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NATIONAL PARK UNITED STATES Historic Events DEPARTMENT of the KINGS 1862 First White Man of Record Entered INTERIOR Area

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NATIONAL PARK UNITED STATES Historic Events DEPARTMENT of the KINGS 1862 First White Man of Record Entered INTERIOR Area NATIONAL PARK UNITED STATES Historic Events DEPARTMENT OF THE KINGS 1862 First white man of record entered INTERIOR area. Joseph Hardin Thomas discov­ ered the Grant Tree, then unnamed. OPEN CANYON HAROLD L. ICKES, Secretary ALL NATIONAL PARK YEAR 1867 General Grant Tree measured ; named CALIFORNIA by Lucretia P. Baker, member of pio­ 19 41 neer family of the district. 1870 First settlers occupied Fallen Mon­ MULE DEER ARE SEEN EVERYWHERE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE arch, huge hollow log. IN THE PARK NEWTON B. DRURY, Director 1872 The Gamlin brothers built log house C 0 <2\(TE^TS now known as Gamlin Pioneer Cabin INGS CANYON NATIONAL accessible by road, separates the two and used as museum. An Angler in Kings Canyon . Cover K PARK was created by act of great South Fork and Middle Fork Can­ A Description of Kings Canyon by Congress, May 4, 1940. It comprises yons. The Middle Fork is reached only 710 square miles of superlative moun­ by trail by crossing over Granite Pass John Mutr (1838-1914) . 4 1878 Preemption claim surrounding the tain scenery in the heart of the Sierra or Cartridge Pass, by traversing the The Groves ........ 6 Grant Tree surrendered to the Gov­ Nevada and three groves of giant se­ 12,000-foot Mather Pass on the John Forests and Flowers 6 ernment by Israel Gamlin. quoias. In the creation of this park, the Muir Trail, or by descending from road Wildlife 6 former General Grant National Park, end at Cliff Camp on the North Fork Fishing 1 1890 General Grant National Park (now with the addition of the Redwood of the Kings into Tehipite Valley to General Grant Grove Section of Mountain area, became the General Trails 1 view the famous Tehipite Dome. Kings Canyon National Park) cre­ Grant Grove Section. This section is the In this new wilderness park accom­ Park Season 8 ated by Act of Congress on October 1. gateway to the Kings Canyon and the modations will be kept to a minimum. Administration 8 High Sierra wilderness and is a center Access roads lead to trails entering the Naturalist Service 8 1891 First administration of park by Capt. for tourist travel. The main portion of park through national forests from both Free Campgrounds 10 J. H. Dorst, United States Cavalry. the park includes the watersheds of the the east and west sides. The real beau­ Christmas Tree Ceremony ... 10 South and Middle Forks of the Kings ties of the park are available only to River and the Evolution Creek and Church Services 10 1914 Walter Fry, now U. S. Commissioner those who ride horseback or hike the Goddard Canyon watershed, tributary many trails which lead to unexcelled Railroad, Bus, and Airplane for Kings Canyon and Sequoia Na­ tional Parks, appointed first civilian to the South Fork of the San Joaquin Services 10 campgrounds. superintendent of both parks. River. It includes also the crest of the The John Muir Trail follows through Approach to Park by Highway and Sierra Nevada and western slope from the entire summit region of the park Trail 11 Junction Peak to Mount Lamarck, a 1925 General Grant Tree designated as for 78 miles, seldom below 8,500 feet, Accommodations and Expenses . 14 summit area containing four peaks over Nation's Christmas Tree. and crosses five high mountain passes. 14,000 feet in altitude, and more than Miscellaneous Services . 15 Fourteen miles southeast of the Gen­ twenty others above 13,000 feet in alti­ Saddle Horses and Pack Stock . 15 eral Grant Grove Section lies the Se­ 1940 Kings Canyon National Park estab­ tude. Selected Bibliography . 15 lished on March 4 by act of Congress. quoia National Park. The two Big Tree Granite gotges, mountain meadows, national parks are linked by one of and trout-filled streams and lakes the finest mountain roads in America— abound. The Monarch Divide, which is the Generals Highway. This highway 2 Kings Canyon National Park • California Kings Canyon National Park • California 3 reaches a 7,600-foot elevation at Big of brown pebbles, now rushing and Baldy Saddle, passing through heavy leaping in wild exultation across ava­ forests of pine, fir, cedar and Sequoia lanche rock-dams or terminal moraines, gigantea the whole length, and affording swaying from side to side, beaten with spacious views of the mountain and sunshine, or embowered with leaning foothill country stretching to the San pines and firs, alders, willows, and tall Joaquin Valley, an opaline haze in the balsam poplars, which with the bushes distance. and grass at their feet make charming banks. Gnarled snags and stumps here A DESCRIPTION OF KINGS and there reach out from the banks, making cover for trout which seem to CANYON BY JOHN MUIR have caught their colors from rainbow (1838-1914) spray, though hiding mostly in shad­ "In the vast Sierra wilderness far to ows, where the current swirls slowly the southward of the famous Yosemite and protecting sedges and willows dip Valley, there is a yet grander valley of their leaves. the same kind. It is situated on the south 9 0 9 • 9 fork of King's River, above the most "From the brink of the walls on extensive groves and forests of the giant either side the ground still rises in a sequoia, and beneath the shadows of series of ice-carved ridges and basins, the highest mountains in the range, superbly forested and adorned with where the canyons are deepest and the many small lakes and meadows, where snow-laden peaks are crowded most deer and bear find grateful homes; closely together. It is called the Big while from the head of the valley moun­ King's River Canyon, or Kmg's River tains other mountains rise beyond in Yosemite, * * * It is about glorious array, every one of them shin­ ten miles long, half a mile wide, and ing with rock crystals and snow, and the stupendous rocks of purplish gray with a network of streams that sing granite that form the walls are from their way down from lake to lake 2,500 to 5,000 feet in height, while the through a labyrinth of ice-burnished depth of the valley below the general canyons. The area of the basins drained surface of the mountain mass from by the streams entering the valley is which it has been carved is consider­ about 450 square miles, and the eleva­ ably more than a mile. tion of the rim of the general basin is from 9,000 to upward of 14,000 feet above the sea; while the general basin "The bottom of the valley is about of the Merced Yosemite has an area of 5,000 feet above the sea, and its level 250 square miles, and its elevation is or gently sloping surface is diversified much lower. with flowery meadows and groves and open sunny flats, through the midst of which the crystal river, ever changing, "At the head of the valley the river ever beautiful, makes its way; now glid­ forks, the heavier branch turning north­ ing softly with scarce a ripple over beds ward, and on this branch there is an- MIDDLE FORK OF THE KINGS RIVER 4 Kings Canyon National Park * California Kings Canyon National Park • California 5 other Yosemite, called from its flowery show fire scars, there have been no re­ throughout the park, but not in large beauty Paradise Valley; and the name cent fires. numbers. Feeding of these animals by might well be applied to the main can­ Adding to the grandeur of the se­ visitors is strictly prohibited. When yon, for notwithstanding its tremendous quoia groves of Redwood Mountain and this regulation is followed, the bears rockiness, it is an Eden of plant-beauty Canyon are superlative stands of sugar cause very little trouble to campers. Pine from end to end." pines and western yellow (or ponde­ martens, marmots, and conies inhabit rosa) pines, many of them 200 feet tall, the high elevations. The Columbia gray a few even taller, likewise accompanied squirrel is a common sight as it dashes THE GROVES by an abundance of young growth of across roads and trails, a blue-gray vision that at times appears to be all The General Grant Tree in the Grant their own kind and by a scattering of firs, cedars, and a few other species. tail. The Douglas squirrel, or Sierra Grove of Big Trees is so huge its size is chickaree, gray-brown in color, is well difficult to comprehend. Its greatest The net result is a primeval forest of supreme wilderness beauty, as yet known for its amusing habit of scold­ horizontal diameter is 40.3 feet at the ing. Birds are numerous. Mountain base, and at 200 feet above the ground largely unspoiled, with thousands of sequoias ranging from tiny seedlings up quail and Sierra grouse are encountered its diameter is about 12 feet. This tree is on trail trips, and notable birds of the 267 feet high and is one of the most to magnificent old patriarchs 2,000 and perhaps 3,000 years old. high mountain areas are: golden eagle, celebrated trees in the United States, rosy finch, Clark's nutcracker, and water having been dedicated as the Nation's FORESTS AND FLOWERS ouzel. The Park Information Office at Christmas Tree. Huge specimens of General Grant Grove Section is head­ sugar and ponderosa pine, fir, and cedar Coniferous trees predominate. There quarters for information about plants, in this grove and in the nearby North are eight species of pines found in the birds, and animals. Grove arouse interest second only to park, including the one-leaved, or that of the giant sequoias themselves.
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