proposal 63. Thank you. · Alley Cat Allies' peddles a bogus line - Alaska Dispatch News Page I of 3 ' Try our new and improved mobile app Alaska Dispatch News Opinions 'Alley Cat Allies' peddles a bogus line ti' Author: Al-Hajj Frederick H.
    [Show full text]