Doctoral Thesis
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BANAT UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND VETERINARY MEDICINE TIMISOARA FACULTY OF FARM MANAGEMENT POTA MADONA MARIA DOCTORAL THESIS ABSTRACT THESIS ADVISOR: PROFESSOR, IOAN CSÖSZ, Ph.D. TIMIŞOARA 2010 BANAT UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND VETERINARY MEDICINE TIMISOARA FACULTY OF FARM MANAGEMENT POTA MADONA MARIA DOCTORAL THESIS ABSTRACT THESIS ADVISOR: PROFESSOR, IOAN CSÖSZ, Ph.D. TIMIŞOARA 2010 SUMMARY The problem of defining rural areas is not new. Finding a person who never traveled outside the city could prove a difficult exercise. There is a rich literature on the area and its dimensions. Rural and rurality represented object of study for different sciences, including economics, geography, sociology, ethnography, agronomic particularly distinguished. In this context, the number of definitions and studies aimed at rural areas is important. A priority for the first chapter “DEVELOPMENT OF AGRITOURISM IN RURAL AREA” is to define the area of tourism and its manifestation. At European level the rural areas represents 85% of the territory ruled by the gap in quality to urban life. Study and definition of rural default was made in stages and different positions following the evaluation all the effort of understanding a very complex reality. A clear definition of rural is however a difficult endeavors; it is a generic term covering very different realities. The criteria used to define urban or rural character of an area or communities reveal different approaches that can be synthesized in one to three, namely: - Economic, rural areas are characterized by the predominance of farming and processing industry, rural areas with specific essential function of agricultural production; - Sociological, rural society is characterized by a specific lifestyle, behavior and a different value system than urban; - Geographical, rural areas differ in the way of space occupancy, mode of living, clustered or dispersed. Development of rural communities can be described as a process in which the community is actively involved in all initiatives to mobilize resources to capitalize on their social and economic benefit of the community. Romanian rural development has always been strongly influenced by non- agricultural activities, because they have a complementary function in the rural economy. Village community could not go there without certain services provided by some of its members, who realized an incremental work in agriculture and thus contribute to achieving a decent standard of living. Rural natural landscape is an invaluable heritage of mankind. Airy landscape, as flora and fauna, is far healthier for humans. Silence, peace, climate, clean air, peaceful landscape, social calm, cannot be quantified to measure habitat areas. Rural lifestyle, traditions and customs, together form the local or regional people's culture. Among other activities of potential value, village was born the idea of traditional activities with those of hospitality and recreation. The idea of forms of rural tourism based on the fact that agricultural households are generally in a natural, unpolluted, embodying the cultural strand specific area of existence, the agricultural farm has natural resources that can ensure complete any tourist stay, and not least because it opens doors for recovery of rural areas and agricultural products held by pure rural farmers. Current attaches great importance to tourism both in literature and in practice. The same objective I had in November during the second chapter entitled “AGROTURISM CONCEPT, DEFINING FEATURES AND EVOLUTION ROMANIAN AGROTURISM” defining characteristics. Regarding the definition of tourism, it is based on the need to find solutions for rural households, to increase revenue by exploiting their economic potential, developing and hosting services for its products and local recovery. From this fundamental necessity can be made different concepts or definitions derived to characterize agro specialized segments. In terms of accommodation space (the securing of material), agro-tourism can be defined as an activity able to capitalize on existing surplus accommodation peasant farm, trained and equipped specifically for hospitality. In terms of activities that revolve around the rustic, rural tourism can be defined as a set of goods and services offered by the peasant household consumption to persons who, for a given period, come into rural areas for relaxation, rest, recreation, course of therapy, or business transactions, and many other activities. In terms of entertainment, agro-tourism is a form of tourism with more variety and uniqueness in the delivery of services that gives people who love nature, culture and art houses. The general factors influencing the onset and development of agro-tourism activities can be grouped into the following categories: economic factors, psychological factors, demographic factors, natural factors, political factors, circumstantial factors: - Increasing levels of education - Increase the duration Time Recreation - Increased demand for tourism offer "personalized" - Increasing interest in health maintenance - Improvement of sports equipment industry and tourism - Authenticity rural areas; - Improving transport and communications; - Peace and wellbeing - Increasing number of retirees - Affirmation of individualism in the market; - Increasing interest of local administrative bodies and county; - Increased demand for a new kind of holiday, supported by a less polluted environment; - Become more frequent and important travel on weekends; - Rural tourism supports rural economic development - Accession to the European Union structures support the development of rural tourism. In its evolution, agrotourism, but had periods of growth and decline. The fact is that he has never been endangered. Forms big tourism boom currently known so far, because the yearning for freedom and lack of rigid programs. Conducted as complementary activities, tourism forms peasant life balance does not break, not until then leads to the disappearance of existing activities, but also allow higher turning their products and hence their development, along with the emergence of others. Keeping a rural world, with everything that has significant economic aspect, social, cultural, involves the initiation and development of this tourism. Furthermore, tourism may participate in maintaining rural viability and stability, while the depopulation clearly manifested by the departure of young people to urban areas and the old household and land abandonment. Meeting between rural, an extremely fragile and dynamism required by the occurrence of the phenomenon of tourism question the risks arising from restructuring. The importance of tourist hostels has increased as more and more tourists are oriented towards specific accommodation, “hospitality industry” less with cheap rates and preponderant located in rural or suburban areas. Application to practice agro intensified as a result of changing living conditions and attitudes aimed at practicing forms of tourism including tourist presence in nature and active participation of specific business processes. A potential area of interest in terms of tourism, since it provides natural tourist resources or man, whose recovery amid complex arrangements may cause a tourism activity and the inclusion of that territory in national and international circuit. During chapter three, the historic “RESEARCH ON THE POTENTIAL OF AGROTOURISM AND METHOD FOR RECOVERY HIS ACTIVITIY BY AGROTOURISM” we wanted to highlight the structure of Romanian heritage tourism. For Romania, the structure of heritage tourism emphasizes its complexity, the chance of a secure future development. Inventory of natural and man-made targets in the tourism ministry is and will be involved, certainly, in outlining the basic motives in organizing recreational activities, rehabilitation of health or cultural ascent. The multitude and variety of these objectives is, undoubtedly, a guarantee of upward trends in tourism. In the category of natural tourism potential importance for tourism and tourism in general of: - Relief - Water Resources - Flora and Fauna - Climatic factors and treatment. For rural settlements, human resources (especially ethnographic) specific authenticity of any product that would give agro tourism are: - Traditional rural settlements - Traditional architecture - Traditional objects - Folk - Folk Sculpture, - Folk art - Traditional folk instruments; Rural areas where they will practice agro-tourism, will become the place where they will assemble all the elements of natural and human potential in the household and private farms UNEO. Launch tourist villages across the country will lead to special effects to be achieved on the links between hosts and tourists, how to assess the relationship between values and living standards between the two participants in the act of travel, how to resolve situations, communication and exchange of ideas, the relationships established between the provider (host) and client (guest / visitor). Full use of natural resources, economic and human resources of an area with rich tourism potential can be achieved by involving local communities in the tourism sector groups supporting the initiative to develop and promote local tourism product, to protect the environment and cultural assets. Agro-tourism in Romania is an opportunity especially for locals, taking account of the crisis in the agricultural sector, are willing to try a new activity using to increase profitability, which