Main Idea Worksheets | Planets in the Solar System

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Main Idea Worksheets | Planets in the Solar System

Name: _____________________________ Find the Main Idea Planets in the Solar System Mercury There are eight planets in the Solar System, and each one is very different. Some planets, like Jupiter and Saturn are very large. Others, like Mercury and Mars are smaller. Jupiter has moons that are larger than Mercury. The planets Venus also have different atmospheres. Uranus, Jupiter and Saturn have atmospheres of hydrogen and helium. The atmosphere on Venus is made up of carbon dioxide. Earth has a nitrogen and oxygen atmosphere. Neptune’s atmosphere is mostly hydrogen. The planets also have different Earth temperatures. Uranus is the coldest and Venus is the hottest. Jupiter Find the Main Idea Mars Write the main idea of the paragraph in your own words. _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ Saturn Write two supporting ideas for the main idea. 1. _______________________________________________ _________________________________________________ Uranus 2. _______________________________________________ _________________________________________________ Neptune Copyright © 2012 K12reader.com. All Rights Reserved. Free for educational use at home or in classrooms. www.k12reader.com Name: _____________________________ Find the Main Idea Planets in the Solar System Mercury There are eight planets in the Solar System, and each one is very different. Some planets, like Jupiter and Saturn are very large. Others, like Mercury and Mars are smaller. Jupiter has moons that are larger than Mercury. The planets Venus also have different atmospheres. Uranus, Jupiter and Saturn have atmospheres of hydrogen and helium. The atmosphere on Venus is made up of carbon dioxide. Earth has a nitrogen and oxygen atmosphere. Neptune’s atmosphere is mostly hydrogen. The planets also have different Earth temperatures. Uranus is the coldest and Venus is the hottest. Jupiter Find the Main Idea Actual wording and supporting ideas will vary. Example of correct answers: Mars Write the main idea of the paragraph in your own words. _________________________________________________The planets are different. _________________________________________________ Saturn Write two supporting ideas for the main idea. 1. _______________________________________________The planets are different sizes, some are _________________________________________________large and some are small. Uranus 2. _______________________________________________The planets have different atmospheres. _________________________________________________ Neptune Copyright © 2012 K12reader.com. All Rights Reserved. Free for educational use at home or in classrooms. www.k12reader.com.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Earth Venus Mercury the Sun Saturn Jupiter Uranus Mars
Mercury Diameter 1,391,000 km Diameter 4878 km Diameter 12,104 km Diameter 12,756 km Temperature 6000°C Temperature 427°C Temperature 482°C Temperature 22°C Speed 136 mph Speed 107,132 mph Speed 78,364 mph Speed 66,641 mph Mass 1,989,000 Mass 0.33 Mass 4.86 Mass 5.97 Year of Discovery N/A Year of Discovery Venus 1885 Year of Discovery N/A Year of Discovery N/A The Sun Mercury Earth Mercury is the closest planet to the sun, orbiting our star at an average distance of 57.9 million kilometres, taking 88 days to complete a trip around the sun. Mercury is also the smallest planet in our solar system. Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, orbiting The Sun is the star at the centre of our Solar our star at an average distance of 57.9 million Venus is our neighbouring planet. It is Our home, some 4.5 billion years old. Life System. Its mass is approximately 330,000 times kilometres, taking 88 days to complete a trip impossible to state when Venus was appeared on the surface just 1 billion years heavier than our home planet and is 109 times around the sun. Mercury is also the smallest after creation, with human beings appearing wider. The Sun is the largest object in our Solar planet in our Solar System. discovered as it is visible with the just 200,000 years ago. System. naked eye. Diameter 6794 km Diameter 142,800 km Saturn Diameter 120,536 km Diameter 51,118 km Temperature -15°C Temperature -150°C Temperature -180°C Temperature -214°C Speed 53,980 mph Speed 29,216 mph Speed 21,565 mph Speed 15,234 mph Mass 0.64 Mass 1898 Mass 568 Mass 86.81 Mars Year of Discovery 1580 Year of Discovery 1610 Year of Discovery 700 BC Year of Discovery 1781 Jupiter Uranus The fourth planet from the Sun.
[Show full text]
Ices on Mercury: Chemistry of Volatiles in Permanently Cold Areas of Mercury’S North Polar Region
Icarus 281 (2017) 19–31 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Icarus journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/icarus Ices on Mercury: Chemistry of volatiles in permanently cold areas of Mercury’s north polar region ∗ M.L. Delitsky a, , D.A. Paige b, M.A. Siegler c, E.R. Harju b,f, D. Schriver b, R.E. Johnson d, P. Travnicek e a California Specialty Engineering, Pasadena, CA b Dept of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA c Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ d Dept of Engineering Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA e Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA f Pasadena City College, Pasadena, CA a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Observations by the MESSENGER spacecraft during its ﬂyby and orbital observations of Mercury in 2008– Received 3 January 2016 2015 indicated the presence of cold icy materials hiding in permanently-shadowed craters in Mercury’s Revised 29 July 2016 north polar region. These icy condensed volatiles are thought to be composed of water ice and frozen Accepted 2 August 2016 organics that can persist over long geologic timescales and evolve under the inﬂuence of the Mercury Available online 4 August 2016 space environment. Polar ices never see solar photons because at such high latitudes, sunlight cannot Keywords: reach over the crater rims. The craters maintain a permanently cold environment for the ices to persist. Mercury surface ices magnetospheres However, the magnetosphere will supply a beam of ions and electrons that can reach the frozen volatiles radiolysis and induce ice chemistry.
[Show full text]
Bepicolombo - a Mission to Mercury
BEPICOLOMBO - A MISSION TO MERCURY ∗ R. Jehn , J. Schoenmaekers, D. Garc´ıa and P. Ferri European Space Operations Centre, ESA/ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany ABSTRACT BepiColombo is a cornerstone mission of the ESA Science Programme, to be launched towards Mercury in July 2014. After a journey of nearly 6 years two probes, the Magneto- spheric Orbiter (JAXA) and the Planetary Orbiter (ESA) will be separated and injected into their target orbits. The interplanetary trajectory includes flybys at the Earth, Venus (twice) and Mercury (four times), as well as several thrust arcs provided by the solar electric propulsion module. At the end of the transfer a gravitational capture at the weak stability boundary is performed exploiting the Sun gravity. In case of a failure of the orbit insertion burn, the spacecraft will stay for a few revolutions in the weakly captured orbit. The arrival conditions are chosen such that backup orbit insertion manoeuvres can be performed one, four or five orbits later with trajectory correction manoeuvres of less than 15 m/s to compensate the Sun perturbations. Only in case that no manoeuvre can be performed within 64 days (5 orbits) after the nominal orbit insertion the spacecraft will leave Mercury and the mission will be lost. The baseline trajectory has been designed taking into account all operational constraints: 90-day commissioning phase without any thrust; 30-day coast arcs before each flyby (to allow for precise navigation); 7-day coast arcs after each flyby; 60-day coast arc before orbit insertion; Solar aspect angle constraints and minimum flyby altitudes (300 km at Earth and Venus, 200 km at Mercury).
[Show full text]
The Search for Another Earth – Part II
GENERAL ARTICLE The Search for Another Earth – Part II Sujan Sengupta In the first part, we discussed the various methods for the detection of planets outside the solar system known as the exoplanets. In this part, we will describe various kinds of exoplanets. The habitable planets discovered so far and the present status of our search for a habitable planet similar to the Earth will also be discussed. Sujan Sengupta is an 1. Introduction astrophysicist at Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru. He works on the The first confirmed exoplanet around a solar type of star, 51 Pe- detection, characterisation 1 gasi b was discovered in 1995 using the radial velocity method. and habitability of extra-solar Subsequently, a large number of exoplanets were discovered by planets and extra-solar this method, and a few were discovered using transit and gravi- moons. tational lensing methods. Ground-based telescopes were used for these discoveries and the search region was confined to about 300 light-years from the Earth. On December 27, 2006, the European Space Agency launched 1The movement of the star a space telescope called CoRoT (Convection, Rotation and plan- towards the observer due to etary Transits) and on March 6, 2009, NASA launched another the gravitational effect of the space telescope called Kepler2 to hunt for exoplanets. Conse- planet. See Sujan Sengupta, The Search for Another Earth, quently, the search extended to about 3000 light-years. Both Resonance, Vol.21, No.7, these telescopes used the transit method in order to detect exo- pp.641–652, 2016. planets. Although Kepler’s field of view was only 105 square de- grees along the Cygnus arm of the Milky Way Galaxy, it detected a whooping 2326 exoplanets out of a total 3493 discovered till 2Kepler Telescope has a pri- date.
[Show full text]
Mariner to Mercury, Venus and Mars
NASA Facts National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91109 Mariner to Mercury, Venus and Mars Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA’s Jet carry a host of scientific instruments. Some of the Propulsion Laboratory designed and built 10 space- instruments, such as cameras, would need to be point- craft named Mariner to explore the inner solar system ed at the target body it was studying. Other instru- -- visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for ments were non-directional and studied phenomena the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for such as magnetic fields and charged particles. JPL additional close observations. The final mission in the engineers proposed to make the Mariners “three-axis- series, Mariner 10, flew past Venus before going on to stabilized,” meaning that unlike other space probes encounter Mercury, after which it returned to Mercury they would not spin. for a total of three flybys. The next-to-last, Mariner Each of the Mariner projects was designed to have 9, became the first ever to orbit another planet when two spacecraft launched on separate rockets, in case it rached Mars for about a year of mapping and mea- of difficulties with the nearly untried launch vehicles. surement. Mariner 1, Mariner 3, and Mariner 8 were in fact lost The Mariners were all relatively small robotic during launch, but their backups were successful. No explorers, each launched on an Atlas rocket with Mariners were lost in later flight to their destination either an Agena or Centaur upper-stage booster, and planets or before completing their scientific missions.
[Show full text]
The Solar System Cause Impact Craters
ASTRONOMY 161 Introduction to Solar System Astronomy Class 12 Solar System Survey Monday, February 5 Key Concepts (1) The terrestrial planets are made primarily of rock and metal. (2) The Jovian planets are made primarily of hydrogen and helium. (3) Moons (a.k.a. satellites) orbit the planets; some moons are large. (4) Asteroids, meteoroids, comets, and Kuiper Belt objects orbit the Sun. (5) Collision between objects in the Solar System cause impact craters. Family portrait of the Solar System: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, (Eris, Ceres, Pluto): My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nine (Extra Cheese Pizzas). The Solar System: List of Ingredients Ingredient Percent of total mass Sun 99.8% Jupiter 0.1% other planets 0.05% everything else 0.05% The Sun dominates the Solar System Jupiter dominates the planets Object Mass Object Mass 1) Sun 330,000 2) Jupiter 320 10) Ganymede 0.025 3) Saturn 95 11) Titan 0.023 4) Neptune 17 12) Callisto 0.018 5) Uranus 15 13) Io 0.015 6) Earth 1.0 14) Moon 0.012 7) Venus 0.82 15) Europa 0.008 8) Mars 0.11 16) Triton 0.004 9) Mercury 0.055 17) Pluto 0.002 A few words about the Sun. The Sun is a large sphere of gas (mostly H, He – hydrogen and helium). The Sun shines because it is hot (T = 5,800 K). The Sun remains hot because it is powered by fusion of hydrogen to helium (H-bomb). (1) The terrestrial planets are made primarily of rock and metal.
[Show full text]
Planet Fact Sheet the Nine Planets
Name_____________________________________________________ Planet Fact Sheet There are nine planets that travel around the sun. Together with the sun, these planets make up our solar system. The planets are in motion and travel around the sun in oval shaped paths called orbits. Each planet travels in its own orbit. The Nine Planets • Mercury is the closest planet to the sun • Mercury has no water • Mercury is covered with craters • No moons orbit Mercury • Mercury has the shortest year (88 Earth days) • Mercury is burning hot on the sunny side and freezing on the dark side J. J. Kelto Created 11/15/2004 Planet Worksheet Name_____________________________________________________ • Venus is the second planet from the sun • Venus rotates backwards compared to the other eight planets • The clouds on Venus are thick and poisonous • The air has enough heat and pressure to crack spaceships. • Earth is the only planet with flowing water to drink and air to breathe • It takes the Earth 365 days to revolve around the sun • It takes the Earth 24 hours to rotate about the sun • Earth is close enough to the sun to keep it warm and far enough away to keep it cool • The third planet from the sun is Earth • Earth has one moon J. J. Kelto Created 11/15/2004 Planet Worksheet Name_____________________________________________________ • The air on Mars is full of reddish dust (that is why it is sometimes called the Red Planet) • Mars is the fourth planet from the sun • Scientists think Mars may have had water in rivers or oceans at one time • Today Mars has ice at its poles • Mars is a desert planet • There are two small moons that orbit Mars (Phobos and Deimos) • Jupiter is the largest planet • Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun • Jupiter is made up of gasses (it is called a Gas Giant) • There is no solid crust of land on Jupiter • The Great Red Spot on Jupiter is a hurricane • Jupiter has a small ring system made of dust • There are 16 moons that orbit Jupiter J.
[Show full text]
Moon & Mercury Overview
Moon & Mercury Overview • Both Small • Mercury: Densest Planet! • Moon: Density less than Earth Mercury Venus Earth Moon Mars Distance (Sun) 0.39 AU 1 AU 1 AU Orbital Period 88 days 1 year 27.3 days** Rotation Period 59 days 23.9 hours 27.3 days Radius (km) 6378 km Radius (R⊕) 0.38 R⊕ 1 R⊕ 0.25 R⊕ Mass (kg) 6.0x1024 kg Mass (M⊕) 0.055 M⊕ 1 M⊕ 0.012 M⊕ Avg. Surface T -290 to 800 F̊ 59 F̊ -240 to 240 F̊ ** around Earth Lunar Surface • Cratered – 30,000 big (> 1km) – millions of smaller craters MercurianMercury Surface - Surface Features Messenger Images Era of Heavy Bombardment Period of intense impacts in the inner S.S. by leftover planetesimals from outer S.S. 4.1-3.8 billion yrs ago affects all Terr. planets Lunar Surface • Dark Maria (“Seas”) • Lighter Highlands (“Lands”, Terrae) Lunar Surface • Maria What’s different? Why? • Highlands Apollo Lunar Surface Maria: smooth, flat, fewer craters Highlands: VERY cratered Maria have been resurfaced! Maria Formation After Heavy Bombardment Volcanic Activity caused by heat from radioactive decay flooded old craters Dating the Lunar Surface Crater Counting! Which is oldest? The Moon - Space Exploration • Luna 3 (Russia), 1959 Luna 3 farside • NASA Rangers (Impactors), 1961-1965 • Orbiters (99% mapped), 1966-1967 • Surveyors (landers), 1966-1968 • Apollo (manned), 1968-1972 • Clementine (Multi-wavel. mapping), 1994 • Prospector (polar orbiter), 1998 • SMART-1 (ESA Impactor), 2003-2006 • Kaguya (Japan), 2007- Prospector • Chang-e 1 (China), 2007- • Chandrayaan (India), 2008- Orbiter • Lunar Recon.
[Show full text]
The Composition of Planetary Atmospheres 1
The Composition of Planetary Atmospheres 1 All of the planets in our solar system, and some of its smaller bodies too, have an outer layer of gas we call the atmosphere. The atmosphere usually sits atop a denser, rocky crust or planetary core. Atmospheres can extend thousands of kilometers into space. The table below gives the name of the kind of gas found in each object’s atmosphere, and the total mass of the atmosphere in kilograms. The table also gives the percentage of the atmosphere composed of the gas. Object Mass Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Argon Methane Sodium Hydrogen Helium Other (kilograms) Dioxide Sun 3.0x1030 71% 26% 3% Mercury 1000 42% 22% 22% 6% 8% Venus 4.8x1020 96% 4% Earth 1.4x1021 78% 21% 1% <1% Moon 100,000 70% 1% 29% Mars 2.5x1016 95% 2.7% 1.6% 0.7% Jupiter 1.9x1027 89.8% 10.2% Saturn 5.4x1026 96.3% 3.2% 0.5% Titan 9.1x1018 97% 2% 1% Uranus 8.6x1025 2.3% 82.5% 15.2% Neptune 1.0x1026 1.0% 80% 19% Pluto 1.3x1014 8% 90% 2% Problem 1 – Draw a pie graph (circle graph) that shows the atmosphere constituents for Mars and Earth. Problem 2 – Draw a pie graph that shows the percentage of Nitrogen for Venus, Earth, Mars, Titan and Pluto. Problem 3 – Which planet has the atmosphere with the greatest percentage of Oxygen? Problem 4 – Which planet has the atmosphere with the greatest number of kilograms of oxygen? Problem 5 – Compare and contrast the objects with the greatest percentage of hydrogen, and the least percentage of hydrogen.
[Show full text]
Solar System Planet and Dwarf Planet Fact Sheet
Solar System Planet and Dwarf Planet Fact Sheet The planets and dwarf planets are listed in their order from the Sun. Mercury The smallest planet in the Solar System. The closest planet to the Sun. Revolves the fastest around the Sun. It is 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit hotter on its daytime side than on its night time side. Venus The hottest planet. Average temperature: 864 F. Hotter than your oven at home. It is covered in clouds of sulfuric acid. It rains sulfuric acid on Venus which comes down as virga and does not reach the surface of the planet. Its atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide (CO2). It has thousands of volcanoes. Most are dormant. But some might be active. Scientists are not sure. It rotates around its axis slower than it revolves around the Sun. That means that its day is longer than its year! This rotation is the slowest in the Solar System. Earth Lots of water! Mountains! Active volcanoes! Hurricanes! Earthquakes! Life! Us! Mars It is sometimes called the "red planet" because it is covered in iron oxide -- a substance that is the same as rust on our planet. It has the highest volcano -- Olympus Mons -- in the Solar System. It is not an active volcano. It has a canyon -- Valles Marineris -- that is as wide as the United States. It once had rivers, lakes and oceans of water. Scientists are trying to find out what happened to all this water and if there ever was (or still is!) life on Mars. It sometimes has dust storms that cover the entire planet.
[Show full text]
Stellium Handbook Part
2 Donna Cunningham’s Books on the Outer Planets If you’re dealing with a stellium that contains one or more outer planets, these ebooks will help you understand their role in your chart and explore ways to change difficult patterns they represent. Since The Stellium Handbook can’t cover them in the depth they deserve, you’ll gain a greater perspective through these ebooks that devote entire chapters to the meanings of Uranus, Neptune, or Pluto in a variety of contexts. The Outer Planets and Inner Life volumes are $15 each if purchased separately, or $35 for all three—a $10 savings. To order, go to PayPal.com and tell them which books you want, Donna’s email address ([email protected]), and the amount. The ebooks arrive on separate emails. If you want them sent to an email address other than the one you used, let her know. The Outer Planets and Inner Life, V.1: The Outer Planets as Career Indicators. If your stellium has outer planets in the career houses (2nd, 6th, or 10th), or if it relates to your chosen career, this book can give you helpful insights. There’s an otherworldly element when the outer planets are career markers, a sense of serving a greater purpose in human history. Each chapter of this e-book explores one of these planets in depth. See an excerpt here. The Outer Planets and Inner Life, v.2: Outer Planet Aspects to Venus and Mars. Learn about the love lives of people who have the outer planets woven in with the primary relationship planets, Venus and Mars, or in the relationship houses—the 7th, 8th, and 5th.
[Show full text]
First Look at Mercury
PLANETARY SCIENCE Mariner 10 was launched to Mercury by way of Venus on November 3, 1973. It was not the first probe to visit Venus. Both the United States and the Soviet Union previously have sent probes to that mysterious, cloud-shrouded planet. However, Mariner 10 was the first to photographically explore the close-up appearance of the planet, and did so both in visibIe and in ultraviolet light. And Mariner 10 was the first probe of any kind to penetrate interplanetary space beyond the orbit of Venus and to achieve a close look at the planet Mercury. First Look Why go to Mercury? Who needs it? There basically are two kinds of reasons. The first is simple and profound and at Mercury difficult to quantify: The very act of exploration is a positive, cultural activity. No one knows what is going to be found. Finding out what Mercury, what Mars, or BRUCE C. MURRAY what the moon is really like, enlarges the consciousness of all the people who partake of that new reality. TV pictures are of special importance because they provide a way both for the scientist to discover features and concepts he could not have imagined and for the public to directly appreciate and participate in the exploration of a new world. Why go to Mercury? Who needs it? But there are more specific scientific objectives as well. For Mercury, the basic-and anomalous-scientific fact is A planetary scientist that it is a very dense planet: It contains a great amount of tells what the voyage mass for its size.
[Show full text]