This Offering Is Available Only to Investors Who Are Either (1) Qibs (As Defined Below) Or (2) Located Outside the United States
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This Offering Is Available Only to Investors Who Are Either (1) Qibs (As Defined Below) Or (2) Located Outside the United States
THIS OFFERING IS AVAILABLE ONLY TO INVESTORS WHO ARE EITHER (1) QIBS (AS DEFINED BELOW) OR (2) LOCATED OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES. IMPORTANT: You must read the following before continuing. The following applies to the prospectus following this page, whether received by e-mail, accessed from an internet page or received as a result of electronic transmission, and you are therefore advised to read this carefully before reading, accessing or making any other use of the prospectus. In accessing the prospectus, you agree to be bound by the following terms and conditions, including any modifications to them any time you receive any information from us as a result of such access. The prospectus has been prepared solely in connection with the proposed offering to certain institutional and professional investors of the securities described herein. NOTHING IN THIS ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION CONSTITUTES AN OFFER OF SECURITIES FOR SALE OR A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY SECURITIES IN ANY JURISDICITON WHERE THE OFFER, SALE OR SOLICITATION IS NOT PERMITTED. THE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN, AND WILL NOT BE, REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE U.S. OR ANY OTHER JURISDICTION AND THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE U.S. EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND APPLICABLE STATE OR LOCAL SECURITIES LAWS. THE FOLLOWING PROSPECTUS MAY NOT BE FORWARDED OR DISTRIBUTED TO ANY OTHER PERSON AND MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED IN ANY MANNER WHATSOEVER ANY FORWARDING, DISTRIBUTION OR REPRODUCTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IN WHOLE OR IN PART IS UNAUTHORISED. -
God and Democracy
Prof. Dr. Tanja Karakamisheva-Jovanovska Assoc. Prof. Dr. Aleksandar Spasenovski God and Democracy - A Handbook on the Rights of Religious Communities and the Freedom of Religion in the Republic of Macedonia Konrad Adenauer Foundation Faculty of Law "Iustinianus Primus" Rule of Law Programme at the University "Ss Cyril and South East Europe Methodius" in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia SKOPJE, 2018 YEAR IMPRESSUM Title: God and Democracy - A Handbook on the Rights of Religious Communities and the Freedom of Religion in the Republic of Macedonia Authors: Tanja Karakamiseva-Jovanovska, full professor at the Faculty of Law "Iustinianus Primus", University "St. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje Aleksandar Spasenovski, assistant professor at the Faculty of Law "Iustinianus Primus", University "St. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje Publishers: Konrad Adenauer Foundation-Rule of Law Programme in Southeast Europe – Bucharest Faculty of Law "Iustinianus Primus" - Skopje Editor: Tanja Karakamisheva Jovanovska Lecture: Magdica Shambevska Computer preparation and press: Vincent Graphics DOO Skopje The book can be downloaded for free at: http://www.kas.de/rlpsee/ Only selected parts of the study “God and Democracy - A Handbook on the Rights of Religious Communities and the Freedom of Religion in the Republic of Macedonia” have been translated into English by Prof. Dr. Tanja Karakamisheva-Jovanovska. The full study is available only in Macedonian. The book can be downloaded for free at: http://www.kas.de/rlpsee/ CONTENT PREFACE INTRODUCTION 1. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND THE PRINCIPLE OF SECULARITY 2. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND THE STATUS OF RELIGIONS AND RELIGIOUS FREEDOM 2.1. -
Ljubco Georgievski
Ljubco Georgievski Macedonia, Primer ministro Duración del mandato: 30 de Noviembre de 1998 - de de Nacimiento: Stip, región Oriental, 17 de Enero de 1966 Partido político: VMRO-DPMNE ResumenParadigma de toda una generación de jóvenes activistas catapultados al proscenio político cuando los cambios revolucionarios en la Europa del Este en 1989 y 1990, en la primavera de aquel año, al poco de licenciarse en Literatura Comparativa por la Facultad de Filología de la Universidad San Cirilo y San Metodio de Skopje, fue uno de los artífices de la Organización Revolucionaria Interna de Macedonia-Partido Democrático para la Unidad Nacional Macedonia (VMRO-DPMNE). Esta fuerza declaraba ser "nacional-patriótica" y, no ya el heredero directo, sino el mismo VMRO histórico restaurado al socaire del nuevo clima de libertades. http://www.cidob.org 1 of 12 Biografía El VMRO original fue creado en noviembre de 1893 en Tesalónica por nacionalistas macedonios para combatir cinco siglos de ocupación turca mediante tácticas terroristas y establecer un Estado macedonio. Este primer VMRO prolongó su existencia después de las guerras balcánicas de 1912-1913 y la Primera Guerra Mundial, que truncaron aquel objetivo nacional al repartirse el territorio Grecia (el sur), Serbia (el noroeste) y Bulgaria (el nordeste), hasta su proscripción por la Yugoslavia socialista de Tito al cabo de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Georgievski, con 25 años de edad, de oratoria vehemente y una producción poética a sus espaldas, fue elegido presidente de la formación en su asamblea fundacional -
A Perfect Storm: Macedonia's Political Chaos and the Refugee Crisis
A perfect storm: Macedonia’s political chaos and the refugee crisis blogs.lse.ac.uk/europpblog/2016/01/28/a-perfect-storm-macedonias-political-chaos-and-the-refugee-crisis/ 1/28/2016 Macedonia has been experiencing a prolonged political crisis, with the country’s Prime Minister, Nikola Gruevski, resigning in January this year ahead of new elections intended to be held in April. Dejan Marolov writes on the roots of the crisis and how the present standoff between the ruling party and the opposition has developed. He argues that resolving the political stalemate will be vital if Macedonia is to meet a number of key challenges it faces, such as the country’s location on one of the main routes for asylum seekers and migrants to travel into northern Europe. The Republic of Macedonia is facing possibly the toughest political crisis in its existence (if we exclude the armed conflict from 2001). As a result of the crisis, which was initiated by a phone tapping scandal, an EU-mediated agreement, known as the ‘Przino agreement’, was reached between the main political parties in July 2015 to undertake a series of measures to resolve the situation. This was to culminate in new, fair and democratic elections, which were set for April 2016. The resignation of the country’s Prime Minister, Nikola Gruevski, was part of this agreement – and it was this element that generated a particularly large level of attention. The roots of the current crisis Gruevski has been Prime Minister from mid-2006, which means he has governed the country for almost 10 years. -
MACEDONIA UPDATE: Challenges and Choices for the New Government
MACEDONIA UPDATE: Challenges and Choices for the New Government ICG Balkans Report N°60 Skopje-Brussels, 29 March 1999 Foreword This latest ICG report on Macedonia was written during March, as the new humanitarian catastrophe in neighbouring Kosovo unfolded and reached a new scale. Because of the recent events in Kosovo and the region at large, parts of this report have been overtaken by new developments. In particular, this concerns issues relating to the amount of aid reaching Macedonia, actions taken to alleviate the refugee situation in Macedonia and, most importantly, the Government’s ability to deal with the increasing number of refugees. Indeed, events in the last few days may well have reached a point beyond the Government’s capacity to respond. On the whole however, the analysis and conclusions of this report are still valid and still merit consideration despite the fact that local and international attention is now focusing on developments in Kosovo and their effect on neighbouring countries. Skopje–Brussels, 6th April, 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................... i I. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................. 1 II. THE GOVERNMENT’S FIRST 100 DAYS IN OFFICE — ..................................... A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT........................................................................ 1 III. TOO MANY PROMISES, TOO LITTLE TIME ..................................................... -
Macedonian Historical Review 3 (2012) Македонска Историска Ревија 3 (2012) EDITORIAL BOARD
Macedonian Historical Review 3 (2012) Македонска историска ревија 3 (2012) EDITORIAL BOARD: Boban PETROVSKI, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Macedonia (editor-in-chief) Nikola ŽEŽOV, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Macedonia Dalibor JOVANOVSKI, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Macedonia Toni FILIPOSKI, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Macedonia Charles INGRAO, Purdue University, USA Bojan BALKOVEC, University of Ljubljana,Slovenia Aleksander NIKOLOV, University of Sofia, Bulgaria Đorđe BUBALO, University of Belgrade, Serbia Ivan BALTA, University of Osijek, Croatia Adrian PAPAIANI, University of Elbasan, Albania Oliver SCHMITT, University of Vienna, Austria Nikola MINOV, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Macedonia (editorial board secretary) ISSN: 1857-7032 © 2012 Faculty of Philosophy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius - Skopje Faculty of Philosophy Macedonian Historical Review vol. 3 2012 Please send all articles, notes, documents and enquiries to: Macedonian Historical Review Department of History Faculty of Philosophy Bul. Krste Misirkov bb 1000 Skopje Republic of Macedonia http://mhr.fzf.ukim.edu.mk/ [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 Nathalie DEL SOCORRO Archaic Funerary Rites in Ancient Macedonia: contribution of old excavations to present-day researches 15 Wouter VANACKER Indigenous Insurgence in the Central Balkan during the Principate 41 Valerie C. COOPER Archeological Evidence of Religious Syncretism in Thasos, Greece during the Early Christian Period 65 Diego PEIRANO Some Observations about the Form and Settings of the Basilica of Bargala 85 Denitsa PETROVA La conquête ottomane dans les Balkans, reflétée dans quelques chroniques courtes 95 Elica MANEVA Archaeology, Ethnology, or History? Vodoča Necropolis, Graves 427a and 427, the First Half of the 19th c. -
The Republic of Macedonia's 2016 Parliamentary Elections Handbook
THE REPUBLIC OF Macedonia’s 2016 THE REPUBLIC OF PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS MacedOnia’s HANDBOOK 2016 ParliaMentary SECOND UPDATED EDITION electiOns HandbOOk Konrad Adenauer secOnd uPdated editiOn Stiftung Office in Macedonia Risto Ravanovski 8 1000 Skopje http://www.kas.de/mazedonien/mk www.idscs.org.mk Tel: +389 (2) 3217 075 Fax: +389 (2) 3217 076 POLITICS Е-mail: [email protected] Impressum Title: The Republic of Macedonia’s 2016 Parliamentary Elections THE REPUBLIC OF Handbook Macedonia’s 2016 Publisher: The Konrad Adenauer Stiftung in the Republic of Macedonia PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS Institute for Democracy “Societas Civilis” – Skopje HANDBOOK Author: Hristina Veljanova Hristina Veljanova Coordination: Davor Pasoski Johannes D. Rey Translation: Perica Sardzoski Proofreading: Haven Hightower Design and preparation: Vinsent Grafika The publication can be downloaded for free at: http://www.kas.de/mazedonien/mk http://www.idscs.org.mk Note: The stances exposed in this publication do not necessarily represent the positions of the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung and the Institute for Democracy “Societas Civilis” – Skopje, but are personal views of the author. Contents: Democratic Union for Integration 68 1. Introduction to the 2016 Parliamentary Elections 6 Social Democratic Union of Macedonia 71 Preparations for snap parliamentary elections 12 Recent changes to the electoral legislation 14 Coalition for CHANGES and JUSTICE - THIRD BLOCK (Democratic Union, FRODEM, DEMOS and MORO-RP) 76 Party for Democratic Prosperity 77 2. History of the Parliamentary Elections in Macedonia (1990 - 2014) 18 Coalition “Alliance for the Albanians” 1990 parliamentary elections 19 (DR-DPA, Uniteti, NDP) 78 1994 parliamentary elections 21 Liberal Party 79 1998 parliamentary elections 23 Coalition VMRO for Macedonia 80 2002 parliamentary elections 24 Movement BESA 81 2006 parliamentary elections 26 Levica 82 2008 parliamentary elections 28 6. -
Europe Report, Nr. 77: Macedonia
MACEDONIA: GEARING UP FOR PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS ICG Balkans Report N°77 Skopje, 18 October 1999 Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 II. THE MACEDONIAN PRESIDENT................................................................................ 1 A. Rights and Duties of the President ........................................................................ 1 B. How the President is Elected ................................................................................. 2 III. THE PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES…........................................................................ 3 A. Parties Fail to Agree on Joint Candidates.............................................................. 4 B. The Six Presidential Hopefuls................................................................................ 4 IV. …AND THEIR CHANCES ............................................................................................ 7 Individual Candidates ................................................................................................... 8 V. CONTROVERSIAL CHANGES TO THE STATE ELECTORAL COMMISSION ......... 10 VI. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION DEEPENS RIFT WITHIN RULING COALITION…........ 11 VII. …AS RELATIONS BETWEEN MACEDONIA AND KFOR ALSO UNDERGO CRISIS.................................................................................................... 13 VIII. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... -
Political History of the Balkans (1989–2018) This Page Intentionally Left Blank POLITICAL HISTORY of the BALKANS (1989–2018) Edited by József Dúró – Zoltán Egeresi
The Balkan Peninsula has played a crucial role in human history many times. The region framed the 20th century. The end of the Political History of the Balkans Cold War also had a significant effect on the region as it resulted (1989–2018) in bloody wars, economic collapse and complicated political transitions. The 2000s and 2010s opened the way towards EU membership, as many countries received candidate status and launched accession negotiations – however, this process has recently been facing obstacles. Political History This volume provides a general overview of the Post-Cold War history of the Balkans and explores the dynamics behind these tremendous changes ranging from democratic transitions to EU prospects. The authors describe the transitional period, the evolution of the political system and highlight the most important of the Balkans political developments in each country in the region. We recommend this book to those who seek a deeper insight into the recent history of the Balkans and a deeper understanding of its political developments. (1989–2018) POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE BALKANS (1989—2018) POLITICAL HISTORY The work was created in commission of the National University of Public Service under the priority project PACSDOP-2.1.2-CCHOP-15-2016-00001 entitled “Public Service Development Establishing Good Governance”. Zoltán Egeresi (eds.): Egeresi Zoltán — József Dúró József Edited by JÓZSEF DÚRÓ European Social Fund ZOLTÁN EGERESI INVESTING IN YOUR FUTURE Political History of the Balkans (1989–2018) This page intentionally left blank POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE BALKANS (1989–2018) Edited by József Dúró – Zoltán Egeresi Dialóg Campus Budapest, 2020 The work was created in commission of the National University of Public Service under the priority project PACSDOP-2.1.2-CCHOP-15-2016-00001 entitled “Public Service Development Establishing Good Governance”. -
Macedonia, Serbia and the European Border Regime
Barbara Beznec Marc Speer GOVERNING Marta Stojić Mitrović THE BALKAN ROUTE: MACEDONIA, SERBIA AND THE EUROPEAN BORDER RegIME Research Paper Series of Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung Southeast Europe 5 1 2 Barbara Beznec Marc Speer Marta Stojić Mitrović Governing the Balkan Route: Macedonia, Serbia and the European Border Regime 1 Impresum Barbara Beznec, Marc Speer, Marta Stojić Mitrović Governing the Balkan Route: Macedonia, Serbia and the European Border Regime Izdavač/Publisher: Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung Southeast Europe Urednica/Editor: Wenke Christoph Lektora i korektura/Proofreading: Joost van Beek Dizajn/Layout: шkart Fotografije/Photos: Marc Speer Tiraž/Circulation: 1.000 Štampa/Print: Standard 2, Beograd, decembar 2016. Godina izdanja/Publishing year: 2016 In cooperation with bordermonitoring.eu e.V. Supported by the Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung Southeast Europe with funds from the German Federal Foreign Office. This publication or parts of it can be used by others for free as long as they provide a proper reference to the original publication. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung. Responsibility for the information and views expressed therein lies with the authors. 2 Research Paper Series of Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung Southeast Europe No.5 3 1. Introduction Before summer 2015, the prevailing representation of irregularized migration to the EU concerned maritime migration routes. The dom- inant images depicted overcrowded boats in distress and tragedies like the capsizing of a boat just off the coast of Lampedusa on 3 Oc- tober 2013, when more than 300 people drowned. In summer 2015, however, the focus in the portrayal of migration shifted abruptly to the Balkan route. -
Freedom House, Its Academic Advisers, and the Author(S) of This Report
Macedonia By Jovan Bliznakovski Capital: Skopje Population: 2.08 million GNI/capita, PPP: $14,310 Source: World Bank World Development Indicators. Nations in Transit Ratings and Averaged Scores 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 National Democratic 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.75 5.00 4.75 Governance Electoral Process 3.50 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.00 4.00 Civil Society 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.50 3.25 3.25 3.25 Independent Media 4.25 4.25 4.50 4.75 4.75 5.00 5.00 5.25 5.25 5.00 Local Democratic 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 4.00 4.00 4.00 Governance Judicial Framework 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.50 4.75 4.75 and Independence Corruption 4.25 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.25 4.25 4.50 4.75 4.75 Democracy Score 3.86 3.79 3.82 3.89 3.93 4.00 4.07 4.29 4.43 4.36 NOTE: The ratings reflect the consensus of Freedom House, its academic advisers, and the author(s) of this report. If consensus cannot be reached, Freedom House is responsible for the final ratings. The ratings are based on a scale of 1 to 7, with 1 representing the highest level of democratic progress and 7 the lowest. -
Macedonia's Post-Yugoslav Reality
11 Macedonia’s Post-Yugoslav Reality Corruption, Wire-Tapping, and Stolen Elections Sabrina P. Ramet1 How successful or unsuccessful has Macedonia been since its declaration of independence in 1991? The question sounds simple enough. At first glance, one is inclined to say that it has been unusually unsuccessful, even by Balkan standards. The country has been blocked by Greece in its quest to join the European Union (EU) and NATO, was forced – again by Greece – to change its flag and modify its constitution to renounce territorial aspirations it never nurtured, and was admitted to the United Nations only under the humiliating name Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia – a designation which suggests to Macedonians that their state is a kind of pariah. Then there is the fact that 30.4 per cent of its people were living below the poverty line in 2011 (see the Introduction to this volume). Again, as noted in the Introduction, Macedonia’s ranking on press freedom in 2015 was the lowest among the seven Yugoslav successor states. And finally, there is the extent of corruption through which the ruling party has maintained itself in power since 2006 (detailed below in the subsection Allegations of Abuse of Power and in the section Political Transformation II below). 1 Except where otherwise noted, all internet sources cited herein were accessed during the period 4–7 November 2014. 1 On the other hand, Macedonia was successful in staying out of the War of Yugoslav Succession (1991–95) as well as the 1999 War for Kosovo, avoided being carved up between Greece and Serbia in 1992,2 and has been relatively successful in boosting revenue from tourism, earning 110 million euros from that sector in 2013.3 In addition, in 2001, an Albanian insurgency was successfully resolved with the signing of the Ohrid Peace Accords (discussed below).