DOCSLIB.ORG

Historia Ciencias Cognitivas: Anexo. Prof. Dr. Enrique Barmaimon. 1ª

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Historia Ciencias Cognitivas: Anexo. Prof. Dr. Enrique Barmaimon. 1ª Historia Ciencias Cognitivas: Anexo. Prof. Dr. Enrique Barmaimon. 1ª.Edición Virtual. Año 2015. Montevideo. Uruguay. -ANEXO HISTORIA CIENCIAS COGNITIVAS. TERCERA PARTE. -INDICE HISTORIA CIENCIAS COGNITIVAS. -INDICE- PRIMERA PARTE. 3 -1)- Ciencias Cognitivas. 7 -1.1)-Introducción. 7 -1.2)-Índice. 8 -1.3)- Historia. 8 -1.4)- Transdisciplinariedad de las Ciencias Cognitivas . 10 -1.4.1)- Ciencias Subjetuales. 12 -1.4.2)- Tecnologías Subjetuales. 12 -1.4.3)- Ciencias Objetuales. 13 -1.4.4)- Ciencias Histórico-objetuales. 13 -1.4.5)- Ciencias Eidéticas 13 -1.4.6)- Tecnologías Objetuales 14 -1,5)- Convergencia Metodológica en las Ciencias Cognitivas 14 -1.6)- Notas y Referencias. 15 -1.7)- Bibliografía 16 -1.8 )- Enlaces externos.- 16 -2)- Psicología Cognitiva. 18 -2.1)- Generalidades. 18 -2.2)- Indice. 19 -2.3)- Historia. 19 -2.4)- Psicología Cognitiva. 20 -2.4.1)- Generalidades. 20 -2.4.2)- Etapas Históricas en el Desarrollo de la Psicología Cognitiva . 21 -2.4.3)- Aplicaciónes. 22 -2.4.4)- Críticas 22 -2.5)- Véase también 22 -2.6)- Referencias. 22 -3)- Epistemología. 23 -3.1)- Generalidades. 23 -3.2)- Índice. 24 -3.3)- Introducción Histórica. 24 -3.4)- Los problemas de la epistemología. 29 -3.5)- Teoría del Conocimiento . 31 -3.6)- Véase También. 32 -3.7)- Notas y referencias . -3.8)- Bibliografía. 32 -4)- Linguistica. 35 -4.1)-Generalidades. 35 -4.2)-Indice. 36 4.3)- Introducción. 36 225 Historia Ciencias Cognitivas: Anexo. Prof. Dr. Enrique Barmaimon. 1ª.Edición Virtual. Año 2015. Montevideo. Uruguay. -4.4)- Historia . 38 -4.5)- Niveles de estudio . 40 -4.5.1)- Escuelas Lingüísticas. 41 -4.5.2)- Estudios Interdisciplinarios de la Lingüística. 42 -4.5.3)- Temas de estudio lingüístico. 42 -4.5.4)- Centros de Investigación Lingüística. 43 -4.5.5)- Lingüistas destacados. 43 -4.5)- Lenguas del Mundo . 44 4.5.1)- Lista de Familias y Lenguas del Mundo. 45 4.5.2)- Distribución Geográfica. 45 4.5.3)- Lenguas por Número de Hablantes. 46 -4.5)- Véase también. 46 -4.6)- Referencias. 51 -4.7)- Bibliografía. 51 -4.8)- Enlaces externos. 52 --5)- Red Neuronal Artificial. 54 -5.1) - Índice. 54 -5.2)- Historia. 55 -5.3)- Propiedades . 55 -5.3.1)- Diseño y Programación de una RNA. (red neuronal artificial) 56 -5.3.2)- Estructura. 56 -5.4)- Ventajas. 57 -5.5)- Tipología de las RNA . 57 -5.5.1)- Modelos. 58 -5.5.2)- Topología. 58 -5.5.3)- Aprendizaje. 58 -5.5.4)- Tipo de entrada. 59 -5.6)- Aplicaciones . 59 -5.6.1)- Ejemplos . 59 -5.6.1.1)- Quake II Neuralbot. 60 -5.6.1.2)- Clasificador No Sesgado de Proteínas. 60 -5.7)- Herramientas de software. 60 -5.8)- Véase también. 61 -5.9)- Referencias. 61 -5.10)- Enlaces Externos. 61 -6)- Neuropsicología. 63 -6.1)- Índice. 63 -6.2)- Diversos Enfoques. 64 -6.3)- Historia . 64 -6.4)- Actualidad . 66 -6.4.1)- La Escuela Reflexológica. 66 -6.4.2)- Las pruebas neuropsicológicas. 66 -6.4.3)- Pruebas Diagnósticas Neurofisiología Clínica. 67 -6.4.4)- Algunas Enfermedades y Trastornos habitualmente estudiados. 67 -6.4.5)- Rehabilitación Neuropsicológíca. 68 226 Historia Ciencias Cognitivas: Anexo. Prof. Dr. Enrique Barmaimon. 1ª.Edición Virtual. Año 2015. Montevideo. Uruguay. -6.5)- Neuropsicólogos influyentes. 69 -6.6)- Neuropsicología Cognitiva. 69 -6.6.1)- Historia. 70 -6.6.2)-Métodos. 72 -6.6.3)- Véase También. 73 -6.6.4)- Neurociencias Cognitivas. 73 -6.6.5)- Referencias. 77 -6.7)- Bibliografía . 78 -6.8)- Enlaces externos. 79 -7)- Antropología. 80 -7.1)- Generalidades . 80 -7.2)- Antecedentes. 82 -7.3)- Historia. 84 -7.4)- El Objeto de Estudio Antropológico. 85 -7.5)- Campos de acción de la Antropología . 86 .7.6)- Ramas y subramas. 90 -7.7)- El origen de la pregunta antropológica. 92 -7-7.1)- Antropología Moderna. 94 -7.8)- Historia de la Antropología . 94 -7.8.1)- Nacimiento institucional de la antropología. 94 -7.9)- El devenir de la antropología durante el siglo XX . 97 -7.9.1(- El Desarrollo de la Sociología y la Etnología Francesa. 97 -7.9.2 El Culturalismo Estadounidense. 98 -7.9.3 El Funcionalismo Británico . 100 -7.9.3.1 Tesis Centrales del Funcionalismo. 100 -7.9.3.2)- Una mirada histórica sobre el funcionalismo británico. 100 -7.9.4)- Funcionalismo, Funcionalismo Estructuralista, Antropología Cognoscitiva, Antropología Simbólica y Ecología Cultural. 101 -7.9.5)- Antropología y Etnografía Soviética. 102 -7.9.6)- La Antropología en Latinoamérica. 102 -7.10)- La Antropología en Tiempos Actuales. 103 -7.11)- Código de Ética y Política en Antropología. 105 -7.12)- Véase también. 107 -7.13)- Notas. 107 -7.14)- Referencias y Bibliografía. 109 -7.15)- Enlaces Externos. 109 -8)-Neurotecnologías. 111 -8.1)- Índice. 111 -8.2)- Definiciones. 112 -8.3)-Sistemas y Aparatos. 112 -8.3.1)- Descripción de Algunos. 114 -8.3.1.1)- FMRI : imágenes por resonancia magnética funcional. 114 -8.3.1.2)- EEG :Electroencefalograma. 115 -8.3.1.3)- MEG : Magnetoencefalografía. 119 227 Historia Ciencias Cognitivas: Anexo. Prof. Dr. Enrique Barmaimon. 1ª.Edición Virtual. Año 2015. Montevideo. Uruguay. -8.3.1.4)- PET : Tomografía de emisión de positrones. 121 -8.3.1.5)- MRS : Resonancia magnética espectroscópica. 125 -8.3.1.6)- 2D-Ultrasound Imaging: imagen por ultrasonidos 2D. 133 -8.3.1.7)- 3D-Ultrasonido. 133 -8.3.1.8)-NIRS: Optical Topography (topografía óptica). 136 -8.3.1.9)-EMIT. 138 -8.4)-Bibliografía. 138 -8.5)- Véase también. 139 -8.6)- Enlaces externos. 139 -9)-Inteligencia Artificial. 139 -9.1)- Índice. 141 -9.2)- Categorías de la Inteligencia Artificial. 142 -9.3)- Escuelas de Pensamiento . 142 -9.4)-Historia. 143 -9.5)- Inteligencia Artificial y los Sentimientos. 145 -9.6)- Críticas. 151 -9.7)- Tecnologías de Apoyo. 152 -9.8)- Aplicaciones Inteligencia Artificial. 153 -9.9)- Investigadores en Campo Inteligencia Artificial. 153 -9.10)- Inteligencia Artificial en la Ficción. 153 -9.11)- Véase También. 154 -9.12)- Referencias. 154 -9.13)- Bibliografía. 155 -9.14)- Enlaces externos. 155 -SEGUNDA PARTE: 161 -10-Feromonas. 163 -10.1)- Generalidades. 163 -10.2-Indice. 163 - 10.3)-Feromonas en Animales. 164 -10.3.1- Las Feromonas en las Abejas. 164 -10.3.2)- Las Feromonas en las Hormigas . 164 -10.3.3)-- Feromonas en Ratones 168 -10.4)-- Feromonas en Humanos 168 --10.5)- Referencias 170 -11)- Psiconeurobiología de la Atracción y el Amor. 172 -11.1)-Índice. 173 -11.2)-Generalidades. 173 -11.3)- Amor y Estrés Psicoemocional. 174 -11,4)- Amor Ciego. 178 -11.5)- Fidelidad y Promiscuidad. 180 228 Historia Ciencias Cognitivas: Anexo. Prof. Dr. Enrique Barmaimon. 1ª.Edición Virtual. Año 2015. Montevideo. Uruguay. -11.6)- Estrés y Fidelidad. 183 -11.7)- Filosofía y Química del Amor. 185 -11.8)-El Amor Sin Límites. Los Celos. 188 -11.9)- Amor y Genes. 189 -11.10)- La Elección. 192 -11.11)- Amor y Química. 194 -11.12)- Conclusiones. 198 -11.13)- Bibliografía. 200 -12)- Cognición.. 202 -12.1)- Generalidades. 202 -12.2)- Índice. 202 -12.3)- El Proceso Mental . 203 -12.3.1)- Procesamiento de la Información. 203 -12.4)- Actividad Cognitiva . 203 -12.4.1)- Estructura Cognitiva. 204 -12.5)- Véase también. 204 -13)- Gestión del Conocimiento. 204 -13.1)-Índice: 205 -13.2)-Conceptos. 205 -13.3)- Antecedentes del Estudio del Conocimiento. 206 -13.4)- Técnicas de Gestión del Conocimiento. 206 -13.5)- Gestión del Conocimiento Profesional . 207 -13.6)- Práctica . 208 -13.7)- Minería de Datos. 208 -13.8)- Definiciones Relacionadas. 209 -13.9)- Memoria Corporativa. 209 -13.10)- Arquitecturas y Herramientas. 210 -13.11)- Referencias. 211 -13.12)- Notas. 211 -13.13)- Véase También. 211 -13.14)- Enlaces Externos. 211 -14)- Mente. 212 -14.1)-Generalidades. 212 -14.2)-Índice. 213 -14.3)-Introducción. 213. -14.4)-Ontogénesis de la Mente. 214 -14.5)-Trastornos de la Mente. 215 -14.6)- Índices de Tolerancia. 216 -14.7)-Analogías. 217 -14.8)- Principales Sistemas Teóricos. 218 -14.9)- Historia Evolutiva Mente Humana. 219 -14.10)- Véase También. 219 -14.11)- Referencias y Notas. 219 229 Historia Ciencias Cognitivas: Anexo. Prof. Dr. Enrique Barmaimon. 1ª.Edición Virtual. Año 2015. Montevideo. Uruguay. -14.12)- Bibliografía adicional. 220 -14.13)- Enlaces Externos. 220 -15)-Resumen de Ciencias Cognitivas. 221 TERCERA PARTE: ANEXOS A: 241 -16)- [1,1)-Introducción. (pág.7)]: -16.1)-INTERDISCIPLINARIEDAD- 241. -16.1.1)-Introducción. 242 -16.1.2)- Algunas Personas Asociadas a la Interdisciplinariedad. 242 -16.1.3)- Definiciones de Interdisciplinariedad. 243 -16.1.4)- Algunos Estudios Interdisciplinarios. 243 -16.1.5)- Referencia. 244 -16.1.6)- Véase También. 244 -16.2)- LÓGICA. 244 -16.2.1)- Historia . 245 -16.2.1.1)- Edad Antigua. 246 -16.2,1.2)- Edad Media. 246 -16.2,1.3)- Edad Moderna. 247 -16.2.1.4 )- Siglo XIX. 248 -16.2.1.5)- Siglo XX. - 248 -16.2.2)- Acepciones 249 -16.2.2.1 Ciencia Argumentativa y Propedéutica. 249 -16.2.2.2 Ciencia del Pensar 249 -16.2.2.2.1)- Historia . 251 -16.2.2.2.1.1)- Siglo XIX. 251 -16.2.2.2.1.2)- Siglo XX. 252 -16.2.2.2.2)- Concepto de Lógica Matemática . 253 -16.2.2.2.2.1)- Sistemas Lógicos. 254 -16.2.2.2.2.2)- Teorías Axiomáticas. 255 -16.2.2.2.3)- Áreas. 255 -16.2.2.2.4)- Tipos de Sistemas Lógicos . 256 -16.2.2.2.4.1)- Lógica Proposicional. 256 -16.2.2.2.4.2)- Lógica de Predicados. 256 -16.2.2.2.4.3)- Lenguajes y Estructuras de Primer Orden. 256 -16.2.2.2.5)- Aspectos Metalógicos y Algorítmicos . 257 -16.2.2.2.5.1)- Metalógica.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2020 Commencement Program.Pdf
    Commencement MAY 2020 WELCOME FROM THE PRESIDENT Dear Friends: This is an occasion of profoundly mixed emotions for all of us. On one hand, there is the pride, excitement, and immeasurable hope that come with the culmination of years of effort and success at the University of Connecticut. But on the other hand, there is the recognition that this year is different. For the first time since 1914, the University of Connecticut is conferring its graduate and undergraduate degrees without our traditional ceremonies. It is my sincere hope that you see this moment as an opportunity rather than a misfortune. As the Greek Stoic philosopher Epictetus observed, “Difficulties show us who we are.” This year our University, our state, our nation, and indeed our world have faced unprecedented difficulties. And now, as you go onward to the next stage of your journey, you have the opportunity to show what you have become in your time at UConn. Remember that the purpose of higher education is not confined to academic achievement; it is also intended to draw from within those essential qualities that make each of us an engaged, fully-formed individual – and a good citizen. There is no higher title that can be conferred in this world, and I know each of you will exemplify it, every day. This is truly a special class that will go on to achieve great things. Among your classmates are the University’s first Rhodes Scholar, the largest number of Goldwater scholars in our history, and outstanding student leaders on issues from climate action to racial justice to mental health.
    [Show full text]
  • Naturalization and Declaration of Intent Books San Luis Obispo County, CA July 2011
    Naturalization And Declaration of Intent Books San Luis Obispo County, CA July 2011 Type of Book Cert Range Volume # Miscellaneous Notes Certificate of Citizenship 1 - 503 1 Two Petitions per Page Certificate of Citizenship 1 - 80 1.5 Two Petitions per Page Certificate of Citizenship 1 - 44 2 Two Petitions per Page Certificate of Citizenship 100 - 189 C1 Certificate of Citizenship 537651 - 537700 Dept of Labor Certificate of Citizenship 1 - 12 No # Certificate of Citizenship 1 - 32 No # Declaration of Intent 1 - 498 1 Two Declarations per Page Declaration of Intent 1 - 163 2 Two Declarations per Page Declaration of Intent 1 - 300 3 Declaration of Intent 301 - 800 4 Declaration of Intent 801 - 890 5 Declaration of Intent 891 - 991 11 Declaration of Intent 992 - 1091 12 Declaration of Intent 1092 - 1291 13 Declaration of Intent 1292 - 1491 14 Declaration of Intent 1492 - 1597 15 Declaration of Intent 1 - 284 C 1 Fee Book, Probate Court 56 - 262 Fee Petitions 1 - 150 4 Petitions 151 - 250 5 Petitions 251 - 350 6 Petitions 351 - 450 7 Petitions 451 - 532 8 Petitions 584 - 634 9 Petitions 635 - 685 10 Petitions 686 - 737 11 Petitions 738 - 837 12 Petitions 838 - 937 13 Petitions 938 - 1037 14 Petitions 1038 - 1137 15 Petitions 1138 - 1237M 16 Petitions 1238 - 1337 17 Petitions 1338 - 1447 18 Petitions 1448 - 1547 19 Petitions 1548 - 1647 20 1 Naturalization And Declaration of Intent Books San Luis Obispo County, CA July 2011 Type of Book Cert Range Volume # Miscellaneous Notes Petitions 1648 - 1747 21 Petitions 1748 - 1847 22 Petitions 1848
    [Show full text]
  • 150000 Blaze Damages Pier
    Distribution CUM&*H nitf, tonlgbt sod tomorrow. High In the 7fc. Low Toddy tonight te (be (fc. Wind* from the foudnratf or south at 10 14,050 b See page 2. An Independent Newspaper Under Same OwnershiWmsterp %f Since 1878 VOLUME 82, NO. 231 teiued Dally. Monday tbrouru Fnday. entered ai Second Clau Matter BY CARRIER at til Port O!!lr.« at ReJ Bank. N. J.. under U» Act of March 3. 1878. RED BANK, N. J., TUESDAY, JULY 5, 1960 7c PER COPY PAGE ONE 35o PER WEEK Bets $20, Dies As Horse Wins OCEANPORT — John R. Cuba Believed Romano, 52, of US West Tenth $150,000 Blaze Damages Pier; St., Bayonne, died of a heart attack after the third race at Monmouth Park Saturday. He was the second coronary Drafting More victim at the track within two weeks. Starts as Track Fans Board Boat In his pocket were $10 win and place tickets on the win- ning horse which paid $7.20, 200 Firemen Seizure Orders $3.80 and $2.80. The horse: Mighty Gone. Battle Fire Early Sugar Grim Holiday Toll Through Night Quota Action ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS U. S. Counts State Has —More than 200 firemen By U. S. Seen battled most of last night 678 Dead 15 Fatalities to bring under control a blaze on (he Monmouth HAVANA (AP) — Fidel Traffic 421 NEWARK (AP) — New Jer- Castro's Cabinet ministers Boating 34 sey went back to work today af- Park Jockey Club pier met into the early morning Drowning 117 ter a three-day Fourth of July here.
    [Show full text]
  • Scanned Document
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO ELLEN LARISSA DE CARVALHO AQUINO DA PARTICIPAÇÃO AO ATIVISMO: AS TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO ALIADAS AO FEMINISMO. Araranguá, Dezembro de 2015 ELLEN LARISSA DE CARVALHO AQUINO DA PARTICIPAÇÃO AO ATIVISMOS: AS TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO ALIADAS AO FEMINISMO Trabalho de Curso submetido à Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina como parte dos requisitos necessários para a obtenção do Grau de Bacharel em Tecnologias Da Informação e Comunicação. Sob a orientação do Professor Giovani M. Lunardi. Araranguá, 2015 ERRATA Folha Linha Onde se lê Leia-se Ficha de identificação da obra elaborada pelo autor, através do Programa de Geração Automática da Biblioteca Universitária da UFSC. Aquino, Ellen Larissa de Carvalho Aquino DA PARTICIPAÇÃO AO ATIVISMO: AS TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO ALIADAS AO FEMINISMO. / Ellen Larissa de Carvalho Aquino Aquino ; orientador, Giovani M. Lunardi Lunardi - Araranguá, SC, 2015. 112 p. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Araranguá. Graduação em Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação. Inclui referências 1. Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação. 2. Ativismo. 3. Gênero. 4. Feminismo . 5. Tecnociência . I. Lunardi, Giovani M. Lunardi. II. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Graduação em Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação. III. Título. “Dedico este trabalho a todos que me incentivaram, em especial a minha família". AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço primeiramente a Deus, pela sua graça e amor que são fundamentais pra mim. A minha mãe Edilene, por nunca ter medido esforços em proporcionar o melhor, por ser minha eterna professora, pela dedicação e amor que nunca faltaram. Ao meu pai José Augusto, por todo incentivo ao longo da minha vida, e por todo conhecimento que possuí, porque me fazem nunca querer encontrar limite na ciência.
    [Show full text]
  • Final List of Participants
    Final list of participants 1) States and European Community 2) Entities and intergovernmental organizations having received a Standing invitation from the United Nations General Assembly 3) United Nations Secretariat and Organs 4) United Nations Specialized Agencies 5) Associate Members of Regional Commissions 6) Other invited intergovernmental organizations 7) Non governmental organizations (NGOs) and civil society organizations 8) Business Sector Entities 1) STATES AND EUROPEAN COMMUNITY Afghanistan Representatives: H.E. Mr Mohammad M. STANEKZAI, Ministre des Communications, Afghanistan, [email protected] H.E. Mr Shamsuzzakir KAZEMI, Ambassadeur, Representant permanent, Mission permanente de l'Afghanistan, [email protected] Mr Abdelouaheb LAKHAL, Representative, Delegation of Afghanistan Mr Fawad Ahmad MUSLIM, Directeur de la technologie, Ministère des affaires étrangères, [email protected] Mr Mohammad H. PAYMAN, Président, Département de la planification, Ministère des communications, [email protected] Mr Ghulam Seddiq RASULI, Deuxième secrétaire, Mission permanente de l'Afghanistan, [email protected] Albania Representatives: Mr Vladimir THANATI, Ambassador, Permanent Mission of Albania, [email protected] Ms Pranvera GOXHI, First Secretary, Permanent Mission of Albania, [email protected] Mr Lulzim ISA, Driver, Mission Permanente d'Albanie, [email protected] Algeria Representatives: H.E. Mr Amar TOU, Ministre, Ministère de la poste et des technologies
    [Show full text]
  • OHBM 2021 Abstract Book
    Abstract Book of the 27th annual meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping Including links to abstracts, poster PDFs, standby times, and poster locations, as well as Author and Category indexes, and Poster Highlights 9 June 2021 — v2.0 [email protected] OHBM 2021 Abstracts 1042 Cortical Thickness, Surface Area and Volume in the Reading 1069 Heterogeneous age dependency in the human superior Network of Children with Dyslexia longitudinal fasciculus Rita Barakat1, Jason Zevin1, Kristi Clark1 Kaoru Amemiya1,2, Eiichi Naito1,2, Hiromasa Takemura1,2 1University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 1Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), NICT, Suita-shi, Japan, Abstract | Poster PDF | Standby Times | Visit poster 2Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Japan Abstract | Poster PDF | Standby Times | Visit poster 1050 The Effect of Scan Length on Reliability of Resting-State fMRI in Awake and under Anesthesia 1087 Enhanced activity in DMN (Precuneus) on Resting state fMRI, Faezeh Vedaei1, Mahdi Alizadeh1, Sara Thalheimer1, Victor Romo1, Feroze with Spiritual Practice Mohamed1, Chengyuan Wu1 Dr Santosh GUPTA1, Dr Rose Dawn2 1Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 1P.D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, Abstract | Poster PDF | Standby Times | Visit poster 2NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka Abstract | Poster PDF | Standby Times | Visit poster 1051 Divergence of cortical asymmetry and atrophy in temporal lobe epilepsy: A worldwide ENIGMA study 1088
    [Show full text]
  • Trick Questions, Zen-Like Riddles, Insanely Difficult Puzzles, and Other
    Begin Reading Table of Contents Newsletters Copyright Page In accordance with the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, the scanning, uploading, and electronic sharing of any part of this book without the permission of the publisher constitute unlawful piracy and theft of the author’s intellectual property. If you would like to use material from the book (other than for review purposes), prior written permission must be obtained by contacting the publisher at [email protected]. Thank you for your support of the author’s rights. To the memory of Martin Gardner (1914–2010), whose influence on this book’s subject matter is considerable. A hundred prisoners are each locked in a room with three pirates, one of whom will walk the plank in the morning. Each prisoner has ten bottles of wine, one of which has been poisoned; and each pirate has twelve coins, one of which is counterfeit and weighs either more or less than a genuine coin. In the room is a single switch, which the prisoner may either leave as it is or flip. Before being led into the rooms, the prisoners are all made to wear either a red hat or a blue hat; they can see all the other prisoners’ hats but not their own. Meanwhile, a six-digit prime number of monkeys multiply until their digits reverse, then all have to get across a river using a canoe that can hold at most two monkeys at a time. But half the monkeys always lie and the other half always tell the truth. Given that the Nth prisoner knows that one of the monkeys doesn’t know that a pirate doesn’t know the product of two numbers between 1 and 100 without knowing that the N + 1th prisoner has flipped the switch in his room or not after having determined which bottle of wine was poisoned and what color his hat is, what is the solution to this puzzle? —Internet parody of a job interview question One Outnumbered at the Googleplex What It Takes to Get Hired at a Hyperselective Company Jim was sitting in the lobby of Google’s Building 44, Mountain View, California, surrounded by half a dozen others in various states of stupor.
    [Show full text]
  • Legendsincomputing.Pdf
    Anita Jones z 2007 IEEE Founders Medal z Director of Defense Research and Engineering at the U.S. Department of Defense from 1993 to 1997 z Fellow of the z Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) z American Association for the Advancement of Science z IEEE z Author of two books and more than 40 papers z U.S. Air Force Meritorious Civilian Service Award z Distinguished Public Service Award z Congressional Record tribute z Augusta Ada Lovelace Award from the Association for Women in Computing z Lawrence R. Quarles Professor in the Computer Science Department at the University of Virginia’s School of Engineering and Applied Science Legends in Computing Amy Pearl Designer and implementer of the Sun Link Service, an open protocol for creating hypertext links between elements of desktop applications Legends in Computing Programming the Eniac z Programs were not stored z Every new problem required new connections Legends in Computing Stephanie Rosenthal z Computing Research Association Outstanding Female Undergraduate Award, 2007 z research at CMU on social robotics led to two publications. z research on collaborative learning, potential interfaces for use with interactive whiteboards and experiments about issues in collaboration, resulted in a first-authored publication. Legends in Computing 1950s Assembler Programming Class This would be so much easier with a computer… Legends in Computing Elaine Kant z Founder and president of SciComp z Fellow of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence z Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science z Outstanding Achievement Award in Science/Technology, from University YWCA z U.S. Patent No.
    [Show full text]
  • JOHN BACKUS: a Restless Inventor
    JOHN BACKUS: a restless inventor Excerpt from Out of their Minds: the lives and discoveries of 15 great computer scientists by Dennis Shasha and Cathy Lazere, Copernicus Press We didn’t know what we wanted and how to do it. It just sort of grew. The first struggle was over what the language would look like. Then how to parse expressions — it was a big problem and what we did looks astonishingly clumsy now.... John Backus on the invention of FORTRAN Necessity, says the adage, is the mother of invention. Yet some inventors are motivated less by necessity than by sheer irritation at the messiness or inefficiency of the way things are. John Backus is such an inventor. He played an inspirational role in three great creations: FORTRAN, the first high level programming language; Backus-Naur Form, which provides a way to describe grammatical rules for high level languages; and lastly a functional programming language called FP, which advocates a mathematical approach to programming. Today, each of his inventions drives research and commercial agendas throughout the planet. Yet Backus’s own life is one of restless energy — from his youth through his retirement. A distaste for inefficiency seems to run in the family. Before World War I, Backus’s father had risen from a modest background to the post of chief chemist for the Atlas Powder Company, a manufacturer of nitroglycerine to be used in explosives. His promotion came for good reason. Their plants kept blowing up or having very poor yields and they couldn’t figure out why. The yield was very temperature sensitive.
    [Show full text]
  • Koan-Full.Pdf
    Detti e Riflessioni Pagina Uno Per favore, praticate diligentemente per chiarire cosa siano nascita e morte per il beneficio di tutti gli esseri viventi: vasto è il mare e vuoto il grande cielo. Non può essere chiamato ordinario né sacro. Inchinandosi alle quattro direzioni, dov'è, quindi, l'errore? Maestro Zen Ho vissuto sull'orlo della follia, volendo conoscere l'intelletto, bussando alla sua porta. Si apre. Ho bussato dall'interno! Rumi I colori delle montagne, i ruscelli nelle valli; l'Uno in tutto, tutto nell'Uno, la voce e il corpo di Shakyamuni Buddha. Dogen (1200-1253) Occorre veramente preoccuparsi dell'illuminazione? Non importa quale via percorro, sto andando a casa. Shinsho Investiga la tua mente e realizza la tua natura di Buddha che mai sosta né si muove, né sorge, né ha fine. Avrai sprecato la tua vita se non lo fai. Hui-neng Quando cerchi Dio, Dio è lo sguardo dei tuoi occhi. Jelaluddin Rumi Tutte le cose sono il vero Dharma; ogni giorno il sole all'alba inonda il cielo, non c'è mente separata in ciascuna mente. In ogni luogo il vento puro Abbraccia la terra. Se capite ciò, allora non c'è bisogno che il Buddha appaia in questo mondo o che Bodhidharma venga dall'occidente. Daio (1235-1309) Un monaco chiese: "Chi è il mio Maestro?" Chao Chou rispose: "Le nuvole stanno passando tra le montagne - Cadendo nella valle, l'acqua non fa rumore." Il monaco disse: "Non è questo quello che ho chiesto." Chao Chou disse: "La natura è il tuo Maestro.
    [Show full text]
  • The Personal Is Archival: Researching and Teaching with Stories of Women Engineers, Scientists, and Doctors
    History Conference Papers, Presentations and Posters History 4-2018 The Personal is Archival: Researching and Teaching With Stories of Women Engineers, Scientists, and Doctors Amy Bix Iowa State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/history_conf Part of the Cultural History Commons, Engineering Commons, Science and Mathematics Education Commons, and the Women's Studies Commons Recommended Citation Bix, Amy, "The Personal is Archival: Researching and Teaching With Stories of Women Engineers, Scientists, and Doctors" (2018). History Conference Papers, Presentations and Posters. 5. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/history_conf/5 This Conference Proceeding is brought to you for free and open access by the History at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Conference Papers, Presentations and Posters by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Personal is Archival: Researching and Teaching With Stories of Women Engineers, Scientists, and Doctors Abstract Personal stories from archives are essential to understand the historical gendering of American science, medicine, technology, and innovation. Advocates promoted science, medicine, and engineering to young men, yet the twentieth-century brought increasing numbers of women into STEM education and employment. This paper illustrates the above by offering guidance to key archival and digital collections that show how women (individually and as groups) made places for themselves in modern science, technology, and medicine. Sources illustrate complex intersections for women simultaneously shaping professional and personal identities. This paper suggests how historians can reach beyond individual biographies to build broader analyses that deploy insights about personal experiences to parse cultural understandings of STEM and diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • 10 Greatest Female Programmers of All Time
    10 Greatest Female Programmers of All Time BY VICKY SINGH RAO MAY 9, 2018 “Most of the successful programmers are male” this is one of the many common misconceptions about programmers. Female programmers are often seen out of the spotlight and their contribution is less known to the world. Today we’ve decided to bring a list of top 10 female programmers whose contribution played a huge role in the field of computer science and information technology. 1. Grace Hopper Grace Murray Hopper (Dec 9, 1906 – Jan 1, 1992) was one of the first programmers of the Harvard Mark I computer. She invented the first compiler for a computer programming language and the one of those who popularized the idea of machine-independent programming languages. Her ideas influenced the development of COBOL, one of the first high-level programming languages. She introduced the term “debugging” for fixing computer glitches and programming errors. She is also remembered as “Amazing Grace”. 2. Ada Lovelace Ada Byron, also known as Lady Lovelace (10 Dec 1815 – 27 Nov 1852) was a writer and gifted mathematician. She was the first woman to devise an algorithm that could be processed a by a machine or the computer. Suffice to say based on her notes the algorithm she invented would have been accurately processed on the first general machine computer. She is thus considered the world’s first computer programmer. 3. Lois Haibt Lois Mitchell Haibt (born 1934) is an American computer scientist. She was one of the ten-person team at IBM that developed FORTRAN, the first successful high-level programming language.
    [Show full text]