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Guide Arsip Pemilihan Umum 1955 - 1999 GUIDE ARSIP PEMILIHAN UMUM 1955 - 1999 ARSIP NASIONAL REPUBLIK INDONESIA JAKARTA 2015 KATA PENGANTAR Undang-Undang No. 43 Tahun 2009 tentang Kearsipan mengamanatkan Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia (ANRI) untuk melaksanakan pengelolaan arsip statis berskala nasional yang diterima dari lembaga negara, perusahaan, organisasi politik, kemasyarakatan dan perseorangan. Pengelolaan arsip statis bertujuan menjamin keselamatan dan keamanan arsip sebagai bukti pertanggungjawaban nasional dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara. Arsip statis yang dikelola oleh ANRI merupakan memori kolektif, identitas bangsa, bahan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, dan sumber informasi publik. Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan mutu pengolahan arsip statis, maka khazanah arsip statis yang tersimpan di ANRI harus diolah dengan benar berdasarkan kaidah-kaidah kearsipan sehingga arsip statis dapat ditemukan dengan cepat, tepat dan lengkap. Pada tahun anggaran 2015 ini, salah satu program kerja Sub Bidang Pengolahan Arsip I yang berada di bawah Direktorat Pengolahan adalah menyusun Guide Arsip Pemilihan Umum 1955-1999. Guide arsip ini merupakan sarana bantu penemuan kembali arsip statis bertema pemilihan umum dengan kurun waktu 1955- 1999 yang arsipnya tersimpan dan dapat diakses di ANRI. Seperti kata pepatah, “tiada gading yang tak retak”, maka guide arsip ini tentunya belum sempurna dan masih ada kekurangan. Namun demikian guide arsip ini sudah dapat digunakan sebagai sarana untuk mengakses dan menelusuri arsip statis mengenai Pemilihan Umum 1955-1999 yang tersimpan di ANRI dalam rangka pelayanan arsip statis kepada pengguna arsip (user). Akhirnya, kami mengucapkan banyak terima kasih kepada pimpinan ANRI, anggota tim, Komisi Pemilihan Umum dan semua pihak yang telah membantu penyusunan guide arsip ini hingga selesai. Semoga Allah SWT, Tuhan Yang Maha Esa membalas amal baik yang telah Bapak/Ibu/Saudara berikan. Amin. Jakarta, 2015 Direktur Pengolahan Azmi Arsip Nasional RI | Guide Arsip Pemilihan Umum 1955-1999 i DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................................... i DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................................... ii KETERANGAN GAMBAR ............................................................................................. iv BAB I PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................................. 1 A. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................................ 1 B. Gambaran Arsip Pemilihan Umum 1955-1999 ..................................................... 3 C. Penyusunan Guide Arsip Pemilihan Umum 1955-1999 ......................................... 4 D. Petunjuk Penggunaan Guide Arsip Pemilihan Umum 1955-1999 ........................ 5 \ BAB II DESKRIPSI INFORMASI ARSIP ................................................................... 8 A. Persiapan Pemilihan Umum .................................................................................... 8 1. Abstrak ............................................................................................................. 8 2. Kebijakan ......................................................................................................... 9 a. Arsip Tekstual ........................................................................................... 9 3. Penyelenggara .................................................................................................. 22 a. Arsip Tekstual ........................................................................................... 22 b. Arsip Foto ................................................................................................. 28 c. Arsip Film ................................................................................................. 30 4. Anggaran .......................................................................................................... 44 a. Arsip Tekstual ........................................................................................... 44 5. Peserta .............................................................................................................. 46 a. Arsip Tekstual ........................................................................................... 46 b. Arsip Foto ................................................................................................. 54 c. Arsip Film ................................................................................................. 56 B. Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Umum ............................................................................... 58 1. Abstrak ............................................................................................................. 58 2. Kampanye ........................................................................................................ 59 a. Arsip Tekstual ........................................................................................... 59 b. Arsip Foto ................................................................................................. 63 c. Arsip Film ................................................................................................. 69 Arsip Nasional RI | Guide Arsip Pemilihan Umum 1955-1999 ii 3. Pemungutan Suara ........................................................................................... 90 a. Arsip Tekstual ........................................................................................... 90 b. Arsip Foto ................................................................................................. 92 c. Arsip Film ................................................................................................. 122 4. Penetapan Hasil ................................................................................................ 127 a. Arsip Tekstual ........................................................................................... 127 b. Arsip Foto ................................................................................................. 151 c. Arsip Film ................................................................................................. 152 5. Evaluasi ............................................................................................................ 161 a. Arsip Tekstual ........................................................................................... 161 b. Arsip Film ................................................................................................. 167 BAB III PENUTUP ........................................................................................................... 168 LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................................................... 169 1. Indeks ............................................................................................................... 169 2. Daftar Singkatan .............................................................................................. 186 Arsip Nasional RI | Guide Arsip Pemilihan Umum 1955-1999 iii KETERANGAN GAMBAR 1. Kepala Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX memasukkan surat suara ke dalam kotak suara di TPS Joyokusuman, Kemantren Keraton, Yogyakarta, 29 September 1955. (Kempen DI Yogyakarta 1950-1965, No. 4891) 2. Para peserta kampanye dari Partai Demokrasi Indonesia (PDI) memenuhi lapangan, 03 April 1987. (Setneg RI 1966-1989, No. 2747) 3. Halaman pertama dari Undang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 1953 tentang Pemilihan Anggota Konstituante dan Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat 4. Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, Perdana Menteri bersama sama rakyat memilih (Shoot dalam Film Gelora Indonesia: 226) 5. Ketua Umum DPP Golongan Karya (Golkar) Soedarmono dengan disaksikan 150.000 massa Golkar sedang memperagakan cara menusuk gambar pohon beringin pada rapat akbar di Gelanggang Olahraga H. Agus Salim Padang, April 1987 (Setneg 1966-1989, No. 2753) 6. Pemilihan umum di Tanjung Balai. Tampak petugas sedang membuka kartu suara untuk diperlihatkan kepada para hadirin yang siap untuk memilih. Di dalam kertas suara tersebut terlihat gambar-bambar/ lambang partai-partai yang ikut pemilu. Tanjung Balai, 29 September 1955 (Kempen Sumatera Utara 1950-1955, No. 3599 Arsip Nasional RI | Guide Arsip Pemilihan Umum 1955-1999 iv BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Pemilihan umum (pemilu) merupakan salah satu media demokrasi yang digunakan untuk mewujudkan partisipasi rakyat dan dianggap penting dalam proses dinamika kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Pengertian yang lebih sempit mengatakan bahwa pemilu adalah sarana demokrasi untuk memilih yang dipercaya rakyat untuk memangku tugas sebagai pimpinan negara dan memilih wakil-wakil rakyat untuk duduk sebagai anggota parlemen (Ranadireksa, 2002). Mengenai sejarah lahirnya pemilu sendiri, berangkat dari ketidak-mungkinan diselenggarakannya sistem demokrasi secara langsung. Pertumbuhan populasi masyarakat yang begitu pesat dalam suatu negara pada akhirnya melahirkan sistem demokrasi representasi (representation democracy), untuk itulah maka pemilu diselenggarakan, dengan tujuan untuk memilih wakil-wakil rakyat dalam mewujudkan cita-cita demokrasi (Katz, 1997). Sebagai negara yang demokratis, Indonesia telah memiliki pengalaman pemilu beberapa kali. Sejak kemerdekaan Indonesia pada 17 Agustus 1945 hingga pasca reformasi 1999 telah diselenggarakan
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