Journal of (2015), 97 (Supplement), S67-S77 S71

Disease Note Disease Note FIRST CONFIRMED REPORT OF WHITE FIRST REPORT OF FIG MOSAIC VIRUS BLISTER RUST DISEASE CAUSED BY AND FIG BADNAVIRUS 1 ON COMMON CANDIDA ON FIG TREES IN CROATIA BURSA-PASTORIS IN IRAN D . V o n cˇ i n a 1, P. Pilipovic´1, D. Škoric´2, M. Krapac3, M.R. Mirzaee1 and S. Sajedi2 Ž. Prgomet4and T. Milicˇevic´1

1 South Khorasan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research 1 Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University and Training Center, AREEO, Birjand, Iran of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia 3 Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Porecˇ, Croatia White blister rust (WBR), one of the most common dis- 4 Polytechnic of Rijeka, Trpimirova 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia eases of , can cause severe losses to cultivated and wild hosts. Recent phylogenetic analyses have revealed Common fig (Ficus carica L.) is one of the most common several new within the genus Albugo because be- fruit trees in the Croatian coastal region. Fig mosaic symp- sides Albugo candida, a variety of more specialised species toms, first reported more than a half century ago (Perišic´, exist (Mirzaee et al., 2013). The infection of a single host 1952) are found on most cultivars. In 2014, leaf samples were species by two distinct WBR species has been reported in taken from 30 autochthonous fig trees from two locations Capsella bursa-pastoris. In addition to A. candida, the species of the Istrian peninsula for laboratory analyses. Twenty six A. koreana has recently been described on this host (Choi trees exhibited typical symptoms of foliar mosaic, one tree et al., 2007). In Iran, there are unconfirmed reports of A. exhibited also fasciations, while the remaining four trees candida infecting C. bursa-pastoris from 1946-1973 (Ershad, were asymptomatic. Extraction of total RNA was done us- 2009), without any data on their identity. Stems and leaves ing an RNeasy plant mini kit (Qiagen, Germany) and ex- of C. bursa-pastoris with white to cream-coloured blister-like traction of DNA using a GenElute Plant Genomic DNA sori were collected in urban areas of Tehran and Darakah Miniprep Kit (Sigma-Aldrich, USA). Plants were tested by in 2014. Genomic DNA was extracted from dried specimens PCR for the presence of Fig mosaic virus (FMV) and Fig by the Chelex method or the DNeasy Plant Mini kit (Qia- badnavirus 1 (FBV-1), applying previously described condi- gen, Germany). Morphological investigations and molecular tions and diagnostic primers (Elbeaino et al., 2009; Laney analysis of coxII mtDNA sequences were carried out to iden- et al., 2012). A symptomless fig tree was used as negative tify Albugo specimens infecting the host. Sporangiophores control. The infection with FMV was confirmed in 26 symp- were hyaline, clavate or cylindrical, 26-32 × 11-14 μm in size. tomatic out of 30 sampled trees (87%), while all 30 plants Sporangia developed in basipetal chains, hyaline, globose to were positive for FBV-1. One amplicon each of FMV and subglobose. Primary sporangia were 12-14 µm and secondary FBV-1 (isolates FMV-Cro-19S and FBV-1-Cro-17S, respec- sporangia 11-19 µm in size. Oospores were rarely observed. tively), were sequenced in both directions (GenBank acces- The COX2 sequence (GenBank accession No. KT807787) sion Nos KT312843 and KT312844). A BLASTN program was 99% identical to that of A. candida from C. bursa-pasto- search showed 97% identity at the nucleotide level of the ris (KJ654156). On the basis of morphological and molecular FMV-Cro-19S RdRp gene with the comparable sequence of data, the pathogen was confirmed to be A. candida. To our FMV SB2-2 isolate from Serbia (AB697838), while the poly- knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of A. candida protein gene from FBV-1-Cro-17S had a sequence identical affecting C. bursa-pastoris in Iran. to that of several FBV-1 isolates from the USA (JN050864, JN050875, JN112365). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of FMV and FBV-1 in Croatia. Choi Y.J., Shin H.D., Hong S.B., Thines M., 2007. Morphological and molecular discrimination among Albugo candida materials Elbeaino T., Digiaro M., Alabdullah A., De Stradis A., Minafra A., infecting Capsella bursa-pastoris worldwide. Fungal Diversity Mielke N., Castellano M.A., Martelli G.P., 2009. A multipar- 27:11–34. tite single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus is the putative Ershad J., 2009. Fungi of Iran. Iranian Research Institute of Plant agent of fig mosaic disease. Journal of General Virology 90: Protection, Tehran, Iran. 1281-1288. Mirzaee M.R., Ploch S., Runge F., Telle S., Nigrelli L., Thines M., Laney A.G., Hassan M., Tzanetakis I.E., 2012. An integrated bad- 2013. A new presumably widespread species of Albugo para- navirus is prevalent in fig germplasm. Phytopathology 102: sitic to Strigosella spp. (Brassicaceae). Mycological Progress 12: 1182-1189. 45-52. Perišic´ M., 1952. Mozaik smokve. Zaštita bilja 9: 62-63.

Corresponding author: M.R. Mirzaee Corresponding author: D. Vončina Fax: +98.5632227611 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Received October 6, 2015 Received September 7, 2015 Accepted November 4, 2015 Accepted October 21, 2015