DOCSLIB.ORG

Ocean Shores Comprehensive Plan 2020

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ocean Shores Comprehensive Plan 2020 DRAFT Ocean Shores Comprehensive Plan 2020 Mayor: Planning Commission: Crystal Dingler Dan Bricker, Chair Richard Wills, Vice Chair City Council: Greg Cox Susan Conniry Eleanor Dorman Kathryn Sprigg Cathey Peterson Tanya Roberts Frank Elduen Don Westfall Jon Martin Steve Ensley Planning Department Staff: Bob Peterson Alicia Bridges Eric Noble Consultant: Linda J. Whitcher OCEAN SHORES COMPRESHENSIVE PLAN 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................ 1 1 Purpose and Intent .......................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Using this document ...................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Historic Planning ........................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Washington Growth Management Act (GMA) .............................................................. 8 2 Community Profile ........................................................................................................... 9 2.1 History of Ocean Shores ................................................................................................ 9 2.2 Geography of Ocean Shores ........................................................................................ 12 2.3 Climate ........................................................................................................................ 12 2.4 Features of Ocean Shores ............................................................................................ 13 2.5 Visitor Amenities ......................................................................................................... 13 2.6 Conventions ................................................................................................................ 13 2.7 Outdoor Recreation ..................................................................................................... 13 2.8 Culture ......................................................................................................................... 14 2.9 Coastal Interpretive Center ......................................................................................... 14 2.10 Weatherwax ................................................................................................................ 14 2.11 Ocean Shores Community Club ................................................................................... 14 2.12 Population Demographics of Ocean Shores ................................................................ 15 3 Land Use Element .......................................................................................................... 21 3.1 Residential Goals and Policies ..................................................................................... 22 3.2 Commercial Goals and Policies .................................................................................... 22 3.3 Industrial Goals and Policies ........................................................................................ 23 3.4 Stormwater Management Goals and Policies .............................................................. 23 3.5 Visual and Environmental Attractiveness Goals and Policies....................................... 24 3.6 Quality of Life Goals and Policies ................................................................................. 24 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 0 Ocean Shores Draft Comprehensive Plan Page 1 OCEAN SHORES COMPRESHENSIVE PLAN 3.7 Annexation Goals and Policies ..................................................................................... 25 3.8 Dark Skies Goals and Policies ....................................................................................... 25 3.9 Population Distribution and Projection ....................................................................... 26 3.10 Commercial Land Use Categories ................................................................................ 27 3.11 Residential Land Use Categories.................................................................................. 28 3.12 Rezone, Review, and Decision Criteria ........................................................................ 29 3.13 Action Plan: Land Use .................................................................................................. 30 4 Housing Element ............................................................................................................ 31 4.1 Accommodating Population Growth ........................................................................... 31 4.2 Housing Goals and Policies .......................................................................................... 31 4.3 Population Forecast and Demographic Characteristics ............................................... 33 4.4 Inventory and Analysis of Housing Needs ................................................................... 35 4.5 Existing Housing Characteristics .................................................................................. 35 4.6 Housing Affordability ................................................................................................... 41 4.7 Ability to Accommodate Expected Population Growth: Years 2017 ‐ 2040 ................. 45 4.8 Affordable Housing Strategies ..................................................................................... 47 4.9 Action Plan: Housing ................................................................................................... 47 5 Economic Development ................................................................................................. 49 5.1 Tourism Goals and Policies .......................................................................................... 49 5.2 Marketing Goals and Policies ...................................................................................... 49 5.3 Property Development/Construction Goals and Policies ............................................ 50 5.4 Action plan: Economic Development .......................................................................... 55 6 Environmental Element ................................................................................................. 57 6.1 Environmental Element Key Goals .............................................................................. 57 6.2 Wetland Goals and Policies ......................................................................................... 58 6.3 Critical Aquifer Recharge Area Goals and Policies ....................................................... 59 6.4 Frequently Flooded Areas Goals and Policies .............................................................. 60 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 0 Ocean Shores Draft Comprehensive Plan Page 2 OCEAN SHORES COMPRESHENSIVE PLAN 6.5 Geologically Hazardous Areas Goals and Policies ........................................................ 60 6.6 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Goals and Policies ................................................................ 60 6.7 Shoreline Goals and Policies ........................................................................................ 61 6.8 Twenty‐year Focus: The Challenge and Implementation ............................................ 61 6.9 Relationship to Growth Management Act ................................................................... 62 6.10 Associated City Plans and Regulations ........................................................................ 62 6.11 Wetlands ..................................................................................................................... 6 3 6.12 Critical Aquifer Recharge Area ..................................................................................... 64 6.13 Frequently Flooded Areas ........................................................................................... 67 6.14 Geologically Hazardous Areas ..................................................................................... 67 6.15 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas ............................................................. 69 6.16 Shorelines .................................................................................................................... 70 6.17 Action plan: Environmental Element ........................................................................... 71 7 Utilities and Public Facilities Element ............................................................................. 73 7.1 Shaping the Future ...................................................................................................... 76 7.2 City Owned Utility Goals and Policies .......................................................................... 77 7.3 Drinking Water Utility .................................................................................................. 79 7.4 Drinking Water Goals and Policies ............................................................................... 79 7.5 Wastewater Utility ...................................................................................................... 81 7.6 Wastewater Goals and Policies ................................................................................... 82 7.7 Stormwater Utility ....................................................................................................... 82 7.8 Stormwater Goals and Policies
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Forestry Books, 1820-1945
    WASHINGTON STATE FORESTRY BIBLIOGRAPHY: BOOKS, 1820‐1945 (334 titles) WASHINGTON STATE FORESTRY BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS (published between 1820‐1945) 334 titles Overview This bibliography was created by the University of Washington Libraries as part of the Preserving the History of U.S. Agriculture and Rural Life Grant Project funded and supported by the National Endowment of the Humanities (NEH), Cornell University, the United States Agricultural Information Network (USAIN), and other land‐grant universities. Please note that this bibliography only covers titles published between 1820 and 1945. It excludes federal publications; articles or individual numbers from serials; manuscripts and archival materials; and maps. More information about the creation and organization of this bibliography, the other available bibliographies on Washington State agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, and the Preserving the History of U.S. Agriculture and Rural Life Grant Project for Washington State can be found at: http://www.lib.washington.edu/preservation/projects/WashAg/index.html Citation University of Washington Libraries (2005). Washington State Agricultural Bibliography. Retrieved from University of Washington Libraries Preservation Web site, http://www.lib.washington.edu/preservation/projects/WashAg/index.html © University of Washington Libraries, 2005, p. 1 WASHINGTON STATE FORESTRY BIBLIOGRAPHY: BOOKS, 1820‐1945 (334 titles) 1. After the War...Wood! s.l.: [1942]. (16 p.). 2. Cash crops from Washington woodlands. S.l.: s.n., 1940s. (30 p., ill. ; 22 cm.). 3. High‐ball. Portland, Ore.: 1900‐1988? (32 p. illus.). Note: "Logging camp humor." Other Title: Four L Lumber news. 4. I.W.W. case at Centralia; Montesano labor jury dares to tell the truth. Tacoma: 1920.
    [Show full text]
  • Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe 2014 Hazard Mitigation Plan
    SHOALWATER BAY INDIAN TRIBE 2014 HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN ` Bridgeview Consulting, LLC Bridging the Gap in Emergency Management Services 915 No. Laurel Lane Tacoma, WA 98406 Tel 253.301.1330 Fax 253.460.8220 HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN FINAL SEPTEMBER 2014 Prepared for: Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe P.O. Box 130 Tokeland, WA 98590 Prepared by: ` Bridgeview Consulting, LLC Bridging the Gap in Emergency Management Services 915 No. Laurel Lane Tacoma, WA 98406 Tel 253.301.1330 Fax 253.460.8220 Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................................. vii Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................... E-1 Chapter 1. Introduction to the Planning Process ................................................................................................ 1-1 Chapter 2. Plan Development Methodology ...................................................................................................... 2-1 Chapter 3. Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe Profile ................................................................................................ 3-1 Chapter 4. Planning Area Natural Environment ................................................................................................ 4-1 Chapter 5. Demographics, Development and Regulation .................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Chehalis River Basin Flood Damage Reduction Project NEPA Environmental Impact Statement
    Appendix C References Cited in the Environmental Impact Statement September 2020 Chehalis River Basin Flood Damage Reduction Project NEPA Environmental Impact Statement APPENDIX C: REFERENCES CITED IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Chapter 1, Introduction CEQ (Council on Environmental Quality), 1999. Memorandum from: George T. Frampton, Jr., Acting Chair, to: Heads of Federal Agencies. Regarding: Designation of Non-Federal Agencies to be Cooperating Agencies in Implementing the Procedural Requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act. July 28, 1999. Corps (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers), 2018. Memorandum for the Record. Regarding: Determination of the Requirement for an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for the Chehalis River Basin Dam Proposal. January 31, 2018. Corps, 2019. Chehalis River Basin Flood Damage Reduction NEPA EIS Scoping Summary Report. January 2019. CRBFA (Chehalis River Basin Flood Authority), 2019. Flood Authority Master Contact List 5-15-2019. Last modified May 15, 2019. Accessed July 27, 2020. Accessed at: https://www.ezview.wa.gov/Portals/_1492/images/Updated%20-- %20Flood%20Authority%20Contact%20Sheet%20--%205-15-2019.pdf. Work Group (Governor’s Chehalis Basin Work Group), 2018. Letter to: Jay Inslee, Office of the Governor. Regarding: Chehalis Basin Board’s Capital Budget Recommendation for 2019-2021. November 26, 2018. Chapter 2, Purpose and Need CBP (Chehalis Basin Partnership), 2004. Chehalis Basin Watershed Management Plan. Accessed at: http://chehalisbasinpartnership.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbp_wmp.pdf. NFIP (National Flood Insurance Program), 2015. Loss Statistics from January 1, 1978 to July 31, 2015. Updated July 2015; accessed October 2, 2015. Accessed at: http://bsa.nfipstat.fema.gov/reports/1040.htm.
    [Show full text]
  • Supp III a Basin Description
    Supplement Section III — Basin Description Information Base Part A — Basin Description The Chehalis River Basin is the largest river basin in western Washington. With the exception of the Columbia River basin, it is the largest in the state. The basin extends over eight counties. It encompasses large portions of Grays Harbor, Lewis, and Thurston counties, and smaller parts of Mason, Pacific, Cowlitz, Wahkiakum, and Jefferson counties. For purposes of water resources planning under the Washington State Watershed Planning Act of 1998, the Chehalis Basin was divided into two Water Resource Inventory Areas (WRIAs), WRIA 22 and WRIA 23, depicted here with surrounding WRIA numbers and in relation to the whole state of Washington. Chehalis Basin Watershed — County Land Areas County Area (sq.mi.) Area (acres) Percentage Grays Harbor 1,390 889,711 50.3% Thurston 323 206,446 11.7% Lewis 770 493,103 27.9% Mason 206 132,146 7.5% Pacific 66 42,040 2.4% Cowlitz 8 5,427 0.3% Jefferson 2 1,259 0.07% Wahkiakum .1 37 0.002% Total 2,766 1,770,169 Source: Chehalis Watershed GIS Watershed Boundaries The basin is bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, on the east by the Deschutes River Basin, on the north by the Olympic Mountains, and on the south by the Willapa Hills and Cowlitz River Basin. Elevations vary from sea level at Grays Harbor to the 5,054-foot Capitol Peak in the Olympic National Forest. The basin consists of approximately 2,766 square miles. The Chehalis WRIA 22 River system flows through three distinct eco-regions before emptying into Grays Harbor near Aberdeen (Omernik, 1987): • The Cascade ecoregion (including the Olympic Mountains) is char- acterized by volcanic/sedimentary bedrock formations.
    [Show full text]
  • Barbara Lane Fc^Ido. Date: September 27, 1993 «3*Sfs' Subject: Review of Data Re: Possible Native Presence Mountain Goat Olympic National Park
    Memorandum O/JLcv VJ». To: Paul Gleeson l«vu/s- fx«£»*-4'5-lz.y From: Barbara Lane fc^ido. Date: September 27, 1993 «3*SfS' Subject: Review of data re: possible native presence mountain goat Olympic National Park Enclosed is a final copy of my report "Western Washington Indian Knowledge of Mountain Goat in the Nineteenth Century: Historic, Ethnographic, and Linguistic Data". Please substitute the enclosed for the copy sent to you earlier and destroy the earlier draft. On rereading the earlier paper I discovered numerous minor typographical and editorial matters which have been corrected in the final version enclosed herewith. Also enclosed is a signed copy of the contract associated with this project. Thank you for inviting me to participate in this review. I found the subject matter stimulating. Dr. Schultz's article is a real contribution to the history of exploration in the region. WY-U3-1WM ll^l^HH hKUTI IU l.fUb-O.iUJJ'} K.tU 1 Western Washington Indian Knowlege of Mountain Goat in the Nineteenth Century : Historic, Ethnographic, and Linguistic Data Introductory remarks This commentary is written in response to a request from the National Park Service for a review of materials concerning evidence relating to presence or absence of mountain goat in the Olympic Mountains prior to introduction of this species in the 1920s. Dr. Lyman (1988) noted that the view that mountain goat were not native to the Olympic Peninsula is based on an absence of biological reports, absence of historical and ethnographic records, and lack of archaeofaunal evidence of pre-1920s presence of the species in this region.
    [Show full text]
  • Supreme Court of the United States ______
    No. 19-247 In the Supreme Court of the United States __________________ CITY OF BOISE, IDAHO, Petitioner, v. ROBERT MARTIN, ET AL., Respondents. __________________ On Petition for Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit __________________ BRIEF OF THE CITY OF ABERDEEN, WASHINGTON AMICUS CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF THE CITY OF BOISE __________________ JOHN EDWARD JUSTICE MARY PATRICE KENT JEFFREY SCOTT MYERS Corporation Counsel Law, Lyman, Daniel, Counsel of Record Kamerrer & Bogdanovich, P.S. Office of Corporation Counsel, Post Office Box 11880 City of Aberdeen Olympia, WA 98508-1880 200 East Market Street (360) 754-3480 Aberdeen, WA 98520 (360) 357-3511 (fax) (360) 537-3233 [email protected] (360) 532-9137 (fax) [email protected] [email protected] Counsel for Amicus Curiae City of Aberdeen, Washington in Support of Petition of City of Boise Becker Gallagher · Cincinnati, OH · Washington, D.C. · 800.890.5001 i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES . iii INTEREST OF AMICUS CURIAE . 1 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT . 2 ARGUMENT . 3 I. Context/Background . 3 II. Aberdeen Experience: River Street Property ..................................... 5 A. Background ........................ 5 B. Monroe, et al. v. City of Aberdeen, et al. 8 C. Aitken, et al. v. City of Aberdeen . 8 III. Martin does not clearly define “available overnight shelter” . 12 IV. Martin has impermissibly expanded prohibitions against criminalization to generally applicable protections of public health and welfare. 13 V. Martin has created unintended consequences including appropriating of public property for personal use; and shifting responsibility for local management of homelessness to the federal judiciary. 15 A.
    [Show full text]
  • COAST SALISH SENSES of PLACE: Dwelling, Meaning, Power, Property and Territory in the Coast Salish World
    COAST SALISH SENSES OF PLACE: Dwelling, Meaning, Power, Property and Territory in the Coast Salish World by BRIAN DAVID THOM Department of Anthropology, McGill University, Montréal March, 2005 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy © Brian Thom, 2005 Abstract This study addresses the question of the nature of indigenous people's connection to the land, and the implications of this for articulating these connections in legal arenas where questions of Aboriginal title and land claims are at issue. The idea of 'place' is developed, based in a phenomenology of dwelling which takes profound attachments to home places as shaping and being shaped by ontological orientation and social organization. In this theory of the 'senses of place', the author emphasizes the relationships between meaning and power experienced and embodied in place, and the social systems of property and territory that forms indigenous land tenure systems. To explore this theoretical notion of senses of place, the study develops a detailed ethnography of a Coast Salish Aboriginal community on southeast Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Through this ethnography of dwelling, the ways in which places become richly imbued with meanings and how they shape social organization and generate social action are examined. Narratives with Coast Salish community members, set in a broad context of discussing land claims, provide context for understanding senses of place imbued with ancestors, myth, spirit, power, language, history, property, territory and boundaries. The author concludes in arguing that by attending to a theorized understanding of highly local senses of place, nuanced conceptions of indigenous relationships to land which appreciate indigenous relations to land in their own terms can be articulated.
    [Show full text]
  • Communicating the Cultural Values of a Sacred Mountain Through Collaboration with the Sts’Ailes Nation of British Columbia
    COMMUNICATING THE CULTURAL VALUES OF A SACRED MOUNTAIN THROUGH COLLABORATION WITH THE STS’AILES NATION OF BRITISH COLUMBIA by In Ae Kim B.Sc., Kangwon National University, 2003 M.Sc., Seoul National University, 2005 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (Forestry) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) September 2016 © In Ae Kim, 2016 Abstract This research provides communication strategies for First Nations and forestry agencies in British Columbia. I have used a community-based, participatory, and case study approach to conduct an in-depth study of conflict resolution between Sts’ailes, a Coast Salish First Nation located near Vancouver, and the British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations (hereinafter the Ministry of Forests). This study identifies the cultural uses of forest resources among Sts’ailes people and communication challenges central to the conflict, and suggests strategies that can help to achieve meaningful communication and collaboration between First Nations people and forestry staff. The ultimate purpose of this study is to explore cultural values related to forest management among the Sts’ailes Nation and to explore the dynamics of their communication process, focusing on Kweh-Kwuch-Hum, a sacred mountain located on Sts’ailes traditional land. This study asks how First Nations can make themselves heard when “speaking” about cultural values within the context of forest management. It describes Sts’ailes people’s ways of using and maintaining access to forestlands and resources. The cultural values of forest uses are important to the revitalization of the Sts’ailes way of life, cultural identity and well- being.
    [Show full text]
  • 02-Grays Harbor Sediment Literature Review
    Plaza 600 Building 600 Stewart Street, Suite 1700 Seattle, Washington 98101 206.728.2674 June 29, 2015 National Fisheries Conservation Center 308 Raymond Street Ojai, California 93023 Attention: Julia Sanders Subject: Cover Letter Literature Review & Support Services Grays Harbor, Washington File No. 21922-001-00 GeoEngineers has completed the literature search regarding sedimentation within Grays Harbor estuary. The attached letter report and appendices summarize our efforts to gather and evaluate technical information regarding the sedimentation conditions in Grays Harbor, and the corresponding impacts to shellfish. This literature search was completed in accordance with our signed agreement dated May 5, 2015, and is for the express use of the National Fisheries Conservation Center and its partners in this investigation. We will also provide to you electronic copies of the references contained in the bibliography. We thank you for the opportunity to support the National Fisheries Conservation Center as you investigate the sedimentation issues in Grays Harbor. We look forward to working with you to develop mitigation strategies that facilitate ongoing shellfish aquaculture in Grays Harbor. Sincerely, GeoEngineers, Inc. Timothy P. Hanrahan, PhD Wayne S. Wright, CFP, PWS Senior Fluvial Geomorphologist Senior Principal TPH:WSW:mlh Attachments: Grays Harbor Literature Review & Support Services Letter Report Figure 1. Vicinity Map Appendix A. Website Links Appendix B. Bibliography One copy submitted electronically Disclaimer: Any electronic form, facsimile or hard copy of the original document (email, text, table, and/or figure), if provided, and any attachments are only a copy of the original document. The original document is stored by GeoEngineers, Inc. and will serve as the official document of record.
    [Show full text]
  • Projects *Projects in Red Are Still in Progress Projects in Black Are Complete **Subcontractor
    Rognlin’s, Inc. Record of Construction Projects *Projects in Red are still in progress Projects in black are complete **Subcontractor % Complete Contract Contract & Job # Description/Location Amount Date Owner Architect/Engineer Class Completion of Date Work Washington Department of Fish and Washington Department of Wildlife Fish and Wildlife Log Jam Materials for East Fork $799,000.00 01/11/21 PO Box 43135 PO Box 43135 Satsop River Restoration Olympia, WA 98504 Olympia, WA 98504 Adrienne Stillerman 360.902.2617 Adrienne Stillerman 360.902.2617 WSDOT WSDOT PO Box 47360 SR 8 & SR 507 Thurston County PO Box 47360 $799,000.00 Olympia, WA 98504 Stormwater Retrofit Olympia, WA 98504 John Romero 360.570.6571 John Romero 360.570.6571 Parametrix City of Olympia 601 4th Avennue E. 1019 39th Avenue SE, Suite 100 Water Street Lift Station Generator $353,952.76 Olympia, WA 98501 Puyallup, WA 98374 Jim Rioux 360-507-6566 Kevin House 253.604.6600 WA State Department of Enterprise SCJ Alliance Services 14th Ave Tunnel – Improve 8730 Tallon Lane NE, Suite 200 20-80-167 $85,000 1500 Jefferson Street SE Pedestrian Safety Lacey, WA 98516 Olympia, WA 98501 Ross Jarvis 360-352-1465 Bob Willyerd 360.407.8497 ABAM Engineers, Inc. Port of Grays Harbor 33301 9th Ave S Suite 300 Terminals 3 & 4 Fender System PO Box 660 20-10-143 $395,118.79 12/08/2020 Federal Way, WA 98003-2600 Repair Aberdeen, WA 98520 (206) 357-5600 Mike Johnson 360.533.9528 Robert Wallace Grays Harbor County Grays Harbor County 100 W.
    [Show full text]
  • Tribal Newsletter
    The Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation CHEHALIS “People of the Sands” May 2014TRIBAL NEWSLETTERFree Governor Inslee Tours the Chehalis Roundtable Discussion Improve Small Reservation to Discuss Tribal Issues By Jeff Warnke, Director of Business Growth in Indian Country Government Public Relations The Chehalis Tribal Loan Fund was invited to a Roundtable with On April 17, Governor Jay Inslee Senator Maria Cantwell and became the first Governor in recent newly presidential appointed memory to visit the Chehalis Small Business Administration Reservation for the sole purpose Administrator Maria Contreras- of meeting with the Business Sweet Committee to discuss issues with the Tribe and tour the Reservation. The Chehalis Tribal Loan Fund was Governor Inslee was touring in one of three Native CDFI’s invited Lewis County and on his way back to participate with Washington to Olympia for a meeting on the State Community Development Oso mud slide relief, but he made Financial Institutes (CDFI) in a time to stop at the Tribal Center roundtable discussion. The CDFI where he met with Tribal Leaders Program is under the Department for more than two hours. The During his visit to the Chehalis Reservation, Governor Jay of the Treasury. The vision of meeting started with a dialogue Inslee discuss flooding issues on the Chehalis River with the Community Development between the Governor and the Chairman David Burnett. Financial Institutions Fund is to Chairman discussing how the State Governor Inslee was especially the Legislature, Washington State economically empower America’s and Tribe can work together on interested in hearing about state provided more than two million under-served and distressed common issues such as tax policy, funded projects on the Reservation dollars to construct the bridge communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 49, Number 2 Fall 2015
    Journal of Northwest Anthropology Volume 49, Number 2 Fall 2015 Richland, WA JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST ANTHROPOLOGY FORMERLY NORTHWEST ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH NOTES EDITORS Darby C. Stapp Deward E. Walker, Jr. Richland, WA University of Colorado ASSOCIATE EDITORS C. Melvin Aikens (University of Oregon), Haruo Aoki (University of California), Virginia Beavert (Yakama Nation), Don E. Dumond (University of Oregon), Don D. Fowler (University of Nevada), Raymond D. Fogelson (University of Chicago), Rodney Frey (University of Idaho), Ronald Halfmoon (Lapwai), Tom F.S. McFeat (University of Toronto), and Jay Miller (Lushootseed Research) Julia G. Longenecker Operations Manager Kara N. Powers Editorial Assistant Heather Hansen Production Assistant Composed by Northwest Anthropology LLC, Richland, WA; Printed by CreateSpace. Missing issue claim limit 18 months. For back issues and catalogue of prices contact Coyote Press, P O Box 3377, Salinas, CA 93912. <http://www.californiaprehistory.com> POLICY Journal of Northwest Anthropology, published semiannually by Northwest Anthropology LLC, in Richland, Washington, is a refereed journal and welcomes contributions of professional quality dealing with anthropological research in northwestern North America. Regular issues are published semiannually. Theoretical and interpretive studies and bibliographic works are preferred, although highly descriptive studies will be considered if they are theoretically significant. The primary criterion guiding selection of papers will be how much new research they can be expected to stimulate or facilitate. SUBSCRIPTIONS The subscription price is $45.00 U.S. per annum for individuals and small firms, $60.00 for institutional subscriptions, $30.00 for students with proof of student status, and $25.00 for all electronic subscriptions; payable in advance. Remittance should be made payable to Northwest Anthropology LLC.
    [Show full text]