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The Insurgent Archipelago
THE INSURGENT ARCHIPELAGO JOHN MACKINLAY The Insurgent Archipelago From Mao to bin Laden Columbia University Press Publishers Since 1893 New York Chichester, West Sussex Copyright © 2009 John Mackinlay All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mackinlay, John. The insurgent archipelago : from Mao to Bin Laden / John Mackinlay. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 978-0-231-70116-7 (alk. paper) 1. Counterinsurgency—Asia. 2. Peacekeeping forces—Asia. 3. Counterinsurgency—Afghanistan. 4. Peacekeeping foreces—Afghanistan. 5. Communism—Philosophy. 6. War on Terrorism, 2001- 7. Afghan War, 2001– 8. Mao, Zedong, 1893–1976. 9. Bin Laden, Osama, 1957– I. Title. U241.M332 2009 355.02'18095—dc22 2009032743 ∞ Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper. This book is printed on paper with recycled content. Printed in India c 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 References to Internet Web sites (URLs) were accurate at the time of writing. Neither the author nor Columbia University Press is responsible for URLs that may have expired or changed since the manuscript was prepared. CONTENTS Acknowledgements vii Introduction 1 PART I MAOISM Introduction 9 1. Mao the Prototype 15 2. Evolution 27 3. Gaps in Our Knowledge 43 4. The Chronology of Neglect 61 PART II POST-MAOISM Introduction 77 5. Multiple Populations and Mass Communications 81 6. The Migration Factor 99 7. The Virtual Battlefield 123 8. Post-Maoism 143 PART III RESPONDING TO POST-MAOISM Introduction 163 9. The Expeditionary Approach 171 10. The Domestic Approach 197 11. The Insurgent Archipelago 221 Notes 237 Bibliography 267 Index 279 v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Very many colleagues have helped me to produce this book. -
NANCY LAMBTON Ann Katharine Swynford Lambton 1912–2008
NANCY LAMBTON Ann Katharine Swynford Lambton 1912–2008 ANN KATHARINE SWYNFORD LAMBTON was one of the few outstanding scholars of the Persian language and Persian history that Britain has produced since the subject developed within the wider academic discipline of oriental languages in the nineteenth century. Early in her career she established a reputation as the pre-eminent specialist in all matters Persian: language and grammar, history and political thought in the Islamic period, religion, current events and contemporary political analysis were all considered to lie within her expertise. For many both within and out- side the scholarly community she was the ultimate authority in all these specialisations. There have been few scholars who have so dominated their field for such a long period. For close on seven decades in an exceptionally long, active life she published her research with single-minded determina- tion, for a quarter of a century she held the senior chair in Persian in British universities, and throughout much of her adult life she was thought to be an informal advisor to politicians, diplomats, and oil company directors. Inevitably in a life that spanned some of the decisive events in Iran’s history from the Allied occupation and fall of Reza Shah in 1941, the Azarbaijan crisis in 1946, the coup d’état of 1953, the land reforms of the early 1960s, and the Islamic Revolution of 1979, in all of which she was alleged to have played some part, myths and legends rapidly accumulated about her. Admired by many for her scholarly achievements, demonised by others for her political involvement, fictionalised in the post-revolutionary Iranian press as the eminence grise of British Intelligence, credited with single- handedly breaking up a German espionage operation in the Second World War, and briefly portrayed in a recent English novel—James Buchan’sA Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the British Academy, XII, 235–273. -
Recollections of John Cloake's Diplomatic Career
BDOHP Biographical Details and Interview Index John Cecil CLOAKE (born 2 December 1924) CMG 1977. Career (with, on right, relevant pages in interview) Entry to FO, 1948 pp 2-5 3rd Secretary, Baghdad, 1949 pp 6-11 3rd then 2nd Secretary, Saigon, 1951 pp 11-17 Geneva Conference, 1954 pp 17-18 FO, 1954 pp 17-19 Private Secretary to Permanent Under-Secretary, 1956 pp 19-21 Private Secretary to Parliamentary Under-Secretary, 1957 pp 21-22 1st Secretary, 1957 - Consul (Commercial), New York, 1958 pp 22-27 1st Secretary, Moscow, 1962 pp 27-32 FO, 1963 pp 32-33 Diplomatic Service Administration Office, 1965 pp 33-37 (Counsellor, 1966) (Head of Accommodation Department, 1967) Counsellor (Commercial), Tehran, 1968–72 pp 37-42 Fellow, Centre for International Studies, LSE, 1972–73 pp 42-43 Head of Trade Relations and Exports Department, FCO, 1973–76 pp 43-44 Ambassador to Bulgaria, 1976–80 pp 45-54 1 RECOLLECTIONS OF JOHN CLOAKE’S DIPLOMATIC CAREER RECORDED AND TRANSCRIBED BY ABBEY WRIGHT, APRIL 2013 Entry to Foreign Office and Information Research Department, 1948 AW: This is Abbey Wright speaking with John Cloake on Wednesday 3 April 2013. We’re going to start at the beginning of your diplomatic career, John, and it’s summer 1948; and I’m going to ask “What took you into the Foreign Office?” JC: I had always been very interested in the possibility. I had an uncle who was very much my mentor and role model and who was in the Home Civil Service in the War Office for most of his career and then a Ministry of Defence Under Secretary. -
Reproduced from Templer and the Road to Malayan Independence: the Man and His Time, by Leon Comber (Singapore: Institute of Sout
The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS) was established as an autonomous organization in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are the Regional Economic Studies (RES, including ASEAN and APEC), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued more than 2,000 books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world. 00 Templer.indd 2 3/13/15 9:41 AM First published in Singapore in 2015 by ISEAS Publishing Institute of Southeast Asian Studies 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Pasir Panjang Singapore 119614 E-mail: [email protected] Website: <http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg> All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. © 2015 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore The responsibility for facts and opinions in this publication rests exclusively with the authors and their interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views or the policy of the publishers or their supporters. ISEAS Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Comber, Leon, 1921– Templer and the road to Malayan independence : the man and his time. -
Download It As A
Richmond History JOURNAL OF THE RICHMOND LOCAL HISTORY SOCIETY Numbers 1–39 (1981–2018): Contents, Author Index and Subject Index This listing combines, and makes available online, two publications previously available in print form – Journal Numbers 1 to X: Contents and Index, republished with corrections in October 2006, and Journal Numbers XI to XXV: Contents and Index, published in November 2004. This combined version has been extended to cover all issues of Richmond History up to No. 39 (2018) and it also now includes an author index. Journal numbers are in Arabic numerals and are shown in bold. Although we have taken care to check the accuracy of the index we are aware that there may be some inaccuracies, inconsistencies or omissions. We would welcome any corrections or additions – please email them to [email protected] List of Contents There were two issues in 1981, Richmond History's first year of publication. Since then it has been published annually. No. 1: 1981 The Richmond ‘Riverside Lands’ in the 17th Century James Green Vincent Van Gogh in Richmond and Petersham Stephen Pasmore The development of the top of Richmond Hill John Cloake Hesba Stretton (1832–1911), Novelist of Ham Common Silvia Greenwood Richmond Schools in the 18th and 19th centuries Bernard J. Bull No. 2: 1981 The Hoflands at Richmond Phyllis Bell The existing remains of Richmond Palace John Cloake The eccentric Vicar of Kew, the Revd Caleb Colton, 1780–1832 G. E. Cassidy Miscellania: (a) John Evelyn in 1678 (b) Wordsworth’s The Choir of Richmond Hill, 1820 Augustin Heckel and Richmond Hill Stephen Pasmore The topography of Heckel’s ‘View of Richmond Hill Highgate, 1744’ John Cloake Richmond in the 17th century – the Friars area James Green No. -
Newsletter 104.Pub
The No.104 T. E. LAWRENCE SOCIETY 1st Quarter 2013 Newsletter Society Chairman interviewed by Japanese T.V. hilip Neale was interviewed in December for a feature on the 50th anniver- P sary of the David Lean film. The photograph below shows Philip with the interviewer, Sho standing outside 14 Barton Street, London where Lawrence re- wrote Seven Pillars of Wisdom after the loss of the first manuscript .More on the interview on page 4. Photograph reproduced with kind permission from NHK-Japan Broadcasting Corporation Contents Lawrence in Japan.....................................................................4 Card Images of Lawrence’s World............................................5 Some Glimpses of Lawrence.....................................................8 Obituary ~ Catherine Kennington...........................................10 Long Lost Photograph of ‘George VI’....................................12 Review of Radio Programme..................................................12 Lawrence of Almer ía...............................................................14 Letter.......................................................................................14 New Books..............................................................................16 Newsletter Contributions All contributions are welcome, although we cannot guarantee to use them. If they are to be included in the next issue, either send by post to TELS Newsletter at the address below to arrive by 15th June 2013 , or e-mail to: [email protected] We also like to include photographs of members’ activities; either post original prints with an S.A.E. if you would like them returned, or send full resolution digital photographs by e-mail attachment. Please note that all contributions are subject to editorial amendment. The T. E. Lawrence Society Newsletter Editor: Carol Darbyshire ISSN 0950 950 X is published quarterly by: The T.E. Lawrence Society, P.O. Box 728, Oxford OX2 9ZJ (Registered Charity no. 297940) Copyright © 2013 The T.E. Lawrence Society and contributors . -
The Building of Maids of Honour Row, Richmond’, the Georgian Group Journal, Vol
Sally Jeffery, ‘The Building of Maids of Honour Row, Richmond’, The Georgian Group Journal, Vol. XVIII, 2010, pp. 65–76 TEXT © THE AUTHORS 2010 THE BUILDING OF MAIDS OF HONOUR ROW, RICHMOND SALLY JEFFERY This article reveals the dates and details of building eldest son of George I, first came to live in Richmond of the terrace of four houses known as Maids of Lodge in the summer of and leased the house as Honour Row, Richmond-on-Thames. Although it was a summer residence in . It was originally built as undertaken as a speculative development by Thomas a hunting lodge to Richmond Palace, and was Honour and William Walmesley, some of the situated in the Old Park to the north of what is now accommodation was soon occupied by the Maids of the Twickenham Road, in the area occupied by the Honour to Princess Caroline, Princess of Wales, and it Royal Mid-Surrey Golf Club. This article will show is possible that the builders intended it for that purpose. that, according to building accounts recently found in The National Archives, Maids of Honour Row aids of Honour Row, Richmond, is a terrace of was in fact originally built in – as a speculative Mfour houses facing onto Richmond Green on development, and that some of the accommodation land which once belonged to Richmond Palace. was rented to the Prince of Wales as a residence for (Fig. ) It has previously been accepted that these the ladies in waiting to the Princess of Wales, four houses were built in – specifically to house Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach. -
MAITLAND, Sir Donald James Dundas, GCMG
SIR DONALD (JAMES DUNDAS) MAITLAND Interview Index p.2 Entry to FO pp.2-3 Amara and Baghdad pp.3-4 Working with Lord Reading and Eden p.4 Comments on Suez Crisis pp.4-5 MECAS and the 1958 civil war in Lebanon pp.5-6 Comments on British failure to lead European unity and reliance on US pp.6-10 First application to the EEC and its failure p. 10 The EEC Common Fisheries Policy pp.10-12 Work of the News Department pp.12-14 Working with George Brown (13-14 deals with Resolution 242) pp.14-15 Michael Stewart and Vietnam pp.15-17 Ambassador to Libya. Dealing with Qadaffi. The oil industry. (And see 39-42 below) pp.17-22 Heath's Chief Press Secretary: reasons for the appointment (17-18); the Leila Khalid affair (18-20); end of the Bretton Woods system (20); EEC entry (20-22) pp.22-25 The United Nations. Comments mainly on the 1973 Middle East War. Reasons for being moved back to London. pp.25-26 Offer of Baghdad Embassy by Brimelow pp.26-29 Economic DUS: Harold Wilson and the Havana Charter (26-27); Brimelow and Greenhill as Permanent Under-Secretaries (27-28); working with John Cloake (28); oil crisis (28-29) pp.29-35 UKREP to EEC: challenge of multilateral diplomacy (29-30); motivations behind European integration (30-32); monetary reform and origins of subsidiarity in the 1970s (32-33); distinction between private and public statements in EEC talks (33-35) pp.35-37 Deputy to PUS. -
40 YEARS of the WEST LONDON LOCAL HISTORY CONFERENCE
40 YEARS of THE WEST LONDON LOCAL HISTORY 1981 CONFERENCE 2020 WE ARE PROUD to have run thirty-nine annual West London Local History Conferences; this souvenir marks the fortieth in November 2020 and not only records the themes and speakers but also celebrates the fact that the sponsoring societies have sustained the conference effectively. Reviewing the programmes of talks confirms both the quality and the quantity of local history research that has been going on in our area over 40 years. Furthermore, at each conference our societies’ bookstalls have offered publications which have improved from the typed and duplicated information sheets of the early 1980s to beautifully designed and commercially successful books. THE FIRST CONFERENCE, in September 1981, was promoted by Jeanne Stoddard of the Fulham & Hammersmith Local History Society. She persuaded neighbouring societies to get involved and share any financial loss; in fact the conference made a profit of £62.10. She invited historian Prof David Reeder to chair it, a role he took for almost every conference until 1998. A 40 YEAR SOUVENIR By 1983 the consortium of societies covered Barnes & Mortlake, Brentford & Chiswick, Fulham & Hammersmith, Hounslow, Richmond, Twickenham and Wandsworth. The Shepherds Bush History Group was involved from 1984 to 2009, Acton joined in 1988, the West Middlesex Family History Society in 1992 and the Little Ealing History Group in 2016. At first a different society acted as host each year, finding an easily accessible local venue and organising refreshments. The societies continue to be responsible for selling tickets to their members. The cost was £2 a head at the beginning and for some years tickets bought on the day cost more than those bought in advance – this was eventually abandoned as too confusing! No society wished to host the 1985 conference but Brentford & Chiswick took it on at the new Waterman’s Arts Centre, returning there in 1986. -
Richmond History JOURNAL of the RICHMOND LOCAL HISTORY SOCIETY
Richmond History JOURNAL OF THE RICHMOND LOCAL HISTORY SOCIETY Numbers 1–25: Contents and Index This listing combines, and makes available online for the first time, two publications that have been available in print form – Journal Numbers 1 to X: Contents and Index, republished with corrections in October 2006, and Journal Numbers XI to XXV: Contents and Index, which was compiled by David Frazer and published in November 2004. In this new, combined version, Journal numbers are in Arabic numerals and are shown in bold. We plan, in due course, to extend the listing to include more recent issues. List of Contents There were two issues in 1981, Richmond History's first year of publication. Since then it has been published annually. No. 1: 1981 The Richmond ‘Riverside Lands’ in the 17th Century James Green Vincent Van Gogh in Richmond and Petersham Stephen Pasmore The development of the top of Richmond Hill John Cloake Hesba Stretton (1832–1911), Novelist of Ham Common Silvia Greenwood Richmond Schools in the 18th and 19th centuries Bernard J. Bull No. 2: 1981 The Hoflands at Richmond Phyllis Bell The existing remains of Richmond Palace John Cloake The eccentric Vicar of Kew, the Revd Caleb Colton, 1780–1832 G. E. Cassidy Miscellania: (a) John Evelyn in 1678; (b) Wordsworth’s The Choir of Richmond Hill, 1820 Augustin Heckel and Richmond Hill Stephen Pasmore The topography of Heckel’s ‘View of Richmond Hill Highgate, 1744’ John Cloake Richmond in the 17th century – the Friars area James Green No. 3: 1982 The early history of the Friars Area John Cloake Fun & Games at Kew in 1809 G. -
April 28, 2014
i Copyright by Mark Silinsky 2014 All Rights Reserved ii For the builders of Afghanistan iii Executive Summary The initial hypothesis of this dissertation was that Afghan insurgents’ attacks on Afghan civilians have lowered popular confidence in the Afghan government and its institutions. The goal of the insurgents has been to convince Afghans that their local, provincial, and national governments and security forces cannot protect them. Insurgents harm and kill civilians as part of their strategy of intimidation. Conversely, counterinsurgents try to convince the Afghan people that their government is responsive, that the economy is promising, that the rule of law is strong, and that Armed Forces of Afghanistan are viable. For the counterinsurgency to have been successful, the level of national confidence would need to have been high. National confidence is intangible, often fleeting, and sometimes difficult to gauge. There are standard measurements of human development, such as economic growth; longevity; access to medicine and health clinics, levels of literacy, potable water, security, and others. However, measuring confidence presents unique challenges for the researcher. The Taliban were, by far, the most powerful and largest of the insurgent groups, but there were others. The strategy of the insurgents to break confidence in the Afghan local, provincial and national governments was based on three basic principles: crippling the economy, terrorizing their domestic enemies; and destroying the will of foreign states to continue their support for Kabul. All these tactics were predicated on violence. iv In this dissertation, quantitative methods associated the impact of violent incidents, which were the independent variables, to various indicators of national morale, which are the dependent variables. -
THE THAMES LANDSCAPE STRATEGY Hampton to Kew
THE THAMES LANDSCAPE STRATEGY Hampton to Kew ROYAL FINE ART COMMISSION THAMES LANDSCAPE STRATEGY Hampton to Kew for the THAMES LANDSCAPE STEERING GROUP June1994 ROYAL FINE ART COMMISSION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Report has been commissioned by the Thames Landscape Steering Group and written by Kim Wilkie and Marco Battaggia of Kim Wilkie Environmental Design with Mavis Batey and David Lambert of the Garden History Society, Henrietta Buttery of the Countryside Commission, Jenny Pearce of the London Borough of Richmond, David Goode of the London Ecology Unit and David Bentley of English Nature. Ian and Arthur Kellas, Jane Crawley, John Cloake and Alan Urwin have helped to edit the text. The Strategy has been guided by the Thames Working Group, composed of Mavis Batey, David Bentley, Krysia Bilikowski, Henrietta Buttery, Richard Copas, Alastair Driver, David Lambert, Jenny Pearce, Chris Sumner and Kim Wilkie, chaired by Mike Dawson. The Project has been overseen by the Thames Landscape Steering Group, made up of the Working Group, representatives from the four Boroughs, Paul Calvocoressi, Robin Clement, Michael Hill, David Coleman, Gilly Drummond, David Goode, David Jacques, Hal Moggridge, Paul Velluet and Paul Walshe, chaired by Sherban Cantacuzino. Administrative support has been provided by Surrey County Council and Sue Forsyth Associates. Chapter heading illustrations have been painted by Jenny Pearce and the Landscape Character Reach drawings have been sketched by Kim Wilkie. Photographs are by Marco Battaggia and Kim Wilkie, except where credited. © Thames Landscape Steering Group and Kim Wilkie Environmental Design June 1994 This report is published by the Thames Landscape Steering Group for information and discussion.